GIS for EN (GIS in English)

Analysis Tools ArcToolbox

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 26 Dec 2022 03:53:00 -0500

An overview of the Analysis toolbox

(ArcGIS, ArcToolbox) Tools

The Analysis toolbox contains a powerful set of tools that perform the most fundamental GIS operations. With the tools in this toolbox, you can perform overlays, create buffers, calculate statistics, perform proximity analysis, and much more. Whenever you need to solve a spatial or statistical problem, you should always look in the Analysis toolbox.

The Analysis toolbox has four toolsets. Each toolset performs specific GIS analysis of feature data:

1. Extract

GIS datasets often contain more data than you need. The Extract tools let you select features and attributes in a feature class or table based on a query (SQL expression) or spatial extraction. The output features and attributes are stored in a feature class or table.

2. Overlay

The Overlay toolset contains tools to overlay multiple feature classes to combine, erase, modify, or update spatial features, resulting in a new feature class. New information is created when overlaying one set of features with another. There are six types of overlay operations; all involve joining two existing sets of features into a single set of features to identify spatial relationships between the input features.

3. Proximity

The Proximity toolset contains tools that are used to determine the proximity of features within one or more feature classes or between two feature classes. These tools can identify features that are closest to one another or calculate the distances between or around them.

4. Statistics

The Statistics toolset contains tools that perform standard statistical analysis (such as mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation) on attribute data as well as tools that calculate area, length, and count statistics for overlapping and neighboring features.

To go to all the analysis Tools, click here.

3D Analyst Tools ArcToolbox

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 25 Dec 2022 08:40:00 -0500

An overview of the 3D Analyst Toolbox

(ArcGIS, ArcToolbox) Tools

The 3D Analyst toolbox provides a collection of geoprocessing tools that enable a wide variety of analytical, data management, and data conversion operations on surface models and three-dimensional vector data.
3D Analyst tools provide the ability to create and analyze surface data represented in raster, terrain, triangulated irregular network (TIN), and LAS dataset formats. 3D data can be converted from a rich variety of formats, including COLLADA, lidar, SketchUp, OpenFlight, and many other data types. Analysis of geometric relationships and feature properties, interpolation of raster and various triangulated irregular network (TIN) models, and analysis of surface properties are only some of the numerous functions provided by the 3D Analyst tools.

Toolsets of 3D Analyst toolbox:

1. 3D Features

Provides tools for evaluating geometric properties and relationships between three-dimensional features.

2. CityEngine

Contains tools that expose some capabilities of Esri CityEngine without requiring Esri CityEngine to be installed.

3. Conversion

Contains tools that convert feature classes, files, LAS datasets, rasters, TINs, and terrains to other data formats. The tools are organized into toolsets based on the data type being converted.

4. Data Management

Provides tools for creating and managing terrain, TIN, and LAS datasets.

5. Functional Surface

Provides analysis tools that evaluate elevation information from raster, terrain, and TIN surfaces.

6. Raster Interpolation

Provides numerous interpolation tools that can produce continuous raster surfaces from a given set of sample points, including hydrologically correct surface models.

7. Raster Math

Features tools that perform mathematical operations on raster datasets.

8. Raster Reclass

Contains tools that enable reclassification of raster data.

9. Raster Surface

Provides analysis tools that enable the determination of raster surface properties, such as contours, slope, aspect, hillshade, and difference calculation.

10. Triangulated Surface

Provides analysis tools that enable the determination of surface properties of TIN, terrain, and LAS datasets, such as contours, slope, aspect, hillshade, difference calculation, volumetric computations, and outlier detection.

11. Visibility

Features tools that enable visibility analysis to be performed using various types of observer features and obstruction sources that include surfaces, multipatches, which are great for representing structures like buildings, and 3D features.

To go to all 3D analysis tools Part 1, click here.

To go to all 3D analysis tools Part 2, click here.

Frequency, Summary Statistics and Tabulate Intersection

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 23 Dec 2022 16:01:00 -0500

Frequency, Summary Statistics and Tabulate Intersection Tools

Frequency

How to use Frequency Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Frequency Tool

Frequency Tool, Statistics Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Frequency

Reads a table and a set of fields and creates a new table containing unique field values and the number of occurrences of each unique field value.

1. Input Table

The table containing the field(s) that will be used to calculate frequency statistics.

2. Output Table

The output table that will store the frequency statistics.

3. Frequency Field(s)

The field(s) used to calculate frequency statistics. Each unique combination of field values will be included as a new row in the output table.

4. Summary Field(s) (optional)

The attribute field(s) to sum and add to the output table. Values will be summed for each unique combination of frequency fields. Null values are excluded from this calculation.

Summary Statistics

How to use Summary Statistics Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Summary Statistics Tool

Summary Statistics Tool, Statistics Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Summary Statistics

Calculates summary statistics for field(s) in a table.

1. Input Table

The input table containing the field(s) that will be used to calculate statistics. The input can be an INFO table, a dBASE table, an OLE DB table, a VPF table, or a feature class.

2. Output Table

The output dBASE or geodatabase table that will store the calculated statistics.

3. Statistics Field(s)

The numeric field containing attribute values used to calculate the specified statistic. Multiple statistic and field combinations may be specified. Null values are excluded from all statistical calculations.

Text attribute fields can be summarized using first and last statistics. Numeric attribute fields can be summarized using any statistic.

Available statistics types are as follows:

SUM—Adds the total value for the specified field.
MEAN—Calculates the average for the specified field.
MIN—Finds the smallest value for all records of the specified field.
MAX—Finds the largest value for all records of the specified field.
RANGE—Finds the range of values (maximum minus minimum) for the specified field.
STD—Finds the standard deviation on values in the specified field.
COUNT—Finds the number of values included in statistical calculations. This counts each value except null values. To determine the number of null values in a field, create a count on the field in question, create a count on a different field that does not contain null values (for example, the OID if present), and subtract the two values.
FIRST—Finds the first record in the input and uses its specified field value.
LAST—Finds the last record in the input and uses its specified field value.

4. Case field (optional)

The fields in the input used to calculate statistics separately for each unique attribute value (or combination of attribute values when multiple fields are specified).

Tabulate Intersection

How to use Tabulate Intersection Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Tabulate Intersection Tool

Tabulate Intersection Tool, Statistics Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Tabulate Intersection

Computes the intersection between two feature classes and cross-tabulates the area, length, or count of the intersecting features.

1. Input Zone Features

The features used to identify zones.

2. Zone Fields

The attribute field or fields that will be used to define zones.

3. Input Class Features

The features used to identify classes.

4. Output Table

The table that will contain the cross-tabulation of intersections between zones and classes.

5. Class Fields (optional)

The attribute field or fields used to define classes.

6. Sum Fields (optional)

The fields to sum from the Input Class Features.

7. XY Tolerance (optional)

The distance that determines the range in which features or their vertices are considered equal. By default, this is the XY Tolerance of the Input Zone Features.

8. Output Units (optional)

Units to be used to calculate area or length measurements. Setting Output Units when the Input Class Features are points is not supported.

Near, Point Distance and Polygon Neighbors

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 22 Dec 2022 07:25:00 -0500

Near, Point Distance and Polygon Neighbors Tools

Near

How to use Near Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Near Tool

Near Tool, Proximity Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Near

Calculates distance and additional proximity information between the input features and the closest feature in another layer or feature class.

1. Input Features

The input features that can be point, polyline, polygon, or multipoint type.

2. Near Features

One or more feature layers or feature classes containing near feature candidates. The near features can be of point, polyline, polygon, or multipoint. If multiple layers or feature classes are specified, a field named NEAR_FC is added to the input table and will store the paths of the source feature class containing the nearest feature found. The same feature class or layer may be used as both input and near features.

3. Search Radius (optional)

The radius used to search for near features. If no value is specified, all near features are considered. If a distance but no unit or unknown is specified, the units of the coordinate system of the input features are used. If the Geodesic option is used, a linear unit such as Kilometers or Miles should be used.

4. Location (optional)

Specifies whether x- and y-coordinates of the closest location on the near feature will be written to NEAR_X and NEAR_Y fields.

Unchecked—Locations will not be written to the output table. This is the default.
Checked—Locations will be written to the output table.

5. Angle (optional)

Specifies whether the near angle will be calculated and written to a NEAR_ANGLE field in the output table. A near angle measures direction of the line connecting an input feature to its nearest feature at their closest location. When the Planar method is used in the Method parameter, the angle is within the range of -180° to 180°, with 0° to the east, 90° to the north, 180° (or -180°) to the west, and -90° to the south. When the Geodesic method is used, the angle is within the range of -180° to 180°, with 0° to the north, 90° to the east, 180° (or -180°) to the south, and -90° to the west.

Unchecked—NEAR_ANGLE will not be added to the output table. This is the default.
Checked—NEAR_ANGLE will be added to the output table.

6. Method (optional)

Determines whether to use a shortest path on a spheroid (geodesic) or a flat earth (planar) method. It is strongly suggested to use the Geodesic method with data stored in a coordinate system that is not appropriate for distance measurements (for example, Web Mercator or any geographic coordinate system) and any analysis that spans a large geographic area.

PLANAR—Uses planar distances between the features. This is the default.
GEODESIC—Uses geodesic distances between features. This method takes into account the curvature of the spheroid and correctly deals with data near the dateline and poles.

Point Distance

How to use Point Distance Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Point Distance Tool

Point Distance Tool, Proximity Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Point Distance

Determines the distances from input point features to all points in the near features within a specified search radius.

1. Input Features

The point features from which distances to the near features will be calculated.

2. Near Features

The points to which distances from the input features will be calculated. Distances between points within the same feature class or layer can be determined by specifying the same feature class or layer for the input and near features.

3. Output Table

The table containing the list of input features and information about all near features within the search radius. If a search radius is not specified, distances from all input features to all near features are calculated.

4. Search Radius (optional)

Specifies the radius used to search for candidate near features. The near features within this radius are considered for calculating the nearest feature. If no value is specified (that is, the default (empty) radius is used) all near features are considered for calculation. The unit of search radius defaults to units of the input features. The units can be changed to any other unit. However, this has no impact on the units of the output DISTANCE field which is based on the units of the coordinate system of the input features.

Polygon Neighbors

How to use Polygon Neighbors Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Polygon Neighbors Tool

Polygon Neighbors Tool, Proximity Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Polygon Neighbors

Creates a table with statistics based on polygon contiguity (overlaps, coincident edges, or nodes).

1. Input Features

The input polygon features.

2. Output Table

The output table.

3. Report By Field(s) (optional)

Input attribute field or fields used to identify unique polygons or polygon groups and represent them in the output.

4. Include area overlaps (optional)

Determines if overlapping area relationships will be analyzed and reported in the output.

