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Meaning and Fundamental of Book-keeping class 11 Test | Bk subject maharashtra board | Get Easy sentences

2021-12-05T09:58:00.001+05:30

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Q.1 ) Fill in the blanks with correct answers. ( 5 Marks with any 5 )

1) Prepaid expenses is . . . . . . . . . . . . account.

a) Real b) Personal c) Nominal d) Income

2) Goodwill is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . asset.

a) Tangible b) Current c) an intangible d) None of these

3) Every debit has corresponding .......

a) Debit b) Credit c) Right hand side d) None of these

4) Conventional system of accounting is . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

a) English entry system b) Double entry system c) Indian system d) None of these

5) International Accounting day is observed on . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

a) 10th November b) 12th November

c) 10th December d) 15th December

6) Debit all . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and Credit all income and gains.

a) Giver b) Expenses and losses c) Goes out d) None of these

Q.2) True and false with statement ( 4 marks with any 4 )

1) Outstanding expense is nominal account.

2) Capital account is a real account.

3) Every debit has equal and corresponding credit.

4) Discount received is a nominal account.

5) Drawings account is a nominal account.

Q.3) Name the Following. ( 5 marks with any 5 )

1) Left hand side of an account.

2) The Assets which cannot be seen, touched or felt.

3) Person who invented the Double Entry System.

4) Incomplete system of recording business transactions.

5) Scientific system of recording business transactions.

6) Right hand side of an account.

Q.4) Give the accounting equation for the following transactions. ( 6 marks with 6)

1. Mr. Swaraj commenced business with Bank balance ` ₹1,10,000.

2. Purchased Furniture on credit from S.M Furniture Mart ` ₹25,000.

3. Bought goods on credit from Yuvraj ` ₹15,000.

4. Purchased Machinery ` ₹10,000.

5. Paid Electricity bill ` 3,500.

6. Goods destroyed by fire ` ₹1,500.

READ MORE : BK-class-11-test-maharashtra-board

Q.5) Prepare Chart showing Analysis of the following transaction in a Tabular form according to Modern Approach.. ( 5 marks )

1. Mr. Meghraj started business with cash ` ₹30,000.

2. Deposited cash into Bank of India ` ₹2,000.

3. Withdrew cash ` ₹1,000 for personal use.

4. Purchased goods on credit from Nilesh ` ₹2,000.

5. Cash purchases ` ₹3,000.

6. Paid Wages `₹ 400.

7. Purchase a chair for office use `₹ 3.200.

8. Sold goods to Mohan worth ` ₹1,200.

9. Withdrew Cash for Office use ` ₹3,000.

10. Sold old furniture ` ₹9,000.

11. Received Dividend of ` ₹1,000.

12. Paid for Printing bill book `₹ 200.

Answers

Q.1)

1) Prepaid expenses is a Personal account.

2) Goodwill is is an intangible asset.

3) Every debit has corresponding Credit.

4) Conventional system of accounting is Indian system.

5) International Accounting day is observed on 10th November.

6) Debit all expenses and losses and Credit all income and gains.

Q.2)

1) This statement is False.

The amount payable to a person is known as an outstanding expense in the business. As a person is involved, the outstanding expense is nothing but a personal account.

2) This statement is False.

Capital Account is a Personal Account because it represents owner of the business.

3) This statement is True.

As per the Dual aspect concept, every business transaction has a debit effect with equal and corresponding credit effect which is a base for the double-entry system

4) This statement is True.

Discount received is an income for the business therefore discount received is a nominal account.

5) This statement is False.

Drawings mean amount withdrawn by the owner from business and the owner’s account is a personal account. Therefore, we can say that the drawings account is a personal account.

Q.3)

1) Left hand side of an account. - Debit

2) The Assets which cannot be seen, touched, or felt. - Intangible assets

3) The person who invented the Double Entry System. - LUCA D BARGO PACIOLI

4) Incomplete system of recording business transactions. - Single entry system

5) Scientific system of recording business transactions. - Double entry system

6) Right hand side of an account. - Credit

Book-keeping and Accountancy Chapter 1 Test | introduction to Book-keeping and accountancy Test class 11 | Maharashtra board

2021-12-03T11:30:00.000+05:30

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Q.1 ) Fill in the blanks with correct answers. ( 5 Marks with any 5 )

1) Surplus of income over expenses is ______________.

a) Profit

b) Deficit

c) Loss

d) Financial Statements

2) Accounts must be honestly prepared and they must disclose all material information is known as _________.

a) Entity Concepts

b) Dual Aspect Concept

c) Disclosure Concept

d) Cost Concept

3) A commodity in which a trader deals is known as _______________.

a) Goods

b) Income

c) Property

d) Expenditure

4) The immediate recognition of loss is supported by principle of __________.

a) Conservatism

b) Objective

c) Matching

d) Consistency

5) Brief explanation of an entry is called as _________.

a) Folio

b) Narration

c) Posting

d) Journalising

6) An act of exchange of things or services between the two parties is termed as______.

a) Ledger

b) Transfer

c) Transaction

d) Business

Q.2) True and false with statement ( 4 marks with any 4 )

1) Book-keeping and accounting are one and the same thing.

2) The double entry system is based on “Dual Aspect” concept.

3) Bank overdraft is an asset of the business.

4) Solvent person is a person whose assets are more than his liabilities

5) Cash discount does not appear in the books of accounts.

Q.3) Name the Following. ( 5 marks with any 5 )

1) Allowance is given on catalogue price of goods.

2) Assets which remain in the business for only for short time and can be converted into cash very easily.

3) Property of any description owned by Proprietor.

4) A person whose assets are sufficient enough to meet business obligations.

5) Excess of expenses over income.

6) Exchange between two persons.

Q.4) Answer in one sentence. ( 6 marks with any 6)

1) What is Book-keeping ?

2) What is meant by Goods ?

3) What is Capital ?

4) What is Drawings ?

5) What is Goodwill ?

6) Who is Solvent Person ?

7) What is Bad Debt ?

Q.5) Explain the concept. ( 5 marks with any 1 )

1) write about Expenditure and its types.

2) what are points of Accounting Standards in India. Write only names.

3) Difference between Book- keeping and Accountancy.

Answers

Q.1 ) Fill in the blanks with correct answers. ( 5 Marks with any 5 )

Answers:

1) Surplus of income over expenses is Profit

2) Accounts must be honestly prepared and they must disclose all material information is known as Disclosure Concept.

3) A commodity in which a trader deals is known as Goods.

4) The immediate recognition of loss is supported by the principle of Conservatism.

5) Brief explanation of an entry is called as Narration.

6) An act of exchange of things or services between the two parties is termed

as Transaction.

Q.2) True and false with statement ( 4 marks with any 4 )

Answers:

1) This statement is False.

Bookkeeping and accounting are not one and the same thing. Book-keeping is the art of recording business transactions in a set of books whereas accounting refers to analysis and interpretation of book-keeping records.

2) This statement is True.

As per dual aspect concept, in every transaction. Every debit has its corresponding and equal credit effect, which is always followed in the double-entry system.

3) This statement is False

The amount withdrawn by the Current Accountholder in excess of the balance in his Current Account up to a predetermined limit decided by the bank on the basis of security offered is called Bank Overdraft. It is a temporary loan given by the bank to the Current Accountholder. It is a liability of the business.

4) This statement is True.

As per the definition of solvent, a person can be a solvent person when a person’s assets

are more than its liabilities.

5) This statement is False.

For the encouragement of the prompt payment, the seller allows some discount to their buyers and it is an expense for the seller. Therefore, cash discount, as an expense, will appear in the book of account.

Q.3) Name the Following. ( 5 marks with any 5 )

Answers:

1) Allowance is given on catalogue price of goods. - Trade discount

2) Assets which remain in the business for only for short time and can be converted into cash very easily. - Current assets

3) Property of any description owned by Proprietor. - Assets

4) A person whose assets are sufficient enough to meet business obligations. - Solvent person

5) Excess of expenses over income. - Loss

6) Exchange between two persons. - Transaction

OCM-Chapter 2 Trade Test | Class 11 | Maharashtra board

2021-11-27T10:23:00.000+05:30

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I hope u will clear this test and one things the answers are given in downwards and if you want to give test through video then subscribe our channel in YouTube.

Q.1 ) Fill in the blanks with correct answers. ( 5 Marks with any 5 )

1) Price charged by retailers is generally…….

a) higher b) lower c) fixed.

2) ……..is the link between producer and retailer.

a) Consumer b) Wholesaler c) Manufacturer

3) ….… carry goods on their head in baskets or containers.

a) Hawkers b) Peddlers c) Cheap Jacks

4)....... retailers deal in particular goods.

a) General Stores b) Speciality shop retailers c) Second hand goods shops.

5) ……. is known as self- service store.

a) Department store b) Super market c)Multiple store

6) ...........open their shops on market days i.e. on fixed days.

a) Street traders b) Market Traders c)Peddlers

Q.2 ) True or False . ( 2 marks with any 2 )

1) Wholesaler keeps large stock of goods.

2) Wholesaler deals in small quantity.

3) A retailer has no direct contact with consumers.

Q.3) Find odd man out. ( 1 marks with any 1 )

1) Speciality Shops, Second hand goods shops, Malls, Authorised Dealers.

2) General Stores, Hawkers, Cheap Jacks, Peddlers.

Q.4 ) Answer in one sentence. ( 4 marks with any 4 )

1) What do you mean by internal trade?

2) Who is known as hawkers?

3) What is the meaning of peddlers?

4) What is one price shop?

5) What is mall?

6) What is meant by supermarket shop?

Q.5) Answer in brief ( 8 marks with any 2 )

1) Explain preliminary stage of Import procedure.

2) State any four services of wholesalers to manufacturers.

3) State any two types of small scale fixed shop retailer.

Q.6 ) Answer the following. (5 Marks with Attempt any 1 )

1) Define import trade.Explain its procedure in detail.

2) What is export trade? Explain its procedure in detail.

3) Explain different services of retailers.

Answers :

Q.1) Fill in the blanks with correct answers. ( 5 Marks with any 5 )

1) Price charged by retailers is generally higher.

2) Wholesaler is the link between producer and retailer.

3) Peddlers carry goods on their head in baskets or containers.

4) Speciality shop retailers retailers deal in particular goods.

5) Super market is known as self-service store.

6) Market Traders open their shops on market days i.e. on fixed days.

Q.2 ) True or False . ( 2 marks with any 2 )

Answer :

1) True.

2) False

3) False

Q.3) Find odd man out. ( 1 marks with any 1 )

Answers:

1) Malls

2) General Stores

Q.4 ) Answer in one sentence. ( 4 marks with any 4 )

Answers:

1) Trade carried on within the geographical boundaries of a country is called internal trade or domestic trade .

2) A trader who carries the goods on the back of animals or wheel cart for the purpose of selling is called an hawkers.

3) Mobile retailer who carry goods on their head or back and move from one place to

another for selling are called paddlers.

4) One price shops are shops where all articles are sold at one standard and fixed price.

5) A mall is a large enclosed shopping complex comprising of various stores business cinema theaters and restaurants.

6) It is a large scale retail organization which sells a wide variety of goods to customers on the basis of self service.

Q.5) Answer in brief ( 8 marks with any 2 )

Answers:

Import trade refers to buying of goods and services from another country or countries i.e. a foreign country. The procedure of import trade varies from one country to another country depending upon the policy implemented in that country. Import of goods and services is controlled by the government in most of the countries.

India follows the following import procedure, which is divided into four stages.

Preliminary Stage:

(1) Registration: In order to carry out import, the importer has to get himself

registered with the authorities given below:

(I) Director General Foreign Trade (DGFT) in order to get an Import-Export Certificate

Number.

(II) The Income Tax department to obtain Permanent Account Number.

(III) To carry out GST formalities.

(2) Negotiation or Trade enquiry:

The importer must collect information from overseas suppliers regarding the goods he wants to import of a product.

It contains details like:

(a) Price (b) Delivery schedule, (c) Credit period and (d) Terms and conditions of sale,

payment and delivery.

Services of Wholesalers to Manufacturers.

(I) Provide Finance: Wholesaler provides advance to the manufacturers so they can do bulk production. Manufacturer can maintain continuous flow of production.

(II) Collecting Order and Distribution of Goods:

Wholesaler collects small orders of

goods from the retailers then he collects the goods from manufacturer and distributes it

to retailers.

(III) Goods Sale on Large Scale:

Wholesaler sells goods to the retailers on large scale on behalf of manufacturers.

(IV) Economy in Production:

Large scale of production is made possible because production of goods is done continuously by the manufacturer.

(V) Market Information:

Wholesaler provides latest information of market condition to manufacturer. On the basis of this information manufacturer changes his production policies and regulates production activities.

(VI) Storage:

The wholesaler provides storage facilities for the manufacturers’ product of goods. This helps them to fill up the time gap between production and consumption of goods.

Types of Small Scale Shop Retailers:

(I) General Store Retailer:

These shops are found in residential areas and offers shopping convenience to the customers. They deal in wide variety of goods so there is scope for choice. They deal in almost all household articles and goods of daily use. They provide credit facilities and have personal relation with their customers. They have fixed place of business so the customers have faith and confidence in dealing with them.

2) Second Hand Goods Dealers:

As the name indicates these shops deal in used or old goods and articles. They buy goods from individual and not from manufacturers or Wholesalers. They repair or overhaul the items. They display them in their shops.Generally people from poor communities prefer to buy from these Shops.

Q.6 ) Answer the following. (5 Marks with Attempt any 1 )

Answers:

[A] 1st Stage: Preliminary Stage:

1) Registration:

In order to carry out import, the importer has to get himself registered with the authorities given below:

(I) Director General Foreign Trade (DGFT) in order to get an Import-Export Certificate

Number

(II) The Income Tax department to obtain Permanent Account Number.

(III) To carry out GST formalities.

2) Negotiation or Trade enquiry:

The importer must collect information from overseas suppliers regarding the goods he wants to import of a product. It contains details like (a) Price (b) Delivery schedule, (c) Credit period and (d) Terms andconditions of sale, payment and delivery.

