Internet Delicatessen,masterpiece free online resources for geeks

The Future of the State of the Art , Linux

2011-04-03T02:45:00.000-07:00

Buenos dias a todos las recomendaciones que hice anteriormente y las distros que vimos nos hizo pensar en interop una interfaz de automatizacion de objetos entre aplicaciones.

he estado cacharreando otro par de dias y me encontrado algo muy parecido a sourceforge.net pero con software linux libre.
https://launchpad.net/+tour/index
esto no es mas ni menos que una web donde se crea una build compilada automaticamente en un servior de integracion continua con la ultima o indicada version del software.

Deja que el servidor lo compile por ti.

solo hay que navegar por la web y elegir el tipo de distro y paquete y podremos descargar nuestro source personalizado en un paquete que usara el gestor de paquetes.

Pero no siempre funciona bien, Si por ejemplo una dependencia requiere a su vez de una actualizacion en su paquete el ultimo no compilara.

Para mi y hablado de vover 10 años atras en el tiempo recurdo que habia una aplicacion PHPMySQL que mediante un "emulador" sencillo servidor web se podian hacer consultas actualizar los datos y cambiando esa pagina web multitud de chorradidas o caracteristicas de 3os a añadir.

Esto para los tontos como yo,Porque no crear en el centro de distribucion e intalacion de software una interop que nos chequee el sistema y enfuncion de eso nos ofrezca mas o menos las posibilidadws que tenemos para que mediante otro asistente automatico PHP se instale "automaticamente" la aplciacion linux? sin apenas pedir mas que la ruta y version del SO y compilandolo automatizaamente en localhost?para luego chequear esto con un rss feed y ver si ha cambiado la revision del programa?

Nexus S, la potencia de SmartDragon

2011-03-31T08:07:00.000-07:00

Buenos dias me lllamo David y querria un modem USB flash a 300KBps con una tarjeta SD de unos 15GB ademas una camara de fotos de 5Megapixeles si y un firewall antivirus y un reproductor de mp3 ahhh y de videos eso si que sea compatible con you tube y oara los viajes que tenga augmented reality Latitude como no con localizador GPS planificador de rutas en coche y andando con fotos del callejero y que con cuyo navegador pueda buscar una pizza para pedirla despues por telefono.

hace 3 años solucion no profesional) depues de 7 viajes del chico de la tienda de informatica a la trastienda vuelve con un montonde aparatos con sus respectivosa cargadores y me dice oiga en confianza entre usted y yo es mi mejor cliente ,asi que le hare una rebajita pero no crea que le va a salir la broma por menos de 1500 euros.

hace 6 meses) aqui tiene su Nexus S, Smartdragon a 1Ghz , pantalla tactil ultra sensible camara de 5MBpx flash led , videoconferencia y todo lo que pueda ofrecerte su impecable software Android 2.3. , localizador GPS, google Earth y Maps, gestor de conduccion de vehiculos,reproductores MP3, grabadora Audio , Video y fotos con sus correspondientes galerias, se puede descargar un navegador firefox para android asi como compartir la velocidad de su modem de 200Kbps con tu equipo.

son 500 euros que descontandole los chorrecientos puntos vodafone o si se cambia de operador le sale por X pesetillas.

http://www.android.com/media/

State of the Art on Linux, Un paseo por linux.

2011-03-29T12:26:00.000-07:00

Como informatico siempre (hace unos 10 años) hasta que mis amigos y familiares han aprendido a arreglar sus ordenadores y manejarse con ellos les han surgido principalmente dos preguntas hacia mi.

1) Te puedes pasar por mi casa para instalarme la tarjeta...

y la segunda y no menos importante.

2) me voy a comprar un ordenador, que tipo de ordenador me recomiendas?

Despues de hacerse un poquito uno el interesante o se iva a casa del amigo o se recomendaba lugar donde comprarlo en funcion del precio y necesidades el ordenador apropiado para cada amigüete le copiaba los programas tipicos y santaspascuas.

Hoy en dia la compra de un Pc, laptop o mini laptop o tablet pc o smartphone viene acompañada o condicionada ademas del software que trae este equipo por defecto, Mac OS-X,Leopard ,Android,windows mobile 7,windows 7,linux o Chromium

si ademas la pantalla puede ser tactil o no aumenta el rango de precios y un poquito el de posibilidades.

Hace 10 años tenias que pensar si tu ordenador lo querias con sonido multimedia o no con pantalla 1024x768px o superior con modem o tarjeta de red y tipo de almacenamiento disquettera, iomega zip etc.

hoy en dia todo viene en la placa practicamente prebuilt-in como los tablet pc y smartphones que poseen un grado alto de usabilidad y actualizacion del software musica mediante itunes (tablet pc appple e iphone, itouch) y marketplace android asi como hub tc y Market para windows Mobile.Aun se siguen conservando en las casas muchos de esos ordenadores de hace 10 años pues para "trabajar con windows XP y el office" siguen sirviendo se siguen haciendo service packs , digamos que esta etapa en lo referente a windows ha sido la mas "larga y duradera" despues del fiasco de Windows Vista con muy altas pretensiones pero incompatible de drivers con muchos equipos.Tema zanjado y solucionado con Windows 7 que vuelve a ser "la niña bonita" y favorita de Microsoft en cuanto a apuestas domesticas de software, robusto, estable de corazon 2003 server y con un nuevo centro de descargas de drivers asi como deteccion de malware,encriptacion de datos de -filesystem y uso de llaves usb para restablecer contraseñas transferencias de configuracion entre equipos , etc.Mientras tanto el hardware ha mejorado en cuanto a capacidad +1TB HD, pero ha aparecido la irrupcion de algo que lo hace un poco menos incompatibles con sus antguos compatibles el bus y procesadores multinucleo de bajo consumo electrico para procesamiento en paralelo en 64 bits, ahora el software se puede "probar" antes de comprar como no por internet que ha sido la gran revolucion añadida a la informatica domestica,toda la familia de productos google la continua aparacion de aplicaciones web que con un ancho de banda (aunque todavia escaso en España) y algo mas aceptable e Europa y EEUU hacen competir con aplicaciones desktop a las cuales se puede conectar desde cualquier PC con un usuario y contraseña dados asi como las redes sociales y junto con las redes wireless alternativa al uso de 3G,gprs para aparatos como itabletpc,itouch,etc todo practicamente plug-play sin reiniciar.

Sin embargo y aunque las cosas con respecto al marketing y facilidad de uso de Windows ha cambiado a mejor pero despacio la revolucion de las aplicaciones web y la misma relovulicion de linux se ha llevado a cabo en este periodo de tiempo.

linux hace 10 años era un sistema sin madurar un Unix con Xwindows basado en KDE o Gnome con un gestor de ventanas que apenas convencia y con pocas aplicaciones que habia que compilar de distribucion a distribucion de linux, vamos que te instalabas tu version siempre en un instalador basado en texto tu distribucion y apenas esta quedaba inmutable amen de la complicacion de recompilar el kernel para algunas nuevas aplicaciones y rezar para que todo siguiese en orden,

Respecto a esto mucho se ha cambiado ha aparecido una distribucion mas o menos profesional llamada Ubuntu en la cual se basan muchas otras que se actualiza desde un servidor centralizado al cual se puede desde un instalador de software añadir poniendo solo "instal" y buscando instaladores de otras distribuciones com gdt o debian se descarga cada aplicacion listada alli ademas si da problemas tiene una referencia a la web desde donde podemos descargarla asi como el gestor de paquetes Synaptic que nos compila el kernel y prepara en nuestro boot personalizado "grub",deteccion automatica de hardware y redes,Open Office 3,2 y un monton por defecto de software descargable para nuestra distribucion.

Dime que profesion tienes como eres y te dire que distribucion linux necesitas.

poco a poco han ido apareciendo las llamadas distros que en www.distrowatch.com se pueden descargar hasta mas de 320 con su kernel y drivers Up to Date.

Esta Lula de catedra telefonica disro de programacion con un servidor apache y tomcat web xon pstgre SQL y MySQL y con Netbeans Eclipse para java ,Open Office 3.2 aparte de muchas otras interesantes aplicaciones.

Knoppix distro que se instala en un USB FLASH de 2 GB y se descomprime en memoria hasta 4 adaptandose con todo tipo de drivers y con utilidades de hacking y la suite libreOffice analogo al Office de windows, si quieres llevarte en el bolsillo todo el ordenador esta es la tuya.

Caine distribucion de analisi forense de computadores si eres policia/detective y quieres saberlo todo sobre una particion/red esta es la tuya

Caelinux en su version 64bits/32Bits distro de modelado 3d,CAD/CAM, analisis por elementos finitos , si eres constructor arquitecto ingeniero de caminos esta es la tuya.

Archelinux distro de Arqueologia.

RIP (Rescue if Posible) nos sacara de mas de un apuro con aquel DVD/CD HD rayado,

Studio64 , completo kit, basado en ubuntu que nos ahorrara el tener que grabar en un estudio profesional de musica al disponer de todas las herramientas,mesa de mezclas ,efectos para hacerlo desde un ordenador con suficiejtes conectores de Audio y una buena tarjeta de Audio.

Vnlinux, distro para invidentes y discapacitados con navegador web lector y lector de ebooks y activacion de comandos por voz.

Aqui a continuacion dejo una lista mas amplia para que vayais viendo que filon...

1. 2X ThinClientOS
2X ThinClientOS is a Debian-based GNU/Linux distribution with a small footprint, optimised for remote desktop computing. It features auto-detection capabilities similar to Knoppix. It boots directly to a login manager which, when coupled with the ThinClientServer, redirects users to a remote RDP/ICA/NX desktop. The distribution can be booted via PXE, CD or installed to a hard disk or flash disk. Updates to the distribution are managed through the ThinClientServer web interface. 2X ThinClientOS requires 2X ThinClientServer to boot up; ThinClientServer is a commercial product, though it is free for up to five thin clients.

2. Absolute Linux
Absolute Linux is a light-weight modification of Slackware Linux. It includes several utilities that make configuration and maintenance easier and it has many common desktop and Internet applications installed and configured with tight integration of menus, applications and MIME types. Absolute Linux uses IceWM and ROX for its window and file managers.

3. AbulÉdu
AbulÉdu is a French Linux distribution, specifically designed for data processing in educational establishments. Originally based on Mandrake Linux, the most recent releases are based on Debian GNU/Linux and KNOPPIX.

4. AgiliaLinux
AgiliaLinux is a Russian community distribution with roots in Slackware Linux. It features a custom text-mode system installer with installation classes, an advanced package manager called mpkg, and support for several popular desktop environments.

5. Alinex
Alinex, developed by the Universidade de Évora, is a Ubuntu-based Portuguese Linux distribution designed for the students of the university. It includes an easy installation program, complete localisation into Portuguese, and all the necessary software the university students might need to develop new applications.

6. aLinux
aLinux (formerly Peanut Linux) is an independently developed Linux distribution with RPM package management.

7. Alpine Linux
Alpine Linux is a community developed operating system designed for x86 routers, firewalls, VPNs, VoIP boxes and servers. It was designed with security in mind; it has proactive security features like PaX and SSP that prevent security holes in the software to be exploited. The C library used is uClibc and the base tools are all in BusyBox. Those are normally found in embedded systems and are smaller than the tools found in GNU/Linux systems.

8. ALT Linux
ALT Linux was founded in 2001 by a merge of two large Russian free software projects. By the year 2008 it became a large organization developing and deploying free software, writing documentation and technical literature, supporting users, and developing custom products. ALT Linux produces different types of distributions for various purposes. There are desktop distributions for home and office computers and for corporate servers, universal distributions that include a wide variety of development tools and documentation, certified products, distributions specialized for educational institutions, and distributions for low-powered computers. ALT Linux has its own development infrastructure and repository called Sisyphus, which provides the base for all the different editions of ALT Linux.

9. AnNyung Linux
AnNyung is an i686-optimised, server-oriented Korean Linux distribution based on the Red Hat/Fedora technology and with added security features.

10. antiX
antiX is a fast, lightweight and easy-to-install linux live CD distribution based on MEPIS and Debian's testing branch for Intel/AMD x86-compatible systems. antiX offers users the "Magic of MEPIS" in an environment suitable for old computers. The goal of antiX is to provide a light, but fully functional and flexible free operating system for both newcomers and experienced users of Linux. It should run on most computers, ranging from 64 MB PII systems with a pre-configured 128 MB swap partition to the latest powerful boxes. 128 MB RAM is the recommended minimum for antiX while the installer needs a minimum of 1.2 GB hard disk space. antiX can also be used as a fast-booting rescue CD.

11. APODIO
APODIO is a Linux live and installation DVD with a large collection of open source audio and video software, as well as graphical utilities for making system administration as simple and intuitive as possible. It is based on Ubuntu.

12. aptosid
The aptosid distribution is a desktop-oriented operating system and live CD based on the unstable branch of Debian GNU/Linux. Besides full compatibility with its parent, the distribution also offers a custom kernel with support for a wide variety of modern hardware devices, KDE as the default desktop environment, a rolling release cycle, and compliance with Debian's Free Software guidelines.

13. Arch Linux
Arch Linux is an independently developed, i686- and x86_64-optimised Linux distribution targeted at competent Linux users. It uses 'pacman', its home-grown package manager, to provide updates to the latest software applications with full dependency tracking. Operating on a rolling release system, Arch can be installed from a CD image or via an FTP server. The default install provides a solid base that enables users to create a custom installation. In addition, the Arch Build System (ABS) provides a way to easily build new packages, modify the configuration of stock packages, and share these packages with other users via the Arch Linux user repository.

14. ArchBang Linux
ArchBang Linux is a lightweight distribution based on Arch Linux. Using the Openbox window manager, it is fast, up-to-date and suitable for both desktop and portable systems.

15. ArcheOS
ArcheOS stands for Archaeological Operating System. It is a GNU/Linux live DVD distribution (versions 1.x based on PCLinuxOS, versions 2 and 3 on Kubuntu, version 4 on Debian GNU/Linux), with specialist software for archaeological purposes.

16. AriOS
AriOS is a user-friendly, Ubuntu-based distribution containing extra applications, multimedia codecs, Flash and Java plugins, many tweaks and a unique look and feel.

17. Ark Linux
Ark Linux is a Linux distribution designed especially for desktop use, primarily for people without prior Linux experience. Its main goal is ease of use, and the inclusion of many tools end users will need. Ark Linux is fully Open Source and Free Software, meaning, basically, you can freely redistribute it in both modified and unmodified form.

18. ARMA aka Omoikane GNU/Linux
Omoikane GNU/Linux, known as OGL, is a Japanese distribution based on Debian's testing branch. It has a user friendly installer based on Scheme and GTK+. The commercial branch of the Omoikane GNU/Linux is knows as ARMA - it includes the most popular Japanese input method "ATOK", RICHO True Type Fonts and other features. A free version of OGL, containing fewer packages, is available from FTP servers and mirrors.

19. ArtistX
ArtistX is a Ubuntu-based bootable DVD containing many free multimedia software packages for audio, 2D and 3D graphics, and video production. The goal of this project is to showcase the variety of multimedia software available on the GNU/Linux platform and to enable creative individuals to accomplish their tasks with the help of Free Software.

20. Asianux
Asianux is a Linux server operating system which is co-developed by Chinese Leading Linux vendor Red Flag Software Co., Ltd. and Japanese Linux vendor Miracle Linux Cooperation, aiming at the common-standard enterprise Linux platform for Enterprise systems in Asia. It provides enterprise customers with high reliability, scalability, manageability and better hardware and software compatibility. Asianux certification partner program will invite more hardware and software products to be certified on Asianux, and it will definitely help to reduce developing and certificating resources and provide Linux with high quality and low cost. Red Flag Software and Miracle will distribute and market Asianux without any modifications in each Linux distribution package in China and Japan. New products will be based on Asianux and each will be bundled with localised features in each country.

21. Astaro Security Gateway
Astaro offers an integrated software solution that provides superior performance in an all-in-one firewall. Its hardened operating system, stateful packet inspection, content filtering (virus & surf protection), application proxies and IPsec based VPN provides a powerful solution to today's security issues. It is designed to maximize your networks security without compromising its performance enabling telecommuters, branch offices, customers and suppliers to safely share critical business information. Our proprietary user interface, WebAdmin allows ease of use and manageability of all open source firewall components, as well as the Up2Date service via the Internet. It is easy to install with all components on one CD achieving simple implementation and integration to existing network environments.

22. AsteriskNOW
AsteriskNOW is a software appliance, a customized Linux distribution that includes Asterisk, the AsteriskGUI, and all other software needed for an Asterisk system. The world's leading open source telephony engine and toolkit, Asterisk can now be easily configured with a graphical interface. AsteriskNOW includes all the Linux components necessary to run, debug and build Asterisk. Since version 1.5, AsteriskNOW is based on CentOS (earlier versions were based on rPath Linux).

23. Asturix
Asturix is a desktop-oriented Linux distribution based on Kubuntu. Some of its features include easy-to-use design, integration of social and micro-blogging networks, integration of popular web-based applications, and ability to legally download and play music via Jamendo.com's free download service.

24. Aurora OS
Aurora OS started its life as Eeebuntu, an Ubuntu-based distribution optimised for ASUS Eee PC and other popular netbooks. In June 2010 the project was renamed to Aurora OS, with a goal to become a more general Linux distribution for the desktop with user-friendly features.

25. AUSTRUMI
AUSTRUMI is a business card size (50MB) bootable live CD Linux distribution. It is based on Slackware Linux with initialisation scripts borrowed from the Blin project.

26. BackTrack
BackTrack is an Ubuntu-based distribution with a collection of security and forensics tools. It was created by merging Auditor Security Linux with WHAX (formerly Whoppix).

27. Baltix GNU/Linux
Baltix GNU/Linux is an Ubuntu-based distribution designed primarily for Lithuanian and Latvian speakers, as well as other users from Europe's Baltic region. Besides standard software found in an Ubuntu release, Baltix also includes a variety of educational programs, games, vector graphic and diagram drawing software, WINE integration for running Windows applications, office clipart, and internationalisation features for the supported languages.

28. Bayanihan Linux
Bayanihan Linux is a complete open source-based desktop solution for office and school use. It is a package that includes an operating system, a word processor, spreadsheet program, presentation software, email facility, an internet browser, and a graphics editor. This complete system is packaged in a single easy-to-install CD. The word "Bayanihan" relates to a Filipino tradition where people in a community help their neighbour in physically moving their house to a different place. The most recent versions of Bayanihan Linux are based on Debian GNU/Linux; previous releases (3.1 and earlier) were based on Fedora Core and Red Hat Linux.

29. Bee Linux
Bee Linux is a Fedora-based desktop distribution and live DVD made in Algeria. It supports French, English, Arabic and Amazigh, and it features automatic hardware configuration (including USB ADSL modems), advance security management system, integration of WINE, popular Google applications, NVIDIA and ATI proprietary graphics drivers, and Xfce as the default desktop.

30. Berry Linux
Berry Linux is a bootable CD Linux with automatic hardware detection and support for many graphics cards, sound cards, SCSI and USB devices and other peripherals. Berry Linux can be used as a Linux demo, educational CD or as a rescue system. It is not necessary to install anything on a hard disk, although this option is also available (it needs 1.2GB of hard disk space). Berry Linux is based on Red Hat Linux and Knoppix.

31. Big Linux
Big Linux is a Brazilian Linux live CD with support for hard disk install and localised into Brazilian Portuguese. It is based on Kubuntu.

32. blackPanther OS
blackPanther OS is a Hungarian Linux distribution which borrows features from other major projects, including Mandriva Linux (graphical configuration tools), Fedora (graphical user interface) and Ubuntu (driver management). The distribution is designed for use at school, home and work as it contains applications for common daily tasks, such as time management, office work or media playback.

33. BLAG Linux And GNU
BLAG is a Linux distribution based on Fedora and reduced to one CD. It includes useful applications missing from Fedora, as well as a suite of graphics, Internet, audio, video, office, and peer-to-peer file sharing applications. BLAG is up-to-date with all Fedora errata fixes at time of release and uses Synaptic for easy upgrades. The name stands for Brixton Linux Action Group, which works to overthrow corporate control of information and technology through community action and to spread Free Software.

34. BlankOn
BlankOn is an Ubuntu-based distribution developed by the Indonesian Linux Mover Foundation and BlankOn developer team. It is an Indonesian distribution that includes a variety of software that is widely used by consumers in general, such as office programs, financial applications, Internet applications, drawing (both vector and bitmap), support for various multimedia file formats, as well as other interesting programs.

35. Bodhi Linux
Bodhi Linux is an Ubuntu-based distribution for the desktop featuring the elegant and lightweight Enlightenment window manager. The project, which integrates and pre-configures the very latest builds of Enlightenment directly from the project's development repository, offers modularity, high level of customisation, and choice of themes. The default Bodhi system is light -- the only pre-installed applications are Midori, LXTerminal, PCManFM, Leafpad and Synaptic -- but more software is available via Bodhi Software Center, a web-based software installation tool.

36. BOSS GNU/Linux
BOSS (Bharat Operating System Solutions) GNU/Linux is a Debian-based Linux distribution developed by C-DAC for enhancing the use of free and open source software in India. Made specifically for the Indian environment, it consists of a pleasing desktop environment coupled with Indian language support and other packages that are most relevant for use in the government domain.

37. Boston University Linux
Boston University Linux (or BU Linux for short) is a CentOS-based distribution specifically tailored for the Boston University environments. Among the more interesting enhancements are network installation, Kerberos authentication, tight default security, automatic security updates, OpenAFS file system, and extra software applications.

