Hindu Wedding Planner

Market Registration

2012-11-01T10:39:00.001-07:00

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2012-10-29T00:34:00.002-07:00

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खूबसूरती ही नहीं, स्त्री की इस बात से भी तय होती है पुरुष की सफलता

2012-09-14T02:20:00.002-07:00

शास्त्रों में शिव-शक्ति, प्रकृति-पुरुष या अर्द्धनारीश्वर के रूप में स्त्री-पुरुष को एक दूसरे की ताकत ही बताया गया है। यही भाव सांसारिक जीवन में, खासतौर पर गृहस्थ जीवन में स्त्री-पुरुष के लिए एक-दूसरे के लिए कायम रखना खुशहाली का बड़ा सूत्र है। दरअसल हिन्दू धर्मशास्त्रों में ब्रह्मचर्य, गृहस्थ, वानप्रस्थ और संन्यास आश्रम व्यवस्था के रूप में जीवन यात्रा के चार पड़ाव माने गए हैं।

इनमें संयम व अनुशासन अपनाकर चार पुरुषार्थों धर्म, अर्थ, काम व मोक्ष को पाने के लक्ष्य नियत हैं। स्त्री-पुरुष दोनों के लिए ही गृहस्थाश्रम का पड़ाव बेहद अहम है। गृहस्थी का मूल भी स्त्री को माना गया है, हर काम में स्त्री की मौजूदगी या भागीदारी अहम होती है। इसलिए औरत की काबिलियत और कमजोरी आदमी के जीवन की भी दिशा नियत करने वाली मानी गई है। शास्त्रों पर गौर करें तो लक्ष्मीनारायण, सीताराम या राधेकृष्ण जैसी नाम देवनाम स्तुतियों में देवी शक्ति का पहले नाम लिया जाना भी स्त्री शक्ति की अहमियत उजागर करता है। यही वजह है कि भविष्य पुराण में सुखी गृहस्थ जीवन के लिए पुरुष का सुंदरता से ज्यादा अहमियत रखने वाली खास खूबी वाली स्त्री के साथ शादी करना बड़े सुख देने वाला बताया गया है, जो केवल स्त्री ही नहीं, बल्कि पुरूष की भी ताकत बन उसे सिद्धि, खुशहाली और ख्य़ाति दिलाने वाले साबित होते हैं।

क्या है वह खास बात जो औरत के सौंदर्य को और बढ़ा देती है व पुरुष की सफलता की राह आसान बनाती है। लिखा गया है कि - लक्षणेभ्य: प्रशस्तं तु स्त्रीणां सद्वृत्तमुच्यते। सद्वृत्तयुक्ता या स्त्री सा प्रशस्ता न च लक्षणै:।। इस श्लोक में साफ संदेश है कि स्त्री के लक्षण, यानी सौंदर्य या रंग-रूप की तुलना में उसका सदाचार यानी अच्छा आचरण बेहतर है। अगर स्त्री का आचरण मर्यादित और गरिमामय नहीं है तो ऐसी स्त्री का रूपवती होना भी व्यर्थ या अपयश देने वाला होता है। इस तरह मर्यादित आचरण को स्त्री की ताकत व खूबी बताया गया है, जिसका साथ पाकर पुरुष भी खूब मान-सम्मान, यश व सफलता पाता है।

Best b2b Portal

2012-08-03T12:33:00.001-07:00

जल्दी शादी करना हो तो क्या-क्या करना चाहिए?

2012-07-19T23:02:00.002-07:00

हमारे जीवन का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण संस्कार है विवाह। सामान्यत: सभी लोगों का विवाह हो जाता है, कुछ लोगों का जल्दी विवाह होता है तो कुछ लोगों की शादी में विलंब होता है। कभी-कभी ऐसा होता है कि किसी अविवाहित लड़के या लड़की की सभी परिस्थितियां बहुत अच्छी हैं फिर भी विवाह नहीं हो पाता। तब ऐसा संभव है कि उनकी कुंडली में कोई ग्रह बाधा हो।

अविवाहित युवाओं की कुंडली गुरु ग्रह से संबंधित बाधा हो तो भी विवाह में विलंब होता है। गुरु ग्रह को शादी का कारक ग्रह माना जाता है। इसके अलावा जिन लोगों की कुंडली में मंगल योग होता है उनका विवाह या तो जल्दी हो जाता है या काफी विलंब से होता है। यदि किसी व्यक्ति की कुंडली में गुरु ग्रह अशुभ स्थिति में है तो उसे बृहस्पति ग्रह को मनाने के लिए ज्योतिषीय उपाय करने चाहिए।

बृहस्पति को देवताओं का गुरु माना जाता है इनकी पूजा से विवाह के मार्ग में आ रही सभी अड़चनें स्वत: ही समाप्त हो जाती हैं। इनकी पूजा के लिए गुरुवार का विशेष महत्व है।

गुरुवार को बृहस्पति देव को प्रसन्न करने के लिए पीले रंग की वस्तुएं चढ़ानी चाहिए। पीले रंग की वस्तुएं जैसे हल्दी, पीला फल, पीले रंग का वस्त्र, पीले फूल, केला, चने की दाल आदि इसी तरह की वस्तुएं गुरु ग्रह को चढ़ानी चाहिए।

साथ ही शीघ्र विवाह की इच्छा रखने वाले युवाओं को गुरुवार के दिन व्रत रखना चाहिए। इस व्रत में खाने में पीले रंग का खाना ही खाएं, जैसे चने की दाल, पीले फल, केले खाने चाहिए। इस दिन व्रत करने वाले को पीले रंग के वस्त्र ही पहनने चाहिए। हालांकि इस व्रत के कई कठोर नियम भी हैं।

ऊँ ग्रां ग्रीं ग्रों स: मंत्र का पांच माला प्रति गुरुवार जप करें।

गुरु ग्रह की पूजा के अतिरिक्त शिव-पार्वती का पूजन करने से भी विवाह की मनोकामना पूर्ण हो जाती है। इसके लिए प्रतिदिन शिवलिंग पर कच्चा दूध, बिल्व पत्र, अक्षत, कुमकुम आदि चढ़ाकर विधिवत पूजन करें।

HINDU MARRIAGE :: Angle from Arya Samaj !!

2012-07-13T04:15:00.000-07:00

Welcome to arya marriage Centre, anyone can get any kind of marriage register by us. You can do your work successfully in short span of time with the help of our marriage centre.

Many marriages have been already registered by aryamarriagebureau.com

You can get full information from our service page.

We wish you a successfully and happy marriage life.

ARYA SAMAJ MARRIAGE

Arya Samaj Marriage is applicable amongest Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs or Jains. A Hindu marriage can be solemnized between two Hindus (often when they are of different religion or nations) (Muslim or Christian) can convert their own religion into Hinduism and become Hindus in the Arya Samaj Mandir with their own free will and consult.

Court & Registered Marriage

Making all the arrangements for your beautiful wedding ceremony is enough. Your marriage won't be legal unless you get it registered.

This is a common procedure, which has to be followed by everyone. Find out how you can get a marriage certificate both before and after the ceremony.

It is a rule that all the marriages have to be registered whether you are having a wedding ceremony or not.

If a marriage is not registered it is not considered valid during legal procedures such as, applying for a joint home loan . You could also be fined for not registering your marriage.

A marriage certificate is an important proof, in case there are some problems between you and your spouse in the future and a legal action needs to be taken.

Advantages of Marriage Certificate

»Certificate of marriage is a document, which provides valuable evidence of marriage;

»Certificate of marriage is a document providing social security, self-confidence particularly among married women;

»Certificate of marriage is useful in getting the visa for the wife/husband.

»It will be helpful in claiming the Bank deposits or Life Insurance benefits when the depositee or the Insurer dies without a nomination or otherwise.

Documents for All Marriage

(Boys should be above 21 years and girls above 18 year)

Affidavit:

(Affidavit must be attested by Magistrate/S.D.M. or Notary Public with Register Entry No.)

Age Proof:

(Voter I.card, Driving Licence, Matriculation Certificate,) one of these.

Residence Proof:

(Voter I.card, Driving Licence, Matriculation Certificate, Passport) (one of these).

Photograph:

(7-7 Passport size photo ) Boys & Girl both.

Witness:

Two Witness With Voter I.card, Driving Licence, Passport,2 Passport size photo (one of these)

Divorced:

If any party is divorcee – Certified copy of Decree of Divorce granted by the Court.

Death Certificate:

If any party is widow / widower – Death Certificate of the dead spouse.

Other Country :

No Impediment Certificate / NOC from concerned Embassy and Valid VISA. Required for Only Other Country Marriage

Things:

Mangalshutra, 2-Jaimala, 2kg Sweets

THE ARYA MARRIAGE VALIDATION ACT, 1937

[ACT No. XIX of 1937]

[14th April 1937]

An Act to recognise and remove doubts as to the validity of inter-marriage current among Arya Samajists.

Whereas it is expedient to recognise and place beyond doubt the validity of inter-marriages of a class of Hindus know as Arya Samajists; it is hereby enacted as follows:

» Substituted by the Adaptation of lows Order, 1956 for the words part B State these part B states were Hyderabad J&K Mysore pepsu, Rajastha, Saurashtra and T.C. » Marriage between Arya Samajists not to be invalid. » Marriage between Arya Samajists 1 not to be invalid.

Not standing with any provision of Hindu Law, usage or custom to the contrary no marriage contracted whether before or after the commencement of this Act between two persons being at the time of the marriage Arya Samajists shall be invalid or shall be deemed ever to have been invalid by reason only of the fact that the parties at any belonged to different castes or different sub –castes of Hindu or both of the parties at any time he marriage belonged to a religion other than Hinduism.

Documents for All Marriage

(Boys should be above 21 years and girls above 18 year)

Affidavit:

(Affidavit must be attested by Magistrate/S.D.M. or Notary Public with Register Entry No.)

Age Proof:

(Voter I.card, Driving Licence, Matriculation Certificate,) one of these.

Residence Proof:

(Voter I.card, Driving Licence, Matriculation Certificate, Passport) (one of these).

Photograph:

(4 Passport size photo ) Boys & Girl both.

Witness:

Two Witness With Voter I.card, Driving Licence, Passport (one of these)

Things:

Sindoor,Mangalshutra, Jaimala, Flower.2kg Sweets

The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955

An Act to amend and codify the law relating to marriage among Hindus. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixth Year of the Republic of India as follows:-

Short title and extent.

This Act may be called the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.

It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir, and applies also to Hindus domiciled in the territories to which this Act extends who are outside the said territories.

Application of Act.

This Act applies-

(a)

to any person who is a Hindu by religion in any of its forms or developments, including a Virashaiva, a Lingayat or a follower of the Brahmo, Prarthana or Arya Samaj;

(b)

to any person who is a Buddhist, Jaina or Sikh by religion, and

(c)

to any other person domiciled in the territories to which this Act

extends who is not a Muslim, Christian, Parsi or Jew by religion, unless it is proved that any such person would not have been governed by the Hindu law or by any custom or usage as part of that law in respect of any of the matters dealt with herein if this Act had not been passed.

Explanation: - The following persons are Hindus, Buddhists, Jainas or Sikhs by religion, as the case may be:-

(a)

any child, legitimate or illegitimate, both of whose parents are Hindus, Buddhists, Jains or Sikhs by religion;

(b)

any child, legitimate or illegitimate, one of whose parents is Hindu, Buddhist, Jaina or Sikh by religion and who is brought up as a member of the tribe, community, group or family to which such parent belongs or belonged ; and

(c)

any person who is a convert or reconvert to the Hindu, Buddhist, Jaina or Sikh religion.

Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), nothing contained in this Act shall apply to the members of any Scheduled Tribe within the meaning of clause (25) of article 366 of the Constitution unless the Central Government, by notification in the Official Gazette, otherwise directs.

The expression "Hindu" in any portion of this Act shall be construed as if it included a person who, though not a Hindu by religion is, nevertheless, a person to whom this Act applies by virtue of the provisions contained in this section.

Definitions.

In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,-

(a)

the expressions "custom" and "usage" signify any rule which, having been continuously and uniformly observed for a long time, has obtained the force of law among Hindus in any local area, tribe, community, group or family:

Provided that the rule is certain and not unreasonable or opposed to public policy; and Provided further that in the case of a rule applicable only to a family it has not been discontinued by the family;

(b)

"district court" means, in any area for which there is a city civil court, that court, and in any other area the principal civil court of original jurisdiction, and includes any other civil court which may be specified by the State Government, by notification in the Official Gazette, as having jurisdiction in respect of the matters dealt with in this Act;

(C)

"full blood" and "half blood" - two persons are said to be related to each other by full blood when they are descended from a common ancestor by the same wife and by half blood when they are descended from a common ancestor but by different wives;

(D)

"uterine blood" - two persons are said to be related to each other by uterine blood when they are descended from a common ancestress but by different husbands.

Explanation -In clauses (c) and (d), "ancestor" includes the father and "ancestress" the mother;

(E) & (F)

"prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act

(i)

"sapinda relationship" with reference to any person extends as far as the third generation (inclusive) in the line of ascent through the mother, and the fifth (inclusive) in the line of ascent through the father, the line being traced upwards in each case from the person concerned, who is to be counted as the first generation;

(ii)

two persons are said to be "sapindas" of each other if one is a lineal ascendant of the other within the limits of sapinda relationship, or if they have a common lineal ascendant who is within the limits of sapinda relationship with reference to each of them;

(g)

"degrees of prohibited relationship" - two persons are said to be within the "degrees of prohibited relationship"-

(i)

if one is a lineal ascendant of the other; or

(ii)

if one was the wife or husband of a lineal ascendant or descendant of the other; or

(iii)

if one was the wife of the brother or of the father's or mother's brother or of the grandfather's or grandmother's brother of the other; or

(iv)

if the two are brother and sister, uncle and niece, aunt and nephew, or children of brother and sister or of two brothers or of two sisters; Explanation - For the purposes of clauses (f) and (g), relationship includes-

relationship by half or uterine blood as well as by full blood;

illegitimate blood relationship as well as legitimate;

relationship by adoption as well as by blood; and all terms of relationship in those clauses shall be construed accordingly.

Overriding effect of Act.

Save as otherwise expressly provided in this Act,-

(a)

any text rule or interpretation of Hindu law or any custom or usage as part of that law in force immediately before the commencement of this Act shall cease to have effect with respect to any matter for which provision is made in this Act;

(b)

any other law in force immediately before the commencement of this Act shall cease to have effect in so far as it is inconsistent with any of the provisions contained in this Act.

Conditions for a Hindu marriage.

A marriage may be solemnized between any two Hindus, if the following conditions are fulfilled, namely:-

(a)

neither party has a spouse living at the time of the marriage

(b)

at the time of the marriage, neither party-

(i)

is incapable of giving a valid consent to it in consequence of unsoundness of mind; or

(ii)

though capable of giving a valid consent, has been suffering from mental disorder of such a kind or to such an extent as to be unfit for marriage and the procreation of children; or

(iii)

has been subject to recurrent attacks of insanity or epilepsy;

(c)

the bridegroom has completed the age of [twenty-one years] and the bride the age of [eighteen years] at the time of the marriage;

(d)

the parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two;

(e)

the parties are not sapindas of each other, unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two.

Guardianship in marriage.

[Guardianship in marriage.] Rep. by Act 2 of 1978, s. 6 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-10-1978).

Ceremonies for a Hindu marriage.

A Hindu marriage may be solemnized in accordance with the customary rites and ceremonies of either party thereto.

Where such rites and ceremonies include the saptapadi (that is, the taking of seven steps by the bridegroom and the bride jointly before the sacred fire), the marriage becomes complete and binding when the seventh step is taken.

Registration of Hindu marriages.

1.For the purpose of facilitating the proof of Hindu marriages, the State Government may make rules providing that the parties to any of such marriage may have the particulars relating to their marriage entered in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed in a Hindu Marriage Register kept for the purpose.

2.Notwithstanding any thing contained in sub-section (1), the State Government may, if it is of opinion that it is necessary or expedient so to do, provide that the entering of the particulars referred to in sub-section (1) shall be compulsory in the State or in any part thereof, whether in all cases or in such cases as may be specified, and where any such direction has been issued, any person contravening any rule made in this behalf shall be punishable with fine which may extend to twenty-five rupees.

3.All rules made under this section shall be laid before the State Legislature, as soon as may be, after they are made.

4.The Hindu Marriage Register shall at all reasonable times be open for inspection, and shall be admissible as evidence of the statements therein contained and certified extracts there from shall, on application, be given by the Registrar on payment to him of the prescribed fee.

