Mechanical Equipments and it's Uses,LATEST VACCANCIES

Urgent Job Opening

2023-12-26T22:47:00.000+05:30

🌟 Urgent Job Opening 🌟

Oxygen Plant Head GM/DGM Position at Jai Balaji Industries, Durgapur. Interested candidates, please share your profile at Email: rajiv.sharma@jaibalajigroup.com📱 Mobile: 9938371119"

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Why filter press used in water treatment plants.?

2020-11-18T20:29:00.000+05:30

Why filter press used in water treatment plants.?

A filter press could be a reasonably mechanical equipments that's used for the aim of separating solids from liquids.

There area unit differing types of filter presses obtainable within the market, every having its own use.

Filter presses area unit wide used for variety of commercial applications, like organic compound industries, industrial laundries and removal of textile wastes.

they're conjointly extensively utilised in water treatment plants for the purification of water.

A filter press helps within the separation of solid wastes from liquids by lowering the burden and bulk of the waste materials.

throughout operation, a pump is employed to method the suspension to a filter press. This suspension then passes through a series of chambers among the filter press, finally starting because the filtered liquid whereas forsaking all the solid waste matters.

The solid wastes that area unit extracted by the filter press area unit brought up as filter cakes.

These machines area unit created of vertical recessed plates that area unit organized by aspect that presses against one another by the hydraulic jacks that area unit gift at the top of this set.

The joint faces of the filtering plate must face up to chamber internal pressure that's created by sludge pumping mechanism.

The vertical plate layout provides rise to watertight filtration chambers that create it straight forward for the filter cakes to be discharged. Tightly organized filter garments area unit utilised in the two grooved surfaces among the plates.

The screw pump presents the sludge that's to be filtered with pressure within the chamber dedicated for filtration.

This solid sludge gets accumulated in filtration chamber till the formation of the ultimate compact cake.

Finally, the filter cake is then discharged by filter press at a later stage. Filtrate is then collected within the back of filtration support, that is then removed away by the interior ducts.

Filter presses area unit wide utilised in water treatment plants. business water treatment plants that aim to purify waste water use these devices to separate the liquid water from its solid wastes.

The water is responded to a filter press that helps within the removal of assorted detritus, dirt and different particles like plastic, wood, rags, seeds, gravel, sand and dirt.

Then the effluent is far from these filter presses and processed any for extra purification.

Filter presses kind an important a part of business water treatment plants as in they assist throughout the first stage of water purification.

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Definition of a gear and describe mainly 6 types of gears.

2020-11-18T20:28:00.001+05:30

Definition of a gear and describe mainly 6 types of gears.

What is a gear ?

A gear is a mechanical element in which teeth are cut around cylindrical or cone shaped surfaces with equal spacing. By meshing a pair of those equipment, they're wont to transmit rotations and forces from the driving shaft to the driven shaft.

Gears are wheels with teeth and are sometimes called toothed wheels.

Gears are mechanical components that transmit rotation and power from one shaft to a special , if each shaft possesses appropriately shaped projections (teeth) equally spaced around its circumference such that because it rotates, the successive tooth goes into the space between the teeth of the opposite shaft. Thus, it's a machine component during which the rotary power is transmitted by the prime mover’s tooth surface pushing the tooth surface of the driven shaft. As an extreme case, when one side may be a linear motion (this is often thought as rotational motion around an infinite point), it's called a rack.

Types of gears

1. Spur gears

2.Helical gears

3.Gear rack

4.Bevel gears

5.Worm gear.

6.Internal gear

1.Spur Gear

Gears having cylindrical pitch surfaces are called cylindrical gears. Spur gears belong to the parallel shaft gear group and are cylindrical gears with a tooth line which is straight and parallel to the shaft. Spur gears are the foremost widely used gears which will achieve high accuracy with relatively easy production processes. they need the characteristic of getting no load within the axial direction (thrust load). The larger of the meshing pair is named the gear and smaller is named the pinion.

