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		<title>Trump Rompe su Promesa con México</title>
		<link>https://povsite.com/2025/02/18/trump-rompe-su-promesa-con-mexico/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Francisco Campuzano Garcia]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Feb 2025 14:21:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Español]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Noticias Mundiales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aranceles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[México]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Trump]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://povsite.com/?p=114</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Trump a roto el acuerdo que había firmado con la presidenta de México al imponer aranceles del 25% al acero Mexicano.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>Por: Francisco Campuzano </p>



<p>Trump había hacho un acuerdo con la presidenta de México, Claudia Sheinbaum sobre los aranceles que el estaba amenazando con poner. Este acuerdo decía que los aranceles serían pospuestos hasta los principios de Marzo, y así se había quedado las cosas. Hasta que hace un día, el presidente estadounidense anuncio que iba a establecer los aranceles a metales exportados de México, rompiendo el acuerdo que había hecho con la presidenta.</p>



<figure data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":240335549,"permalink":"https:\/\/povsite.com\/2025\/02\/18\/trump-rompe-su-promesa-con-mexico\/"}'  class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex">
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/800px-TrumpPortrait.jpg" alt="Donald Trump - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre" /></figure>
</figure>



<p>Trump anuncio que estaba poniendo estos aranceles por que el dijo que México no estaba haciendo suficiente para combatir el transcurso de fentanilo y migrantes ilegales a EE. UU. Sin embargo, trump había aceptado posponer los aranceles si México mandaba 10,000 soldados Mexicanos a proteger la frontera. Este había dejado a todo el mundo satisfecho, pero solo unos días después de firmar este tratado Trump decidió romperlo y agregarle un arancel del 25% al acero exportado de México </p>



<p>Esta decisión tomo a todos por sorpresa, pero al mismo tiempo se cree que esta decisión fue una hecha nada mas para molestar. Ya que el acero no es uno de los productos de los cuales la economía Mexicana depende en exportación. Incluso termina que México importa más acero de EE. UU, por lo que no se sabe que es lo que Trump estaba intentando lograr con esto. Al mismo tiempo, EE. UU. había firmado un acuerdo con México hace unos años en el cual los gringos le prohibían exportar acero que viniera de China, pero últimamente se a descubierto que mucho del acer que nos importa EE. UU. es chino. Por lo que la hipocresía es indudable.</p>



<p>Pero cualquier cosa, aquí les avisamos.</p>
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		<title>Trump Pospone los Aranceles a México y Canadá</title>
		<link>https://povsite.com/2025/02/09/trump-pospone-los-aranceles-a-mexico-y-canada/</link>
					<comments>https://povsite.com/2025/02/09/trump-pospone-los-aranceles-a-mexico-y-canada/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Francisco Campuzano Garcia]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Feb 2025 00:59:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Español]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Noticias Mundiales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aranceles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canadá]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EE. UU.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[México]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Noticias]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Trump]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://povsite.com/?p=106</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Trump pospone los aranceles hacia México y Canadá por el siguiente mes tras conversaciones entre todo Norte America.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>Por: Francisco Campuzano García </p>



<p>Desde que Trump entro a La Casa Blanca el a estadio amenazando a México y Canadá con imponerles aranceles del 25%. Las razones por las cuales Trump amenazo a México con los aranceles son por la entrada de migrantes ilegales y la entrada de fentanilo a Estados Unidos por México. EE. UU siente que el gobierno Mexicano no esta haciendo suficiente para detener la entrada de estos dos a EE. UU. </p>



<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/ws/640/cpsprodpb/f997/live/960ddeb0-a9b9-11ef-a4fe-a3e9a6c5d640.png.webp" alt="Trump: tras el conteo final de los votos, ¿qué tan grande fue realmente la  victoria electoral del candidato republicano? - BBC News Mundo" style="width:800px;height:auto" /></figure>



<p>Las amenazas del 25% de aranceles hacia México era una amenaza aterradora para este mercado, ya que el 75% de las exportaciones de México son a EE. UU. y con el bajo de consumo de productos mexicanos que esto causaría, implicaría una caída enorme en la economía mexicana, (esto si los ciudadanos de EE. UU. si dejaran de comprar los productos, si no llegan a ese nivel quienes perderían dinero serían las empresas gringas). Los aranceles tenían que tomar lugar a principios de febrero, sin embargo, después de largas conversaciones entre Claudia Sheinbaum y Donal Trump los dos presidentes lograron llegar a un acuerdo sobre los aranceles.</p>