38. BRLix
BRLix GNU/Linux (formerly Famelix GNU/Linux) is a distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux. Its peculiarity lies in the adaptation of the user interface so that it resembles Windows Vista (or optionally Windows XP) as much as possible.

39. Burapha Linux
Burapha Linux Server is a free Linux distribution. It is a descendant of Burapha Linux 5.5, which in turn was a descendant of Slackware 10.x. Burapha Linux Server does not have any packages taken directly from Slackware; the project builds their own packages and have their own package manager. The primary purpose of development is for the computer science students to learn the infrastructure of a UNIX system, and to apply the acquired knowledge in research and projects.

40. CAELinux
CAELinux is a live DVD Linux distribution dedicated to computer-aided engineering (CAD) and finite element analysis. Based on Ubuntu, it features a full software solution for professional 3D FE analysis from CAD geometry. It includes the Salome 3D pre/post processor, Code_Aster non-linear/multi- physics FE solver, Code-Saturne and OpenFOAM CFD solvers, Elmer multiphysics suite, GMSH, Netgen and enGrid 3D meshers, GNU Octave, Rkward, wxMaxima, Scilab, and more.

41. CAINE
CAINE (Computer Aided INvestigative Environment) is an Ubuntu-based GNU/Linux live distribution created as a project of digital forensics. It offers a complete forensic environment that is organised to integrate existing software tools as software modules and to provide a friendly graphical interface. The main design objectives that CAINE aims to guarantee are: an interoperable environment that supports the digital investigator during the four phases of the digital investigation, a user-friendly graphical interface, and a semi-automated compilation of the final report.

42. Calculate Linux
Calculate Linux is a Gentoo-based family of three distinguished distributions. Calculate Directory Server (CDS) is a solution that supports Windows and Linux clients via LDAP + SAMBA, providing proxy, mail and Jabbers servers with streamlined user management. Calculate Linux Desktop (CLD) is a workstation and client distribution with KDE, GNOME or Xfce desktop that includes a wizard to configure a connection to Calculate Directory Server. Calculate Linux Scratch (CLS) is live CD with a build framework for creating a custom distribution.

43. Canaima GNU/Linux
Canaima GNU/Linux is a Venezuelan desktop distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux. It is primarily designed as a solution for the computers of National Public Administration in accordance with the presidential decree number 3.390 about the use of free technologies in National Public Administration in the country.

44. Caos Linux
Caos Linux NSA is a light-weight, fast, efficient, stable, and secure distribution of Linux that is appropriate for servers, compute nodes, network appliances, and even the latest desktop and laptop computers. It is maintained and managed by a team of computer science experts with numerous proven skills. With resources pooled together, they created a multifunctional operating system with mission critical dependability. Caos Linux is designed to run on all x86_64 and i386 hardware ranging from clusters and servers to production level appliances to personal desktops and laptops. Supporting a wide variety of software, Caos Linux is based on the best aspects of GNU/Linux and has full binary compatibility with the most popular enterprise distribution of Linux.

45. CCux Linux
CCux Linux is a free i686 distribution optimised for speed. All packages are built from scratch and not derived from any other distribution. It features a graphical QT/X11 based installation to provide an easy installation procedure even to unexperienced users. CCux Linux is especially designed for desktop use.

46. CDlinux
CDlinux is a compact Linux mini-distribution. It ships with an up-to-date version of the Linux kernel, X.Org, Xfce window manager, and many popular applications. It has good internationalisation and locale support, and is highly user-configurable.

47. CensorNet
CensorNet is an Internet Management Appliance designed to control and monitor individuals accessing Internet resources on a local area network. This dedicated server inspects all inbound and outbound data and decides, based on configurable rules, whether the individual or workstation concerned has the correct access profile to allow the request to be completed.

48. CentOS
CentOS as a group is a community of open source contributors and users. Typical CentOS users are organisations and individuals that do not need strong commercial support in order to achieve successful operation. CentOS is 100% compatible rebuild of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux, in full compliance with Red Hat's redistribution requirements. CentOS is for people who need an enterprise class operating system stability without the cost of certification and support.

49. Chakra GNU/Linux
Chakra GNU/Linux is a user-friendly and powerful distribution and live CD based on Arch Linux. It features a graphical installer, automatic hardware detection and configuration, the latest KDE desktop, and a variety of tools and extras.

50. ClearOS
ClearOS is a network and gateway server designed for small businesses and distributed environments. Based on CentOS, a clone of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the distribution includes an extensive list of features and integrated services which are easy to configure through an intuitive web-based interface. Some of the tools found in ClearOS include antivirus, antispam, VPN, content filtering, bandwidth manager, SSL certification, and web log analyser, just to name a few of the available modules. The distribution is provided as a free download, inclusive of basic OS updates for 18 months.

51. Clonezilla Live
Clonezilla Live is a Debian-based live CD containing Clonezilla, a partition and disk cloning software similar to Norton Ghost. It saves and restores only used blocks in hard drive. With Clonezilla, one can clone a 5 GB system to 40 clients in about 10 minutes.

52. Comfusion
Linux Comfusion (previously known as Uberyl) is a desktop Linux distribution that combines an Ubuntu base system with the latest 3D desktop technologies on a live DVD.

53. ConnochaetOS
ConnochaetOS (formerly DeLi Linux) is an Arch-based Linux distribution for old computers, from i486 to Pentium MMX 166. It's focused on desktop usage. It includes email clients, a graphical web browser, an office package with word processor and spreadsheet. A full install, including X window system and development tools, needs no more than 300 MB of hard disk space.

54. Coyote Linux
Coyote Linux Personal Firewall is a personal firewall distribution of Linux designed for the purpose of protecting a personal or educational network. In addition to being designed to have very low hardware requirements, Coyote Linux is able to provide the performance and uptime that is expected from any Linux based system. This firewall product is licensed for personal and educational use and is available free of charge.

55. CrunchBang Linux
CrunchBang Linux is an Debian-based distribution featuring the light-weight Openbox window manager and GTK+ applications. The distribution has been built from a minimal Debian system and customised to offer a good balance of speed and functionality. CrunchBang Linux is currently available as a live CD; however, the best performance is achieved by installing it to a hard disk.

56. CRUX
CRUX is a lightweight, i686-optimised Linux distribution targeted at experienced Linux users. The primary focus of this distribution is "keep it simple", which is reflected in a simple tar.gz-based package system, BSD-style initscripts, and a relatively small collection of trimmed packages. The secondary focus is utilization of new Linux features and recent tools and libraries.

57. CTKArchLive
CTKArchLive is a minimalist, Arch-based live CD using the Openbox window manager. It includes a text-based system installer, support for a number of popular file systems, and out-of-the-box support for English and French languages.

58. Càtix
Càtix is a Linux live DVD based on Debian GNU/Linux, offering support for the the Catalan language.

59. Damn Vulnerable Linux
Damn Vulnerable Linux (DVL) is a Slackware and Slax-based live DVD. The distribution, purposefully stuffed with broken, ill-configured, outdated and exploitable software, began life as a training system used during the author's university lectures. Its primary goal is to design a Linux system that is as vulnerable as possible -- in order to teach and demonstrate a variety of security topics, including reverse code engineering, buffer overflows, shell code development, web exploitation, and SQL injection.

60. Debian GNU/Linux
The Debian Project is an association of individuals who have made common cause to create a free operating system. This operating system is called Debian GNU/Linux, or simply Debian for short. Debian systems currently use the Linux kernel. Linux is a completely free piece of software started by Linus Torvalds and supported by thousands of programmers worldwide. Of course, the thing that people want is application software: programs to help them get what they want to do done, from editing documents to running a business to playing games to writing more software. Debian comes with over 20,000 packages (precompiled software that is bundled up in a nice format for easy installation on your machine) - all of it free. It's a bit like a tower. At the base is the kernel. On top of that are all the basic tools. Next is all the software that you run on the computer. At the top of the tower is Debian -- carefully organizing and fitting everything so it all works together.

61. Debris Linux
Debris Linux is a minimalist, desktop-oriented distribution and live CD based on Ubuntu. It includes the GNOME desktop and a small set of popular desktop applications, such as GNOME Office, Firefox web browser, Pidgin instant messenger, and ufw firewall manager. Debris Linux ships with a custom kernel, a custom system installer called DebI, and a script that makes it easy to save and restore any customisations made while in live mode.

62. DEFT Linux
DEFT (Digital Evidence & Forensic Toolkit) is a customised distribution of the Ubuntu live Linux CD. It is an easy-to-use system that includes excellent hardware detection and some of the best open-source applications dedicated to incident response and computer forensics.

63. DesktopBSD
DesktopBSD is an operating system based on FreeBSD and the FreeSBIE live CD. Its main goal is to provide a desktop operating system that is easy to use, but still has all the functionality and power of BSD. In the long term, DesktopBSD wants to build an operating system that meets most requirements desktop users have, like installing software, configuring power management or sharing an internet connection.

64. Devil-Linux
Devil-Linux is a CD-based Linux distribution for firewalls and routers. The goal of Devil-Linux is to have a small, customizable and secure (what is secure on the Internet?) Linux. The future of Devil-Linux will go far beyond an ordinary router, we will provide a lot of other services, but the distribution will still be easy and fast to maintain.

65. DigAnTel
DigAnTel is a free digital / analog VoIP telephone system based on CentOS and using Asterisk, FreePBX with VoicePulse module, Openfire, vtigerCRM, Postfix, OpenVPN, and automated Polycom Phone support. DigAnTel is the glue to bind these technologies, thus creating a unified telephony system for a home or small business. The installation is completely automated and doesn't require a working knowledge of Linux or Asterisk.

66. Draco GNU/Linux
Draco GNU/Linux is a distribution based on Slackware Linux and pkgsrc, a package management system developed by NetBSD. It is distributed in the form of a minimal base system, but a range of additional software packages is available for installation from the project's FTP server.

67. DragonFly BSD
DragonFly is an operating system and environment designed to be the logical continuation of the FreeBSD-4.x OS series. These operating systems belong in the same class as Linux in that they are based on UNIX ideals and APIs. DragonFly is a fork in the path, so to speak, giving the BSD base an opportunity to grow in an entirely new direction from the one taken in the FreeBSD-5 series.

68. Dragora GNU/Linux
Dragora GNU/Linux is a distribution created from scratch with the intention of providing a stable, multi-platform and multi-purpose operating system. It is built upon 100% free software. It has a very simple packaging system that allows installing, removing, upgrading and creating packages. Dragora can be an ideal distribution for those who wish to learn how a distribution works on the inside.

69. Dreamlinux
Dreamlinux is a Brazilian distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux. A live CD with a graphical hard disk installation option, it boots directly into an Xfce or GNOME desktops which provide access to a good collection of desktop applications and a central control panel for system configuration.

70. EasyPeasy
EasyPeasy (formerly Ubuntu Eee) is an Ubuntu-based distribution for netbooks. It uses Ubuntu Netbook Remix graphical user interface and includes open source as well as proprietary software.

71. Edubuntu
Edubuntu is a partner project of Ubuntu Linux, a distribution suitable for classroom use. The aim is that an educator with limited technical knowledge and skill will be able to set up a computer lab, or establish an on-line learning environment, in an hour or less, and then administer that environment without having to become a fully-fledged Linux geek.

72. Ekaaty Linux
Ekaaty Linux is a Brazilian community distribution based on Fedora Core. Its single-CD releases are geared towards desktop use in business and home environments, with KDE desktop, Smart package manager, BrOffice.org office suite, Kontact personal information management suite, and antivirus/antispam tools forming the backbone of the distribution. Ekaaty Linux supports English and Portuguese languages only.

73. Elastix
Elastix is a Linux distribution that integrates the best tools available for Asterisk-based Private Branch Exchanges (PBX) into a single, easy-to-use interface. It also adds its own set of utilities and allows for the creation of third-party modules to make it an excellent software package available for open source telephony. Based on CentOS.

74. Element
Element is an Ubuntu-based distribution for home theatre or media-centre personal computers featuring a ten-foot user interface and designed to be connected to a HDTV for a digital media and Internet experience within the comforts of a living room or entertainment area. Element comes pre-loaded with dozens of applications that will allow listening to, viewing, and managing music, videos, photos, and Internet media.

75. Elive
Elive, or Enlightenment live CD, is a Debian-based desktop Linux distribution and live CD featuring the Enlightenment window manager. Besides being pre-configured and ready for daily desktop use, it also includes "Elpanel" - a control centre for easy system and desktop administration. Elive is a commercial distribution; while the live CD is available as a free download, those wishing to install it to a hard disk are asked to pay US$15 for an installation module.

76. Endian Firewall
Endian Firewall is a Unified Threat Management (UTM) Appliance that protects networks and improves connectivity. Based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Endian Firewall is 100% open source and includes a wide variety of features, such as stateful inspection firewall, HTTP/FTP anti-virus, content filter, POP3/SMTP anti-virus, anti-phishing and anti-spam tools, true SSL/TLS VPN, IDS, and other features.

77. EnGarde Secure Linux
EnGarde Secure Linux is a server-oriented open source operating system that provides services like web, DNS and email simply and securely while eliminating the need for time-consuming "hardening" by the user. EnGarde offers integrated intrusion detection, advanced kernel and network security features, and graphical auditing and reporting - all controlled through Guardian Digital WebTool, a simplified browser-based management system.

78. Epidemic GNU/Linux
Epidemic GNU/Linux is a Brazilian desktop Linux distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux. Its main features are the KDE desktop, easy-to-use installer, 3D desktop features with CompizFusion, use of the GFXBoot bootloader, out-of-the-box support for numerous proprietary and non-free kernel drivers, and support for a variety of media codecs.

79. Estrella Roja
Estrella Roja (formerly Red Star GNU/Linux) is a Debian-based distribution and live CD for the desktop. Developed in Argentina, it is primarily designed for Spanish-speaking users.

80. ESUN Linux
ESUN Linux is an Ubuntu-based distribution containing free software for enterprise management. Developed at the University of Tarapaca in Chile, the project's goal is to deliver a new alternative to students, teachers and the community at large. The distribution includes software for enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), project management, accounting, electronic commerce, human resources, office and database.

81. Evinux
Evinux is a Linux live CD based on Knoppix, but with light-weight window managers - Fluxbox and XFce. It is developed by Linucie.net, a French organisation for promoting Free Software and GNU/Linux.

82. ExTIX
ExTIX is a desktop Linux distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux.

83. Fedora
The Fedora Project is an openly-developed project designed by Red Hat, open for general participation, led by a meritocracy, following a set of project objectives. The goal of The Fedora Project is to work with the Linux community to build a complete, general purpose operating system exclusively from open source software. Development will be done in a public forum. The project will produce time-based releases of Fedora about 2-3 times a year, with a public release schedule. The Red Hat engineering team will continue to participate in building Fedora and will invite and encourage more outside participation than in past releases. By using this more open process, we hope to provide an operating system more in line with the ideals of free software and more appealing to the open source community.

84. Fermi Linux
Fermi Linux LTS (Long Term Support) is a site distribution based on Scientific Linux, which is in essence Red Hat Enterprise Linux, recompiled. It is Scientific Linux with Fermilab's security hardening and customised configurations to allow an administrator to install Fermi Linux and have the machine meet Fermilab's security requirements with little or no extra configuration. Since Fermi Linux LTS is based on Scientific Linux, it shares it's goal that if a program runs and is certified on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, then it will run on the corresponding Fermi Linux LTS release.

85. Finnix
Finnix is a small, self-contained, bootable Linux CD distribution for system administrators, based on Debian GNU/Linux. You can use it to mount and manipulate hard drives and partitions, monitor networks, rebuild boot records, install other operating systems, and much more.

86. Foresight Linux
Foresight Linux is a desktop operating system, based on rPath Linux, featuring an intuitive user interface and showcasing the latest desktop software. As a Linux distribution, Foresight sets itself apart by eliminating the need for the user to be familiar with Linux, combining a user-focused desktop environment on top of the Conary package management system. As the most technically innovative software management system available today, Conary ensures that users can efficiently search, install, and manage all the software on the Foresight system, including bringing in the latest features and fixes without waiting for a major release.

87. FreeBSD
FreeBSD is a UN*X-like operating system for the i386, IA-64, PC-98, Alpha/AXP, and UltraSPARC platforms based on U.C. Berkeley's "4.4BSD-Lite" release, with some "4.4BSD-Lite2" enhancements. It is also based indirectly on William Jolitz's port of U.C. Berkeley's "Net/2" to the i386, known as "386BSD", though very little of the 386BSD code remains. FreeBSD is used by companies, Internet Service Providers, researchers, computer professionals, students and home users all over the world in their work, education and recreation.

88. FreeNAS
FreeNAS is a tiny FreeBSD-based operating system which provides free Network-Attached Storage (NAS) services (CIFS, FTP and NFS).

89. Frenzy
Frenzy is a portable system administrator toolkit, a live CD based on FreeBSD. It generally contains software for hardware tests, file system check, security check and network setup and analysis.

90. Frugalware Linux
Frugalware Linux is an independently developed general purpose desktop Linux distribution designed for intermediate users. It follows simple Slackware-like design concepts and includes the "pacman" package management utility from Arch Linux.

91. FuguIta
FuguIta is an OpenBSD live CD featuring portable workplace, low hardware requirements, additional software, and partial support for Japanese. This live CD is intended to be as close as possible to the default OpenBSD when installed on a hard disk.

92. Fusion Linux
Fusion Linux is a Fedora remix that adds all the best software that is available for Linux (free, non-free and even some non-open source firmware and applications for better user experience). It is an installable live DVD image that includes multimedia functionality out of the box, with added desktop tweaks for better usability, and additional software. Fusion Linux is 100% compatible with Fedora, including packages from Fedora and RPM Fusion software repositories.

93. GALPon MiniNo
GALPon MiniNo is a lightweight, Debian-based distribution designed for PCs that are 10 years old (or more), though it's also perfectly usable on modern computers and netbooks. It contains a carefully tuned selection of applications that try to maintain a balance between features, ease of use and speed. IceWM with ROX-Filer and PCManFM provides the desktop. The distribution has full support for three languages (English, Galician and Spanish) and it also comes with "magic icons" - a set of tools that automate repetitive or system tasks (e.g. rotate or resize hundreds of digital images, convert audio or video files into other formats or burn an audio CD with a simple drag & drop).

94. GeeXboX
GeeXboX is a full operating system, running under Linux and based on the excellent MPlayer. No need of hard drive, you just have to put the GeeXboX bootable CD into the CD-Drive of any pentium-class computer to boot it. Moreover, GeeXboX is a free software, created thanks to many open-source software. This means that everyone can modify it and build his own release of the GeeXboX. You may wonder why you could have to boot on another operating system to play your media files, but just think about the Mini-ITX plateforms like VIA Epia/Eden or Shuttle barebones. It's now affordable to bring DivX to your home cinema, plugging this kind of computers directly to your TV. At the time of the first development release (December 2002), it was only able to play DivX movies, but for now, nearly every kind of media files can be played from GeeXboX.

95. Gentoo Linux
Gentoo Linux is a versatile and fast, completely free Linux distribution geared towards developers and network professionals. Unlike other distros, Gentoo Linux has an advanced package management system called Portage. Portage is a true ports system in the tradition of BSD ports, but is Python-based and sports a number of advanced features including dependencies, fine-grained package management, "fake" (OpenBSD-style) installs, safe unmerging, system profiles, virtual packages, config file management, and more.

96. Gentoox
Gentoox is an adaptation of the popular Linux distribution called Gentoo. It is compiled from Stage 1 with full optimisations to run on a Microsoft Xbox games console. Software or hardware mods are required.

97. GhostBSD
GhostBSD it is a user-friendly, GNOME-based FreeBSD distribution in the form of an installable live CD. Besides developing the live CD, the project's other goal is to improve the GNOME desktop experience on a FreeBSD system.

98. Gibraltar Firewall
Gibraltar is a Debian GNU/Linux-based firewall package which is bootable directly from CD-ROM, so hard disk installation is not necessary. The configuration data is optionally stored on hard disk, floppy disk or an USB storage device. Gibraltar was specifically developed for small-sized to medium-enterprises and fulfils all demands for an up-to-date firewall package. In times where the threats of viruses, worms, trojan horses or hackers are increasing rapidly, Gibraltar offers you an extensive protection of your internet connection. Gibraltar works with every sort of internet-connection. Whether there you are using a permanent cable, DSL or dial-up connection, Gibraltar takes care that your internet-connection is safe. Besides the commercial release of Gibraltar, there is as well a freely available release.

99. GnackTrack
GnackTrack is an Ubuntu-based distribution and live CD featuring a collection of utilities for penetration testing.

100. gNewSense
A product sponsored by the Free Software Foundation, gNewSense is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution released without any proprietary and non-free components, and several enhancements. Notably, all proprietary firmware, restricted modules and Ubuntu logos are removed, while the "Universe" repository is enabled by default and several GNU applications, such as Emacs and development libraries, as well as bsdgames and NetHack, are included in the default installation. The goal of the project is to produce a totally free (libre) Linux distribution.

101. GNOBSD
GNOBSD is an OpenBSD-based live DVD which boots into a GNOME desktop and which includes a graphical system installer (written in Ruby) for transferring the system to a hard disk or a USB storage device. The system includes some popular desktop applications, such as Mozilla Firefox and MPlayer.

102. GNUstep Live CD
GNUstep live CD is a Debian-based Linux distribution containing GNUstep, network tools, multimedia software and games. GNUstep is an implementation of the OPENSTEP and Cocoa frameworks.