[B] 2nd Stage: Pre import Stage:

(I) Import License / Quota Certificate:

The Export Import (EXIM) Policy of our

country indicates which goods need license for import and which can be imported freely.

For goods that require a license, the importer should get a quota certificate and acquire

the license. At the time of importing goods, the IEC number is to be mentioned.

(II) Foreign Exchange Clearance:

The exporter has to be paid in foreign exchange by the importer as he resides in a foreign country. For this the Indian currency has to be exchanged for foreign currency. This is done by Exchange Control Department of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). The importer has to get the foreign exchange sanctioned.For this he applies in a prescribed form to a bank authorised by RBI. After scrutiny of the documents, the necessary foreign exchange is sanctioned.

(III) Placing an Order:

Once the foreign exchange clearance is obtained from RBI the importer places an import order with the exporter for supply of goods. This order contains information on all aspects relating to the goods to be imported. These include quality, quantity, size, grade, price, packing and shipping, ports of shipment, insurance,delivery schedule and modes of payment. This order is called as indent.

(IV) Letter of Credit: If the exporter agrees to a letter of credit, then the importer

obtains it from his bank and forwards it to the exporter. It minimises the risk of non-

payment for the exporter At the same time the importer should arrange for sufficient

funds to be paid on delivery of the goods.

(V) Clearing and Forwarding Agent:

The importer then appoints C & F agent to look after the various customs formalities and documentation work With respect to import of goods.

(VI) Shipment Advice:

Once the goods are loaded on the vessel, the exporter sends a

shipment advice to the importer. This document contains details about the goods, invoice number, bill of lading and name of the vessel, the port of export and date of sailing of the vessel. This will help the importer for custom clearance and unloading of goods.

[C] Stage: Import Stage:

(I) Receipt of Document:

The importer receives the documents sent by the exporter through his bank. They are as follows Bill of Lading, Certificate of Origin, Certificate of Inspection, Packing List, Commercial Invoice, etc.

(II) Bill of Entry:

The clearing and forwarding agents, then prepare a bill of entry. This bill is presented to the dock superintendent for release of goods. The bill of entry has details like number of packages, quality of good and price of goods.

(III) Delivery Order:

For taking delivery of the goods a delivery order is needed. This is obtained from the shipping company by the C & F agent. Once this is received the freight charges are paid and goods are allowed to be unloaded from the ship.

(IV) Customer Clearance:

The importer has to present the Bill of Lading, Bill of Entry and Packing List to the customer authority who will certify it and give customs clearance.

[D] 4th stage: Posts Import Stage:

Various duties have to paid in order to take the goods out of port are:

(I) Port Trust Dues: The clearing and forwarding agent has to make the payment of port trust dues.

(II) Customer Duty: Also paid by the clearing and forwarding agent to the custom

authorities.

(III) Insurance Premium: Under the FOB (Free of Board) impact, the importer has to

make the payment of Insurance Premium.

(IV) Payment of Freight: The shipping contract will lay down the amount of freight to

be paid and it has to be paid by the importer for getting clearance of goods.

(V) Exporters Payment: The exporter draws a bill of exchange on the importer

according to the terms and conditions of the contract.

(VI) Follow Up: It is the duty of the importer to take a follow up of the goods. If there

are any discrepancies in the Order or goods it has to be intimated to the exporter. Thus,

the procedure of importing goods comes to an end.

Trade between two countries is called International Trade. It can be import or export

trade. Export trade refers to selling of goods and services to other country or foreign

countries Export procedure is as follows:

There are four stages which help in simplify the export procedure.

[A] Preliminary Stage: This is the first stage which includes the following steps.

1) Registration: The exporter gets himself registered with various authorities in order to

conduct export trade like

(I) Director General of Foreign Trade 1n order to obtain Import Export Certificate Number

(II) Income Tax Authority to obtain Permanent Account Number.

(III) Export Promotion Council (EPC) and GST authority.

2) Appointment of Agent: The exporters are supposed to appoint an agent in the

foreign country who will look after the order or book order for the exporter.

[B] Pre-shipment Stage:

(I) Receipt of Order: When the exporter receives an order he has to check the details

of the order. He also check the restriction of import in the importer’s country.

(II) Letter of Credit: The exporter has to obtain a letter of credit from the importer,

which is used to clear the foreign exchanges and other restrictions.

(III) Pre-shipment Finance: The exporter has to meet his working capital needs and

for that he has to obtain the pre-shipment finance from his bankers.

(IV) Production of goods: If the exporter is a manufacturer, then he has to produce

the goods according to the order placed by the importer, otherwise he has get the

necessary goods arranged from his suppliers.

(V) Packaging: Packaging plays a very important role in export business. Goods have to

be packed as per the requirement of the importer and it should protect the goods in

transit, preserve the quality of goods and carry out promotion of goods.

(VI) ECGC Cover (Export Credit and Guarantee Corporation): In order to protect

the goods and cover the credit risks, the exporter must obtain an cover of ECGC. The

ECGC covers the risk upto 90%, if the importer fails to make the payment.

(VII) GST formalities (Goods and Service Tax): All formalities regarding GST must

be complied With by the exporter.

(VIII) Marine Insurance: For exporting the goods, it is mandatory for the exporter to

take a marine insurance policy for the goods exported. This insurance is under CIF (Cost,

Insurance and freight) contract.

(IX) Clearing and Forwarding Agents (C & F agents): The exporter has to appoint a

clearing and forwarding agent to carry out the necessary formalities of customs. They are also called custom house agents.

[C] Shipment Stage:

(I) Processing of Document: The exporter prepares the shipping bill and gets all the

documents Processed at the customs house as required for the export of good

(II) Examination of Goods: The clearing and forwarding agents obtain a document

called carting order from the Port Trust Authorities, which allows the exporter to take the goods inside the dock area

(III) Loading of Goods: On examination of the goods, the ‘Customs Examiner’ issues

order called Let Export order. This is given to the clearing and forwarding agent by the

‘Customers Preventative Officer (CPO). The goods are then loaded on the ship and the

captain of the ship issue a receipt called the ‘Mates Receipt’. Then the C & F agent obtain the Bill of Lading.

[D] Post-shipment Stage:

(I) Shipment Advice: On the dispatch of the goods, the exporter sends shipment

advice to the importer Along with it, he also sends the packaging list, commercial invoice and non-negotiable copy of loading.

(II) Presentation of Documents: The necessary documents are presented to the bank for negotiation and realisation of export proceeds.

(III) Realisation of Export incentive: Various incentive like duty drawbacks refunds of

GST if paid etc. is given to the exporter by the concerned authorities.

(IV) Follow up: Exporter has to follow up and find out the buyers reaction on the goods

he receives This concludes the export procedure.

Retailers provides services to:

(A) Customers and (B) Wholesaler

(A) Services of Retailers to Customers:

(I) Variety of Goods: Retailer keep different brands of goods which helps the customer

to choose.

(II) After Sales Services: After sales services are given for a particular period, which is

known as guarantee period for costly and durable goods such as refrigerators, TV. etc.

Such services create confidence in minds of consumers for further purchases.

(III) Regular Supply of Goods: Retailer stocks the goods sufficiently which are

required by the customers and customers purchases the goods whenever needed.

(IV) Credit Facilities: Retailers provides credit facility to customer which helps him to grow up sales and also it is convenient for the customers to purchase goods.

(V) Home Delivery: Retailer provides home delivery service to the customers which

helps him to maintain permanent relationship with the customers.

(VI) Information: Retailer is a link between manufacturer and consumer. He provides

valuable information from the customers to the manufacturer so that he can modify the

product as per the likes and dislikes of the customers. Complaints regarding defects in

goods, improper functioning of the product, constant break down, etc. are passed on to

the manufacturers.

(VII) Local Convenience: Retailers are generally located near residential areas. Hence,customers can buy the goods whenever they require.

(VIII) Improves Standard of Living: Retailers help customers to increase their

standard of living by making available all the latest types of goods produced.

(IX) Sale of Perishable Goods: Perishable goods like milk, meat, fish, vegetables, etc.

require quick distribution. Hence, retailer provides this facility as per customers

requirement.

(B) Services of Retailers to Wholesaler:

(I) Create demand: Retailers attracts consumers attention towards new products and arrivals in the market through personal salesmanship.

(II) Helps to Distribute: Retailer helps distributing perishable goods which are having short life. He also performs assembling, grading and packing function.

(III) Marketing: Retailers sometimes carry marketing function for the wholesalers i.e.

handling transportation, solving shortage problems, advertise goods, etc.

(IV) Financing: Wholesaler collects order from customers and take advances from

them. Then places order to finally it reaches the manufacturer. Retailer collects sales

proceeds from customer and passes it to the Wholesaler and finally it reaches the

Manufacturer.

(V) Attracts Consumers: Retailer makes an advertising of goods by displaying in the

showroom and thus promote sales. This activity directly helps the wholesaler to sell the product.

(VI) Provides Information: Retailer provides information to the wholesaler regarding

market and demand of goods by the customers, likes and dislikes of customers, etc.

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OCM - Chapter 1 Test | Commerce Class 11 Maharashtra board

2021-11-24T14:41:00.002+05:30

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Answers are given in downwards so don't worry about answers and this test is about 25 marks I hope u will clear it 😊.

Q.1 A) Select the correct option and rew rite the sentence. ( 5 marks )

1) A Lawyer is ........

a) a Professional person b) a Businessman c) an employee

2) Raw material is converted into finished product by .......... industry.

a) genetic b) extractive c) manufacturing

3) The problem of distance is solved by ..........

a) bank b) transport c) warehousing

4) Actual buying and selling of goods is known as ..........

a) profession b) trade c) industry

5) Construction of dams is an activ ity done under ............ industry.

a) primary b) secondary c) tertiary

Q.2 ) State True or False. ( 2 marks with any 2 )

1) Business is an economic activity.

2) Every profession is practiced for earning money.

3) Trade includes buying and selling of goods and services.

Q.3 ) Find the odd one ( 1 marks with any 1 )

1) Import Trade, Export Trade, Wholesale Trade, Entrepot Trade.

2) Tea, Milk, Coffee, Machinery.

Q.4 ) Answer in one sentence. ( 4 marks with any 4 )

1) What is an "Economic Activity" ?

2) What is the meaning of Export Trade ?

3) What is the meaning of Retail Trade ?

4) What is meant by Auxiliaries to Trade ?

Read more : Lenses and there types

5) What do you mean by Genetic Industry ?

6) What do you mean by Commerce ?

Q.5 ) Answer in brief. ( 8 marks with any 2 )

1) State any four features of profession.

2) State any four features of employment.

3) State any four features of business.

Q.6 ) Answer the following. (5 Marks with Attempt any 1 )

Read more : What is force and it's types

1) Give comparative analysis of business, profession and employment.

2) Define business. Explain its features.

Answers

Q.1 A) Select the correct option and rew rite the sentence. ( 5 marks )

1) A Lawyer is a Professional person

2) The raw material is converted into a finished products by manufacturing industry.

3) The problem of distance is solved by transport.

4) The actual buying and selling of goods is known as trade.

5) Construction of dams is an activity done under secondary industry

Q.2 ) State True or False. ( 2 marks with any 2 )

Answer :

1) True

2) True

3) True

Q.3 ) Find the odd one ( 1 marks with any 1 )

Answers:

1) Wholesale Trade

2) Machinery

Q.4 ) Answer in one sentence. ( 4 marks with any 4 )

Answer :

1) Activity done for earning money is an economic activity.

2) When the goods or services are sold to other countries, form home country it is called export trade.

3) Trade conducted on small scale is retail trade.

4) Auxiliaries to trade are the services which help the smooth conduct of trade.

5) Genetic industry means the industry engaged in reproduction and multiplication of plants.

6) Commerce is a part of business activity which is concerned with the distribution of goods and services.

Q.5 ) Answer in brief. ( 8 marks with any 2 )

Answer :

The profession is a part of economic activity. A professional acquire formal knowledge to practice the profession.

Following are the features of the Profession:

1. Qualification: A particular qualification is required to practice a profession. A professional needs to acquire knowledge through formal education. Unless he gets formal knowledge and training, he cannot practice profession. eg. A Doctor cannot prescribe medicines without having a degree in medicine.

2. Returns: A professional charges fees for the services rendered to the clients, The fees charged by a professional depends on different factors like his knowledge,experience, skill, etc. His income is not fixed.

3. Capital: Professional requires capital to set up or run his practice. The amount of capital depends upon the nature of practice a professional wants to do.

4. Work Nature: A professional who is an expert in a particular field, provides services in his field of expertise. eg. an architect will provide his services in the field of building houses.

Employment is an economic activity. A person works for others to earn his livelihood.

Following are the features of employment:

1. Aim: The main aim of a person accepting employment is to earn money.

2. Qualification: Qualifications are required depending upon the nature of employment. Some types of work require educational qualifications, some require some specific skill, some require both. But qualification is necessary for employment.

3. Monetary returns: The person who accepts employments and works for the employer gets remuneration after specific intervals. Remuneration can be wages or salaries. Usually, wages are paid daily or weekly salaries are paid monthly.

4. Capital: Capital is not required for the person who is in employment.

Business is an economic activity which is done to earn a profit.

The following are the features of business:

1. An economic activity: Business is an economic activity. Because it is done to earn profit for livelihood.

2. Two parties: Business is mainly concerned with the production and distribution of goods and services. It means business transactions involve exchange and in any exchange two parties are involved. Thus business involves two parties.

3. Profit motive: Every business is done with a motive of making a profit. Therefore all the activities of business revolve around profit. A businessman is not satisfied with the profit he gets, but he tries to maximize the profit either by increasing the production or by reducing the cost. He tries to find out new customers and new markets.

4. Production of Goods and Services: Business includes the production of goods and services. Raw materials are used and the finished goods are produced.

Q.6 ) Answer the following. (5 Marks with Attempt any 1 )

Answer:

1) you can follow this textual answer 👇👇

Business is part of economic activities. Business is done to earn a profit. It is done by an individual or a group of individuals.