<p>Trump decidió suspender los aranceles hasta Marzo con el trato de que Sheinbaum mandara a 10 mil soldados de la guardia nacional a la frontera con EE. UU. para patrullar y asegurarse de que no entraran migrantes ilegales y fentanilo de parte de los carteles. Unos días después el primer ministro de Canadá, Justin Trudeau anuncio que había llegado a un acuerdo similar con Trump. En donde los aranceles serían pospuestos por un mes.</p>



<p>Estos acuerdos dejan a todo Norte America en altas tensiones. Mientras es una buena notica que los aranceles fueron pospuestos, queda claro que Donald Trump será un presidente complicado con el cual lidiar en los años que siguen. La forma en la que estaba dispuesto en subir aranceles a productos extranjeros preocupa a mucha gente, y no se sabe que depara para el futuro con lo que seguirá. </p>



<p>Pero cualquier cosa, aquí les contamos.</p>
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			<media:title type="html">Trump: tras el conteo final de los votos, ¿qué tan grande fue realmente la  victoria electoral del candidato republicano? - BBC News Mundo</media:title>
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		<title>The Ceasefire in Gaza</title>
		<link>https://povsite.com/2025/02/02/the-ceasefire-in-gaza/</link>
					<comments>https://povsite.com/2025/02/02/the-ceasefire-in-gaza/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Francisco Campuzano Garcia]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Feb 2025 19:54:28 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Noticias Mundiales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gaza]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Israel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Palestine]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://povsite.com/?p=85</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The war in Gaza is in a ceasefire after both sides accept to liberate prisoners. ]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>By: Francisco Campuzano </p>



<p>About a week ago, a ceasefire in the Hamas-Israeli conflict was finally reached. The war in Gaza had begun about a year ago, in October 2023. This war claimed the lives of about 50,000 people. </p>



<p>People in the Gaza Strip have been waiting for this ceasefire for over a year, with the ceasefire people are now able to leave and walk around the streets of Jan Tunis without fear of being hit with a missile-shell or a sudden attack. For the past months the city of Rafa, which is located in the border of Gaza and Egypt, had been completely over-populated as refugees looked for a place where to hid from the attacks. With the declaration of the Ceasefire many of the people staying in Rafa have now been able to return to their homes, only to find them destroyed.</p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>The Destroyed Nation</strong></p>



<p>With the Palestinians returning to north-Gaza they are discovering that their homes and the cities which they used to now are in complete ruin, with building being in ruble and bodies lying around the streets. </p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://cdnuploads.aa.com.tr/uploads/Contents/2024/10/30/thumbs_b_c_d15d3ab9d93496b0764739c73b30e087.jpg?v=114605" alt="Northern Gaza's Beit Lahia declared 'disaster area' amid ongoing Israeli  attacks" /></figure>



<p>This is an image of the Northern-Gaza city of Beit Lahai, one of the fist cities attacked back when the conflict began. The city had remained under Israeli control for over a year, but with the ceasefire the people who used to live there are returning just to find their homes completely destroyed. The question everybody is asking themselves is how are they going to rebuild their nations? We don&#8217;t know.</p>



<p><strong>What Will Happen?</strong></p>



<p>it isn&#8217;t clear what the future holds for the Palestinians, They have a lot to worry about and no one knows what will happen. The Palestinians who are fortunate enough to still have their homes are letting their neighbors and friends stay with them. Many Gaza&#8217;s are leaving the country now that they have the travel ban has been lifted, many are leaving to the West-Bank, but others are fleeing completely to Europe or the US. </p>



<p>Yet, even though the war in Gaza has taken a pause, the conflict continues. In the last few days there have been attacks in the West-Bank, as both sides continue to liberate the ones they have kidnapped, tensions don&#8217;t seem to be going away. The future is still unknown.  </p>
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			<media:title type="html">Northern Gaza&#039;s Beit Lahia declared &#039;disaster area&#039; amid ongoing Israeli  attacks</media:title>
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		<title>South Koreas President is Arrested</title>
		<link>https://povsite.com/2025/01/15/south-koreas-president-is-arrested/</link>
					<comments>https://povsite.com/2025/01/15/south-koreas-president-is-arrested/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Francisco Campuzano Garcia]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Jan 2025 02:43:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Noticias Mundiales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Martial Law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[President Yoon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[South Korea]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://povsite.com/?p=74</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[South Koreas president has been arrested for trying to take control complete control of South Korea.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>By: Francisco Campuzano García </p>



<p>Just a few hours ago, President Yoon Suk Yeol was arrested after he declared Martial Law, taking full power of the country. He is now being interrogated at the Corruption Investigation Office (CIO). His image has completely been tarnished after the December incident, South Koreas population is furious with him and expect him to be impeached.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/BQPKELEAKZIJVO66Y3GYLINPIU.jpg?auth=c963c4be7c596948303a12cc6a4fe6fe2494c17d7e9a2b400b393ac275d91392&amp;width=5701&amp;quality=80" alt="What you need to know about investigations faced by South Korean President  Yoon | Reuters" /></figure>



