Health Herald

Leaving Cigarette without Gaining Weight

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Thu, 03 Mar 2011 01:55:00 +0000

Gaining weight is one of the biggest fears smokers have about quitting. We hear horror stories of quitters putting twenty, thirty or even forty pounds on, and worry that the same will happen to us.
But is it really necessary to put weight on when you quit smoking? And does weight gain depend on the method used to stop? I believe there are three main reasons that many people gain weight when they quit smoking.
The first is that for many people, physical withdrawal from nicotine feels a lot like a hunger pang. In the period immediately after quitting, smokers going through withdrawal find themselves feeling hungry, when in fact they are experiencing a nicotine pang. So essentially, they get tricked into eating when they arent genuinely hungry.
This is actually what is behind the myth of the cigarette as an appetite suppressant. Smokers give the cigarette the credit for removing a hunger pang when they werent actually hungry!
The second is the myth of the cigarette as something to speed the metabolism up. It is true that smoking elevates the metabolic rate, but only by a very small amount (1-2%) and it does it in the most dangerous way imaginable: by clogging up your bloodstream, elevating heart rate and blood pressure and by dumping adrenaline the fight or flight chemical into the bloodstream. Does this sound like relaxation or stress relief to you? It sounds like the recipe for a heart attack to me!
This extra burden on the metabolic system has the effect of burning off around 100 additional calories per day, so it is not as if smokers have this fabulous fat-burning capacity just because they smoke. If that were true you would never see an overweight smoker and there are certainly plenty of those around!
Whilst these myths may account for some modest weight gain, they are not sufficient to explain why we hear stories of people putting large amounts of weight on. This is explained by our third reason: that the vast majority of people who quit smoking whether they do it on their own or use a quit smoking aid or medication do so without addressing the beliefs they have about smoking that create their desire to smoke. For example, the belief that smoking helps them relax or cope with stress.
As a result of this, when they quit they feel deprived. Part of them wants to quit, but part wants to smoke because they still believe that the cigarette provided some benefit, pleasure or crutch. This emotional conflict creates symptoms of fear, anxiety, edginess and irritability. They feel like theyve lost their best friend and they look for a substitute. In many cases, perhaps because of the hand-mouth connection which resembles smoking, the substitute they use is food.
To make sure you dont gain weight when you quit, follow these three simple steps:
1.Understand that physical withdrawal from nicotine, which lasts around three days, can sometimes feel a bit like hunger, so before tucking into that extra snack ask yourself whether you are genuinely hungry or whether it could just be a nicotine pang
2.Realize that being a smoker put a substantial burden onto your metabolism, and used up around 100 calories a day. To retain your body weight at its current level as a non-smoker you may need to reduce your intake of calories by around 100. Alternatively, you can get a bit more physically active and burns those 100 calories off. As a non-smoker, you will have much more energy, so this is probably your best option and exercise of course has many other benefits too
3.Dont substitute. By quitting smoking you havent lost a friend, youve killed an enemy. Take this attitude to quitting and there will be no sense of deprivation and therefore no desire to substitute food for cigarettes.

Rest Tips for Good Health

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Mon, 28 Feb 2011 01:33:00 +0000

Sleep can be defined as a condition of rest, as opposed to waking and regularly throughout the day, during which the body recuperate. When we sleep our consciousness is suspended, that we are no longer receptive to external stimuli resulting from 'our environment, unless they are of great magnitude. Activity slows down many of our nerve centers and there is a reduction of several physiological functions: slow metabolism, blood circulation and respiration and body temperature lowers.

Sleep disorders are of different types and very common, the most popular is probably the 'insomnia, that is, difficulty falling asleep and / or sleep continuously a sufficient number of hours. The 'Insomnia may be transitional, can then be countered with a series of routine precautions or herbal remedies, or chronic, and then you should consult a doctor who can recommend a medication tailored to the patient's psychological and physical situation.

Causes of insomnia are many: physical and environmental factors affect many, but in most cases it is linked to psychological factors: everyone has of not being able to sleep when you are in a state of excitement as the first examination or of his marriage. Surely, if you go through a period of particular stress, anxiety and nervousness, it is easier to suffer insomnia.

Some good advice to combat sleep disorders may be the following:

Try to go to sleep and wake at the same time and avoid napping in the 'arc of the day, is it possible to restore the sleep cycle - wake adequate;

Prefer to shower, a relaxing hot bath before going to sleep;

Avoid activities; physics in the evening: it stimulates the production of adrenaline, making it more difficult to 'act of falling asleep;

Avoid drinking beverages like coffee and tea after 17:00, as well as all the stimulants in general (caffeine, protein, alcohol, nicotine, etc..)

Devote yourself to relaxing activities before bedtime like reading a good book;

Enjoy a hot drink such as milk or good old chamomile may be helpful for sleep;

if you went to bed once you find yourself tired and turning in bed, you better get up and engage in something else I can relax: stay in bed just make you more nervous;

Eat a light dinner.

Often, sleep and fight his ailments you rely on herbal remedies: Useful turns taking valerian, passionflower and the "evergreen" chamomile. Among the supplements are useful for those based on melatonin, especially if the insomnia is caused by time zone change (jet lag).

Melatonin is a natural substance secreted by the pineal gland: its concentration in the blood increases during the night and is very useful in helping restore the wake cycle - sleep. Its production declines with age: for this reason it is often recommended for older people to improve the rest. Melatonin does not need a prescription because it seems not to side effects, but it is advisable to consult a doctor.

In cases of severe insomnia and protracted, treatments are strictly prescribed by a physician and may provide the use of drugs and psycho-drugs with a powerful tranquilizer, and often associated with a path to psychotherapy.

Natural Tips to Help Control Acne

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Wed, 23 Feb 2011 13:18:00 +0000

Acne is annoying and irritating skin condition that many have to deal with. Acne treatment systems can be expensive and may not always work, or even worse, damage the sensitive skin on the face. Fortunately, there area several things you can do to naturally cure acne at home. Many of the acne cures on the market have harsh chemicals that can irritate and damage the skin. Here are 4 very useful tips to resolve your breakouts:

Pure vinegar or pure lemon juice (diluted in water if you prefer) can be a useful natural cleanser of your face and/or body skin; moreover, this juice will help you remove excess oil or grease from your skin (if you suffer from dry skin this juice is not indicated, of course).
Vinegar is a good natural cure for acne because it kills off the bacteria that causes acne. Wash your face as normal. Add one tablespoon of vinegar to 1/2 cup water and dab it onto your skin. Leave it on for ten minutes and rinse it off. You can also use a stronger solution of vinegar if necessary. You can use lemon juice in the same way as vinegar.
Oatmeal is often used to soothe irritated skin, but it also benefits those with acne. It absorbs unhealthy, acne causing oils off the surface of the skin. To make an oatmeal mask, mix a cup of oatmeal with one or two teaspoons of milk. Do not soak the oats with the milk, but just add enough to create a pasty consistency. Let it cool and then massage it onto your face. Let it sit for about 20 minutes and then rinse it off. The oatmeal absorbs the oil and dirt from your skin without over drying it.
Neem Leaves and Turmeric: This is a traditional method of clearing acne naturally. Take some tender neem leaves and raw turmeric and then crush them to make a paste. Apply it on the pimples for 15-20 minutes and then wash off.
Ice Pack: Take an ice cube, wrap it up in a cloth and apply it on the acne for 5-10 minutes and not more than that. This gives an instant soothing effect on the irritation caused by acne. After repeated application of 4-5 times in a day, you will find that the inflammation has gone down too.