5.Notwithstanding anything contained in this section, the validity of any Hindu marriage shall in no way be affected by the omission to make the entry,

RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS AND JUDICIAL SEPARATION

Restitution of conjugal right.

When either the husband or the wife has, without reasonable excuse, withdrawn from the society of the other, the aggrieved party may apply, by petition to the district court, for restitution of conjugal rights land the court, on being satisfied of the truth of the statements made in such petition and that there is no legal ground why the application should not be granted, may decree restitution of conjugal rights accordingly.

Explanation- Where a question arises whether there has been reasonable excuse for withdrawal from the society, the burden of proving reasonable excuse shall be on the person who has withdrawn from the society.

Judicial separation

(1)Either patty to a marriage, whether solemnized before or after the commencement of this Act, may present a petition praying for a decree for judicial separation on any of the grounds specified in sub-section (1) of section 13, and in the case of a wife also on any of the grounds specified in sub-section (2) thereof, as grounds on which a petition for divorce might have been presented.

(2)Where a decree for judicial separation has been passed, it shall no longer be obligatory for the petitioner to cohabit with the respondent, but the court may, on the application by petition of either party and on being satisfied of the truth of the statements made in such petition, rescind the decree if it considers it just and reasonable to do so.

NULLITY OF MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE

Void marriages.

Any marriage solemnized after the commencement of this Act shall be null and void and may, on a petition presented by either party thereto against the other party, be so declared by a decree of nullity if it contravenes any one of the conditions specified in clauses (i), (iv) and (v) of section 5.

Voidable marriages.

(1)

Any marriage solemnized, whether before or after the commencement of this Act, shall be voidable and may be annulled by a decree of nullity on any of the following grounds, namely:-

(a)

that the marriage has not been consummated owing to the impotence of the respondent; or

(b)

that the marriage is in contravention of the condition specified in clause (ii) of section 5; or

(c)

that the consent of the petitioner, or where the consent of the guardian in marriage of the petitioner 6[was required under section 5 as it stood immediately before the commencement of the Child Marriage Restraint (Amendment) Act, 1978], (2 of 1978) the consent of such guardian was obtained by force or by fraud as to the nature of the ceremony or as to any material fact or circumstances concerning the respondent; or

(d)

that the respondent was at the time of the marriage pregnant by some person other than the petitioner.

(2)

Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), no petition for annulling a marriage-

(a)

on the ground specified in clause (c) of sub-section (1) shall be entertained if-

(i)

the petition is presented more than one year after the force had ceased to operate or, as the case may be, the fraud had been discovered; or

(ii)

the petitioner has, with his or her full consent, lived with the other party to the marriage as husband or wife-after the force had ceased to operate or, as the case may be, the fraud had been discovered;

(b)

on the ground specified in clause (d) of sub-section (1) shall be entertained unless the court is satisfied-

(i)

that the petitioner was at the time of the marriage ignorant of the facts alleged;

(ii)

that proceedings have been instituted in the case of a marriage solemnized before the commencement of this Act within one year of such commencement and in the case of marriages solemnized after such commencement within one year from the date of the marriage; and

(iii)

that marital intercourse with the consent of the petitioner has not taken place since the discovery by the petitioner of the existence of the said ground.

Divorce.

(1)

Any marriage solemnized, whether before or after the commencement of this Act, may, on a petition presented by either the husband or the wife, be dissolved by a decree of divorce on the ground that the other party-

(i)

has, after the solemnization of the marriage, had voluntary, sexual intercourse with any person other than his or her spouse; or

(ia)

has, after the solemnization of the marriage, treated the petitioner with cruelty; or

(ib)

has deserted the petitioner for a continuous period of not less than two years immediately preceding the presentation of the petition; or

(ii)

has ceased to be a Hindu by conversion to another religion; or

(iii)

has been incurably of unsound mind, or has been suffering continuously or intermittently from mental disorder of such a kind and to such an extent that the petitioner cannot reasonably be expected to live with the respondent. Explanation - In this clause,-

(a)

the expression "mental disorder" means mental illness, arrested or incomplete development of mind, psychopathic disorder or any other disorder or disability of mind and includes schizophrenia;

(b)

the expression "psychopathic disorder" means a persistent disorder or disability of mind (whether or not including sub-normality of intelligence) which results in abnormally aggressive or seriously irresponsible conduct on the part of the other party, and whether or not it require or is susceptible to medical treatment; or

(iv)

has been suffering from a virulent and incurable from of leprosy; or

(v)

has been suffering from venereal disease in a communicable from; or

(vi)

has renounced the world by entering any religious order; or

(vii)

has not been heard of as being alive for a period of seven years or more by those persons who would naturally have heard of it, had that party been alive. Explanation- In this sub-section, the expression "desertion" means the desertion of the petitioner by the other party to the marriage without reasonable cause and without the consent or against the wish of such party, and includes the willful neglect of the petitioner by the other party to the marriage, and its grammatical variations and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly.

(1A)

Either party to a marriage, whether solemnized before or after the commencement of this Act, may also present a petition for the dissolution of the marriage by a decree of divorce on the ground-

(i)

that there has been no resumption of cohabitation as between the parties to the marriage for a period of [one year] or upwards after the passing of a decree for judicial separation in a proceeding to which they were parties; or

(ii)

that there has been no restitution of conjugal rights as between the parties to the marriage for a period of [one year] or upwards after the passing of a decree for restitution of conjugal rights in a proceeding to which they were parties.

(2)

A wife may also present a petition for the dissolution of her marriage by a decree of divorce on the ground,-

(i)

in the case of any marriage solemnized before the commencement of this Act, that the husband had married again before such commencement or that any other wife of the husband married before such commencement was alive at the time of the solemnization of the marriage of the petitioner: Provided that in either case the other wife is alive at the time of the presentation of the petition; or

(ii)

that the husband has, since the solemnization of the marriage, been guilty of rape, sodomy or 6[bestiality; or]

(iii)

that in suit under section 18 of the Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956, (78 of 1956.) or in a proceeding under section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974.) (or under the corresponding section 488 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898), (5 of 1898.) a decree or order, as the case may be, has been passed against the husband awarding maintenance to the wife notwithstanding that she was living apart and that since the passing of such decree or order, cohabitation between the parties has not been resumed for one year or upwards;

(iv)

that her marriage (whether consummated or not) was Solemnized before she attained the age of fifteen years and she has repudiated the marriage after attaining that age but before attaining the age of eighteen years. Explanation -This clause applies whether the marriage was solemnized before or after the commencement of the Marriage Laws (Amendment) Act, 1976. (68 of 1976)

Alternate relief in divorce proceedings. In any proceeding under this Act, on a petition for dissolution of marriage by a decree of divorce, except in so far as the petition is founded on the grounds mentioned in clauses (ii), (vi) and (vii) of sub-section (1) of section 13, the court may, if it considers it just so to do having regard to the circumstances of the case, pass instead a decree for judicial separation.

Divorce by mutual consent.

(1)

Subject to the provisions of this Act a petition for dissolution of marriage by a decree of divorce may be presented to the district court by both the parties to a marriage together, whether such marriage was solemnized before or after the commencement of the Marriage Laws (Amendment) Act, 1976, (68 of 1976.) on the ground that they have been living separately for a period of one year or more, that they have not been able to live together and that thy have mutually agreed that the marriage should be dissolved.

(2)

On the motion of both the parties made not earlier than six months after the date of the presentation of the petition referred to in sub-section (1) and not later than eighteen months after the said date, if the petition is not withdrawn in the meantime, the court shall, on being satisfied, after hearing the parties and after making such inquiry as it thinks fit, that a marriage has been solemnized and that the averments in the petition are true, pass a decree of divorce declaring the marriage to be dissolved with effect from the date of the decree.

No petition for divorce to be presented within one year of marriage.

Provided that the court may, upon application made to it in accordance with such rules as may be made by the High Court in that behalf, allow a petition to be presented before one year has elapsed since the date of the marriage on the ground that the case is one of exceptional hardship to the petitioner or of exceptional depravity on the part of the respondent, but if it appears to the court at the hearing of the petition that the petitioner obtained leave to present the petition by any misrepresentation or concealment of the nature of the case, the court may, if it pronounces a decree, do so subject to the condition that the decree shall not have effect until after the expiry of one year from the date of the marriage or may dismiss the petition without prejudice to any petition which may be brought after the expiration of the said one year upon the same or substantially the same facts as those alleged in support of the petition so dismissed.

(2)

In disposing of any application under this section for leave to present a petition for divorce before the expiration of one year from the date of the marriage, the court shall have regard to the interests of any children of the marriage and to the question whether there is a reasonable probability of a reconciliation between the parties before the expiration of the said one year.

Divorced persons when may marry again.

When a marriage has been dissolved by a decree of divorce an either there is no right of appeal against the decree or, if there is such right of appeal, the time for appealing has expired without an appeal having been presented, or an appeal has been presented but has been dismissed it shall be lawful for either party to the marriage to marry again.

Legitimacy of children of void and voidable marriages.

(1)

Notwithstanding that a marriage is null and void under section 11, any child of such marriage who would have been legitimate if the marriage had been valid, shall be legitimate, whether such child is born before or after the commencement of the Marriage Laws (Amendment) Act, 1976, (68 of 1976) and whether or not a decree of nullity is granted in respect of that marriage under this Act and whether or not the marriage is held to be void otherwise than on a petition under this Act.

(2)

Where a decree of nullity is granted in respect of a voidable marriage under section 12, any child begotten or conceived before the decree is made, who would have been the legitimate child of the parties to the marriage if at the date of the decree it had been dissolved instead of being annulled, shall be deemed to be their legitimate child notwithstanding the decree of nullity.

(3)

Nothing contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall be construed as conferring upon any child of a marriage which is null and void or which is annulled by a decree of nullity under section 12, any rights in or to the property of any person, other than the parents, in any case where, but for the passing of this Act, such child would have been incapable of possessing or acquiring any such rights by reason of his not being the legitimate child of his parents.

Punishment of bigamy.

Any marriage between two Hindus solemnized after the commencement of this Act is void if at the date of such marriage either party had a husband or wife living; and the provisions of sections 494 and 495 of the Indian Penal (45 of 1860) Code shall apply accordingly.

Punishment for contravention of certain other conditions for a Hindu marriage.

Every person who procures a marriage of himself or herself to be solemnized under this Act in contravention of the conditions specified in clauses (iii), (iv) and (v) of section 5 shall be punishable-

(a)

in the case of a contravention of the condition specified in clause (iii) of section 5, with simple imprisonment which may extend to fifteen days, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both;

(b)

in the case of a contravention of the condition specified in clause (iv) or clause (v) of section 5, with simple imprisonment which may extend to one month, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both;

JURISDICTION AND PROCEDURE

Court to which petition shall be presented.

Every petition under this Act shall be presented to the district court within the local limits of whose ordinary original civil jurisdiction-

(i)

the marriage was solemnized, or

(ii)

the respondent, at the time of the presentation of the petition, resides, or

(iii)

the parties to the marriage last resided together, or

(iv)

the petitioner is residing at the time of the presentation of the petition, in a case where the respondent is, at that time, residing outside the territories to which this Act extends, or has not been heard of as being alive for a period of seven years or more by those persons who would naturally have heard of him if he were alive.

Contents and verification of petitions.

(1)

Every petition presented under this Act shall state as distinctly as the nature of the case permits the facts on which the claim to relief is founded and, except in a petition under section 11, shall also state that there is no collusion between the petitioner and the other party to the marriage.

(2)

The statements contained in every petition under this Act shall be verified by the petitioner or some other competent person in the manner required by law for the verification of plaints, and may, at the hearing, be referred to as evidence.

Application of Act 5 of 1908.

Subject to the other provisions contained in this Act and to such rules as the High Court may make in this behalf, all proceedings under this Act shall be regulated, as far as may be, by the Code of Civil Procedure 1908.

(1)

Power to transfer petitions in certain cases- Where-

(a)

a petition under this Act has been presented to a district court having jurisdiction by a party to a marriage praying for a decree for judicial separation under section 10 or for a decree of divorce under section 13, and

(b)

another petition under this Act has been presented thereafter by the other party to the marriage praying for a decree for judicial separation under section 10 or for a decree of divorce under section 13 on any ground, whether in the same district court or in a different district court, in the same State or in a different State, the petitions shall be dealt with as specified in sub-section (2).

(2)

In a case where sub-section (1) applies,-

(a)

if the petitions are presented to the same district court, both the petitions shall be tried and heard together by that district court;

(b)

if the petitions are presented to different district courts, the petition presented later shall be transferred to the district court in which, the earlier petition was presented and both the petitions shall be heard and disposed of together by the district court in which the earlier petition was presented.

(3)

In a case where clause (b) of sub-section (2) applies, the court or the Government, as the case may be, competent under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 to transfer any suit or proceeding from the district court in which the later petition has been presented to the district court in which the earlier petition is pending, shall exercise its powers to transfer such later petition as if it had been empowered so to do under the said Code,

Special provision relating to trial and disposal of petitions under the Act.

(1)

The trial of a petition under this Act shall, so far as is practicable consistently with the interests of justice in respect of the trial, be continued from clay to day until its conclusion unless the court finds the adjournment of the trial beyond the following day to be, necessary for reasons to be recorded.

(2)

Every petition under this Act shall be tried as expeditiously as possible and endeavour shall be made to conclude the trial within six months from the date of service of notice of the petition on the respondent.

(3)

Every appeal under this Act shall be heard as expeditiously as possible, and endeavour shall be made to conclude the hearing within three months from the date of service of notice of appeal on the respondent.

Documentary evidence: Notwithstanding anything in any enactment to the contrary, no document shall be inadmissible in evidence in any proceeding at the trial of a petition under this Act on the ground that it is not duly stamped or registered.

Proceedings to be in camera and may not be printed or published

(1)

Every proceeding under this Act shall be conducted in camera and it shall not be lawful for any person to print or publish any matter in relation to any such proceeding except a judgment of the High Court or of the Supreme Court printed or published with the previous permission of the Court.

(2)

If any person prints or publishes any matter in contravention of the provisions contained in sub-section (1), he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees.

Decree in proceedings.

(1)

In any proceeding under this Act, whether defended or not, if the court is satisfied that-

(a)

any of the grounds for granting relief exists and the petitioner except in cases where the relief is sought by him on the ground specified in sub-clause (a), sub-clause (b) or sub clause (c) of clause (ii) or section 5 is not in any way taking advantage of his or her own wrong or disability for the purpose of such relief, and

(b)

where the ground of the petition is the ground specified or in clause (i) of sub-section (1) of section 13, the petitioner has not in any manner been accessory to or connived at or condoned the act or acts complained of, or where the ground of the petition is cruelty the petitioner has not in any manner condoned the cruelty, and

(bb)

when a divorce is sought on the ground of mutual consent, such consent has not been obtained by force, fraud or undue influence, and

(c)

the petition (not being a petition presented under section 11) is not presented or prosecuted in collusion with the respondent, and

(d)

there has not been any unnecessary or improper delay in instituting the proceeding, and

(e)

there is no other legal ground why relief should not be granted, then, and in such a case, but not otherwise, the court shall decree such relief accordingly.

(2)

Before proceeding to grant any relief under this Act, it shall be the duty of the court in the first instance, in every case where it is possible so to do consistently with the nature and circumstances of the case, to make every endeavour to bring about reconciliation between the parties: Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall apply to any proceeding wherein relief is sought on any of the grounds specified in clause (ii), clause (iii), clause (iv), clause (v), clause (vi) or clause (vii) of sub-section (1) of section 13.

(3)

For the purpose of aiding the court in bringing about such reconciliation, the court may, if the parties so desire or if the court thinks it just and proper so to do, adjourn the proceedings for a reasonable period not exceeding fifteen days and refer the matter to any person named by the parties in this behalf or to any person nominated by the court if the parties fail to name any person, with directions to report to the court as to whether reconciliation can be and has been, effected and the court shall in disposing of the proceeding have due regard to the report.

(4)

In every case where a marriage is dissolved by a decree of divorce, the court passing the decree shall give a copy thereof free of cost to each of the parties.

Relief for respondent in divorce and other proceedings. In any proceeding for divorce or judicial separation or restitution of conjugal rights, the respondent may not only oppose the relief sought on the ground of petitioner's adultery, cruelty or desertion, but also make a counter-claim for any relief under this Act on that ground; and if the petitioner's adultery, cruelty or desertion is proved, the court may give to the respondent any relief under this Act to which he or she would have been entitled if he or she had presented a petition seeking, such relief on that ground.

Maintenance Pendente lite and expenses proceedings.

