The latest images, videos, and other online learning content from FrontalCortex.com. FrontalCortex.com is a free website dedicated to neurology education. http://FrontalCortex.com en-us http://FrontalCortex.com https://FrontalCortex.com/images/logo_small.gif An introduction to the cranial nerves https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2419 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2419 A tutorial on the arterial and venous supply of the brain. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2415 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2415 An introductory overview of the brainstem. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2418 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2418 An introduction to the structures that comprise the basal ganglia, and to the surrounding tissues https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2413 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2413 An introduction to the thalamus and structures around it. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2412 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2412 A discussion of the structure and function of the ventricles and CSF. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2414 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2414 The brain is a complex 3-dimensional object. To gain an understanding of its anatomy, it is necessary to be able to recognize its various structures from different points of view. This section will also serve as an introduction to many important landmarks in the brain. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2411 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2411 An introduction to the anatomy of the human brain and brainstem. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2328 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2328 Overview of the human brain, and a look at its surface anatomy https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2471 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2471 The unnecessarily large green arrow points to white matter tracts in this horizontal section of human brain. White matter consists mostly of axons, with few neuron cell bodies. The myelin surrounding the axons gives it the white appearance. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2470 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2470 The structure outlined in green is a gyrus. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2469 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2469 The cells that make up our bodies have electrical potential. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2443 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2443 Neurons communicate with other cells, usually via chemical signals. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2448 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2448 Muscle fibers also have action potentials, and they result in mechanical contraction of the muscle fiber. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2447 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2447 Neurons can actively change the electrical potential across their membranes. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2446 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2446 Our nerve cells are wires. Made of meat. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2445 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2445 An introduction to the origin of the resting membrane potential. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2444 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2444 An illustration of the action of the sodium-potassium ATPase. This transmembane protein uses energy captured from the breakdown of ATP to maintain the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. For every ATP consumed, 3 sodium ions are pumped out of the cell, and 2 potassium ions pumped into the cell. Public domain image created by wikimedia commons user LadyofHats. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Scheme_sodium-potassium_pump-en.svg https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2468 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2468 The Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2467 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2467 Applying the Nernst equation to potassium. https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2466 https://FrontalCortex.com/?page=oll&topic=24&qid=2466