103. GParted LiveCD
GParted LiveCD is a business card-size live CD distribution with a single purpose - to provide tools for partitioning hard disks in an intuitive, graphical environment. The distribution uses X.Org, the light-weight Fluxbox window manager, and the latest 2.6 Linux kernel. GParted LiveCD runs on most x86 machines with a Pentium II or better.

104. Greenie Linux
Greenie Linux is a Slovak desktop distribution based on Ubuntu and optimised for users in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Created as an operating system for every-day use, Greenie Linux combines a set of applications for home use, out-of-the-box functionality and Ubuntu repositories. The goal of this distribution is to create a user-friendly desktop system and a useful live CD.

105. Grml
Grml is a bootable CD (live CD) based on Debian GNU/Linux. It includes a collection of GNU/Linux software especially for users of text tools and system administrators. It also provides automatic hardware detection. Grml can be used as a rescue system, for analysing systems and networks, or as a working environment. Due to on-the-fly decompression, Grml includes about 2 GB of software and documentation on the CD.

106. Guadalinex
Guadalinex is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu and developed by the government of Andalucía (Junta de Andalucía) in Spain.

107. Hacao Linux
Hacao Linux is a Vietnamese desktop distribution based on Puppy Linux. The project's main purpose is to provide a complete, yet light-weight operating system that can run on low-specification computers. The entire user interface of Hacao Linux has been translated into Vietnamese.

108. Helix
Helix is a customised distribution based on Ubuntu with excellent hardware detection and many applications dedicated to incident response and forensics.

109. Honeywall CDROM
Honeywall CDROM is a CentOS-based distribution with the goal of capturing the activities of cyber threats and analysing the captured data. It has a GUI-based interface for system configuration, administration, and data analysis, and supports the new 3.x branch of Sebek. The CD, release under the General Public License, is a product of the Honeynet Project, a non-profit organisation dedicated to improving the security of the Internet by providing cutting-edge research for free.

110. Hymera
Hymera is an Italian desktop Linux distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux. Its main features are ease of installation and out-of-the box support for 3D desktop effects. The distribution is developed by Hymera Engineering and released under the GNU General Public Licence.

111. IDMS Linux
IDMS Linux is a specialised distribution focused on stability and mission critical operation, normally required in server environments.

112. iMagic OS
iMagic OS is a commercial desktop Linux distribution based on Kubuntu. Its major features are ease of use, bleeding-edge desktop, easy installation, and compatibility with Microsoft software.

113. Imagineos
Imagineos (formerly GoblinX) is a bootable live CD distribution based on Slackware Linux. The primary goal for Imagineos is to create a more pleasant and functional desktop, standardising all icons and themes to make it easy for novice users to learn about available applications.

114. Inquisitor
Inquisitor is an open-source hardware diagnostics, stress testing, certification and monitoring system, suitable for both enterprise and home use. Based on Debian/GNU Linux, it is customizable, modular and available in both serverless live CD/DVD format and server-controlled network boot production system.

115. Insigne Linux
Insigne Linux is a Brazilian desktop Linux distribution and live CD based on Debian's testing branch.

116. IPCop Firewall
IPCop Linux is a complete Linux Distribution whose sole purpose is to protect the networks it is installed on. After seeing the direction certain Linux Distributions were heading in, a group of dissatisfied users/developers decided that there was little reason for the idea of a GPL Linux Firewall Distribution of such potential to be, simply, extinguished. By implementing existing technology, outstanding new technology and secure programming practices IPCop is the Linux Distribution for those wanting to keep their computers/networks safe. The IPCop Linux Team is dedicated to doing the very best job possible to keep your systems safe, as you can see on our site. "The Bad Packets Stop Here!"

117. IPFire
IPFire is a Linux distribution that focusses on easy setup, good handling and high level of security. It is operated via an intuitive web-based interface which offers many configuration options for beginning and experienced system administrators. IPFire is maintained by developers who are concerned about security and who update the product regularly to keep it secure. IPFire ships with a custom package manager called Pakfire and the system can be expanded with various add-ons.

118. Jibbed
Jibbed is a (non-installable) live CD based on NetBSD. It is built from the latest NetBSD sources from the HEAD branch. The third-party applications provided on the CD are the latest versions, including experimental packages from wip-pkgsrc.

119. Joli OS
Joli OS is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution for netbooks. It is geared towards extreme user-friendliness so that any computer user can install it with just one click. Besides the standard ISO image, the distribution is also provided as a Windows executable file which can resize an existing Windows partition and install Joli OS as an alternative operating system. Other Joli OS features include heavy orientation towards web application and services, online backup option, web-based software installation interface, inclusion of proprietary hardware drivers and non-free media codecs, and extensive social networking features.

120. JoLinux
JoLinux is a Brazilian desktop Linux distribution for x86_64 platforms based on Slackware Linux.

121. K12Linux
K12Linux is Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP.org) integrated with Fedora, in a convenient Live USB or DVD media installer. Since 1999, LTSP has empowered many schools and businesses with Linux-based terminal servers and thin clients, allowing low-cost clients or recycled computers to become powerful Linux desktop machines. K12Linux allows easy deployment of a Linux terminal server, capable of serving entire networks of netboot diskless clients. Clients login to the central terminal server, where they can use any Linux desktop environment and most desktop applications. Significant long-term cost savings are made possible by central management of software and accounts.

122. kademar Linux
The kademar Linux distribution is a complete desktop Linux operating system based on Debian GNU/Linux. Compared to its parent, it includes more intuitive system management and better hardware support, including support for Bluetooth, WiFi, ACPI power management, NTFS, Lightscribe, USB, web cams, TDT/DVB, and other devices. The distribution supports English, Spanish, and Catalan languages and provides separate DVD edition with more applications as well as a light-weight edition for older computers. The distribution also includes a graphical system configuration tool called CADI.

123. KahelOS
KahelOS is a Linux distribution based on Arch Linux. Its desktop edition comes with pre-configured GNOME as the default desktop environment, GNOME Office productivity suite, Epiphany web browser, GIMP image manipulation program, and other popular GTK+ and GNOME applications. Like Arch Linux, KahelOS maintains a rolling-release model of updating software packages using its parent's repositories. A server edition is also available. Both the desktop and server editions come in the form of installation CDs with text-based installers, but no live media.

124. KANOTIX
KANOTIX is a Linux distribution based on the latest stable release of Debian GNU/Linux. It is built on top of a latest kernel which is carefully patched with fixes and drivers for most modern hardware. Although it can be used as a live CD, it also includes a graphical installer for hard disk installation. The user-friendly nature of the distribution is further enhanced by a custom-built control centre and specialist scripts.

125. Karoshi
Karoshi is a free and open source school server operating system based on Ubuntu. Karoshi provides a simple graphical interface that allows for quick installation, setup and maintenance of a network.

126. Kiwi Linux
Kiwi Linux is a modified Ubuntu live CD for the i386 architecture. It includes Romanian and Hungarian localisations, multimedia codecs, encrypted DVD support, Flash and Java plugins for Firefox, PPPoE GUI for accessing local Internet services (Clicknet and RDS) and write support for NTFS partitions.

127. Knoppel
Knoppel is a Greek distribution for the desktop, based on Debian's testing branch.

128. KNOPPIX
Knoppix is a bootable CD with a collection of GNU/Linux software, automatic hardware detection, and support for many graphics cards, sound cards, SCSI and USB devices and other peripherals. Knoppix can be used as a Linux demo, educational CD, rescue system, or adapted and used as a platform for commercial software product demos. It is not necessary to install anything on a hard disk. Due to on-the-fly decompression, the CD can have up to 2 GB of executable software installed on it.

129. KnoSciences
KnoSciences is a Knoppix-based bootable CD with a collection of GNU/Linux software, automatic hardware detection, and support for many graphics cards, sound cards, SCSI and USB devices and other peripherals. It is designed for use in educational institutions.

130. Kongoni GNU/Linux
Kongoni GNU/Linux is a Slackware-based, desktop-oriented GNU/Linux distribution and live CD. Its main features include a graphical installer, a Kongoni Integrated Setup System (KISS), and an easy-to-use Ports Installation GUI (PIG). The distribution's package management borrows its main concepts from BSD ports, with an intuitive graphical package installer that compiles and installs programs from source code on the user's system.

131. Kororaa Linux
Kororaa Linux was born out of a desire to make Linux easier to use for non-experts. While it has a long history based on Gentoo, in 2010 it was reborn as a Fedora remix and live DVD using a customised KDE as the default desktop. It includes various tweaks and extras to make the system "just work" out of the box.

132. Kubuntu
Kubuntu is a free, user-friendly Linux distribution based on KDE's desktop software and on the award-winning Ubuntu operating system. It has a biannual release cycle and at least 18 months of free security updates for each release. Besides providing an up-to-date version of the KDE desktop at the time of the release, the project also releases updated KDE packages throughout the lifetime of each release.

133. Kwort Linux
Kwort is a Slackware-based Linux distribution that uses the GTK+ toolkit and Xfce desktop. Its most prominent feature is a package manager, called kpkg, for retrieving packages from download mirrors.

134. Legacy OS
Legacy OS (formerly TEENpup Linux) is a distribution based on Puppy Linux. Although the original concept was to create a flavour of Puppy Linux with more applications and a more appealing desktop aimed at teenage users, Legacy OS has now grown to become a general purpose distribution. It comes with a large number of applications, browser plugins and media codecs as standard software. Despite these enhancements Legacy OS is still perfectly suitable for installation on older and low-resource computers, as well as modern hardware.

135. LinEx
LinEx is a Linux distribution developed by the Extremadura Regional Government in Spain. gnuLinEx is based on Debian GNU/Linux, a distribution that, thanks to its design, makes it easy to create other distributions that can inherit its advantages and get rid of some of its faults (for example, the difficulty of setup and configuration). By using a modified Debian distribution, the Extremadura Regional Government has benefited from the fact that there is a large amount of varied software for it.

136. LinHES
LinHES is an attempt to make the installation of GNU/Linux and MythTV as trivial as possible. It includes everything needed to get your set-top box up and running in as little time as possible. LinHES is based on Arch Linux and is targeted at anyone looking for a set-top box solution.

137. Linpus Linux
Linpus Linux is a commercial, Fedora-based distribution developed by Linpus Technologies, a Linux company with headquarters in Taipei, Taiwan and a development office in Shanghai, China. The product's main features are support for both traditional and simplified Chinese, LSB 2.0 certification, support for Unicode character sets, friendly KDE desktop, and compatibility with a wide range of computer hardware.

138. Linux Caixa Mágica
Caixa Mágica is a Portuguese Linux distribution based on Mandriva Linux.

139. Linux Deepin
Linux Deepin (formerly Hiweed GNU/Linux) is an easy-to-use Chinese distribution based on Ubuntu. Its features include preconfigured Chinese applications and tools, such as Chinese (simplified) input method called Yong, the Evermore office suite, Chinese-English and English-Chinese dictionaries, and Chinese (simplified) TrueType fonts. It also features a customised start menu, a Mac OS X-like application launcher, and other usability enhancements.

140. Linux From Scratch
Linux From Scratch (LFS) is a project that provides you with the steps necessary to build your own custom Linux system. There are a lot of reasons why somebody would want to install an LFS system. The question most people raise is "why go through all the hassle of manually installing a Linux system from scratch when you can just download an existing distribution like Debian or Redhat". That is a valid question which I hope to answer for you. The most important reason for LFS's existence is teaching people how a Linux system works internally. Building an LFS system teaches you about all that makes Linux tick, how things work together, and depend on each other. And most importantly, how to customize it to your own taste and needs.

141. Linux LiveCD Router
Linux LiveCD Router is a Linux distribution designed to share a broadband connection over WiFi. It can be used with DSL, cable modem, T1, ISDN, and dial-up connections. It can also be used it as a firewall, or as an access point for most WiFi cards. Linux LiveCD Router does not require any installation, but requires a dedicated computer to boot and run the CD.

142. Linux Mangaka
Linux Mangaka is a desktop Linux distribution originally designed primarily for the fans of Japanese Manga and Anime, but eventually evolving into a complete, beginner-friendly operating system with complete multimedia support. Based on Ubuntu with GNOME and Google desktop, the distribution includes a large variety of programs for graphics design, many freely available Google applications, a number of games, and an innovative set of desktop themes.

143. Linux Mint
Linux Mint is an Ubuntu-based distribution whose goal is to provide a more complete out-of-the-box experience by including browser plugins, media codecs, support for DVD playback, Java and other components. It also adds a custom desktop and menus, several unique configuration tools, and a web-based package installation interface. Linux Mint is compatible with Ubuntu software repositories.

144. Linux XP
Linux XP Professional Edition is a universal and secure operating system for Russian speakers designed for home and business use. It is based on freely available sources from Red Hat Linux and Fedora Core.

145. Linux-EduCD
Linux-EduCD is a PCLinuxOS-based live DVD developed by Poland's SIMP Studium Techniki. It focuses on education, graphics, office and multimedia use and is designed specifically for use in Polish educational institutions.

146. linuX-gamers Live DVD
The linuX-gamers Live DVD is a bootable medium with a collection of popular 3D games. It contains both the NVIDIA and ATI proprietary Linux drivers and includes the following games: BzFLag, Enemy Territory, Glest, Nexuiz, Sauerbraten, Torcs, Tremulous, True Combat: Elite, Warsow and World of Padman. Although the live DVD is based on Arch Linux, it does not offer any desktop Linux functionality except gaming.

147. LinuxConsole
LinuxConsole is an independently developed Linux live CD with different editions designed for desktops, servers, gaming consoles, and old computers. Its primary characteristics are easy installation, extensive choice of software in the form of modules, and excellent hardware detection.

148. LinuxTLE
LinuxTLE is a community Linux distribution developed in Thailand and designed for the Thai speaking audience. The early versions were based on Red Hat Linux and Fedora Core, but starting with version 8.0, the developers have chosen Ubuntu as the distribution's new base system.

149. Litrix Linux
Litrix is a desktop Linux distribution and live DVD based on Gentoo Linux.

150. LliureX
LliureX is a project of the Council of Culture, Education and Sport at the Municipality of Valencia, Spain. The LliureX distribution is an Edubuntu-based live and installation DVD with support for Valencian (a dialect of Catalan) and Spanish. It is intended as an operating system for educational institutions in the Valencia region. LliureX uses exclusively Free Software and is distributed free of charge.

151. Lubuntu
Lubuntu is a fast, lightweight and energy-saving variant of Ubuntu using the LXDE (Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment) desktop. It is intended to have low-resource system requirements and is designed primarily for netbooks, mobile devices and older PCs.

152. Lunar Linux
Lunar is a source based Linux distribution with a unique package management system which builds each software package, or module, for the machine it is being installed on. Though it can take a while to do a complete Lunar installation it's worth it as it tends to be quite fast, once installed! In the beginning Lunar was a fork of Sorcerer GNU Linux (SGL). The fork occurred in late January to early February of 2002 and was originally made up of a small group of people who wanted to collaboratively develop and extend the Sorcerer technology. The original name for the project was Lunar-Penguin but the group decided to re-christen it Lunar Linux while the Lunar-Penguin name has become a sort of umbrella which the team could use if they decide to collaboratively develop something besides Lunar Linux.

153. m0n0wall
m0n0wall is a project aimed at creating a complete, embedded firewall software package that, when used together with an embedded PC, provides all the important features of commercial firewall boxes (including ease of use) at a fraction of the price (free software). m0n0wall is based on a bare-bones version of FreeBSD, along with a web server (thttpd), PHP and a few other utilities. The entire system configuration is stored in one single XML text file to keep things transparent. m0n0wall is probably the first UNIX system that has its boot-time configuration done with PHP, rather than the usual shell scripts, and that has the entire system configuration stored in XML format.

154. Macpup
Macpup is a minimalist desktop Linux distribution based on Puppy Linux. It uses Enlightenment as the default window manager and provides a user interface resembling that of Apple's Mac OS X.

155. Madbox Linux
Madbox Linux is a lightweight, Ubuntu-based Linux distribution featuring the Openbox window manager, the SLiM display manager, and a simplified desktop configuration system.

156. Mageia
Mageia is a fork of Mandriva Linux formed in September 2010 by former employees and contributors to the popular French Linux distribution. Unlike Mandriva, which is a commercial entity, the Mageia project is a community project and a non-profit organisation whose goal is to develop a free Linux-based operating system.

157. Magic Linux
Magic Linux is a new distribution, which is specifically designed for Chinese users. Magic Linux is a non-commercial production completely developed by Linux enthusiasts with a simple motive in mind: say farewell to endless Chinese localisations from one Linux distribution to another and bring the native Chinese support to your desktop.

158. Mandriva Linux
Mandriva Linux was launched in 1998 under the name of Mandrake Linux, with the goal of making Linux easier to use for everyone. At that time, Linux was already well-known as a powerful and stable operating system that demanded strong technical knowledge and extensive use of the command line; MandrakeSoft saw this as an opportunity to integrate the best graphical desktop environments and contribute its own graphical configuration utilities to quickly become famous for setting the standard in Linux ease of use. In February 2005, MandrakeSoft merged with Brazil's Conectiva to form Mandriva S.A., with headquarters in Paris, France. The company's flagship product, Mandriva Linux, offers all the power and stability of Linux to both individuals and professional users in an easy-to-use and pleasant environment.

159. MAX: Madrid_Linux
Madrid_Linux, or MAX for short, is an GNU/Linux distribution created by the Council of Education of Madrid, Spain. It is a live operating system based on Ubuntu. Besides the ability to boot the operating system on any computer, the distribution includes a graphical installer with an option to resize FAT or NTFS partition and create space for installing MAX on a hard disk.

160. MCNLive
MCNLive is a Mandriva-based distribution designed to run from a USB Flash drive or a CD. It aims to be a user-friendly and complete mobile Linux solution for desktops and notebooks, running in live mode with dynamic hardware detection. It is developed by Mandrivaclub.nl.

161. MeeGo
MeeGo is an open-source Linux project which brings together the Moblin project, headed up by Intel, and Maemo, by Nokia, into a single open-source activity. It includes performance optimisations and features which enable the development of computational and graphically oriented applications and connected services, support for Internet standards, easy-to-use development environment based on Qt, and state-of-the-art Linux stack optimised for the size and capabilities of small footprint platforms and mobile devices. MeeGo currently targets platforms such as netbooks and entry-level desktops, handheld computing and communications devices, in-vehicle infotainment devices, connected TVs, and media phones.

162. MEPIS Linux
MEPIS Linux is a Debian-based desktop Linux distribution designed for both personal and business purposes. It includes cutting-edge features such as a live, installation and recovery CD, automatic hardware configuration, NTFS partition resizing, ACPI power management, WiFi support, anti-aliased TrueType fonts, a personal firewall, KDE, and much more.

163. MidnightBSD
MidnightBSD is a FreeBSD-derived operating system. A critical goal of the project is to create an easy-to-use desktop environment with graphical ports management, and system configuration using GNUstep. The vast majority of the operating system will maintain a BSD license. MidnightBSD was forked from FreeBSD 6.1 beta.

164. MilaX
MilaX is a small-size live-CD distribution which runs completely off a CD or a USB storage device. It is based on OpenSolaris Nevada and includes its basic features. It originally started as an experiment to see how much OpenSolaris software could fit on a mini-CD, but it eventually became a full-fledged OpenSolaris distribution. It is also possible to use MilaX as a rescue CD. It can be installed on storage media with a small capacity, including bootable business cards, USB flash drives, memory cards, and Zip drives. MilaX is free to use, modify and distribute.

165. MINIX
MINIX is a UNIX-like computer operating system based on a microkernel architecture. It is extremely small, with the part that runs in kernel mode in about 5,000 lines of source code, while the parts that run in user mode are divided into small, insulated modules which enhance system reliability. Originally designed as an educational tool, the latest versions of MINIX are also targetted at embedded systems and low-power laptops. By the project's own admission, MINIX is work in progress and is nowhere near as mature as BSD or Linux. It is released under a BSD-type licence.

166. Miracle Linux
Miracle Linux is a Linux distribution completely re-engineered as a secure, high performance back-end server for business workgroups in the enterprise. Miracle Linux exists in several editions: Miracle Linux for Samba, Miracle Linux for PostgreSQL, Miracle Linux with Oracle and Miracle Linux Server OS, all of which are based on Miracle Linux Standard Edition. New editions for the IA-64 platform and for mission critical applications with clustering capabilities are currently being developed.

167. MirOS BSD
MirOS is an operating system based on OpenBSD and synchronised with the ongoing development of its parent. The most important differences between OpenBSD and MirOS include a completely rewritten bootloader and boot manager, a slim base system without NIS, Kerberos, BIND and i18n, binary security updates for stable releases, and current versions of the GNU developer toolchain.

168. Moblin
Moblin is an open source project focused on building a Linux-based platform optimised for mobile devices including netbooks, mobile Internet devices, and in-vehicle infotainment systems. The central piece of the architecture is an independent layer that provides one uniform way to develop such devices. Underneath the Moblin Core sits the Linux kernel and device drivers specific to the hardware platform, and above the Moblin Core are the specific user interface and user interaction model for the target device.

169. MoLinux
MoLinux is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution developed by the government of Castilla la Mancha in Spain.