Where in any proceeding under this Act it appears to the court that either the wife or the husband, as the case may be, has no independent income sufficient for her or his support and the necessary expenses of the proceeding, it may, on the application of the wife or the husband, order the respondent to pay to the petitioner the expenses of the proceeding, and monthly during the proceeding such sum as, having regard to the petitioner's own income and the income of the respondent, it may seem to the court to be reasonable.

Permanent alimony and maintenance.

(1)

Any court exercising jurisdiction under this Act may, at the time of passing any decree or at any time subsequent thereto, on application made to it for the purpose by either the wife or the husband, as the case may be, order that the respondent shall pay to the applicant for her or his maintenance and support such gross sum or such monthly or periodical sum for a term not exceeding the life of the applicant as, having regard to the respondent's own income and other property, if any, the income and other property of the applicant, the conduct of the parties and other circumstances of the case, it may seem to the court to be just, and any such payment may be secured, if necessary, by a charge on the immovable property of the respondent.

(2)

If the court is satisfied that there is a change in the circumstances of either party at any time after it has made an order under sub-section (1), it may at the instance of either party, vary, modify or rescind any such order in such manner as the court may deem just.

(3)

If the court is satisfied that the party in whose favour an order has been made under this section has re-married or, if such party is the wife, that she has not remained chaste, or, if such party is the husband, that he has had sexual intercourse with any woman outside wedlock, it may at the instance of the other party vary, modify or rescind any such order in such manner as the court may deem just.

Custody of children.

In any proceeding under this Act, the court may, from time to time, pass such interim orders and make such provisions in the decree as it may deem just and proper with respect to the custody, maintenance and education of minor children, consistently with their wishes, wherever possible, and may, after the decree, upon application by petition for the purpose, make from time to time, all such, orders and provisions with respect to the custody, maintenance and education of such children as, might have been made by such decree or interim orders in case the proceeding for obtaining such decree were still pending, and the court may also from time to time revoke, suspend or vary any such orders and provisions previously made.

Disposal of property.

In any proceeding under this Act, the court may make such provisions in the decree as it deems just and proper with respect to any property presented, at or about the time of marriage, which may belong jointly to both the husband and the wife.

Appeals from decrees and orders.

(1)

All decrees made by the court in any proceeding under this Act shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), be appealable as decrees of the court made in the exercise of its original civil jurisdiction, and every such appeal shall lie to the court to which appeals ordinarily lie from the decisions of the court given in the exercise of its original civil jurisdiction.

(2)

Orders made by the court in any proceeding under this Act under section 25 or section 26 shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), be appealable if they are not interim orders, and every such appeal shall lie to the court to which appeals ordinarily lie from the decisions of the court given in exercise of its original civil jurisdiction.

(3)

There shall be no appeal under this section on the subject of costs only.

(4)

Every-appeal under this section shall be preferred within a period of thirty days from the date of the decree or order.

Enforcement of decrees and orders. All decrees and orders made by the court in any proceeding under this Act shall be enforced in the like manner as the decrees and orders of the court made in the exercise of its original civil jurisdiction for the time being are enforced.

SAVINGS AND REPEALS

Savings

(1)

A marriage solemnized between Hindus before the commencement of this Act, which is otherwise valid, shall not be deemed to be invalid or ever to have been invalid by reason only of the fact that the parties thereto belonged to the same gotra or pravara or belonged to different religions, castes or sub-divisions of the same caste.

(2)

Nothing contained in this Act shall be deemed to affect any right recognized by custom or conferred by any special enactment to obtain the dissolution of a Hindu marriage, whether solemnized before or after the commencement of this Act.

(3)

Nothing contained in this Act shall affect any proceeding under any law for the time being in force for declaring any marriage to be null and void or for annulling or dissolving any marriage or for judicial separation pending at the commencement of this Act, and any such proceeding may be continued and determined as if this Act had not been passed.

(4)

Nothing contained in this Act shall be deemed to affect the provisions contained in the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (43 of 1954) with respect to marriages between Hindus solemnized under that Act, whether before or after the commencement of this Act.

Repealed by the Repealing and Amending Act, 1960 (58 of 1960), s. 2 and the First Schedule.

The Special Marriage Act-1954

(Act No.43 of 1954)[9th October 1954]

An Act to provide a special form of marriage in certain cases, for the registration of such and certain other marriages and for divorce. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Fifth Year of the Republic of India as follows:

1. Short title, extent and commencement- (1) This Act may be called the Special Marriage Act, 1954.

(2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir, and applies also to citizens of India domiciled in the territories to which the Act extends who are in the State of Jammu and Kashmir.

(3) It shall come into force on such date, i.e.1st January, 1955 as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint.

2. Definitions- In this Act, unless the context otherwise, requires,-

(a) (* * * *) Omitted

(b) "degrees of prohibited relationship" - a man and any of the persons mentioned in Part I of the First Schedule and a woman and any of the persons mentioned in Part II of the said Schedules are within the degrees of prohibited relationship.

Explanation I.- Relationship includes,-

a) relationship by half or uterine blood as well as by full blood:

b) illegitimate blood relationship as well as legitimate;

c) relationship by adoption as well as by blood;

and all terms of relationship in this Act shall be construed accordingly.

Explanation II.- "Full blood" and "half blood"- two persons are said to be related to each other by full blood when they are descended from a common ancestor by the same wife and by half blood when they are descended from a common ancestor but by different wives.

Explanation III.- "Uterine blood"- two persons are said to be related to each other by uterine blood when they are descended from a common ancestress but by different husbands.

Explanation IV.-In Explns. II and III. "ancestor" includes the father and "ancestress" the mother;

(d) "district", in relation to a Marriage Officer, means the area for which he is appointed as such under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) of Sec.3;

(e) "District Court" means, in any area for which there is a City Civil Court, and in any other area, the principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction, and includes any other Civil Court which may be specified by the State Government by notification in the Official Gazette as having jurisdiction in respect of the matters dealt with in this Act:

(f) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;

(g) "State Government", in relation to a Union territory, means the Administrator thereof.

Solemnization of Special Marriages

4. Conditions relating to solemnization of special marriage.-

Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force relating to the solemnization of marriages, a marriage between any two persons may be solemnized under this Act, if at the time of the marriage the following conditions are fulfilled namely:

(a) Neither party has a spouse living:

(b) neither party-

(i) is incapable of giving a valid consent to it in consequence of unsoundness of mind, or

(ii) though capable of giving a valid consent, has been suffering from mental disorder of such a kind or to such an extent as to be unfit for marriage and the procreation of children; or

(iii) has been subject to recurrent attacks of insanity or epilepsy;

(d) the parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship:

Provided that where a custom governing at least one of the parties permits of a marriage between them, such marriage may be solemnized, notwithstanding that they are within the degrees of prohibited relationship: and

(e) where the marriage is solemnized in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, both parties are citizens of India domiciled in the territories to which this Act extends.

Explanation- In this section, "customs, in relation to a person belonging to any tribe, community, group or family, means any rule which the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf as applicable to members of that tribe, community, group or family:

Provided that no such notification shall be issued in relation to the members of any tribes, community, group or family, unless the State Government is satisfied-

(i) that such rule has been continuously and uniformly observed for a long time among those members;

(ii) that such rule is certain and not unreasonable or opposed to public policy; and

(iii) that such rule is applicable only to a family, has not been discontinued by the family.

5. Notices of intended marriage.- When a marriage is intended to be solemnized under this Act, the parties of the marriage shall give notice thereof in writing in the Form specified in the Second Schedule to the Marriage Officer of the district in which at least one of the parties to the marriage has resided for a period of not less than thirty days immediately preceding the date on which such notice is given.

6. Marriage Notice Book and publication.-(1) The Marriage Officer shall keep all notices given under Sec. 5 with the records of his office and shall also forthwith enter a true copy of every such notice in a book prescribed for that purpose, to be called the Marriage Notice Book, and such book shall be open for inspection at all reasonable times, without fee, by any person desirous of inspecting the same.

(2) The Marriage Officer shall cause every such notice to be published by affixing a copy thereof to some conspicuous place in his office.

(3) Where either of the parties to an intended marriage is not permanently residing within the local limits of the district of the Marriage Officer to whom the notice has been given under Sec. 5, the Marriage Officer shall also cause a copy of such notice to be transmitted to the Marriage Officer of the district within whose limits such party is permanently residing, and that Marriage Officer shall thereupon cause a copy thereof to be affixed to some conspicuous place in his office.

7. Objection to marriage.- (1) Any person may, before the expiration of thirty days from the date on which any such notice has been published under sub-section (2) of Sec. 6, object to the marriage on the ground that it would contravene one or more of the conditions specified in Sec.4.

(2)After the expiration of thirty days from the date on which notice of an intended marriage has been published under sub-section (2) of Sec. 6, the marriage may be solemnized, unless it has been previously objected to under sub-section (1).

(3) The nature of the objection shall be recorded in writing by the Marriage Officer in the Marriage Notice Book, be read over and explained if necessary, to the person making the objection and shall be signed by him or on his behalf.

8. Procedure on receipt of objection.- If an objection is made under Sec. 7 to an intended marriage the Marriage Officer shall not solemnize the marriage until he has inquired into the matter of the objection and is satisfied that it ought not to prevent the solemnization of the marriage or the objection is withdraw by the person making it; but the Marriage Officer shall not take more than thirty days from the date of the objection for the purpose of inquiring into the matter of the objection and arriving at a decision.

(2) If the Marriage Officer upholds the objection and refuses to solemnize the marriage, either party to the intended marriage may, within a period of thirty days from the date of such refusal, prefer an appeal to the District Court within the local limits of whose jurisdiction the Marriage Officer has his office, and the decision of the District Court on such appeal shall be final, and the Marriage Officer shall act in conformity with the decision of the Court.

9. Powers of Marriage Officers in respect of inquiries.- (1)For the purpose of any inquiry under Sec.8, the Marriage Officer shall have all the powers vested in a Civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908(5 of 1908), when trying a suit in respect of the following matters, namely:

(a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of witnesses and examining them on oath;

(b) discovery and inspection;

(d) reception of evidence on affidavits; and

(e) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses;and any proceeding before the Marriage Officer shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning of Sec.193 of the Indian Penal Code(45 of 1960).

2) If it appears to the Marriage Officer that the objection made to an intended marriage is not reasonable and has not been made in good faith he may impose on the person objecting costs, by way of compensation not exceeding one thousand rupees, and award the whole, or any part thereof to the parties to the intended marriage, and any order of costs so made may be executed in the same manner as a decree passed by the District Court within the local limits of whose jurisdiction the Marriage Officer has his office.

10. Procedure on receipt of objection by Marriage Officer abroad.-

Where an objection is made under Sec.7 to a Marriage Officer in the State of Jammu and Kashmir in respect of an intended marriage in the State and the Marriage Officer, after making such inquiry into the matter as he thinks fit, entertains a doubt in respect thereof, he shall not solemnize the marriage but shall transmit the record with such statement respecting the matter as he thinks fit to the Central Government, and the Central Government, after making such inquiry into the matter and after obtaining such advice as it thinks fit, shall give its decision thereon in writing to the Marriage Officer shall act in conformity with the decision of the Central Government.

11. Declaration by parties and witnesses.- Before the marriage is solemnized the parties and three witnesses shall, in the presence of the Marriage Officer, sign a declaration in the Form specified in the Third Schedule to this Act, and the declaration shall be countersigned by the Marriage Officer.

12. Place and form of solemnization.- (1) The marriage may be solemnized at the office of the Marriage Officer or at such other place within a reasonable distance therefrom as the parties may desire, and upon such conditions and the payments of such additional fees as may be prescribed.

2) The marriage may be solemnized in any form which the parties may choose to adopt:

Provided that it shall not be complete and binding on the parties unless each party says to the other in the presence of the Marriage Officer and the three witnessess and in any language understood by the parties,- "I (A) take thee (B), to be my lawful wife (or husband)".

13. Certificate of marriage.-(1) When the marriage has been solemnized the Marriage Officer shall enter a certificate thereof in the Form specified in the Fourth Schedule in a book to be kept by him for that purpose and to be called the Marriage Certificate Book and such certificate shall be signed by the parties to the marriage and the three witnesses.

(2) On a certificate being entered in the Marriage Certificate Book by the Marriage Officer, the certificate shall be deemed to be conclusive evidence of the fact that a marriage under this Act has been solemnized and that all formalities respecting the signatures of witnesses have been complied with.

14. New notice when marriage not solemnized within three months.-Whenever a marriage is not solemnized within three calender months from the date on which notice thereof has been given to the Marriage Officer as required by Sec. 5 or where an appeal has been filed under sub-section (2) of Sec.8, within three months from the date of the decision of the District Court on such appeal or where the record of a case has been transmitted to the Central Government under Sec.10, within three months from the date of decision of the Central Government, the notice and all other proceedings arising therefrom shall be deemed to have lapsed, and no marriage Officer shall solemnize the marriage until a new notice has been given in the manner laid down in this Act.

CHAPTER III

Registration of Marriage Celebrated in other forms

15. Registration of marriages celebrated in other forms.-

Any marriage celebrated, whether before or after the commencement of this Act, other than a marriage solemnized under the Special Marriage Act, 1872 or under this Act, may be registered under this Chapter by a Marriage Officer in the territories to which this Act extends if the following conditions are fulfilled, namely:

(a) a ceremony of marriage has been performed between the parties and they have been living together as husband and wife ever since

(b) neither party has at the time of registration more than one spouse living;

(d) the parties have completed the age of twenty-one year at the time of registration;

(e) the parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship:

Provided that in case of a marriage celebrated before the commencement of this Act, this condition shall be subject to any law, custom or usage having the force of law governing each of them which permits of a marriage between the two; and

(f) the parties have been residing within the district of the Marriage Officer for a period of not less than thirty days immediately preceding the date on which the application is made to him for registration of the marriage.

16. Procedure for registration.- Upon receipt of an application signed by both the parties to the marriage for the registration of their under this chapter, the Marriage Officer shall give public notice thereof in such manner as may be prescribed and after allowing a period of thirty days for objection and after hearing any objection received within that period, shall, if satisfied that all the conditions mentioned in Sec. 15 are fulfilled, enter a certificate of the marriage in the Marriage Certificate Book in the Form specified in the Fifth Schedule and such certificate shall be signed by the parties to the marriage and by three witnesses.

17. Appeals from orders under Sec. 16.- Any person aggrieved by any order of a Marriage Officer refusing to register a marriage under this Chapter may, within thirty days from the date of order, appeal against that order to the District Court within the local limits of whose jurisdiction the Marriage Officer has his office, and the decision of the District Court on such appeal shall be final, and the Marriage Officer to whom the application was made shall act in conformity with such decision.

18. Effect of registration of marriage under this Chapter.-

Subject to the provisions contained in sub-section (2) of Sec.24 where a certificate of marriage has been finally entered in the Marriage Certificate Book under this Chapter, the marriage shall, as from the date of such entry, be deemed to be a marriage solemnized under this Act, and all children born after the date of the ceremony of marriage (whose names shall also be entered in the Marriage Certificate Book) shall in all respects be deemed to be and always to have been the legitimate children of their parents:

Provided that nothing contained in this section shall be construed as conferring upon any such children any rights in or to the property of any person other than their parents in any case where, but for the passing of this Act, such children would have been incapable of possessing or acquiring any such rights by reason of their not being the legitimate children of their parents.

CHAPTER IV

Consequences of Marriage under this Act

19. Effect of marriage on member of undivided family- The marriage solemnized under this Act of any member of an undivided family who professes the Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh or Jaina religion shall be deemed to effect his severance from such family.

20. Rights and disabilities not affected by Act.- Subject to the provisions of Sec. 19, any person whose marriage is solemnized under this Act, shall have the same rights and shall be subject to the same disabilities in regard to the right of succession to any property as a person to whom the Caste Disabilities Removal Act, 1850 (21 of 1850), applies.

21. Succession to property of parties married under Act.-

Notwithstanding any restrictions contained in the Indian Succession Act,1925 (39 of 1925), with respect to its application to members of certain communities, succession to the property of any person

whose marriage is solemnized under this Act and to the property of the issue of such marriage shall be regulated by the provisions of the said Act and for the purposes of this section that Act shall have effect as if Chapter III of Part V (Special Rules for Parsi Intestates) had been omitted therefrom.

21-A. Special provision in certain cases .- Where the marriage is solemnized under this Act of any person who professes the Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh or Jain religion with a person who professes the Hindu, Buddhish, Sikh or Jain religion. Secs. 19 and 21 shall not apply and so much of Sec. 20 as creates a disability shall also not apply.