E-cigarette: An Item Of Our Personal Approaching Potential?

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Tue, 22 Feb 2011 02:59:00 +0000

Electric cigarettes have unquestionably been known for a little bit now. Much more both males and females are going to the realization they are more practical for a lot of the places both males and females check out everyday. Some males and females having said that disagree with electric cigarettes for the reason that experience it will motivate using tobacco. Not can we should depart an establishment featuring a smoking ban. Alternatively we can easily vape when using electronic cigarette while still staying inside of a location that usually would have made us go away. And naturally that is definitely something that may as well stop us addicted to nicotine to get a tremendously very long time.

In many ways, I imagine they've good cause to feel using this method, nonetheless technological know-how will be quicker everyday, along with almost all situations e-cigs are exceedingly beneficial. Because electronic cigarettes were first released into society as well as smoking world, they've evolved and changed the lives of people who carry the electrical cigarettes. The most up-to-date electric cigarettes have abilities that nobody ever dreamed may be doable. New tastes are typically being released everyday, people are changing their e-cigarettes, and some assume that their lasting is practically endless. Some may even be charged program portable automobile chargers.

This being stated, the ecigarette has verified to be a deserving asset to your engineering world in addition to to the social community. It furthermore increases the majority of the circumstances for everyday men and women as well as specialists like medical professionals, lawyers, cops, and instructors. The electric cigarette starter kit must have been a superb shown to whoever created the first system. I'm nearly positive electronic cigarettes will check out boost and become adjusted just like any other product, nonetheless why and idea will go to be the same. Examine comparable products. Would likely not prefer to surrender you beer, but do you require to have high grade beer every single time? And everyone understands that cigarettes really are a huge expenditure for smokers. Chances are you'll contemplate changing to ecig from firms including the Luci ecigarette to economize in your smoking addiction.

E cigarettes really are a portion of today's world and they're going to be considered a component for the long term. Folks ought to understand that engineering is really what this whole world is dependant upon right now. These who're in disagreement about electric cigarette and their use, are frequently the both males and females who don't know them. This can be precisely the same way as the personal pc or digital camera. The largest specify consider are these claims; can we stop in yesterday, or relish the improvements for your better tomorrow? Our children and grandkids often have an benefit for those who definitely take the time to contemplate the details.

Taking Care Of Baby's Skin Matters

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Tue, 22 Feb 2011 02:55:00 +0000

Taking care of your babys skin is one of the innumerable important jobs that youll have as a parent. Baby skin is incredibly delicate and requires a different skin care regimen as compared to adults.

Many parents underestimate the sensitivity of their childs skin. While it may be tempting to save money and use the same dry skin care products on your babys skin as you would on your own, this can cause serious problems. Imagine using bar soap on the sensitive skin of your face as compared to a specialty product designed for the chemistry of your skin. It would likely end up causing you a great deal of discomfort. The same thing would happen to your babys skin if you were to consistently use products geared for adults to cleanse it. An unhappy baby can be a very loud baby, and dry skin can make babies incredibly unhappy.

In order to protect the health of your baby (and your eardrums as parents), be sure to get your baby skin care products from outlets that specialize in baby skin care. This would seem to be logical but many parents fail to do so and jeopardize the dermatological health of their babies at the same time.

The good news is that finding baby skin care products does not have to be an expensive or frustrating process. Many dermatological companies make specialty baby skin care products for reasonable prices, so purchasing these doesnt require much more expense as it would to buy your baby adult dry skin products. Pay attention to the health of your babys skin after all, its your babys first defense against illness and injury. Taking proper care of your babys skin with appropriate baby skin care products is the first step in making sure that you protect your baby against all illnesses.

Tips for Losing Fat and Gaining Mucles

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sun, 20 Feb 2011 13:20:00 +0000

To lose fat gain muscle faster, you have to build a foundation of proper nutrition and exercise. But of course, you knew that. This is nothing new. However there is still big problems with the diet and exercises regimen that most overweight people use.
First off, most dieters and too concerned with losing weight, rather than lose fat build muscle. You see weight loss and fat loss are not one and the same. You can lose weight and actually end up with more body fat.
Weight loss involved bones, muscles, organs and water. Yes water. Many people lose water weight but that is not enough. What you want to do is to lower your body fat levels. That is the sign that you are on the right track to a leaner, healthier, sexier body.
Many dieters cut calories drastically thinking that is the key to a leaner body. Actually it could be the key to a fatter body. When you "starve yourself into losing weight, you invariably end up losing a lot of lean muscle mass. Low calorie diets tend to slow down your metabolic rate tremendously. In other words, your body becomes less efficient at burning fat.
The best approach to dieting is to cut calories moderately and to eat a balanced diet. The rule of thumb is to lose about 1% of your weight weekly. Trying to shed the pounds too fast is the road to failure and loss of muscle mass.
You see, the more lean muscle mass you have, the higher your metabolic rate is running. Muscle burns more calories than fat does. Bodybuilders have a higher metabolic rate than the average person because they have so much muscle mass. This is why it is important to lose fat gain muscle.
Of course, exercise is a vital part of fat burning and muscle building. But you have to ensure that you are doing the right type of exercises - and I am not just talking about lifting weights specifically. I am talking about the most efficient exercises to lose fat gain muscle.

December 2011 Philippine Nursing Licensure Examination Results

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sat, 19 Feb 2011 16:49:00 +0000

NLE RESULTS DECEMBER 2010 -

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sat, 19 Feb 2011 11:30:00 +0000

Visiting your dentist is a necessary. Regular dental check up can alert you about issues on your oral health, so that you can take preventive measures to safeguard it. Don't neglect your oral health because your teeth may be at risk even if you are practicing good oral hygiene. If you feel anxious on your appointment, reward yourself after. Regular visit to the dentist can ensure you are set on the path to a lifetime of good oral health.
Here are some tips that you should keep in mind when you visit the dentist

Find out about various dental services, so that you know which option is suited for the result you want. For instance, if you want your teeth straightened, metal braces and Invisalign will help, but they each have their advantages and disadvantages. The dentist can discuss these with you, so that your decision is an informed one.
Schedule regular checkups every six months, for good oral health. On your first visit to the doctor, X-rays and exams will enable him or her to understand your requirements.
Cosmetic dentistry can range from porcelain veneers to teeth whitening. Professional teeth whitening can lighten your smile and make you look several years younger.
Check whether the doctor is using the latest technology in their procedures. The office and facilities should be clean, well maintained, and organized.
dental services can vary from sedation dentistry to root canal treatment. You can choose sedation dentistry if the procedure you are undergoing is lengthy and painful.
In case the procedure you are considering is costly, you should take price quotes from a couple of dentists. However, the comfort level you have with each doctor should also influence your decision.