Unchecked—Overlapping relationships will not be analyzed and included in the output. This is the default.
Checked—Overlapping relationships will be analyzed and included in the output.

5. Include both sides of neighbor relationship (optional)

Determines if both sides of neighbor relationships will be included in the output.

Checked—For a pair of neighboring polygons, report both neighboring information of one polygon being the source and the other being the neighbor and vice versa. This is the default.
Unchecked—For a pair of neighboring polygons, only report neighboring information of one polygon being the source and the other being the neighbor. Do not include the reciprocal relationship.

6. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance between coordinates before they are considered equal. By default, this is the XY Tolerance of the input features.

7. Output Linear Units (optional)

Units used to report the total length of the coincident edge between neighboring polygons. The default is the input feature units.

8. Output Area Units (optional)

Units used to report the area overlap of neighboring polygons. The default is the input feature units. This parameter is only enabled when the Include area overlaps check box is checked.

Graphic Buffer, Multiple Ring Buffer

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 22 Dec 2022 01:04:00 -0500

Graphic Buffer, Multiple Ring Buffer Tools

Graphic Buffer

How to use Graphic Buffer Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Graphic Buffer Tool

Graphic Buffer Table Tool, Proximity Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Graphic Buffer

Creates buffer polygons around input features to a specified distance. A number of cartographic shapes are available for buffer ends (caps) and corners (joins) when the buffer is generated around the feature.

1. Input Features

The input point, line, or polygon features to be buffered.

2. Output Feature Class

The feature class containing the output buffers.

3. Distance [value or field]

The distance around the input features that will be buffered. Distances can be provided as either a value representing a linear distance or as a field from the input features that contains the distance to buffer each feature.

If linear units are not specified or are entered as Unknown, the linear unit of the input features' spatial reference is used.

4. Caps Type (optional)

The caps (ends) of the input features that will be buffered. This parameter is only supported for point and polygon features.

SQUARE—A square end around the end of a segment. This is the default.
BUTT—End of the buffer of a segment would be perpendicular to the segment.
ROUND—End of the buffer is round around the end of the segment.

5. Join Type (optional)

The shape of the buffer at corners where two segments join. This parameter is only supported for line and polygon features.

MITER—Square or sharp shape around corners. For example, a square input polygon feature will have a square buffer feature. This is the default.
BEVEL—Inner corners will be squared while the outer corner will be chopped off perpendicular to the furthest point of the corner.
ROUND—Inner corners will be squared while the outer corner will be round.

6. Maximum Offset Deviation (optional)

The maximum distance the output buffer polygon boundary will deviate from the true ideal buffer boundary. The true buffer boundary is a curve and the output polygon boundary is a densified polyline. With this parameter you can control how well the output polygon boundary approximates the true buffer boundary.

If the parameter is not set, or is set to 0, the tool will determine the maximum deviation for you. The default is strongly recommended. Severe performance degradation, in the tool itself or in subsequent analysis, could result from using a maximum offset deviation that is too small.

See the Maximum Offset Deviation parameter information contained in the Densify tool documentation for more details.

7. Miter Limit (optional)

Where line segments meet at a sharp angle and a Join Type of MITER has been specified, this parameter can be used to control how sharp corners in buffer output come to a point. In some cases, the outer angle where two lines join is quite large when using the MITER Join Type. This could.

Multiple Ring Buffer

How to use Multiple Ring Buffer Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Multiple Ring Buffer Tool

Multiple Ring Buffer Tool, Proximity Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Multiple Ring Buffer

Creates multiple buffers at specified distances around the input features. These buffers can optionally be merged and dissolved using the buffer distance values to create non-overlapping buffers.

1. Input Features

The input point, line, or polygon features to be buffered.

2. Output Feature class

The output feature class that will contain multiple buffers.

3. Distances

The list of buffer distances. Distances are entered individually and can be committed to the list by pressing the Add button. The Distances list is managed using the side-panel controls.

4. Buffer Unit (optional)

The linear unit to be used with the Distance values. If the units are not specified, or entered as 'Default', the linear unit of the input features' spatial reference is used. If the Buffer Unit is specified as 'Default' and the Output Coordinate System geoprocessing environment has been set, its linear unit will be used.

5. Field Name (optional)

The name of the field in the output feature class that stores the buffer distance used to create each buffer feature. If no name is specified, the default field name is 'distance'. This field will be of type Double.

6. Dissolve Option (optional)

Determines if buffers will be dissolved to resemble rings around the input features.

ALL—Buffers will be rings around the input features that do not overlap (think of these as rings or donuts around the input features). The smallest buffer will cover the area of its input feature plus the buffer distance, and subsequent buffers will be rings around the smallest buffer which do not cover the area of the input feature or smaller buffers. All buffers of the same distance will be dissolved into a single feature. This is the default.
NONE—All buffer areas will be maintained regardless of overlap. Each buffer will cover its input feature plus the area of any smaller buffers.

7. Outside Polygons Only (optional)

Determines if buffers will cover the input features. Valid only for polygon input features.

Unchecked—Buffers will overlap or cover the input features. This is the default.

Checked—Buffers will be rings around the input features, and will not overlap or cover the input features (the area inside the input polygon will be erased from the buffer).

Create Thiessen Polygons, Generate Near Table

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 21 Dec 2022 11:25:00 -0500

Create Thiessen Polygons, Generate Near Table Tools

Create Thiessen Polygons

How to use Create Thiessen Polygons Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Create Thiessen Polygons Tool

Create Thiessen Polygons Tool, Proximity Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Create Thiessen Polygons

Creates Thiessen polygons from point features.

Each Thiessen polygon contains only a single point input feature. Any location within a Thiessen polygon is closer to its associated point than to any other point input feature.

1. Input Features

The point input features from which Thiessen polygons will be generated.

2. Output Feature Class

The output feature class containing the Thiessen polygons that are generated from the point input features.

3. Output Fields (optional)

Determines which fields from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.

ONLY_FID—Only the FID field from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class. This is the default.
ALL—All fields from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.

Generate Near Table

How to use Generate Near Table Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Generate Near Table Tool

Generate Near Table Tool, Proximity Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Generate Near Table

Calculates distances and other proximity information between features in one or more feature class or layer. Unlike the Near tool, which modifies the input, Generate Near Table writes results to a new stand-alone table and supports finding more than one near feature.

1. Input Features

The input features that can be point, polyline, polygon, or multipoint type.

2. Near Features

One or more layer of feature class containing near feature candidates. The near features can be of point, polyline, polygon, or multipoint. If multiple layers or feature classes is specified, a field named NEAR_FC is added to the input table and will store the paths of the source feature class containing the nearest feature found. The same feature class or layer may be used as both input and near features.

3. Output Table

The output table containing the result of the analysis.

4. Search Radius (optional)

The radius used to search for near features. If no value is specified, all near features will be candidates. If a distance is entered, but the unit is left blank or set to Unknown, the units of the coordinate system of the input features are used. If the Geodesic option is used in the Method parameter, a linear unit such as Kilometers or Miles should be used.

5. Location (optional)

Specifies whether x- and y-coordinates of the input feature's location and nearest location of the near feature will be written to FROM_X, FROM_Y, NEAR_X, and NEAR_Y fields.

Unchecked—Locations will not be written to the output table. This is the default.
Checked—Locations will be written to the output table.

6. Angle (optional)

Specifies whether the near angle will be calculated and written to a NEAR_ANGLE field in the output table. A near angle measures direction of the line connecting an input feature to its nearest feature at their closest locations. When the Planar method is used in the Method parameter, the angle is within the range of -180° to 180°, with 0° to the east, 90° to the north, 180° (or -180°) to the west, and -90° to the south. When the Geodesic method is used, the angle is within the range of -180° to 180°, with 0° to the north, 90° to the east, 180° (or -180°) to the south, and -90° to the west.

Unchecked—NEAR_ANGLE will not be added to the output table. This is the default.
Checked—NEAR_ANGLE will be added to the output table.

7. Find only closest feature (optional)

Specifies whether to return only the closest features or multiple features.

Checked—Only the closest near feature will be written to the output table. This is the default.
Unchecked—Multiple near features will be written to the output table (a limit can be specified in the Maximum number of closest matches parameter).

8. Maximum number of closest matches (optional)

Limit the number of near features reported for each input feature. This parameter is disabled if Find only closest feature is checked.

9. Method (optional)

Determines whether to use a shortest path on a spheroid (geodesic) or a flat earth (planar). It is strongly suggested to use Geodesic method with data stored in a coordinate system which is not appropriate for distance measurements (for example, Web Mercator and any geographic coordinate system), or any dataset which spans a large geographic area.

PLANAR—Uses planar distances between the features. This is the default.
GEODESIC—Uses geodesic distances between features. This method takes into account the curvature of the spheroid and correctly deals with data near the dateline and poles.

Buffer Tool

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 20 Dec 2022 06:52:00 -0500

Buffer Tool

How to use Buffer Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Buffer Tool

Buffer Tool, Proximity Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Buffer

Creates buffer polygons around input features to a specified distance.

1. Input Features

The input point, line, or polygon features to be buffered.

2. Output Feature Class

The feature class containing the output buffers.

3. Distance [value or field]

If linear units are not specified or are entered as Unknown, the linear unit of the input features' spatial reference is used.

4. Side Type (optional)

Specifies the sides of the input features that will be buffered.

FULL—For line input features, buffers will be generated on both sides of the line. For polygon input features, buffers will be generated around the polygon and will contain and overlap the area of the input features. For point input features, buffers will be generated around the point. This is the default.
LEFT—For line input features, buffers will be generated on the topological left of the line. This option is not valid for polygon input features.
RIGHT—For line input features, buffers will be generated on the topological right of the line. This option is not valid for polygon input features.
OUTSIDE_ONLY—For polygon input features, buffers will be generated outside the input polygon only (the area inside the input polygon will be erased from the output buffer). This option is not valid for line input features.

This optional parameter is not available with a Desktop Basic or Desktop Standard license.

5. End Type (optional)

Specifies the shape of the buffer at the end of line input features. This parameter is not valid for polygon input features.

ROUND—The ends of the buffer will be round, in the shape of a half circle. This is the default.
FLAT—The ends of the buffer will be flat, or squared, and will end at the endpoint of the input line feature.

This optional parameter is not available with a Desktop Basic or Desktop Standard license.

6. Method (optional)

Specifies the method to use, planar or geodesic, to create the buffer.

PLANAR—If the input features are in a projected coordinate system, Euclidean buffers are created. If the input features are in a geographic coordinate system and the buffer distance is in linear units (meters, feet, and so forth, as opposed to angular units such as degrees), geodesic buffers are created. This is the default. You can use the Output Coordinate System environment setting to specify the coordinate system to use. For example, if your input features are in a projected coordinate system, you can set the environment to a geographic coordinate system to create geodesic buffers.
GEODESIC—All buffers are created using a shape-preserving geodesic buffer method, regardless of the input coordinate system.