CHAPTER V

Restitution of Conjugal Rights and Judicial Separation

22. Restitution of conjugal rights.- When either the husband or the wife has, without reasonable excuse, withdrawn from the society of the other the aggrieved party may apply by petition to the District Court for restitution of conjugal rights, and the Court, on being satisfied of the truth of the statements made in such petition, and that there is no legal ground why the application should not be granted, may decree restitution of conjugal rights accordingly.

23. Judicial separation.-(1) A Petition for judicial separation may be presented to the District Court either by the husband or the wife.-

(a) on any of the grounds specified in sub-section (1) and sub-section (1-A) of Sec. 27 on which a petition for divorce might have been presented;or

(b) on the grounds of failure to comply with a decree for restitution of conjugal rights and the Court, on being satisfied of the truth of the statements made in such petition, and that there is no legal ground why the application should not be granted, may decree judicial separation accordingly.

(2) Where the Court grants a decree for judicial separation, it shall be no longer obligatory for the petitioner to cohabit with the respondent, but the Court may, on the application by petition of either party and on being satisfied of the truth of the statements made in such petition rescind the decree if it considers it just and reasonable to do so.

CHAPTER VI

Nullity of Marriage and Divorce

24. Void marriages.- (1) Any marriage solemnized under this Act shall be null and void (and may, on a petition presented by either party thereto against the other party, be so declared) by a decree of nullity if-

(i) any of the conditions specified in Cls.(a),(b), (c) and (d) of Sec. 4 has not been fulfilled : or

(ii) the respondent was impotent at the time of the marriage and at the time of the institution of the suit.

(2) Nothing contained in this section shall apply to any marriage deemed to be solemnized under the Act within the meaning of Sec. 18, but the registration of any such marriage under Chapter III may be declared to be of no effect if the registration was in contravention of any of the conditions specified in Cls.(a) to (e) of Sec. 15:

Provided that no such declaration shall be made in any case where an appeal has been preferred under Sec.17 and the decision of the District Court has become final.

25. Voidable marriages.- Any marriage solemnized under this Act shall be voidable and may be annulled by a decree of nullity, if-

(i) the marriage has not been consummated owing to the wilful refusal of the respondent to consummate the marriage ;or

(ii) the respondent was at the time of the marriage pregnant by some person other than the petitioner; or

(iii) the consent of either party to the marriage was obtained by coercion or fraud, as defined in the Indian Contract Act, 1872 (9 of 1872):

Provided that in the case specified in Cl.(ii) the Court shall not grant a decree unless it is satisfied-

(a) that the petitioner was at the time of the marriage ignorant of the facts alleged;

(b) that proceedings were instituted within a year from the date of the marriage; and

(c) the marital intercourse with the consent of the petitioner has not taken place since the discovery by the petitioner of existence of the grounds a decree :

Provided further that in the case specified in Cl.(iii), the Court shall not grant a decree if,-

(a) proceedings have not been instituted within one year after the coercion had ceased or, as the case may be, the fraud had been discovered; or

(b) the petitioner has with his or her free consent lived with the other party to the marriage as husband and wife after the coercion had ceased or as the case may be, the fraud had been discovered.

26. Legitimacy of children of void and voidable marriages.-

(1) Notwithstanding that a marriage is null and void under Sec. 24, any child of such marriage who would have been legitimate if the marriage had been valid, shall be legitimate, whether such child is born before or after the commencement of the Marriage Laws(Amendment) Act, 1976, and whether or not a decree of nullity is granted in respect of that marriage under this Act and whether or not the marriage is held to be void otherwise than on a petition under this Act.

(2) Where a decree of nullity is granted in respect of a voidable marriage under Sec.25, any child begotten or conceived before the decree is made, who would have been the legitimate child of the parties to the marriage if at the date of the decree it has been dissolved instead of being annulled, shall be deemed to be their legitimate child notwithstanding the decree of nullity.

(3) Nothing contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall be construed as conferring upon any child of a marriage which is null and void or which is annulled by a decree of nullity under Sec. 25, any rights in or to the property of any person, other than the parents, in any case, where, but for the passing of this Act, such child would have been incapable of possessing or requiring any such rights by reason of his not being the legitimate child of his parents.

27. Divorce.-(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act and to the rules made thereunder, a petition for divorce may be presented to the District Court either by the husband or the wife on the ground that the respondent-

(a) has, after the solemnization of the marriage had voluntary sexual intercourse with any person other than his or her spouse; or

(b) has deserted the petitioner for a continuous period of not less than two years immediately proceeding the presentation of the petition; or

(c) is undergoing a sentence of imprisonment for seven years or more for an offence as defined in the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860); or

(d) has since the solemnization of the marriage treated the petitioner with cruelty; or

(e) has been incurably of unsound mind, or has been suffering continuously or intermittently from mental disorder of such a kind, and to such an extent that the petitioner cannot reasonably be expected to live with the respondent.

Explanation- In this Clause-

(a) the expression "mental disorder" means mental illness, arrested or incomplete development of mind, psychopathic disorder or any other disorder or disability of mind and includes schizophrenia;

(b) the expression "psychopathic disorder" means a persistent disorder or disability of mind (whether or not including sub-normality of intelligence) which results in abnormally aggressive or seriously irresponsible conduct on the part of the respondent and whether or not it requires or is susceptible to medical treatment; or

(f) has been suffering from venereal disease in a communicable form; or

(g) has been suffering from leprosy, the disease not having been contracted from the petitioner; or

(h) has not been heard of as being alive for a period of seven years or more by those persons who would naturally have heard of the respondent if the respondent had been alive;

Explanation- In this sub-section, the expression "desertion" means desertion of the petitioner by the other party to the marriage without reasonable cause and without the consent or against the wish of such party and includes the wilful neglect of the petitioner by the other party to the marriage, and its grammatical variations and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly.

(1-A) A wife may also present a petitioner for divorce to the District Court on the ground.-

(i) that her husband has, since the solemnization of the marriage, been guilty of rape, sodomy or bestiality;

(ii) that in a suit under Sec. 18 of the Hindus Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956 (78 of 1956), or in a proceeding under Sec. 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), or under the corresponding Sec. 488 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (5 of 1898), a decree or order, as the case may be, has been passed against the husband awarding maintenance to the wife notwithstanding that she was living apart and that since the passing of such decree or order, cohabitation between the parties has not been resumed for one year or upwards.

(2) Subject to the provisions of the Act and to the Rules made thereunder, either party to a marriage, whether solemnized before or after the commencement of the Special Marriage (Amendment) Act, 1970, may present a petition for divorce to the District Court on the ground-

(i) that there has been no resumption of cohabitation as between the parties to the marriage for a period of one year or upwards after the passing of a decree for judicial separation in a proceeding to which they were parties; or

(ii) that there has been no restitution of conjugal rights as between the parties to the marriage for a period of one year or upwards after the passing of a decree for restitution of conjugal rights in a proceeding to which they were parties.

27-A. Alternate relief in divorce proceedings- In any proceeding under this Act, on a petition for a dissolution of marriage by a decree of divorce, except in so far as the petition is founded on the ground mentioned in Cl. (h) of sub-section (1) of Sec. 27, the Court may, if it considers it just so to do, having regard to the circumstances of the case, pass instead a decree for judicial separation.

28. Divorce by mutual consent.-(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act and to the rules made thereunder, a petition for divorce may be presented to the District Court by both the parties together on the ground that they have been living separately for a period of one year or more, that they have not been able to live together and that they have mutually agreed that the marriage should be dissolved.

(2) On the motion of both the parties made not earlier than six months after the date of the presentation of the petition referred to in sub-section (1) and not later than eighteen months after the said date, if the petition is not withdrawn in the meantime, the District Court shall, on being satisfied, after hearing the parties and after making such inquiry as it thinks fit, that a marriage has been solemnized under this Act and that the avertments in the petition are true, pass a decree declaring the marriage to be dissolved with effect from the date of the decree.

29. Restriction on petitions for divorce during first three years after marriage.-(1) No petition for divorce shall be presented to the District Court unless at the date of the presentation of the petition one year has passed since the date of entering the certificate of marriage in the Marriage Certificate Book:

Provided that the District Court may, upon application being made to it allow a petition to be presented before one year has passed on the ground that the case is one of exceptional hardship suffered by the petitioner or of exceptional depravity on the part of the respondent, but if it appears to the District Court at the hearing of the Petition that the petitioner obtained leave to present the petition by any misrepresentation or concealment of the nature of the case, the District Court may, if it pronounces a decree, do so subject to the condition that the decree shall not have effect until after the expiry of one year from the date of the marriage or may dismiss the petition, without prejudice to any petition, which may be brought after the expiration of the said one year upon the same or substantially the same facts, as those proved in support of the petition so dismissed.

(2) In disposing of any application under this section for leave to present a petition for divorce before the expiration of one year from the date of the marriage, the District Court shall have regard to the interests of any children of the marriage, and to the question whether there is a reasonable probability of a reconciliation between the parties before the expiration of the said one year.

30. Re-marriage of divorced persons- Where a marriage has been dissolved by a decree of divorce, and either there is no right of appeal against the decree or if there is such a right of appeal, the time for appealing has expired without an appeal having been presented or an appeal has been presented but has been dismissed, either party to the marriage may marry again.

CHAPTER VII

Jurisdiction and Procedure

31. Court to which petition should be made.- (1) Every petition under Chapter V or Chapter VI shall be presented to the District Court within the local limits of whose original civil jurisdiction-

(i) the marriage was solemnized; or

(ii)the respondent, at the time of the presentation of the petition resides; or

(iii) the parties to the marriage last resided together; or

(iv) the petitioner is residing at the time of the presentation of the petition, in a case where the respondent is, at that time, residing outside the territories to which this Act extends or has not been heard of as being alive for a period of seven years by those who would naturally have heard of him if he was alive.

(2) Without prejudice to any jurisdiction exercisable by the Court under sub-section (1), the District Court may, by virtue of this sub-section, entertain a petition by a wife domiciled in the territories to which this Act extends for nullity of marriage or for divorce if she is resident in the said territories and has been ordinarily resident , therein for a period of three years immediately preceding the presentation of the petition and the husband is not resident in the said territories.

32. Contents and verification of petitions.- (1) Every petition under Chapter V or Chapter VI shall state, as distinctly as the nature of the case permits, the facts on which the claim to relief is founded and shall also state that there is no collusion between the petitioner and the other party to the marriage.

(2) The statements contained in every such petition shall be verified by the petitioner or some other competent person in the manner required by law for the verification of plaints and may, at the hearing, be referred to as evidence.

33. Proceedings to be in camera and may not be printed or published.- (1) Every proceeding under this Act shall be conducted in camera and it shall not be lawful for any person to print or publish any matter in relation to any such proceeding except a judgment of the High Court or of the Supreme Court printed or published with the previous permission of the Court.

(2) If any person prints or publishes any matter in contravention of the provisions contained in sub-section (1), he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees.

34. Duty of Court in passing decrees.-(1) In any proceeding under Chapter V or Chapter VI, whether defended or not, if the Court if satisfied that,-

(a) any of the grounds for granting relief exists; and

(b) where the petition is founded on the ground specified in Cl.(a) of sub-section (1) of Sec. 27, the petitioner has not in any manner been accessory to or connived at or condoned the act of sexual intercourse referred to therein or where the ground of the petition is cruelty, the petitioner has not in any manner condoned the cruelty; and

(c) when divorce is sought on the ground of mutual consent, such consent has not been obtained by force, fraud or undue influence; and

(d) the petition is not presented or prosecuted in collusion with the respondent; and

(e) there has not been any unnecessary or improper delay in instituting the proceedings; and

(f) there is no other legal ground why the relief should not be granted; then, and in such a case, but not otherwise, the Court shall decree such relief accordingly.

(2) Before proceeding to grant any relief under this Act it shall be the duty of the Court in the first instance, in every case where it is possible so to do consistently with the nature and circumstances of the case, to make every endeavour to bring about a reconciliation between the parties :

Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall apply to any proceeding wherein relief is sought on any of the grounds specified in Cls.(c), (e), (f), (g) and (h) of sub-section (1) of Sec.27.

(3) For the purpose of aiding the Court in bringing about such reconciliation, the Court may, if the parties so desire or if the Court thinks it just and proper so to do, adjourn the proceedings for a reasonable period not exceeding fifteen days, and refer the matter to any person named by the parties in this behalf or to any person nominated by the Court if the parties fail to name any person, with directions to report to the Court as to whether reconciliation can be and has been effected and the Court shall in disposing of the proceeding have due regard to the report.

(4) In every case where a marriage is dissolved by a decree of divorce, the Court passing the decree shall give a copy thereof free of cost to each of the parties.

35. Relief for respondent in divorce and other proceedings.-- In any proceeding for divorce or judicial separation or restitution of conjugal rights, the respondent may not only oppose the relief sought on the ground of petitioner's adultery, cruelty or desertion, but also make counter-claim for any relief under this Act on that ground, and if the petitioner's adultery, cruelty or desertion is proved, the Court may give to the respondent any relief under this Act to which he or she would have been entitled if he or she had presented a petition seeking such relief on that ground.

36. Alimony pendente lite.-- Where in any proceeding under Chapter V or Chapter VI it appears to the District Court that the wife has no independent income sufficient for her support and the necessary expenses of the proceeding, it may, on the application of the wife, order the husband to pay to her the expenses of the proceeding, and weekly or monthly during the proceeding such sum as having regard to the husband's income, it may seem to the Court to be reasonable.

37. Permanent alimony and maintenance.--(1) Any Court exercising jurisdiction under Chapter V or Chapter VI may, at the time of passing any decree or at any time subsequent to the decree, on application made to it for the purpose, order that the husband shall secure to the wife for her maintenance and support, if necessary, by a charge on the husband's property, such gross sum or such monthly or periodical payment of money for a term not exceeding her life, as having regard to her own property, if any, her husband's property and ability, the conduct of the parties and other circumstances of the case it may seem to the Court to be just.

(2) If the District Court is satisfied that there is a change in the circumstances of either party at any time after it has made an order under sub-section (1), it may at the instance of either party, vary, modify or rescind any such order in such manner as it may seem to the Court to be just.

(3) If the District Court is satisfied that the wife in whose favour an order has been made under this section has remarried or is not leading a chaste life, it may, at the instance of the husband vary, modify or rescind any such order and in such manner as the Court may deem just.

38. Custody of children.-- In any proceeding under Chapter V or Chapter VI the District Court may, from time to time, pass such interim orders and make such provisions in the decree as it may seem to it to be just and proper with respect to the custody, maintenance and education of minor children, consistently with their wishes wherever possible, and may, after the decree, upon application by petition for the purpose, make, revoke, suspend or vary, from time to time, all such orders and provisions with respect to the custody, maintenance and education of such children as might have been made by such decree or interim orders in case the proceeding for obtaining such decree were still pending.

39. Appeals from decrees and orders.--(1) All decrees made by the Court in any proceeding under Chapter V or Chapter VI shall, subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), be appealable as decrees of the Court made in the exercise of its original civil jurisdiction, and such appeal shall lie to the Court to which appeals ordinarily lie from the decisions of the Court given in the exercise of its original civil jurisdiction.

(2) Orders made by the Court in any proceeding under this Act under Sec.37 or Sec.38 shall subject to the provisions of Sub-section (3), be appealable if they are not interim orders, and every such appeal shall lie to the Court to which appeals ordinarily lie from the decisions of the Court given in the exercise of its original civil jurisdiction.

(3) There shall be no appeal under this section on the subject of the costs only.

(4) Every appeal under this section shall be preferred within a period of thirty days from the date of the decree or order.

39-A. Enforcement of decrees and orders.-- All decrees and orders made by the Court in any proceeding under Chapter V or Chapter VI shall be enforced in the like manner as the decrees and orders of the Court made in the exercise of its original civil jurisdiction for the time being are enforced.

40. Application of Act 5 of 1908.-- Subject to the other provisions contained in this Act, and to such rules as the High Court may make in this behalf, all proceedings under this Act shall be regulated, as far as may be, by the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.

40-A. Power to transfer petitions in certain cases.--(1) Where--

(a) a petition under this Act has been presented to the District Court having jurisdiction by a party to the marriage praying for a decree for judicial separation under Sec.23 or for a decree of divorce under Sec.27, and

(b) another petition under this act has been presented thereafter by the other party to the marriage praying for decree for judicial separation under Sec.23, or for decree of divorce under Sec.27 on any ground whether in the same District Court or in a different District Court, in the same State or in a different State.

the petition shall be dealt with as specified in sub-section (2).