Prevent Breast Cancer by Eating Mangoes!

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Fri, 18 Feb 2011 13:40:00 +0000

Studies shows that Mango can prevent breast cancer, This conclusion was drawn after Researchers from Texas AgriLife Research Institute of Food has studied the 5 kinds of mango. Mangoes can be a great source of vitamin A, Sugar, protein, and other essential vitamins and minerals.

Not all people know its role in health, it contains strong antioxidant. A study of Mango found that its anticancer properties can inhibit certain types of breast and colon cancer. Researchers studied the anti-oxidant extracted from mangoes called polyphenols which is important in physiological activity material. It can increase the bodys metabolic rate and help the body burn more fat and calories.

It also contains carbohydrate, the protein, and lots of Vitamins. A team of researchers, from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne in England and Denmark, found the natural pesticide falcarinol reduced the risk of cancer. Carotene was ingested and then Converted into vitamin A. Vitamin A can maintain the normal human epithelial tissue structure and function, making it difficult violations of carcinogenic substances. Particularly suitable for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

It is found out that mango does not kill normal cells, it is estimated that there will not harm the body. Mango on lung cancer, leukemia and prostate cancer have a certain effect, but the most common breast and colon cancer is very effective. Mango nutrient-rich, has the effect of anti-cancer, beautifying the skin, prevent high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, prevent constipation, cough, clear the stomach.

Yoga's Different Styles

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Wed, 16 Feb 2011 03:43:00 +0000

Yoga is known to be inherited from the ancient health disciplines. Although numerous styles of yoga have emerged over the past few yeas, the major difference between these styles is more on the intensity to which you perform it rather than how you do it. It means the prime differences are on things like how you align your body, what kind of breathing method you follow and how it is linked to your movements, how you stay in a posture and how to shift from one posture to the another one.

Astanga style of yoga was developed by K. Pattabhi. Astanga is a Sanskrit word meaning eight limbs. This yoga style puts focus on speed. The routines are generally quite intense and require a lot from the practitioner as he shifts from one posture to another continually. Astanga has been subsequently developed into the more advanced Power Yoga. This modern form of yoga inherits mostly from astanga the speed and flow of the routine, although the asanas may vary from the ones that Astanga prescribes.

The Iyengar style of yoga was developed on the basis of the findings of the renowned yogic guru B.K.S Iyengar. Body alignment is one prime focus in this style of yoga. One of the most important aspects of yoga, the alignment of body is generally the position you hold while performing the asanas. This alignment decides how effective each of the asanas would be. Iyengar suggested that it is extremely important to hold a pose for a longer period of time in order to maximize the effects of the asana.

Developed by T.K.V Desiachar, Viniyoga yoga style is one of widely used styles of yoga all across the world. The emphasis in this form of yoga is on the breathing techniques and how you coordinate your breathing with your bodily movements.

A Powerful Ct Scan Machine: MRI

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Wed, 16 Feb 2011 03:41:00 +0000

MRI is the abbreviation of magnetic resonance imaging. It is an imaging technique which used the process of radiology that shows detail internal structure. It uses a powerful magnetic field which helps to line up certain magnetizations of some atom inside the body. MRI is a kind of scanning machine that is used to scan the internal organs of the brain or the head, heart, muscle, cancer etc. it is useful particularly for these types of organs in the body. Though we know that other medical techniques which involve the imaging processes like ct scan, x-ray etc are all old techniques that uses ionizing radiation technique. But MRI used no ionizing technique.

MRI machine uses a transmitter of radio frequency that can be used in producing the electromagnetic field. Generally the photons in this field are called the resonance frequency. As the duration and the intensity of the application of field increases, aligned spins have been affected. When the field has turned off, the protons generally decay in the spin-down position and the disparity in energy in between these two states are released as photons. Generally these are the photons that generate electromagnetic signals which the scanner helps to detect.

The strength of magnetic field generally depends on the frequency the protons usually resonate. It produces conversation energy that helps to dictate the frequency of released photon. The photons are released and produce a magnetic energy. It produces a conversation of energy that helps to detect the imaging device.

MRI is generally a type of the medical test which is non-invasive. It helps the physicians to diagnose any major disease. It uses a magnetic field that produces a clear picture of the internal organs of the body. It produces detailed images soft issues, organs, bones etc. the images are generally examined through the monitor that is transmitted electronically. After that you can bring out the print through the printer or you can load it into a CD.

Ct Scans New Revolution In Detection And Treatment

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Wed, 16 Feb 2011 03:40:00 +0000

Conventional x-ray technique uses an x-ray machine which focuses radiation beams on the effected area of the body to produce 2D images on a film or digital detector. CT scans use x-ray machines which rotate around the body and the output is shown on a computer. The images of the internal parts of the body come in cross sectional mode like slices. Most of the doctors prefer CT scan over conventional x-ray for many reasons. Some of them are:

Conventional x-ray of a body part shows the bones and the overlapping outlines of softer parts like liver, heart, stomach, intestines, kidney and so on whereas a CT scans clearly show the bones and organs with the inner structure with a detailed anatomy of the pancreas, kidneys, blood vessels, adrenal glands etc. CT scan also helps in diagnosing bone and muscle disorders like tumors and fractures, pinpoints the location of the tumor, infection and blood clot, guides in surgeries, biopsy and radiation therapy, detects and monitors cancer and heart diseases and detects minor injuries & internal bleedings.

In the process of CT scans, the patient lies on a table in a doughnut shaped machine named gantry. The machine has an x-ray tube which rotates around the body and transmits small quantity radiation through the various angles. Different tissues of the body absorb different quantity of the radiation as the x-rays pass through the body. The detectors measure the radiation and convert the radiations in electrical signals. The powerful computer which is attached to the machine gathers the signals and assigns a color to them which depend on the intensity of the signal. Finally the computer assembles these images and shows on the monitor.

CT scans help in quick diagnosis. Those who want to be diagnosed quickly can take help of CT scan which works on renal-colic-study principle. The standard procedure is followed for immediate diagnosis of kidney pain and other types of problems in human body. CT scans are much costlier than conventional x-rays but a CT scan reveals what an x-ray can not and helps in quick treatment in a proper way.

Hyper Weight Loss - Exercises To Reduce Belly Fat

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Tue, 15 Feb 2011 11:59:00 +0000

So, you want to lose your belly fat and yet you are doing nothing. You want to become a better person and you want to be fit but you have done nothing to achieve your aspirations. Belly fat is indeed not a good sight to look at. Definitely, it is not something that most people want to have.