<p>Yet, for the President to be impeached, a lot of things need to happen. According to South Korea&#8217;s 10th Constitution (singed in 1987) if the President, Prime Minister or any other governing individual breaks Constitutional law the National Assembly can vote to impeach him. </p>



<details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>South Koreas National Assembly </summary>
<p>The National Assembly of the Republic of South Korea has 300 seats, within those 300 seats there are 253 constituency seats and 47 proportional representation seats. 30 of the PR seats are assigned an additional member system, while 17 PR seats use the parallel voting method. The votes in the National Assembly are private, and every political party (depending on the out come of the elections) has a representing member in the parliament. </p>



<p></p>
</details>



<p>President Yoon Suk Yeol is part of the Peoples Power Party, who at the time had the majority of seats in the parliament. After the political disaster that was the Martial Law, members of Parliament, including members of his own party, had a meeting to boycott the declaration of Martial Law. Afterwards they decided to make a vote to decide if president Yoon should be impeached, the first vote was boycotted by Yoon´s party as they walked out in masses, yet in the second try the vote to impeach president Yoon was passed, with 12 members of Yoons party voting to impeach him.</p>



<p>All of this happened in 14 December, but the constitution South Korea dictates that for president Yoon to be impeached, there most be a trail against him (which can take up to 6 months). Which means that president Yoon is yet to be impeached at the time of writing, he has just been suspended from office. After the voting in 14 December took place, the government sent out a warrant for his arrest, but when they arrived at his house in central Seoul, they were confronted by a crowd of Yoon supporters striking outside his house. On 3 January CIO officials had a stand off with Yoon´s security that lasted for almost 6 hours, eventually the CIO surrendered and backed off, leaving him as a freeman. Because of this he locked himself in his house and remained there for almost 15 days, with attempts for his arrest falling.</p>



<p>Yet, just a few hours ago CIO officials managed to enter his home and arrest him. This task proved to be harder than what they had imagined, as they were forced to climb the walls of his house and had to cut barbed wire to enter. Afterwards they successfully arrested him and he is now being facing charges of insurrection for a failed martial law. </p>



<p>This is the first time in Koreas history that an active president has been arrested. To this point, it is still uncertain what holds for South Koreas future, as there still needs to be the trail that will decide once and for all if president Yoon is impeached, but whatever might happen we will tell you all about it here.  </p>
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		<media:content url="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/BQPKELEAKZIJVO66Y3GYLINPIU.jpg?auth=c963c4be7c596948303a12cc6a4fe6fe2494c17d7e9a2b400b393ac275d91392&#038;width=5701&#038;quality=80" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">What you need to know about investigations faced by South Korean President  Yoon &#124; Reuters</media:title>
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		<title>Why The Germans Surrendered</title>
		<link>https://povsite.com/2025/01/13/why-the-germans-surrendered/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Francisco Campuzano Garcia]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 14 Jan 2025 03:59:42 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Historia Mundial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Eastern Front WWi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Germany in WWI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Western Front WWI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WWI]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://povsite.com/?p=56</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[By 1915, it was clear that the Central Powers were at a disadvantage, even though when looking at a map of the territory captured it might have seen as the contrary. So, why did Germany end up loosing WWI?]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>By Francisco Campuzano García </p>



<p>Since the war had began, back in 1914, it was clear that Germany would have a tougher time in the War. Right after the British entered the war they began their blockade in the North Sea, the only coastline Germany had. Cutting them out of the rest of the world, meaning that Germany wouldn&#8217;t be able to get food imported to its people. Yet, the German population understood that there were would be sacrifices for their victory in the war, and because of their grand sense of Nationalism, they were somewhat willing to starve themselves for their nation. Not like they had a choice. </p>



<p>As the war went on, the Germans had the moral leadership. As the Invasion of Belgium started, a race began between the Germans and the western entente known as the Race to the Sea. </p>



<details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>The Race To The Sea </summary>
<p>When German troops were able to enter Belgium, the French (later backed by the British) rushed to stop the German advance in the north, after the battle of the battles of Frontiers, the Germans were stopped in there advance, so they continued to move towards the Sea. It became a race to see were the entente would be able to cut the German advance and arrive to the sea first. The Germans were able to get to Belgiums coast line, but were later reached by British troops and had their advance stopped. Forcing them to dig themselves into defensive positions. </p>
</details>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-attachment-id="69" data-permalink="https://povsite.com/2025/01/13/why-the-germans-surrendered/map_of_allied_gains_in_late_1918_img/" data-orig-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/map_of_allied_gains_in_late_1918_img.jpg" data-orig-size="1242,961" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Map_of_Allied_gains_in_late_1918_IMG" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/map_of_allied_gains_in_late_1918_img.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/map_of_allied_gains_in_late_1918_img.jpg?w=1024" width="1024" height="792" src="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/map_of_allied_gains_in_late_1918_img.jpg?w=1024" alt="" class="wp-image-69" /></figure>