7. Dissolve Type (optional)

Specifies the type of dissolve to be performed to remove buffer overlap.

NONE—An individual buffer for each feature is maintained, regardless of overlap. This is the default.
ALL—All buffers are dissolved together into a single feature, removing any overlap.
LIST—Any buffers sharing attribute values in the listed fields (carried over from the input features) are dissolved.

8. Dissolve Field(s) (optional)

The list of fields from the input features on which to dissolve the output buffers. Any buffers sharing attribute values in the listed fields (carried over from the input features) are dissolved.

The Add Field button, which is only used in ModelBuilder, allows expected fields to be added to the Dissolve Field(s) list.

Symmetrical Difference, Union and Update

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 15 Dec 2022 04:57:00 -0500

Symmetrical Difference, Union and Update Tools

Symmetrical Difference

How to use Symmetrical Difference Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Symmetrical Difference Tool

Symmetrical Difference Tool, Overlay Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Symmetrical Difference

Features or portions of features in the input and update features that do not overlap will be written to the output feature class.

1. Input Features

The input feature class or layer.

2. Update Features

The update feature class or layer. Geometry type must be the same geometry type as the input feature class or layer.

3. Output Feature Class

The feature class to which the results will be written.

4. JoinAttributes (optional)

Determines which attributes will be transferred to the output feature class.

ALL—All the attributes from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class. This is the default.
NO_FID—All the attributes except the FID from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.
ONLY_FID—Only the FID field from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.

5. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance separating all feature coordinates (nodes and vertices) as well as the distance a coordinate can move in x or y (or both).

Union

How to use Union Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Union Tool

Union Tool, Overlay Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Union

Computes a geometric union of the input features. All features and their attributes will be written to the output feature class.

1. Input Features

A list of the input feature classes or layers. When the distance between features is less than the cluster tolerance, the features with the lower rank will snap to the feature with the higher rank. The highest rank is one. All of the input features must be polygons.

2. Output Feature Class

The feature class that will contain the results.

3. JoinAttributes (optional)

Determines which attributes from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.

ALL—All the attributes from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class. This is the default.
NO_FID—All the attributes except the FID from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.
ONLY_FID—Only the FID field from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.

4. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance separating all feature coordinates (nodes and vertices) as well as the distance a coordinate can move in X or Y (or both).

5. Gaps Allowed (optional)

Gaps are areas in the output feature class that are completely enclosed by other polygons. This is not invalid, but it may be desirable to identify these for analysis. To find the gaps in the output, uncheck this parameter—a feature will be created in these areas. To select these features, query the output feature class based on all the input feature's FID values being equal to -1.

Checked—No feature will be created for areas in the output that are completely enclosed by polygons. This is the default.
Unchecked—A feature will be created for the areas in the output that are completely enclosed by polygons. This feature will have blank attributes and its FID values will be -1.

Update

How to use Update Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Update Tool

Update Tool, Overlay Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Update

Computes a geometric intersection of the Input Features and Update Features. The attributes and geometry of the input features are updated by the update features in the output feature class.

1. Input Features

The input feature class or layer. Geometry type must be polygon.

2. Update Features

The features that will be used to update the Input Features. Geometry type must be polygon.

3. Output Feature Class

The feature class to contain the results. Do not set this to be the same as the Input Features.

4. Borders (optional)

Specifies whether the boundary of the update polygon features will be kept.

Checked—The outside border of the Update Features will be kept in the Output Feature Class. This is the default option.
Unchecked—The outside border of the Update Features are dropped after they are inserted into the Input Features. Item values of the Update Features take precedence over Input Features attributes.

5. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance separating all feature coordinates (nodes and vertices) as well as the distance a coordinate can move in X or Y (or both).

Spatial Join

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 14 Dec 2022 03:05:00 -0500

Spatial Join Tool

How to use Spatial Join Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Spatial Join Tool

Spatial Join Tool, Overlay Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Spatial Join

Joins attributes from one feature to another based on the spatial relationship. The target features and the joined attributes from the join features are written to the output feature class.

1. Target Features

Attributes of the target features and the attributes from the joined features are transferred to the output feature class. However, a subset of attributes can be defined in the field map parameter.

2. Join Features

The attributes from the join features are joined to the attributes of the target features. See the explanation of the Join Operation parameter for details on how the aggregation of joined attributes are affected by the type of join operation.

3. Output Feature Class

A new feature class containing the attributes of the target and join features. By default, all attributes of target features and the attributes of the joined features are written to the output. However, the set of attributes to be transferred can be controlled by the field map parameter.

4. Join Operation (optional)

Determines how joins between the target features and join features will be handled in the output feature class if multiple join features are found that have the same spatial relationship with a single target feature.

JOIN_ONE_TO_ONE—If multiple join features are found that have the same spatial relationship with a single target feature, the attributes from the multiple join features will be aggregated using a field map merge rule. For example, if a point target feature is found within two separate polygon join features, the attributes from the two polygons will be aggregated before being transferred to the output point feature class. If one polygon has an attribute value of 3 and the other has a value of 7, and a Sum merge rule is specified, the aggregated value in the output feature class will be 10. This is the default.
JOIN_ONE_TO_MANY—If multiple join features are found that have the same spatial relationship with a single target feature, the output feature class will contain multiple copies (records) of the target feature. For example, if a single point target feature is found within two separate polygon join features, the output feature class will contain two copies of the target feature: one record with the attributes of one polygon, and another record with the attributes of the other polygon.

5. Keep All Target Features (optional)

Determines if all target features will be maintained in the output feature class (known as outer join), or only those that have the specified spatial relationship with the join features (inner join).

Checked—All target features will be maintained in the output (outer join). This is the default.
Unchecked—Only those target features that have the specified spatial relationship with the join features will be maintained in the output feature class (inner join). For example, if a point feature class is specified for the target features, and a polygon feature class is specified for the join features, with a Match Option of WITHIN, the output feature class will only contain those target features that are within a polygon join feature; any target features not within a join feature will be excluded from the output.

6. Field Map of Join Features (optional)

Controls which attribute fields will be in the output feature class. The initial list contains all the fields from both the target features and the join features. Fields can be added, deleted, renamed, or have their properties changed. The selected fields from the target features are transferred as is, but selected fields from the join features can be aggregated by a valid merge rule. The default value is an empty string, in which case, all fields from both target and join features are transferred to the output. For details on field mapping, see the help topics "Using the field mapping control" and "Mapping input fields to output fields." Multiple fields and statistic combination may be specified.

Merge rules allow you to specify how values from two or more input fields are merged or combined into a single output value. There are several merge rules that determine how the output field is populated with values.

First—Use the input fields' first value.
Last—Use the input fields' last value.
Join—Concatenate (join) the input fields' values.
Sum—Calculate the total of the input fields' values.
Mean—Calculate the mean (average) of the input fields' values.
Median—Calculate the median (middle) of the input fields' values.
Mode—Use the value with the highest frequency.
Min—Use the minimum value of all input fields' values.
Max—Use the maximum value of all input fields' values.
Standard deviation—Use the standard deviation classification method on all input fields' values.
Count—Find the number of records included in the calculation.

7. Match Option (optional)

Defines the criteria used to match rows. The match options are:

INTERSECT—The features in the join features will be matched if they intersect a target feature. This is the default. Specify a distance in the Search Radius parameter.
INTERSECT_3D— The features in the join features will be matched if they intersect a target feature in three-dimensional space (x, y, and z). Specify a distance in the Search Radius parameter.
WITHIN_A_DISTANCE—The features in the join features will be matched if they are within a specified distance of a target feature. Specify a distance in the Search Radius parameter.
WITHIN_A_DISTANCE_GEODESIC—Same as Within a distance except that geodesic distance is used rather than planar distance. Choose this if your data covers a large geographic extent or the coordinate system of the inputs is unsuitable for distance calculations.
WITHIN_A_DISTANCE_3D—The features in the join features will be matched if they are within a specified distance of a target feature in three-dimensional space. Specify a distance in the Search Radius parameter.
CONTAINS—The features in the join features will be matched if a target feature contains them. The target features must be polygons or polylines. For this option, the target features cannot be points, and the join features can only be polygons when the target features are also polygons.
COMPLETELY_CONTAINS—The features in the join features will be matched if a target feature completely contains them. Polygon can completely contain any feature. Point cannot completely contain any feature, not even a point. Polyline can completely contain only polyline and point.
CONTAINS_CLEMENTINI—This spatial relationship yields the same results as Completely contains with the exception that if the join feature is entirely on the boundary of the target feature (no part is properly inside or outside) the feature will not be matched. Clementini defines the boundary polygon as the line separating inside and outside, the boundary of a line is defined as its end points, and the boundary of a point is always empty.
WITHIN—The features in the join features will be matched if a target feature is within them. It is opposite to Contains. For this option, the target features can only be polygons when the join features are also polygons. Point can be join feature only if point is target.
COMPLETELY_WITHIN—The features in the join features will be matched if a target feature is completely within them. This is opposite to Completely contains.
WITHIN_CLEMENTINI—The result will be identical to Within except if the entirety of the feature in the join features is on the boundary of the target feature, the feature will not be matched. Clementini defines the boundary polygon as the line separating inside and outside, the boundary of a line is defined as its end points, and the boundary of a point is always empty.
ARE_IDENTICAL_TO—The features in the join features will be matched if they are identical to a target feature. Both join and target feature must be of same shape type—point-to-point, line-to-line, and polygon-to-polygon.
BOUNDARY_TOUCHES—The features in the join features will be matched if they have a boundary that touches a target feature. When the target and join features are lines or polygons, the boundary of the join feature can only touch the boundary of the target feature and no part of the join feature can cross the boundary of the target feature.
SHARE_A_LINE_SEGMENT_WITH—The features in the join features will be matched if they share a line segment with a target feature. The join and target features must be lines or polygons.
CROSSED_BY_THE_OUTLINE_OF—The features in the join features will be matched if a target feature is crossed by their outline. The join and target features must be lines or polygons. If polygons are used for the join or target features, the polygon's boundary (line) will be used. Lines that cross at a point will be matched, not lines that share a line segment.
HAVE_THEIR_CENTER_IN—The features in the join features will be matched if a target feature's center falls within them. The center of the feature is calculated as follows: for polygon and multipoint the geometry's centroid is used, and for line input the geometry's midpoint is used. Specify a distance in the Search Radius parameter.
CLOSEST—The feature in the join features that is closest to a target feature is matched. See the usage tip for more information. Specify a distance in the Search Radius parameter.
CLOSEST_GEODESIC—Same as Closest except that geodesic distance is used rather than planar distance. Choose this if your data covers a large geographic extent or the coordinate system of the inputs is unsuitable for distance calculations

8. Search Radius (optional)

Join features within this distance of a target feature will be considered for the spatial join. A search radius is only valid when the spatial relationship (Match Option) INTERSECT, WITHIN_A_DISTANCE, WITHIN_A_DISTANCE_GEODESIC, HAVE_THEIR_CENTER_IN, CLOSEST or CLOSEST_GEODESIC is specified. Using a search radius of 100 meters with the spatial relationship WITHIN_A_DISTANCE will join feature within 100 meters of a target feature. For the three WITHIN_A_DISTANCE relationships, if no value is specified for search radius then a distance of 0 is used.