Defination of business:

Prof. Haney: “Business activities are all those activities which are directed towards the production and processing of wealth.

The term business also refers to the organised efforts and activities of individuals to produce and sell goods and services for profit.

The following are the features of business:

1. Continuity in Dealings: Continuity is most important in the case of any business. Business requires regularity. Business activity should be carried on for a longer time. A transaction carried on only for one time or a few times cannot be called a business activity, e.g. Sale of own old motor car cannot be considered as a business activity.

2. Uncertain Returns: The returns in any business are not fixed. They are uncertain and fluctuating. The profit of the business is not fixed or guaranteed.

3. Risk Element: Business is exposed to many risks. These risks arise out of some unforeseen circumstances or wrong decisions or misjudgments of the businessman. A businessman cannot avoid the risks but he can minimize the risks by taking proper steps. Some risks can be transferred to an insurance company.

4. Satisfaction: Customer is an integral part of any business activity. Without a customer, there cannot be buying or selling. Businesses need customers to fulfill their monetary objective and therefore customer satisfaction is the most important part of any business activity. Modern thinking on business gives topmost priority to customer satisfaction. If the customers are satisfied, there will be more sales and profit for the business.

5. Two Parties: Business includes production and distribution. Every business transaction involves an exchange. For carrying out any exchange two parties are required. These two parties are the seller and the buyer. There is an oral or written agreement between the buyer and the seller to buy or sell the goods or services.

6. Economic Activity: Business is an economic activity. The intention of carrying out any business is to earn money. Business is not conducted for satisfying the sentimental needs of a person. Business activity is purely monetary.

7. Profit Motive: Business is basically conducted to earn a profit. Every businessman tries to get maximum profit out of the business. Profit is required for the businessman to earn the livelihood and also for the survival of the business. It is also required for the expansion of the business. Thus profit plays a vital role in business.

8. Production of Goods and Services: Business has two aspects. One is the production of goods and services and distribution of them. Goods are produced by industries. Providing services also form an important part of business activities.

9. Exchange of Goods and Services: Goods and services are exchanged for money or money’s worth. It is a business activity as there is a seller and a buyer and they exchange goods or services for the value. In modern days almost all the transactions are carried out with money as a medium of exchange. In the case of very few transactions, goods are exchanged for goods.

10. Dealings in Goods and Services: In the case of business, goods or services are bought and sold. There cannot be a business without the exchange of goods or services. Goods can be consumer goods or industrial goods. Services are of different types like banking, insurance, etc. Services are also exchanged for a value.

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Basic Definations of Accountancy and Book - Keeping

2021-10-14T08:42:00.001+05:30

1.1 Meaning and Definition:

In simple words, the ‘Book-keeping’ means recording of the business transactions in the books of accounts in a systematic way. All the monetary transactions are recorded datewise for accurate business results from such records at the end of accounting year.

Book-keeping is an art or science of systematic recording, classifying and summarising the financial transactions of business for a particular period, generally one year.

Definition of Book-Keeping

Richard E. Strahelm : “The art of analyzing and recording business transactions, reporting results of business operations through periodic statements and interpreting such results for purposes of effective control of future operations.”

J. R. Batliboi : “Book-keeping is an art of recording business dealings in a set of books.”

Nocth Cott: “Book-keeping is an art of recording in the books of accounts the monetary aspects of commercial or financial transactions.”

R.N. Carter : “Book-keeping is the science and art of correctly recording in the books of accounts, all those business transactions that results in transfer or money or money’s worth.”

Features of Book-keeping:

1) It is the method of recording day to day business transactions.

2) Only financial transactions are recorded.

3) All records are prepared for a specific period which are useful for future references.

4) Records of transactions are based on rules and regulations.

5) It is an art of recording business transactions scientifically.

Objectives of Book-keeping:

1) The main objective of book-keeping is to keep a complete and accurate record of all the financial transactions in a systematic, orderly and logical manner.

2) All the business transactions are to be recorded date wise and account wise.

3) Book-keeping serves as a permanent record of the monetary transacitons of an enterprise business and it can be produced as an evidence, whenever and wherever required.

4) To know the profit or loss of the business during the financial year.

5) To know the total assets and liabilities of the enterprise.

6) To know what the businessman owes to others and what others owe to him.

7) Businessman comes to know the current year’s progress over previous year and compares its financial results with other business enterprise in similar line.

Read more :

400-days book by Chetan Bhagat

Lenes and types of lenses

1.2 Importance of Book-keeping:

The importance of Book-keeping is as follows:

1) Record : It is not possible for anyone to remember all transactions. But Book-keeping maintains records of all the transactions permanently and systematically in the books of accounts.

2) Financial Information: Book-keeping is useful to get information related to Profit, Loss,Assets, Liabilities, Investments and Stock, etc, at any given time.

3) Decision Making: Book-keeping provides financial information to the businessman for decision making.

4) Controlling: Book-keeping enables the executives of the business to control the activities of the business.

5) Evidence: Businessman needs financial evidence to be produced in the Court of law in case of any disputes.

6) Tax Liability: Book-keeping is useful to find out the tax liabilities e.g. : Income Tax, Property Tax, GST, etc.

Utility of Book-keeping:

1) Owner: The businessman can find out Profit, Losses, Assets and Liabilities of an enterprise at any time.

2) Management: Management of an enterprise can plan, take decisions and control overall business activities.

3) Investors: Investors can take proper decisions whether to invest or not.

4) Customer: Customer can easily understand financial position of the business. He can be assured about supply of goods.

5) Government: Government can easily find out different types of taxes due from various sources.

6) Lenders: Money Lenders can find financial standing of the enterprise for decision to lend money or not.

7) Development: Business enterprise can achieve the business growth with the help of accounting.

Meaning and Definition of Accountancy:

Book-keeping is a part of Accounting. It is the primary stage in accounting. It is the process of recording transactions in the books of accounts. Accounting is part of Accountancy. Accountancy is the practice of recording, classifying, and reporting of business transactions for a business. Accounting principles are the basic norms and assumptions developed and established as the basis for accounting system. These principles are adopted by the accountants universally.

Definitions:

1) “Accountancy refers to the entire body of the theory and process of accounting.” By Kohler.

2) Prof. Robert N. Anthony has defined accounting as “Nearly every business enterprise has an accounting system. It is a means of collecting,summarizing, analyzing and reporting in monetary terms information about the business transactions.”

Basis (Methods) of Accounting System

Basis of Accounting:

There are mainly three basis or methods of accounting in common usage, namely

(i)Cash basis

(ii)Accrual or Mercantile basis

(iii) Mixed or Hybrid basis.

(i) Cash basis :

Under the cash basis of accounting, actual cash receipts and actual cash payments are recorded.In this basis, revenue is recognised when cash is received and expenses are recognised when cash is paid. e.g. (i) Any income received, (ii)Any expense paid. Such a method of accounting is usually followed by professionals such as Doctors, Lawyers, Chartered Accountant (CA) and Not for Profit Organisations.

(ii)Accrual or Mercantile basis

Under accrual basis of accounting, the revenue whether received or not, but has been earned or accrued during the accounting period and expenses incurred whether paid or not are recorded. In other

words, revenue is recognised when it is earned or accrued and expenses are recognised when these are incurred. e.g. (i) Any income earned whether received or not, (ii) Any expense incurred whether paid

or not.

(iii) Mixed or Hybrid basis

It is a combination of cash basis and accrual basis of accounting. Under mixed basis of accounting,both cash basis and accrual basis are followed. Revenues and assets are generally recorded on cash basis whereas expenses are generally taken on accrual basis. The laws in India prohibits the use of this method.

Gravitation Defination and Numericals

Force and types of force

Qualitative characteristics of accounting information

Accounting means the numerical qualitative presentation of business transactions of financial nature. While recording accounting information in the books of accounts, we must observe the following qualitative characteristics of accounting.

1.Reliability of the Accounting Information:

Reliability is described as one of the two primary qualities (relevance and reliability) that make accounting information useful for decision-making : Reliable information is required to form judgements about the earning potential and financial position of a business firm. Reliability differs from item to item.

Some items of information presented in an annual report may be more reliable than others.For example, information regarding plant and machinery may be less reliable than certain information about current assets because of differences in uncertainty of realization.

2. Relevance of the Accounting Information :

Relevant accounting information must be capable of making a difference in a decision by helping users to form predictions about the outcomes of past, present and future events or to confirm or correct expectations. The accounting information related by the books of accounts and financial reports must be relevant. Accounting information should not include unnecessary and irrelevant information. All the information is said to be relevant which would have changed the outcomes of the business if disclosed i.e. All useful and related information must find a place in the books of accounts and the information must have timelessness, dedicative and feedback value.

3. Understandability of the Accounting Information:

Understandability is the quality of information that enables users to perceive its significance. The benefits of information may be increased by making it more understandable and hence useful to a wider circle of users.Thus, understandable financial accounting information presents data that can be understood by users of the information and is expressed in a form and with terminology adapted to the user's range of understanding.

4. Comparability of the Accounting Information:

In making decision, the decision-maker will make comparisons among alternatives, which is facilitated by financial information.Comparability implies to have like things reported in a similar fashion and unlike things reported differently.

Information, if comparable, will assist the decision-maker to determine relative financial strengths and weaknesses and prospects for the future, between two or more firms or between periods in a single firm.

Basic Accounting Terminologies

In order to have better understanding of accounting, it is necessary to know the meanings of certain basic terms used in accounting. Accounting is a versatile system which serves a large number of purposes in the modern business world. Hence, the following terminologies need to be understood.

Transactions

Exchange of goods and services between two persons or parties for money or money's worth is known as Transactions.

(a) Monetary Transactions:

The transaction which involves an exchange of money or money’s worth directly or indirectly is called monetary transactions. Only monetary transactions are recorded in the books of accounts.

1) Cash Transactions : A business transaction in which cash is paid or received immediately is known as cash transaction.

e.g i) Purchase of goods for cash at ` 15,000/-

ii) Payment of salary at ` 5,000/-

2) Credit Transactions: A credit transaction is one in which cash is not paid or received

immediately at the time of a transaction but it is paid or received at a later date.

e.g i) Goods sold on credit to Mr. Aman at ` 8,000/-

ii) Sold machinery to Mr. Amarsingh on credit at ` 20,000/-

(b) Non-Monetary Transactions:

The transaction which does not involve an exchange of money or money’s worth directly or indirectly are called Non-monetary transactions. An exchange of one thing against another thing is called as Barter transactions.

1) Entry: Recording of a business transaction in the proper form or method in the books of accounts is called an entry.

2) Narration: A brief explanation of the business transaction for which an entry is passed is called as a narration. It is always given in a bracket below the journal entry and it usually starts with the word "Being" or "For".

3) Goods: The term ‘goods’ refers to merchandise, commodities, articles or things in which a trader trades. These are purchased or manufactured for the purpose of sale and to earn profit.

e.g i) Medicines are goods for the chemist.

ii) Vegetables are goods for the vegetable vendor.

iii) Parts like tyres, engine gearbox, cables are produced by a vehicle manufacturer like Bajaj Auto, Hero Motors.

Capital and Drawings:

a) Capital : The total amount invested into the business by the owner is called capital. Excess of assets over the liabilities is also called as capital. The equation for this is :

Capital = Assets – Liabilities

Capital is a liability of the business as this amount is payable by the business enterprise to the owner at the time of closure of the business.

b) Drawings : The amount of cash or value of goods, assets, etc., withdrawn from the business by the owner for personal use called as drawings.

E.g. : A proprietor pays colleges fees of his son, or pays for his medical expenses, mobile bills etc, from the business.

debtors and creditors:

a)debtor : a person who has to pay to the business for getting goods and services on credit is known as debtor. a debtor is a person who owes money to the business.

b) creditor: a person to whom business has to pay for getting goods or services on credit is known as creditor. a creditor is a person to whom business owes money.

c) bad debts : an irrecoverable amount from a debtor is known as "bad debts". it is a revenue to loss to the business.

I you understand in easy sentences hope

400 days book | chetan bhagat | Book review and story line

2021-10-10T12:42:00.002+05:30

400 days by Chetan Bhagat

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1 ) Who write 400 days book ?

Chetan Bhagat is the author of 400 days book and ten bestselling novels, which have sold over twelve million copies and have been translated into over twenty languages worldwide.

2) why Chetan bhagat called the biggest selling author ?

The New York Times has called him ‘the biggest selling author in India’s history’. Time magazine named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world, and Fast Company USA named him one of the 100 most creative people in business worldwide.

Many of Chetan’s books have been adapted into films and were major Bollywood blockbusters. He is also a Filmfare award-winning screenplay writer.

Chetan writes columns for The Times of India and Dainik Bhaskar, which are among India’s most influential and widely read newspapers. He is also one of the country’s leading motivational speakers. He is active on various social media platforms, where his combined following runs into crores. Chetan went to college at IIT Delhi and IIM Ahmedabad, after which he worked in investment banking for a decade before quitting his job to become a full-time writer.

3) Story line of 400 days book by Chetan Bhagat.

Welcome to 400 Days. A mystery and romance story like none other. An unputdownable tale of suspense, human relationships, love, friendship, the crazy world we live in and, above all, a mother’s determination to never give up.

‘My daughter Siya was kidnapped. Nine months ago,’ Alia said.

The police had given up. They called it a cold case. Even the rest of her family had stopped searching.

Alia wouldn’t stop looking, though. She wanted to know if I could help her.

Hi, I am Keshav Rajpurohit and I am a disappointment to everyone around me. I live with my parents, who keep telling me how I should a) get married, b) focus on my IPS exams, c) meet more people and d) close my detective agency.

But Alia Arora, neighbour and ex-model, wanted my help. And I couldn’t take my eyes off her face … I mean, her case.

12-year-old Siya has been missing nine months. It’s a cold case, but Keshav wants to help her mother, Alia, who refuses to give up. Welcome to 400 Days―a mystery and romance story like no other.