Belly fat is not only a good sight to look at; you do not wish to have it because it might be an indication of an underlying disease. You have also to consider your health more than anything else. Belly fat is not an indication of good health and instead something that should be taken into consideration that there is a need to start working your way to reduce it.

Through exercises to reduce belly fat, you can surely achieve a slimmer belly. When you exercise generally, it is the belly fat which is reduced immediately. You will notice that your hard work will pay off. After doing a general attempt on weight loss you will see that there is a big difference.

You can also do special strength training exercises. In your own little way, you can surely do something about your belly fat problem. You do not need to go on and make yourself think of ways in which you can possibly lose weight. Tone and firm up your abdomen with the help of exercises like sit ups, leg raises and side twists.

You can surely do it. Do not be afraid to try out these exercises and in the end you will get what you want. You do not need to become an exercise junkie, you just need to maintain and help yourself. Do it consistently and in the end you will have the results you are aiming for.

Hgh Human Growth Hormone

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Tue, 15 Feb 2011 11:58:00 +0000

All Natural Human Growth Hormone Spray Provides a Fountain of Youth

Levels of human growth hormone drop off when adults reach their 30s. The drop off in the level of this hormone has been attributed to accelerating the aging process. While the human growth hormone will not help a person who has reached his maximum height any taller, it can help the user maintain muscle tone and help maintain joint health.

Sytropin Works Better than HGH Supplement Pills

A number of companies sell over-the-counter pills containing the human growth hormone, but the pills are difficult to take and easy to forget. The body also has a harder time supplementing pills than it does other supplement forms. The best solution for a person who wants to benefit from the health-enhancing qualities of HGH is sytropin. Sytropin is a human growth hormone spray that takes the place of pills.

Sytropin, like all other forms of human growth hormone, will reduce the effects of aging and prevent new wrinkles from forming. The spray can be combined with other supplement and changes to the user's diet as a part of a person's overall health. Because this hormone is produced in the human body, a person who wants to benefit from it cannot increase his levels by eating foods that are rich in human growth hormone. He must find a synthetic or natural way to supplement it. Prescription injections of HGH are the most effective sources of human growth hormones, but prescription human growth hormone is only prescribed for very specific conditions.

Sytropin is Safer than Injections

Sytropin replaces the dangerous and painful injections that are the most common delivery method for the Human Growth Hormone. The all-natural sytropin removes the need to inject the body with the hormone, and because it is not synthetic, it has very few side effects when the human body absorbs the product. The spray lets it be absorbed directly into the skin.

An all-natural HGH spray offers another advantage over the painful injections.

A user can order a bottle of Sytropin and have it arrive in his mail box within a few days of his purchase. When the bottle arrives, the user opens the package and points the bottle to the back of his throat. The spray enters the body and the bloodstream almost directly.

A Sytropin user should not expect to get results from the product as quickly as he would for HGH shots, but the trade-off comes because the spray does not cause any adverse effects as long as it is used as directed.

People around the world have are discovering HGH as a fountain of youth. Why not order a bottle of Sytropin and see what human growth hormone can do for you. It may not be the fabled fountain of youth once sought by Spanish explorers, but it does restore the levels of HGH in a person over 30 to the same levels he experienced when he was younger. You will look better, feel better and gain more energy than you had before. You also don't have to spend years exploring Florida looking for something that was not there.

Over Coming Diabetic Symptoms

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Tue, 15 Feb 2011 11:58:00 +0000

Diabetes is becoming a problem for many people and you may have just received this diagnosis or know someone with this disease. Diabetes continues to increase year after year and about half of diabetics do not even know that they have this debilitating disease. Dealing with the diabetes epidemic and overcoming diabetes and reversing the symptoms of this disease requires making certain lifestyle changes.

The majority of new diabetes cases are mainly due to making poor nutritional choices in addition to the sedentary lifestyle that is fairly common in this modern age. It is possible to manage diabetes and even overcome diabetes. While there are various medications that are prescribed for diabetes management, the best approach to the treatment and cure of diabetes is adopting the holistic approach to the treatment of diabetes.

What is Diabetes?

Insulin which is required to transfer the glucose in the blood stream to the various cells in the body is produced by the pancreas. Glucose is required by the body for energy for daily activities and for the proper functioning of the body. When you consume food particularly carbohydrates, the body converts this food into glucose which is the simplest form of sugar.

When a person has diabetes, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or the body does not respond to the insulin produced for any number of reasons. In addition, the pancreas may also not produce any insulin at all.

This leads to the accumulation of glucose in the blood that cannot be transferred to the various body's cells. This accumulation is then secreted by the body through urine leading to the loss of necessary energy needed for day to day activities.

Diabetes Types

a. Type 1

A Type 1 diabetes diagnosis leads to the reliance on daily injections of insulin. Injecting insulin is the quickest way to enable the insulin to quickly start transferring the glucose in the blood to the various cells and organs in the body.

Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed during childhood and results from a malfunctioning pancreas that stops producing insulin which means that diabetics with this type will rely on injections of insulin in order to survive.

b. Type 2

With Type 2 diabetes the pancreas does not produce enough or the body rejects or does not know how to use the insulin produced. Type 2 diabetes diagnoses have been exploding each year and this is mainly due to poor lifestyle choices. With this type of diabetes, it is possible to cure it by making better nutrition choices and adding daily activity.

If not properly managed, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes can lead to various long term damage to the heart, kidneys, eyes and the nerves if glucose continues to accumulate in the blood stream with no place to go.

Diabetes complications that can result from this damage include dealing with blindness, heart disease, kidney disease, various skin conditions, the nerve damage can lead to the necessity for limb amputations, etc. Diabetes complications can also lead to a diabetic coma or death.

c. Gestational

Gestational diabetes is usually pregnancy related and usually goes away a few months after giving birth. It can also develop into Type 1 diabetes later on. Gestational diabetes usually develops during the third trimester.

Symptoms of Diabetes

Because the symptoms of diabetes usually develop gradually, diabetes is known as one of the silent killers. It is important to note that because some diabetics with Type 2 diabetes many not show any diabetes symptoms, it is especially important to get tested for diabetes. Some of the symptoms of diabetes include;

a. Excessive hunger

b. Excessive thirst

c. The need to urinate frequently

d. If you experience sudden changes in eye sight or sudden vision problems

e. Fatigue problems

f. If you have bruises and cuts that are very slow to heal

g. Unusual weight loss that is sudden

Read more: http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/Diabetes-Epidemic---Overcoming-And-Reversing-The-Symptoms-Of-Diabetes/2090964#ixzz1E1nWeR1a
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Have an Excellent Body by Anabolic Weight Loss Plan Options

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sun, 13 Feb 2011 11:01:00 +0000