<p>In just a 2 months and 3 weeks they had been able to take over most of Belgium and enter the north of France, so they were very confident that this war was theirs to win. With the fighting beginning in the Eastern front on August, the German military had to split on half to fight a two front war. Yet, things were still looking good for the Germans. Their trench lines appeared to be unbreakable while the ententes was having many issues. They didn&#8217;t have a good trench design, the British and French soldiers were separated. The British troops were stationed closer to Belgiums coastline, and the French were positioned farther east, because of this separation whenever one of them tried to do a coordinated attack, each side ended up doing whatever they wanted. Because of all the failures the entente had during the start of the war, moral was at its lowest. Yet the entente refused to give up, and soon things would start to change. </p>



<p>The Germans understood that they would end up being the ones that would do most in the war, yet they had overestimated their allies. The plan of the Germans was for the Austrians to take care of the Russians in the south border they shared, and for the Germans to take care of the northern border. Yet, Austrian failure during this time prove to be bigger than anything they had expected. The Russians had been able to advance into modern day Slovakia and parts of modern day Rumania. There had even been humiliation in their border with Serbia, as the Austrian had only been able to capture Belgrade for a couple of days before the Serbs were able to recapture their capital and push the Austrians back. It was clear that Germanys plan of a quick war wouldn&#8217;t be the case, yet they still had the upper hand.</p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>The Situation In Russia </strong></p>



<p>For most of the war the western front never changed that much, some kilometers of territory went back and forth between the entente and Germany but nothing truly big happened. All though it was a different story in the Eastern front. Russian incompetence with the commanders of the army showed since the start of the war, but it would take another turn as the situation in Russia continued to change. In 1915, tsar Nicholas II decided to leave the capital of Russia and take personal control of the army. Tsar Nicholas had no experience in the art of war and he was very unpopular with its troops. The political situation in Russia was also a complex mess. There were many things that angered the people of Russia, one of the most popular opinion was the hatred there was towards Rasputin. He had become part of the royal family because of his close friendship with the tsar, and with him gone most people believed that Rasputin was taking control of the nation because of his influence with the tsar and his wife. The Germans decided to take advantage of this.</p>



<p>A couple years ago, a revolutionary political leader in Russia had been banished into Switzerland. There, he had continued to write political manifestos and tried to anger the people of Russia to over through the tsar many times, his name was Lenin. The Germans decided to take him take him back to Russia hopping he would take advantage of the situation and cause and internal crisis. So they shipped him to Saint Petersburg (which was at the time called Petrograd). After his arrival in Petrograd, Lenin successfully caused a revolution that over through the power of the tsar, (the Russian revolution is a very complex topic that I will discuss with further details in another entry). With all the political chaos that was happening in Russia, the Germans had been able to advance quickly into Russian territory. </p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-attachment-id="64" data-permalink="https://povsite.com/2025/01/13/why-the-germans-surrendered/screenshot/" data-orig-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/map-eastern-front-1-1.jpeg" data-orig-size="1114,1023" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Screenshot&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1695667357&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Screenshot&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}" data-image-title="Screenshot" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;Screenshot&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/map-eastern-front-1-1.jpeg?w=300" data-large-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/map-eastern-front-1-1.jpeg?w=1024" width="1024" height="940" src="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/map-eastern-front-1-1.jpeg?w=1024" alt="" class="wp-image-64" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">In this image we can see how much the Russians and the Germans advanced on each other, and where the border was when the Bolshevik took power. </figcaption></figure>



<p>The Bolsheviks had promised to bring an end to their part in the war. Yet, when they sat to discuss a treaty with the Central Powers in 1917 the amount of territory they would loose was an outrages idea, but the Bolsheviks understood they couldn&#8217;t win the war. So they came up with their non-aggression plan. </p>



<details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary>Non-aggression plan </summary>
<p>It was a simple idea. The Russians wouldn&#8217;t attack the Germans, but they wouldn&#8217;t give up their territory either. They believed this solution would be liked by the Russian population, as they would bring an end to aggression. Yet, when the Germans realized that the Russians were no longer fighting they started a mass advance in the eastern front.</p>
</details>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>The Finally of The Great War </strong></p>