(2) In a case where sub-section (1) applies.--

(a) if the petitions are presented to the same District Court, both the petitions shall be tried and heard together by that District Court :

(b) if the petitions are presented to different District Courts the petition presented later shall be transferred to the District Court in which the earlier petition was presented and both the petitions shall be heard and disposed of together by the District Court in which the earlier petition was presented.

(3) In a case where Cl. (b) of sub-section (2) applies, the Court or the Government, as the case may be, competent under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), to transfer any suit or proceeding from the District Court in which the later petition has been presented to the District Court in which the earlier petition is pending shall exercise its powers to transfer such later petition as if it had been empowered so to do under the said Code.

40-B. Special provision relating to trial and disposal of petitions under the Act.-(1) The trial of a petition under this Act shall so far as is practicable consistently with the interests of justice in respect of the trial, be continued from day to day until its conclusion, unless the Court finds the adjournment of the trial beyond the following day to be necessary for reasons to be recorded.

(2) Every petition under this Act shall be tried as expeditiously as possible and endeavour shall be made to conclude the trial within six months from the date of service of notice of the petition on the respondent.

(3) Every appeal under this Act shall be heard as expeditiously as possible, and endeavour shall be made to conclude the hearing within three months from the date of service of notice of appeal on the respondent.

40-C. Documentary evidence.-- Notwithstanding anything contained in any enactment to the contrary, no document shall be inadmissible in evidence in any proceeding at the trial of a petition under this Act on the ground that it is not duly stamped or registered.

41. Power of High Court to make rules regulating procedure.--(1) The High Court shall, by notification in the Official Gazette, make such rules consistent with the provisions contained in this Act and the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), as it may consider expedient for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of Chapters V, VI and VII.

(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, such rules shall provide for.--

(a) the impleading by the petitioner of the adulterer as a co-respondent on a petition for divorce on the ground of adultery, and the circumstances in which the petitioner may be excused from doing so:

(b) the awarding of damages against any such co-respondent,

(d) the form and contents of petitions for nullity of marriage or for divorce and the payment of costs incurred by parties to such petitions ; and

(e) any other matter for which no provision or no sufficient provision is made in this Act, and for which provision is made in the Indian Divorce Act, 1869 (4 of 1869).

42. Saving.-- Nothing contained in this Act shall affect the validity of any marriage not solemnized under its provisions; not shall this Act be deemed directly or indirectly to affect the validity of any mode of contracting marriage.

43. Penalty on married person marrying again under this Act.-- Save as otherwise provided in Chapter III, every person who, being at the time married procures a marriage of himself or herself to be solemnized under this Act shall be deemed to have committed an offence under Sec. 494 or Sec. 495 of the Indian Penal Code 1860 (45 of 1860), as the case may be, and the marriage so solemnized shall be void.

44. Punishment of bigamy.-- Every person whose marriage is solemnized under this Act and who, during the lifetime of his or her wife or husband, contracts any other marriage shall be subject to the penalties provided in Secs.494 and 495 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (45 of 1860) for the offence of marrying again during the lifetime of a husband of wife, and the marriage so contracted shall be void.

45. Penalty for signing false declaration or certificate.-- Every person making, signing or attesting any declaration or certificate required by or under this Act containing a statement which is false and which he either knows or believes to be false or does not believe to be true shall be guilty of the offence described in Sec.199 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (45 of 1860).

46. Penalty for wrongful action of Marriage Officer.-- Any Marriage Officer who knowingly and willfully solemnizes a marriage under this Act,--

(1) without publishing a notice regarding such marriage as required by Sec.5 ; or

(2) within thirty days of the publication of the notice such marriage; or

(3) in contravention of any other provision contained in this Act, shall be punishable with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees, or with both.

47. Marriage Certificate Book to be open to inspection--(1) The Marriage Certificate Book kept under this Act shall at all reasonable times be open for inspection and shall be admissible as evidence of the statements therein contained.

(2) Certified extracts from the Marriage Certificate Book shall, on application, be given by the Marriage Officer to the applicant on payment by him of the prescribed fee.

48. Transmission of copies of entries in marriage records.-- Every Marriage Officer in a State shall send to Registrar-General of Births, Deaths and Marriages of that State at such intervals and in such form as may be prescribed, a true copy of all entries made by him in the Marriage Certificate Book since the last of such intervals, and in the case of Marriage Officers outside the territories to which this Act extends, the true copy shall be sent to such authority as the Central Government may specify in this behalf.

49. Correction of errors.--(1) Any Marriage Officer who discovers any error in the form or substance of any entry in the Marriage Certificate Book may, within one month next after the discovery of such error, in the presence of the persons married, or in case of their death or absence, in the presence of two other credible witnesses, correct the error by entry in the margin without any alteration of the original entry and shall sign the marginal entry and add thereto the date of such correction and the Marriage Officer shall make the like marginal entry in the certificate thereof.

(2) Every correction made under this section shall be attested by the witnesses in whose presence it was made.

(3) Where a copy of any entry has already been sent under Sec. 48 to the Registrar-General or other authority the Marriage Officer shall make and send in the like manner a separate certificate of the original erroneous entry and of the marginal corrections therein made.

50. Power to make rules.--(1) The Central Government, in the case of officers of the Central Government, and the State Government, in all other cases, may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act.

(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:

(a) the duties and powers of Marriage Officers and the areas in which they may exercise jurisdiction;

(b) the manner in which a Marriage Officer may hold inquiries under this Act and the procedure therefore:

(d) the fees that may be levied for the performance of any duty imposed upon a Marriage Officer under this Act;

(e) the manner in which public notice shall be given under Sec. 16:

(f) the form in which, and the intervals within which, copies of entries in the Marriage Certificate Book shall be sent in pursuance of Sec.48:

(g) any other matter which may be or requires to be prescribed.

(3) Every rule made by the Central Government under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form, or be of no effect as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.

(4) Every rule made by the State Government under this Act shall be laid, as soon as it is made, before the State Legislature.

51. Repeals and savings.-(1) The Special Marriage Act, 1872 (3 of 1872), and any law corresponding to the Special Marriage Act, 1872, in force in any Part B State immediately before the commencement of this Act are hereby repealed.

(2) Notwithstanding such repeal.-

(a) all marriages duly solemnized under Special Marriage Act, 1872 (3 of 1872) or any such corresponding law shall be deemed to have been solemnized under this Act:

(b) all suits and proceeding in causes and matters matrimonial which, when this Act comes into operation, are pending in any Court shall be dealt with and decided by such Court, so far as may be, as if they had been originally instituted therein under this Act.

(3) The provisions of sub-section (2) shall be without prejudice to the provisions contained in Sec. 6 of the General Clauses Act, 1897 (10 of 1897) which shall also apply to the repeal of the corresponding law as if such corresponding law had been an enactment.

THE FIRST SCHEDULE

(See Sec.2 (b))

Degree of Prohibited Relationship

1. Mother

2. Father's widow (step-mother)

3. Mother's mother

4. Mother's father's widow (step grand-mother)

5. Mother's mother's mother

6. Mother's mother's father's widow (step-great-grandmother)

7. Mother's father's mother

8. Mother's father's father's widow (step-great-grandmother)

9. Father's mother

10. Father's father's widow (step-grandmother)

11. Father's mother's mother

12. Father's mother's father's widow (step-great-grandmother)

13. Father's father's mother

14. Father's father's father's widow (step-great-grandmother)

15. Daughter

16. Son's widow

17. Daughter's daughter

18. Daughter's son's widow

19. Son's daughter

20. Son's son's widow

21. Daughter's daughter's daughter

22. Daughter's daughter's son's widow

23. Daughter's son's daughter

24. Daughter's son's son's widow

25. Son's daughter's daughter

26. Son's daughter's son's widow

27. Son's son's daughter

28. Son's son's son's widow

29. Sister

30. Sister's daughter

31. Brother's daughter

32. Mother's sister

33.Father's sister

34. Father's brother's daughter

35. Father's sister's daughter

36. Mother's sister's-daughter

37. Mother's brother's daughter

Explanation.- For the purposes of this Part, the expression "widow" includes a divorced wife.

PART II

1. Father

2. Mother's husband (step-father)

3. Father's father

4. Father's mother's husband (step-grandmother)

5. Father's father's father

6. Father's father's mother's husband (step-great-grandfather)

7. Father's mother's father

8. Father's mother's mother's husband (step-great-grandfather)

9. Mother's father

10. Mother's mother's husband (step-grandfather)

11. Mother's father's father

12. Mother's father's mother's husband (step-great-grandfather)

13. Mother's mother's father

14. Mother's mother's mother's husband(step-great-grandfather)

15. Son

16. Daughter's husband

17. Son's son

18. Son's daughter's husband

19. Daughter's son

20. Daughter's daughter's husband

21. Son's son's son

22. Son's son's daughter's husband

23. Son's daughter's son

24. Son's daughter's daughter's husband

25. Daughter's son's son

26. Daughter's son's daughter's husband

27. Daughter's daughter's son

28. Daughter's daughter's daughter's husband

29. Brother

30. Brother's son

31. Sister's son

32. Mother's brother

33. Father's brother

34. Father's brother's son

35. Father's sister's son

36. Mother's sister's son

37. Mother's brother's son

Explanation- for the purposes of this Part, the expression "husband' includes a divorced husband.

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2012-06-30T10:42:00.001-07:00

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प्रणब दा ... सफल राजनीति से आदर्श चुनौतियों तक ||

2012-06-17T02:53:00.001-07:00

जब अधिकाधिक लोग राजनीति के बारे में यह कहते नहीं थकते है कि "राजनीति में विश्वास की जगह नहीं होती", उन सक्रिय लोगों को भावी महामहीम प्रणब मुखर्जी के धैर्य और विश्वास से सीख लेनी चाहिए. सीख लेने की जरूरत न सिर्फ कांग्रेस के लोगो को है, बल्कि इस घटनाक्रम से भाजपा के अति सक्रिय राजनेता एवं संभावित प्रधानमंत्री पद के उम्मीदवार नरेन्द्र मोदी को भी जरूरत है, क्योंकि धैर्य और विश्वास न रखने का ही नतीजा है कि वह अपने मातृ- संगठन राष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवक संघ की चरम नाराजगी और अपनी पार्टी भाजपा में भी नाराजगी के आखिरी मुहाने पर खड़े है. निश्चित रूप से धैर्य ममता बनर्जी को भी रखने की जरूरत है, जिन्होंने अपनी व्यक्तिगत राजनीति की जल्दबाजी में अलग- थलग होने में कोई कसर नहीं छोड़ी है और साथ ही साथ मुलायम सिंह यादव की अंगड़ाई को भी धैर्य रखने की जरूरत थी, जिसमे उन्होंने तुरुप का पत्ता बनने की कोशिश में शायद अपनी विश्वसनीयता को ही दाव पर लगा दिया.

राजनीति की हर एक व्याख्या इतिहास से शुरू होती है. इससे पहले कि हम प्रणब मुखर्जी की राजनीति की सुलझी चालों की बात करें, हमें यह जान लेना होगा कि प्रणब आखिर राजनीति में इतने अहम् क्यों है, विशेष रूप से कांग्रेस जैसी पार्टी में जिसमे हमेशा से एक ही परिवार का राजनैतिक वर्चस्व रहा है, उसके लिए प्रणब मुखर्जी अपरिहार्य कैसे हो गए ? एक सर्वोत्कृष्ट राजनेता, अक्लमंद प्रशाशक, चलता फिरता शब्दकोष, इतिहासकार- लेखक एवं पिछले ८ वर्षों से कांग्रेस पार्टी की डूबती नाव के खेवनहार इत्यादि उपनामों से नवाजे गए श्री मुखर्जी का जन्म १९३५ को बीरभूम जिले के मिराती नमक गावं में हुआ था. पिता कामदा किंकर मुखर्जी कांग्रेस के सक्रिय सदस्य एवं ख्यात स्वतंत्रता सेनानी थे. उनके पिता पश्चिम बंगाल विधान परिषद् के करीब १४ साल तक सदस्य भी रहे. उनके पदचिन्हों पर चलते हुए प्रणब मुखर्जी ने अपना राजनैतिक जीवन १९६९ से राज्य सभा सदस्य के रूप में आरम्भ किया. १९७३ में उद्योग मंत्रालय में राज्य मंत्री के तौर पर कार्य किया. उनका मंत्री के रूप में उल्लेखनीय कार्यकाल १९८२ से १९८४ के बीच रहा जिसमे युरोमनी पत्रिका ने उन्हें विश्व के सर्वश्रेष्ठ वित्त मंत्री के रूप में मूल्यांकन किया. इसके बाद श्री मुखर्जी ने कांग्रेसी सरकार में अनेक विभागों में मंत्री के रूप में कार्य किया. राजनीति में कांग्रेस पार्टी में श्री मुखर्जी की लोकप्रिय नेता की छवि सदा से बनी रही है. कांग्रेस पार्टी की आतंरिक राजनीति की बात करें तो, श्री मुखर्जी के हाशिये पर जाने की कहानी भी लगातार चर्चा में बनी रही. इंदिरा गाँधी के शाशनकाल के दौरान नंबर दो की पोजीशन हासिल करने वाले श्री मुखर्जी का राजनीतिक वनवास श्रीमती इंदिरा गाँधी की आकस्मिक मृत्यु के बाद शुरू हुआ. अपनी सर्वविदित छवि के अनुरूप कांग्रेस पार्टी के परिवार-पूजक नेता श्री राजीव गाँधी को प्रधानमंत्री पद की गद्दी सौपना चाहते थे और बाद में हुआ भी वही. श्री मुखर्जी वही पर मात खा बैठे और अपनी योग्यता और बुद्धिमता को उन्होंने राजनीति समझ लिया. कहा जाता है कि श्री मुखर्जी के उस समय के रवैये को नेहरु-गाँधी परिवार आज तक नहीं भुला पाया और श्री मुखर्जी लगातार अपनी अवहेलना झेलते भी रहे. श्री मुखर्जी के योग्य होने के बावजूद पहले राजीव गाँधी प्रधानमंत्री बने फिर उसके बाद पी.वी.नरसिम्हा राव और हद तो तब हो गयी जब गाँधी परिवार के वर्तमान नेतृत्व ने श्री मुखर्जी के कनिष्ठ रहे डॉ. मनमोहन सिंह को प्रधानमंत्री की कुर्सी पर बैठा दिया और श्री मुखर्जी के मन में हर घाव गहरा होता गया. पर उन्होंने धैर्य और विश्वास का दामन लम्बे समय तक नहीं छोड़ा. यहाँ तक कि कई छोटे बड़े मंत्री डॉ. मुखर्जी को आँख भी दिखाते रहे, कई अहम् फैसलों में उनकी सलाह को ताक पर रखा गया पर उन्होंने विश्वास का दामन और अपनी योग्यता को निखारना जारी रखा, उन्हें अपनी अंतिम जंग जो जीतनी थी.

वर्तमान राजनीति की बारीक़ समझ रखने वाले इस बात पर एक मत है कि कांग्रेस पार्टी पहले प्रणब मुखर्जी के नाम पर भी सिरे से असहमत थी.

सोनिया गाँधी प्रणब के नाम पर लगातार नाक- भौं सिकोड़ती रही है. अब से नहीं बल्कि जबसे मनमोहन सिंह प्रधानमंत्री बने है तब से, या शायद उससे पहले से ही, क्योंकि पहले कांग्रेस पार्टी के नाम पर सोनिया गाँधी ऐसा राष्ट्रपति चाहती थी जो २०१४ में कांग्रेस की भावी सम्भावना राहुल गाँधी को जरूरत पड़ने पर उबार सके, अपनी गरिमा के विपरीत जाकर भी, इसीलिए कुछ कमजोर नाम भी लगातार चर्चा में बने रहे. यदि कांग्रेस पार्टी की मंशा साफ़ होती तो प्रणब मुखर्जी के नाम की सार्वजानिक घोषणा कभी की हो चुकी होती और राष्ट्रपति चुनाव की इतनी छीछालेदर तो नहीं ही होती. भला हो ममता बनर्जी का जो उन्होंने कांग्रेस को तो कम से कम इस बात के लिए मजबूर किया कि वह अपने प्रत्याशियों के नाम तो बताये. इसी कड़ी में प्रणब का नाम कांग्रेस की तरफ से दावेदार के रूप में उभरा, पर उनके साथ और भी एक नाम उभरा जिससे यह साफ़ जाहिर हो गया कि कांग्रेस पार्टी अभी भी प्रणब का विकल्प खोज रही थी. सीधी बात कहें तो प्रणब मुखर्जी भी अपनी दावेदारी को लेकर बाहरी दलों की तरफ से ज्यादा आश्वस्त थे, परन्तु कांग्रेस की तरफ से बिलकुल भी नहीं. यहाँ तक कि उनके संबंधो की बदौलत भाजपा के कई नेता जैसे मेनका गाँधी, यशवंत सिन्हा इत्यादि सार्वजनिक रूप से उन्हें अपनी पसंद बता चुके थे, परन्तु प्रणब मुखर्जी अपनी धूर-विरोधी सोनिया गाँधी को कैसे भूल जाते, जिसने श्री मुखर्जी की राजनीतिक संभावनाओं पर गहरा आघात किया था. अब ले- देकर श्री मुखर्जी को राजनीति के आखिरी पड़ाव पर राष्ट्रपति पद की एक ही उम्मीद बची थी, और उसे वह किसी भी हाल में हासिल करने की मन ही मन ठान चुके थे.

