Financial statements are a useful tool for judging the health of a company, and for comparing it to its competitors. They show what the company owes and owns, the profits or loses it has made over a given period, and how their position has changed since their last statement. Generally if you can tell which direction a company is heading in, you can also forecast future stock prices with some accuracy.

Gaining a basic knowledge of financial statements, and applying this knowledge when choosing or assessing investments can help you pick tomorrow’s winning stocks, while avoiding tomorrow’s losers.
Of course, financial statement analysis will not always factor in significant news events, unexpected incidents, changes in management, and other factors which may influence share prices, but it provides a starting point from which to gauge the present value of shares, independent of future occurrences.

The following report details some simple financial statement explanation and analysis methods. Although the topic can get much deeper and more complex, this article is designed to give investors the ability to understand the numbers and simpler of financial ratios, and be able to use that knowledge to assist them to make better decisions when doing their due diligence.

Balance Sheet

The balance sheet shows a company’s financial position at a specific date, usually the last day of the company’s fiscal year for annual reports. One side of the balance sheet shows what the company owns and has owing to it, called assets. The other side represents liabilities, which are what the company owes, and also has shareholders’ equity, which represents the excess of the company’s assets over its liabilities. Shareholder’s equity is often referred to as book value.
Total assets are equal to the sum of the company’s liabilities plus the shareholders’ equity. In other words, take away liabilities from assets and the remainder is what value is owned by the shareholders.
The Balance Sheet can be used to uncover the value of the company, the debt load, and cash position.

Earnings Statement

Also called the Income Statement or Profit and Loss Statement, it shows how much revenue a company received during the year from the sale of its products and services, and the expenses the company incurred due to wages, taxes, operating costs, etc… The difference between the two is the company’s profit or loss for the year. The amount left over after taxes is the net earnings.

Net earnings are basically saying how much money the company ‘really’ made over the course of the year. Some companies can have low earnings if they used much of their money for research and development, to acquire other companies, fuel aggressive growth, move into new markets, etc, which is much more favorable than if the company had low earnings because they didn’t generate many revenues, their expenses were too high, etc…

Statements of Changes in Financial Position

This shows how the company’s financial position changed from one year to the next. Also called the cash flow statement, this details how the company generated and spent its cash during the year.
This statement can be used in evaluating the liquidity and solvency of a company, and to assess the ability of that company to generate cash internally, to repay debts, to reinvest in itself, etc…

Sources of Financial Reports

Certainly you can get financials from the companies themselves. Most will gladly fax them to you, or mail you their latest quarterly and annual reports.

However, a faster way to access the information can be by Internet. For example, go to Yahoo.com and choose stock quotes. Enter the ticker symbol for the company you are interested in, and Yahoo will provide its most recent press releases, which will include past quarterly and annual reports with the financial statements. You can also check the previous reports to compare which direction the company is moving in and look for trends (i.e. increasing debt load, unpredictable earnings, decreasing revenues, erratic revenues, etc…).
There are also many other Internet resources which provide similar information, such as wsrn.com, bigcharts.com, (canada-stockwatch.com for Canadian issues), etc…

Comparison Shopping

To familiarize yourself with some of the numbers, try looking up the financials of three companies you own or are interested in.

(Balance Sheet) Which of the companies has the greatest long term debt load? Do any of the companies have greater current liabilities than current assets? Compare the current share price to the shareholder’s equity (book value): is the share price much greater or less than the book value?

(Earnings Statement) What were the revenues of the most recent year (or quarter) and does the number represent an increase or decrease from the previous period? How much money per share did the company earn (or lose) in the most recent period?

(Statement of Changes in Financial Position) Has company debt been increasing or decreasing? What was the greatest expense the company incurred according to the statement?

Decision Making

Understand that financial statements can provide investors with a partial fundamental snapshot of a company. They only represent one piece of the puzzle. Remember that, while financial statements can help investors compare several companies, comparison is limited only to the numbers provided.