<p>With this mass advancement. The Germans successfully nocked the Russians out of the war. But it was clear that they wouldn&#8217;t have the same luck in the western front. They still held control over most of Belgium, yet they had been slowly loosing territory to the entente. The British had also just introduced a new type of weapon to the war called &#8220;the Tank&#8221;. This new invention could take attacks from any angle and fire bomb shells. The German population were also tired of the war. They had been living in inflation and starvation for four years, and they could no longer stand it. It was also very clear that the entente could still keep going, as they didn&#8217;t suffer from the starvation because they were still able to receive imported food. Even their army could still keep going. Even after the enormous kills the Germans had been able to cause, the entente were still able to call up more men to fight in the war from all the corners of their empires. The Germans couldn&#8217;t. </p>



<p>In the end, the Great War victor would be decided not by how much they could advance, but how much they could take it. Germany was a chaos in this moment. Moral in the army was very low and there was a threat of a civil war. In October 30 the Ottoman Empire surrendered to the entente. Not long after that, in November 3, the Austrians followed this. Germany was now completely alone. They understood that they wouldn&#8217;t be able to win this war. So in November 11 Germany finally surrendered. Bringing an end to the Great War. </p>
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		<title>Antes de la Gran Guerra</title>
		<link>https://povsite.com/2025/01/08/antes-de-la-gran-guerra/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Francisco Campuzano Garcia]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 08 Jan 2025 19:43:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Español]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Historia Mundial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Alemania]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Francia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Primera Guerra Mundial]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Por: Francisco Campuzano García Los orígenes de la Primera Guerra Mundial presentan una compleja red de relaciones internacionales, tensiones diplomáticas e intereses nacionales en competencia que, aunque diferentes de las causas más directas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, reflejan la intrincada naturaleza de la política europea de principios del siglo XX. Para entender esto mejor, [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>Por: Francisco Campuzano García </p>



<p>Los orígenes de la Primera Guerra Mundial presentan una compleja red de relaciones internacionales, tensiones diplomáticas e intereses nacionales en competencia que, aunque diferentes de las causas más directas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, reflejan la intrincada naturaleza de la política europea de principios del siglo XX. Para entender esto mejor, hay algunos detalles que necesitan ser corregidos, para que la Gran Guerra sea más fácil de digerir.</p>



<p>A principios del siglo XX, las tensiones en Europa estaban en su punto más alto, ya que habían pasado casi 50 años desde el último conflicto multilateral en Europa (en este caso me refiero a la Guerra de Crimea en la década de 1850) y la última guerra en Europa Occidental había sido la Guerra Franco-Prusiana, un conflicto armado que cambió el escenario mundial con el nacimiento de un nuevo y poderoso imperio. Después de la unificación de Alemania y la guerra franco-prusiana, el Kaiser Guillermo II y el Ministro Presidente Otto Von Bismarck entendieron que el nuevo Imperio Alemán se encontraba en una complicada situación geográfica e internacional. Acababan de humillar a los franceses, que en ese momento eran la segunda superpotencia mundial. Entendieron que si querían sobrevivir, necesitarían aliados. Así que, en 1882, Alemania, Austria e Italia firmaron la alianza de las Potencias Centrales. Se formó sobre los lazos históricos que Prusia y Austria habían tenido a lo largo de los últimos quinientos años y los lazos religiosos que todos mantenían con Italia, (otra nación joven que había nacido después de la primera y segunda guerra de independencia italiana).</p>



<p>Esta alianza militar preocupaba al resto de Europa, específicamente a Francia, ya que ahora entendían que si estallaba la guerra entre las dos potencias, Alemania tendría más posibilidades de victoria por el apoyo que recibiría de sus aliados. Para contrarrestar este nuevo poder, los franceses firmaron una alianza militar con el zar Nicolás II, el emperador de Rusia. Con este nuevo aliado, los franceses ahora podían rodear a las Potencias Centrales, colocándolas en una guerra de dos frentes. Además, en 1904 los franceses y los ingleses decidieron poner fin a su rivalidad y crear un futuro de cooperación diplomática contra la influencia alemana. No obstante, esta decisión que llegó a llamarse La Entente Cordiale no fue una alianza entre las dos potencias, ya que aún tenían diferencias y los británicos no querían ser incluidos en la alianza que los franceses habían formado con los rusos, pero fue un comienzo. Estas nuevas alianzas mantuvieron al mundo en paz, ya que entendieron que la próxima guerra que estallara no sería corta. </p>



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<p>Sin embargo, también aumentó las tensiones y el resentimiento entre ellos, un gran ejemplo de esto es la región sureste de Europa, los Balcanes.</p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
<p>Siempre lucharé por la paz. Pero, desafortunadamente, es la guerra la que nos impulsa hacia adelante. Es la guerra la que hace los giro más importantes. Hace que Wall Street funcione; hace que todos los bastardos en los Balcanes funcionen. </p>