2.Helical Gear

Helical gears are used with parallel shafts almost like spur gears and are cylindrical gears with winding tooth lines. they need better teeth meshing than spur gears and have superior quietness and may transmit higher loads, making them suitable for top speed applications.

When using helical gears, they create thrust force within the axial direction, necessitating the utilisation of thrust bearings. Helical gears accompany right and left twist requiring opposite hand gears for a meshing pair.

3.Gear Rack

Same sized and shaped teeth cut at equal distances along a flat surface or a straight rod is named a gear rack. A gear rack may be a cylindrical gear with the radius of the pitch cylinder being infinite. By meshing with a cylindrical gear pinion, it converts rotational motion into linear motion. Gear racks are often broadly divided into straight tooth racks and helical tooth racks, but both have straight tooth lines. By machining the ends of drugs racks, it's possible to attach gear racks end to finish .

4.Bevel Gear

Bevel gears have a cone shaped appearance and are wont to transmit force between two shafts which intersect at one point (intersecting shafts). A pinion and crown wheel features a cone as its pitch surface and its teeth are cut along the cone. sorts of bevel gears include straight bevel gears, helical bevel gears, spiral bevel gears, miter gears, angular bevel gears, crown gears, zerol bevel gears and hypoid gears.

i.Spiral pinion and crown wheel

Spiral bevel gears are bevel gears with curved tooth lines. thanks to higher tooth contact ratio, they're superior to straight bevel gears in efficiency, strength, vibration and noise. On the opposite hand, they're harder to supply . Also, because the teeth are curved, they cause thrust forces within the axial direction. Within the spiral bevel gears, the one with the zero twisting angle is named zerol pinion and crown wheel .

ii.Screw Gear

Screw gears are a pair of same hand helical gears with the twist angle of 45° on non-parallel, non-intersecting shafts. Because the tooth contact may be a point, their load carrying capacity is low and that they aren't suitable for giant power transmission. Since power is transmitted by the sliding of the tooth surfaces, it's necessary to concentrate on lubrication when using screw gears. There are not any restrictions as far as the combinations of the number of teeth.

iii.Miter Gear

Miter gears are bevel gears with a speed ratio of 1. they're want to change the direction of power transmission without changing speed. There are straight miter and spiral miter gears. When using the spiral miter gears it becomes necessary to think about using thrust bearings since they produce thrust force within the axial direction. Besides the standard miter gears with 90° shaft angles, miter gears with the other shaft angles are called angular miter gears.

5.Worm Gear

A screw shape cut on a shaft is the worm, the mating gear is that gear , and together on non-intersecting shafts is named a gear . Worms and worm wheels aren't limited to cylindrical shapes. there's the hour-glass type which may increase the contact ratio, but production becomes harder . thanks to the sliding contact of the gear surfaces, it's necessary to scale back friction. For this reason, generally a tough material is employed for the worm, and a soft material is employed for gear . albeit the efficiency is low thanks to the sliding contact, the rotation is smooth and quiet. When the lead angle of the worm is little , it creates a self-locking feature.

6.Internal gears

Internal gears have teeth cut on the within of cylinders or cones and are paired with external gears. The most use of internal gears are for epicyclic gear drives and kit type shaft couplings. There are limitations within the number of teeth differences between internal and external gears thanks to involute interference, trochoid interference and trimming problems. The rotational directions of the interior and external gears in mesh are an equivalent while they're opposite when two external gears are in mesh.

The simplest and most ordinarily used gears are called spur gears .

Spur gears are one sort of cylindrical gear.

Thanks for reading.

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15.Best steps for cleaning and refitting carburettor.

2020-11-04T07:33:00.000+05:30

15.Best steps for cleaning and refitting carburettor.. Hello friends,

Welcome to my blog "GENERAL MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS AND ITS USES."

Friends today we'll mention the 15.Best steps for cleaning and refitting the carburettor.

15.Best steps for cleaning and refitting carburettor

But before cleaning a carburettor we should always know about the carburettor.

What is a carburettor?