इसी क्रम में श्री मुखर्जी ने अपने संबंधो का जाल बिछाया और राष्ट्रपति चुनाव के समय से काफी पहले इसकी चर्चा अलग-अलग सुरों से शुरू करा दी. इसमें श्री मुखर्जी खुद भी सधे शब्दों में राय व्यक्त करने से नहीं चुके और अपने को मीडिया, अन्य राजनैतिक मित्रों के माध्यम से चर्चा में बनाये रक्खा. श्री मुखर्जी सोनिया गाँधी की पिछली चालो से बेहद सावधान थे, जिसमे पिछले राष्ट्रपति चुनाव में श्रीमती गाँधी अपनी मर्जी का प्रत्याशी उठाकर कांग्रेसियों के सामने रख दिया और क्या मजाल कि कोई कांग्रेसी चूँ भी करता कि राष्ट्रपति पद के उम्मीदवार के लिए वर्तमान राष्ट्रपति महोदया श्रीमती प्रतिभा पाटिल से भी योग्य उम्मीदवार हैं. श्रीमती सोनिया गाँधी इस बार भी वही दाव चलने की कोशिश में थी और शायद वह कोई छुपा हुआ उम्मीदवार लाती भी जो की महामहीम की कुर्सी की शोभा जरूर बढाता परन्तु सोनिया गाँधी की राजनीतिक महत्वाकांक्षाओं को येन-केन-प्रकारेण पूरा ही करता, भले उसकी गरिमा सुरक्षित रहती अथवा नहीं. प्रणब दा इस तथ्य से भली- भांति परिचित थे कि यदि सोनिया ने किसी गदहे को राष्ट्रपति पद के उम्मीदवार के लिए प्रस्तावित कर दिया तो कांग्रेस की समस्त राजनीति सिर्फ उसकी हाँ में हाँ ही मिलाती नजर आती, फिर उसके बाद प्रणब दा लाख सर पटकते, कुछ नहीं होता, बल्कि उनको बागी कह कर नटवर सिंह, जगन मोहन, हरीश रावत जैसी कार्रवाई का सामना करना पड़ता, और गाना पड़ता "अब पछताए होत क्या जब चिड़िया चुग गयी खेत" |

पर बंगाली बाबु इस बार बेहद सावधान थे, अपनी छवि लगातार खेवनहार की बनाये रखते हुए, उन्होंने सोनिया की किसी चाल को कोई मौका ही नहीं दिया. जब तक सोनिया कुछ समझती तब तक तो गेद को बंगाली बाबु ईडन-गार्डेन की सीमा रेखा के बाहर भेज चुके थे और इस खेल में मुलायम ने दादा का भरपूर साथ दिया. आश्चर्य न करें आप लोग, है तो यह अनुमान ही परन्तु मुलायम जैसा राजनैतिक पहलवान ममता जैसी बिगडैल नेता के साथ प्रेस- कांफ्रेंस करता है और तीन में से दो बेवकूफी भरे नाम का प्रस्ताव करता है. मुलायम जैसे राजनीतिज्ञ को क्या यह आम आदमी को भी पता है कि मनमोहन को राष्ट्रपति बनाने का मतलब उनका प्रधानमंत्री के रूप में नाकाम होना है और कांग्रेस इसे सरेआम स्वीकार करेगी, वह भी ममता- मुलायम के कहने पर यह तो असंभव बात थी. सोमनाथ चटर्जी एक मृतप्राय राजनीतिज्ञ है और उनका नाम सिर्फ बंगाली प्रतीक के रूप में घसीटा गया. ले देकर बचे डॉ. कलाम. मुलायम यह भली- भांति जानते थे कि कलाम की उम्मीदवारी बेहद मजबूत होगी और कांग्रेस उसके मुकाबले में अपने सबसे मजबूत प्रत्याशी को ही मैदान में उतारेगी, और प्रणब मुखर्जी जैसा मजबूत और स्वीकार्य नेता भला कौन होता. बस तस्वीर पानी की तरफ साफ़ हो गयी और जैसे ही कांग्रेस ने दबाव में आकर प्रणब मुखर्जी को प्रत्याशी बनाया, राजनीति के माहिर मुलायम ने तगड़ा दाव खेलते हुए और बिना देरी किये उनके बिना शर्त समर्थन की घोषणा कर दी. इससे पहले प्रत्याशी घोषित करने का जबरदस्त दबाव सपा ने अपने नेताओं के माध्यम से कांग्रेस पर बनाया कि "कांग्रेस अपने प्रत्याशी को लेकर खुद ही भ्रम में है, और उसे प्रणब के नाम की जल्द से जल्द घोषणा करनी चाहिए". यही नहीं बल्कि सपा ने जबरदस्त शंशय बनाते हुए कांग्रेस को यह साफ़ कर दिया कि वह आसानी से उसके किसी भी उम्मीदवार का समर्थन नहीं करेगी. परन्तु प्रणब के नाम की सार्वजानिक घोषणा होते ही सपा ने बहूत ही आसानी से उसे समर्थन दे दिया.

दोस्तों, अब मुझे यह बात बिलकुल समझ नहीं आ रही है कि ममता बनर्जी राजनीति के इस खेल में सिर्फ इस्तेमाल हुई है अथवा उन्होंने सोनिया के वर्चस्व को तोड़ने की सार्थक पहल करते हुए अपना राजनैतिक नुकसान जानबूझकर किया है. परन्तु कोई बात नहीं ममता दीदी, आप अपने खेल में सफल रहीं और दादा ने आपको अपनी बहन संबोधित करके आपका सार्वजनिक आभार भी व्यक्त किया है. पर यदि आप इस खेल से अनजान थी तो मुलायम सिंह को भूलियेगा नहीं, उनके पलीते में चिंगारी दिखाने के लिए कमसे कम आप २०१४ लोकसभा चुनाव का इंतजार तो कर ही सकती हैं.

इसी कड़ी में डॉ. कलाम ने भी अपने पत्ते नहीं खोलकर बहूत ही परिपक्व नागरिक होने का सबूत पेश किया है, क्योंकि यदि इस खेल में आप घसीटे जाते तो भारत की जनता अपने आप को अपमानित महसूस करती, क्योंकि संविधान के अनुसार राष्ट्रपति के चुनाव की एक प्रक्रिया है जिसे राजनीतिक दल एक दायरे में रह कर और बिना शोर- शराबे के पूरा करते हैं. परन्तु कांग्रेस पार्टी की आतंरिक राजनीति से यदि गलती हुई है और उस गलती के फलस्वरूप आज देश का प्रत्येक नागरिक इस चुनाव से सीधा जुड़ा महसूस कर रहा है, तब कांग्रेस पर जन भावना की अनदेखी करके जनता का अनादर ही नहीं बल्कि लोकतंत्र का सीधा अपमान करने का भी आरोप लगता, क्योंकि आपका व्यक्तित्व राजनीति से परे है. जनता से जुडाव की बात करें तो डॉ. कलाम आसमान का दर्जा रखते है, और प्रणब मुखर्जी एक सम्मानित नेता होने के बावजूद उनसे कोषों पीछें है, न सिर्फ एक व्यक्ति के तौर पर बल्कि एक सार्वजनिक छवि के तौर पर भी, साफ़ सुथरी छवि के तौर पर भी, देश को दिए गए उनके सीधे योगदान के तौर पर भी, त्याग के तौर पर भी और यही नहीं वरन राष्ट्रपति के पिछले कार्यकाल में डॉ. कलाम ने यह साबित कर दिखाया कि भारत का राष्ट्रपति किसे कहते है, उसे कैसा होना चाहिए, जन- जन से कैसे जुड़कर काम किया जाता है.

प्रणब दा की असली चुनौतिया सिर्फ सोनिया गाँधी को पटखनी देने की ही नहीं है, उसमे तो वह शत- प्रतिशत कामयाब ही रहे हैं, वरन प्रणब मुखर्जी को डॉ. कलाम के सफ़र को ही आगे बढ़ाना होगा, जनभावनाओं के साथ जुड़कर चलना होगा और अलोकतांत्रिक और जनता-विरोधी कार्यों से बचना होगा. गौरतलब है पिछले दिनों अन्ना हजारे के जनांदोलन में डॉ. प्रणब मुखर्जी ने जनभावनाओं को दबाने का काम किया था, चाहे अन्ना हजारे की गिरफ़्तारी हो, किरण बेदी को डांटना हो अथवा अनेक घोटालो इत्यादि में कांग्रेस पार्टी को बचाना हो, प्रणब जी साफ़ छवि के बावजूद मंत्रिमंडल का ही एक हिस्सा रहे है और वह कांग्रेस पार्टी के घोटालों से कहीं न कहीं सीधा न सही तो परोक्ष रूप से जुड़े रहने का दाग जरूर है. राष्ट्रपति पद पर वह किसी पार्टी या किसी आलाकमान के नहीं वरन देश के प्रतिनिधि लगे, नहीं तो भारतीय जनता खुद को ठगा सा महसूस करेगी. यह सच है कि भारत की जनता ९० फीसदी से ऊपर डॉ. कलाम को राष्ट्रपति पद के लिए पसंद करती है, परन्तु वह डॉ. प्रणब मुखर्जी को नापसंद भी नहीं करती. बस यही वह अंतर है जिसमे डॉ. कलाम के आदर्श को आगे बढ़ाना होगा प्रणब दा को और राजनीति में उनकी स्वीकार्यता और व्यापक अनुभव को देखते हुए भारतीय जनता की उम्मीदें निसंदेह बहूत स्वाभाविक है. उम्मीद है भारत देश पिछले ८ वर्ष से नेतृत्व- विहीन होने के आरोपों से उबरेगा और डॉ. प्रणब मुखर्जी के नेतृत्व में एक नया सवेरा सभी भारतवासियों के चेहरे की मुस्कान बनेगा.

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Hindu Wedding Planner :: Hindu Marriage Act Weddings in India

2012-06-10T02:14:00.000-07:00

The Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 brought about various important changes to the marriage law to the subject prevailing earlier. There is a provision under the Marriage Act that says any person who is a Hindu in religion is applicable for the Hindu Marriage Act. The act can also be applicable to Buddhists, Sikhs and Jains. The law also says that the groom must be at least 21 years of age and the bride to be 18 years to legally get married.

स्त्रियों के लिए बहुत जरुरी हैं ये 16 चीजें, क्योंकि...

2012-06-04T01:57:00.000-07:00

प्राचीन काल से ही स्त्रियों को घर-परिवार की मान-प्रतिष्ठा का केंद्र माना जाता है। इसी वजह से शास्त्रों के अनुसार घर की स्त्रियों को पूर्ण साज-सज्जा के साथ रहना चाहिए ऐसा नियम बताया गया है। ताकि घर की मान-प्रतिष्ठा बनी रहे। स्त्रियों को अनिवार्य रूप से प्रतिदिन 16 शृंगार करना चाहिए।

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बाजूबंद: सोने या चांदी के कड़े स्त्रियां बाहों में धारण करती हैं। इसे बाजूबंद कहा जाता है।

चूड़ियां या कंगन: किसी भी स्त्री के लिए चूडिय़ां पहनना अनिवार्य परंपरा है। विवाह के बाद चूड़ियां सुहाग की निशानी मानी जाती हैं। चूड़ियां कलाइयों में पहनी जाती हैं ये कांच की, सोने या चांदी या अन्य किसी धातु की हो सकती हैं।

इसी तरह से अन्य सभी श्रृंगार के फोटो आप देखें ...

मंगलसूत्र

अंगूठी

बाजूबंद

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गजरा

काजल

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सिन्दूर

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A Complete Woman

सिर्फ इस एक कारण से बिगड़ते हैं पति--पत्नी के रिश्ते

2012-05-14T05:52:00.001-07:00

copul hand

अक्सर पति-पत्नी के रिश्ते में तनाव की एक बारीक सी डोर भी होती है। इसमें थोड़ा भी खिंचाव आने पर रिश्ते तन जाते हैं। ज्यादा दबाव दिया जाए तो टूट भी जाते हैं। ये डोर होती है अपेक्षा की। हम एक-दूसरे से जब रिश्ता जोड़ते हैं तो अपनी अपनेक्षाएं भी उसके साथ चिपका देते हैं। रिश्ता कोई भी हो हम उसमें कभी नि:स्वार्थ नहीं रह पाते हैं। हमारा कोई भी रिश्ता निष्काम नहीं होता। यह अपेक्षा ही तनाव और बिखराव का कारण बनती है। अपनों से की गई अपेक्षा तो और उपद्रव खड़े करती है। अपनों से अपेक्षा पूरी हो जाए तो शांति नहीं मिलती लेकिन यदि पूरी न हो तो अशांति जरूर ज्यादा हो जाती है। इसीलिए पति-पत्नी और रिश्तेदारों के बीच के संबंध हमेशा खटपट वाले बने रहते हैं क्योंकि हमने इनका आधार अपेक्षा बना लिया है। हम अपने भीतर पसंद, नापसंद का एक ऐसा आरक्षण कर लेते हैं कि जिसके कारण हम लोगों की अच्छाइयों से वंचित हो जाते हैं। हम जितना दूसरों की अच्छाइयों के निकट जाएंगे उतना ही अपने भीतर शांति पाएंगे। भागवत सिखाती है कि कैसे दाम्पत्य में अपेक्षा रहीत होकर ज्यादा सुखी रहा जा सकता है। भगवान कृष्ण की प्रमुख आठ पटरानियों में रुक्मिणी और सत्यभामा को देखिए। रुक्मिणी भगवान से निर्मल स्नेह और प्रेम रखती थीं। उन्हें भगवान का जितना साथ मिल जाए, उसी में सौभाग्य मानकर संतुष्टि मानती थी लेकिन इसके विपरीत सत्यभामा अक्सर भगवान से यह अपेक्षा रखती थीं कि वे ज्यादा से ज्यादा उनके पास रहें। हर जन्म में उन्हीं के साथ रहें। इस लालच में उन्होंने एक बार नारद की बातों में आकर भगवान को ही दान कर दिया। बहुत पीड़ा झेली, सौतनों की उलाहना भी सही। आपके दाम्पत्य में संतुष्टि का भाव होना चाहिए। जितनी ज्यादा अपेक्षा रखेंगे, उतनी ज्यादा परेशानी और अशांति आपको ही झेलनी पड़ेगी।

खुशहाल गृहस्थी के लिए पति-पत्नी के बीच ऐसा रिश्ता जरूरी है...