<p><em>Emir Kusturica </em></p>
</blockquote>



<p>Los Balcanes, una región estratégicamente crucial en el sureste de Europa, representaban un punto crítico en la política europea de antes de la guerra. Los Balcanes son una región muy complicada, ya que es una región multiétnica que ha estado mayormente bajo el dominio de un solo imperio tratando de mantenerse unida. En el siglo XIX, el Imperio Otomano, que había controlado esta región durante siglos, comenzó a perder el control sobre ella, por lo que muchos territorios de esta región como Rumanía, Serbia, Bulgaria y Grecia pudieron declarar su independencia de ellos. Con el comienzo del siglo XX, los Imperios Austriaco y Ruso buscaban aumentar su influencia y control sobre esta región. Tratando de mantener a los austriacos fuera, los rusos se aliaron con los serbios. Sin embargo, en 1908 los austriacos anexaron el territorio de Bosnia y Herzegovina, una tierra que formaba parte del Imperio Otomano pero que tenía muchos serbios étnicos viviendo en ella. Esto enfureció al gobierno serbio, pero no tanto como a un grupo terrorista dentro de Serbia llamado La Mano Negra. Se indignaron por esta &#8220;invasión&#8221; y decidieron comenzar a difundir propaganda anti-austriaca en la ciudad de Sarajevo.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" width="732" height="720" data-attachment-id="44" data-permalink="https://povsite.com/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4-2/" data-orig-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4-1.jpg" data-orig-size="732,720" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="aALNZhf-cj9im0-4" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4-1.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4-1.jpg?w=732" src="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4-1.jpg?w=732" alt="" class="wp-image-44" style="width:800px;height:auto" /></figure>



<p>Después de la victoria serbia en la primera y segunda guerra de los Balcanes, el movimiento nacionalista serbio solo siguió creciendo y creciendo. Llegó al punto en el que La Mano Negra prácticamente controlaba su gobierno, y comenzaron a planear ideas para destruir el imperio de los Habsburgo. Al mismo tiempo, el archiduque de Austria, Francisco Fernando, decidió hacer un viaje a Sarajevo para intentar establecer su poder. Cuando esta noticia llegó a La Mano Negra, comenzaron a planear su complot para asesinarlo. Así que, el 28 de junio de 1914, el archiduque Francisco Fernando fue asesinado por un miembro de La Mano Negra llamado Gavrilo Princip.</p>



<p>Tras el asesinato de Francisco Fernando, Austria-Hungría emitió un ultimátum a Serbia el 23 de julio de 1914, que contenía diez demandas específicamente diseñadas para ser intencionalmente inaceptables, incluyendo la desolación y supresión de publicaciones anti-austriacas y la participación de funcionarios austriacos en procedimientos judiciales serbios. Las demandas que Austria le hizo a Serbia fueron consideradas como escandalosas por el gobierno serbio, por lo que se rehusaron a cumplirlas. Con eso dicho, Austria declaró la guerra a Serbia. Por la alianza que Rusia tenía con Serbia, ellos le declararon la guerra a los Austriacos. Para defender a su aliado los alemanes declararon la guerra a los rusos y para contrarrestar los franceses declararon la guerra a ellos.</p>



<p>Aunque la declaración inicial de guerra puso en marcha el conflicto, varios desarrollos cruciales transformarían este conflicto europeo en la catástrofe global que se conocería como la Primera Guerra Mundial. Para empezar; los británicos no se unieron a la guerra en favor de la Entente. De hecho, los británicos planeaban mantenerse neutrales en la guerra, ya que sus ciudadanos habían estado formando una mentalidad más pacifista y creían que unirse a la guerra no era lo mejor para su país, sin mencionar que ni siquiera tenían una alianza completa con la Entente, así que no había razón para que se unieran. Hasta las acciones que los alemanes harían. Los alemanes entendieron que su aliado Austria no sería de mucha ayuda en esta nueva guerra, sin mencionar que ni siquiera tenían una frontera con el oeste. Para enfrentar estas probabilidades, los alemanes idearon un plan para asegurarse de poder salir victoriosos. Los estrategas militares alemanes entendieron que, debido a su enorme tamaño, Rusia tardaría un tiempo en militarizar y desplegar sus fuerzas en la frontera, por lo que su plan consistía en una invasión veloz de Francia, destruyendo sus defensas en los primeros días y capturando París en unos meses, sacando así a los franceses de la guerra. Después de su victoria en Francia, moverían todas sus tropas hacia el Este y comenzarían la guerra en Rusia.</p>