Anabolic weight loss plan plans is vital in your accomplishment in having great muscle groups and beneficial weight loss plan. Not having the correct diet can greatly affect your mission to have wonderful muscular tissues and a sexy body figure. You are going to end up wasting your time, funds and gain pounds as an alternative to losing and all of your challenging work and sacrifice will likely be useless. This sort of diet plan makes it possible for you to have scheduled carbohydrate intake in the course of weekdays and weekends. This essentially means you might have scheduled eating habits ideas and divide your excess fat, protein and carb consumption each day.
In case you recall once you were adolescent your mom and dad constantly tell you to eat the correct foods so that you will grow to be robust and massive. Anabolic food plan ideas can help you in burning those extra fats and convert them into strength instead of obtaining a great deal of sugar intake which may lead to diseases inside conclusion. In order available for you to mature people muscles and have a fantastic entire body determine you may need to possess eating habits plan that will truly offer you good final results. Remember that in human body creating you need to consume the right food items and an exceptional get the job done out program to acquire good final results. Obtaining to consume the incorrect food stuff can provide you devastating results. Rather than lowering and gaining muscle groups you end up gaining the weight back and find yourself disappointed. Listed below are steps you'll be able to follow to shed pounds and have a fantastic physique figure:
·1St you should ailment oneself and your entire body in using anabolic food plan ideas. This way you will probably be prepared in accomplishing this diet and nutrition software.
·Retain observe of your respective calorie intake. Anabolic eating habits programs makes it possible for you to keep track within your calorie consumption. This indicate you are going to need to have to possess schedules on when to eat meals which have substantial calorie articles. This diet plan software divides your food stuff intake for instance on Monday you consume up 60 p.c of Body fat as well as the next day you consume 45 of Protein and so forth so forth.
·This type of eating habits plan makes it possible for you to consume each a few several hours. Keep in mind that other excess weight reduction approaches instruct you to skip meals and a few won't let you consume right after six o'clock. To let you know the real truth these methods really are a comprehensive nonsense so you finish up consuming a lot more than your normal capability and finish up gaining pounds. Anabolic food plan allows you to consume just about every 3 hours to forestall you from over consuming and acquiring hunger spasms.
·Finally look for a fantastic workout application to again up your diet program. There lots of offered on the web instruction and physical fitness centers which will enable you to increase individuals muscle groups and assist you in reaching your target and which is to own great and organization muscle tissues.
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Encouraging Exercise in Children

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Fri, 11 Feb 2011 01:14:00 +0000

It is a necessity that kids stay physically active and get a great deal of exercise in order to stay fit. Even those that are at a healthy weight need an opportunity to get rid of extra energy and help make their bodies healthy and strong.

Exercise is considered to be a necessary part of having a healthy lifestyle, even for youngsters. Childhood is a time to spend outdoors exploring and being active.

However, this does not mean that every youth has to spend all day outside exercising or playing sports. There is a definitely a way that they can be overworked to a negative point.

Not every kid will have the capacity to excel in athletics and sports; if yours does not show interest in organized teams, there are other ways that they can exert themselves and still remain fit. Some parents are under the impression that their son or daughter requires more exercise and fitness than they really do, whereas, some do not allow them enough to stay healthy.

It has been recommended by professionals that children and teens get at least sixty minutes of continuous exercise or activity each day. Most school systems have tried to instill a physical education course which offers at least twenty or thirty minutes of activity while in school.

Your youngster may reach their necessary amount of exercise before they get home, due to physical education and recess time. However, it is necessary to make sure that they still partake in some sort of activity after school, as well.

Kids that come home and spent most of the afternoon watching television, playing video games, or performing some other type of stagnant activity are more likely to experience weight problems as they get older. Instilling a good basis of exercise and healthy habits at a young age is vital if you want them to remain energetic and vigorous throughout their life.

It is very important that you ask your child about their day and how much time they spent moving. If their gym class includes a long period of preparation, changing, and showering and they really only get a small amount of real exercise, it will probably be necessary for them to play a sport of some kind in the afternoon.

Free play is a great way for kids to release energy and burn calories. Even making up their own games can offer them the opportunity to move around.

Exercise has proven to offer a great deal of benefits for youth; it gives them a high sense of self esteem, helps them to sleep better, gives them more energy throughout the day, and decreases anxiety and depression. When paired with a healthy diet, it is also the best measure of reducing and preventing childhood obesity.

It is not very likely that they will be spending time at the gym or on a treadmill, so it is sometimes uncertain to determine how many calories they are burning. However, the sixty minutes of exercise each day is a good general rule for everyone under the age of eighteen.

Diet is also a vital piece of the fitness puzzle; if your child is very active, but still gaining weight, the types of foods they are eating may be to blame. Try to limit their intake of sugar and treats, including soda, junk food, and candy.

This can be difficult, especially when the food market thrives on kid-oriented products. You may need to do your grocery shopping without them present; ask them beforehand the types of foods that they would enjoy eating.

If there are too many that are unhealthy, decide yourself how to modify them into nutritious options. It is essential that youth get a high amount of vitamins from fruits and vegetables; they should also be ingesting a healthy dose of milk and dairy products each day for calcium, as well as getting enough complex carbohydrates to keep them moving through their exercise.

You may find it difficult, sometimes, to motivate them into exercising and getting outdoors and off the couch. There are many ways that you can help them; however, probably the most important way is to be an example of fitness, yourself.

Make sports and games a family activity where everyone participates and has fun together. Encouraging health in your youngster's life is vital to their fitness for the rest of their life.

Understanding your several Acne Care Treatments

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Fri, 11 Feb 2011 01:13:00 +0000

Acne Care Treatment

The causes of acne are tied to the changes that happen when a child passes from infancy to puberty. Many persons still believe that acne is caused by dirty skin. The truth is, instead, is that to only wash the skin does not make acne disappear, nor does it prevent it. Adult acne treatment methods works just like those addressed to other age groups. To wash the skin, however, helps to remove the excess of sebum and the dead cells of the skin, and adults should be aware of this as well. Many persons use every type of product, including alcoholic detergents and exfoliant creams, often irritating the skin more than clearing it! Adult acne treatment approaches should also consider the social and psychological effects of adult acne. To wash the face two times a day, in a delicate way with water and a delicate detergent, is the best choice. However, acne is caused from a complex array of biological factors that cannot be eliminated just by washing. For this reason, it is necessary to begin a serious adult acne treatment focused on the problem of acne.

Adult acne treatment – myths and facts

In some cases, acne also persists in the adult age. This type of acne, generally, hits the skin of the face, but also the one of the body, and men are more exposed then women. Adult acne treatment for women takes into account the fact that the appearance of this type of acne is parallel to the menstrual cycle. In other cases, the acne is introduced randomly in the adult age: this type of acne plagues men and women alike. Acne is not caused by food, but some food items do have the potential to irritate the skin. To follow a tight diet will not recover your skin. While some think that their problem of acne is aggravated from the foods they consume (like the chocolate, drinks, fat oysters and foods), there are no scientific tests that demonstrate this being true. However it is not a mistake to avoid the fatter foods, but a focused and well-applied adult acne treatment is also necessary in order to get rid of this annoying condition. There are several ways to eliminate zits in adulthood. The most successful acne treatment methods may include acne blemish laser treatment, acne rosacea treatment, laser acne treatment. Consult with your dermatologist in order to determine which adult acne removal treatment will work best for you.