If you want to read or buy this book then click on Buy this Book paperback edition.

What is lenses | types of lenses | magnification | Sign convention | power | radius of curvature | principal axis | principal focus | focal length

2021-10-06T11:03:00.002+05:30

1) What is lenses?

Lenses are used in spectacles. They are also used in telescopes .

A lens is a transparent medium bound by two surfaces. The lens which has two spherical surfaces which are puffed up outwards is called a convex or double convex lens.This lens is thicker near the centre as compared to the edges. The lens with both surfaces spherical on the inside is called a concave or double concave lens. This lens is thinner at the centre as compared to its edges.

2) What is Centre of curvature (C) :

The centres of spheres whose parts form surfaces of the lenses are called centres of curvatures of the lenses.

3) What is Radius of curvature (R) :

The radii of the spheres whose parts form surfaces of the lenses are called the radii of curvature of the lens.

4) What is Principal axis :

The imaginary line passing through both centres of curvature is called the principal axis of the lens.

5) What is Optical centre (O) :

The point inside a lens on the principal axis, through which light rays pass without changing their path is called the optical centre of a lens.

6) What is Principal focus (F) :

When light rays parallel to the principal axis are incident on a convex lens, they converge to a point on the principal axis. This point is called the principal focus of the lens.

Light rays parallel to the principal axis falling on a convex lens come together i.e. get focused at a point on the principal axis. So this type of lens is called a converging lens.

Rays travelling parallel to the principal axis of a concave lens diverge after refraction in such a way that they appear to be coming out of a point on the pricipal axis. This point is called the principal focus of the concave lens.

Light rays parallel to the principal axis falling on a concave lens go away from one another (diverge) after refraction. So this type of lens is called a divergent lens.

7) What is Focal length (f) :

The distance between the optical centre and principal focus of a lens is called its focal length.

Three rules of a rays diagram

Rule 1: When the incident ray is parallel to the principal axis,the refracted ray passes through the principal focus.

Rule 2: When the incident ray passes through the principal focus, the refracted ray is parallel to the principal axis.

Rule 3: When the incident ray passes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without changing its direction.

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Read More :

earths-gravitational-acceleration

8) What is Sign convention :

According to the Cartesian sign convention, the optical centre (O) is taken to be the origin. The principle axis is the X-axis of the frame of reference.

The sign convention is as follows.

1. The object is always placed on the left of the lens, All distances parallel to the principal axis are measured from the optical centre (O).

2. The distanced measured to the right of O are taken to be positive while those measured

to the left are taken to be negative.

3. Distances perpendicular to the principal axis and above it are taken to be positive.

4. Distances perpendicular to the principal axis and below it are taken to be negative.

5. The focal length of a convex lens is positive while that of a concave lens is negative.

9) what is Magnification ( M ) :

The magnification due to a lens is the ratio of the height of the image (h2) to the height of the object (h1).

Magnification = Height of the image

-------------------------------

Height of the object

i.e. M = h2

------ .............(1)

The magnification due to a lens is also related to the distance of the object (u) and that of the image (v) from the lens.

Magnification = distance of the image

------------------------------------

distance of the object

i.e. M = v

--- ...........(2)

10 ) what is Power of a lens (p) :

The capacity of a lens to converge or diverge incident rays is called its power (P). The power of a lens depends on its focal length. Power is the inverse of its focal length (f); f is expressed in meters.The unit of the power of a lens is Dioptre (D).

P= 1 1 Dioptre = 1

----- -----

f(m) 1 m

Combination of lenses

If two lenses with focal lengths f1 and f2 are kept in contact with each other, the combination has an effective focal length given by

1 1 1

-- = --- + ---

f f1 f2

If the powers of the two lenses are P1 and P2 then the effective power of their combination is P = P1 + P2.Thus, when two lenses are kept touching each other, the power of the combined lens is equal to the sum of their individual powers.

I hope you understand in easy sentences

Gravitation Solve Numericals | Class 10th | Maharashtra Board

2021-10-01T19:10:00.001+05:30

Gravitation Solve Numericals

Formulae

1. KEPLER'S THIRD LAW:

1.T² ∝ r³ (T square directly proportional to r cube)

Where,

T=the period of revolution of a body,

r=the radius of orbit in which the body is revolving.

2. (T1)² (r1)³

----- = -----

(T2) (r2)

Where T1,T2 and r1,r2 are periodic times and mean Radii of the orbit of two planets around the sun respectively.

2. GRAVITATIONAL FORCE BETWEEN TWO BODIES:

F=Gm1m2

-------------

r²

Where,m1 and m2 = masses of two bodies

r=distance of separation between them,

G=universal gravitational constant

3. UNIVERSAL GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT:

G= Fr²

----------

m1m2

4. ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY:

On the earth surface,g= GM

--------

R²

where, M=mass of the earth,

R=radius of the earth.

5. KINEMATICAL EQUATIONS OF MOTION:

1.v=u+at

2.s=ut+½at²

3.v²=u²+2as

FOR A FREELY FALLING BODY:

1.v=gt

2.h=½gt²

3.v²=u²+2as

FOR A BODY THROWN UPWARDS:

1.u=-gt

(Negative sign indicates velocity is decreasing)

2.h=ut-½gt²

3.u²=2gh

Where, u=initial velocity,

v=final velocity,

g=acceleration due to gravity,

h= distances of the body from the surfaces of the earth

6. POTENTIAL ENERGY OF A BODY:

1.On the Earth's surfaces, P.E.=-GMm

----------

2.At a height h from surfaces of earth,

P.E=-GMm

-----------

R + h

Where,m=mass of the body.

7. Escape velocity of a body(On the surface of the earth):

Vesc=√2GM

--------. = √2gR

VALUES TO REMEMBER

1.Gravitational constant(G)=6.7×10-¹¹ Nm²/kg²

2. Acceleration due to gravity(g)=9.8m/s²

3.Mass of the earth=6×10²⁴kg

4.Radius of the earth =6.4×10⁶m

Numerical section

TYPE 1 | KEPLER'S THIRD LAW

Formulae: T²∝r³

Let's the period of revolution of a planet at a distance R from a star be T, Prove that if it was at a distance of 2R from the star, it's period of revolution will be √8T.

Ans:

1. According to Kepler third law,the square of orbital period of revolution T of the planet around a star is directly proportional to the cube of the mean distance R of the planet from the star.

T²∝R³

Therefore,T²=k(R)³ ......(1)

Where, k is constant of proportionality.

2. When the planet is at a distance of 2R from the star, then it's period of revolution T' will be

T'²∝(2R)³

Therefore,T'²=k(2R)³ .......(2)

3.Dividing equations (1) and (2), we get,

T'² (R)³

---- = -------

T'² (2R)³

Therefore,T² 1

---- = ----

T'² 8

Therefore,T'= √8T

Thus, for a planet at a distance of 2R from the star , it's period of revolution will be √8T

TYPE 2 | GRAVITATIONAL FORCE BETWEEN TWO BODIES

Formulae :

1.F=Gm1m2

-------------

r²

2.G= Fr²

-----------

m1m2

1.Calculate the force between the sun and Jupiter. Assume that the mass of the Sun= 2 × 10³⁰kg, the mass of the Jupiter=1.89×10²⁷ kg and the radius of the jupiter orbit = 7.73 × 10¹¹m

(Use G = 6.67 × 10-¹¹Nm²/kg²)

Solution:

Given: mass of the Sun(m1)=2×10³⁰kg,

Mass of Jupiter(m2)=1.89×10²⁷

Radius of Jupiter orbit(r)

=7.73×10¹¹m,

Gravitational constant(G)

=6.67×10-¹¹Nm²/kg²

To Find : Force (F)

Formula: F = Gm1m2

--------------

r²

Calculation: From formula,

F=6.67×10-¹¹×2×10³⁰×1.89×10²⁷

---------------------------------------------

(7.73×10¹¹)²

= 6.67×3.78 25.21

----------------- ×10²⁴=--------×10²⁴

7.73×7.73 59.75

F=4.219×10²³N

Ans:The force between the sun and Jupiter is 4.219×10²³N

2. The masses of the earth and moon are 6 × 10²⁴ kg and 7.4 × 10²² kg, respectively.The distance between them is 3.84 × 10⁵ km. Calculate the gravitational force of attraction between the two.

Use G =6.7 × 10-¹¹ Nm²kg-²

Solution :

Given : Mass of the earth (Me) = 6 × 10²⁴ kg,

Mass of the moon (Mm) = 7.4 × 10²² kg,

Distance ( r ) = 3.84 × 10⁵ km

= 3.84 × 10⁸ m,

Gravitational constant (G)

= 6.7 × 10-¹¹Nm²/kg²

To find : Gravitational force ( F)

Formula : F = Gm1m2

--------------

r²

Calculation : From formula,

F= ( 6.7 × 10-¹¹) × (6×10²⁴)×(7.4×10²²)

--------------------------------------------------------

(3.84×10⁸)²

= 6.7 × 6 × 7.4

--------------------- ×. 10¹⁹

3.84 × 3.84

= 2 × 10²⁰

Ans : The gravitational force between the earth and the moon is 2 × 10²⁰N.

3. The mass of the earth is 6 × 10²⁴ kg. The distance between the earth and the sun is 1.5 × 10¹¹ m. If the gravitational force between the two is 3.5 × 10²²N, what is the mass of the Sun ? Use G = 6.7 × 10-¹¹ Nm²kg²

Solution :

Given : Mass of the earth (Me) = 6 × 10²⁴ kg,

Gravitational force (F) = 3.5 × 10²²N,

Distance (r) =1.5 × 10-¹¹m,

Gravitational constant (G)

= 6.7 × 10-¹¹ Nm²/kg²

To find : Mass of sun (Ms)

Formula : F = Gm1m2

--------------

r²

Calculation : From formula,

. Ms = fr²

-------

GMe

Therefore, Ms = ( 3.5 × 10²²)×(1.5×10¹¹)²

--------------------------------------

6.7 × 10-¹¹ × 6 × 10²⁴

= 7.88 × 10⁴⁴

-------------------=1.96×10³⁰kg

40.2×10¹³

Ans : The mass of the Sun is 1.96×10³⁰kg.

6.A spaceship is 10¹⁴ km away from a massive star. The gravitational force between them is 70N. Calculate the distance between them,if the force between them is increased to 7 × 10⁵N.

Solution :

Given : Force ( F1)=70N

Distance (r1)=10¹⁴km=10¹⁷m,

Force(F2)=7×10⁵N

To find : distance (r2)

Formula : F=Gm1m2

--------------

r²

Calculation : From formula,

For r1 = 10¹⁷m:F1=Gm1m2

-------------

(r1)²

70 = Gm1m2

---------------

(10¹⁷)² ......(1)

For r2:F2=Gm1m2

-------------

(r2)²

7 × 10⁵=Gm1m2

--------------

r2 ........(2)

Dividing equation (1) by (2),we have,

70 r²

--------- = ---------

7×10⁵ (10¹⁷)²

Therefore, r2² = 70

----------- × 10³⁴ = 10³⁰

7×10⁵

Therefore, r2 = 10¹⁵ m = 10¹² km

Ans: the distance between the spaceship and the star it's 10¹²km.

TYPE 3 | KINEMATICAL REQ EQUATIONS OF MOTION

Formulae :

1. Kinematical equation of motion :

1.v = u + at 2.s=ut+½at² 3.v² = u²+2as

2. For a freely falling body :

1.v = gt 2. h = ½ gt² 3. v²=2gh

3. For a body thrown upwards :

1. u = -gt(negative sign indicates velocity is decreasing)

2. h=ut-½gt²

3. u²=2gh

1. A metal ball of mass 5 kg fall from a height of 490 m. How much time it will take to reach the ground? (g=9.8m/s²)

Solution :

Given : mass (M)=5 kg, height (s)=490 m,

Gravitational acceleration (g)

=9.8 m/s²

To find : time taken (t)

Formula : s = ut + ½gt²

Calculation : from formula

490 = ( 0 × t ) + ( ½ × 9.8 × t²)

Therefore, 490= 4.9 t²

Therefore, t² = 490

---------- = 100

4.9

Therefore, t = 10s

Ans : the metal ball will take 10 s to reach the ground.

2. An object takes 5 s to reach the ground from a height of 5 m on a planet . What is the value of g on the planet?

Solution:

Given : Time (t( = 5 s , height (s)=5m

To find : Gravitational acceleration(g)

Formula : s = ut + ½gt²

Calculation : From formula,

5 = 0 × t + ½g(5)²

Therefore, 5 = ½g×25

Therefore, g=⅖

Therefore, g=0.4m/s²

Ans : the gravitational acceleration of the planet is 0.4m/s².

3.A stone is released from the top of a tower of height 19.6m. Calculate it's final velocity just before touching the ground.

Solution :

Given : Height ( h ) = 19.6m,

Initial velocity ( u ) = 0 m/s,

To find : Final velocity ( v )

Formula : v² = u² + 2as

Calculation : For downward motion,

a = g , s = h , u = 0

From formula,

v² = 2 × 9.8 × 19.6

Therefore, v² = 384.16

Therefore, v = 19.6m/s

Ans : Final velocity of the stone just before touching the ground is 19.6m/s.

4.A ball falls off a table and reaches the ground in 1 s. Assuming g=10 m/s², calculate it's speed on reaching the ground and the height of the table.