9. Distance Field Name (optional)

Search by Distance inside a field.

Identity, Intersec

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 13 Dec 2022 10:27:00 -0500

Identity, Intersect Tools

Identity

How to use Identity Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Identity Tool

Identity Tool, Overlay Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Identity

Computes a geometric intersection of the input features and identity features. The input features or portions thereof that overlap identity features will get the attributes of those identity features.

1. Input Features

The input feature class or layer.

2. Identity Features

The identity feature class or layer. Must be polygons or the same geometry type as the input features.

3. Output Feature Class

The feature class that will be created and to which the results will be written.

4. Join Attributes (optional)

Determines what attributes will be transferred to the output feature class.

· ALL—All the attributes (including FIDs) from the input features, as well as the identity features, will be transferred to the output features. If no intersection is found the identity feature values will not be transferred to the output (their values will be set to empty strings or 0) and the identity feature FID will be -1. This is the default.

· NO_FID—All the attributes except the FID from the input features and identity features will be transferred to the output features. If no intersection is found the identity feature values will not be transferred to the output (their values will be set to empty strings or 0).

· ONLY_FID—All the attributes from the input features but only the FID from the identity features will be transferred to the output features. The identity features FID attribute value in the output will be -1 if no intersection is found.

5. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance separating all feature coordinates (nodes and vertices) as well as the distance a coordinate can move in X or Y (or both).

6. Keep relationships (optional)

Choose if you want additional spatial relationships between the Input Features and Identity Features to be written to the output. This only applies when the Input Features are lines and the Identity Features are polygons.

· Unchecked—No additional spatial relationship will be determined.

· Checked—The output line features will contain two additional fields, LEFT_poly and RIGHT_poly. These fields contain the feature ID of the Identity Features on the left and right side of the line feature.

Intersect

How to use Intersect Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Intersect Tool

Intersect Tool, Overlay Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Intersect

Computes a geometric intersection of the input features. Features or portions of features which overlap in all layers and/or feature classes will be written to the output feature class.

1. Input Features

2. Output Feature Class

The output feature class.

3. Join Attributes (optional)

Determines which attributes from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.

· ALL—All the attributes from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class. This is the default.

· NO_FID—All the attributes except the FID from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.

· ONLY_FID—Only the FID field from the input features will be transferred to the output feature class.

4. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance separating all feature coordinates (nodes and vertices) as well as the distance a coordinate can move in X or Y (or both).

5. Output Type (optional)

Choose what type of intersection you want to find.

· INPUT—The intersections returned will be the same geometry type as the input features with the lowest dimension geometry. If all inputs are polygons, the output feature class will contain polygons. If one or more of the inputs are lines and none of the inputs are points, the output will be line. If one or more of the inputs are points, the output feature class will contain points. This is the default.

· LINE—Line intersections will be returned. This is only valid if none of the inputs are points.

· POINT—Point intersections will be returned. If the inputs are line or polygon, the output will be a multipoint feature class.

Split By Attributes, Table Select and Erase

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 11 Dec 2022 10:29:00 -0500

Split By Attributes, Table Select and Erase Tools

Split By Attributes

How to use Split By Attributes Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Split By Attributes Tool

Split By Attributes Tool, Extract Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Split By Attributes

Splits an input dataset by unique attributes.

1. Input Table

The input feature class or table whose data will be split into the target workspace.

2. Target Workspace

The existing workspace where the output feature classes or tables are written.

3. Split Fields

The fields on which the input will be split into new feature classes or tables.

Table Select

How to use Table Select Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Table Select Tool

Table Select Tool, Extract Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Table Select

Selects table records matching a Structured Query Language (SQL) expression and writes them to an output table.

1. Input Table

The table containing records matching the specified expression that will be written to the output table.

2. Output Table

The output table containing records from the input table that match the specified expression.

3. Expression (optional)

An SQL expression used to select a subset of records. For more information on SQL syntax, see SQL reference for elements used in query expressions.

Erase

How to use Erase Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Erase Tool

Erase Tool, Overlay Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Erase

Creates a feature class by overlaying the Input Features with the polygons of the Erase Features. Only those portions of the input features falling outside the erase features outside boundaries are copied to the output feature class.

1. Input Features

The input feature class or layer.

2. Erase Features

The features to be used to erase coincident features in the input.

3. Output Feature Class

The feature class that will contain only those Input Features that are not coincident with the Erase Features.

4. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance separating all feature coordinates (nodes and vertices) as well as the distance a coordinate can move in X or Y (or both).

Clip, Select and Split

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 10 Dec 2022 05:11:00 -0500

Clip, Select and Split Tools

Clip

ArcMap ArcGIS

How to use Clip Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Clip Tool

Clip Tool, Extract Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Clip

Extracts input features that overlay the clip features.

Use this tool to cut out a piece of one feature class using one or more of the features in another feature class as a cookie cutter. This is particularly useful for creating a new feature class—also referred to as study area or area of interest (AOI)—that contains a geographic subset of the features in another, larger feature class.

1. Input Features

The features to be clipped.

2. Clip Features

The features used to clip the input features.

3. Output Feature Class

The feature class to be created.

4. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance separating all feature coordinates as well as the distance a coordinate can move in X or Y (or both). Set the value to be higher for data with less coordinate accuracy and lower for data with extremely high accuracy.

Select

How to use Select Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Select Tool

Select Tool, Extract Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Select

Extracts features from an input feature class or input feature layer, typically using a select or Structured Query Language (SQL) expression and stores them in an output feature class.

1. Input Features

The input feature class or layer from which features are selected.

2. Output Feature Class

The output feature class to be created. If no expression is used, it contains all input features.

3. Expression (optional)

An SQL expression used to select a subset of features.

Split

How to use Split Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS??

Split Tool

Split Tool, Extract Toolset, Analysis Toolbox

Split

Splits an input with overlaying features to create a subset of output feature classes.

The Split Field parameter's unique values form the names of the output feature classes. These are saved in the target workspace.

1. Input Features

The features to be split.

2. Split Features

Polygon features containing a tabular field whose unique values are used to split the input features and provide the output feature classes' names.

3. Split Field

The character field used to split the input features. This field's values identify the split features used to create each output feature class. The split field's unique values provide the output feature classes' names.

4. Target Workspace

The existing workspace where the output feature classes are stored.

5. XY Tolerance (optional)

The minimum distance separating all feature coordinates (nodes and vertices) as well as the distance a coordinate can move in X or Y (or both). Set the value to be higher for data that has less coordinate accuracy and lower for datasets with extremely high accuracy.

Viewshed 2 Tool

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 8 Dec 2022 05:41:00 -0500

Viewshed 2 Tool

How to use Viewshed 2 Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Viewshed 2 Tool

Viewshed 2 Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Viewshed 2

Determines the raster surface locations visible to a set of observer features using geodesic methods

1. Input raster

The input surface raster. It can be an integer or a floating-point raster.

The input raster is transformed into a 3D geocentric coordinate system during the visibility calculation. NoData cells on the input raster do not block the visibility determination.

2. Input point or polyline observer features

The input feature class that identifies the observer locations. It can be point, multipoint, or polyline features.

The input feature class is transformed into a 3D geocentric coordinate system during the visibility calculation. Observers outside of the extent of the surface raster or located on NoData cells will be ignored in the calculation.

3. Output raster

The output raster.

For the FREQUENCY analysis type, when the vertical error parameter is 0 or not specified, the output raster records the number of times that each cell location in the input surface raster can be seen by the input observation points. When the vertical error parameter is greater than 0, each cell on the output raster records the sum of probabilities that the cell is visible to any of the observers. For the OBSERVERS analysis type, the output raster records the unique region IDs for the visible areas, which can be related back to the observer features through the output observer-region relationship table.

4. Output above ground level raster (optional)

The output above ground level (AGL) raster.

The AGL result is a raster where each cell value is the minimum height that must be added to an otherwise nonvisible cell to make it visible by at least one observer. Cells that were already visible will be assigned 0 in this output raster.

When the vertical error parameter is 0, the output AGL raster is a one-band raster. When vertical error is greater than 0, to account for the random effects from the input raster, the output AGL raster is created as a three-band raster. The first band represents the mean AGL values, the second band represents the minimum AGL values, and the third band represents the maximum AGL values.

5. Analysis method (optional)

Choose the method by which the visibility will be calculated. This option allows you to trade some accuracy for increased performance.

· ALL_SIGHTLINES—A sightline is run to every cell on the raster in order to establish visible areas. This is the default method.

· PERIMETER_SIGHTLINES—Sightlines are only run to the cells on the perimeter of the visible areas in order to establish visibility areas. This method has a better performance than the ALL_SIGHTLINES method since less sightlines are run in the calculation.

6. Analysis type (optional)

Choose which type of visibility analysis you wish to perform, either determining how visible each cell is to the observers, or identifying for each surface location which observers are visible.

· FREQUENCY—The output records the number of times that each cell location in the input surface raster can be seen by the input observation locations (as points or as vertices for polyline observer features). This is the default.

· OBSERVERS—The output identifies exactly which observer points are visible from each raster surface location. The allowed maximum number of input observers is 32 with this analysis type.

7. Vertical error (optional)

The amount of uncertainty (the Root Mean Square error, or RMSE) in the surface elevation values. It is a floating-point value representing the expected error of the input elevation values. When this parameter is assigned a value greater than 0, the output visibility raster will be floating point. In this case, each cell value on the output visibility raster represents the sum of probabilities that the cell is visible to any of the observers.

When the analysis type is OBSERVERS or the analysis method is PERIMETER_SIGHTLINES, this parameter is disabled.

8. Output observer-region relationship table (optional)

The output table for identifying the regions that are visible to each observer. This table can be related to the input observer feature class and the output visibility raster for identifying the regions visible to given observers.

This output is only created when the analysis type is OBSERVERS.

9. Refractivity coefficient (optional)

Coefficient of the refraction of visible light in air.

The default value is 0.13.