170. Momonga Linux
Momonga Linux is a Linux distribution developed in a "bazaar" model style among its user community. Why momonga? you may wonder... A momonga (aka Pteromys momonga) is a flying squirrel found both in Europe and Asia. It's an animal known for a self-asserting behaviour, despite its small size. We, at the Momonga Project, like the momonga, may be small and not well-known, but we do express ourselves without fear or favour, so hopefully a new user can feel our enthusiasm and belief from the Momonga Linux. Also, an installer for Momonga Linux is also called momonga. Taking over its name, it does the job quickly and efficiently, just like a momonga.

171. Monomaxos
Monomaxos is an Ubuntu-based distribution whose purpose is to provide a complete out-of-the-box functional Linux operating system by including browser plugins, media codecs, support for DVD playback, Java, Flash and other components. It also adds a custom desktop and menus, and a modified Wubi installer for making installation very easy. Monomaxos is compatible with Ubuntu software repositories.

172. moonOS
moonOS is a complete, Ubuntu-based distribution featuring the LXDE and Enlightenment 17 desktop managers and imaginative, original artwork. A project created and designed by Cambodian artist Chanrithy Thim, moonOS is intended as an operating system for any desktop, laptop or virtual machine.

173. Musix GNU/Linux
Musix GNU+Linux is a Debian-based distribution featuring a collection of free software for audio production, graphic design and video editing.

174. Myrinix
Myrinix is smart and centralised operating system for the home. Its main feature is the ability to connect a plasma TV or large LCD screen to a central server that can record and play DVD or surf the Internet on the big screen. Myrinix is a live CD based on Debian GNU/Linux and sidux.

175. Mythbuntu
Mythbuntu is an Ubuntu-based distribution and live CD focused upon setting up a standalone MythTV system similar to KnoppMyth or Mythdora. It can be used to install a standalone frontend, backend, or combination machines. Mythbuntu uses Xfce as its default desktop and provides a graphical Control Centre to configure the system.

176. MythDora
MythDora is a specialized Linux distribution based on Fedora and MythTV, designed to simplify the installation of MythTV on a home theatre PC. In addition to MythTV and its plugins, MythDora includes extra Linux packages that are necessary for MythTV to run, and drivers for hardware commonly encountered in machines intended to run MythTV. Also included in MythDora are several video game emulators, and extra tools and scripts.

177. Nature's Linux
Nature's Linux is a Linux-based operating system developed by Japan's Nature's Linux Alliance. Its main focus is security.

178. NeoShine Linux
NeoShine Linux is a Red Hat-based Linux distribution developed by Chinasoft Network Technology Company in Beijing, China.

179. NepaLinux
NepaLinux is a Debian-based live and installation CD localised into the Nepali language, complete with Nepali fonts, input method, spell and grammar checker, dictionary, and GNOME theme. Besides the distribution, the project also provides extensive documentation for localisation into Nepali under Linux and is the leading advocate of open source software in the country.

180. NetBSD
NetBSD is a free, secure, and highly portable UNIX-like Open Source operating system available for many platforms, from 64-bit AlphaServers and desktop systems to handheld and embedded devices. Its clean design and advanced features make it excellent in both production and research environments, and it is user-supported with complete source. Many applications are easily available through The NetBSD Packages Collection.

181. Netrunner
Netrunner is an Ubuntu-based distribution with a focus on desktop computing. It boasts a carefully tuned KDE 4 desktop with many integrated GNOME applications to offer users a selected mix of popular and powerful applications.

182. NetSecL
NetSecL is a security-focused distribution and live DVD based on openSUSE (starting from version 3.0, previous versions were based on Slackware Linux). To improve the security aspect of the distribution, servers have been removed, incoming ports closed and services turned off. Additionally, several penetration tools have been included.

183. Network Security Toolkit
Network Security Toolkit (NST) is a bootable live CD based on Fedora Core. The toolkit was designed to provide easy access to best-of-breed open source network security applications and should run on most x86 platforms. The main intent of developing this toolkit was to provide the network security administrator with a comprehensive set of open source network security tools. What we find rather fascinating with NST is that we can transform most x86 systems (Pentium II and above) into a system designed for network traffic analysis, intrusion detection, network packet generation, wireless network monitoring, a virtual system service server, or a sophisticated network/host scanner.

184. Nexenta OS
Nexenta OS is a free and open source operating system combining the OpenSolaris kernel with GNU application userland. Nexenta OS runs on Intel/AMD 32-/64-bit hardware and is distributed as a single installable CD. Upgrades and binary packages not included on the CD can be installed from Nexenta OS repository using Advanced Packaging Tool. In addition, source based software components can be downloaded from network repositories available at Debian/GNU Linux and Ubuntu Linux.

185. NexentaStor
NexentaStor is an enterprise-class unified storage solution built upon the foundation of the open-source file system Nexenta Core Platform, including the ZFS file system. NexentaStor adds to the open source foundation a complete set of managed features, including ZFS and synchronous block level replication, integrated search, console and graphical user interfaces, and optional advanced features, such as management of storage for leading virtualised environments, enhanced mapping and management for Fiber Channel and iSCSI environments, and active/active high availability. A free "developer's edition" based on the most recent stable Nexenta Core Platform is available free of charge for users with less than 4 terabyte of used disk space.

186. Niigata Linux
Niigata Linux is a Fedora-based Japanese Linux distribution designed as a web application environment for web development with Apache and PostgreSQL.

187. NimbleX
NimbleX is a Slackware-based live CD which is able to boot from a CD, USB storage device or from another computer on the Local Area Network. Its main features are small size, a varied selection of software packages, and good hardware support.

188. Nova
Nova is a user-friendly, desktop-oriented Linux distribution developed by the University of Computer Sciences in Havana, Cuba. In the product's early days the operating system was based on Gentoo Linux and Sabayon Linux, but starting from version 2.1 the developers have chosen Ubuntu as the base system.

189. Novell Linux, SUSE Linux Enterprise
SUSE Linux Enterprise is an interoperable platform for mission-critical computing. SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop is an enterprise-quality Linux desktop that's ready for routine business use. It provides interoperability with existing systems and many office applications. It also delivers flexibility for desktop and notebook clients, thin-client devices, and high-end technical workstations. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server is designed to handle mission-critical workloads. It is an open, scalable, solution that comes with integrated Xen-based virtualization, application security, and systems management across a range of hardware architectures. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server provides interoperability with Windows and other platforms, and it provides a secure foundation for a broad range of edge, departmental and data center needs.

190. NuTyX
NuTyX is an i686-optimised, French Linux distribution created from Linux From Scratch and Beyond Linux From Scratch, with a package manager borrowed from CRUX. The project releases a number of different editions, including an installation CD and DVD, as well as a 4 GB live USB. The distribution is designed primarily for French-speaking intermediate and advanced Linux users.

191. O-Net
O-Net is an Italian commercial Linux distribution created by HI-NET.

192. Ojuba
Ojuba is a Fedora-based Linux distribution whose main focus is to provide the best Arabic support, as well as some Islamic tools such as Hijra (Hijri calendar) and Minbar (prayer time indicator). It is available as an installation DVD or installable live CD.

193. One Laptop Per Child (OLPC)
One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) is an initiative to build a low-cost laptop computer with a pre-installed operating system and applications designed for children in developing countries. The operating system is a Linux-based solution, a heavily customised edition of Fedora Core with a special graphical user interface called Sugar. Among applications, the system includes a web browser built on Xulrunner, a simple document viewer based on Evince; the AbiWord word processor, an RSS reader, email, chat and VOIP clients, a multimedia authoring and playback environment, a music composition toolkit, graphics toolkits, games, a shell, and a debugger.

194. OpenBSD
The OpenBSD project produces a FREE, multi-platform 4.4BSD-based UNIX-like operating system. Our efforts emphasize portability, standardization, correctness, proactive security and integrated cryptography. OpenBSD supports binary emulation of most programs from SVR4 (Solaris), FreeBSD, Linux, BSD/OS, SunOS and HP-UX. OpenBSD is freely available from our FTP sites, and also available in an inexpensive 3-CD set.

195. Openfiler
Openfiler is a storage management operating system based on rPath Linux. It is powered by the Linux kernel and open source applications such as Apache, Samba, Linux Volume Management, ext3, Linux NFS and iSCSI enterprise target. Openfiler combines these ubiquitous technologies into a small, easy-to-manage solution fronted by a powerful web-based management interface. Openfiler allows building a Network Attached Storage (NAS) and/or Storage Area Network (SAN) appliance, using industry-standard hardware, in less than 10 minutes of installation time.

196. OpenIndiana
OpenIndiana is a continuation of the OpenSolaris operating system. It was conceived during the period of uncertainty following the Oracle takeover of Sun Microsystems, after several months passed with no binary updates made available to the public. The formation proved timely, as Oracle discontinued OpenSolaris soon after in favour of Solaris 11 Express, a binary distribution with a more closed development model to début later this year. OpenIndiana is part of the Illumos Foundation, and provides a true open-source community alternative to Solaris 11 and Solaris 11 Express, with an open development model and full community participation.

197. openmamba GNU/Linux
openmamba GNU/Linux is a distribution for personal computers (Intel i686-compatible) that can be used on notebooks, desktops and servers. It works as an installable live CD, offering out-of-the box support for proprietary graphics drivers and wireless network cards, a variety of media codecs and 3D desktop with KDE. The distribution, which has roots in the discontinued QiLinux project, uses APT for RPM and Synaptic as its package management tools.

198. openSUSE
The openSUSE project is a community program sponsored by Novell. Promoting the use of Linux everywhere, this program provides free, easy access to openSUSE, a complete Linux distribution. The openSUSE project has three main goals: make openSUSE the easiest Linux for anyone to obtain and the most widely used Linux distribution; leverage open source collaboration to make openSUSE the world's most usable Linux distribution and desktop environment for new and experienced Linux users; dramatically simplify and open the development and packaging processes to make openSUSE the platform of choice for Linux developers and software vendors.

199. Openwall GNU/*/Linux
Openwall GNU/*/Linux (or Owl for short) is a small security-enhanced Linux distribution for servers, appliances, and virtual appliances. Owl live CDs with remote SSH access are also good for recovering or installing systems (whether with Owl or not). Another secondary use is for operating systems and/or computer security courses, which benefit from the simple structure of Owl and from the inclusion of the complete build environment.

200. Ophcrack LiveCD
Ophcrack LiveCD is a specialist SliTaz-based live CD containing Ophcrack, an open source Windows password cracker that uses rainbow tables. The graphical program included on the live CD is reputed for being able to crack alphanumeric Windows passwords of up to 14 characters in usually just a few seconds.

201. Oracle Linux
Oracle Linux is an enterprise-class Linux distribution supported by Oracle. According to the project's web site, "Oracle starts with Red Hat Linux, removes Red Hat trademarks, and then adds Linux bug fixes." Oracle Linux is, and intends to remain, fully compatible with Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

202. PAIPIX
PAIPIX is a compilation of free software, based on Debian Live, that is meant to be used in any environment, but with special vocation for educational use in the information and instrumentation technologies. It is developed by the College of Sciences at the University of Lisbon.

203. paldo GNU/Linux
paldo is a hybrid (source and binary), Upkg-driven GNU/Linux distribution and live CD. Besides aiming to be simple, pure, up-to-date and standards-compliant, paldo offers automatic hardware detection, one application per task, and a standard GNOME desktop.

204. PapugLinux
PapugLinux is a minimal GNU/Linux live CD based on the Gentoo Linux distribution for x86 computers. The goal of PapugLinux is to provide a minimal but functional free operating system which can be run on most computers, from old systems with as little as 64 MB of memory to the latest powerful configurations.

205. Pardus Linux
Pardus is a GNU/Linux distribution funded and developed by the Scientific & Technological Research Council of Turkey. Pardus has a range of unique features, such as Mudur, a start-up framework of Pardus to speed up the boot process, and PiSi, an efficient package management system with a user-friendly graphical interface.

206. Parsix GNU/Linux
Parsix GNU/Linux is a live and installation CD based on KANOTIX and Debian. It uses GNOME as its default desktop environment. Parsix GNU/Linux supports Persian keyboard and user can switch to Persian with Alt+Ctrl or Ctrl+Shift keys. It also includes the xFarDic English-Persian dictionary and several free Persian fonts from FarsiWeb and FPF projects.

207. Parted Magic
Parted Magic is a small live CD/USB/PXE with its elemental purpose being to partition hard drives. Although GParted and Parted are the main programs, the CD/USB also offers other applications, such as Partition Image, TestDisk, fdisk, sfdisk, dd, ddrescue, etc.

208. PC-BSD
PC-BSD has as its goals to be an easy-to-install-and-use desktop operating system, based on FreeBSD. To accomplish this, it currently has a graphical installation, which will enable even UNIX novices to easily install and get it running. It will also come with KDE pre-built, so that the desktop can be used immediately. Currently in development is a graphical software installation program, which will make installing pre-built software as easy as other popular operating systems.

209. PC/OS
PC/OS is a user-friendly desktop and server Linux distribution based on Xubuntu. Some of its most interesting features include support for popular browser plugins, addition of packages for multimedia production, content creation and software development, and a BeOS-like desktop theme. PC/OS comes in several editions, including OpenDesktop, OpenWorkstation and WebStation.

210. PCLinuxOS
PCLinuxOS is a user-friendly Linux distribution with out-of-the-box support for many popular graphics and sound cards, as well as other peripheral devices. The bootable live CD provides an easy-to-use graphical installer and the distribution sports a wide range of popular applications for the typical desktop user, including browser plugins and full multimedia playback. The intuitive system configuration tools include Synaptic for package management, Addlocale to add support to many languages, Getopenoffice to install the latest OpenOffice.org, and Mylivecd to create a customised live CD.

211. PelicanHPC GNU Linux
PelicanHPC is a Debian-based live CD image with a goal to make it simple to set up a high performance computing cluster. The front-end node (either a real computer or a virtual machine) boots from the CD image. The compute nodes boot by Pre-Execution Environment (PXE), using the front-end node as the server. All of the nodes of the cluster get their file systems from the same CD image, so it is guaranteed that all nodes run the same software. The CD image is created by running a single script, which makes it possible to customise the live CD image with extra Debian packages.

212. Pentoo
Pentoo is a Gentoo-based Linux live CD with a selection of applications and tools designed to perform penetration testing.

213. Peppermint OS
Peppermint OS is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution that aims to be lightning fast and easy on system resources. By employing Mozilla's Prism technology Peppermint integrates seamlessly with Cloud and web-based applications. The distribution's other features include automatic updates, easy step-by-step installation, sleek and user-friendly interface, and increased mobility by integrating directly with Cloud-based applications.

214. pfSense
pfSense is a m0n0wall-derived operating system. It uses Packet Filter, FreeBSD 6.x (or DragonFly BSD when ALTQ and CARP is finished), ALTQ for excellent packet queuing, and an integrated package management system for extending the environment with new features.

215. Phayoune Secure Linux
Phayoune Linux is a live distribution based on Linux From Scratch and optimised for USB storage devices. Besides standard desktop software, it also includes a variety of server applications, including a firewall, web server, mail server, database server, file server and application server.

216. Pinguy OS
Pinguy OS is an Ubuntu-based distribution targeted at beginning Linux users. It features numerous user-friendly enhancements, out-of-the-box support for multimedia codecs and browser plugins, a heavily tweaked GNOME user interface with enhanced menus, panels and dockbars, and a careful selection of popular desktop applications for many common computing tasks.

217. Plamo Linux
Plamo Linux is a Japanese Linux distribution based on Slackware Linux. The installer, and many text-based and graphical tools have been updated to include Japanese language support.

218. PLD Linux Distribution
PLD Linux Distribution is a free, RPM-based Linux distribution, aimed at the more advanced users and administrators, who accept the trade-offs of using a system that might require manual tweaking in exchange for flexibility. Simultaneous support for a wide variety of architectures and non-conservative approach to RPM usage provide the users with a consistent environment on almost all available architectures.

219. Plop Linux
Plop Linux is a small distribution that can boot from CD, DVD, USB flash drive (UFD), USB hard disk or from network with PXE. It is designed to rescue data from a damaged system, backup and restore operating systems, automate tasks and more.

220. Porteus
Porteus is a fast, portable and modular live CD/USB medium based on Slackware Linux. The distribution started as a community remix of Slax, another Slackware-based live CD (which is no longer actively maintained), with KDE 3 as the default desktop for the i486 edition and a stripped-down KDE 4 as the desktop environment for the x86_64 flavour. The lightweight LXDE is available as an alternative desktop environment.

221. Poseidon Linux
Poseidon Linux is a GNU/Linux distribution designed for academic and scientific use. Although based on Ubuntu, it enhances its parent by adding a large number of applications for GIS/maps, numerical modelling, 2D/3D/4D visualisation, statistics, tools for creating simple and complex graphics, programming languages and more. The usual software for daily use, such as office suite, Internet browser, instant messaging and chat clients are also included.

222. pQui Linux
pQui Linux is a Brazilian desktop-oriented distribution based on Slackware Linux.

223. Privatix Live-System
Privatix Live-System is a free, portable, encrypted live CD which can be installed on an USB flash drive or an external hard drive. Based on Debian GNU/Linux, it is designed for safe editing and carrying sensitive data, for encrypted communication, and anonymous web surfing (with Tor, Firefox and Torbutton).

224. Puppy Linux
Puppy Linux is yet another Linux distribution. What's different here is that Puppy is extraordinarily small, yet quite full-featured. Puppy boots into a ramdisk and, unlike live CD distributions that have to keep pulling stuff off the CD, it loads into RAM. This means that all applications start in the blink of an eye and respond to user input instantly. Puppy Linux has the ability to boot off a flash card or any USB memory device, CDROM, Zip disk or LS/120/240 Superdisk, floppy disks, internal hard drive. It can even use a multisession formatted CD-RW/DVD-RW to save everything back to the CD/DVD with no hard drive required at all.

225. Puredyne
Puredyne is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution aimed at creative people. It provides a number of creative applications, alongside a solid set of graphic, audio and video tools in a fast, minimal package. It includes software for everything an artist might need - from sound art to innovative film-making. Puredyne is optimised for use in real-time audio and video processing and it distinguishes itself by offering a low latency kernel and high responsiveness needed by artists working in this field.

226. PureOS
PureOS and PureOSlight are GNU/Linux live CDs based on Debian's testing repository. These are desktop distributions that can be used as live media (CD or USB) or as full-featured operating systems installed on a hard disk. PureOS is a 700 MB live CD with KDE, Iceweasel, Icedove, OpenOffice.org, Songbird, VLC and K3B. PureOSlight is a small 300 MB live CD with Xfce, Iceweasel, Icedove, AbiWord, Gnumeric and Exaile.

227. Qimo 4 Kids
Qimo 4 Kids is a distribution of Linux, derived from the popular Ubuntu, customised for use by children ages 3 and up. It comes pre-installed with free and open source games that are both educational and entertaining, with many more educational titles available for download from Ubuntu. The interface of Qimo 4 Kids has been specifically designed to be easy to navigate by the youngest of users.

228. Qomo Linux
Qomo Linux (formerly Everest Linux) is a Chinese distribution developed by Red Flag Linux and managed as a community project (in a fashion similar to Red Hat's Fedora or Novell's openSUSE). Its main features are user-friendly desktop, excellent hardware detection, full support for simplified Chinese, and a 6-month release cycle.

229. Quirky
Quirky, a sister project of Puppy Linux, is a Linux distribution built with a custom tool called Woof. The underlying infrastructure, such as boot-up and shut-down scripts, setup tools, hardware detection, desktop management, user interface, speed and general ease-of-use are common across all distributions built with Woof, but a specific build will have a different package selection and further customisation (even totally different binary packages). Quirky is developed by the founder of Puppy Linux and Woof to push the envelope a bit further, to explore some new ideas in the underlying infrastructure -- some of which may be radical or odd, hence the name Quirky.

230. Red Flag Linux
Red Flag Software Co., Ltd. (Red Flag Software) was founded by Software Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and NewMargin Venture Capital. We are focused on the development and marketing of Linux-based operating systems and application software on multiple platforms for the constantly growing base of Chinese technology users. Our goal is "Creating Incentives for Networking Life." The company will continue to develop a modern management pattern we call the "Red Flag Way." This is client driven customization based on our business model involving free software.

231. Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Red Hat is the leader in development, deployment, and management of Linux and open source solutions for Internet infrastructure - ranging from embedded devices to secure Web servers. Red Hat was founded in 1994 by visionary entrepreneurs Bob Young and Marc Ewing. Open source is the foundation of our business model. It represents a fundamental shift in how software is created. The code that makes up the software is available to anyone. Developers who use the software are free to improve the software. The result: rapid innovation. Red Hat solutions combine Red Hat Linux, developer and embedded technologies, training, management services, technical support. We deliver this open source innovation to our customers via an Internet platform called Red Hat Network. Red Hat is headquartered in Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.

232. redWall Firewall
redWall Firewall is a bootable CD-ROM firewall based on Gentoo Linux. Its goal is to provide a feature-rich firewall solution together with a web-based interface for all the generated log files. redWall Firewall comes with Snort, SnortSam, DansGuardian and support for fwbuilder, SpamAssassin, reporting, VPN and mail alerts. Configuration files are stored on a floppy disk or a USB pen drive.

233. Resulinux
Resulinux is a Brazilian desktop distribution and live CD based on Debian GNU/Linux. Among its unique characteristics are TexasFlood boot system, which dramatically shortens the operating system's boot time, and a software update utility called LiveUpdate.