Carburettor is a device which controls the flow of air and fuel into your engine.

its purely mechanical equipment

A simple carburettor which consists of a float chamber,fuel discharge nozzle , a venturi, a accelerator and a choke

The carburettor plays an important part within the mixture of fuel and air that goes into an engine and was frequently used on older cars before the creation of fuel injection system systems . In fact, carburettors are still common on many motorcycles, scooters, and even lawnmowers, especially two-stroke engines.

1.The first step in carburettor cleaning involves actually removing the carburettor from the engine. disconnecting the fuel lines, engine manifold , and throttle cables.

2.The carburettor also must be loosened from its engine connection also , which usually involves being bolted down.

3.Once loose and free, the carburettor can then be removed and placed during a metal pan. This mundane step is critical because it's probably the simplest thanks to confirm none of the carburettor parts stray on a workbench when cleaning.

4.The entire carburettor assembly should be sprayed down with carb cleaner to get rid of external grime. Placing the assembly over a towel will catch the excess spray so it doesn't spill everywhere the work area.

5.The assembly can then be carefully separated and deconstructed with spanners and screwdrivers until each part is free and clear.

6.Every part should be carefully sprayed with carb cleaner or an identical solvent to scrub off all dirt and grit.

7.The jet assemblies inside the carburettor should be carefully removed and cleaned out also .

8. Then the disassembled parts should be left to air dry in a neighborhood where solvent gases can't build up. This is often important as solvents tend to be flammable, especially confined areas.

9.While cleaning the carburettor parts, old gasket material should be carefully removed. If scraping is important , use a plastic scraper in the least time.

te closely to prevent air leaks, maintaining the surfaces in fitness is critical.

10.As the cleaned parts are reassembled, follow a diagram or assembly manual for the vehicle worked on, new gaskets and o-rings should be utilised in the reassembly.

in the least times the parts should be kept during a pan container so nothing gets lost.

11.Once the assembly is complete, an individual should re-evaluate everything to form sure no parts are overlooked .

12. Once comfortable with an entire assembly, the cleaned carburettor can then be carefully installed back within the vehicle.

13.the mounting or bolting should be performed to lock the carburettor in situ .

14.Then the gas line , manifold and throttle cables are often re-connected.

15.The engine will have to be pumped with the choke to prime it and rough starting is often expected initially until the carburettor starts working again. Some tuning could also be required also to urge the engine idle to idle correctly again.

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How many types of valve used in pipe line?

2020-10-16T11:33:00.000+05:30

9 Types of valve used in piping

Hello friends,

Welcome to my blog prakashtechmech today we learn about

9types of valves that are used in piping.

• Gate Valve

• Globe Valve

• Check Valve

• Plug valve

• Ball Valve

• Butterfly Valve

• Needle Valve

• Pinch Valve and

• Pressure Relief Valve

At first

What is Valve?

A valve is a device that regulates, controls or directs the flow of a fluid by opening, closing, or partially obstructing fluid flow. Basically it controls flow & pressure.

Different types of valves are used to serve these functions.

Let’s start with

Gate valve

Gate valve is the most common type of valve in any process plant. It is a linear motion valve used to start or stop fluid flow. In service, these valves are either in fully open or fully closed position. Gate valves are used in almost all fluid services such as air, fuel gas, feed water, steam, lube oil, hydrocarbon, and almost any service. Gate valve provides a good shutoff.

Globe Valve

Globe valve is used to stop, start, and regulate the fluid flow. Globe Valves are used in the systems where flow control is required and leak tightness is also necessary. Globe valve provides better shut off as compared to gate valve and it is costlier than gate valve.

Check Valve

The check valve prevents back flow in the piping system. The pressure of the fluid passing through a pipeline opens the valve, while any reversal of flow will close the valve.

Plug valve

Plug valve is Quarter-turn rotary motion Valve that uses a tapered or cylindrical plug to stop or start the flow. The disk is in plug shape, which has a passage to pass the flow. Plug valve used as on-off stop valves and capable of providing bubble tight shut off. Plug valve can be used in vacuum to high-pressure & temperature applications

Ball Valve

A Ball valve is a quarter-turn rotary motion valve that uses a ball-shaped disk to stop or start the flow. Most ball valves are of the quick-acting type,which requires a 90° turn of the valve handle to operate the valve. The ball valve is Smaller and lighter than a gate valve of the same size and rating.