2012-05-14T05:08:00.000-07:00

सफल गृहस्थी का आधार सुखी दाम्पत्य होता है। दाम्पत्य वो सुखी है जिसमें पति-पत्नी एक दूसरे के सम्मान और स्वाभिमान की मर्यादा को ना लांघें। पति, पत्नी से या पत्नी, पति से समान पूर्वक व्यवहार ना करें तो उस घर में कभी भी परमात्मा नहीं आ सकता। परमात्मा पे्रेम का भूखा है। जहां प्रेम और सम्मान होगा वहीं उसका वास भी होगा। पतियों का पुरुषत्व वाला अहंकार उन्हें स्त्री के आगे झुकने नहीं देता। कई महिलाओं के लिए भी पुरुषों के आगे झुकने में असहज महसूस करती हैं। बस यहीं से अशांति की शुरुआत होती है दाम्पत्य में। तुलसीदासजी ने रामचरितमानस में इसके संकेत दिए हैं। तुलसीदासजी ने शिव और पार्वती के दाम्पत्य का एक छोटा सा प्रसंग लिखा है। जिसमें बहुत गहरी बात कही है। प्रसंग है शिव-पार्वती के विवाह के बाद पार्वती ने एक दिन भगवान को शांतभाव से बैठा देख, उनसे रामकथा सुनने की इच्छा जाहिर की। यहां तुलसीदासजी लिखते हैं कि बैठे सोह कामरिपु कैसे। धरें सरीरु सांतरसु जैसे।। पारबती भल अवसरु जानी। गई संभु पहि मातु भवानी।। एक दिन भगवान शिव शांत भाव से बैठे थे। तो पार्वती ने सही अवसर जानकर उनके पास गई। देखिए पत्नी के मन में पति को लेकर कितना आदर है कि उनसे बात करने के लिए भी सही अवसर की प्रतीक्षा की। जबकि आजकल पति-पत्नी में एक-दूसरे के समय और कार्य को लेकर कोई सम्मान का भाव नहीं रह गया। फिर तुलसीदासजी ने लिखा है - जानि प्रिया आदरु अति कीन्हा। बाम भाग आसनु हर दीन्हा।। शिव ने पार्वती को अपना प्रिय जानकर उनका बहुत आदर किया। अपने बराबर वाम भाग में आसन बैठने को दिया। पति, पत्नी को आदर दे रहा है। ये भारतीय संस्कृति में ही संभव है। कई लोग आज गृहस्थी को जंजाल भी कहते हैं। लेकिन अगर एक-दूसरे के प्रति इस तरह प्रेम और सम्मान का भाव हो तो गृहस्थी कभी जंजाल नहीं लगेगी।

परिवार को एक रखना है तो इस तरह हो आपसी व्यवहार

2012-05-14T04:57:00.001-07:00

pandavas

महाभारत में पांडवों के बीच रिश्तों की धुरी क्या थी। द्रौपदी प्रेम की एक डोर के रूप में मौजूद तो थी ही लेकिन सबसे बड़ा कारण था, पांचों भाइयों में भावनात्मक बंधन। पांचों भाई एक-दूसरे के प्रति इतने संबेदनशील थे कि कभी बिना कहे एक-दूसरे की भावनाओं, परेशानियों और समस्याओं को समझ जाते थे। धर्मराज युधिष्ठिर स्पर्श की भाषा को समझते थे। जब भी किसी भाई को कोई पीड़ा, परेशानी या दु:ख होता तो वे उसका हाथ पकड़ लेते थे। छोटे भाई को तत्काल पता चल जाता कि धर्मराज उसकी पीड़ा को समझ चुके हैं। उसे बड़े भाई का संबल मिल जाता। इसे कहते हैं स्पर्श की भाषा। अपनों के प्रति हमारी संवेदनशीलता। यही रिश्ते बनाती है, यही परिवारों को एक सूत्र में बांधे रखती है। इस समय हमारे पारिवारिक जीवन में जितनी समस्याएं चल रही हैं उसमें एक बड़ी समस्या है संबंधों में भावनात्मकता की कमी। संवेदनाओं के अभाव के कारण घर के सदस्य एक दूसरे के प्रति रूखे और सूखे हो गए हैं। अब तो कई घरों में हो रही बातचीत सुन और देखकर ऐसा लगता है जैसे किसी मॉल के काउंटर पर लेन-देन हो रहा है या किसी कॉर्पोरेट ऑफिस के केबिन में मीटिंग हो रही है या पेढ़ी पर ब्याज-बट्टे का हिसाब चल रहा है। घर परिवार का हर सदस्य अपना सौदा खुटा रहा है। पिछले दिनों एक खबर सुनने में आई कि गर्भस्थ बालक की मुस्कान थ्री-डी स्केनिंग में फोटो के रूप में प्राप्त हुई है। चिकित्सा विज्ञान के जानकार लोगों का कहना है यह गर्भ में पलने वाले शिशु की संवेदना का मामला है। एक बात तो यह समझने जैसी है कि इसमें मुस्कान संवेदना की प्रतिनिधि क्रिया है। फिर बच्चे की मुस्कान तो और अद्भुत होती है। दरअसल बड़ा जब भी मुस्कराएगा समझ लीजिए बच्चे होने की तैयारी ही कर रहा होगा। अध्यात्म कहता है जैसे-जैसे समझ बढ़ेगी वैसे-वैसे हम छोटे हो जाएंगे और जितने छोटे होंगे उतने ही विराट के प्रकट होने की संभावना बढ़ जाएगी। बल्कि छोटे होते-होते जितना खो जाएंगे बस उसके बाद फिर उसे पा जाएंगे जिसका नाम परमात्मा है।

परिवार सहेजें, ये ऊर्जा भी है और प्रेरणा भी...

2012-05-14T04:08:00.004-07:00

happy family

परिवार एक माला है, जो प्रेम के धागे में पिरोई जाती है। सारे सदस्य इसके मोती हैं। एक मोती भी कम हो, टूट जाए, छूट जाए तो माला की सुंदरता खत्म हो जाती है। परिवार को सहेजें। परिवार के हर एक सदस्य का परिवार में बराबरी का महत्व होता है। हम परिवार के बिना अधूरे हैं। हम किसी भी परिस्थिति में रहें लेकिन हमेशा परिवार को साथ रखें। यह ऊर्जा और प्रेरणा दोनों का काम करते हैं। महाभारत में पांडवों को देखिए। कोई भी परेशानी हो, इंद्रप्रस्थ का निर्माण हो या वनवास। पांडव हर समय साथ रहते थे। जुए में हारने के बाद पांडवों को 12 वर्ष का वनवास और एक वर्ष का अज्ञात वास दिया गया था। दुर्योधन उन्हें लगातार परेशान करने में लगा था। बड़े भाई के कारण पूरा परिवार वनवास में भटकने को मजबूर हो गया लेकिन कोई भी भाई अपने बड़े भाई के विरुद्ध नहीं गया। सबने युधिष्ठिर के जुए में हार जाने के बाद भी परिवार को बिखरने नहीं दिया। ये आश्चर्यजनक है कि पांचों भाइयों ने सभी संकटों को मिल कर सामना किया। ये परिवार की ही शक्ति थी कि इतनी परेशानियों के बाद भी उन्होंने अपना राज्य और सम्मान फिर प्राप्त कर लिया। हमेशा याद रखें परिवार को साथ लेकर चलेंगे तो बड़े-बड़े संकट भी छोटे लगेंगे। परिवार को एक रखिए। यह हमारी सम्पत्ति भी है और हमारी प्रेरणा भी।

अगर एकांत में पति-पत्नी का व्यवहार ऐसा हो तो गृहस्थी स्वर्ग है...

2012-05-14T03:57:00.001-07:00

hanuman

सुंदर कांड का प्रसंग है। जब हनुमान ने सीता को राम की अंगुठी दी। सीता चकित थीं और डरी हुई भी। वे ये मानने को तैयार नहीं थीं कि राम का दूत कोई वानर होगा। वो इसे रावण की ही कोई माया समझ रही थीं। हनुमान ने उन्हें समझाया और कहा रामदूत मैं मातु जानकी। सत्य सपथ करूणानिधान की।। हे माता मैं भगवान राम का ही दूत हूं। करुणा निधान श्रीराम की ही शपथ खाकर कहता हूं। जैसे ही हनुमान ने श्री राम को करूणा निधान कहा, सीता को भरोसा हो गया कि ये राम का ही भेजा हुआ दूत है। ऐसा इस कारण से क्योंकि सीता ही भगवान राम को अकेले में करूणा निधान कहती थीं। अपने द्वारा उपयोग किया जाने वाला गुप्त संबोधन जब उन्होंने हनुमान के मुंह से सुना तो तत्काल पहचान लिया। आज के दाम्पत्य में ऐसा प्रेम नहीं है। पत्नी-पति के एकांत में संबोधन ऐसे हो सकते हैं जो शायद सार्वजनिक नहीं किए जा सकते हों। हमारे दाम्पत्य में अगर डोर प्रेम, आदर और विश्वास की है तो उससे बने संबोधन भी निश्चित ही सुंदर होंगे। पति-पत्नी को कोशिश करनी चाहिए कि एकांत में भी एक-दूसरे के लिए उपयोग किए जाने वाले संबोधनों में प्रेम, आदर दोनों झलके। अक्सर पति-पत्नी का एकांत सिर्फ तनाव या वासना इन दो भावों में से किसी एक का केंद्र होकर रह जाता है। अगर हम एक दूसरे के प्रति एकांत में भी वैसा ही आदर और प्रेम रखें तो रिश्तों में तनाव कभी आ ही नहीं सकता। वरन दाम्पत्य महकने लगता है। हमेशा प्रेम से रहें। जीवन साथी से कठोर लहजे में बात करने से पहले उसकी और खुद की, दोनों की गरिमा का ध्यान रखना जरूरी है।

Hindu Weddings; The Customs !!

2012-05-04T03:37:00.004-07:00

Hindu sacraments are called 'sanskars' and the sacraments performed at the time of a wedding are called 'Vivah Sanskar'. This sanskar marks the start of the second and the most important stage of life called the 'Grihistha Ashrama' which involves setting up of a new family unit. Two individuals who are considered to be compatible form a lifelong partnership at this ceremony in which the responsibilities and duties of a householder are explained. The precise details and rituals performed in a wedding ceremony vary from region to region and often take several hours to complete. The main stages of a Hindu wedding are:

Jayamaala

Firstly, the bride's parents welcome the bridegroom and his family at the boundary of the house where the wedding is taking place. A red kum-kum (kind of powder) mark is applied to their forehead. Members from both families are formally introduced, marking the start of relationship between two families. The bride and the bridegroom then exchange garlands (jayamaala) and declare: "Let all the learned persons present here know, we are accepting each other willingly, voluntarily and pleasantly. Our hearts are concordant and united like waters."

Madhu-Parka

The bridegroom is brought to a specially decorated altar called 'mandap' and offered a seat and a welcoming drink - a mixture of milk, ghee, yoghurt, honey and sugar.

Gau Daan and Kanya Pratigrahan

'Gau' means cow and 'Daan' means donation. Nowadays, the symbolic exchange of gifts, particularly clothes and ornaments takes place. The groom's mother gives an auspicious necklace (mangala sootra) to the bride. Mangla sootra is the emblem of marital status for a Hindu woman. 'Kanya' means the daughter and 'Pratigrahan' is an exchange with responsiveness on both sides. The bride's father declares that their daughter has accepted the bridegroom and requests them to accept her.

Vivaha-homa

A sacred fire is lit and the Purohit (Priest) recites the sacred mantras in Sanskrit. Oblations are offered to the fire whilst saying the prayers. The words "Id na mama" meaning "it is not for me" are repeated after the offerings. This teaches the virtue of selflessness required to run a family.

Paanigrahan

A sacred fire is lit and the Purohit (Priest) recites the sacred mantras in Sanskrit. This is the ceremony of vows. The husband, holding his wife's hand, says "I hold your hand in the spirit of Dharma, we are both husband and wife".

Shilarohan and Laaja Homa

Shilarohan is climbing over a stone/rock by the bride which symbolises her willingness and strength to overcome difficulties in pursuit of her duties. Both gently walk around the sacred fire four times. The bride leads three times and the fourth time the groom leads. He is reminded of his responsibilities. The couple join their hands into which the bride's brothers pour some barley, which is offered to the fire, symbolising that they all will jointly work for the welfare of the society. The husband marks the parting in his wife's hair with red kumkum powder for the first time. This is called 'sindoor' and is a distinctive mark of a married Hindu woman.

Sapta-Padi

This is the main and the legal part of the ceremony. The couple walk seven steps reciting a prayer at each step. These are the seven vows which are exchanged. The first for food, the second for strength, the third for prosperity, the fourth for wisdom, the fifth for progeny, the sixth for health and the seventh for friendship. In some regions, in stead of walking the seven steps, the bride touches seven stones or nuts with her right toe. A symbolic matrimonial knot is tied after this ceremony. A symbolic matrimonial knot is tied after this ceremony

Surya Darshan and Dhruva Darshan

The couple look at the Sun in order to be blessed with creative life. They look in the direction of the Dhruva (Polar star) and resolve to remain unshaken and steadfast like the Polar star.

Ashirvada (Blessings)

The couple are blessed by the elders and the priest for a long and prosperous married life. It is important to clarify two misconceptions about Hindu marriages: arranged marriages and child marriages. The couple are blessed by the elders and the priest for a long and prosperous married life Hindu scriptures prohibit use of force or coercion in marriages. Arranged marriages are based on agreement from both the bride and the groom, and should not be confused with forced marriages. In the Vedic period, child marriages were strictly prohibited. Later, due to political and economical changes, some new social traditions started which deviated from the Vedic teachings. Child marriages and the associated tradition of dowry were some of the deviations which reformist movements in modern times have attempted to correct. Child marriages are now banned by law in India, although reports suggest that the practice has not been eradicated.

दोस्त को भी नहीं बताना चाहिए पत्नी की ऐसी बातें, क्योंकि...

2012-05-02T04:52:00.000-07:00

Aacharya Chankya

सफल वैवाहिक जीवन के लिए जरूरी है कि पति-पत्नी के आपसी तालमेल अच्छा रहे। यदि तालमेल बिगड़ता है तो उनका जीवन भी अस्त-व्यस्त हो जाता है। सफल वैवाहिक जीवन के संबंध में आचार्य चाणक्य ने पतियों को सलाह दी है कि-

अर्थनाशं मनस्तापं गृहिणीचरितानि च।

नीचवाक्यं चाऽपमानं मतिमान्न प्रकाशयेत्।।

अर्थात् कुछ बातों को गुप्त रखना चाहिए जैसे हमारे धन का नाश, हमारा दुख, पत्नी का चरित्र, नीच या बुरे स्वभाव वाले व्यक्ति द्वारा कही हुई बातें, स्वयं का अपमान।

आचार्य चाणक्य कहते है कि यदि हमें आर्थिक हानि का सामना करना पड़ रहा है तो ये बात किसी को बताना नहीं चाहिए अन्यथा लोग धन संबंधी सहायता नहीं करेंगे। इसी प्रकार कोई दुख हो तो उसे भी किसी पर जाहिर नहीं करना चाहिए। सबसे जरूरी बात किसी भी स्थिति में व्यक्ति को अपनी पत्नी का स्वभाव, गोपनीय बातें, व्यवहार आदि नहीं बताना चाहिए। ऐसा करने पर बुरे स्वभाव वाले लोग किसी प्रकार का अनुचित लाभ उठा सकते हैं।

यदि जीवन में किसी नीच व्यक्ति द्वारा आपका अपमान किया गया है तो इसे भी गुप्त रखना चाहिए। क्योंकि ये बातें जाहिर होने से व्यक्ति समाज में हंसी का पात्र बन सकता है। बुद्धिमान या समझदार व्यक्ति को चाहिए वे इन सभी बातों को किसी पर जाहिर न करें। यहां तक कि किसी मित्र को भी इस प्रकार की बातें नहीं बताना चाहिए क्योंकि भविष्य यदि उस मित्र से किसी प्रकार का विरोध हुआ तो वह भी इन बातों का उपयोग आपको हानि पहुंचाने के लिए कर सकता है।

फिर पति-पत्नी के रिश्ता बोझ नहीं रहता

2012-04-30T03:51:00.003-07:00

love marriage

राम-सीता, शिव-पार्वती जैसे पात्रों से इस रिश्ते की बारीकियां सीखी जा सकती हैं। राम सीता का दांपत्य और शिव पार्वती की गृहस्थी दोनों ही प्रेरणास्पद है। राम ने धनुष तोड़कर सीता से विवाह किया। धनुष अहंकार का प्रतीक है। हमेशा तना रहता है और जब भी बाण चलाता है किसी के प्राण ही लेता है। अहंकार भी हमारे जीवन में ऐसा ही है। जब तक हमारे भीतर अहंकार है हम किसी के प्रति प्रेम, दया, सौहार्द, विश्वास और करूणा जैसी भावनाओं से जुड़ ही नहीं सकते। दाम्पत्य के लिए ये भावनाएं जरूरी हैं। राम ने पहले अहंकार को तोडा फिर सीता से विवाह किया। तभी कई परेशानियों के बाद भी उनका दाम्पत्य आदर्श और दिव्य ही रहा।अब शिव-पार्वती के दाम्पत्य को देखें। शिव के लिए पार्वती ने कड़ी तपस्या की। कई मुसीबतें झेलीं, कड़े उपवास किए। कई देवताओं ने बहकाया भी, शिव के विरोध में बातें भी कहीं लेकिन पार्वती का विश्वास नहीं डिगा। न ही पार्वती का समर्पण कम हुआ। विष्णु ने भी विवाह का प्रस्ताव भेजा, जिनके पास अपार वैभव था, लेकिन पार्वती ने सारी परिस्थितियों में शिव को ही चुना। ऐसा समर्पण, श्रद्धा, विश्वास और प्रेम अगर हमारी गृहस्थी में हो तो फिर किसी भी परिस्थिति में कभी हमारा रिश्ता कमजोर नहीं होगा। ये हमारे लिए आदर्श हैं। अगर स्त्री-पुरुष या पति-पत्नी के बीच ऐसा रिश्ता है तो फिर वो कभी बोझ नहीं हो सकता है। कई लोग शादी को मुसीबत या जंजाल कहते हैं। आज कम ही ऐसे पति-पत्नी होंगे जो पूरी इमानदारी से यह स्वीकार करते हों कि उनका दाम्पत्य पूरी तरह सुखी और खुशियों भरा है। गृहस्थी को सफलता पूर्वक चलाना भी एक कला भी है और चुनौती भी। कुछ बातें होती हैं जो जीवन उतार ली जाएं तो फिर गृहस्थी आसानी से चल जाती है