234. RIPLinuX
Recovery Is Possible (RIP) is a Slackware-based CD or floppy boot/rescue/backup/maintenance system. It has support for a lot of filesystem types (Reiserfs, Reiser4, ext2/3, iso9660, UDF, XFS, JFS, UFS, HPFS, HFS, MINIX, MS DOS, NTFS, and VFAT) and contains a bunch of utilities for system recovery. It also has IDE/SCSI/SATA, PCMCIA, RAID, LVM2, and Ethernet/DSL/cable/PPP/PPPOE network support.

235. Rocks Cluster Distribution
Rocks is a complete "cluster on a CD" solution for x86 and x86_64 Red Hat Linux clusters. Building a Rocks cluster does not require any experience in clustering, yet a cluster architect will find a flexible and programmatic way to redesign the entire software stack just below the surface (appropriately hidden from the majority of users). Although Rocks includes the tools expected from any clustering software stack (PBS, Maui, GM support, Ganglia, etc), it is unique in its simplicity of installation.

236. rPath Linux
rPath Linux is a Linux distribution built with the new Conary distributed software management system. Conary is designed, based on many years of Linux software packaging and distribution development experience, to automate many of the tasks that have made it difficult to build Linux distributions. rPath's mission is to provide system software that is easily tailored to suit unique application needs. rPath Linux, built with the Conary distributed software management system, is not only a distribution in its own right, but also a base technology explicitly designed to enable you to create purpose-built operating system images using the rBuilder Online technology.

237. Runtu
Runtu is a Russian desktop Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. It features full support for Russian and a variety of extra applications, tools and media codecs.

238. Sabayon Linux
"Sabayon Linux is a Gentoo-based distribution which follows the works-out-of-the-box philosophy, aiming to give the user a wide number of applications that are ready for use and a self-configured operating system. Sabayon offers the user an easy-to-use workspace with a captivating look, good hardware detection and a large number of up-to-date software packages installed by default, with additional software available from a repository. Sabayon is available in several flavors featuring respectively the KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and Enlightenment desktop environments.

239. Sabily
Sabily (formerly Ubuntu Muslim Edition) is a free, open source operating system based on Ubuntu. Its main feature is the inclusion of Islamic software, such as prayer times, a Qur'an study tool and a web content filtering utility.

240. Saline OS
Saline OS is a lightweight and fast open-source operating system built on the Debian GNU/Linux repositories and uses Xfce as the desktop environment.

241. Salix OS
Salix OS is a Slackware-based Linux distribution that is simple, fast, easy to use and compatible with Slackware Linux. Optimised for desktop use, Salix OS features one application per task, custom package repositories, advanced package management with dependency support, localised system administration tools and innovative artwork.

242. SAMity Linux
SAMity Linux, a live and installation CD based on Unity Linux, is an easy-to-use, fast and clean Xfce Linux desktop for home users.

243. Satux
Satux is a Brazilian desktop Linux distribution and live DVD based on Debian GNU/Linux.

244. SchilliX
SchilliX is an OpenSolaris-based distribution which runs from CD and can be optionally installed on a hard disk or a USB memory stick.

245. Scientific Linux
Scientific Linux is a recompiled Red Hat Enterprise Linux, co-developed by Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). Although it aims to be fully compatible with Red Hat Enterprise Linux, it also provides additional packages not found in the upstream product; the most notable among these are various file systems, including Cluster Suite and Global File System (GFS), FUSE, OpenAFS, Squashfs and Unionfs, wireless networking support with Intel wireless firmware, MadWiFi and NDISwrapper, Sun Java and Java Development Kit (JDK), the lightweight IceWM window manager, R - a language and environment for statistical computing, and the Alpine email client.

246. Securepoint Security Suite
Securepoint Security Solutions offers a full-featured suite of firewall tools designed for enterprisewide deployment. Not only can it protect an internal network from outside attacks, it also helps segregate parts of your internal network and define custom protection rules for each. Securepoint lets you create and manage VPN tunnels for remote users and define traffic filters, reports, and alerts for your entire network. Securepoint Freeware is a very secure and free firewall solution for protecting your Internet gateway. Securepoint can as well be used with existing firewalls and to protect interconnected locations or divisions.

247. Server Optimized Linux
SoL (Server optimized Linux) is a Linux distribution completely independent from other Linux distributions. It was built from the original source packages and is optimised for heavy-duty server work. It contains all common server applications, and features XML boot and script technology that makes it easy to configure and make the server work.

248. Skolelinux
Skolelinux is the Debian-edu project's Custom Debian Distribution (CDD) in development. It is aiming to provide an out-of-the-box localised environment tailored for schools and universities. The out-of-the-box environment comes with 75 applications aimed at schools, as well as 15 network services pre-configured for a school environment. The simple, three-question installation requires minimal technical knowledge. Skolelinux is Debian, which means, among other things, that there are no license costs or worries, and that upgrade and maintenance of the software can be done over the Internet with the power of Debian's apt-get. The core goals of Skolelinux are localisation and ease of system administration.

249. Slackintosh
Slackintosh is a port of Slackware Linux to the PowerPC (Macintosh) processor architecture.

250. Slackware Linux
The Official Release of Slackware Linux by Patrick Volkerding is an advanced Linux operating system, designed with the twin goals of ease of use and stability as top priorities. Including the latest popular software while retaining a sense of tradition, providing simplicity and ease of use alongside flexibility and power, Slackware brings the best of all worlds to the table. Originally developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991, the UNIX-like Linux operating system now benefits from the contributions of millions of users and developers around the world. Slackware Linux provides new and experienced users alike with a fully-featured system, equipped to serve in any capacity from desktop workstation to machine-room server. Web, ftp, and email servers are ready to go out of the box, as are a wide selection of popular desktop environments. A full range of development tools, editors, and current libraries is included for users who wish to develop or compile additional software.

251. SLAMPP Live
SLAMPP is a Linux distribution which can boot and run directly from a DVD, with possibility to be installed onto hard disk. It is designed to be used as an instant home server. Just like other Linux live DVDs, SLAMPP makes it possible to test Linux without messing up the user's existing system. What makes SLAMPP different is the fact that it comes with pre-configured tools and applications that turn a personal computer into a home server. SLAMPP is built using Zenwalk Linux as its base and Slackware Linux for packages.

252. SliTaz GNU/Linux
SliTaz GNU/Linux is a mini distribution and live CD designed to run speedily on hardware with 256 MB of RAM. SliTaz uses BusyBox, a recent Linux kernel and GNU software. It boots with Syslinux and provides more than 200 Linux commands, the lighttpd web server, SQLite database, rescue tools, IRC client, SSH client and server powered by Dropbear, X window system, JWM (Joe's Window Manager), gFTP, Geany IDE, Mozilla Firefox, AlsaPlayer, GParted, a sound file editor and more. The SliTaz ISO image fits on a less than 30 MB media and takes just 80 MB of hard disk space.

253. SME Server
SME Server (known as e-smith at the time) was founded in January 1999 by Joseph and Kim Morrison. The company introduced the first version of its flagship software product, the e-smith server and gateway, in April 1999. By the end of the year, many thousands of e-smith servers were running in countries from Fiji to Finland. Word was spreading quickly among developers and systems integrators who needed a solid, easy-to-use server for their small-business customers. In July 2001, e-smith was acquired by Mitel Networks, in September 2004 by Lycoris, and the project is currently sponsored by Resource Strategies, Inc.

254. SmoothWall Express
SmoothWall is a family of Internet security products, designed to defend your users and your network from external attacks. SmoothWall Express is based on the Linux operating system. Linux is the ideal choice for security systems; it is well proven, secure, highly configurable and freely available as open source code. SmoothWall includes a hardened subset of the GNU/Linux operating system, so there is no separate OS to install. Designed for ease of use, SmoothWall is configured via a web-based GUI, and requires absolutely no knowledge of Linux to install or use.

255. Solaris Operating System
Solaris is a computer operating system, the proprietary Unix variant developed by Sun Microsystems. Early versions, based on BSD UNIX, were called SunOS. The shift to a System V code base in SunOS 5 was marked by changing the name to Solaris 2. Earlier versions were retroactively named Solaris 1.x. After version 2.6, Sun dropped the "2." from the name. Solaris consists of the SunOS UNIX base operating system plus a graphical user environment. Solaris is written in a platform-independent manner and is available for SPARC and x86 processors (including x86_64). Starting from version 10, the Solaris licence changed and the product was distributed free of charge for any system or purpose, but after the acquisition of Sun Microsystems by Oracle in 2009, the product is once again proprietary with a restrictive licence.

256. Sorcerer
Sorcerer is a source-based Linux distribution. Source tarballs are downloaded directly from software project home pages or as patches when an old source was previously downloaded. Sources are compiled for the architecture and with the optimisations that the system administrator specifies. Sorcerer has both command-line and menu-driven source management programs.

257. Source Mage GNU/Linux
Sourcemage is a source-based GNU/Linux distribution based on a Sorcery metaphor of 'casting' and 'dispelling' programs, which we refer to as 'spells'.

258. StartCom Linux
StartCom Enterprise Linux, which is based on the Red Hat AS source code, is the ultimate solution for middle-size servers to large data centres. The current version supports the largest commodity-architecture servers with up to 16 CPUs and 64GB (on x86 systems) of main memory, Global File System - for highly scalable, high performance data sharing in multi-system configurations. Included in this distribution is a comprehensive collection of open source server applications like mail, file (SMB/NFS), DNS, web, FTP, and a complete desktop environment.

259. STD - Security Tools Distribution
STD is a customised distribution of the Knoppix live Linux CD. STD focuses on information security and network management tools. It is meant to be used by both the novice looking to learn more about information security and the security professional looking for another swiss army knife for their tool kit. The tools are divided into the following categories: authentication, encryption utilities, firewalls, penetration tools, vulnerability assessment, forensic tools, honeypots, intrusion detection, packet sniffers and assemblers, network utilities, wireless tools, password auditing (crackers) and servers.

260. StressLinux
StressLinux is an openSUSE-based minimal Linux distribution that runs from a bootable CDROM or via PXE. It makes use of some utilities such as stress, cpuburn, hddtemp, lm_sensors, etc. It is dedicated to users who want to test their system(s) entirely on high load and monitor the health of these systems.

261. STUX GNU/Linux
STUX GNU/Linux is a Linux system that runs from a CD-ROM; STUX can automatically load and save main configuration and personal files on a writable partition. It is based on Slackware Linux.

262. SuliX
SuliX is a Hungarian, Fedora-based distribution for schools. Its main features are usability, Hungarian language support, "freshness" in terms of software updates and educational purpose. It can be used in schools, for IT education or as a Linux migration tool. The name "SuliX" comes from Hungarian: "suli" means "school" in child's language. SuliX is developed by a small group of teachers in Hungary.

263. Super OS
Super OS (formerly: Super Ubuntu) is a modified version of Ubuntu with the goal of making it more usable while trying to remain compatible with Ubuntu. Features compared to Ubuntu include better multimedia support, improved Internet experience (aMSN, Opera, Flash and Moonlight), App Runner, and other software, such as Java, Ubuntu Tweak, live USB creator and KDE/Qt libraries.

264. Superb Mini Server
Superb Mini Server (SMS) is a Slackware-based server distribution with web, DNS, DHCP, file, print and fax servers, iptables firewall, mail server with spam filter and anti-virus scanner, and BitTorrent station. It also includes Webmin, a web-based administration tool, but no graphical desktop. SMS, which comes with Slackware's text-mode system installer, is built using Linux-Live scripts (from Slax) and can be used as a live CD for testing purposes.

265. SuperGamer
SuperGamer is a live DVD based on VectorLinux, intended to showcase gaming on Linux. The distribution is optimised for a gaming computer environment, with some tweaks to help speed up running from the live DVD. Extra games are added along with some demo editions of proprietary games. All games are native Linux games, but users wishing to run Windows games may install WINE or a related emulator, such as Cedega.

266. Syllable Server
Syllable Server is a small, efficient server operating system built to be similar to Syllable Desktop, but on the Linux kernel. Due to its light weight, Syllable Server is exceptionally suitable as a virtualisation platform for running other operating systems (or multiple instances of itself), using the QEMU emulator.

267. SystemRescueCd
SystemRescueCd is a Gentoo-based Linux system on a bootable CD-ROM or USB drive, designed for repairing a system and data after a crash. It also aims to provide an easy way to carry out administration tasks on a computer, such as creating and editing hard disk partitions. It contains many useful system utilities (GNU Parted, PartImage, FSTools) and some basic ones (editors, Midnight Commander, network tools). It aims to be very easy to use. The kernel of the system supports all of today's most important file systems, including ext2, ext3, ext4, ReiserFS, Reiser4FS, btrfs, XFS, JFS, VFAT, NTFS, ISO9660, as well as network file systems, such as Samba and NFS.

268. T2 SDE
T2 is an open source system development environment (or distribution build kit if you are more familiar with that term). T2 allows the creation of custom distributions with bleeding edge technology. Currently, the Linux kernel is normally used - but we are expanding to Hurd, OpenDarwin and OpenBSD; more to come. T2 started as a community driven fork from the ROCK Linux Project with the aim to create a decentralised development and a clean framework for spin-off projects and customised distributions.

269. TFM Linux
TFM Linux is a Linux operating system that can be used for small enterprises, whose administrators are not so experienced in Linux. It all began a long time ago with a Red Hat distribution, whose packages were very low on security, so that less than 5 % of these were kept and the rest was replaced with alternate Red Hat packages which proved to be more stable. That's the way the TFM Linux idea was born. The simplest method at that time was the adaptation of Red Hat distribution to the needs previously specified. So in March 2001 TFM Linux 1.0 was launched. An easy to install operating system, easy to use as server edition or workstation and adapted for the user's needs. All the knowledge gathered during all this time, allowed the observation of the modified Red Hat distribution limits, and, as future plan, it was established that the next version of the distribution will be done starting from zero, for having complete control to what is happening in the distribution and the packages interactions.

270. The (Amnesic) Incognito Live System
The (Amnesic) Incognito Live System is a Debian-based live CD/USB with the goal of providing complete Internet anonymity for the user. The product ships with several Internet applications, including web browser, IRC client, mail client and instant messenger, all pre-configured with security in mind and with all traffic anonymised. To achieve this, Incognito uses the Tor network to make Internet traffic very hard to trace.

271. Thinstation
Thinstation is a modern thin client that does work on its own for basic operations like web browsing, managing removable media and printers, but rely on servers for major applications as well as administration of the clients. The clients may be diskless or boot from local media. Thinstation works as a client using X, ICA, RDP, SSH, NX, telnet, tn5250 and other protocols and works on standard PC hardware.

272. Tiny Core Linux
Tiny Core Linux is a 10 MB graphical Linux desktop. It is based on the Linux 2.6 kernel, BusyBox, Tiny X, Fltk, and Flwm. The core runs entirely in memory and boots very quickly. The user has complete control over which applications and/or additional hardware to have supported, be it for a desktop, a nettop, an appliance or server; selectable from the project's online repository.

273. TinyMe
TinyMe is a Unity Linux-based mini-distribution. It exists to ease installation of Unity Linux on older computers, to provide a minimal installation for developers, and to deliver a fast Linux installation for where only the bare essentials are needed.

274. Toorox
Toorox is a Gentoo-based live DVD which boots into a KDE desktop using KNOPPIX hardware auto-detection and auto-configuration technologies. It is a useful tool for backing up data, browsing the Internet anonymously, or taking a first look at the capabilities of Linux. The live DVD can be installed to a hard disk with the help of a simple graphical installer.

275. Topologilinux
Topologilinux is a Slackware-based distribution designed primarily to be installed inside an existing Windows system. As of version 6.0, it can also be installed as a standalone distribution using the standard Slackware installer. Compared to Slackware, however, Topologilinux is enhanced with GNOME, OpenOffice.org and other popular applications.

276. Toutou Linux
Toutou Linux is a French variant of Puppy Linux, a minimalist, yet powerful and extremely fast Linux distribution for the desktop. It is especially suitable to Linux beginners. It features the JWM window manager, SeaMonkey as the default Internet browser and a variety of lightweight applications, including some custom configuration utilities. The project also provides extra software packages, converted into French, for free download.

277. Trinity Rescue Kit
Trinity Rescue Kit (TRK) is a bootable Linux distribution aimed specifically at offline operations for Windows and Linux systems such as rescue, repair, password resets and cloning. It has custom tools to easily recover deleted files, clone Windows installations over the network, perform antivirus sweeps with two different antivirus products, reset windows passwords, read and write on NTFS partitions, edit partition layout and much much more. Trinity Rescue Kit is mostly based on Mandriva Linux and heavily adapted start-up scripts.

278. Trisquel GNU/Linux
Trisquel GNU/Linux is a 100% libre Ubuntu-based Linux distribution. Its main purpose is to provide an operating system for varied audience, including home and office users, educational institutions, multimedia workstations, etc. The project is managed by independent developers and is partially funded by donations.

279. trixbox
trixbox (formerly known as Asterisk@Home) is a CentOS-based Linux distribution that enables the home user to quickly set up a VoIP Asterisk PBX. A web GUI makes configuration and operation easy. The CD also includes an xPL (home automation) interface for easy interaction with other devices in the home.

280. Truva Linux
Truva Linux is a Turkish distribution based on Slackware Linux.

281. Tuquito
Tuquito is a Ubuntu-based distribution and live CD made in Argentina. It features automatic hardware detection, excellent support for scanners, web cams and digital cameras, and compatibility with MS Office file formats. It is designed for beginners and intermediate Linux users.

282. Turbolinux
Turbolinux distributions are designed from the ground-up specifically for enterprise computing. Turbolinux 7 Server was the first-ever to conform to Internationalization standards to help simplify development of applications that require multiple language support - a critical requirement for software distributed globally. Turbolinux 7 Server also supports the Large File Support (LFS) standard for working with applications that manage or handle up to four terabytes of data - a common requirement for infrastructures serving Fortune 500 and larger companies. Such industrial-strength environments provide the basis upon which PowerCockpit and other Turbolinux innovations were created.

283. TurnKey Linux
TurnKey Linux is an Ubuntu-based virtual appliance library that integrates some of the best open-source software into ready-to-use solutions. Each virtual appliance is optimised for ease of use and can be deployed in just a few minutes on bare metal, a virtual machine and in the cloud. The growing list of virtual appliances, each of which is available as a CD image or virtual machine image, include Bugzilla, Django, Drupal, File Server, Joomla, LAMP, Magento, Mantis, MediaWiki, MoinMoin, Moodle, MovableType, MySQL, Openbravo, phpBB, PostgreSQL, ProjectPier, Rails, Revision Control, StatusNet, Apache Tomcat, Torrent Server, Trac, TWiki, vtiger, WordPress, Zimra and others.

284. UberStudent
UberStudent ("uber" meaning "productive" in Latin) is an Ubuntu-based distribution on a DVD designed for learning and teaching academic computing at the higher education and advanced secondary levels. UberStudent comes with software for everyday computing tasks, plus a core set of programs and features designed to teach and make easier the tasks and habits common to high-performing students of all academic disciplines. Lifelong learners, as well as any sort of knowledge worker, will equally benefit. UberStudent is supported by a free Moodle virtual learning environment.

285. Ubuntu
Ubuntu is a complete desktop Linux operating system, freely available with both community and professional support. The Ubuntu community is built on the ideas enshrined in the Ubuntu Manifesto: that software should be available free of charge, that software tools should be usable by people in their local language and despite any disabilities, and that people should have the freedom to customise and alter their software in whatever way they see fit. "Ubuntu" is an ancient African word, meaning "humanity to others". The Ubuntu distribution brings the spirit of Ubuntu to the software world.

286. Ubuntu Privacy Remix
Ubuntu Privacy Remix (UPR) is a modified live DVD based on Ubuntu. Its goal is to provide a completely isolated working environment where private data can be dealt with safely and to protect data against unsolicited access. Networking is intentionally disabled and saving data to mounted volumes is not allowed. The live CD is not installable to hard disk.

287. Ubuntu Rescue Remix
Ubuntu Rescue Remix is a GNU/Linux live system which runs from CD or USB Flash device. It provides the data recovery specialist with a command-line interface environment equipped with some of the best free and open source data recovery and forensics tools available.

288. Ubuntu Studio
Ubuntu Studio is a variant of Ubuntu aimed at the GNU/Linux audio, video and graphic enthusiast as well as professional. The distribution provides a collection of open-source applications available for multimedia creation.

289. UHU-Linux
UHU-Linux is the leading distribution of Linux in Hungary. It is primarily intended for Hungarian users, thus special care is taken to support the Hungarian language as much as possible. Ease of installation and sane default settings both help new users of Linux and make veterans feel comfortable. Usability as the main goal involves having all the cutting-edge yet stable releases of Open Source packages, with dpkg as the package manager. Development is completely open and everyone is invited to join.

290. Ulteo Application System
Ulteo Application System (Ulteo AS) is a Debian/Ubuntu-based Linux distribution created by Gaël Duval, the original founder of Mandrake Linux (now Mandriva Linux) and co-founder of MandrakeSoft (now Mandriva). It is a hybrid, network-oriented and mostly automatic computing system that ships with hundreds of applications and innovative features. The basic version of the Ulteo AS provides a choice of applications for daily use, such as Firefox, Thunderbird, OpenOffice.org, etc., but can be easily extended with a set of applications from the Ulteo panel. It also provides document and panel content synchronisation capabilities between a local installation of Ulteo AS and Ulteo Open Virtual Desktop.

291. Ultimate Edition
Ultimate Edition, first released in December 2006, is a fork of Ubuntu. The goal of the project is to create a complete, seamlessly integrated, visually stimulating, and easy-to-install operating system. Single-button upgrade is one of several special characteristics of this distribution. Other main features include custom desktop and theme with 3D effects, support for a wide range of networking options, including WiFi and Bluetooth, and integration of many extra applications and package repositories.