Treatment – Alpha hydroxy acid

Also known in the medical community as ascorbic acid, this technique mainly focuses on improving the levels of oil in the skin. It actually reduces the oil amount produced by the skin, thus diminishing the chances of acne eruptions. Alpha hydroxy acid also reduces the number of dead cells in the skin so your face looks healthier and with less irritation. This particular acne care treatment is effective when used in the early or mid stages of the problem, but it also used in severe acne treatment. The acid is found in several acne treatment drugs and ointments

Chemical peels acne treatment

In most cases, chemical peel treatments are used to remove lines under the eyes and around the mouth, as well as, sun-damaged skin, mild scarring, age spots and other skin problems. Acne treatments may include this method in which the dermatologist applies a certain chemical substance to the skin. The targeted spot blisters and can be peeled off. This method of acne care treatment is effective mostly for removing scars, especially in the facial area. The treatment is accompanies by some heat and stinging sensation, a fact that most patients found acceptable given the efficiency of the acne treatment.

Acne care treatment final remarks

There are several other methods for curing acne, such as home remedies or laser treatment. In order to select the best treatment for your pimple and zits you should consult with your doctor or dermatologist.

Pain Killer for the Killer Cancer

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sun, 06 Feb 2011 10:44:00 +0000

In particular, the widely-used arthritis drug (also known as the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib) has led to a 60% reduction of non-melanoma skin cancers – some of the most common cancers in the US with nearly 2 million diagnoses a year.

“For individuals who are at very high risk of skin cancer, this may be a method to reduce the number of new tumors they develop,” says study author Alice Pentland from the University of Rochester Medical Center, “despite the drug’s known side effects.” (These include ulcers and heart attack.)

In a clinical trial with 240 patients for over 11 months, the researchers found that celecoxib slowed or stopped actinic keratoses – flat, dry, scaly patches on sun-exposed areas like the arms, scalp, nose and back of the neck – from becoming full-fledged tumors.

Celecoxib didn’t prevent new actinic keratoses, but the number of non-melanoma skin cancers was lower in these patients than in control patients, all of whom started with 10 to 40 of these ‘premalignant precursors.’

There are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents for the prevention of non-melanoma skin cancers, although sunscreens are widely recommended for this purpose, according to study author Craig Elmetsof the University of Alabama at Birmingham. “However, even sunscreens are only modestly effective,” he adds. “The demonstration that celecoxib can prevent these common malignancies heralds an entirely new approach for the prevention of these common malignancies.”

In the future, a combination of protective measures, like sunscreens and hats, along with therapies like COX inhibitors may be used to decrease the incidence of skin cancer.

The direct treatment of these cancers is estimated to exceed $1.4 billion annually. And unlike many other malignancies, their incidences are increasing, especially in young people.

The study was published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute and was jointly funded by Pfizer (the maker of Celebrex) and the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health.

Predicting Bacteria Mutation

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sun, 06 Feb 2011 09:52:00 +0000

There are many mechanisms by which organisms become resistant [to antibiotics, for example] and many of them are very fancy, devilishly clever. One focus of our work has been trying to develop technology, particularly algorithms and software, that could help in the battle against resistance to antibiotics.

There are many ways that bacteria become resistant. One of the ways is as follows: The worker molecules in a cell are proteins. They might perform a step in a pathway to synthesizing important molecules for the bacteria. Many drugs work by trying to block that interaction in the pathogen. One way bacteria evade drugs is they evolve to make changes to the target proteins. [They can evolve mutations] that still allow the native function [of the bacteria] to happen and should block the association of the drug molecule.

How can we deal with these things? There are many approaches. If you have a new drug, you can perform experiments to see how [bacteria] might evolve in order to evade them. It’s time-consuming and expensive. [It's more common to] take your best guess, go through clinical trials, deploy the antibiotics and wait until the resistance mutations surface. You’ll find people resistant to these [drugs]. You have to find out why they’re resistant, isolate the proteins that have mutated in the bugs and the drug design starts again. It’s kind of like an arms race. We have a catalog of ways that proteins have become resistant in the past.

My lab specializes in protein design. We said, Why can’t we use the protein design algorithms to predict ahead of time — without any catalog? We do a positive design and a negative design. In the positive design, we redesign the protein in MRSA to still do its native function, but with different mutations. The negative design is to disable the inhibitor, so it doesn’t bind. You intersect those two lists. If you find mutations that are predicted to destabilize the inhibitor and make viable the native function of the protein, then those are good candidate mutants. If you made those proteins, [they] would exhibit the properties the pathogen wants — not binding the inhibitor and still doing its native function.

Our algorithm works by predicting the structures of the mutants [the bacteria is] thinking about. The structure of the mutant [in the lab] was very close to the structure predicted by our algorithm. We really didn’t know ahead of time how the proteins could change in order to evade a drug.

Drug design is exactly where we want to go. Resistance is everywhere. Because our algorithm is based on predicting interactions between a protein and an inhibitor and also stabilizing a native function, we think it could be applied for different kinds of bacterial resistance. Other possibilities would be viral resistance. Great examples would be HIV, influenza, herpes. It’s also possible, in principle, to model some of the types of resistance that cancer cells will evolve [to] anti-cancer therapeutics. We think we have a chance of predicting resistance ahead of time. Knowledge of that potential resistance could be used early in the drug design process.

Sheep's Milk Health Benefits

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Fri, 04 Feb 2011 02:55:00 +0000

Sheep milk is more acceptable to the human digestive system in comparison to cow’s and goat’s milk. Sheep milk does not have such a strong smell or taste as is often the case with goat’s milk. Sheep milk contain about double and in some cases much more than double the amount of solids found in either goat’s and cow’s milk. Sheep milk is superior and belongs to a class of its own.

People who develop intolerances find that sheep milk products are the only dairy products they can safely eat (patients who are unable to digest either cow’s or goats’ milk have had no trouble with sheep milk).
Large consumption of sheep milk is thought to lead to longevity. Bulgarian shepherds are noted for their exceptionally long lives, presumably from a diet of the produce of their sheep. Because of its high calcium content, sheep milk is also very good for the prevention of osteoporosis and for those people already suffering from it.
Sheep milk is the most nutritious milk on sale in the world today. The only other milks that can be compared with it would be that of the camel and the water buffalo.
Sheep milk is ideal for cheese production as it contains double the amount of solids compared to cow or goat milk. Where ten liters of cow milk is used to make 1 kg of gouda cheese, only five liters of sheep milk is used.

NUTRITIONAL VALUE:

The superiority of sheep milk lies in the milk composition when compared in relative terms to goat’s and cow’s milk. Especially in the differences of the critical nutritional substances like protein, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, thiamin, riboflavin, Vit. B6 and B12, Vit. D, the medium chain amino acids, linoleic acids and all 10 of the essential amino acids.