Butterfly Valve

A Butterfly valve is a quarter-turn rotary motion valve that is used to stop, regulate,and start the flow. Butterfly valve has a short circular body. Butterfly Valve is suitable for large valve applications due to Compact, lightweight design that requires considerably less space, as compared to other valves.

Needle Valve

Needle valves are similar to a globe valve in design with the biggest difference being the sharp needle like a disk. Needle valves are designed to give very accurate control of flow in small diameter piping systems. They get their name from their sharp-pointed conical disc and matching seat.

Pinch Valve

The pinch valve is also known as clamp valve. It is a linear motion valve. Used to start, regulate, and stop fluid flow. It uses a rubber tube, also known as a pinch tube and a pinch mechanism to control the fluid. Pinch Valve is ideally suited for the handling of slurries, liquids with large amounts of suspended solids, and systems that convey solid material pneumatically.

Pressure Relief Valve

A pressure Relief valve or pressure safety valve are used to protect equipment or piping systems during an overpressure event or in the event of vacuum. This valve releases the pressure or vacuum at predefined set pressure.

Thankyou

See you soon goodbye take care.

What can you remember before purchasing a cordless drill machine

2020-10-16T11:32:00.001+05:30

What can you remember before purchasing a cordless drill machine

Hello friends,

Today we talk about cordless drill.drill machine is very essential for house with the help of this we can do many things by yourself.

Cordless drill is used to create a hole for building or construction purposes.

Drilling is better than hammering or rotary form of movement that drives the metal tip or edges through the material.

Cord less drill machine is just like a normal drill machine , the design and function hasn’t changed much the power has, with batteries becoming more powerful and more affordable .

The cordless drill runs through re-chargeable batteries with long-lasting power.

cordless drill can help in many ways and It works as a multi-purpose tool.

Some of the uses of cordless drills are

1. The screwdriver can be replaced

2. On concrete walls

3. Pilot holes e.t.c

These days, it’s not just the professional contractors who need a secure and powerful cordless drill, but as well the common handyman and homeowner.

Cordless drills have come to be a involved aid in most households and workshops. Choosing the better cordless drill is formidable though! They make it a world of various shapes, prices and sizes, and it may be a bit complicated to choose the finest one for your exact needs.

Hopefully, at the close of this column, you'll have a considerably easier time picking out your appropriate cordless drill.

1. First Things First

The first basic thing you need to clear up is just how you are going to make use of your cordless drill. Some are light, some are actually heavy. If you are doing heavy construction you may call for a drill that is a little heavy and can carry out the tougher jobs. If you're at work on a home assignment or doing light manufacturing project, then a lighter cordless drill could also be admissible.

2. How Much To Spend

How much cash you choose to buy it. Remember, you get what you buy and as far as you're getting to be counting on a cordless drill to hold out jobs on schedule, you need to be sure you have a credible drill. You can find ample cordless drills in double and triple figures. Of course, your funds are going to be different if you're a career builder or simply a home-owner at work on a DIY project.

3. What Features Do You Want

The certain features you're getting to desire in your cordless drill. You might desire one that will fit into close spaces and one that will be well-suited to handle heavy duty drilling. Based on this stuff , be watchful for a drill which will especially perform heavier jobs, or one that has a simple to angle head.

4. Battery Buying

And now on to one of the altogether frustrating aspects concerning owning a power tool; batteries and chargers.

two types of batteries used in cordless drills arrive with, Ni-Cd and Li-Ion.

There are a batch of other types of batteries, although these are the two most commonly known. The biggest selling feature of the Li-Ion is that the longer battery life.

This is something that actually pushes people towards that brand of battery. It’s also optimal to look at a cordless tool that features a battery that's not getting to be ancient within the close future. This happens a lot as batteries tend to get updated continually. The last thing you need is a battery that doesn’t work on your subsequent cordless drill.