10. Surface offset (optional)

This value indicates a vertical distance to be added to the z-value of each cell as it is considered for visibility. It should be a positive integer or floating-point value.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

If this parameter is set to a value, that value will be applied to all the observers. To specify different values for each observer, set this parameter to a field in the input observer features dataset. The default value is 0.

11. Observer elevation (optional)

This value is used to define the surface elevations of the observer points or vertices.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

If this parameter is not specified, the observer elevation will be obtained from the surface raster using bilinear interpolation. If this parameter is set to a value, that value will be applied to all the observers. To specify different values for each observer, set this parameter to a field in the input observer features dataset.

12. Observer offset (optional)

This value indicates a vertical distance to be added to the observer elevation. It should be a positive integer or floating-point value.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

13. Inner radius (optional)

This value defines the start distance from which visibility is determined. Cells closer than this distance are not visible in the output but can still block visibility of the cells between inner radius and outer radius.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

The default value is 0.

14. Inner radius is 3d distance (optional)

Type of distance for the inner radius parameter.

· Unchecked—Inner radius is to be interpreted as a 2D distance. This is the default.

· Checked—Inner radius is to be interpreted as a 3D distance.

15. Outer radius (optional)

This value defines the maximum distance from which visibility is determined. Cells beyond this distance are excluded from the analysis.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

16. Outer radius is 3d distance (optional)

Type of distance for the outer radius parameter.

· Unchecked—Outer radius is to be interpreted as a 2D distance. This is the default.

· Checked—Outer radius is to be interpreted as a 3D distance.

17. Horizontal start angle (optional)

This value defines the start angle of the horizontal scan range. The value should be specified in degrees from 0 to 360, either as integer or floating point, with 0 oriented to north. The default value is 0.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

18. Horizontal end angle (optional)

This value defines the end angle of the horizontal scan range. The value should be specified in degrees from 0 to 360, either as integer or floating point, with 0 oriented to north. The default value is 360.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

19. Vertical upper angle (optional)

This value defines the upper vertical angle limit of the scan relative to the horizontal plane. The value is specified in degrees, and can be integer or floating point. The allowed range is from above -90 up to and including 90.

The value for this parameter must be greater than the Vertical Lower Angle parameter.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

The default value is 90 (straight up).

20. Vertical lower angle (optional)

This value defines the lower vertical angle limit of the scan relative to the horizontal plane. The value is specified in degrees, and can be integer or floating point. The allowed range is from -90 up to (but not including) 90.

The value for this parameter must be less than the Vertical Upper Angle parameter.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

The default value is -90 (straight down).

Viewshed, Visibility

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 7 Dec 2022 02:58:00 -0500

Viewshed, Visibility Tools

Viewshed

How to use Viewshed Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Viewshed Tool

Viewshed Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Viewshed

Determines the raster surface locations visible to a set of observer features.

1. Input raster

The input surface raster.

2. Input point or polyline observer features

The feature class that identifies the observer locations.

The input can be point or polyline features.

3. Output raster

The output raster.

The output will only record the number of times that each cell location in the input surface raster can be seen by the input observation points (or vertices for polylines). The observation frequency will be recorded in the VALUE item in the output raster's attribute table.

4. Output above ground level raster (optional)

The output above ground level (AGL) raster.

The AGL result is a raster where each cell value is the minimum height that must be added to an otherwise nonvisible cell to make it visible by at least one observer.

Cells that were already visible will have a value of 0 in this output raster.

5. Z factor (optional)

Number of ground x,y units in one surface z-unit.

The z-factor adjusts the units of measure for the z-units when they are different from the x,y units of the input surface. The z-values of the input surface are multiplied by the z-factor when calculating the final output surface.

If the x,y units and z-units are in the same units of measure, the z-factor is 1. This is the default.

If the x,y units and z-units are in different units of measure, the z-factor must be set to the appropriate factor, or the results will be incorrect. For example, if your z-units are feet and your x,y units are meters, you would use a z-factor of 0.3048 to convert your z-units from feet to meters (1 foot = 0.3048 meter).

6. Use earth curvature corrections (optional)

Allows correction for the earth's curvature.

· Unchecked—No curvature correction will be applied. This is the default.

· Checked—Curvature correction will be applied.

7. Refractivity coefficient (optional)

Coefficient of the refraction of visible light in air.

The default value is 0.13.

Visibility

How to use Visibility Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Visibility Tool

Visibility Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Visibility

Determines the raster surface locations visible to a set of observer features, or identifies which observer points are visible from each raster surface location.

1. Input raster

The input surface raster.

2. Input point or polyline observer features

The feature class that identifies the observer locations.

The input can be point or polyline features.

3. Output raster

The output raster.

The output will either record the number of times that each cell location in the input surface raster can be seen by the input observation locations (the frequency analysis type), or record which observer locations are visible from each cell in the raster surface (the observers type option).

4. Output above ground level raster (optional)

The output above-ground-level (AGL) raster.

The AGL result is a raster where each cell value is the minimum height that must be added to an otherwise nonvisible cell to make it visible by at least one observer.

Cells that were already visible will have a value of 0 in this output raster.

5. Analysis type (optional)

The visibility analysis type.

· FREQUENCY—The output records the number of times that each cell location in the input surface raster can be seen by the input observation locations (as points, or as vertices for polyline observer features). This is the default.

· OBSERVERS—The output identifies exactly which observer points are visible from each raster surface location.

6. Use NoData for non-visible cells (optional)

Value assigned to nonvisible cells.

· Unchecked—0 is assigned to nonvisible cells. This is the default.

· Checked—NoData is assigned to nonvisible cells.

7. Z factor (optional)

Number of ground x,y units in one surface z unit.

The z-factor adjusts the units of measure for the z units when they are different from the x,y units of the input surface. The z-values of the input surface are multiplied by the z-factor when calculating the final output surface.

If the x,y units and z units are in the same units of measure, the z-factor is 1. This is the default.

If the x,y units and z units are in different units of measure, the z-factor must be set to the appropriate factor, or the results will be incorrect. For example, if your z units are feet and your x,y units are meters, you would use a z-factor of 0.3048 to convert your z units from feet to meters (1 foot = 0.3048 meter).

8. Use earth curvature corrections (optional)

Allows correction for the earth's curvature.

· Unchecked—No curvature correction will be applied. This is the default.

· Checked—Curvature correction will be applied.

9. Refractivity coefficient (optional)

Coefficient of the refraction of visible light in air.

The default value is 0.13.

10. Surface offset (optional)

This value indicates a vertical distance to be added to the z-value of each cell as it is considered for visibility. It should be a positive integer or floating-point value.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field OFFSETB is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it defaults to 0.

11. Observer elevation (optional)

This value is used to define the surface elevations of the observer points or vertices.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field SPOT is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it will be estimated through bilinear interpolation with the surface elevation values in the neighboring cells of the observer location.

12. Observer offset (optional)

This value indicates a vertical distance to be added to the observer elevation. It should be a positive integer or floating-point value.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field OFFSETA is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it defaults to 1.

13. Inner radius (optional)

It can be a positive or negative integer or floating point value. If it is a positive value, then it is interpreted as three-dimensional, line-of-sight distance. If it is a negative value, then it is interpreted as two-dimensional planimetric distance.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field RADIUS1 is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it defaults to 0.

14. Outer radius (optional)

This value defines the maximum distance from which visibility is determined. Cells beyond this distance are excluded from the analysis.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field RADIUS2 is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it defaults to infinity.

15. Horizontal start angle (optional)

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field AZIMUTH1 is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it defaults to 0.

16. Horizontal end angle (optional)

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field AZIMUTH2 is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it defaults to 360.

17. Vertical upper angle (optional)

The value for this parameter must be greater than the Vertical Lower Angle parameter.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field VERT1 is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it defaults to 90.

18. Vertical lower angle (optional)

The value for this parameter must be less than the Vertical Upper Angle parameter.

You can select a field in the input observers dataset, or you can specify a numerical value.

By default, a numerical field VERT2 is used if it exists in the input observer features attribute table. You may overwrite it by specifying another numerical field or a value.

If this parameter is unspecified and the default field does not exist in the input observer features attribute table, it defaults to -90.

Skyline Barrier and Graph, Sun Shadow Volume

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 6 Dec 2022 03:40:00 -0500

Skyline Barrier and Graph, Sun Shadow Volume Tools

Skyline Barrier

How to use Skyline Barrier Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Skyline Barrier Tool

Skyline Barrier Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Skyline Barrier

Generates a multipatch feature class representing a skyline barrier or shadow volume.

1. Input Observer Point Features

The point feature class containing the observer points.

2. Input Features

The input line feature class which represents the skylines, or the input multipatch feature class which represents the silhouettes.

3. Output Feature Class

The output feature class into which the skyline barrier or shadow volume is placed.

4. Minimum Radius (optional)

The minimum radius to which triangle edges should be extended from the observer point. The default is 0, meaning no minimum.

5. Maximum Radius (optional)

The maximum radius to which triangle edges should be extended from the observer point. The default is 0, meaning no maximum.

6. Closed (optional)

Whether to close the skyline barrier with a skirt and a base so that the resulting multipatch will appear to be a solid.

· Unchecked—No skirt or base is added to the multipatch; just the multipatch representing the surface going from the observer to the skyline is represented. This is the default.

· Checked— A skirt and a base are added to the multipatch so as to form what appears to be a closed solid.

7. Base Elevation (optional)

The elevation of the base of the closed multipatch; it is ignored if the barrier is not to be closed. The default is 0.

8. Project to Plane (optional)

Whether the front (nearer to the observer) and back (farther from the observer) ends of the barrier should each be projected onto a vertical plane. This is typically checked (turned on) in order to create a shadow volume.

· Unchecked—The barrier will extend from the observer point to the skyline (or nearer or farther if nonzero values are provided for minimum and maximum radius). This is the default.

· Checked—The barrier will extend from a vertical plane to a vertical plane.

Skyline Graph

How to use Skyline Graph Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Skyline Graph Tool

Skyline Graph Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Skyline Graph

Calculates sky visibility and generates an optional table and polar graph.

The table and graph represent the horizontal and vertical angles going from the observer point to each of the vertices on the skyline.

1. Input Observer Point Features

The input features containing one or more observer points.

2. Input Line Features

The line features that represent the skyline.

3. Base Visibility Angle (optional)

The baseline vertical angle that is used for calculating the percentage of visible sky. 0 is the horizon, 90 is straight up; -90 is straight down. The default is 0.

4. Additional Fields (optional)

Indicates whether additional fields will be added to the angles table.

· Unchecked—Additional fields will not be added. This is the default.

· Checked—Additional fields will be added.

5. Output Angles Table (optional)

The table to be created for outputting the angles.