292. Unity Linux
The community-oriented Unity Linux is a minimalist distribution and live CD based on Mandriva Linux. The project's main goal is to create a base operating system from which more complete, user-oriented distribution can easily be built - either by other distribution projects or by the users themselves. Unity Linux uses Openbox as the default window manager. Its package management is handled via Smart and RPM 5 which can download and install additional software packages from the project's online repository.

293. Untangle Gateway
Untangle Gateway is a Debian-based network gateway with pluggable modules for network applications like spam blocking, web filtering, anti-virus, anti-spyware, intrusion prevention, VPN, SSL VPN, firewall, and more.

294. Userful Desktop
Userful Desktop is a complete Linux operating system pre-integrated with a suite of public computer management software and Userful's 10-to-1 desktop advantage. With Userful Desktop and sufficient video cards, mice and keyboards, up to ten users can independently browse the Internet, send email and run a wide variety of productivity software all from one computer box. Built on Red Hat's Fedora Core, Userful Desktop is a robust, multi-user desktop computing platform that can be customised to address a wide variety of public computing applications.

295. UTUTO
UTUTO GNU/Linux is a Gentoo-based distribution developed by at the Universidad Nacional de Salta in Argentina. Named after a fidgety local lizard that pokes its nose into every hole, UTUTO is a high-performance desktop system designed to be used by home and office users, developers, organisations and government officials. UTUTO focuses on providing only free software as defined by the Free Software Foundation (FSF).

296. VectorLinux
Vector Linux is a small, fast, Intel based Linux operating system for PC style computers. The creators of Vector Linux had a single credo: keep it simple, keep it small and let the end user decide what their operating system is going to be. What has evolved from this concept is perhaps the best little Linux operating system available anywhere. For the casual computer user you have a lightening fast desktop with graphical programs to handle your daily activities from web surfing, sending and receiving email, chatting on ICQ or IRC to running an ftp server. The power user will be pleased because all the tools are there to compile their own programs, use the system as a server or perhaps the gateway for their home or office computer network. Administrators will be equally as pleased because the small size and memory requirements of the operating system can be deployed on older machines maybe long forgotten.

297. VENENUX GNU/Linux
VENENUX GNU/Linux is a South American desktop distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux and intended primarily for Spanish-speaking users. It adheres strictly to the principles of free software as defined by the Free Software Foundation.

298. Vine Linux
Vine Linux is a supreme Linux distribution with integrated Japanese environment for desktop PCs and notebooks. Project Vine was founded by six members of the Project Japanese Extension (JPE) in 1998 and has been developing Vine Linux with help of many members and volunteers. Vine Seed, the development version of Vine Linux, is a public software repository, which all developers are welcome to join and contribute to. Out-of-the-box Kanji support is available throughout most applications and Japanese input support is provided by either the FreeWnn (or Wnn6 in the commercial "CR" edition) or the Canna input server.

299. Vinux
Vinux is a remastered flavour of the Ubuntu distribution optimised for the needs of blind and visually impaired users. It provides three screen readers, two full-screen magnifiers, global font-size and colour changing facilities, and out-of-the-box support for USB Braille displays. The Vinux live CD boots into the Orca screen reader which makes it easy to navigate the graphical GNOME desktop using keybindings. For those who prefer to work in a simple text-based console there is the Speakup screen reader as well as YASR, a hybrid screen reader which can be run in either console mode or in a virtual terminal on the GNOME desktop.

300. VLOS
VLOS (Vidalinux Desktop OS) is a powerfull, stable and easy-to-use Linux distribution. The desktop components are based on the best projects of the open source community including the GNOME desktop environment, Firefox browser, Evolution mail and calendar client, Gentoo Linux system and portage package manager. VLOS includes additional multimedia and productivity applications for the home user including media players, browser plugins for Flash, RealPlayer, PDF viewer, media, graphics design and administration tools.

301. VMKnoppix
VMKnoppix is Debian and KNOPPIX-based Linux live CD/DVD featuring a collection of Virtual Machine software, such as Xen, KVM, VirtualBox, QEMU, KQEMU (QEMU with accelerator) and UserMode Linux. The system enables to boot several popular distributions, including CentOS, Debian GNU/Linux and Ubuntu, in a virtual environment.

302. VNLinux
VNLinux consists of two subprojects - vnlinuxCD and VNLS (VNLinux Secure). vnlinuxCD is a Vietnamese Linux live CD based on Mandriva Linux and designed for desktop use. Its default desktop environment is GNOME and it can be installed on hard disk with a simple installation wizard. VNLS is a server oriented distribution based on EnGarde Secure Linux designed for Vietnamese users.

303. VortexBox
VortexBox is a Fedora-based Linux distribution that turns an unused computer into an easy-to-use music server or jukebox. Once VortexBox has been loaded it will automatically rip CDs to FLAC and MP3 files, ID3-tag the files, and download the cover art. VortexBox will then serve the files to network media player. The file can also be streamed to a Windows or Mac OS X system.

304. Vyatta
Vyatta software is a complete, ready-to-use, Debian-based distribution that is designed to transform standard x86 hardware into an enterprise-class router / firewall. Vyatta software includes support for commonly used network interfaces, and industry-standard routing protocols and management protocols. Unlike previous open-source routing projects, all these features are configurable via a single command-line interface (CLI) or web-based graphical user interface (GUI). Vyatta software is available as a free Community Edition as well as tiered Software Subscriptions that include maintenance, upgrades and support.

305. wattOS
wattOS is a fast desktop Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. Using the lightweight Openbox window manager as its default user interface, the distribution strives to be as energy-efficient as possible so that it can be used on low-specification and recycled computers.

306. Webconverger
Webconverger is a live, Debian-based web kiosk. It is designed for deployments in places like offices or Internet cafés where only web applications are used.

307. Wifislax
Wifislax is a Slackware-based live CD containing a variety of security and forensics tools. The distribution's main claim to fame is the integration of various unofficial network drivers into the Linux kernel, thus providing out-of-the-box support for a large number of wired and wireless network cards.

308. Wolvix GNU/Linux
Wolvix is a desktop-oriented GNU/Linux distribution based on Slackware Linux. It features the Xfce desktop environment and a comprehensive selection of development, graphics, multimedia, network and office applications. It's mainly targeted at home users and strives to provide a balance between everyday computing tasks, creativity, work and enjoyment.

309. Xange
Xange (formerly Vixta) is an easy-to-use, Fedora-based desktop Linux distribution featuring the KDE desktop.

310. xPUD
xPUD is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution and live CD/USB image consisting mainly of a web browser and a media player, with a simple user interface on top. The goal of the developers is to create an operating system which is extremely lightweight and fast-booting, includes applications for daily use, and has an intuitive, easy-to-use desktop interface.

311. Xubuntu
Xubuntu is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. Unlike its parent, however, Xubuntu uses the light-weight Xfce desktop environment and is optimised for lower-end machines. The distribution includes only GTK+ applications where possible.

312. Yellow Dog Linux
Yellow Dog Linux is an open source Linux operating system for home, office, server, and cluster users. Built upon the Red Hat/CentOS core, Terra Soft and now Fixstars (which acquired Terra Soft in 2008) has since the spring of 1999 developed and maintained Yellow Dog Linux for the Power architecture family of processors. The distribution combines a graphical installer with support for a wide range of Power hardware, leading-edge kernels, stable, functional compilers for code development, and servers for web, database, email, and network services. More than 2,000 packages are included on the install DVD.

313. Ylmf OS
Ylmf OS is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution with the GNOME desktop tweaked to resemble Microsoft Windows XP. The project releases separate Chinese and English editions of the product.

314. Yoper Linux
Yoper is a multipurpose high performance operating system which has been carefully optimised for PC's with either 686 or higher processor types. The binaries that come with Yoper have been built from scratch using the original sources combined with the best features of major distros, measuring up to the demanding proliferation of network communications and more intensive digital multimedia, graphics and audio capabilities which are ushering in a new era of business productivity enabled by a new generation of sophisticated microprocessors, and business application tools.

315. Zencafe GNU/Linux
Zencafe GNU/Linux is a desktop Linux distribution designed specifically for public Internet cafés. Based on Slackware and Zenwalk Linux, it includes auto-recovery features, Internet café billing and management software, and other graphical system administration tools. Zencafe's default edition uses Xfce as the main desktop, while its "Lite" edition, designed for older or less powerful computers, installs the IceWM window manager.

316. Zentyal
Zentyal (formerly eBox Platform) is a unified network server that offers easy and efficient computer network administration for small and medium-size businesses. It can act as a gateway, an infrastructure manager, a unified threat manager, an office server, a unified communication server or a combination of them. These functionalities are tightly integrated, automating most tasks, avoiding mistakes and saving time for system administrators. Zentyal is released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) and runs on top of Ubuntu.

317. Zenwalk Linux
Zenwalk Linux (formerly Minislack) is a Slackware-based GNU/Linux operating system with a goal of being slim and fast by using only one application per task and with focus on graphical desktop and multimedia usage. Zenwalk features the latest Linux technology along with a complete programming environment and libraries to provide an ideal platform for application programmers. Zenwalk's modular approach also provides a simple way to convert Zenwalk Linux into a finely-tuned modern server (e.g. LAMP, messaging, file sharing).

318. Zeroshell
Zeroshell is a small Linux distribution for servers and embedded devices with the aim to provide network services. It is available in the form of live CD or compact Flash image and it can be configured using a web browser. The main features of Zeroshell include: load balancing and failover of multiple Internet connections, UMTS/HSDPA connections by using 3G modems, RADIUS server for providing secure authentication and automatic management of encryption keys to wireless networks, captive portal to support web login, and many others.

319. ZevenOS
ZevenOS is an Ubuntu-based GNU/Linux distribution with focus on providing a fast and easy-to-use system with BeOS-like user interface and support for older hardware. The distribution is built on top of a recent Linux kernel and includes a large number of popular open-source software applications for office use, multimedia playback and software development. ZevenOS also ships with MAGI, a tool for starting applications and managing the system.

320. Zorin OS
Zorin OS is an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution designed especially for newcomers to Linux. It has a Windows-like graphical user interface and many programs similar to those found in Windows. Zorin OS also comes with an application that lets users run many Windows programs. The distribution's ultimate goal is to provide a Linux alternative to Windows and let Windows users enjoy all the features of Linux without complications.

Ventajas:
Todas estas distribuciones linux tienen la ventaja de que ya quizas expecto alguna como caine apenas hace falta ir a la shell para ejecutar acciones todo viene personalizado gratis y con posibilidad de bajar mas software.

Inconvenientes;
desarrollo a terceros , si por algo se han hecho famoso Microsoft y Google es por su OLE AUtomatation y APIS para terceros pudiendo programar y personalizar la suite del office o por ejemplo lugares con google maps.

imaginaos por un momento que se pudiese desde el menu de una distro llamada Asterisk que es un call center automatico de atencion al cliente ir rellenando datos de pantallas de otra aplicacion de diseño de circuitos electronicos (UbuntuElec) que a su vez se puede integrar como un instrumento simple de onda en Studio64,tambien e echa de menos un repositorio de asociaciones de archivos, via WS? y se podria generalizar las instalaciones bajo cloud computing como se usa Ubuntu One asi como un crawler buscador de software de linux puesta a disposicion de entradas bajo rss feed xml.

pese a haber menos marketing hay mas sofware para linux (programadores aislados) que para windows/Android juntos solo hace falta ordenarlo,integrarlo y sacarlo a la luz para que brille vremos dentro de diez años donde ha quedado toda esta pletora de distros

intentando aclarar mas este ultimo punto seria como tener un lugar centralizado donde los desarrolladores especificasen la automatizacion de salida que hay que hacer de sus archivos para que cumpla una interfaz de entrada de una nueva aplicacion para relacionar todas las aplicaciones con todas, para que satisfaga los datos necesarios de entrada de esta, esto tambien se podria hacer con windows o para interoperabilidad entre software Sistemas Operativos con web servicesy xml o similar, tambien se podria heredar la interop y modificarse por terceros a su gusto a parte de la de por defecto en otro repositorio o en local.

2011-03-03T10:29:00.000-08:00

for graphene without inner structures at each hexagonal cluster but with this kind of circular pattern the cuantical sink appears at its center if connected to ground so minimum of energy goes radially from outside to the center if is ground released the film behaves like a charge membrane in which can be measured 2d waves its like a topological computer it can be used effect moesser to detect by release gamma rays at applying X rays at isotopical graphene at its resonator atomic structure the oscillation position of the membrane.

same analogy but this time in a non-circular, squared cell, by repetitions od pattern a processor is created (underlying figure at red,blue red means dopated N cells blue dopated P alterned) in this case should be detected the holes and hills of the voltage (center of strred pattern) /center of circular pattern) that depending on boundary conditions can be a sink or generator of E field voltage 0-4.5V

The analogy but this time with nanotubes and configurable and programable P N P,N P N layer it works as well as lcd displays has a squared cell that groups several nanotubes that after aplying a z-index positive or negative E field makes the near nanotubes to move upwards or downwards polarizing and behaving as a promedia for each cell as a P or N block (composed of many NP,PN outside PN,NP inner respectively displaced) then once configurated the pattern of blocks the blocks behave as same as above pictures,
note at down picture any configuration can be taken, for example superposition of patterns:
i.e. above topological squared + the same moved 1/2 down and right, as simulator of qubit or again a membrane simulator based on submembranes simulator so superimposing two circled patterns we obtain a two qubit simulator by nxn superposition nxn qubits being the countour conditions of one pattern the singular maximum minimum sink hill of the others and viceversa.

- Ocultar texto citado -

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pssb.201000314/full

- Ocultar texto citado -

2011/2/26 Daguel none <davidmiguelblog@gmail.com>

in fact with joining of 4 cells can be created the superposition of quantum states that in promedia are 0,1 - 1,0 - 1,1 - 0,0 as karnaugh map as result of two qubits calculus at the same time so maps of regions of 4x4 can be created or nxn for n qubit analogy

2011/2/26 Daguel none <davidmiguelblog@gmail.com>

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pssb.201000314/full

each subcell on the upper metal plate that has an E z-index up or down has a promedia of effective gaps/electrons a result value P or N for the cell there is only need to calculate the length of the nanotubes and the strong of the E field to reach an treshold detecttable value 1-4.5V it can be represented any kind of circuit in the nanotube machine

2011/2/26 Daguel none <davidmiguelblog@gmail.com>

this is the idea but in this case with nanocarbontubes , Graphene have less possibilities to create a inner cell packed structure

thank you very much and best regards

2011/2/25 Daguel none <davidmiguelblog@gmail.com>

the way to read the process data noncuantically should be http://www.physorg.com/news187430392.html

cuantically http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6ssbauer_effect making isotopes of carbon to create isotopical graphene http://orgs.unca.edu/medc/Resources.html

Graphene Transistors

Graphene transistors are sensitive and resistant to radiation.
The U.S Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) paid for "high-risk, high-payoff" research of graphene-based sensors containing transistors. Graphene field effect transistors (GFET) were studied because graphene shows high sensitivity and resistance to temperature and radiation in plasma during the manufacture of semiconductors. Four prototype transistors were tested. Silicon-absorber-based and silicon-carbide-absorber-based GFETs measured voltage drops and X-ray absorption. This study concluded that GFET transistors are sensitive to X-rays and light particles and can be used to detect and measure radiation. Graphene may be effective in monitors in national borders and ports.

2011/2/24 Daguel none <davidmiguelblog@gmail.com>

and this http://www.scitopics.com/Direct_imprinting_of_microcircuits_on_graphene_oxides_film_by_femtosecond_laser_reduction.html

thank you very much and best regards Mr Proffesors!!!

2011/2/24 Daguel none <davidmiguelblog@gmail.com>

the lase can if cant be small lasers can be just one applying http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_rings

2011/2/24 Daguel none <davidmiguelblog@gmail.com>

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curie's_law

http://nextbigfuture.com/2008/08/graphene-enhanced-plastics.html as inner dopating composite that can be heated through a light of graphene diode laser

2011/2/24 Daguel none <davidmiguelblog@gmail.com>

the idea is to create a logic Maxterm, Minterm Karnaugh programable maps logic programable languages or circuits based in membrane boundary conditions

thank you very much and best regards

chistecito

2011-02-28T16:00:00.000-08:00

Papa , papa para que sirve un cientifico?
Hijo para decubrir los misterios del Universo
Papa, papa para que sirve un psiquiatra o un psicologo?
Pues hijo para descubrir los misterios de la mente Humana
Papa , papa, para que sirve un politico?
Pues hijo , es un misterio que ni los cientificos , ni los psicologos , ni los psiquiatras han logrado descubrir...
David.

relato, todos tenemos algun defecto

2011-02-26T14:44:00.001-08:00

Erase una vez que se era un pueblo en que habia 6 vecinos , uno era barrigordo que vivia allado de un paticorto que vivia al lado de un cuellilargo, que vivia al lado de un ancho de caderas que vivia al lado de un hombre erase a una nariz pegado,que vivia al lado de un flaco.

pues un dia el hombre que erase a una nariz pegado percibio algo raro en el ambiente era el perfume de un extranjero que por alla pasaba pero lo mas raro de todo era que no era ni cuellicorto ni cuellilargo ni barrrigordo ni flaco ni paticorto ni patalargado ni ancho ni estrecho de caderas ni erase un hombre a una nariz pegado.

Todos reaccionaron con indignacion quien se ha creido que es este destilando perfume caro para llamar mas la extraña atencion de su ni concorvada para alante ni concorvada para atras figura?, vamos a echarlo del pueblo!!

el flaco corrio detras de el para echarlo pero choco con el barrigordo, el paticorto tampoco pudo alcanzarlo... y el pobre hombre se iba escondiendo detras del ancho de caderas que se iba girando mientras el cuellilargo intentaba estirarse para alcanzarlo y asi poner el cuerpo a la altura de su cara, el ancho de caderas se le rompio la corcovilla y al cuellilargo le dio un ataque de torticolis.

Ninguno de los 6 pudieron, asi que pasaron a ser 7 vecinos. Y como siempre se le puede sacar defecto hasta al mas valorado a este pasaron a llamarlo el muchiperfumado y colorin,colorado.

Viajes 3D de la Torre de Hercules al Transiberiano

2011-02-22T14:04:00.000-08:00

Como decia Seneca "viajar recrea el alma" aqui os dejo una de viajes

viajes virtuales 3d

Aqui teneis dos de los diarios de dos parejas aventureras que se lanzaron a dar la vuelta por el mundo, ahi es nada!!!

Google and UNESCO announce alliance to provide virtual visits of several World Heritage sites

Google Streetview tricycle in front of UNESCO headquarter, Paris (03/12/2009) © UNESCO / Michel Ravassard

Thursday, December 3, 2009

Sites of outstanding universal value inscribed on the World Heritage List - the Palace of Versailles in France, the historic centre of Prague in the Czech Republic and the old town of Cáceres in Spain, for example - can now be explored online by internet users around the world, thanks to an alliance signed by UNESCO and the international corporation Google.The agreement makes it possible for internet users to visit 19* of the 890 World Heritage properties viaGoogle's Street View interface. All the other sites on the List will be shown on the Google Earth and Google Maps interfaces.

The 19 sites are located in Spain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic and the United Kingdom. Street View provides nearly spherical panoramic (360° horizontal and 290° vertical) views taken by cameras mounted on vehicles. Once obtained, these images are overlaid on Google Maps' satellite views - the process can take several months. When the specially-equipped cars cannot reach sites to be photographed, tricycles are used.

"The alliance with Google makes it possible to offer virtual visits of the sites to everyone, to increase awareness and to encourage participation in the preservation of these treasures," said UNESCO's Director-General, Irina Bokova.

"Cultural and natural heritage sites are an irreplaceable source of inspiration and fascination. This is an exciting project and we're thrilled to be working with UNESCO to make more World Heritage sites universally accessible and useful to all," said Carlo d'Asaro, Google's Vice-President for Southern Europe, Middle East and Africa.

At UNESCO's suggestion, Google will soon be visiting and photographing other sites on the List. The focus is on harder-to-access sites, which will be photographed with the permission of site managers. They can then be appreciated by millions of people who might never have the opportunity to visit them otherwise. The sites are located notably in South Africa, Brazil, Canada, Mexico and the Netherlands.

In future, Google and UNESCO will also work together to provide online access, via Google Maps, YouTube and Google Earth, to maps, texts and videos pertaining to UNESCO's Biosphere Reserves, to documentary heritage inscribed on the Memory of the World Register and to endangered languages.

*Spain: Santiago de Compostela (Old Town); Old Town of Cáceres; Historic Walled Town of Cuenca; Old City of Salamanca; Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches; Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct; Historic City of Toledo France: Palace and Park of Versailles; Paris, Banks of the Seine Italy: Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata; Historic Centre of Siena; Historic Centre of Urbino; Historic Centre of San Gimignano Netherlands: Mill Network at Kinderdijk-Elshout Czech Republic: Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc; Historic Centre of Český Krumlov; Historic Centre of Prague United Kingdom: Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

About UNESCO:
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was founded in 1945 and it has 193 Member States. One of its main mandates is to encourage the identification, protection and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. This is the goal of the Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, an international treaty adopted by UNESCO in 1972.

About Google:
Google's innovative search technologies connect millions of people around the world with information every day. Founded in 1998 by Stanford Ph.D. students Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Google today is a top web property in all major global markets. Google's targeted advertising program provides businesses of all sizes with measurable results, while enhancing the overall web experience for users. Google is headquartered in Silicon Valley with offices throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia.