5. To Sum It All Up

That’s about it! Things in touch in mind; make certain to shop for a drill that's in your selling price range, always choose the drill that's the simplest quality in your price range, and don’t cave on a drill only because it's low-priced.

More than likely, it's a nasty quality drill.

Another item in touch in mind is whether or not the drill comes with a LED light attached. It’s a newer detail that a lot of people like.

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Differentiate between Gate valve and Ball valve.

2020-10-16T11:31:00.001+05:30

Differentiate between Gate valve and Ball valve.

Ball valve

Gate valve

The gate valve has a larger body, as compared to a ball valve of the same size and rating.

The gate valve body is vertically longer due to its disc that moves vertically in the body. Whereas in the case of a ball valve, the body is horizontally longer as the ball shape disc rotates in the body. So, now on you can easily identify these types of valves in the field. On this slide, I have shown a cross-section of both valves.

The type of disc defines the types of valve in most cases.

The valve disc is the component that stops or controls the flow through the valve. Gate valve disc is a vertical and flat circular plate whereas, in the case of a ball valve, it is a spherical metal ball. I want to highlight that both the gate valve and ball valve are used as an on-off valve. That means it can be either fully open or close.

You cannot use these valves as a control valve as they are not designed for this function. If somebody is using these valves as a control valve then it is a wrong practice.

The second difference is the way these valves are open. The gate valve is a linear motion valve whereas the ball valve is a rotary motion valve.

The ball valve is a fast-acting valve as just a 90-degree turn can fully open or close the valve. In the case of the gate valve, the gate moves perpendicular to the flow of fluid, and it requires more time to open or close the valve. The stem of the gate valve is long as compared to the ball valve.

The ball is connected with the lever by a short stem. And in the case of the gate valve,

The handwheel is connected with a disc through the long threaded stem. Both these valves can be operated by a motor. Small and medium-size balls are lever operated whereas large size ball valves require a gear mechanism with handwheel due to large torque requirements.

On the other hand, gate valves are always operated through a handwheel with or without a gear mechanism depending on the size of the valve.

The next difference is the material of the valve sheets. Gate valves are available in mainly metal sheet design whereas the sheet of the ball valves can be of metal or nonmetal depending on the temperature requirement.

the multiport ball valve, ball valve offers multiple port options whereas gate valves are simple in design and always single port.

That means only one inlet and one outlet. Cost-wise, the ball valve of the same size and rating will be costlier as compared to the gate valve. There are the main differences between the gate valve and the ball valve .

Both gate and ball valves are the right choices for positive isolation. The ball valve offers a little superior shut off as compared to the gate valve due to soft sheet design.

Choosing the correct valve for your service depends on many factors. Such as cost, fluid of the service, temperature,pressure, life cycle of the plant.

See you soon. Goodbye, take care.

What is a hydraulic jack?What are it's specification

2020-10-16T11:30:00.000+05:30

What is a hydraulic jack?

A hydraulic jack is a device that is used to lift heavy loads by applying a force via a hydraulic cylinder. Hydraulic jacks lift loads using the force created by the pressure in the cylinder chamber.

A jack, or hydraulic car jack, is a device that uses force to lift heavy loads. The primary mechanism by which force is applied varies, depending on the specific tools.

It is a lifting, or jacking device that uses a pump to inject hydraulic oil into a cylinder to lift the load on the jack. Hydraulics allows a lesser effort to inject the oil that then applies the generated pressure to a larger piston, effectively multiplying the low effort of injecting the oil to the larger effort of lifting the load. Of course, it takes more “injections” of oil to move the piston a smaller amount.

ABS Gulf’s ENPOS offers 8 models of innovative and powerful Hydraulic Jacks for heavy lifting applications in various industrial segments.