6. Output Graph Name (optional)

Specifying a name will create a polar graph of the skyline delineation of the first observer. The graph represents the potential sky that can be seen from the position of the observer, and has its origin defined by the observer. A table has to be generated in order for the graph to be made, and the graph will only display if the tool is executed in ArcMap, ArcGlobe, or ArcScene.

Sun Shadow Volume

How to use Sun Shadow Volume Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Sun Shadow Volume

Sun Shadow Volume Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Sun Shadow Volume

Creates closed volumes that model shadows cast by each feature using sunlight for a given date and time.

1. Input Features

The multipatch features that will be used to model shadows. Polygon and line features can also be used if they are added as an extruded 3D layer.

2. Start Date and Time

The date and time that the trajectory of sunlight will be calculated for modeling the shadows.

3. Output Feature Class

The multipatch feature class that will store the resulting shadow volumes.

4. Adjusted for Daylight Savings Time (optional)

Specifies if time value is adjusted for Daylight Savings Time (DST).

· Unchecked—DST is not observed. This is the default.

· Checked—DST is observed.

5. Time Zone (optional)

The time zone in which the participating input is located. The default setting is the time zone to which the operating system is set.

6. End Date and Time (optional)

The final date and time for calculating sun position. If only a date is provided, the final time is presumed to be sunset.

7. Iteration Interval (optional)

The value used to define the iteration of time from the start date.

8. Iteration Unit (optional)

The unit that defines the iteration value applied to the Start Date and Time.

· DAYS—Iteration value will represent days. This is the default.

· HOURS—Iteration value will represent one or more hours.

· MINUTES—Iteration value will represent one or more minutes.

Skyline Tool

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 6 Dec 2022 03:39:00 -0500

Skyline Tool

How to use kyline Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

kyline Tool

Skyline Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Skyline

Generates a line or multipatch feature class containing the results from a skyline or silhouette analysis.

1. Input Observer Point Features

The 3D points representing observers. Each feature will have its own output.

2. Input Surface (optional)

The topographic surface that will be used to define the horizon. If no surface is provided, then a virtual surface will be employed using the Virtual Surface Radius and Virtual Surface Elevation parameters.

3. Virtual Surface Radius (optional)

The radius of the virtual surface that will be used to define the horizon when a topographic surface is not provided. The default is 1,000 meters.

The following units are supported:

· UNKNOWN—Unknown

· INCHES—Inches

· FEET—Feet

· YARDS—Yards

· MILES—Miles

· MILLIMETERS—Millimeters

· CENTIMETERS—Centimeters

· DECIMETERS—Decimeters

· METERS—Meters

· KILOMETERS—Kilometers

4. Virtual Surface Elevation (optional)

The elevation of the virtual surface for defining the horizon in lieu of an actual surface. It is ignored if an actual surface is provided. The default is 0.

The following units are supported:

· UNKNOWN—Unknown

· INCHES—Inches

· FEET—Feet

· YARDS—Yards

· MILES—Miles

· MILLIMETERS—Millimeters

· CENTIMETERS—Centimeters

· DECIMETERS—Decimeters

· METERS—Meters

· KILOMETERS—Kilometers

5. Input Features (optional)

The features used in determining the skyline. If no features are specified, then the skyline will consist solely of the horizon line as defined by the topographic or virtual surface.

6. Feature Level of Detail (optional)

The level of detail at which each feature should be examined in the skyline analysis.

· FULL_DETAIL—Every edge within the feature is considered in the skyline analysis (only edges of triangles and exterior rings are considered). This time intensive operation is the most precise, and is also the default option.

· CONVEX_FOOTPRINT—The skyline analysis will use the upper perimeter of the convex hull of each feature's footprint extruded to the elevation of the highest vertex within the feature.

· ENVELOPE— The skyline analysis will use the perimeter of the 3-dimensional feature envelope. This is the fastest technique.

7. Output Feature Class

The 3D features that will either be lines that represent the skyline or multipatches that represent silhouettes.

8. From Azimuth (optional)

The azimuth, in degrees, from which the skyline analysis should be started. The analysis starts from the observer point and goes to the right, from the From Azimuth until the To Azimuth is reached. Must be greater than minus 360 and less than 360. The default is 0.

9. To Azimuth (optional)

The direction, in degrees, at which the skyline analysis should be completed. The analysis starts from the observer point and goes to the right, from the From Azimuth until the To Azimuth is reached. Must be no more than 360 greater than the From Azimuth. The default is 360.

10. Azimuth Increment (optional)

The angular interval, in degrees, at which the horizon should be evaluated while conducting the skyline analysis between the From Azimuth and the To Azimuth. Must be no greater than the To Azimuth minus the From Azimuth. The default is 1.

11. Maximum Horizon Radius (optional)

The maximum distance for which a horizon should be sought from the observer location. A value of zero indicates that there should be no limit imposed. The default is 0.

The following units are supported:

· UNKNOWN—Unknown

· INCHES—Inches

· FEET—Feet

· YARDS—Yards

· MILES—Miles

· MILLIMETERS—Millimeters

· CENTIMETERS—Centimeters

· DECIMETERS—Decimeters

· METERS—Meters

· KILOMETERS—Kilometers

12. Segment Skyline (optional)

Determines whether the resulting skyline will have one feature for each observer point, or if each observer's skyline will be segmented by the unique elements that contribute to the skyline.

If silhouettes are being generated, then this parameter will indicate whether divergent rays should be used; for sun shadows, this should generally be no or unchecked.

· Unchecked—Each skyline feature will represent one observer. This is the default.

· Checked—Each observer's skyline will be segmented by the unique elements that contribute to the skyline.

13. Create Silhouettes (optional)

Specifies whether output features will represent skylines or silhouettes.

· Unchecked—The output will be created as polyline features that represent the skyline. This is the default.

· Checked—The output will be created as multipatch features that represent silhouettes.

14. Scale To Percent (optional)

Indicates to what percent of the original vertical angle (angle above the horizon, or angle of elevation) or elevation each skyline vertex should be placed. If either 0 or 100 is entered, then no scaling will occur. The default is 100.

15. Scale According To (optional)

The values according to which the scaling should be determined.

· VERTICAL_ANGLE—Scaling is done by considering the vertical angle of each vertex relative to the observer point. This is the default.

· ELEVATION—Scaling is done by considering the elevation of each vertex relative to the observer point.

16. Scale Method (optional)

The vertex to be used to calculate against.

· SKYLINE_MAXIMUM—Vertices will be scaled relative to the vertical angle (or the elevation) of the vertex with the highest vertical angle (or elevation). This is the default.

· EACH_VERTEX—Vertices will be scaled relative to the original vertical angle (or elevation) of each vertex.

17. Use Curvature (optional)

Indicates whether the earth's curvature should be taken into consideration when generating the ridgeline from a functional surface.

· Unchecked—The earth's curvature will not be taken into consideration. This is the default.

· Checked—The earth's curvature will be taken into consideration.

18. Use Refraction (optional)

Indicates whether atmospheric refraction will be applied when generating the ridgeline from a functional surface.

· Unchecked—Atmospheric refraction will not be taken into consideration. This is the default.

· Checked—Atmospheric refraction will be taken into consideration.

19. Refraction Factor (optional)

The refraction coefficient to be used if atmospheric refraction is being considered. The default is 0.13.

20. Pyramid Level Resolution (optional)

The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used by this tool. The default is 0, or full resolution.

Line Of Sight, Observer Points

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 5 Dec 2022 11:11:00 -0500

Line Of Sight, Observer Points Tools

Line Of Sight

How to use Line Of Sight Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Line Of Sight

Line Of Sight Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Line Of Sight

Determines the visibility of sight lines over obstructions consisting of a surface and an optional multipatch dataset.

1. Input Surface

The LAS dataset, raster, TIN, or terrain surface used in determining visibility.

2. Input Line Features

The line features whose first vertex defines the observation point and last vertex identifies the target location. Height of the observation and target locations are obtained from the z-values of 3D features and interpolated from the surface for 2D features.

2D lines also have a default offset of 1 added to their elevation to raise the points above the surface. If the feature has an OffsetA field, its value will be added to the height of the observation point. If the OffsetB field is present, its value will be added to the height of the target position.

3. Input Features (optional)

A multipatch feature that may define additional obstructing elements, such as buildings. Refraction options are not honored for this input.

4. Output Feature Class

The output line feature class along which visibility has been determined. Two attribute fields are created. VisCode indicates visibility along the line, 1 being visible and 2 not visible. TarIsVis indicates the target visibility, 0 being not visible and 1 being visible.

5. Output Obstruction Point Feature Class (optional)

An optional point feature class identifying the location of the first obstruction on the observer's sight line to its target.

6. Use Curvature (optional)

Indicates whether the earth's curvature should be taken into consideration for the line-of-sight analysis. For this option to be enabled, the surface needs to have a defined spatial reference in projected coordinates with defined z-units.

· Unchecked—The earth's curvature will not be taken into consideration. This is the default.

· Checked—The earth's curvature will be taken into consideration.

7. Use Refraction (optional)

Indicates whether atmospheric refraction should be taken into consideration when generating a line of sight from a functional surface. This option does not apply if multipatch features are used.

· Unchecked—Atmospheric refraction will not be taken into consideration. This is the default.

· Checked—Atmospheric refraction

8. Refraction Factor (optional)

Provides a value to be used in the refraction factor. The default refraction factor is 0.13.

9. Pyramid Level Resolution (optional)

The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used by this tool. The default is 0, or full resolution.

Observer Points

How to use Observer Points Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Observer Points

Observer Points Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Observer Points

Identifies which observer points are visible from each raster surface location.

1. Input raster

The input surface raster.

2. Input point observer features

The point feature class that identifies the observer locations.

The maximum number of points allowed is 16.

3. Output raster

The output raster.

The output identifies exactly which observer points are visible from each raster surface location.

4. Output above ground level raster (optional)

The output above ground level (AGL) raster.

The AGL result is a raster where each cell value is the minimum height that must be added to an otherwise nonvisible cell to make it visible by at least one observer.

Cells that were already visible will have a value of 0 in this output raster.

5. Z factor (optional)

Number of ground x,y units in one surface z-unit.

If the x,y units and z-units are in the same units of measure, the z-factor is 1. This is the default.

6. Use earth curvature corrections (optional)

Allows correction for the earth's curvature.

· Unchecked—No curvature correction will be applied. This is the default.

· Checked—Curvature correction will be applied.

7. Refractivity coefficient (optional)

Coefficient of the refraction of visible light in air.

The default value is 0.13.

Construct Sight Lines, Intervisibility

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 4 Dec 2022 12:56:00 -0500

Construct Sight Lines, Intervisibility Tools

Construct Sight Lines

How to use Construct Sight Lines Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Construct Sight Lines

Construct Sight Lines Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Construct Sight Lines

Creates line features that represent sight lines from one or more observer points to features in a target feature class.