Solution :

Given : Initial velocity ( u ) = 0

Acceleration due to gravity(g)

=10m/s,

Time(t) = 1 s

To find : Height ( s ) , velocity ( v )

Formulae : 1. s = ut + ½ gt ²

2. v² = u² + 2 gs

Calculation : from formula (1)

s= 0 × t + ½ × 10 × 1² = 5m

From formula (2)

v² = 0+2×10×5

Therefore, v²=100

Therefore, v=10m/s

Ans: 1. The velocity of the ball when it reaches the ground is 10m/s

2. The height of the table is 5 m.

5. An object thrown vertically upwards reaches a height of 500 m. What was its initial velocity? How long will the object take to come back to the earth? Assume g = 10m/s²

Solution:

Given: Height ( s ) = 500m , acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10m/s²

To find: 1. Initial velocity ( u)

2. Total time taken

Formulae: 1.v²=u²+2as

2.s=ut+½at²

Calculation: For upward motion of the ball,(v)=0

a = -g = -10m/s²

From formula ( i )

0 = u² + 2 ( -10 ) × 500

u² = 10000

Therefore, u² = 100m/s

For downward motion of the ball,

(u) = 0 .

a = g = 10m/s²

From formula ( 2 )

500 = 0 +½ × 10t²

Therefore, t² = 500

-------- = 100

Therefore t = 10 s

Time for upward journey of the ball will be the same as time for downward journey i.e.,10 s.

Ans:1. The initial velocity of the object is 100m/s.

2. The total time taken by the object to reach the height and come down is 20 s

6.A tennis ball is thrown up and reaches a height of 4.05 m before coming down. What was its initial velocity? How much total time will it take to come down? Assume ji = 10m/s²

Solution:

Given: distance travelled by the ball ( s ) = 4.05 m, acceleration a=g=10m/s²

To find: 1. Initial velocity (u)

2. Time taken (t)

Formula: 1.v²=u²+2as

2.s=ut+½at²

Calculation: for upward motion of the ball, (v)=0.

a=-g=-10m/s²

Power formula (i)

0=u²+2(-10)×4.05

Therefore,u²=81

Therefore,u=9m/s

For downward motion of the ball

(u)=0.

a=g=10m/s²

For formula (2).

4.05=0+½×10t²

Therefore, t² = 4.05

--------- = 0.81

Therefore, t=0.9 s

Time for upward journey of the ball will be the same as time for downward journey i.e.,0.9 s.

Ans:1. The initial velocity of the ball is 9m/s

2. The total time taken by the ball to reach the ground is 1.8 s.

TYPE 4 | ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY

FORMULA: on the earth surface, g=GM

------

R²

1. The mass and weight of an object on earth are 5 kg and 49 N respectively. What will be their values on the moon? Assume that the acceleration due to gravity on the moon is 1/6th of that on the earth.

Solution:

Given: Mass on the earth(me)=5kg, weight on earth(We)=49N,

Acceleration due to gravity on moon (gm)=9.8/6=1.63m/s²

To find: mass(mm), weight(Wm)on moon

Formula: Wm=mmgm

Calculation: the mass of the object is independent of gravity and remains unchanged i.e 5 kg.

From formula,

Wm=5×1.63

Therefore, Wm=8.15N

Ans: On moon the mass of the object is 5 kg and weight is 8.15 N.

2. The radius of planet A is half the radius of planet B. If the mass of A is Ma, What must be the mass of B so that the value of g on B is half that of it's value on A?

Solution:

Given: For planet A : mass = Ma,

radius Ra=Rn

------

Acceleration due to gravity=gA

For planet B:radius =Rb,

Acceleration due to gravity gb=gA

-----

To find: mass of planet B(Mb)

Formula : g=GM

--------

R²

Calculation: from formula

Ma gaRa² G

------ = ---------- × -------

Mb G gbRb²

........(substituting for Ra and gb)

Therefore, Ma 1

-------- = ------

Mb 2

Therefore, Mb=2Ma

Ans: the mass of planet B is 2Ma.

TYPE 5 | ESCAPE VELOCITY

FORMULA : Vesc=√2GM

-------- = √2gR

1. Calculate the escape velocity on the surface of the moon given the mass and the radius of the moon to be 7.34 × 10²² kg and 1.74 × 10⁶ m respectively.

Solution:

Given: gravitational constant ( G ) = 6.67 × 10-¹¹ Nm²/kg², mass of the moon ( R ) = 1.74 × 10⁶m.

To find: Escape velocity ( Vesc )

Formula: Vesc=√2GM

---------

Calculation: From formula,

Vesc=√2×6.67×10-¹¹×7.34×10²²

-------------------------------------

1.74 × 10⁶

=√97.9×10⁵

--------------

1.74

Therefore, Vesc=2372m/s=2.372km/s

Ans: Escape velocity on the moon is 2.372km/s.

2.What would be the duration of the year if the distance between the earth and sun gets doubled? Will this affect the escape velocity of an object on the surface of the earth?

Solution:

Given: Distance(r')=2r

Time period(T)=365 days

To find: time period (T)

Formula: T²∝r³

Calculation: From formula,

T² r³ r³

--- = ------ = ------

T² r'³ 8r³

Therefore, T'=√8T = √8(365)

Therefore, T ' = 1032.37 days

For an object on the surface of the earth, it's escape velocity is independent of radius of orbit, hence this will not affect its escape velocity.

I hope you understand in easy sentences

What is Force with Example | Types of Forces with Examples

2021-09-28T07:37:00.011+05:30

Don't clink on this 👇👇

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1) What is force ?

Force is also known as energy which is applied by any object do other object.Force occurs by change in motion

If we changed the position of any object then we changed the position of any object then we require every from our body.

Thus,from energy a force is created.After applying the force a position of any object will be changed.

2)Types of force :

1) Muscular force

2) Mechanical force

3) Frictional force

4) Gravitational force

5) Electrostatic force

6) Magnetic force

7) Centripetal force

8) Centrifugal force

9) Nuclear force

1) Muscular force

Muscular force done by our muscles, due to this they are called muscular force.

For example,

You are lifting any object then your muscles are used for this activity.

Thus, muscular force occur.

Because your are putting a force by your muscles.

Another example is,

A person name is John.

While doing exercise daily,during exercise his muscles are used to do the activities.

When we are Jumping,running,climbing,etc.A force occur which is known as muscular force because we use our muscles to do any activity.

2) Mechanical force

In simple sentence,

A force which is generated by any machine is called mechanical force.

Let us take few examples,

1) Sharpening a pencil with a sharpener.

Pencil is object and sharpener is small machine which is used to sharp a pencil.

2) Making a hole into wood by hand drill.

Hand drill is a machine which we used to make a hole in wood.

3) Frictional force

Frictional force occur by two surfaces which they contact against each other .

The main reason of frictional force is the force of attraction between two object.

For example,

If an object is placed against a object then between those object a invisible force if created due to force of attraction between those object.

Now, there are some types of friction.

So, what are the types of force friction ?

1)what is kinetic friction force?

In a simple word,

When you move a book from desk slightly then those of book feels a some type of friction means a force that acts on moving object.

This force is known as kinetic friction force.

It occur when the two surface (means surface of book ) and desk ( surface of desk ) are rub against each other.

2)What is static friction force?

Static friction is a type of friction force that keep an object at a rest position ( no motion )

Suppose of a book is put on a desk and not moving this is because of a type Of friction force which is known as static friction force.

For example,

A car parked on a hill because of static friction force which help to parked the car without any motion.

3)What is rolling friction force?

Rolling friction happens when a ball,wheel and cylinder rolls on the surface freely, because of falling friction force.

That's why we called rolling friction force.

Rolling friction is one of the types of kinetic friction.

It is because they comes into force when one body rolls over the other surface.

For example,

A wheel of a car rolls on the surface of earth because of rolling friction force.

These are the types of friction force.

What is psychology with examples

Kepler's laws of planetary motion | Defination and Examples

4)What is gravitational force?

The gravitational force is a type of force at which object get attracted by gravity force.

Gravitational force pulls object to the earth gravity

That's why this is known as gravitational force.

For example,

If you throw a ball in the air then the gravitational force will be apply on the ball so then after ball fall down to the earth's surface.

5) What is Electrostatic force?

Electrostatic force is the type of force at which electricity charged particles or some objects between them are exist.

For example ,

1) If we rub the scale with our hair while applying oil then Electrostatic force are produces.

2) Balloons get attracted to another balloon when one of then are rubbed with hair.

In a simple sentence,

When we rubbed some objects or materials then a type of force are create is known as Electrostatic.

6) What is magnetic force?

Magnetic force can attract or repel (push away) objects which have magnetic materials like irons inside magnetic objects are known as Magnetic force.

In a simple sentences,

A magnetic force attracted (pull) or repel (push) any object.

For example,

A magnet can pick a iron or coin due to force between magnetic field of magnet.

7) what is centripetal force?

It is a type of force that acts on any objects moving into a circular path and these force are directed (come) towards the centre at which a object moving.

For example ,

1)A stone tired to a string moving along a circular path.

In simple sentence,

Centripetal force always directed toward the centre of the circle.

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8) What is Centrifugal force?

Centrifugal force is a unvisible type of force which direct outward from the centre of a circle where object is moving.

For example,

Let suppose, A car moving on a circular road then two types of force will be apply on car.

1) Centripetal force

2) Centrifugal force

Centripetal force directed toward the centre of circle while Centrifugal directed toward from the circle.

Both force directed from inward and outward balanced the direction of car.

Point to remember

Any object moving in a circular path are due to centripetal and Centrifugal force.

9) What is Nuclear force?

Nuclear force which is also known as strong force or Nuclear interactions.

The force that acts between two or more nucleons (proton and neutrons are known as nucleons) into atomic nuclei (centre of atom) is called Nuclear force.

For example,

1) This force is used in Nuclear weapon to destroy any huge objects.

This force is responsible for immense destruction power by Nuclear weapons.

2) They are also used in Nuclear Power plant to generate(produce) energy and electricity.

I HOPE YOU UNDERSTAND IN EASY SENTENCES.

meaning of justice for the boy | Get Easy Sentences

2021-09-14T08:23:00.002+05:30

meaning of justice for the boy ?

Here is , 👇

The meaning for justice is fair also know as equality. If anyone is not getting justice for any purpose and he is a boy then we write sentence like justice for boys .in simple words justice for the boy means fair rights for boys .

Earth's gravitational acceleration | Acceleration due to gravity | Gravitational force

2021-09-10T20:38:00.001+05:30

Earth’s gravitational acceleration

The earth exerts gravitational force on objects near it. According to Newton’s second law of motion, a force acting on a body results in its acceleration. Thus, the gravitational force due to the earth on a body results in its acceleration. This is called acceleration due to gravity and is denoted by ‘g’.

Acceleration is a vector quantity. As the gravitational force on any object due to the earth is directed towards the centre of the earth, the direction of the acceleration due to gravity is also directed towards the centre of the earth i.e. vertically downwards.

A. Change along the surface of the earth : Will the value of g be the same everywhere on the surface of the earth? The answer is no.

Earth

The reason is that the shape of the earth is not exactly spherical and so the distance of a point on the surface of the earth from its centre differs somewhat from place to place. Due to its rotation, the earth bulges at the equator and is flatter at the poles. Its radius is largest at the equator and smallest at the poles. The value of ' g 'is thus highest(9.832 m/s²) at the poles and decreases slowly with decreasing latitude. It is lowest (9.78 m/s²) at the equator.

B. Change with height : As we go above the earth’s surface, the value of r ( radius ) increases and the value of g ( gravity )decreases. However, the decrease is rather small for heights which are small in comparison to the earth’s radius. For example, remember that the radius of the earth is 6400 km. If an aeroplane is flying at a height 10 km above the surface of the earth, its distance from the earth’s surface changes from 6400 km to 6410 km and the change in the value of g due to it is negligible. On the other hand, when we consider an artificial satellite orbiting the earth, we have to take into account the change in the value of g due to the large change in the distance of the satellite from the centre of the earth. Some typical heights and the values of g at these heights are given in the following table.

Read More :

1) What is psychology

2) How to use prefix and suffix in sentences

3) Speech on farewell day

4)Direct and indirect speech | English grammer

5) Kepler's three laws of planetary motion

C. Change with depth : The value of g also changes if we go inside the earth. The value of r ( radius )in decreases and one would think that the value of g ( gravity ) should increase as per the formula. However, the part of the earth which contributes towards the gravitational force felt by the object also decreases. Which means that the value of M ( Mass ) also decreases. As a combined result of change in r and M, the value of g decreases as we go deep inside the earth.

Every planet and satellite has different mass and radius. Hence, , the values of g on their surfaces are different. On the moon it is about 1/6th of the value on the earth. As a result, using the same amount of force, we can jump 6 times higher on the moon as compared to that on the earth.

Remember this point 👇👇👇

1) Formula of acceleration due to gravity is

g = GM
R²

2) this are inversely proportional which means if value g increases then value of r decreases while r if increases then g decrease or G stand for universal gravitational constant and M stand for mass of any object and r for radius of planet

3) Value of universal gravitational constant is same at whole universe while value of g is different.

Value of G is

6.67 × 10 ^ -11 Nm²/Kg-²

Value of g is

9.8 m/s²

I hope you understand easily about earth’s gravitational acceleration

what is psychology | definition | Get easy sentences

2021-05-13T19:23:00.001+05:30

What is Psychology

Introduction

Although psychology is new for us in terms of study, we are aware of this subject from our childhood,

because we have been observing different forms of emotions, behaviour, moods of human beings.
Human behaviour is full of diversity. This diversity amazes us. When we open daily newspaper ,
watch news on T.V. we see different aspects of human behaviour.

The history of Psychology

Psychology is a vast field studying behaviours
aspects of mankind. This makes it difficult to
define psychology precisely and in concrete
terms.

Psychology did not emerge directly as a science.
It started as a branch of philosophy. It evolved as a separate branch later 19th century.
Plato believed that knowledge is innate, whereas
John Locke thought that each child is born as an empty slate´ and that knowledge is primarily acquired through learning and experience.

Plato - Athenian philosopher

John Locke - English philosopher

Science of soul

The first attempt to define psychology was
made on the basis of the terminology used. The
word Psychology was derived from two Greek
words – ‘Psyche’ and ‘Logos’. Psyche means
soul or mind and logos means science or branch of knowledge. Thus psychology was meant to bethe Science or branch of knowledge that deals
with soul or mind.

But later psychologists were not satisfied with
this definition. To them, soul was difficult to
study as it could neither be visualized nor could be described in concrete terms.