Podcasting

2011-02-22T12:00:00.000-08:00

What You Need to Make Your Own Podcast

By Corey Deitz, About.com Guide to Radio

So, you're thinking about creating your own podcast. Maybe you have a business and want to promote a product or you have a hobby and want to share your knowledge with the world. Maybe you're the next great talk show host - only no one knows it yet. Where do you start when you want to start? Right here - with this list of clearly laid out topics to answer your questions how why and how to start your own podcast and what to do with it after you're up and running.

What is a Podcast and How is it Different from Internet Radio

A podcast is a simpler way to put your audio up on the Internet for the world to hear. I'm often asked by visitors to this site how to start an Internet radio station. But, usually they are over-thinking the solution needed to meet their objective. Offering audio on the Internet just keeps getting easier - and podcasts are so much easier than starting an Internet radio station. All the links below lead to articles and information that has been created to help you understand podcasting and make decisions about creating your own.

Why Would I Want to Create My Own Podcast?

There are a lot of great reasons to create a podcast from just having fun to making a profit. I'll give you some things to think about.

What Kind of Hardware and Software do I Need

Whether you plan to use a third-party to distribute your podcast or your own website, you will still need some basic tools to create each your audio. You can start out small and inexpensive or invest big bucks in a sweet rig. Ultimately, it depends on what level of audio quality you are willing to live with.

Easy Podcasting With a Small Learning Curve

Most people want results and you don't care how the sausage is made, so to speak. There's nothing wrong with that. When podcasting first began, the early adopters were required to learn some coding in order to distribute their podcasts. Well, that changed rather quickly. Now, you can do the fun, creative part and leave the rest to someone else.

Helpful Software, Hardware, and Tips for Podcasting

The basics are good but often after mastering them, we look to accentuate and accessorize our projects. Podcasting is no different. Here are some tools and ideas to make it better and more fun.

The Legal Stuff About Podcasting

The two biggest legal aspects that needs to be understood and respected by podcasters are music royalties and the use of copyrighted music and other material. Before you start putting together your podcast, familiarize yourself with your rights and how to respect the rights of others.

How to Market Your Podcast

If you build it, they will come. Well, sort of. If you want more people than just your immediate family hearing your podcasts then consider promoting it in traditional and non-traditional ways. Marketing your podcast can pay off in more listeners and even more opportunities for you.

Podcasting Success Stories

Podcasting started as a quirky new way to distribute audio throughout the Internet. After an initial love affair with the public it settled into a methodology which could inexpensively allow anyone to share their information - whatever that might be. Now, hobbyists, current and former radio professionals, and people from all walks of life podcast. Some of been very successfull - even to their own surprise!

Online Tools and Software For Creating Podcast Feeds and Posts

You don't have to learn what RSS is or any code to create your own podcast. There are websites and software designed to help you assemble your podcast, host your files, and help distribute it. It's the easiest way to get your podcast out to the world. If you can click a mouse, you can create a podcast.

Create With PodcastSPOTS

TalkShoe Says It Will Pay You to Create Your Own Podcasts

TalkShoe is a website that allows anyone to become the host of their own Internet talk show. Uses include live talk shows, discussion groups, podcasts, conferences and friends and family chats. In addition, the website claims it's ready to pay you, too. Read more.

Potential Podcasters: Just Create The Audio and Leave The Coding to These Guys - MyRSSCreator.com Writes RSS For You

If you're thinking of creating your own podcast but you're a little hesitant because even though you know how to create your audio, you're not too sure of that "RSS" stuff. Well, good news: MyRSSCreator.com takes the hassle out of the geeky part, leaving you to create that great radio show you've always wanted to share with the world. Read the review.

PodOmatic Brings Podcast Creation and More to the Masses

PodOmatic is a Podcasting portal which enables anyone to create, mix, host, search, share, and grab podcasts and mp3s. No experience or particular skills required, either!

BlogMatrix Introduces Free Browser-Based Solution For Podcasting

If you're itching to podcast but you still aren't quite up-to-speed on the technical end of it, good news: you don't have to be. BlogMatrix.com has introduced a browser-based solution which handles the geeky stuff automatically. Read more.

10 more apps online

2011-02-22T10:53:00.001-08:00

he visto una plicacion online muy interesante que sirve para guardar sitios web completos o simplemente enlaces o lo que se quiera de partes de pags web. aqui esta el enlace se llama
Mr Wong guarda tus favoritos

10 Brilliant Online Tools For Increasing Your Productivity

I’m always amazed at some of the free tools that are available online and how much they increase your business productivity either as an organization or as an individual and with that in mind I wanted to share 10 of the best tools that I use pretty much every single day. Most of these tools are free although some will have premium upgrades that might suck you in as you start to become more dependent on them and want to unlock more features. One thing that is certain though is that using any single one of these tools will vastly improve the productivity of your business going forward. Here are my top 10 online productivity tools.

Evernote

The problem with the web is that we consume so much content now on a daily basis that it can be hard to remember all the best stuff but luckily Evernote solves that problem in some style. I’ll let the video do the talking and as soon as you download and install this tool you’ll wonder how you lived without it up until now… Another very useful alternative is SimpleNote.

Rapportive

We reported on Rapportive before anyone else and we’re proud of it because it’s a superb tool. Basically this little browser plugin lets you see more contact details and social network profiles for the people you talk to via email every day. The aim of the plugin is for you to make deeper connections with some of the people you email every single day. Where it can grab the information it will automatically pull in Twitter, Linkedin and other social profiles so as you are only 1 click away from connecting.

Remember The Milk

There are 100s of task managers and list apps on the web and on mobile devices but this is the one that works best for me. It allows me to items to my “to-do” lists in the easiest manner possible and I can access those lists from pretty much anywhere. Super simple to use and the fact that it has so few features and bells and whistles is actually a positive for me because it does exactly what I want it to do. I have passed 1000s of tasks through Remember The Milk over the last couple of years.

Yammer

We have been using this for a while and it can best be described as a private Twitter for business. It allows you to communicate in a closed environment and share files. It won’t replace email for your business but it is useful for cutting down large amounts of group emails and sharing links and files in an effective manner. Another reputable app SocialCast.

Dreaminder

We all make goals and have dreams for the future with our business that we often forget or just push to one side. This tool is not fancy or well designed but it does the job of reminding you of the dreams you had in the past. Basically you write yourself a message, pick a date when you want that message to happen by and then dreaminder sends you that dream in the future and you can see if you have made it or not. I suppose this doesn’t just have to be used for business but you should try it because you’ll be surprised just how quick you forget your dreams and let them slip!

Skype Screen Sharing

This is a tool that I use on a daily basis and has been essential in eliminating the usual phone calls where clients try to describe things on their screen and you have no idea what they are talking about. Once logged in to Skype you simply click the share screen button and you are able to see either the whole screen of the person you are talking to or the portion of the screen that they select. An incredibly simple yet highly effective tool that cuts down on messy feedback and makes you far more efficient especially if your business is online.

Harvest

There are lots of things that you can buy more of but the one most important commodity that none of us have enough of is…time. Harvest is a neat little app which helps you manage your time and improve how your entire business uses it’s time. There are a bunch of other features in there as well like accounting and invoices but this really is best for keeping track of time, an important asset!

Mystickies

This simple little app essentially lets you place little stickies all over the web to remind you of stuff when you get back there at a later date. You can write messages for yourself and they’ll appear next time you navigate back to that page. Simple and impressive tool.

Google Apps

I tried to leave this one off the list because it is so obvious and so many people know it already but if you are not using Google docs yet then your company is simple worse off than people who are using it and that is a fact. Collaboration, fantastic email, shared calendars and tons of other online features make this the most essential tool that we use in our business today. If you have not checked it out before now you really should immediately.

Grooveshark

You might be wondering why there is a music app on here but I am of the opinion that every office should have music and that it improves productivity. I use Spotifymostly myself but I know thats not available to you all so my other music app of choice would be Grooveshark. Pretty much has every song under the sun and allows you to make great play lists etc and the best part about it is that it is free to use.

Gestores de tiempo y recursos, de la simple lista a la factura por coste hora/trabajador

2011-02-21T11:51:00.000-08:00

10 Extremely Useful Time Management Tools

PUBLISHED SEPTEMBER 22ND, 2010 IN BUSINESS, TOOLS

Web designers, especially freelancers, face the challenge of effectively managing their time while juggling a lot of different responsibilities. There are a number of online apps and tools that can help you to take control and make the most of your time. In this post we’ll look at 10 that may be able to help you. This includes calendars, to-do lists, time tracking, and project management tools. If you have a favorite please feel free to share in the comments.

1. Remember the Milk

Remember the Milk is a free to-do list manager. You can add tasks that you need to get done, prioritize them, and check them off when they are done. Remember the Milk apps are available for the iPhone and for Android.

2. Ta-da Lists

Ta-da Lists is a very simple to-do list manager. It’s free and you can get your own to-do list up and running in no time.

3. Google Calendar

A calendar is a must-have. Google Calendar is free and can help you to keep your appointments and priorities organized. Best of all, you can access your calendar from anywhere with your computer or phone.

4. Rescue Time

Rescue Time will help you to track your time and to identify areas for improved time management. It claims to recover an average of just under 4 hours worth of productive time per week per person.

5. Thymer

Thymer is “project management and task planning for people who hate project management and task planning.” I think most designers and freelancers fall into that category. You can organize your projects, track time and cost, work with teams, run reports, get reminders, and more. Plans range from free to $50 per month.

6. Ronin

Ronin is a time tracking and invoicing app. There are a lot of options out there for invoicing, but Ronin’s sleek interface is very intuitive and easy to use. Vandelay Premier members can currently get a 20% discount on Ronin’s team plan through the Vandelay Premier Marketplace.

7. Toggl

Toggl is an online time tracking app. You can easily switch from one task to another, use it from any device, and run reports. Plans range from free to $40 per month.

8. Verb

Verb is an online app for task management. You create tasks with priorities, due dates, and tags. You can also share your tasks with team members. Verb is a free app.

9. Project Bubble

Project Bubble helps you to manage projects, track time, and create invoices. It also includes a CRM where you can manage your clients. Prices range from free to $7 per month.

10. Subernova

Subernova is a project management app that includes time tracking and invoicing. You can view all of your project statuses at a glance, set up and track milestones, schedule follow up emails with clients, and more. The cost is $14.99 per month or $149.99 per year.

For more resources please see:

DIseño de presentacion online gratis

2011-02-21T11:48:00.000-08:00

14 Online Presentation Tools

PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 16TH, 2011 IN TOOLS

There may be times when you need to present ideas to clients or co-workers and could benefit from one of the many resources for creating online presentations. In this post we’ll introduce 14 different presentation tools to get the job done. Some are free to use while others will come with a cost.

Online Presentation Tools:

280 Slides

280 Slides is a free tool with a clean user interface. You can upload existing files or create your presentations right from 280 Slides. The built in media search allows you to easily include photos and movies from services like Flickr and YouTube in your presentations. They also have pre-built themes to make it easier and faster to create presentations. Presentations can be downloaded in PowerPoint format, emailed to others, or embedded in websites and blogs.

SlideRocket

SlideRocket allows you to create presentations or upload your existing PowerPoint files. You can collaborate with teamworks to work on presentations, and each presentation can be shared by a URL or embedded in websites and blogs. SlideRocket includes detailed reporting that allows you to see who viewed your presentation, where, how long the were on each slide, and how they interacted with the slides. SlideRocket costs $24 per user per month with a 14-day free trial available.

PreZentit

PreZentit is a free tool that is currently in beta. With PreZentit you can quickly create presentations online, and others can even work on the presentation at the same time. Your presentations can be set to be public or private, and they can be downloaded and viewed offline as well.

authorSTREAM

authorSTREAM allows you to upload PowerPoint presentations and share them with others online. The presentations can be shared via a URL, email, or they can be embedded. Presentations can be downloaded as a video and shared on YouTube. With authorSTREAM you can upload 50 private presentations for free and share them with your contacts.

Empressr

With Empressr you can upload your images, video, and audio to create presentations online. Those presentations can then be shared with your contacts or embedded into websites and blogs. As the creator, you can see who and how many people have viewed your presentation. Empressr is a free tool.

Google Docs

With Google Docs you can upload your own images and video, add text, and create presentations quickly. You can allow anyone to view or edit your presentation. Existing PowerPoint files can also be uploaded for sharing. Google Docs is free.

VCASMO

VCASMO is a free tool for online presentations. You can upload your images, video, audio, PDFs, or PowerPoint files to create presentations with VCASMO. Permission control puts you in charge of who sees your presentation, and they can be embedded in blogs or websites.

Zoho Show

Zoho Show includes pre-built themes that can make it faster to create presentations. Presentations can be shared with others and they can be embedded in blogs and websites. Zoho Show is free for personal use.

Prezi

Prezi is an online presentation tool with both free and paid plans. With any plan you can easily create your own presentations and share them online or download them for offline viewing. With paid plans (starting at $59 per year) you get additional features like making presentations private and the ability to work offline.

SlideShare

SlideShare is another online presentation tool that has both free and paid options. With the free plan your presentations will include ads, but you will get unlimited uploads. Paid plans start at $19 per month and offer additional features like no ads, private uploads, analytics, and buzz tracking to see who is sharing your content on sites like Twitter and Facebook.

Mindflash

Mindflash is geared towards training materials and working with your existing presentations and training files (PowerPoint, video, Word, or PDFs). Mindflash converts them into an online course that you can share with anyone that you are training. A free account is available for those that have 10 trainees or fewer, and paid plans start at $79 per month.

SlideBank

Slidebank is a “presentation management solution for companies with thousands of PowerPoint slides that nobody can find.” It includes a lot of features for sharing presentations as well as storing and searching. With SlideBank you can also create new presentations in addition to just working with existing ones. A hosted version of SlideBank can be purchased, or it can be hosted on your own server. Contact SlideBank for a quote.

Knoodle

With Knoodle you can create dual panel presentations and synch PowerPoint presentations to video. Presentations can be shared via a custom-branded webpage or embedded in websites and blogs. Plans start at $14.99 per month with a 30-day free trial available.

iPresent

Presio is a tool for creating rich media web presentations. You can record audio or video alongside PowerPoint slides and images. Presentations can be published as HTML pages with embedded media in a variety of formats. Standard and Professional versions can be purchased for $89 or $199 respectively

HOME

2011-02-20T12:14:00.000-08:00

Aqui os dejo el canal homeprojectES una de las primeras peliculas completas y gratuitas en You tube junto con otras mas en el canal peliculas que apenas merecen mencion pero al menos esperemos que el ejemplo cunda... como diria Alex de la Iglesia , la cultura es de y para TODOS http://www.youtube.com/user/homeprojectES HOME .

Un API basado en OPENGL para web,motores basados en WEBGL y Quake II

2011-02-20T10:44:00.000-08:00

Para disfrutar de esta maravilla de Quake II GPL solo necesitais comprobar si vuestro navegador es compatible con el api WebGL o instalar una version de uno que sea compatible.

Aqui os lo dejo calentito junto a otros divertidos juegos basados en este API webGL.

Y aqui donde la Demoscene meets API Webgl, Experiments in 3D. for web browsers

integracion Windows mobile 7 ,kinect y xbox 360

2011-02-19T16:44:00.000-08:00

Hoy en el Congreso Mundial Móvil en Barcelona, Steve Ballmer, CEO de Microsoft, mostró como se integrará Kinect con Windows Phone 7.

Parece ser que Microsoft por fin está entrando con paso firme en el mercado móvil. Una de las cosas que en mi opinión más le beneficiará en el futuro, será su reciente alianza estratégica con Nokia.

Pero Microsoft no se ha quedado pasivo después de el trato con la compañía finlandesa y en el video muestra como se podrán usar los móviles con Windows Phone 7 para jugar con Xbox 360 y Kinect.

Esto le da un buen empujón a su sistema operativo para mejorar la experiencia del usuario de Windows Phone 7. Ahora además de tener todas las funciones que se pueden esperar de un smartphone, también se podrán jugar videojuegos, lo que seguramente agradecerán los usuarios tanto de los teléfonos con Windows Phone 7 como lo millones de usuarios de Xbox 360 Kinect.

Las ventajas de ser un gigante de la tecnología permiten este tipo de cosas. Tener un producto exitoso, como lo es Kinect, le permite a Microsoft darle más visibilidad a su producto móvil, que hay que decirlo, hasta hoy no ha sido muy bien recibido en cuanto a ventas. Aunque la crítica está dividida. Algunos dicen que Windows Phone 7 es un gran sistema operativo y a otros no les gusta para nada.

Para Nokia esto también es una gran noticia. Ahora que tendrán a Windows Phone 7 como su sistema operativo primario, seguramente se echarán a la bolsa a varios usuarios de Xbox 360 Kinect.

La competencia en el mercado móvil se pone muy interesante. Hasta hoy iOS y Android tenían una cerrada pelea, pero hay un nuevo contendiente que puede hacerlos tambalear. Microsoft, como siempre, quiere su parte del pastel y ha entrenado bien a Windows Phone 7 para pelear con los pesos pesados.

Fuente: Tech Flash.

Logo de Windows Phone cortesía de Microsoft

Calico Electronico

2011-02-15T09:24:00.000-08:00

Aqui os dejo un portal donde se muestran todo tipo de series en flash desde las mas recomendables hasta las mas horribles, asi que si conoceis algo id a tiro hecho con el buscador como busqueda predeterminada os dejo al bueno de Calico un super cerebro quasi electronico listo para salvar al mundo gracias a sus inventos tecnologicos y recatar a toda la humanidad, Gracias, Calico!!!!

Augmented Reality 3d Engine for Andoird una buena razon para comprar un gphone

2011-02-14T14:52:00.000-08:00

Habiais oido alguna vez el termino augmented reality? en que se basa? pues es como navegar por el gooogle Earth pero dentro del mapa/excenario ved el video de la demo y me comentais si merece la pena asi hacer turismo o no...

mixare – A New Augmented Reality Engine For Android

Submitted by Nitin on Friday, 19 March 20108 Comments

Recently Lester wrote an article about all of the augmented reality browsers available, not be be outdone, when I received the scoop on a new browser being launched on Android, (my platform of choice), I had to beat him to it!

Without further ado, I would like to present: mixare (mix Augmented Reality Engine). mixare is by an Italian based firm called: Peer Internet Solutions.

From their own site:

mixare (mix Augmented Reality Engine) is a free open source augmented reality browser, which is published under the GPLv3. At the moment mixare is available for the Android platform. It works as a completely autonomous application and is available as well for the development of own implementations.

mixare Demonstration in Appiano (South Tyrol)

mixare will be the first open source augmented reality browser on Android, and we think on any mobile platform. All others; Wikitude, Layer etc… allow users to create additional layers, but do not actually open up their code.

Using mixare

Because mixare opens up all of their code, it may be applied in many different ways; from using it as a standalone application and utilising its own POIs, to embedding it as an engine in your own application (under GPLv3), an literally everything in between!

We certainly look forward to hearing about mixare’s plans for the future and to see whether they will be supporting any other platforms in the future. In the meanwhile, you can find full details and downloads on mixare’s website.

VIrtual Reality Worlds,3d grand angular projections , 3d MAth Images and Movies etc

2011-02-14T12:31:00.000-08:00

Como bien dice la cabecera de estea entrada esto es una recopilacion de mundos virtuales en 3d desde el Second Reality hasta la Exposicion de Shangai, pasando por la VREuro donde se muestran fotos de todos los lugares de Europa , os podeis sumergir en un mundo Virtual hecho por poligonos o dibujos para niños o adultos, o bien cotillear galerias y fotos curiosas de "nuestro mundo" tu eliges.

y el archi conocidisimo pero masificado Second Life

Las aventuras graficas de nuestra infancia / adolescencia

2011-02-13T22:45:00.000-08:00

Casi me echo a llorar cuando lo he visto el Loom , los police Quest, el divertido y picaro Larry, Indiana Jones, Monkey Island,Maniac Mansion , the Day of the Tentacle, todos los juegos de mi adolescencia juntitos en la misma web, horas y horas para pasar de pantalla combinando extraños objetos , charlando y echando piques con los colegas a ver quien acababa antes el juego y comprnaod revistas con los trucos cuando te atascabas y ya no habia manera , aunque por cierto uno estaba tan "picado" con el juego que al final se las arreglaba solo o con ayuda de algun avispado hermano, bueno no me enrollo mas aqui os dejo todas unas obras maestras de la informatica.

Mas toneladas de software libre para Windows y linux

2011-02-13T12:23:00.000-08:00

Aqui os dejo un link hacia varios proyectos donde se almacena software libre algunos links de cada proyecto son antiguos y no llevan a ningun lado pero la gran mayoria de ellos funciona
http://www.cdlibre.org/otros/enlaces.html

Y aqui esta la recopilacion de recopilaciones, el DVD Fuentes incluye el codigo fuente de los programas listados en las recopilaciones.
Hay software actualizado de todo tipo, no tiene desperdicio.Bon apetit.

Y aqui teneis toneladas de programas de edicion de imagenes que os vendran muy bien si seguis el curso de ASP NET para la maquetacion de las paginas

Diseño Digital con Software Libre

Lucia Álvarez 6 comentarios Imprimir
Recursos TIC Primary Education ESO FP Bachillerato Educ. permanente Herr. ofimáticas

Impregnada por el espíritu navideño y siguiendo uno de mis #tecnodeseos2011, me gustaría acabar mi contribución del año 2010 a este fantástico proyecto con un pequeño artículo dedicado al uso del Software Libre en las aulas de educación artística. Y es que mi tecnodeseo para el año que comienza es que desde todas las partes implicadas se haga un auténtico esfuerzo por el fomento del aprendizaje y uso del Software Libre en educación.