Single Acting Cylinder – ESR Series

Features

Capacity: 5 -300 ton

Stroke: 50-250 mm

Maximum pressure: 700 bar

Single action type & spring return type

Coupler port: PT 3/8

Collar designed to maintain full power

Double acting cylinder – EDR series

Features

Capacity: 10 -300 ton

Stroke: 150-300 mn

Maximum pressure: 700 bar

Double acting type & Hydraulic return type

Coupler port: PT 3/8

Collar designed to maintain full power

Capacity: 10 -300 ton

Aluminum cylinder – ESRA series

Features

Capacity: 5-100 tons

Stroke: 50-250 mm

Maximum pressure: 700 bar

Single action type & spring return type

Coupler port: PT 3/8

Jig/ Compact Cylinder – ELPR/ ECPR Series

Features

Capacity: 5 – 150 ton

Stroke: 6 to 30 mm

Maximum pressure: 700 bar

Reciprocating pump full details and comparison with centrifugal pump.

2020-08-17T15:50:00.003+05:30

Reciprocating pump

full details and

comparison with

centrifugal pump.

RECIPROCATING PUMPS

1. What is a reciprocating pump ?

2.main parts of reciprocating pumps.

3. Working of reciprocating pumps.

4. Classification of reciprocating pumps.

5 use of air vessels in reciprocating pump

6. Difference between centrifugal and reciprocating pump

7.Applications of reciprocating pumps.

8.Benefits of reciprocating pumps.

9.drawbacks of reciprocating pump.

10.conclusion.

What is a reciprocating pump ?

If the mechanical mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy (or pressure energy) by suction of fluid into cylinder in which a piston is reciprocating (moving backwards and forwards) which exerts The thrust on the liquid and increases its hydraulic energy (pressure energy) the pump is known as reciprocating pump.

2.main parts of reciprocating pumps.

i ). A cylinder with piston,piston rod,connecting rod and a crank .

ii).Suction pipe

iii).Delivery pipe

iv).Suction valve

v).Delivery valve

Sketch

3.Working of Reciprocating pump

Single action reciprocating pump ,which consists of a piston which moves forward and backward in a close fitting cylinder. The movement of the piston is obtained by connecting the Piston rod to the crank by means of a connecting rod . The crank is rotated by means of an electric motor. Suction and delivery pipes with suction valves and delivery valves are connected to the cylinder .The suction and delivery valves are connected to the cylinder and these valves are one-way valves are non-return valves which allow the water to flow in One Direction only.

4.Classification of Reciprocating pumps

The Reciprocating pumps may be classified as

1.According to the water being in contact with one side or both sides of the piston.

2.According to the number of cylinders provided.

A.single cylinder pump

B.Double cylinder pump

C.Triple cylinder pump

3.According to the contact of water is:

A.single acting pump

B.double acting pump.

5.Use of air vessels in Reciprocating pumps.

An air vessel is a closed chamber containing compressed air in the top portion and liquid (or water ) at the bottom of the chamber . At the base of the chamber there is an opening through which the liquid (or water ) may flow into the vessel or out from the vessel . when the liquid enters the air vessels, the air gets compressed further and when the liquid flows out the vessel, the air will expand in the chamber

An Air vessel is fitted to the suction Pipe and to the delivery type at a point close to the cylinder of a single acting reciprocating pump:

1. To obtain a continuously supply of liquid at a uniform rate

2.To save a considerable amount of work in overcoming the frictional resistance in the suction and delivery pipe.

3.To run the pump at high speed without separation.

6.Difference between centrifugal and Reciprocating pump.

S.No.	CENTRIFUGAL PUMP	RECIPROCATING PUMP
1.	It's speed is high	This is low speed pump.
2.	It has lower efficiency at high heads and greater efficiency at low heads.	It has lower efficiency at smaller heads and high efficiency at higher heads..
3.	It is suitable for low head and large discharge.	It is suitable for creating higher heads and smaller discharge.
4.	It can pump dirty water also.	It can pump clear water only
5.	It is compact and occupies less space	This requires more space..
6.	It's initial cost is less.	It's initial cost is high..
7.	It's maintenance cost is less.	Maintenance cost is more due to wear and tear
8.	Needs priming.	Does not need priming.
9.	Air vessels are not required.	Air vessels are required.
10.	Operation is quite simple.	Much more required in operation

7.Applications of reciprocating pumps

Piston pump,bucket pump,plunger pump all are reciprocating pump.