The daily requirement of calcium, riboflavin and 5 of the 10 essential amino acids are taken in if only 2 cups (490 g) of sheep milk is consumed per day without supplementing anything else. Alternatively, 2 cups of sheep milk yoghurt or 93 g sheep’s cheese will be sufficient in terms of the daily requirement of these nutritional substances.

CALCIUM AND MINERALS LIKE ZINC:

Both these minerals are higher in sheep milk as in goat’s and cow’s milk. Calcium combined with lactose and the high amount of Vit. D is critical in the prevention of Osteoporosis. Bone density is formed during adolescence and the huge amount of soft drinks consumed by children nowadays instead of milk predicts nothing good for them in old age because soft drinks destroy bone density. Sheep milk provide in 254 % of the daily requirement of calcium of 800 mg while cow’s milk provide only 170 %. Stilton cheese (cow) provides only 320 mg / 100g in comparison with Roquefort (sheep) 530 mg / 100 g.

Zinc is essential for a healthy skin.

The calcium : phosphorus ratio in sheep milk is nearly perfect because the one can’t be digested without the other.

VITAMINS:

Vitamins like the B-complex vitamins and especially vitamins like A, D and E are absolutely essential for good health and is normally recommended as supplements. All these vitamins occur naturally in large quantities in sheep milk. Sheep milk is especially high in folic acid and Vit. B12.

FATS:

Sheep milk contain double the amount of butterfat in comparison to goat’s and cow’s milk. The fat globules in sheep milk are smaller than those in either cow or goat milk. Therefore the milk is more homogeneous. The smaller fat globules are more easily digested and are less likely to cause high cholesterol.

Three fat soluble vitamins are found among the so-called fats. In other words they are incorporated in the fats and without them, one would become very ill or even die should they be absent. These are vitamins. A, D and E. As already mentioned, sheep milk contain remarkably more of these vitamins as both goat’s and cow’s milk.

Sheep milk also contain a higher quantity of medium/short chain saturated fatty acids and it is believed that this leads to higher lactose absorption which is of benefit for those who are lactose intolerant. Furthermore, sheep milk is not as high in saturated fatty acids in comparison to the other types of milk. 45 % of the fatty acids in sheep milk is Mono or Poly-unsaturated fats.

The medical and nutritional values of medium chain fatty acids or triglycerides (MCT) are well-known and its benefits has been proven in a wide variety of diseases like heart diseases, epilepsy in children, cystic fibrosis, gall stones etc. because of its unique metabolic ability to supply energy. MCT also limits or inhibits cholesterol deposits, it dissolves cholesterol gall stones and it plays a role in normal growth of babies. MCT is unique because it doesn’t follow the normal lipid route through the lymph system. It instead goes where it is oxidized into a fast available energy for the body.

The unique content of approximately 25 % MCT in the fat of sheep milk is not fully utilized yet. The daily recommended intake of 15 g MCT can be provided by approximately 60 g sheep butter.

PROTEIN:

The casein in sheep milk – the protein associated with cheese, is very acceptable for those with an intolerance for goat’s or cow’s milk. The whey proteins in sheep milk is a very digestible protein. Sheep milk contains 3 times more of this type of protein than goat’s or cow’s milk which also contributes to better digestibility. Because the protein content of sheep milk is so high, it is not recommended for babies up to 12 months. Sheep milk is a natural high protein energy drink which, because it is more well-known in Europe, is used by sportsmen.

LACTOSE:

Even in case of people with a high lactose intolerance, it will still be possible for them to use sheep milk products. When yoghurt is made from sheep milk, the lactose is converted to lactic acid and during the production of hard cheeses, the lactose is set free in the whey. There is also proof that the lactose in sheep milk is more acceptable to people than that of other types of milk.

H3 Biomedicine Launches To Discover And Develop Next Generation Cancer Treatments

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sun, 30 Jan 2011 08:07:00 +0000

H3 Biomedicine Inc. announced that it has launched research and development operations in Cambridge, Massachusetts. H3 Biomedicine will undertake a comprehensive approach to breakthrough oncology treatments based on two primary principles: 1) the genetics of patients' cancers can reveal drug targets tailored to their cancers and 2) the advances in modern chemistry enable the discovery of new classes of safe and effective drugs against these targets. Researchers worldwide are for the first time understanding the genetic basis of human cancers, and H3 Biomedicine will use that knowledge to generate new cancer treatments aimed at fulfilling the promise of personalized cancer medicine.

H3 Biomedicine will achieve its goals through a unique relationship with the pharmaceutical company Eisai Inc. Eisai has pledged up to $200 million in research funding to H3 Biomedicine, as well as additional support for the clinical development of H3 Biomedicine programs. In addition, H3 Biomedicine will benefit from access to many of Eisai's drug development capabilities, allowing H3 Biomedicine to focus on first-in-class drug discovery innovation.

H3 Biomedicine's scientific founders are renowned researchers Stuart L. Schreiber, PhD, and Todd R. Golub, MD, who will serve as academic advisors to the company. As founding members of the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Drs. Schreiber and Golub have transformed the way medical research is done.

Dr. Schreiber's conceptual, experimental and leadership contributions have had a significant impact on chemistry, biology and medicine. Already, three new anti-cancer drugs that target cancer proteins discovered by Schreiber have been approved. In addition to his role at the Broad Institute, Dr. Schreiber serves as Morris Loeb Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard University and an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Dr. Golub is a world leader in the genomic characterization of cancer. His work focuses on using the human genome to understand the biological and clinical challenges facing cancer medicine, and he has pioneered the use of genomic approaches to cancer biology and cancer drug discovery. In addition to his role at the Broad Institute, Dr. Golub is Charles A. Dana Investigator at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School, and an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Unlike many biotech start-ups, H3 Biomedicine will have a unique relationship with Eisai that provides access to resources and capabilities of an established pharmaceutical company, while also encouraging and rewarding innovative and entrepreneurial spirit. Furthermore, the Eisai affiliation will enable H3 Biomedicine to take a longer-term view of its drug discovery activities than is typical of many venture-backed start-up companies. This model is thus intended to capture the best of both the biotech and large pharmaceutical company worlds.

Eisai's relationship with H3 Biomedicine also strengthens Eisai's commitment to advancing human health care through the development of medicines to treat unmet medical needs. "Our alliance with H3 Biomedicine represents a new approach to cancer drug discovery that holds enormous promise to help patients worldwide suffering from cancer," said Haruo Naito, President and CEO of Eisai Co., Ltd.

Kentaro Yoshimatsu, PhD, who serves as Chief Scientific Officer of Eisai Product Creation Systems, will take on the additional role of President of H3 Biomedicine. In this capacity, Dr. Yoshimatsu will ensure that H3 Biomedicine's unique business model is positioned for success while a search is conducted to identify a world-class leader to serve as Chief Scientific Officer of H3 Biomedicine.