Heat | Defination | Examples

Preposition grammer | Defination | uses and examples

Both Soul and mind are abstract concepts.
Rational Sciences establish their facts from observation and experimentation. If Psychology is a Science, it must be based on some sort of
observation and experimentation. However ,
neither soul nor mind can be observed. Wecannot see or touch them. We can’t describe its nature nor can we say where it exists. Therefore, the definition of psychology was modified.

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence

How to use prefix and suffix in English | Defination and Examples

2021-04-26T18:27:00.001+05:30

Prefix and suffix

Words that are not derived, compounded or developed from other words are called primary words.

Secondary words are formed by the addition of words/letters/part of a word wither at the beginning or the end of primary word.

A prefix is defined as a word or a part of a word which is placed at the beginning of the primary word to form a new word.

E.g
1.corruption-anticorruption
2.agree-disagree
3.action-interaction

A suffix is defined as a word or a part of a word which is placed at the end of a primary word to form a new word.

E.g
1.consider-consideration
2.faith-faithful
3.bank-banking

Solved examples

1. Add suitable prefixes to the following words to make new meaningful words.

1.usual

2.moral
3.human
4.appear
5.mobile
Ans:
1.unusual
2.immoral
3.inhuman
4.disappear
5.immobile

2.Add suitable suffixes to the following words to make new meaningful words.

1.measure
2.preapare
3.evaluate
4.pay
5.interpret

PRATICE EXERCISE

1.Add suitable prefixes to the following words to make new meaningful words.

1.frequent
2.personal
3.articulate
4.face
5.boot
6.stand
7.go
8.tell
9.deed
10.give

2.Add suitable suffixes to the following words to make new meaningful words.

1.cheer
2.agree
3.move
4.feel
5.repent
6.duck
7.grow
8.hard
9.free
10.wise

ANSWER KEY

1.infrequent
2.impersonal
3.inarticulate
4.deface
5.reboot
6.withstand
7.forego
8.foretell
9.indeed
10.forgive

2.
1.cheerful
2.agreeable
3.movement
4.feeling
5.repentance
6.duckling
7.growth
8.hardship
9.freedom
10.wisdom

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence

Preposition: Definition, Uses and Examples

2021-04-18T19:36:00.000+05:30

A preposition is a word or phrase that connects a noun or pronoun to the other words in a sentence. The preposition used at by, for, from, out, in,till, with, above,across,along,inside,outside,over underneath,within etc.

E.g.
1. The boy ate the chips that were lying on the plate.
2. The necklace was placed around her neck.

Solved examples

1. Fill in the blanks with suitable preposition.

1. The bracelet was securely placed ___ its cover.
Ans. The bracelet was securely place (in) its cover.

2. Alka sat ___her sick child.
Ans.Alka sat (beside) her sick child.

3. Talking ___others ___ their backs is what I dislike.
Ans. Talking (about) others (behind) their backs is what I dislike.

4. The old man sat ___ the shade of The Banyan Tree to get some rest.
Ans. The old man sat (under) the shade of The Banyan Tree to get some.

5. Nina and her family love ___ our house.
Ans. Nina and her family live (near) our house.

Practice exercise

1. Fills In the blanks with suitable preposition.

1.Amit I was never able to recover ___the financial crisis.

2. The Kulkarni is stated in the flat right ___ ours.

3. A man is known ___ the company he keeps.

4. There seemed to be no communication ___ us.

5. Vitthal was least bothered ___ his wife and children.

6. Ramnik, please be clear, don't beat ___
the bush.

7. The baby spilt the milk all ___ the bedsheet.

8. One has to walk ___a river to reach our village.

9.tea is best had __ Some tasty snacks.

10. She placed her hand ___ his forehead to check whether he was ill.

Read more :

Transformation of sentences | Grammar

Infinitive english grammar

Answer key

1.
1. Amit was never able to recover (from) the financial crisis.
2. The Kulkarni stayed in the flat (above) ours.
3. Man is known (by) the company he keeps.
4. There seem to be no communication (between)us.
5. Vitthal was least bothered (about) his wife and children.
6. Ramnik please be clear don't beat (about) the bush.
7. The baby is spilt the milk all (over) the bed sheet.
8. One has to walk (across) a river to reach our village.
9. Tea is best had (with) some tasty snacks.
10. She placed her hand (on) his forehead to check whether he was ill.

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence

Speech on Farewell day of class 10 | Speech Writing

2021-04-11T11:50:00.001+05:30

You need to deliver a speech on farewell day of class 10. Prepare a speech with the help of following points:

1) the journey that led to standard 10
2) role played by teacher throughout the school journey
3) the choice of different careers and paths
4) Importance of school in everyone's life

Ans:

Good morning,respected principal,Vice- Principal,teachers and all my dear friends. I,Ms Richa Mistry, would like to speak about our journey of 10 years in this school.

We have spent our entire childhood in the school.it has been our second home. but it is now time for us to step outside and face the world.I'm sure that all of us are excited as well as anxious facing our new life.

We will miss the guidance of care of our teachers,who have been our mentors.the amount of fun we have will decrease as we go on to study further. Friends would be dearly missed and all the memory would be a sweet reminder of the carefree days that we spent here.we would also miss the safe environment of the school and the caring nature of the teachers and the other staffs members.

Teachers,we can never thank you enough for your contribution towards preparing us for a better tomorrow.we will miss you,our school,our school life and always remember what you taught us.

Read more :

Speech on Farewell day in class 10

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence

Direct and indirect speech | English Grammar | Get Easy Sentences

2021-04-09T20:52:00.002+05:30

Direct and indirect speech

The words of a speaker may be reported in two ways:

1. Direct speach: here, whatever the speaker has said, is reported in the same way that he/she has said it.
E.g. She said,"It's cold

2. Indirect speech: here, whatever the speaker has said is reported by a third person, who is not part of the conversation
E.g. She said that it was cold.

Rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech

1. When the reporting verb is in the past tense in indirect speech, the verbs in indirect speech will be written in the corresponding past tense
E.g.
Direct speech: Joe said,"It is time to leave."

Indirect speech:Joe said that it was time to leave.

Direct speech: Tanmay said," I have passed the the examinations."

Indirect speech: Tanmay said that he had passed the examination.

2. The tense of the reported speech remains unchanged is the statement is still relevant to or is a universal truth.
E.g.
Direct speech: the teacher said," all the children have become naughty."

Indirect speech: the teacher said that all the children have become naughty.

Direct speech: Rohan told Sheetal," the sun sets in the West each evening."

Indirect speech: Rohan Tod Sheetal that the sun sets in the West each evening.

3. When the reporting verb is in the present tense, the tenses in the direct speech remained unchanged.
E.g.
Direct speech:he says," I am unwell."

Indirect speech: he says that he is unwell.

4. The pronouns and the direct speech will change, such as the first person pronoun in direct speech will turn into a third person pronoun in indirect speech.

Direct speech: he said," I feel lazy"

Indirect speech: he said that he felt lazy.

5. Words expressing nearness in terms of distance or our time are changed in two words expressing distance.
E.g.
Direct speech: he said to me," you should leave for home now."

Indirect speech: he told me to leave for home then.

6. This and these change to that and those useless these things are near, when the switch is being reported.
E.g.
Direct speech: father said," I am glad to be home this evening."

Indirect speech: father said that he was glad to be home that evening.

https://geteasysentences.blogspot.com/2021/03/degree-of-comparison-english-grammar.html

https://geteasysentences.blogspot.com/2021/02/subject-and-predicate-english-grammar.html

https://geteasysentences.blogspot.com/2021/02/Determiners-grammer.html

SOLVED EXAMPLES

1. The following sentences are given in direct speech. Change them into indirect speech.

1. Rohit said," I am a superstar."
Ans: Rohit said that he was a superstar.

2.' Have you anything to tell me, little bird?' Asked Ulysses.
Ans: Ulysses asked the little bird if if it had anything to tell him.

3.' Can you solve this problem?'He asked me.
Ans: he asked me whether I could solve that problem.

4." Before my condition was diagnosed, I had been very bored with life," said hawking.
Ans:Hawking explained dad before his condition had been diagnosed be had been very bored with life.

5."Yes,I think some of the unfortunate and did not work to my benefit,"said Mary.
Ans: Mary admitted that some of her decision were unfortunate and they did not work to her benefit.

2. The following sentences are given in indirect speech. Change them into to direct speech.

1. Deepak asked her of she would be free the next day to go for a movie with him.
Ans:" Are you free tomorrow to go for a movie with me?"Deepak asked her.

2. The Prince asked the girl if she had come from India.
Ans: "Have you come from India?"said the prince to the girl.

3. My mother gladly offered to cook my favourite dishes that day.
Ans: mother gladly replied," I will cook your favourite dishes today."

4. Subhash Chandra bose asked his countrymen to give him blood and in exchange he would give them freedom.
Ans: Subhash Chandra bose told his countrymen," give me your blood, and I will give you freedom."

5. He exclaimed that it was indeed a beautiful piece of art.
Ans:" what a beautiful piece of art this is!"He said.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

1. The following sentence are given in direct speech. Change into indirect speech.

1. Reema said," I have a bad headache"

2." I have no plans of returning to India," he told her," I plan to settle in Dubai."

3. Raj said," I hope my mother recovers soon."

4."Be quite. I am preparing for exams."

5.she said," my brother is living in Australia."

2. The following sentences are given in indirect speech. Change them into direct speech.

1. She said that she was buying books that day.

2. He enquired whether his name was Amit.

3. My teacher says that if we work hard then we will succeed.

4. Naresh said he wished he could be independent.

5. She told her mother that she was going to the doctor.

Answer key

1. Reema complaint that she had a bad headache.

2. He pointedly told her that he had no plans of returning to India and that he planned to settle in Dubai.

3. Raj hoped that his mother would recover soon.

4. She requested us to be quite while she was preparing for her exam.

5. She Informed that her brother was living in Australia.

2.

1. She said," I am buying books today."

2.He asked,"Isn't your name Amit?"

3. My teacher says," if we work hard, we will succeed."

4. Naresh said," how I wish I were independent!"

5.She said," Mother, I am going to the doctor."

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence

News Report | Get Easy Sentences

2021-04-09T12:07:00.004+05:30

Write a report on the headline " free eye check up camp " with the help of following points :

1) arranged by
2) help to poor people
3) guidance of doctors
4) Aim/purpose
5) conclusion

Free eye check-up camp

Rahul Thakur

student reporter

Mumbai , 17th March 2019

The vervand Medical Foundation ,a government registered Charitable Trust ,organised a free eye check up camp for the poor and needy of the community on Saturday, 16th March 2019. The camp was held under the guidance of Doctors from 'the Varvand Primary Health Care'.

Read More :

1) https://geteasysentences.blogspot.com/2021/02/Transformation-of-sentences-Three-types-of-Sentences-combining-the-sentences%20.html

2) https://geteasysentences.blogspot.com/2021/02/infinitive-english-grammar-exercises.html

The president of the organisation, Dr R.J. Dutta,said that the organization aimed to hold such eye check-up camps frequently,so that common people could get the best medical facilities at a concessional fee,as part of the social responsibility of the trust.Almost 400 patients benefitted from the facilities offered at the champ.

The president of the organization said,"We would like to conduct many such champs that cater to various common ailments.based on the feedback received from the attendees,we would be more than happy to increase the frequency and coverage of such champs to be held in future."

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentences

Kepler's Three law of planetary motion | Defination | Diagram | About Kepler

2021-03-03T19:31:00.002+05:30

Kepler's laws

Planetary motion had been observed by astronomers since ancient times. Before Galileo, all observation of the planets positions where made with naked eyes. By the 16th century a lot of data were available about planetary position and motion. Johanness Kepler,studied these data . He notice that the motion of planets follow certain laws. He stated three laws describing planetary motion.

These are known as Kepler's laws which are given below :

Kepler's First Law :
The orbit of a planet is an ellipse ( oval shape ) with the sun at one of the foci ( two focus )

Kepler's first law ,said that orbit of a planet is an ellipse means ,(oval shape) with the sun at one of the foci means the position of sun will be on first or second focus .

Figure Show,The elliptical orbit of a Planet revolving around the sun the position of the sun is indicated by

Kepler's Second law :

The line joining the planet and the sun sweeps equal areas in equal interval of time.

Ab and CD are distances covered by the planet in equal time that is after equal interval of time ,the position of the planet starting from A and C are shown by B and D respectively. the straight line AS and CS equal areas in equal interval of time that is area ASB and CSD are equal.

Planets move faster when comes closer to the sun and move slower when far from the sun.

Read more:

Heat | Defination | Types of Heat

Kepler's third law :

The cube of the Mean distance ( Average Distance ) of the planet from the sun is directly proportional to the square of Orbital period of revolution of a planet around the sun.

What is directly and inversely proportional ?

1) directly proportional
Suppose two planets are there ,if the mass of one planet is increase then the mass of other planets will be also increase .

2)inversely proportional
Suppose two ice are there, if the mass of one ice is increase then the mass of other ice decrease.

This law said that, the cube of average distance from the planet is equal if we square the Orbital period of revolution of a planet.

Introduction to scientists

Johannes Kepler ( 1571-1630 ) was a German astronomer and mathematician.
He started working as a helper to the famous astronomer Tycho Bahe in Prague in 1600. After the sudden death of
Bahe 1601,Kepler was appointed as the royal mathematician in his place. Kepler used the observation of planetary position made by brahe to discover the laws of planetary motion. He wrote several books. His work was later used by Newton in postulating his law of gravitation.

For Detail Explaination watch our video

👇👇 click this link

Kepler's law of planetary motion | Hindi

I hope you understand the three laws of Kepler's in easy sentence

Degree of comparison english grammar | Examples | Get easy sentences

2021-03-01T19:47:00.000+05:30

Degree of comparison

Most adjective have three forms of comparison - positive ,comparative and superlative. they are called as degrees of comparison.