1)The lubricating pump could also be a reciprocating pump and it supplies the lubrication oil to the foremost engine.

2)Main pump is additionally a reciprocating pump.

3)For ballast they're sometimes used.

8.Benefits of reciprocating pumps.

1)Gives high at outlet.

2)Gives high suction lift.

3)Priming isn't required during this pump.

4)They are used for air also.

9.drawbacks of reciprocating pump

1)High wear and tear, so requires tons maintenance.

2)The flow isn't uniform, so we've to suit a bottle at both ends.

3)The flow is extremely less and cannot be used for top flow operations.

4)More heavy and hulking in shape.

5)Initial cost is far more during this pump.

10.conclusion

There is little question that these pumps are best when it involves providing us with high . But as we have seen that there are many maintenances which are required during this pump. So we'll say these pumps are utilised in places where there is a selected purpose for them to be used. So this was all about the reciprocating pump.

Thanks for reading .Friends if you have any query comment me.and please subscribe my blog for latest update. Good bye see you soon

What is water pump? Types of water pumps,Classifications and working with sketch.

2020-08-03T13:29:00.007+05:30

What is water pumps?
Types of water pumps,Classifications and working with sketch

What is a water pump ?

A water pump is the hydraulic machine which converts the

mechanical energy into hydraulic energy are called pumps:

hydraulic energy is in the form of pressure energy.

classification of water pumps.

Water Pumps are classified as

follows:

(i) As per Casing of Pump:

(a) vortex pump,

(b) volute pump,

(ii) As per (no.) of Impellers

(a) single stage pump,

(b) two stage pump,

(iii) As per Direction of Flow in Impeller :

(a) radial flow pump,

(b) mixed flow pump,

(iv) As per Position of Shaft:

(a) horizontal

type,

(b) vertical type.

(V).As per range of working head

(a)Low head pumps (up to 15mtr)

(b) medium head from (15 to 40 mtr.)

. Mainly water pump are two types 1.Reciprocating pump

2. Dynamic Pressure Pump

In reciprocating pump-

Piston pump ,Plunger pump, Bucket pump and

In dynamic Pressure Pump centrifugal pump, propeller pump semi propeller pump

centrifugal pump are two types 1.Turbine pump

2.Volute pump

Types of centrifugal pumps

centrifugal pumps are divided mainly into two categories according to the type of casing provided

i . volute pumps

ii. diffuser or turbine pumps

pumps are often further classified as single suction or double suction pumps according to whether the impeller receives water on one side or on both sides.

Functions of centrifugal water pumps

A pump is a device which converts the mechanical energy into hydraulic energy if the mechanical energy is converted into pressure energy by means of centrifugal force acting on the fluid the hydraulic machine is called the centrifugal pump

The main components of a centrifugal pump are:

Impeller
Casing
Suction pipe with footvalve and strainer
Delivery pipe

1.Impeller is a rotating part it has number of backward curved vanes impeller through the water away from the axis of rotation this creates pressure head in the casing

2.Casing is a type passage surrounding the impeller which prevents the flow of water outside and pressure head is maintained

3.Suction with foot valve and strainer and foot to wall is carried two of the pump the function of football is to share as a non return valve and the function of strainer is to filter the water

4.delivery pipe is connected at the outlet of the pump and delivers water to the required points . A delivery valve is fitted to it for regulating the flow of water through it.

working of centrifugal pump

The pump must be Primed before starting . After the pump is primed the delivery valve is kept closed and the motor is started to rotate the impeller. The rotation of the impeller causes strong suction or vacuum just at the eye of the casing. The speed is gradually increased till the impeller rotates at its normal Speed . The delivery valve is now opened. The liquid passes through the eye of the casing and enters the impeller at its centre and is impelled out into the casing. With the help of casing the velocity head is converted into a pressure head. Due to pressure created water can be supplied upto to the desired point.

What is an air compressors ,types,working and applications ?

2020-08-02T05:13:00.041+05:30

What is an air compressor ?