शादी करने के लिए कैंसर का बहाना

2012-04-29T09:49:00.001-07:00

Marriage Image

न्यूयॉर्क। कुछ लोग अपने मकसद को पूरा करने के लिए झूठ बोलने से कतई गुरेज नहीं करते। ऐसा ही वाकया यहां की एक युवती (25) का है जिसने शादी करने के लिए फरेब का सहारा लिया। पिछले साल इसने एक समाचार प्रकाशित करवाया कि उसको ल्यूकेमिया कैंसर है और वह कुछ महीने बाद मरने वाली है। उसने लोगों से मदद का आग्रह करते हुए इच्छा व्यक्त की थी कि वह मरने से पहले शादी करना चाहती है लेकिन उसके पास पैसे नहीं है। खबर फैलते ही कई लोग मदद के लिए आगे आए और उसके पास कुल 13,368 डॉलर (करीब सात लाख रुपये) पहुंच गए। पैसा पाने के बाद इसने शादी की। एक साल बाद इसके पति ने तलाक के लिए आवेदन करते हुए मामले को उजागर किया कि इस युवती ने अपना उल्लू सीधा करने के लिए झूठ बोला था। कोर्ट ने युवती को सजा के रूप में संबंधित लोगों को पैसा लौटाने का आदेश दिया है।

शादियों का अनिवार्य रजिस्ट्रेशन गैरवाजिब

2012-04-22T11:24:00.001-07:00

नई दिल्ली [जागरण ब्यूरो]। केंद्र सरकार के शादियों के अनिवार्य पंजीकरण को मुस्लिम पर्सनल ला बोर्ड ने गैरवाजिब करार दिया है। बोर्ड का मानना है कि यह पूरी तरह अव्यावहारिक है और इससे आम आदमी की दिक्कतें बढ़ेगी। बेहतर तो यह होगा कि सरकार इस तरह की सूचनाएं शादी कराने वालों से जुटाए और अपने यहां पंजीकृत करे। बोर्ड ने शिक्षा का अधिकार कानून, वक्फ विधयेक और प्रत्यक्ष कर संहिता [डीटीसी] के कुछ प्रावधानों का विरोध करते हुए इसके खिलाफ चल रहे अपने आंदोलन को और तेज करने का फैसला किया है।

मुंबई में मुस्लिम पर्सनल ला बोर्ड की तीन दिन चली बैठक के बाद बोर्ड के प्रवक्ता अब्दुल रहीम कुरैशी ने कहा है कि केंद्र सरकार का शादियों के अनिवार्य पंजीकरण का फैसला पूरी तरह गलत है। गांव के लोगों को यह समझ में ही नहीं आएगा। इससे उनकी दिक्कतें ही बढ़ेंगी। बेहतर तो यह होगा कि सरकार यह काम शादी कराने वाले लोगों को सौंपे। बैठक में दिल्ली में पुरातत्व विभाग के अधीन आ गई मस्जिदों में नमाज की अनुमति देने की भी मांग की गई है।

कुरैशी ने कहा कि तीन दिन चले विचार-विमर्श में शिक्षा का अधिकार कानून, वक्फ बोर्ड एवं प्रत्यक्ष कर संहिता के प्रावधानों पर भी गहन चर्चा हुई। इन तीनों मुद्दों पर बोर्ड नवंबर माह से ही आंदोलन चला रहा है। इसे अब और तेज किया जाएगा। अपने आंदोलन के समर्थन में बोर्ड धर्मनिरपेक्ष दलों के पास जाकर उनका समर्थन मांगेगा। कुरैशी ने कहा कि शिक्षा का अधिकार कानून में मदरसों एवं अल्पसंख्यक संस्थानों को लेकर किए गए प्रावधानों से बोर्ड नाराज है और वह इसमें बदलाव चाहता है।

फिल्म समीक्षा: दिल को छू जाएगी ‘विकी डोनर’

2012-04-21T12:36:00.001-07:00

19 अप्रैल 2012

bollywoodhungama.com

तरण आदर्श

फिल्म: विकी डोनर

निर्देशक: सुजीत सिर्कर

कलाकार: आयुष्यमान खुराना, डॉली अहलुवालिया, यामी गौतम, अन्नु कपूर

इस हफ्ते बतौर निर्माता जॉन अब्राहम की पहली फिल्म 'विकी डोनर' ने सिनेमाघरो का रुख किया है।

फिल्म का मुख्य पात्र विकी अरोड़ा (आयुष्यमान खुराना) एक जवान, खूबसूरत पंजाबी लड़का है। विकी के पिता का देहांत हो चुका है और अपनी विधवा मां डॉली (डॉली अहलुवालिया) का वह अकेला सहारा है। लेकिन वह भी खुद ऐसी स्थिति में नहीं है कि अपनी मां को आर्थिक मदद दे सके। डॉली अपने घर में ही छोटा सा ब्यूटी पार्लर चलाती है।

एक दिन अचानक विकी की जिंदगी में डॉ चड्डा की एंट्री हो जाती है।

डॉ चड्डा को लगता है कि विकी वह स्पर्म डोनर हो सकता है, जिसकी उसे तलाथ थी। हालांकि डॉ के बहुत समझाने के बावजूद विकी इस काम के लिए तैयार नहीं होता। लेकिन डॉक्टर के बहुत समझाने पर विकी को घुटने टेकने पड़ते हैं और वो स्पर्म डोनेशन (शुक्राणु दान) के लिए तैयार हो जाता है।

भाई, स्‍पर्म डोनेट करने में बुराई क्या है?: जॉन

वक्त गुजरता है और विकी की जिंदगी में अस्मिता राय (यामी गौतम) आती है। विकी अस्मिता को प्यार करने लगता है। लेकिन दोनों के प्रेम संबंधों में तब खटास आ जाती है जब यामी को यह पता चलता है कि विकी एक स्पर्म डोनर है।

आयुष्यमान सहज दिखे। उन्होंने अपनी भूमिका के साथ पूरा न्याय किया। अन्नु कपूर का काम भी शानदार रहा।

विकी डोनर एक साहसिक फिल्म है, जिसमें एक संवेदनशील मुद्दे को उकेरने की कोशिश की गई है। यह एक छोटे बजट की लेकिन दिल से बनाई गई फिल्म है। फिल्म हंसाती भी है, भावुक भी करती है। अंग प्रदर्शन को बढ़ावा देती फिल्मों के इस दौर में ‘विकी डोनर’ बॉलीवुड में एक नई सार्थक संभावनाएं जगाती नजर आती है।

3.5/5

सिर्फ दैहिक सुख का साधन नहीं होता है विवाह...

2012-04-20T07:38:00.002-07:00

shubh vivah

विवाह का एक आध्यात्मिक अभिप्राय भी होता है। दांपत्य को सामाजिक दृष्टि से ही न देखा जाए। पति-पत्नी होना स्त्री-पुरुष के लिए कोई शारीरिक कृत्य मात्र नहीं। इस रिश्ते में आध्यात्मिक अनुभूतियां जितनी गहन होंगी, रिश्ता उतना ही आनंददायक हो जाएगा। आज के दौर में सर्वाधिक मतभेद और आंतरिक तनाव इसी रिश्ते में देखा जा रहा है। आदमी दांपत्य के सुख से भी ऊब गया है और दुख से भी। जिन लोगों को दांपत्य में दुख ही दुख मिला हो, वे भी दुख से बाहर निकलने के लिए या तो आत्मघात जैसा कदम उठाते हैं या फिर गृहस्थी छोड़कर भागने लगते हैं। जिन्हें घर-गृहस्थी में बहुत अधिक सुख मिल गया हो तो या तो उनके भीतर अहंकार आ जाता है या वे विलास में डूब जाते हैं। पुनरावृत्ति सभी बातों की महंगी ही पड़ती है। इसीलिए शायद भगवान पति-पत्नी के रिश्ते में कभी मिठास तो कभी खटास देता है। आध्यात्मिक अनुभूति इस रिश्ते में एक-दूसरे को इस बात के लिए प्रेरित करती है कि कैसी भी परिस्थिति हो, एक-दूसरे का परित्याग न किया जाए। टूटते-बिखरते हर तार को प्रेम से बांधा जाए। पति-पत्नी समझौता, सुलह, क्षमायाचना और क्षमादान करने के मामले में जितने सहज, सरल होंगे, रिश्ता उतना ही लंबा चल सकेगा। इसलिए सहानुभूति, शील, त्याग और प्रेम बनाए रखने के लिए अध्यात्म का स्पर्श इस रिश्ते में बड़े काम का है। इतना सब हो और सुख-दुख भी आता रहे तो इसे मणिकांचन योग कहेंगे।

पति-पत्नी का रिश्ता बंधा हो इस अटूट डोर से...

2012-03-20T06:01:00.003-07:00

पति-पत्नी का रिश्ता अक्सर तब खटास पर आता है, जब वे एक-दूसरे की बजाय खुद के प्रति ज्यादा लगाव रखने लगते हैं। समर्पण का भाव सूखते ही प्रेम का पौधा मुरझाने लगता है। पति-पत्नी का रिश्ता समर्पण की डोर से बंधा होता है। पति, ऐसा हो जो पत्नी को अपने आधे शरीर की तरह माने, पत्नी वो जो पति के बिना खुद को अधूरा समझे। दोनों में एक-दूसरे पर न्योछावर होने का भाव हो। तनते रिश्ते और कम होते समर्पण से ही दाम्पत्य नर्क हो जाता है।
श्रीरामजी को वनवास जाना था। वे चाहते थे सीताजी माँ कौशल्या के पास रुक जाएं। सीताजी उनके साथ जाना चाहती थीं। कौशल्याजी भी चाहती थीं सीता न जाए। सास, बहू और बेटा, ऐसा त्रिकोण यहां पैदा हो गया था।

दुनिया में इस रिश्ते ने कई घर बना दिए और बिगाड़ दिए। लेकिन रामजी के धैर्य, सीताजी की समझ और कौशल्याजी की समझ ने रघुवंश का इतिहास बदल दिया। हमारे अवतारों की यह घटनाएं हमें अपने जीवन की छोटी-छोटी बातों में बड़े-बड़े संदेश दे जाती हैं। हमारे परिवारों में सास-बहू पति-पत्नी के संबंधों में जो विच्छेदन आता है उसका बड़ा मनोवैज्ञानिक संकेत है।

जब कोई किसी परिवार में किसी पर निर्भर होता है तो परिवार के सदस्य को लगता है कि हम उसकी जरूरत पूरी कर रहे हैं। माँ-बाप बच्चों को जब बड़ा करते हैं तो वे इसलिए प्रसन्न रहते हैं कि बच्चे उन पर निर्भर हैं। जैसे ही बच्चे बड़े हो जाते हैं तो वे अपना काम खुद करने लगते हैं। उनका अपना संसार बस जाता है, अब वो माँ-बाप पर निर्भर नहीं हैं। तब एक मनोवैज्ञानिक भीतरी अन्त:विरोध शुरू होता है।

सास-बहू के झगड़े का एक कारण यह भी होता है कि सास सोचती है कि इस बेटे को जो सदा से मेरे ऊपर निर्भर था, मुझे उसे बुद्धिमान बनाने में २५ साल लगे और इस नई औरत ने पांच मिनट में उसको बुद्धू बना दिया। जो बेटा सदा से मुझ पर निर्भर था वह आज इस पर निर्भर हो गया। यही हाल पति-पत्नी के होते हैं। वह भी एक-दूसरे को एक-दूसरे पर निर्भर करना चाहते हैं। दाम्पत्य का आधार प्रेम होना चाहिए।

हम पहले भी यह बात कर चुके हैं कि जिस परिवार के केन्द्र में प्रेम होगा वह परिवार फिर अहंकाररहित होगा उसमें बड़ा-छोटा, तेरा-मेरा नहीं होता और इसलिए विरोध की संभावना समाप्त हो जाती है।

सनी लियोन कर चुकी है शादी: देखिए फोटो

2012-03-17T05:29:00.002-07:00

भारतीय पुरुषों के फैंटेसी को नए आयाम देने वाली सनी लियोन के बारे में बहुत कम लोग जानते हैं कि वह मैरेड है। पिछले दिनों जब वह मुंबई एयरपोर्ट पर अपने पति डेनियल वेबर के साथ उतरी तो लोग आश्‍चर्यचकित रह गए। क्‍योंकि इससे पहले सनी लियोन ने इस बात का खुलासा नहीं किया था। सनी यूं तो बहुत लोगों को डेट कर चुकी है। लेकिन जब उन्‍होनें डेनियल वेबर को डेट किया था तो इंप्रेस नहीं हुई थी। लेकिन जब डेनियल ने उनके होटल के कमरे में जब 24 गुलाब का बुके भेजा तो सनी इंप्रेस हो गई और उन्‍होंने शादी करने का फैसला कर लिया। फिलहाल सनी अपने पति और अपनी प्‍यारी बिल्‍ली के साथ कैलिफोर्निया में रहती हैं। सनी का कहना है कि हर जन्‍म में वह डेनियल के साथ ही शादी करना पसंद करेंगी।

वैवाहिक जीवन में जरूरी हैं पति-पत्नी के बीच ये तीन बातें होना...

2012-03-09T23:22:00.000-08:00

पति-पत्नी में छुटपुट झगड़े आम बात हैं, ये जरूरी भी होते हैं रिश्ते की ताजगी के लिए। लेकिन अक्सर छोटी-छोटी बातें बड़ा रूप ले लेती हैं और गृहस्थी नर्क लगने लगती है। वैवाहिक जीवन में पति-पत्नी का आपसी तालमेल बहुत जरूरी होता है। ये ऐसे नहीं बनता, इसके लिए तीन चीजों की जरूरत होती है। पहला एक-दूसरे के प्रति सम्मान, दूसरा आपसी विश्वास और तीसरा एक दूसरे के प्रति निष्ठा। इन तीनों में से एक भी बात नदारद हो तो गृहस्थी बिखरने में देर नहीं लगेगी।

भावगत में राजा ययाति की कथा आती है। ययाति ने एक बार अपनी पत्नी का विश्वास तोड़ा और गृहस्थी, बिखर गई, ययाति को शाप झेलना पड़ा, माफी मांगनी पड़ी। ययाति बड़े प्रतापी राजा थे। उनका विवाह दैत्य गुरु शुक्राचार्य की बेटी देवयानी से हुआ था। एक शर्त के तहत दैत्यों की राजकुमारी शर्मिष्ठा उसके साथ दासी रूप में आई थी। शुक्राचार्य ने ययाति से वचन लिया था कि वो कभी देवयानी के अलावा किसी अन्य स्त्री से संबंध नहीं रखेगा। ययाति ने बात भी मान ली।

देवयानी गर्भवती हुई तो शर्मिष्ठा जो उसके महल के पीछे कुटिया में रहती थी, उसे ईष्र्या होने लगी। उसने ययाति को अपने रूप जाल में फांस लिया। ययाति भी शुक्राचार्य को दिया गया वचन भूल गए और शर्मिष्ठा से संबंध स्थापित हो गए। पति-पत्नी के बीच आपसी निष्ठा और विश्वास खत्म हो गया। एक दिन देवयानी को ये बात पता चल गई। वो ययाति को छोड़ शुक्राचार्य के पास आ गई। शुक्राचार्य ने ययाति के भ्रष्ट आचरण की बात सुन उसे शाप दे दिया कि वो युवा अवस्था में ही वृद्ध हो जाए।

ययाति ने अपने किए की क्षमा मांगी। बहुत गिड़गिड़ाए तो शुक्राचार्य ने उसे शाप से मुक्ति का तरीका बता दिया। फिर भी वैवाहिक जीवन का सुख, विश्वास और सम्मान ययाति ने अपनी पत्नी की नजर में खो दिया। ऐसा अक्सर कई गृहस्थियों में होता है। पति-पत्नी आपसी विश्वास कायम नहीं रख पाते।