In other words, you can see that one company made money while the other lost money, but you don’t know which has the better technical outlook (based on analysis of the trading chart), which is a potential takeover target, which will have the best future earnings, etc…

As well, the impact of financial statements tends to be long-term as it relates to share prices. Four quarterly reports showing increasing earnings may push the stock into an upward trend as the market begins to recognize the fundamental improvements of the underlying company, but one quarter of increasing earnings may or may not have a significant impact on shares.

Therefore, most investors use financial statements as part of a greater overall decision making process. Certainly, though, an understanding of and familiarization with the data can benefit any investor who takes the time to make educated trading decisions.

Important Points

Many growth companies don’t need nor are expected to have positive earnings. Instead, they generally accumulate debt as they focus on research and development of new technologies, aggressively move into new markets, fight for market share with competitors, etc… Other companies with minimal growth prospects on the other hand, have more importance placed on actual earnings, lowering operational costs, etc…

Be sure to understand what numbers are important and unimportant to a specific company based on their situation and the position they are in. This can be done easily by going to wsrn.com and doing an industry comparison on the company in question. Do companies in the same industry seem to have positive earnings, or is the focus on growth, research, etc… Are they a larger or smaller company than the industry average, and are they growing faster than the others?
Read the fine print to make sure the numbers you are reading have been audited, rather than being just company estimates, or unverified results. This generally is not something you need to worry about with most exchange-listed companies, but it is important practice.

Many annual statements will begin with positive news about sales or revenue increases, or other positive comments, but further reading reveals that the company actually lost more money, increased debt, or had a poor quarter or year. For most companies their financial statements are part of their promotional material and they need to make the information sound as impressive and positive as possible, even if the overall results were disappointing.

Be wary of one-time earnings or loses. For example, a company may win a huge lawsuit settlement and the influx of money gives them positive earnings for the quarter. However, how would they have done when the one-time extraordinary is ignored? Learn more at http://www.pennystockinsider.com.

Real estate agents are trained professionals that many individuals go to when they need help to sell their existing home or to purchase a new one. A large amount of trust is needed to do business with a real estate agent. New home buyers or sellers want the reassurance that they are doing business with an individual who is working in their best interest. Since it is often hard to develop a sense of trust with an individual that you hardly know a real estate agent website could come in handy.

A real estate agent website is not guaranteed to prove that a real estate agent is legitimate or offering the best service around; however, it is still helpful. A real estate agent website will give you valuable insight into the personal life and professional training that a real estate agent may have had. A real estate agent website will common have information on the agent in question. Common information may include their age, where they live, any children, any community ties, where they went to school, or any relevant real estate training they may have had.

If you are a real estate agent and you currently do not have a real estate agent website you should consider having one made. When making a real estate agent website there are two options that you should consider. You can develop your own website or hire a professional to do it for you. Hiring a professional will cost money; however, professional websites are more likely to increase your website traffic and possibly your real estate sales. The end result would make this money well spent.

If you are a real estate agent working on your own then it may be easier to make the decision to have a real estate agent website developed. If you are a real estate agent who is employed by a larger company you may have to have company approval before having a real estate agent website developed. If this is the case you should not be afraid to approach your supervisor. It is highly likely that having a real estate agent website will increase the number of clients who obtain their services. It is possible that your supervisor may even wish to have all of their real estate agents develop their own website.

Since there are a large number of benefits to having a real estate agent website you should not be without one any longer. Developing a real estate agent website is easy to do. Why lose potential sales just because you do not have a website?

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“We’ll go over the numbers, Ross. A short sale is pretty simple. If you have a property that’s worth $150,000 and let’s say it has a first mortgage for $100,000 and a second mortgage for $40,000-what that means is the total debt on that property, or the total mortgages, is $140,000. Being a real estate investor, I wouldn’t want to buy a $150,000 house for $140,000. It doesn’t make sense.