1. Observer Points

The single-point features that represent observer points. Multipoint features are not supported.

2. Target Features

The target features (points, multipoints, lines, and polygons).

3. Output

The output feature class containing the sight lines.

4. Observer Height Field (optional)

The source of the height values for the observer points obtained from its attribute table.

A default Observer Height Field field is selected from among the options listed below by order of priority. If multiple fields exist, and the desired field does not have a higher priority in the default field selection, the desired field will need to be specified.

· <None>—No Z values will be assigned to the resulting sight line features.

· Shape.Z

· Spot

· Z

· Z_Value

· Height

· Elev

· Elevation

· Contour

5. Target Height Field (optional)

The height field for the target.

A default Target Height Field field is selected from among the options listed below by order of priority. If multiple fields exist, and the desired field does not have a higher priority in the default field selection, the desired field will need to be specified.

· <None>—No Z values will be assigned to the resulting sight line features.

· Shape.Z

· Spot

· Z

· Z_Value

· Height

· Elev

· Elevation

· Contour

6. Join Field (optional)

The join field is used to match observers to specific targets.

<None>—No Z values will be assigned to the resulting sight line features.

7. Sampling Distance (optional)

The distance between samples when the target is either a line or polygon feature class. The Sampling Distance units are interpreted in the XY units of the output feature class.

8. Output the Direction (optional)

Adds direction attributes to the output sight lines. Two additional fields will be added and populated to indicate direction: AZIMUTH and VERT_ANGLE (vertical angle).

· Unchecked—No direction attributes will be added to the output sight lines. This is the default.

· Checked—Two additional fields will be added and populated to indicate direction: azimuth and vertical angle.

Intervisibility

How to use Intervisibility Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Intervisibility Tool

Intervisibility Tool, Visibility Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Intervisibility

Determines the visibility of sight lines against potential obstructions defined by any combination of 3D features and surfaces.

1. Sight Lines

The 3D sight lines.

2. Obstructions

The multipatch features and surfaces that may obstruct the sight lines. A polygon or line feature layer can be specified if the layer has its base height and extrusion properties defined.

3. Visible Field Name (optional)

Name of the field that will store the visibility results. A resulting value of 0 indicates that the sight line's start and end points are not visible to one another. A value of 1 indicates that the sight line's start and end points are visible to one another. The default field name is VISIBLE. If the field already exists, its values will be overwritten.

Surface Difference, Surface Slope

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 4 Dec 2022 05:01:00 -0500

Surface Difference, Surface Slope Tools

Surface Difference

How to use Surface Difference Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Surface Difference

Surface Difference Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Surface Difference

Calculate the displacement between two surfaces to determine where one is above, below or the same as the other surface.

1. Input Surface

The triangulated surface whose relative displacement is being evaluated from the reference surface.

2. Reference Surface

The triangulated surface that will be used as the baseline for determining the relative displacement of the input surface.

3. Output Feature Class

The output feature class containing contiguous triangles and triangle parts that have the same classification grouped into polygons. The volume enclosed by each region of difference is listed in the attribute table.

4. Analysis Resolution (optional)

The resolution that will be used to generate the input surface. For a terrain dataset, this will correspond to its pyramid-level definitions, where the default of 0 represents full resolution. For a LAS dataset, this value represents the length of each side of the square area that will be used to thin the LAS point returns.

5. Reference Analysis Resolution (optional)

The resolution that will be used to generate the reference surface. For a terrain dataset, this will correspond to its pyramid-level definitions, where the default of 0 represents full resolution. For a LAS dataset, this value represents the length of each side of the square area that will be used to thin the LAS points returns.

6. LAS Point Selection Method (optional)

The method used to select a LAS point in each analysis window when applying an analysis resolution to thin the input LAS dataset surface. The resulting points will be used to construct a triangulated surface.

· CLOSEST_TO_MEAN—The LAS point whose value is closest to the mean of all LAS points in the analysis window will be used. This is the default.

· MIN—The LAS point with the smallest z-value among all the LAS points in the analysis window.

· MAX—The LAS point with the highest z-value among all the LAS points in the analysis window.

7. Reference LAS Point Selection Method (optional)

· CLOSEST_TO_MEAN—The LAS point whose value is closest to the mean of all LAS points in the analysis window will be used. This is the default.

· MIN—The LAS point with the smallest z-value among all the LAS points in the analysis window.

· MAX—The LAS point with the highest z-value among all the LAS points in the analysis window.

8. Processing Extent (optional)

Specifies the extent of the data that will be evaluated by this tool.

9. Processing Boundary (optional)

A polygon feature that defines the area of interest to be processed by this tool.

10. Output Raster (optional)

The output raster surface whose values represent the input surface normalized against the reference surface. Positive values reflect areas where the input surface is above the reference surface, whereas negative values indicate the areas where the input surface is below the reference surface. The raster's values are derived from a TIN using linear interpolation.

11. Raster Cell Size (optional)

The cell size of the output raster.

12. Output TIN Folder (optional)

The folder location for storing one or more TIN surfaces whose values represent the difference between the input and reference surface.

13. Output TIN Base Name (optional)

The base name given to each output TIN surface. If one TIN dataset is not sufficient to represent the data, multiple TINs will be created with the same base name.

Surface Slope

How to use Surface Slope Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Surface Slope

Surface Slope Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Surface Slope

Creates polygon features that represent ranges of slope values for triangulated surfaces.

1. Input Surface

The TIN, terrain, or LAS dataset whose slope measurements will be written to the output polygon feature.

2. Output Feature Class

The feature class that will be produced by this tool.

3. Slope Units (optional)

The units of measure to be used in calculating slope.

· PERCENT—Slope is expressed as a percentage value. This is the default.

· DEGREE—Slope is expressed as the angle of inclination from a horizontal plane.

4. Class Breaks Table (optional)

A table containing classification breaks that will be used to group the output features. The first column of this table will indicate the break point, whereas the second will provide the classification code.

5. Slope Field (optional)

The field containing slope values.

6. Z Factor (optional)

The factor by which z-values will be multiplied. This is typically used to convert Z linear units to match XY linear units. The default is 1, which leaves elevation values unchanged. This parameter is disabled if the spatial reference of the input surface has a Z datum with a specified linear unit.

7. Pyramid Level Resolution (optional)

The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used by this tool. The default is 0, or full resolution.

Surface Aspect, Surface Contour

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 3 Dec 2022 08:46:00 -0500

Surface Aspect, Surface Contour Tools

Surface Aspect

How to use Surface Aspect Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Surface Aspect

Surface Aspect Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Surface Aspect

Creates polygon features that represent aspect measurements derived from a TIN, terrain, or LAS dataset surface.

1. Input Surface

The TIN, terrain, or LAS dataset surface to process.

2. Output Feature Class

The feature class that will be produced by this tool.

3. Class Breaks Table (optional)

A table containing the classification breaks that will be used to define the aspect ranges in the output feature class.

4. Aspect Field (optional)

The field containing aspect code values.

5. Pyramid Level Resolution (optional)

The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used by this tool. The default is 0, or full resolution.

Surface Contour

How to use Surface Contour Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Surface Contour Tool

Surface Contour Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Surface Contour

Creates contour lines derived from a terrain, TIN, or LAS dataset surface.

1. Input Surface

The TIN, terrain, or LAS dataset surface to process.

2. Output Feature Class

The feature class that will be produced by this tool.

3. Contour Interval

The interval between the contours.

4. Base Contour (optional)

Defines the starting Z value from which the contour interval is either added or subtracted to delineate contours. The default value is 0.0.

5. Contour Field (optional)

The field that stores the contour value associated with each line in the output feature class.

6. Contour Field Precision (optional)

The precision of the contour field. Zero specifies an integer, and the numbers 1–9 indicate how many decimal places the field will contain. By default, the field will be an integer (0).

7. Index Interval (optional)

Index contours are commonly used as a cartographic aid for assisting in the visualization of contour lines. The index interval is typically five times larger than the contour interval. Use of this parameter adds an integer field defined by the Index Interval Field to the attribute table of the output feature class, where a value of 1 denotes the index contours.

8. Index Interval Field (optional)

The name of the field used to identify index contours. This will only be used if the Index Interval is defined. By default, the field name is Index.

9. Z Factor (optional)

10. Pyramid Level Resolution (optional)

The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used by this tool. The default is 0, or full resolution.

Locate Outliers, Polygon Volume

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 2 Dec 2022 05:37:00 -0500

Locate Outliers, Polygon Volume Tools

Locate Outliers

How to use Locate Outliers Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Locate Outliers

Locate Outliers Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Locate Outliers

Identifies anomalous elevation measurements from terrain, TIN, or LAS datasets that exceed a defined range of elevation values or have slope characteristics that are inconsistent with the surrounding surface.

1. Input Surface

The terrain, TIN, or LAS dataset that will be analyzed.

2. Output Feature Class

The feature class that will be produced by this tool.

3. Apply Hard Limit (optional)

Specifies use of absolute z minimum and maximum to find outliers.

· Unchecked—Do not use the absolute z minimum and maximum to find outliers. This is the default.

· Checked—Use the absolute z minimum and maximum to find outliers.

4. Absolute Z Minimum (optional)

If hard limits are applied, any point with an elevation below this value will be considered an outlier. The default is 0.

5. Absolute Z Maximum (optional)

If hard limits are applied, any point with an elevation above this value will be considered an outlier. The default is 0.

6. Apply Comparison Filter (optional)

The comparison filter consists of three parameters for determining outliers: Z Tolerance, Slope Tolerance, and Exceed Tolerance Ratio.

· Unchecked—Do not use the three comparison parameters (Z Tolerance, Slope Tolerance, and Exceed Tolerance Ratio) in assessing points.

· Checked—Use the three comparison parameters (Z Tolerance, Slope Tolerance, and Exceed Tolerance Ratio) in assessing points. This is the default.

7. Z Tolerance (optional)

Compares z-values of neighboring points if the comparison filter is applied. The default is 0.

8. Slope Tolerance (optional)

The threshold of slope variance between consecutive points that will be used to identify outlier points. Slope is expressed as a percentage, with the default being 150.

9. Exceed Tolerance Ratio (optional)

Defines the criteria for determining each outlier point as a function of the ratio of points in its natural neighborhood that must exceed the specified comparison filters. For example, the default value of 0.5 means at least half of the points surrounding the query point must exceed the comparison filters for the query point to be considered an outlier. A value of 0.7 means at least 70 percent of the neighbor points must exceed the tolerances.

10. Outlier Cap (optional)

The maximum number of outlier points that can be written to the output. Once this value is reached, no further outliers are sought. The default is 2,500.