Air compressor is a device which takes air in or gas in during suction stroke at low pressure and then compresses it to high pressure .

For compression external work must be supplied to the compressor .compressed air or gas can be stored in a storage tank or receiver

Classification of reciprocating air compressor is as follows

1.on the basis of number on cylinders

A.Single stage air compressor

B.Multi stage air compressors

2. On the basis of capacity

A. Low capacity compressor B.Medium ke Prati compressor C.High capacity compressors

3. on the basis of process

A.single acting air compressor B.double acting air compressor

4.on the basis of cooling used:

A.Air cooled compressors

B. Water cooled compressors

5. On the basis of power source used :

A.Electric motor driven compressor

2.steam engine driven compressors

3.IC engine driven compressors 4.turbine driven compressors

Functional difference between single acting and double acting air compressor

In a single acting air compressor the suction, compression and delivery of air takes place on one side of the Piston .Such compressors are having one delivery stroke per revolution of the crankshaft.

Double acting reciprocating air compressor the suction compression and delivery of the air take place both sides of the Piston .Such compressors would have two delivery strokes per revolution of the crankshaft.

Working of a single acting air reciprocating air compressor

Single acting air compressor looks like a I.C.engine, having one cylinder ,Piston ,inlet and outlet valve. the construction of a single acting reciprocating air compressor is shown in the figure

When Piston moves in the downward direction ,the pressure inside the cylinder Falls below the atmospheric pressure and inlet valve opens air is drawn into the cylinder until Piston reach to the bottom dead centre position .as the Piston starts moving in the upwards direction inlet valve closes and the air inside the cylinder is compressed until the pressure becomes greater than delivery pressure .then the delivery valve gets open and the air goes to Storage tank or receiver .at the end of delivery stroke small volume of high pressure air remains in the clearance volume .as the next suction stroke takes place this high pressure air expand until the pressure Falls below the atmospheric pressure .again inlet valve opens and fresh air is drawn into the cylinder.

Applications of air compressor

1 .in the Coal Mines where the use of electric motor or IC engines are prohibited due to the possibility of fire air compressors are used for driving machines drilling Rig

2.for proper combustion of fuel in the furniture compressed air is required which is supplied by the compressor .

3.compressors are used in spray painting .

4.pneumatic hammer, pneumatic lift ,Pneumatic Brakes are operated by compressed air.

5 in gas turbine power plant compressed air is necessary for combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber

You can also read

https://prakashtechmech.blogspot.com/2020/08/babcock-wilcox-water-tube-boiler.html

Hydraulic-pump

Babcock Wilcox water tube boiler and it's working and neat and clear sketch.

2020-08-01T01:18:00.015+05:30

boilerwhat is Babcock and Wilcox water tube boiler and its working.mechanical equipments

Babcock and Wilcox water-tube boiler

is a conventional and simple water tube boiler of old design.

This boiler has three main parts.

Steam and water drum,

watertubes and furnace.

Below the drum are arranged water tubes.

These tubes are connected with each other and with the drum by vertical

passages called headers.

The downside header is joined at the bottom to a mud box

which has blow-off cock.additional set of tube of shape are fixed

horizontally between the drum and water tube called super-heater

tubes.

#boilersThe entire boiler, with all necessary mountings is suspended

by steel slings from steel girders on steel columns, so that the boiler

shell can expand and contact freely. Below the superheater and water tubes ,is the furnace which is mechanical stoker type,fire bricks baffles are arranged so that hot gases from the fire grate are forced to pass upward first then downwards are again upwards to heat up all the water surface before escaping to chimneys .

a damper for regulating draught is arrange in the smoke box.

a natural circulation is maintained for better heat utilisation ,water is heated in the tubes and drum and evaporated into steam collected in the drum which is then send to the superheater and taken for use from that stop valve.

when the steam is raised from cold the superheater tubes should be flooded to avoid burning .

being the old design the pressure is limited to 25 kg per CM square.

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Babcock Wilcox water tube boiler and it's working and neat and clear sketch.

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