<p>Sin embargo, se enfrentaron a un desafío con este plan. La frontera que Alemania tenía con Francia había sido fuertemente fortificada por los franceses, y los alemanes creían que no podían perder tiempo destruyendo estas fortificaciones, así que planearon rodearlas a través de Bélgica. Creían que Bélgica permitiría que sus fuerzas cruzaran su territorio, pero los belgas se negaron a hacerlo, obligando a los alemanes a invadir.</p>



<p>Esta invasión de Bélgica por parte de Alemania enfureció al público, ya que estaban atacando a naciones neutrales que no tenían nada que ver con este conflicto. Sin mencionar que los alemanes cometieron atrocidades una vez que entraron en Bélgica. Esto enfureció al público británico lo suficiente como para que rompieran su neutralidad y declararán guerra a las Potencias Centrales (salvo Italia, ya que ellos tenían una mentalidad neutral sobre esta guerra), enviando sus tropas a Francia en solo unas semanas, y mientras tanto, Rusia había tenido tiempo suficiente para militarizarse y comenzar su guerra. Los alemanes tomaron el control de la mayor parte de Bélgica y el norte de Francia, pero con la entrada de las tropas británicas y rusas en la lucha, la guerra se convirtió en un estancamiento. Para evitar perder territorio, los alemanes se atrincheraron en posiciones defensivas, la entente hizo lo mismo. Con esto, comenzó la brutal Guerra de Trincheras que todos conocemos como la Primera Guerra Mundial. Con la entrada de los otomanos en octubre del mismo año y el cambio de bando de los italianos, que se unieron a favor de la Entente en mayo de 1915. Esta guerra acabaría reclamando la vida de 40 millones de personas y se convertiría en el conflicto más sangriento del mundo, antes de ser superada por la Segunda Guerra Mundial dos décadas después</p>
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		<title>Before The Great War</title>
		<link>https://povsite.com/2025/01/04/before-the-great-war/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Francisco Campuzano Garcia]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Jan 2025 00:39:43 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Historia Mundial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Before WWI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Balkans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WWI]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[WWI is one of the first "modern wars" there ever was. For a while it took place as the deadliest conflict in all of human history. But why was that? What caused such a brutal conflict that would end up dictating how the future world would be?]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><strong>By: Francisco Campuzano García</strong></p>



<p><strong>The origins of World War I present a complex web of international relations, diplomatic tensions, and competing national interests that, while different from WWIIs more straightforward causes, reflect the intricate nature of early 20th.century European politics. To understand this better there are some details that need to be corrected, so that the Great War can become easier to digest. &nbsp;</strong></p>



<p><strong>In the beginning of the 20th century, tensions in Europe were at an all-time high, as it had been almost 50 years since the last multi nationwide conflict in Europe, (in this case I&#8217;m referring to the Crimea War in the 1850s) and the last war in Western Europe had been the Franco-Prussian War, an armed conflict that changed the world stage with the birth of a new and powerful empire. After the unification of Germany and the Franco-Prussian war, Kaiser William I, and the Minister President Otto Von Bismarck understood that the new German Empire was in a complicated geographical and international situation. They had just humiliated the French, who at the time were the second world superpower. They understood that if they wanted to survive, they would need allies. So, in 1882; Germany, Austria and Italy signed the Central Powers alliance. It was formed on the historic ties Prussia and Austria had through out the last five hundred years and the religious ties they all held with Italy, (another young nation that had been born after the first and second Italian independence war).</strong></p>



<p><strong>This military alliance worried the rest of Europe, specifically France, as they now understood that if war broke out between the two powers, Germany would have further chance of victory by the support it would get from its allies. To counterbalance this new power, the French signed a military alliance with Tsar Nicholas II, the Emperor of Russia. With this new ally, the French now could encircle the Central Powers, putting them in a two-front war. Furthermore, in 1904 the French and the English decided to end their rivalry and create a future for diplomatic cooperation against German influence. Non the less, this decision that came to be called <em>The Entente Cordiale</em>wasn&#8217;t an alliance between the two powers, as they still had differences and the British did not want to be included in the alliance the French had formed with the Russians, but it was a start. These new alliances kept the world at peace, as they understood that the next war to break out wouldn&#8217;t be a quick one. </strong></p>


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<p><strong>Yet, it also grew tensions and resentment towards each other, a great example of this is the south-eastern region of Europe, the Balkans.  </strong></p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
<p><strong>I will always fight for peace. But, unfortunately, it is war that drives us forward. It is war that makes the major turns. It makes Wall Street function; it makes all the bastards in the Balkans function.</strong></p>