1) The positive degree is used to state the existence of a quality.
For example. smart, worthy

2)The comparative degree is used to compare between two items groups or persons
For example. smarter, worthier

3)The superlative degree is used to state the highest degree between three or more items ,groups or persons.
For example . Smartest ,worthiest

Solved examples

Q.1 ) Do as directed :

1)Most animals are not as brave as the lion.
( change to superlative)
Ans. The lion is one of the bravest animal.

2) ramnik is not as wise as he seems to be. ( change to comparative)
Ans. Ramnik seems wiser than he is.

3)Meeta's drawing was better than her handwriting. ( change to positive )
Ans. Meeta's handwriting was not as good as her drawing.

4) Mrs. Khan make the best biryani in the whole city. ( change to comparative )
Ans. No other person in the whole city makes better Biryani than Mrs. Khan.

5) The Kingfisher is the most beautiful bird. ( change to comparative )
Ans. No other bird is more beautiful than the Kingfisher.

6) Very things are as bright as the stars on a clear dark night.
( change to superlative )
Ans. The stars on a clear dark night are one of the brightest things.

7)His father is angrier at today then he was yesterday. ( change to positive )
Ans. Yesterday ,his father was not as angry as he is today.

8) the most important facts today is to persuade mrs.smith. ( change to positive)
Ans. Today no other task is as important as pursuading Mrs. Smith.

9) No one in our family is as educated as my mother. ( change to superlative )
Ans. My mother is the most educated in our family.

10) The glass figurine was the smallest one that Aman had seen.
( change to comparative)
Ans. The glass figurine was smaller than any that Aman had seen.

Practice exercise

Q.1 ) Do as Directed :

1)Our house is one of the most spacious houses in the locality.
( change to positive )
ANS.

2)These chillies are not as spicy as the ones I purchased from the vendor.
( change to comparative )
Ans.

3) Lakshman speaks faster than a parrot.
( change to positive)
Ans.

4) A wise enemy is better than a foolish friend. ( change to positive )
Ans.

5) Shivaji was braver than most other king of his time. ( change to positive )
Ans.

6) This is the most precious moment in my life. ( change to positive)
Ans.

7) Ramya is smarter than both her brothers. ( change to positive)
Ans.

8) This is not the longest trek that I have completed. ( change to comparative)
Ans.

9)Few students worked as hard as Reema on their projects.
( change to comparative )
Ans.

10) It is cheaper to rent an outfit than to buy a few one. ( change to positive)
Ans.

Read more :

Infinitive english | grammar | Exercises

Subject and predicate | english grammar | Exercises

Wh- question | english grammar | Excercises

Transformation of sentences | english grammar | Exercises

Answers

1) few ouses in the locality are as spacious our house.

2) Even a parrot does not speak as fast as Lakshman.

3) The chillies that I purchased from the vendor was spicier than these.

4) A foolish friend is not as good as a wise enemy.

5) Very few other kings of Shivaji's time were as brave as he was.

6) No other moment in my life is as precious as this.

7) Both her brothers are not as smart as Ramya.

8) I have completed longer trek than this one.

9) Reema worked harder than most students did on their projects.

10) Buying an outfit is not as cheap as renting it.

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence .

Heat | Defination | Types of Heat | Get easy sentences

2021-02-28T11:55:00.000+05:30

Heat Image

What is heat ?

Heat is a form of energy which is transform in object. you may see various types of energy are present in our universe. for example ,heat energy, kinetic energy ,light energy etc. they are various types of energy.

What is the specific latent heat of fusion ?

The amount of heat energy absorbed at constant temperature by unit mass of solid to convert into liquid state is called the specific latent heat of fusion.

What is specific latent heat of vaporization ?

The amount of heat energy absorb at constant temperature by unit mass of a liquid to convert into gaseous phase( state )is called the specific latent heat of vaporization.

Different substances have different melting points and boiling points. the value of melting point and boiling point and latent heat depends on atmospheric pressure.

here are the some substances which have their melting point and boiling point and latent of fusion and latent heat of vaporization .

the list are below downward,

Principle of Heat Exchange

If heat is exchange between Hot and Cold object ,the temperature of the cold object goes on increasing due to gain of energy and the temperature of the hot object goes on decreasing due to loss of energy. In change in temperature continues till the temperature of both objects attain the same value. In this process the cold object gain heat energy and hot object loses heat energy . if the system of both object is isolated from the environment by keeping in inside heat resistance box ( meaning that energy exchange takes place between the two object only ) then no energy can flow from outside the box or come into the box . In this situation we get the following principal, heat energy lost by the hot object is = heat energy gained by the cold objects is called as principal of heat exchange.

Unit of heat

The units of heat are joule ( J ) in SI units, cal ( calorie ) in CGS units.
The amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 g ( gram ) of water by 1°C from 14.5 °C to 15.5 °C is called one kcal Heat.

It is clear that ( 1 kcal ( kilocalorie ) = 1000 cal ( calorie) )

Specific heat capacity

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of unit mass of an object by 1° C is called the specific heat capacity.

The specific heat capacity is donated by letter ' C ' the SI unit of specific heat is J/° C kg ,and the CGS unit is cal/g ° C.

Here,the list of some substance

1) water - ( specific heat is 1.0 cal/g ° C )

2) paraffin - ( specific heat is 0.54 cal/g ° C )

3) kerosene - ( specific heat is 0.52 cal/g ° C )

4) Aluminium - ( specific heat is 0.215 cal/g ° C )

5 ) Iron - ( specific heat is 0.110 cal/g ° C )

6) copper - ( specific heat is 0.095 cal/g ° C )

7) silver - ( specific heat is 0.056 cal/g ° C )

8 ) mercury - ( specific heat is 0.033 cal/g ° C )

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence

Infinitive | english grammar | exercises

2021-02-25T19:42:00.000+05:30

Infinitive

An infinitive is the verb form that has ' to' at the beginning.

E.g to respect our parents is our duty.

In the above sentence the infinitive 'to' respect is the subject of the verb 'is '.

Solved examples

Q.1 ) Combine together the following pairs of sentences by using infinitives.

1) Every cricket team has a captain. he direct the other players.
Ans. Every cricket team has a captain to direct the other players.

2) He went to Amritsar. he wanted to visit the Golden Temple.
Ans. He went to Amritsar to visit the Golden Temple.

3) the old man now has little energy left to cannot take his morning constitutional Exercises.
Ans. The old man now has little energy left to take his morning constitutional exercise.

4) I speak the truth .I am not afraid of it.
Ans. I am not afraid to speak the truth.

5) the course was detailed enough. it would be widen his knowledge base.
Ans. The course was detailed enough to widen his knowledge base.

Pratice exercise

Q.1 ) Combine together the following pairs of sentences by using infinitives.

1) the Strikers held a meeting. They wished to discuss the terms of the employers employers.

2) he has some bills.he must pay them.

3) he collects old stamps even at great expense .this is his hobby.

4) they did not keep James as the Treasurer. It was a big mistake.

5) he did not have a Rupee with him.he could not buy a loaf of bread.

6) the grapes are too sour. we cannot eat them.

7) He want to earn his livelihood . He work hard for that reason.

8) the robber took out a knife. he wanted to frighten the old man.

9) this is very heavy. you cannot lift it.

10) she visit the poor. she want to relieve them of their sufferings

Read more:

Answers

Q.1 )

1) The Strikers held a meeting to discuss the terms of the employers.

2) He has some bills to pay.

3) It is hobby to collect old stamps even at great expense.

4)It was a big mistake not to keep James as the treasurer.

5)He did not have a Rupee with him to buy a loaf of bread.

6)The grapes are too sour for us to eat them.

7)he works hard to earn his livelihood.

8) The robber took out a knife to frighten the old man.

9)This is too heavy for you to lift.

10)She visited the poor to relieve them of their sufferings.

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence.

Subject and predicate | English grammar | Get easy sentences

2021-02-23T20:13:00.000+05:30

Subject and predicate

Sentences has two parts : a subject and a predicate.

1) subject is a part which name the person or thing that we are speaking about.

2) predicate is a part which tell us something about the subject.

For example:

Australia is the largest island in the world.

Australia is subject and the remaining part which is the largest island in the world is predicate.

A predicate can be of the following types :

1) verb + object

E.g ) a leader guides his followers.

Guide - verb
Followers - object

2) verb + complement

E.g ) He was asleep.

Was - verb
Asleep - complement

3) verb + adverbial

E.g ) she ran upstairs.

Ran - verb
Upstairs - adverbial

Solved Examples

Q.1 ) identify the Subject and predicate in the following sentences.

1. We cannot afford to exhaust our natural resources
ANS. We - subject
cannot afford to exhaust our natural resources - predicate

2) all the money in the world couldn't have saved her.
ANS. all the money in the world - subject
couldn't have saved her - predicate

3) nature is the best teacher.
ANS. Nature - subject
is the best teacher - predicate

4) the doctor advised him to go on a long holiday.
ANS. the doctor - subject
advised him to go on a long holiday - predicate

5) the singing of the birds delights us.
ANS. the singing of the birds - subject
delights us - predicate

Q.2 ) write whether the predicates in the following sentences have an object a complement or an adverbial

1) Manisha wears glasses.
ANS. wears glasses - complement

2) Harsha wanted to talk to her father.
ANS. wanted to talk to her father - object

3) the book is kept over there.
ANS. is kept over there - Adverbial

4) he is always cheerful.
ANS. is always cheerful - complement

5) Rama sang beautifully.
ANS. sang beautifully - Adverbial

Practice Exercises

Q.1 ) identify the Subject and predicate in the following sentences.

1) the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

2) I haven't heard from him since then.

3) like forces repel each other.

4) A stitch in time saves nine.

5) reaching on time was our objective.

6) the tie which I gifted him is stolen.

7) the doctor handed the patient his medicines.

8) several thousand people attended the funeral yesterday.

9) the expression on her face confused us.

10 ) the novel was written by Shashi.

Q.2 ) write whether the predicates in the following sentences have an object a complement or an adverbial

1) Megha is unwell.

2) deep Grinned sheepishly.

3) Ranjan was called by the principal.

4) Karan went out with his friends.

5) Nehal is very smart.

Read more:

Determiners grammar

Participles gerund | English grammar

Active and passive voice | English grammar |

Answers

Q.1 )

1) the hand that rocks the cradle - subject
Rules the world - predicate

2) I - subject
Haven't heard from him since then - predicate

3) like forces - subject
Repel each other - predicate

4) The tie which I gifted him - subject
Is stolen - predicate

5) A stitch in time - subject
Saves nine - predicate

6) reaching on time - subject
Was our objective - predicate

7) the doctor - subject
Handed the patient his medicines - predicate

8) several thousand people - subject
Attended the funeral yesterday - predicate

9 ) the expression on her face - subject
Confused us - predicate

10 ) The novel - subject
Was written by shashi - predicate

Q.2 )

1) is unwell - complement

2) Grinned sheepishly - Adverbial

3) wall called by his principal - object

4) went out with his friends - object

5 ) is very smart - complement

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence

Transformation of sentences | Three types of Sentences | combining the sentences

2021-02-21T20:30:00.001+05:30

Transformation of sentences |

Generally the sentences are of three types :

1) simple

2) compound

3) complex

1) simple sentences:
A simple sentence is the one which has a subject, predicate and a finite verb ( finite is a form of verb that complements a subject and can function of an independent clause)and it is independent clause.

Examples:

1) the sun shines brightly.

2) the bus was late.

3) I looked for ram at the stop.

2) Compound sentences:
compound sentence is the one which is made up of two or more simple sentence and it is usually connected with one of the surrounding conjunctions - and, for ,nor, but or yet, so.

Examples :

1) Jim waited for the train but it was late.

2) it rained heavily and we wear drenched.

3) Riya left before I arrived so I did not see her.

3) complex sentences :
A complex sentence is the one which is made up of at least one main clause and one or more dependent clause usually connected with one of the surrounding conjunction -after, although, because ,if ,since, when, while, whenever,though, unless ,wherever, as.

Examples:

1) he returned home because he was tired.

2) Tony visited the trevi fountain, which is in rome.

3) my mom smiled when I made dinner because she knew how inexperienced was.

Solved examples :

Q.1 ) convert the following into Simple sentences.

1) we must eat, or we cannot live.
Ans. We must eat to live.

2) Seema got off her bicycle and Parked it aside.
Ans. Getting off her bicycle ,Seema parked it aside.

3) the exact time when this occurred has not been ascertained.
Ans. The exact time of the occurrence has not been ascertained.

Q.2 ) convert the following into compound sentences.

1) if you do not hurry ,you will miss the train.
Ans. You must hurry or you will miss the train.

2) I am certain that you have made a mistake.
Ans. You have made a mistake and I am certain of this.

3) she did not complete the work because she was lazy.
Ans. She was lazy and did not complete her work.

Q.3 ) convert the following into Complex sentences.

1) he worked hard to pass the examination.
Ans. He worked hard so that he could pass the examination.

2) the doctor must come at once or the patient may die.
Ans. If the doctor does not come at once, the patient may die.

3) In his boyhood, Lincoln did not go to school.
Ans. When Lincoln was a boy, he did not go to school.

Pratice exercise

Q.1 ) convert the following into Simple sentences.

1) I believe that God exists.
Ans.

2) The statue that was made of marble was brought from Greece.
Ans.

3) He left early from work and headed straight from home.
Ans.

4) as he felt cold ,he lit a fire.
Ans.

5) The hunter took out his gun. He went to shoot the lion.
Ans.

Q.2 ) convert the following into compound sentences.

1) He gave himself up because the fight useless.
Ans.

2) if you come here, you will repent it.
Ans.

3) completing their work for the day ,the carpenters went home.
Ans.

4) Being afraid of heights, he never went trekking.
Ans.

Q.3 ) convert the following into Complex sentences.

1) He bought his uncle's library.
Ans.

2) he put on his hat and went outside.
Ans.

3) he bent down and picked up the paper.
Ans.

4) I was the first to hear the news.
Ans.

5) He admitted to stealing the watch.
Ans.

Answers

Q.1 ) convert the following into Simple sentences.

1) I believe in the existence of god.

2) the marble statue was brought from Greece.