Polygon Volume

How to use Polygon Volume Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Polygon Volume

Polygon Volume Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Polygon Volume

Calculates the volume and surface area between a polygon of a constant height and a surface.

1. Input Surface

The TIN, terrain, or LAS dataset surface to process.

2. Input Feature Class

The polygon features that define the region being processed.

3. Height Field

The field in the polygon's attribute table that defines the height of the reference plane used in determining volumetric calculations.

4. Reference Plane (optional)

The direction from the reference plane that volume and surface area will be calculated.

· ABOVE—Volume and surface area are calculated above the reference plane height of the polygons.

· BELOW—Volume and surface area are calculated below the reference plane height of the polygons. This is the default.

5. Volume Field (optional)

Specifies the name of the field that will contain volumetric calculations. The default is Volume.

6. Surface Area Field (optional)

Specifies the name of the field that will contain the surface area calculations. The default is SArea.

7. Pyramid Level Resolution (optional)

The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used by this tool. The default is 0, or full resolution.

Decimate TIN Nodes, Extrude Between Interpolate Polygon to Multipatch

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 30 Nov 2022 02:09:00 -0500

Decimate TIN Nodes, Extrude Between Interpolate Polygon to Multipatch Tools

Decimate TIN Nodes

How to use Decimate TIN Nodes Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Decimate TIN Nodes

Decimate TIN Nodes Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Decimate TIN Nodes

Creates a triangulated irregular network (TIN) dataset using a subset of nodes from a source TIN.

1. Input TIN

The TIN dataset to process.

2. Output TIN

The TIN dataset that will be generated.

3. Decimation Method

Specifies the decimation method for selecting a subset of nodes from the input TIN.

· Z Tolerance—Generalizes TIN within a specified vertical accuracy. An optional node limit can also be specified. This is the default.

· Count—Generalizes TIN by constraining its size to a specified node limit.

4. Copy Breaklines (optional)

Indicates whether breaklines from the input TIN are copied over to the output.

· Unchecked—Breaklines will not be copied. This is the default.

· Checked—Breaklines will be copied.

Extrude Between

How to use Extrude Between Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Extrude Between

Extrude Between TIN Nodes Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Extrude Between

Creates 3D features by extruding each input feature between two triangulated irregular network (TIN) datasets.

1. Input TIN

The first input TIN.

2. Input TIN

The second input TIN.

3. Input Feature Class

The features that will be extruded between the TINs.

4. Output Feature Class

The output that will store the extruded features.

Interpolate Polygon to Multipatch

How to use Interpolate Polygon to Multipatch Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Interpolate Polygon to Multipatch

Interpolate Polygon to Multipatch Tool, Triangulated Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Interpolate Polygon to Multipatch

Creates surface-conforming multipatch features by draping polygon features over a surface.

1. Input Surface

The input triangulated irregular network (TIN) or terrain dataset surface.

2. Input Feature Class

The input polygon feature.

3. Output Feature Class

The output multipatch feature class.

4. Maximum Strip Size (optional)

Controls the maximum number of points used to create an individual triangle strip. Note that each multipatch is usually composed of multiple strips. The default value is 1,024.

5. Z Factor (optional)

6. Area Field (optional)

The name of the output field containing the planimetric, or 2D, area of the resulting multipatches.

7. Surface Area Field (optional)

The name of the output field containing the 3D area of the resulting multipatches. This area takes the surface undulations into consideration and is always larger than the planimetric area unless the surface is flat, in which case, the two are equal.

8. Pyramid Level Resolution (optional)

The z-tolerance or window-size resolution of the terrain pyramid level that will be used by this tool. The default is 0, or full resolution.

Hillshade, Slope

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 29 Nov 2022 05:59:00 -0500

Hillshade, Slope Tools

Hillshade

How to use Hillshade Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Hillshade Tool

Hillshade Tool, Raster Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Hillshade

Creates a shaded relief from a surface raster by considering the illumination source angle and shadows.

1. Input raster

The input surface raster.

2. Output raster

The output hillshade raster.

The hillshade raster has an integer value range of 0 to 255.

3. Azimuth (optional)

Azimuth angle of the light source.

The azimuth is expressed in positive degrees from 0 to 360, measured clockwise from north.

The default is 315 degrees.

4. Altitude (optional)

Altitude angle of the light source above the horizon.

The altitude is expressed in positive degrees, with 0 degrees at the horizon and 90 degrees directly overhead.

The default is 45 degrees.

5. Model shadows (optional)

Type of shaded relief to be generated.

· Unchecked—The output raster only considers local illumination angles; the effects of shadows are not considered.

The output values can range from 0 to 255, with 0 representing the darkest areas, and 255 the brightest. This is the default.

· Checked—The output shaded raster considers both local illumination angles and shadows.

The output values range from 0 to 255, with 0 representing the shadow areas, and 255 the brightest.

6. Z factor (optional)

Number of ground x,y units in one surface z-unit.

If the x,y units and z-units are in the same units of measure, the z-factor is 1. This is the default.

Slope

How to use Slope Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Slope Tool

Slope Tool, Raster Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Slope

Identifies the slope (gradient or steepness) from each cell of a raster.

1. Input raster

The input surface raster.

2. Output raster

The output slope raster.

It will be floating-point type.

3. Output measurement (optional)

Determines the measurement units (degrees or percentages) of the output slope raster.

· DEGREE—The inclination of slope will be calculated in degrees.

· PERCENT_RISE—The inclination of slope will be calculated as percent rise, also referred to as the percent slope.

4. Method (optional)

Determines whether to calculate the aspect based on a planar (flat earth) or a geodesic (ellipsoid) method.

· PLANAR—The calculation will be performed on a projected flat plane using a 2D Cartesian coordinate system. This is the default method.

· GEODESIC—The calculation will be performed in a 3D Cartesian coordinate system by considering the shape of earth as an ellipsoid.

The planar method is appropriate to use on local areas in a projection that maintains correct distance and area. It is suitable for analysis that cover areas such cities, counties, or smaller states in area. The geodesic method produces a more accurate result, at the potential cost of an increase in processing time.

5. Z factor (optional)

Number of ground x,y units in one surface z-unit.

If the x,y units and z-units are in the same units of measure, the z-factor is 1. This is the default.

6. Z unit (optional)

Linear unit of vertical z-values.

It is defined by a vertical coordinate system if it exists. If a vertical coordinate system does not exist, the z-unit should be defined from the unit list to ensure correct geodesic computation. By default, Meter would be applied.

INCH—For inches (U.S.)
FOOT—For feet
YARD—For yards (U.S.)
MILE_US—For miles (U.S.)
NAUTICAL_MILE—For nautical miles
MILLIMETER—For millimeters
CENTIMETER—For centimeters
METER—For meters
KILOMETER—For kilometers
DECIMETER —For decimeters

Curvature, Cut Fill

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 27 Nov 2022 14:38:00 -0500

Curvature, Cut Fill Tools

Curvature

How to use Curvature List Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Curvature List

Curvature Tool, Raster Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Curvature

Calculates the curvature of a raster surface, optionally including profile and plan curvature.

1. Input raster

The input surface raster.

2. Output curvature raster

The output curvature raster.

It will be floating-point type.

3. Z factor (optional)

Number of ground x,y units in one surface z-unit.

If the x,y units and z-units are in the same units of measure, the z-factor is 1. This is the default.

4. Output profile curve raster (optional)

Output profile curve raster dataset.

This is the curvature of the surface in the direction of slope.

It will be floating-point type.

5. Output plan curve raster (optional)

Output plan curve raster dataset.

This is the curvature of the surface perpendicular to the slope direction.

It will be floating-point type.

Cut Fill

How to use Cut Fill Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Cut Fill Tool

Cut Fill Tool, Raster Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Cut Fill

Calculates the volume change between two surfaces. This is typically used for cut and fill operations.

1. Input before raster surface

The input representing the surface before the cut or fill operation.

2. Input after raster surface

The input representing the surface after the cut or fill operation.

3. Output raster

The output raster defining regions of cut and of fill.

The values show the locations and amounts where the surface has been added to or removed from.

4. Z factor (optional)

Number of ground x,y units in one surface z-unit.

If the x,y units and z-units are in the same units of measure, the z-factor is 1. This is the default.

Contour List, Contour with Barriers

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 25 Nov 2022 11:28:00 -0500

Contour List, Contour with Barriers Tools

Contour List

How to use Contour List Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Contour List Tool

Contour List Tool, Raster Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Contour List

Creates a feature class of selected contour values from a raster surface.

1. Input raster

The input surface raster.

2. Output polyline features

The output contour polyline features.

3. Contour values

List of z-values for which to create contours.

Contour with Barriers

How to use Contour with Barriers List Tool in ArcToolbox ArcMap ArcGIS ??

Contour with Barriers List

Contour with Barriers Tool, Raster Surface Toolset, 3D Analyst Toolbox

Contour with Barriers

Creates contours from a raster surface. The inclusion of barrier features allows you to independently generate contours on either side of a barrier.

1. Input Raster

The input surface raster.

2. Input Barrier Features (optional)

The input barrier features.

The features can be polyline or polygon type.

3. Output Contour Features

The output contour features.

4. Type of Contours (optional)

The type of contour to create.

· POLYLINES— The contour or isoline representation of the input raster.

· POLYGONS— Closed polygons representing the contours.

The current version of this tool only supports polyline output. If the polygon output option is used, it will be ignored and polyline output will be created.

5. File Containing Contour Value Specifications (optional)

The base contour, contour interval, indexed contour interval, and explicit contour values can also be specified via a text file.

6. Enter Explicit Contour Values Only (optional)

Only explicit contour values are used. Base contour, contour interval, and indexed contour intervals are not specified.

· Unchecked—The default, contour interval must be specified.

· Checked—Only explicit contour values are specified.

7. Base Contour (optional)

The base contour value.

Contours are generated above and below this value as needed to cover the entire value range of the input raster. The default is zero.

8. Contour Interval (optional)

The interval, or distance, between contour lines.

This can be any positive number.

9. Indexed Contour Interval (optional)

Contours will also be generated for this interval and will be flagged accordingly in the output feature class.

10. Explicit Contour Values (optional)

Explicit values at which to create contours.

11. Factor Applied to Raster Z-values (optional)

The unit conversion factor used when generating contours. The default value is 1.

The contour lines are generated based on the z-values in the input raster, which are often measured in units of meters or feet. With the default value of 1, the contours will be in the same units as the z-values of the input raster. To create contours in a different unit than that of the z-values, set an appropriate value for the z-factor. Note that it is not necessary to have the ground x,y and surface z-units be consistent for this tool.

For example, if the elevation values in your input raster are in feet, but you want the contours to be generated based on units of meters, set the z-factor to 0.3048 (since 1 foot = 0.3048 meter).