A short sale is when you get the bank to not take $140,000, you get them to take less, like $110,000. The banks are going to do this for several reasons. First, they’re going to have a lot of expenses that are associated with a foreclosure. They’re going to have realtor’s costs, foreclosure costs, holding costs, repair costs-they’re going to have all sorts of fees associated with a foreclosure.

Inevitably, the bank is only going to recoup somewhere around 70% of the value of the property. That’s why banks will take short sales on foreclosures. The natural follow-up to that is, “Why are foreclosures such a hot commodity right now, and why is there a lot of buzz about them?” There are several reasons to that too, and it’s really scaring the banks right now.

The first one is: when I was at the bank and someone had equity in their home and I found out they had equity, I would call them up and say, “Hey, Mr. Smith, I see you have $30,000 in equity in your home. How would you like to get a home equity line of credit?” Or, “How would you like to pay off that car with a home equity loan?”

So banks are constantly calling these homeowners to use equity in their home because there are some potential tax savings in structuring your finances that way. That’s one of the things.

Secondly, inflation is outpacing wage growth. That means what it takes for you to buy milk and eggs today is going to increase faster than how much your earnings are going to increase on average. For instance, if you have someone who’s making $100,000 a year, let’s say inflation is 3% and your raise every year is 1.5%. So inflation is growing at twice the rate your salary is. That’s another component. That means folks are earning less and less, relative to the goods they’re going to have to buy.

The next thing is that a lot of folks may recall this brief refinance boom we’ve been going through, which is pretty important. People went out and got a lot of mortgages called “Adjustable Rate Mortgages,” which have an extraordinarily low interest rate to start, let’s say 3% in some cases. But in a couple of years, maybe two to five, depending on the term of the Adjustable Rate Mortgage, their rate is going to go up, it’s going to adjust upward.

So people went out and bought more house than they could normally afford, or they refinanced, got the low payments, and bought a car that they couldn’t afford if their payment had to adjust upward. What’s going to happen here in the next two to five years is that all of these ARMs are going to be adjusting upward, and that’s pretty critical because people aren’t going to be able to afford them.

They aren’t going to be able to afford them because they didn’t count on it, and also because inflation is outpacing wage growth. All of this sounds great, but you may say, “How is that going to affect my business?”

Here’s the way it affects your foreclosure real estate business. If you’re in a judicial foreclosure State, where properties that are in foreclosure go through a judicial process before a foreclosure is complete; or a non-judicial foreclosure State, where the properties go through a trustee as they’re going through a foreclosure-you’re going to see less and less equity in these properties.

So if you know, like I said earlier, that banks are going to take short sales because of the numbers-meaning they have to pay all of these expenses-and the foreclosed properties aren’t going to have a lot of equity in them, you have to be able to negotiate short sales effectively if you’re going to be working in the foreclosure market.

The foreclosure market represents the most motivated sellers. Traditionally, with motivated sellers, you’ll find really good deals. That’s why banks are going to take foreclosures on the conditions that are spurring on all these foreclosures. It’s an amazing phenomenon that we’re working on right now.

Folks might also ask about a common [inaudible]. Well, what if we’re in a real estate bubble? If we’re in a real estate bubble, that means values are going to go down, which means folks are going to owe more than what their property is worth. Again, negotiating short sales is going to be critical to your success in the foreclosure business. If we’re not in a bubble, that’s fine too.

We already [backed out] the numbers; still negotiating short sales is going to be critical to your real estate business because people are borrowing up to, and sometimes above 100% of the value of their property. Whatever way you slice it, as far as having a skill, negotiating short sales is probably, in my opinion, one of the most lucrative skills that someone can have as a real estate investor.”

I hope the above information gives you some insight into the world of real estate investing and short sales. Graham has worked very hard at becoming an expert on this topic and is a resource you should inevitably add to your business. If you would like to hear more information similar to this exert and many other interviews please visit my site at and sign up to receive all of my interviews at absolutely no cost. Also, if you would like to learn more about Graham “Mr. Banker” Treakle you can follow this link to his website, .

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