3) leaving early from work, he headed straight from home.

4) feeling cold, he lit a fire.

5) taking out his gun .the hunter went to shoot the lion.

Q.2 ) convert the following into compound sentences.

1) the fight was useless, so he gave himself up.

2) you can come here ,but you will repent it.

3) the carpenters completed their work for the day and went home.

4) He was afraid of heights and never went trekking.

5) He lifted the box ,but with great effort.

Q.3 ) convert the following into Complex sentences.

1) He bought the library which belonged to his uncle.

2) He went outside after putting on his hat.

3) after bending down, he picked up the paper.

4) I was the first who got to hear the news.

5) He admitted that he had stolen the watch.

Combining sentences

1) Combining sentences using ' so..... that or no sooner......than...'

The use of 'so...... that' or ' no
sooner.....than...' to combine the sentences establishes a cause - effect relationship between the two clauses.

Examples:

1) He worked very hard . He was able to repay the loan quickly.
Ans. He worked so hard that he was able to repay the loan quickly.

2) she read the telegram. She fainted at once.
Ans. No sooner did she read the telegram then she fainted at once.

2) remove 'too'

While removing ' too ' from a sentences 'so ....that' is used along with the modal auxiliary such as can, cold ,will, would.

Examples

1) He was too weak to walk.
Ans. He was so weak that he could not walk.

2) she walked too fast for us to catch up with her.
Ans. She walked so fast that we could not catch up with her.

3) Interchanging one part of speech for another.

Examples

1) it costs twelve rupees. ( verb )
Ans. The cost is twelve rupees. ( noun )

2) He gave a curt reply. ( adjective )
Ans. He replied curtly. ( adverb )

Solved examples

Q.1) transform the given sentences as directed in the brackets.

1) Suman is too honest to tell a lie.
( remove ' too ' )
Ans. Suman is so honest that she would never tell a lie.

2) I was excited I couldn't sleep at all.
( use so...that...)
Ans. I was so excited that I couldn't sleep at all.

3) The child saw his mother .He ran towards her.
( use no sooner..than...)
Ans. No sooner did the child see his mother then he ran towards her.

4) He fought courageously.
( change the underlined part of speech to noun form and rewrite )
Ans. He fought with courage.

5) you are too young to get married now.
( Remove ' too)
Ans. You are so young ,that you cannot get married now.

6) the party was very exciting. we enjoy it heartily. ( use so...that..)
Ans. The party was so exciting that we enjoyed it heartily.

7) The boy gave a witty answer.
( change the underlined part of speech to the adverb form and rewrite )
Ans. The boy answered wittily.

8) I had a cup of hot coffee. soon I started feeling better.
( use no sooner...than..)
Ans. No sooner did I have a cup of hot coffee then I started feeling better.

9) he was rewarded handsomely for his bravery.
( change the underlined part of speech to the adjective form and rewrite )
Ans. He was given a handsome reward for his bravery.

10 ) the students saw the principal. they remained silent at once.
( use no sooner...than...)
Ans. No sooner did the students see the principal then they remained silence at once.

READ MORE :
Determiners grammer

Participles gerund | English grammar |

Active and passive voice | english grammar |

Pratice exercise

Q.1) transform the given sentences as directed in the brackets.

1) she is very patient while dealing with the patients. ( change the underline part of speech to adverb form and rewrite )
Ans.

2) the puzzle is too easy for anyone to crack. ( remove ' too' )
Ans.

3) the dog started barking. the thief escaped. ( use no sooner...than..)
Ans.

4) my brother promised that he would come home for Diwali.
( change the underlined part of speech to noun form and rewrite )
Ans.

5) the moment she entered the room , she switched on the lights.
( use no sooner....than..)
Ans.

6) the mob was too unruly to be controlled. ( remove ' too ' )
Ans.

7) when the cat is away the mice come out and play. ( use so...that...)
Ans.

8) she was very charming. I couldn't take my eyes off her. ( use so...that..)
Ans.

9) his paintings are full of creativity.
( change the underlined part of speech to adjective form and rewrite )
Ans.

10 ) He is too simple.he does not understand the games people play.
( remove ' too ' )
Ans.

Read more :

https://geteasysentences.blogspot.com/2021/02/Write-a-letter-to-the-yogacharya-at-yog-Sansthan-Dombivli-east-Mumbai-421201-inviting-him-to-inaugurate-the%20-yoga-club-at-your-school.html

Answers

1) she deals patiently with the patients.

2) the puzzle is so easy that anyone can crack it.

3) no sooner did the dog start barking then the thief escaped.

4) my brother made a promise that he would come home for Diwali.

5) No sooner did she Enter the room, then she switched on the lights.

6) the mob was so unruly that it could not be controlled.

7) no sooner is the cat away then the mice come out and play.

8) she was so charming, that I couldn't take my eyes off her.

9) His paintings are creative.

10 ) He is so simple that he does not understand the games that people play.

I hope you understand this concept in easy sentence.

wh- question | english grammar | Defination | Examples | partice questions

2021-02-17T20:23:00.001+05:30

WH - Question

WH question are those question that begins( starts ) with what, why, when, who, whom, whose, which ,where and how.

1) who, whom,whose

Who, whom and whose are used to refer to person only.

2) which

' Which' implies a question where the answer will most likely be a limited number .it is used for things. it is also used for description.

3) what

" What' may be used to refer the names of things in reference to a person's profession, religion, origin, etc .

4) why

'Why 'it is used for reason.

5) where

'Where' he is used to refer to place of origin ,destination etc.

6) when

'When' is used to refer to time.

7) how

How is used to refer the manner or way in which something is done or to the state of something.

Solved examples

Q.1 )Frame WH question to get the underlined part as answer.

1) my uncle died before I was born.
Ans. When did your uncle die ?

2) I took them out to a nearby restaurant for dinner.
Ans. Where did you take them out for dinner ?

3) I hear the toll of the Church bell.
Ans. What do you hear ?

4) I write to my friend Sam in Australia.
Ans. To whom did you write ?

5) absence make the heart grow fonder.
Ans. What Makes the heart Grow fonder ?

Read more:
Determiners grammer

Participle gerund grammer

Passive and active voice

Letter writing to yog sansthan

Pratice exercise with answers

Q.2 ) Frame WH question to get the underlined part as answer.

1) she found her gold earring near the closet.
Ans.

2) my son Romi broke the antique vase.
Ans.

3) The dishes were piled in the basin.
Ans.

4) The letter from my aunt arrived in
December.
Ans.

5) Sheetal plans to continue her research.
Ans.

6) Reshma work relentlessly to complete her assignment on time.
Ans.

7) The Rose had bloomed in spite of all hurdles.
Ans.

8) my father worked hard to support the family.
Ans.

9) these gold Bangles belong to his late
mother.
Ans.

10 ) Mohit's uncle spoke to loudly that all the residents of the locality where stunned.
Ans.

Answers

1) where did she find her gold earring ?

2) what did your son Romi break ?

3) what was piled in the basin ?

4) what arrived in December ?

5) what does Sheetal plan to do ?

6) who worked relentlessly to complete her assignments on time ?

7) what had bloomed in spite of all hurdles.
Ans.

8) why did your father work hard ?
Ans.

9) To whom do this Bangles belong ?
Ans.

10) who spoke so loudly that all the residents of the locality where stunned?

I hope you understand this concept in easy Sentences.

determiners grammar With Examples

2021-02-14T12:33:00.000+05:30

determiners grammar

Determiners are word that come before a noun or a noun phrase . they indicate whether the noun is specific or general.

Types of determiners :

1) definite article determiner : the

2) indefinite article determiners : a,an

3) demonstrative determiners : this,that,these,those

4) possessive determiners : my,your,his,her,its, our,their

5) quantifier determiners : a few ,a little ,much , many, a lot of ,most ,some ,any ,enough

6) number determiners : one ,ten,thirty

7) distributive determiners : all,both,half,either,neither,each ,every

8) difference word determiners : other,another

9) Pre- determiners : such,what,rather,quite

Solved example :

Q.1 ) In the sentence given below ,pick out the determiners and identify their type.

1) He didn't want to answer that question.
Ans. That - demonstrative determiners

2) Their neighbour adopted another cat.
Ans. Their - possessive determiners
another - difference word determiner

3) another thief was hiding behind the bushes waiting to Grab my necklace.
Ans. Another‐ difference word determiner
The - definite article determiner
My - possessive determiners.

4) almost half the eggs in the basket were broken by the time I reached home.
Ans. Half - distributive determiners
The - definite article determiner

5) there was enough salt in the food, yet Roshan sat glaring at the food in his plate.
Ans. Enough- quantifier determiner
The - definite article determiner
His - possessive determiner

6) every man must rise up to the occasion and fight against the enemy to save his Nation.
Ans. Every - distributive determiner
The - definite article determiner
His - possessive determiner

7) these slippers you purchased for our mother aren't her size.
Ans. These - demonstrative determiners
Our,her - possessive determiners

8) it's a rather small apartment.
Ans. Rather - pre - determiner

9) not one person in the room help the young woman as she slipped and fell.
Ans. One - number determiner
The - definite article determiner

10 ) two wrongs don't make a right.
Ans. Two - number determiner
A - definite article determiner

Pratice exercise

NOTE : ( first you should write with your own answer then you can see our answer which are in down )

In the sentence given below underline the determiners and identify its type.

1) there was a rumour in the air that the country was in danger.
Ans.

2) I like many of her dresses ,but not all are good.
Ans.

3) I have a lot of book, I will write my name on my books.
Ans.

4) our school is taking us to EsselWorld for the picnic.
Ans.

5) Radhika is a Studios girl.
Ans.

6) He knows more people than his wife does.
Ans.

7) the king had two daughters whom he loved very much.
Ans.

8) Hari could Steel here the noise.
Ans .

9) I Rang him up several times, but he didn't answer.
Ans.

10 ) the scientist who invited this machine is no more.
Ans .

Read more : 1) Participles and gerund grammer

2) Passive and active voice Grammer

3) Letter writing to yog sansthan

( Answer )

1 ) a - indefinite article determiner
The - definite article determiner

2) her - possessive determiner

3) a lot of - quantifier determiner
My - possessive determiner

4) our - possessive determiner
The - definite article determiner

5) a - indefinite article determiner

6) more - quantifier determiner
His - possessive determiner

7 ) the - definite article determiner
Two - number determiner

8) the - definite article determiner

9) several - quantifier determiner

10) the - definite article determiner
This - demonstrative determiner

I hope you understand this concept in easy Sentences

Get Easy Sentences

Meaning and Fundamental of Book-keeping class 11 Test | Bk subject maharashtra board | Get Easy sentences

Answers

Q.1)

1) Prepaid expenses is a Personal account.

2) Goodwill is is an intangible asset.

3) Every debit has corresponding Credit.

4) Conventional system of accounting is Indian system.

5) International Accounting day is observed on 10th November.

6) Debit all expenses and losses and Credit all income and gains.

Q.3)

Book-keeping and Accountancy Chapter 1 Test | introduction to Book-keeping and accountancy Test class 11 | Maharashtra board

Q.1 ) Fill in the blanks with correct answers. ( 5 Marks with any 5 )

Q.2) True and false with statement ( 4 marks with any 4 )

Read More : OCM Chapter 1 | Test class 11 | Maharashtra board

Q.3) Name the Following. ( 5 marks with any 5 )

Q.4) Answer in one sentence. ( 6 marks with any 6)

Read more : ocm-chapter-2-trade-test-class-11

Q.5) Explain the concept. ( 5 marks with any 1 )

Answers

Read more : basic-definations-of-accountancy

How many marks you get 🤔 comment me

OCM-Chapter 2 Trade Test | Class 11 | Maharashtra board

Q.1 ) Fill in the blanks with correct answers. ( 5 Marks with any 5 )

Q.2 ) True or False . ( 2 marks with any 2 )

Q.3) Find odd man out. ( 1 marks with any 1 )

Q.4 ) Answer in one sentence. ( 4 marks with any 4 )

Read more : OCM-Chapter-1-Test-Class-11

Q.5) Answer in brief ( 8 marks with any 2 )

Q.6 ) Answer the following. (5 Marks with Attempt any 1 )

Answers :

OCM - Chapter 1 Test | Commerce Class 11 Maharashtra board

Answers

Basic Definations of Accountancy and Book - Keeping

1.1 Meaning and Definition:

Definition of Book-Keeping

Features of Book-keeping:

Objectives of Book-keeping:

1.2 Importance of Book-keeping:

Utility of Book-keeping:

Meaning and Definition of Accountancy:

Definitions:

Basis (Methods) of Accounting System

Read More:

Qualitative characteristics of accounting information

1.Reliability of the Accounting Information:

2. Relevance of the Accounting Information :

3. Understandability of the Accounting Information:

4. Comparability of the Accounting Information:

Basic Accounting Terminologies

Transactions

(a) Monetary Transactions:

(b) Non-Monetary Transactions:

Capital and Drawings:

debtors and creditors:

I you understand in easy sentences hope

400 days book | chetan bhagat | Book review and story line

1 ) Who write 400 days book ?

2) why Chetan bhagat called the biggest selling author ?

3) Story line of 400 days book by Chetan Bhagat.

What is lenses | types of lenses | magnification | Sign convention | power | radius of curvature | principal axis | principal focus | focal length

1) What is lenses?

2) What is Centre of curvature (C) :

3) What is Radius of curvature (R) :

4) What is Principal axis :

5) What is Optical centre (O) :

6) What is Principal focus (F) :

7) What is Focal length (f) :

Three rules of a rays diagram

8) What is Sign convention :

The sign convention is as follows.

9) what is Magnification ( M ) :

10 ) what is Power of a lens (p) :

Combination of lenses

I hope you understand in easy sentences

Gravitation Solve Numericals | Class 10th | Maharashtra Board

Gravitation Solve Numericals

1. KEPLER'S THIRD LAW:

2. GRAVITATIONAL FORCE BETWEEN TWO BODIES:

3. UNIVERSAL GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT:

g = GM
R²