<p><strong><em><u>Emir Kusturica</u></em></strong></p>
</blockquote>



<p><strong>The Balkans, a strategically crucial region in southeastern Europe, represented a critical flashpoint in pre-war European politics. The Balkans are a very complicated region, as it is a multi-ethnic region that has mostly been under the rule of one empire trying to keep itself together. In the 19th century the Ottoman Empire, which had controlled this region for centuries, started to lose control over it, thus many territories of this region like Rumania, Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece were able to declare independence from them. With the beginning of the 20th&nbsp;century, the Austrian and Russian Empires were looking to grow their influence and control over this region. Trying to keep the Austrians out, the Russians allied with the Serbs. Yet, in 1908 the Austrians annexed the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, land that was part of the Ottoman Empire but had many ethnic Serbs living in it. This angered the Serbian government, but not as much as it angered a terrorist group inside Serbia called&nbsp;<em>The Black Hand.</em>&nbsp;They were outrage by this &#8220;invasion&#8221; and decided to start giving anti Austrian propaganda in the city of Sarajevo.</strong></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" width="732" height="720" data-attachment-id="33" data-permalink="https://povsite.com/2025/01/04/before-the-great-war/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4/" data-orig-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4.jpg" data-orig-size="732,720" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="aALNZhf-cj9im0-4" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4.jpg?w=732" src="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4.jpg?w=732" alt="" class="wp-image-33" srcset="https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4.jpg 732w, https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4.jpg?w=150 150w, https://povsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/aalnzhf-cj9im0-4.jpg?w=300 300w" sizes="(max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px" /></figure>



<p><strong>After the Serbian victory in the first and second Balkan War, the Serbian nationalist move only kept growing and growing. It got to point in which&nbsp;<em>The Black Hand&nbsp;</em>practically controlled their government, and they began to plan out ideas to destroy the Habsbourg empire. At the same time, archduke of the Austria, Franz Ferdinand decided to take a trip into Sarajevo to try and establish their power. When this news hit&nbsp;<em>The Black Hand</em>, they began to plan their plot to assassinate him. So, on June 28th 1914 archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a member of&nbsp;<em>The Black Hand&nbsp;</em>named Gavrilo Princip.</strong></p>



<p><strong>Following Franz Ferdinads’s assassination, Austria-Hungary issued Serbia an ultimatum on July 23, 1914, containing ten specific demands designed to be intentionally unacceptable, including the desolation and suppression of anti-Austrian publications ad the participation of Austrian officials in Serbian judicial proceedings. The demands that Austria gave Serbia were considered as outrageous by the Serbian government. With that stated, Austria declared war on Serbia. With that stated, the Russians declared war on the Austrians, to defend their ally the Germans declared war on the Russians and to counter balance the French declared war on them.</strong></p>



<p><strong>While the initial declaration of war set the conflict in motion, several crucial developments would transform this European conflict into the global catastrophe that would become known as World War I. For starters; the British haven&#8217;t joined the war in the favor of the entente. As a matter of fact, the British planned to stay neutral in the war, as its citizens had been forming a more pacifist mind set and beloved that joining the war wasn&#8217;t what was best for their country, not to mention they didn&#8217;t even have a complete alliance with the entente, so there was no reason for them to join. Until the Germans invaded. The Germans understood that their ally Austria wouldn&#8217;t be much of a help in this new war, not to mention they didn&#8217;t even have a border with the west. To confront this odds the Germans came up with a plan to make sure they could come out victorious. German military strategists understood that because of its massive size, Russia would take a while to militarize and deploy their forces to the border, so their plan consisted in a lightning-speed invasion of France, destroying their defenses in the firsts days and capturing Paris in some months, thus taking the French out of the war. After their victory in France, they would move all their troops to the East and start the warfare in Russia.</strong></p>



<p><strong>Yet, they faced a challenge with this plan. The border Germany had with France had been strongly fortified by the French, and the Germans believed they couldn&#8217;t waste time destroying this fortifications, so they planned to go around them through Belgium. They believed Belgium would allow their forces to cross their land, yet the Belgians refused to do so, forcing the Germans to invade.</strong></p>



<p><strong>This invasion of Belgium by Germany angered the public, as they were attacking g neutral nations that had nothing to do with this. Not to mention that the Germans committed atrocities once they entered Belgium. This angered the British public enough for them to break their neutrality and send their troops to France, and in the mean time Russia had had enough time to militarize and start their war. The Germans took control of most of Belgium and northern France, but with the entrance of British troops into the fighting the war grew into a stand-still. To void loosing territory the Germans dug into defensive positions, the entente did the same. With this, the brutal Trench War we all know as WWI began. With the entrance of the Ottomans in October of the same year and the Italians changing sides and joining in favor of the entente in May of 1915. This war would go on to claim the lives of 40 million people and become the world most bloody conflict, before being surpassed by WWII two decades later.</strong></p>
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