In addition to its unique business model, the establishment of H3 Biomedicine represents a new paradigm for cancer drug discovery in which the ability to understand cancer genomes, coupled with advances in small-molecule science will serve as the foundation for creating the next generation of oncology treatments. H3 Biomedicine will follow a disciplined approach to drug discovery, relating the genetics of specific cancers to their unique vulnerabilities, and developing drugs that target those vulnerabilities. Using biomarkers to guide clinical development, H3 Biomedicine intends to enable the practice of personalized medicine for oncology patients. This biomarker-driven model for drug development is also expected to shorten clinical development timelines and reduce clinical trial costs.

According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 7.9 million deaths in 2007. Death from cancer is projected to rise, with an estimated 12 million deaths expected in 2030.

Magnesium sulfate Precautions on Pregnancy

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Wed, 26 Jan 2011 14:29:00 +0000

Magnesium sulfate has been assigned to pregnancy category A by the FDA. Studies in pregnant women have not shown evidence of fetal risk if magnesium sulfate is administered during any trimesters of pregnancy. However, because studies cannot completely rule out the possibility of harm, magnesium sulfate injection is only recommended for use during pregnancy when benefit outweighs risk.

Newborns may show signs of magnesium toxicity (i.e. respiratory and/or neuromuscular depression) if the mother has received intravenous magnesium sulfate prior to delivery (especially if for a period of longer than 24 hours). Equipment for assisted ventilation as well as intravenous calcium should be immediately available for the first 24 to 48 hours after delivery. One study has reported that maternal magnesium sulfate treatment is associated with reduced brain blood flow perfusion in preterm infants. However, intravenous magnesium sulfate did not lead to lower neonate apgar scores in a study of women treated for pre-eclampsia even though the newborn's cord level indicated hypermagnesemia. The mean cord magnesium level (5.3 mEq/100 mL) was equivalent to the mean maternal serum level. Cord serum magnesium levels do not usually correlate with infant toxicity. The Collaborative Perinatal Project monitored 50,282 mother-child pairs, 141 of which had been exposed to magnesium sulfate during pregnancy. No reports or evidence were found linking congenital birth defects with magnesium sulfate. A study of 7000 offspring of mothers treated for pre-eclampsia noted no adverse effects due to magnesium sulfate therapy in the fetuses or newborns. One study compared the newborn of women with pregnancy-induced hypertension who received magnesium sulfate with women who did not receive treatment. Neurologic behavior in the infants was similar in both groups except that the exposed group had decreased active tone of the neck extensors the day after birth. Long-term infusions of magnesium (such as those used for tocolysis) may lead to persistent hypocalcemia and congenital rickets in the fetus. Case reports of 2 women receiving 9 or 14 weeks of intravenous magnesium therapy prior to delivery noted bony abnormalities. Slight hypocalcemia occurred in one infant. Both infants were treated with intravenous calcium for 3 to 5 days and then given bottle feedings without added calcium or vitamin D. The only noted physical abnormality at 3 year follow-up was dental enamel hypoplasia in one infant. Fetal hypermagnesemia may have decreased parathyroid hormone release and lead to fetal hypocalcemia. The combination of in-utero acquired magnesium sulfate and gentamicin (administered after birth) may lead to respiratory depression in the newborn. The mechanism of this interaction is not known. Animal studies have confirmed this drug interaction.

Marijuana's Anti-Cancer Properties

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sun, 23 Jan 2011 23:48:00 +0000

The active ingredient in marijuana appears to target cancerous brain cells for destruction while leaving healthy cells alone, according to a study conducted by researchers from the Complutense University in Madrid, and published in theJournal of Clinical Investigation.
Researchers first conducted an experiment in mice that had been engineered to carry three different grafts of human brain cancer. They injected the mice daily with the molecule tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) near the site of the tumors once each day. The chemical appeared to stimulate the cancerous cells to engage in a process known as autophagy, in which cells initiate their own breakdown.
"These results may help to design new cancer therapies based on the use of medicines containing the active principle of marijuana and/or in the activation of autophagy," researcher Guillermo Velasco said.
THC belongs to a class of chemicals known as cannabinoids, named after the cannabis (marijuana) plant in which they occur. It is the chemical responsible for the psychoactive effects of marijuana consumption.
In a followup experiment, the researchers extracted and analyzed brain tissue from two patients with an aggressive form of brain cancer known as "recurrent glioblastoma multiforme." The patients were treated with THC for either 26 or 30 days, then the researchers extracted and analyzed another sample.
After examining the brain tissue under an electron microscope, the researchers discovered that THC treatment resulted in death of cancerous cells but had no effect on healthy ones. The researchers were also able to discover the signaling pathway by which THC acts.
The research opens up the possibility that cannabinoid research could yield "a new family of potential antitumoral agents," the researchers wrote.
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive form of primary brain tumor. Without treatment, the average patient lives only three months after being diagnosed with the cancer. Treatment extends the average life expectancy after diagnosis by less than a year.

Hospital Admissions In Children With Gastroenteritis

noreply@blogger.com (fielskie) — Sun, 09 Jan 2011 10:09:00 +0000

Gastroenteritis is an infection, often caused by a virus, that causes vomiting and diarrhea. It is often popularly called “stomach flu” and is a very common ailment in children during the winter months.
In the emergency department at UNC Hospitals, five to 10 children a day are seen with symptoms of gastroenteritis, said Dr. Michael J. Steiner, assistant professor of pediatrics and a co-author of the study.
Persistent vomiting from acute gastroenteritis can be very frightening to children and their families and also poses a risk of dehydration. Current practice guidelines do not recommend that doctors give medications to children with gastroenteritis, but several recent studies suggest that ondansetron might be helpful.
In addition, Steiner said, many doctors are already prescribing ondansetron “off-label” for children with gastroenteritis. It has not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for that indication, although it is approved for treating nausea caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients.
To find out if there was valid scientific support for giving antiemetics to children with gastroenteritis, DeCamp, Steiner and two UNC colleagues -- Dr. Julie S. Byerly, assistant professor of pediatrics, and medical student Nipa Doshi -- conducted a systematic review of all the medical literature studying the use of antiemetics for gastroenteritis.
The 11 identified previously published studies evaluated the safety and effectiveness of seven different antiemetics that were given to children seen in hospital emergency departments. The authors found that antiemetics other than ondansetron should not be used in children with gastroenteritis.
A meta-analysis (a statistical way to combine different studies) found that ondansetron, which is sold under the brand name Zofran and is available as an intravenous infusion, tablet, disintegrating tablet or in liquid forms, reduced further vomiting after receipt in the emergency department. Importantly, it also reduced the likelihood that children would require intravenous fluids by nearly two-thirds, and halved the risk of immediate hospital admission. Ondansetron also had one down side: It was found to increase diarrhea in 3 of the 6 studies. However, the authors found this increased diarrhea did not appear to cause an increased need for further medical care.