Y aunque lo ideal sería, desde mi punto de vista, que en los centros educativos se utilizara un sistema operativo de código abierto como Ubuntu, por ejemplo, descargable desde la Red de forma libre y gratuita, de fácil uso y con un entorno cada vez más amigable y sencillo, se pueden dar pequeños pasitos trabajando con programas y aplicaciones libres en Windows como OpenOffice o Mozilla Firefox. Porque aún usando sistemas operativos propietarios como Windows o Mac, hay alternativas libres para trabajar con casi todo tipo de diseños 2D y 3D como veréis en la siguiente presentación, un exhaustivo análisis deLeonardo J. Caballero G.

Diseño Gráfico Digital en Software Libre v3.21

View more presentations from Leonardo J. Caballero G.

Para trabajar el Diseño 2D:

Gimp es la alternativa más firme del software libre al popular programa de retoque fotográficoPhotoshop. Existe una versión portable que puede ser usada directamente desde una memoria USB sin necesidad de instalarse en el ordenador. Puedes conocer algunas de las funcionalidades básicas de Gimp a través del minitutorial Gimp: creación y tratamiento de imágenes y ampliar la información, acceder a multitud de tutoriales y foros desde la web del proyecto Gimp en español. Para los docentes de Educación Plástica y Visual os enlazoejemplos de Practicas de imagen digital realizadas con mis alumnos utilizando Gimp. No os perdáis tampoco los Tutoriales de Diseño Gráfico con Gimp de jEsuSdA.

Open publication - Free publishing - More imagen

Inkscape es la potente alternativa de código abierto a editores de gráficos vectoriales propietarios como Illustrator, Freehand o CorelDraw. En el estupendo blog Joaclint Istgud, de Joaquín Herrera Goás, profesor de Tecnologías de la Información: Diseño Asistido por Ordenador en el Bachillerato de Artes, está disponible la versión online y la version pdf del estupendo curso Inkscape: Logo a logo y numerosos ejemplos de trabajos realizados con este programa. También en el Proyecto Agrega.
Scribus es un programa de maquetación y publicación, alternativa libre a soluciones propietarias como Adobe PageMaker o QuarkXPress. Es un programa muy útil para crear revistas, periódicos, folletos o publicaciones escolares. Si quieres conocer más de este estupendo programa, acceder a este manual online o a este en versión pdf publicado por el profesor Antonio Cobo Cuevas, profesor de Informática en el IES Fuente de la Peña. Ejercicios prácticos en este enlace.
SynfigStudio es la alternativa libre a programas de animación 2D como Flash. Puedes ver algunas de sus posibilidades visionando el siguiente vídeo que muestra trabajos de ilustradores profesionales realizados con esta aplicación o ver más ejemplos y tutoriales en Youtube, por ejemplo.

CinePaint es un programa de Software Libre de retoque y manipulación de imágenes o fotogramas de películas. Se desarrolló a partir de la versión 1.0.4 del Gimp y se ha usado en multitud de películas como Scooby-Doo, Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal, El último Samurai,Stuart Little, Looney Tunes, El planeta de los simios o Spider-Man, entre otras, según laWikipedia.
Kompozer es un editor de páginas web libre, alternativa a programas como Adobe CS3 oDreamweaver. Para introducirte en el diseño de páginas web con Kompozer, visita los contenidos relativos a Páginas Web del curso Diseño de Materiales Web Multimedia_Web 2.0del ITE.

Para trabajar el Diseño 3D:

Blender es un programa de modelado, animación y creación de gráficos tridimensionales, alternativa libre a programas como Maya. Para familiarizarse con él, recomiendo el wikilibroBlender 3D: novato a profesional y la Guía de iniciación a Blender de Joaquín Herrera Goás y os animo a visionar Elephants Dreams, el primer corto animado realizado integramente con programas de software libre comentados en este artículo como: Blender, Gimp o CinePaint. La película se puede descargar desde el blog del proyecto denominado Orange, the open movie proyect llevado a cabo por un equipo de siete animadores y artistas.

Para ampliar la información sobre aplicaciones y herramientas de Software libre utilizables en proyectos de Diseño 2D y 3D puedes visitar:

Taller de Diseño Gráfico con Software Libre de jEsuSdA.

Herramientas frreware para Diseño de Joaquin Herrera Goás. La web es un "catálogo de freewares podrás realizar todo tipo de proyectos 2D y 3D, retoque y edición digital, audio y vídeo o poder afrontar diseños web."

Si te animas con Ubuntu, no te pierdas:

Portal hispano de Ubuntu
Guía documentada para Ubuntu
Ubuntu fácil
Tutoriales de Ubuntu en la sección Softaware Libre de EducaRed

Si te interesa el Software libre, visita:

Software Libre en EducaRed
Con el ordenador a cuestas el genial Blog de Edita Sueiras y su portal Las TIC en el aula.
Alternativas libres ofrece multitud de opciones libres a las aplicaciones y programas propietarios.
Portable Apps, espacio dedicado a las aplicaciones portables.
Proyecto Software libre: su objetivo es fomentar el uso de software libre entre los usuarios de Microsoft Windows.

Mapa conceptual del Software Libre

Si este artículo te ha parecido interesante, no puedes perderte:

"El futuro en la escuela se llama Software Libre", adaptación del artículo de Richard Stallman: "Why schools shoud exclusively use free software" en la sección Software Libre de EducaRed
Software Libre en las aulas, un exhaustivo repaso de Juanma Díaz a varias páginas y experiencias educativas que contribuyen a la difusión del software libre y su uso en el aula.

Usted directivo de gran empresa como asegurar sus mensajes en transacciones de negocio (encriptacion)

2011-02-13T08:16:00.000-08:00

Lo siguiente es veridico, no son paranoias mias, si quieren comprobarlo ustedes mismos hagan lo siguiente:

creense 2 cuentas de correo o bien trate de enviar un mensaje entre 2 moviles ,en sendos organismos, empresas

incluyan en el texto palabras "sensibles", algoritmo RSA, presidente,bomba,terrorismo,encriptacion,hipotesis de Riemman,numero primo, etc etc

trate de enviar el mensaje, este aparecera ilegile o cortado por ECHELON. Rubalcaba y SITEL lo controlan todo.

ECHELON

De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

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Un domo de radar (radomo) en la base Menwith Hill de la Real Fuerza Aérea; se cree que es usada para ECHELON.

Comunidad de países UKUSA encargada de controlar ECHELON.

ECHELON es considerada la mayor red de espionaje y análisis para interceptar comunicaciones electrónicas de la historia. Controlada por la comunidad UKUSA (Estados Unidos, Reino Unido, Canadá, Australia, y Nueva Zelanda), ECHELON puede capturar comunicaciones por radio y satélite, llamadas de teléfono, faxes y e-mails en casi todo el mundo e incluye análisis automático y clasificación de las interceptaciones. Se estima que ECHELON intercepta más de tres mil millones de comunicaciones cada día.

Contenido

[ocultar]

Objetivos

A pesar de haber sido desarrollada con el fin de controlar las comunicaciones militares de la Unión Soviética y sus aliados, se sospecha que en la actualidad ECHELON es utilizada también para encontrar pistas sobre tramas terroristas, planes del narcotráfico e inteligencia política y diplomática. Sus críticos afirman que el sistema es utilizado también para el espionaje económico de cualquier nación y la invasión de privacidad en gran escala. La existencia de ECHELON fue hecha pública en 1976 por Winslow Peck.

Organización y funcionamiento

Los miembros de esta alianza de habla inglesa son parte de la alianza de inteligencia UKUSA, que lleva reuniendo inteligencia desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El sistema está bajo la administración de la NSA (National Security Agency). Esta organización cuenta con 100.000 empleados tan sólo en Maryland (Estados Unidos) (otras fuentes hablan de 380.000 empleados a escala mundial), por lo que es probablemente la mayor organización de espionaje del mundo. La información es enviada desde Menwith Hill (Reino Unido) por satélite a Fort Meade en Maryland (EEUU).
A cada estado dentro de la alianza UKUSA le es asignado una responsabilidad sobre el control de distintas áreas del planeta. La tarea principal de Canadá solía ser el control del área meridional de la antigua Unión Soviética. Durante el período de la guerra fría se puso mayor énfasis en el control de comunicaciones por satélite y radio en centro y Sudamérica, principalmente como medida para localizar tráfico de drogas y secuaces en la región. Los Estados Unidos, con su gran cadena de satélites espías y puertos de escucha controlan gran parte de Latinoamérica, Asia, Rusia asiática y el norte de China. Gran Bretaña intercepta comunicaciones en Europa, Rusia y África. Australia examina las comunicaciones de Indochina, Indonesia y el sur de China, mientras que Nueva Zelanda barre el Pacífico occidental.
Varias fuentes afirman que estos estados han ubicado estaciones de intercepción electrónica y satélites espaciales para capturar gran parte de las comunicaciones establecidas por radio, satélite, microondas, móviles y fibra óptica. Las señales capturadas son luego procesadas por una serie de superordenadores, conocidas como diccionarios, las cuales han sido programadas para buscar patrones específicos en cada comunicación, ya sean direcciones, palabras, frases o incluso voces específicas. Según algunas fuentes el sistema dispone de 120 estaciones fijas y satélites geoestacionarios. Estos podrían filtrar más del 90% del tráfico de Internet. Las antenas de Echelon pueden captar ondas electromagnéticas y trasmitirlas a un lugar central para su procesamiento. Se recogen los mensajes aleatoriamente y se procesan mediante los diversos filtros buscando palabras clave. Este procedimiento se denomina "Control estratégico de las telecomunicaciones".

Echelon en España

Diversos medios de comunicación^[1] señalaron que el apoyo del expresidente español José María Aznar a las estrategias desarrolladas bajo la presidencia de G.W. Bush, habrían posibilitado la colaboración antiterrorista americana, incluyendo el acceso a la red Echelon^[2] ^[3] y "Carnivore". Dicha colaboración habría permitido la detención de algunos comandos de ETA^[4] ^[5] y la detención del arsenal etarra en Sokoa en el país vascofrancés^[6] ^[7] basado en el informe "Una aproximación a las tecnologías de control político" de la Fundación Omega de Mánchester y presentado en la Comisión de Libertades Públicas y Asuntos de Interior del Parlamento Europeo el 27 de enero de 1998.
La red Echelon espió al ingeniero español, José Ignacio López de Arriortúa, grabando la NSA una videoconferencia entre éste y su superior de la empresa alemana Volkswagen entregando a los EEUU la información a la norteamericana General Motors.
La actividad fue motivo de pregunta parlamentaria por parte de la diputada Begoña Lasagabaster (Eusko Alkartasuna).

Echelon en el Parlamento europeo

El Parlamento Europeo decidió crear una comisión para investigar la red ECHELON el 5 de julio de 2000. La motivación fue el informe titulado Capacidades de Intercepción 2000, en el que se informaba del uso de información recolectada por la red ECHELON para fines comerciales de los países UKUSA.
En 1994, el grupo francés Thompson-CSF habría perdido un contrato con Brasil por valor de 1300 millones de dólares en favor de la estadounidense Raytheon, gracias a información comercial interceptada por ECHELON que habría sido suministrada a Raytheon. Ese mismo año Airbus habría perdido un contrato de 6000 millones de dólares con Arabia Saudita en favor de las empresas estadounidenses Boeing y McDonnell Douglas, gracias a que las negociaciones entre Airbus y sus interlocutores árabes habrían sido interceptadas por ECHELON, y la información facilitada a las empresas norteamericanas^[8]
En 2001, el Parlamento Europeo en Acta del 5 de septiembre de 2001, emitió un informe en el que se expresa que: "considerando que no hay ninguna razón para seguir dudando de la existencia de un sistema de interceptación de las comunicaciones a nivel mundial" constató la existencia de un sistema de interceptación mundial de las comunicaciones, resultado de una cooperación entre los Estados Unidos, el Reino Unido, Canadá, Australia y Nueva Zelanda siendo "la finalidad del sistema es la interceptación, como mínimo, de comunicaciones privadas y comerciales, y no militares"

Oposición civil

La red de espionaje fuera del control judicial supone una privación de la libertad individual consagrada en diferentes textos legislativos internacionales y nacionales; siendo este el motivo por el que el 21 de octubre de 2001, se organizó a través de Internet un intento de colapsar o socavar a Echelon.

Referencias en la cultura popular

Referencias en películas

En la película Echelon Conspiracy (2009), un joven ingeniero estadounidense recibe, sin previo aviso, un teléfono móvil a través del cual empieza a recibir mensajes que le prometen acceder a informaciones secretas de forma totalmente anónima y enriquecerse así hasta límites inabarcables. Ello le convierte en el punto de mira del gobierno y de un amplio despliegue a nivel internacional por parte de quienes anhelan hacerse con el poderoso aparato.
En la película El Ultimátum de Bourne (2007), la oficina de la CIA en el Reino Unido intercepta una palabra de las consideradas como "alerta" en una conversación a través de un teléfono móvil de un periodista británico, gracias a la red ECHELON. Dicha red de escuchas es nombrada varias veces en la película.
La película In ascolto está basada en Echelon.
La película Enemigo Público también está basada en Echelon. Su título original en inglés es "Enemy of the State", es decir, enemigo del estado.
También en la película Eagle Eye o Control Total (2008), se hace referencia a una super computadora que es capaz de controlar y vigilar todas las actividades humanas y no humanas y tomar una decisión si es necesario, lo cual nos hace pensar inmediatamente que se trata del sistema Echelon.

Referencias en series de TV

Principalmente en la Serie Americana: "24" (serie de TV) se utiliza el término ECHELON para el uso de tecnología de avanzada para la intervención y captación datos; llamadas telefónicas, emails etc.
También en la serie de TV americana Alias se hace mención en múltiples ocasiones sobre el sistema ECHELON y su uso como se describe arriba, al cual tiene acceso la CIA y su futura división de Operaciones Secretas APO.

Referencias en libros

En el libro de Clive Cussler La piedra sagrada también se hace referencia en varias páginas al sistema de control de comunicaciones ECHELON.
En el libro de José Carlos Somoza Zigzag se hace referencia al sistema de control ECHELON.
En el libro de Nacho García Mostazo Libertad vigilada se detalla la existencia de la red.
En el libro Mossad, la historia secreta, en inglés conocido como Gideon's Spies, se relaciona a ECHELON con el sistema de inteligencia israelí.
En el libro Pattern Recognition (Mundo espejo en la versión española) de William Gibson se hace referencia a este sistema, vinculado al espionaje político e industrial.
En el libro de Dan Brown La fortaleza digital hace referencia a una máquina llamada TRANSLTR que posee la NSA, que en realidad no es otra cosa que ECHELON.
En el libro de Jim Hougan "El último Merovingio" se hace también mención a la red ECHELON

Referencias en videojuegos

En el juego Deus Ex, de 1999, se habla de la red ECHELON en una de las secuencias del juego.
En el popular juego "Splinter Cell" se hacen importantes referencias. Se crea un sucesor del actual ECHELON ("Second Echelon" o Segundo Echelon), esta termina colapsando por el gran flujo de información y se crea "Third Echelon" o Tercer Echelon, que combinó su red con otro programa de entrenamiento de super-espías, que bautizaría el juego: "Splinter Cell".
En el videojuego The moment of silence toda la trama se desarrolla alrededor de un sistema de espionaje internacional, cuya información se utiliza para supuesto beneficio de la sociedad. ECHELON, también es nombrado en el juego, como precedente al sistema actual.

Referencias en música

La banda italiana de reggae Radici Nel Cemento edito en su disco Alla Rovescia el tema "ECHELON", denunciando a la red de espionaje en su letra.
La banda americana 30 Seconds to Mars publicó su tema "Echelon" para la banda sonora de la película El núcleo.

La banda denominó con este término a su grupo de seguidores, identificándolos con el mismo significado de la palabra. Por lo tanto el Echelon es un grupo de devotos admiradores, "believers" o creyentes de su mensaje, quienes promocionaron a 30 Seconds to Mars desde sus comienzos: mediante el boca a boca, pegando carteles y repartiendo panfletos; pidiéndolos en las radios y canales televisivos... un sinfín de maneras. Ahora, pasado el tiempo, el Echelon se ha convertido en una de las bases de fans más grande y mejor organizada, distribuida alrededor del mundo

Notas y referencias

↑ US ofrece a España espiar a ETA "US offers to spy on Eta for Spain" (The Guardian, junio de 2001) (artículo en inglés)
↑ Echelon contra ETA ("Libertad Digital")
↑ ¿Echelon contra ETA? ("El Mundo")
↑ El «Telegraph» afirma que agentes británicos investigan en el País Vasco las conexiones ETA-IRA: ...Washington también estaría suministrando a nuestro país material especial de la red de espionaje electrónico anglo-americana «Echelon», tal como anunció a finales del año pasado en España un alto cargo del FBI (ABC, 2002)
↑ La Vanguardia cree que Echelon pudo servir para desmantelar el comando Donosti
↑ Reportaje "Echelon. The most secret spy system." 2003 Eye Too Productions para Canal de Historia
↑ Castrillo, Rocío. "¡Ojo! El imperio nos espía." Revista Cambio 16 num. 1463 de 20 de diciembre de 1999.
↑ El programa ECHELON (UGT, 1999)

Véase también

Angloesfera

Enlaces externos

Wikimedia Commons alberga contenido multimedia sobre ECHELON.Commons
UKUSA Agreement Release 1940-1956
Mapa mundial de la red de espionaje (en alemán)
Informe sobre la existencia de un sistema mundial de interceptación de comunicaciones privadas y económicas (PDF de la EU, 204 pag, 2001)
El Parlamento Europeo constata la existencia de una red de interceptación de las comunicaciones
El Parlamento Europeo lamenta que un año después de la detección de Echelon, aún no se hayan tomado medidas
Nacho García Mostazo. Libertad Vigilada. Ediciones B. Enero de 2002.

Mensaje de distracción

De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

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Se llaman mensajes de distracción a aquellas comunicaciones con contenido falso intercambiadas entre dos interlocutores que se saben o que presienten, debido a alguna crítica circunstancia política, económica, industrial o tecnológica, que están siendo observados, interceptados, filmados o grabados por agentes de algún tipo de Servicio de Inteligencia.
Igualmente esta búsqueda de información es llevada a cabo por personas inescrupulosas dedicadas a la comercialización de información clasificada y que obedecen al objetivo del lucro debido a la preocupación de otro país en determinado tema.

[editar] Existen varias formas de mensajes de distracción

a.- Un funcionario diplomático, por una serie de indicios, percibe que es interceptado ya que su país se encuentra en situación de tensa relación diplomática con otro país. En este caso el diplomático puede ponerse de acuerdo con su Cancillería para en determinado momento enviar una información falsa por fax que se sabe va a ser interceptada, a fin de que el Servicio de Inteligencia en búsqueda de información o casi en situación de acoso, empiece a buscar pistas por otro lado, hecho que permite distraer la atención de las comunicaciones reservadas por otros medios que tiene el representante con su representada.
b.- Similar caso con intercambio de información telefónica.
c.- Dejar mensajes escritos a mano con información equivocada a medio terminar, cuando el representante diplomático se va a ausentar de su vivienda y sabe que su residencia va a ser “visitada” por el Servicio de Inteligencia del país receptor. En este caso, se “siembran” invisibles trampas para saber si ha ocurrido o no.
d.- Mencionar, supuestamente en privado pero en el marco de una reunión pública donde se sabe que se está siendo interceptado, que una información de vital importancia es llevada a su destino por una persona cuyo nombre es inventado y que los documentos ya salieron del país, con escala en tal o cual sitio antes de llegar a donde se espera recibir la información.
En algunos casos, el mensaje de distracción es una sabrosa forma de responder por otros medios al acoso extremo, visiblemente incómodo y lindando en lo grotesco que por desesperación es realizado por un servicio de inteligencia hacia un diplomático que representa un país en situación de guerra o que representa, debido a ruptura de relaciones diplomáticas, a otro país en situación de guerra .
Mensajes de distracción han sido utilizados, entre otros innumerables casos, durante la Guerra de las Malvinas.
Esta ilegal forma de búsqueda de información realizada por los servicios de inteligencia normalmente se orientan a embajadas, representaciones ante organismos internacionales, altas esferas del gobierno de un país, empresas de alta tecnología e inclusive organismos internacionales (por ejemplo, caso de espionaje de los servicios de inteligencia británicos^[1] a Kofi Annan en su oficina de las Naciones Unidas^[2] ).

[editar] Véase también

[editar] Referencias

Obtenido de "http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensaje_de_distracci%C3%B3n"

Categorías: Diplomacia | Secretos | Servicios de inteligencia

Buenos dias a todos , este esta acabando por resultar un blog muy curioso donde hay un cajon de sastre para todos y para todo. veamos usted es directivo de una gran empresa y va a llevar a cabo una gran transaccion comercial de millones de euros y quiere que nadie se entere de sus propositos con su cliente/distribuidor , mejor que la encriptacion https, mejor que las redes punto a punto y que cualquier combinacion de correo encriptado es el uso de imagenes captxha para no ser capturado por las dichosas redes de espionaje de nuestros gobiernos vease Echelon.,con esta web se puede generar un codigo de verificacion http://www.google.com/recaptcha , aunque la idea basicament es es que todo el documento original quede transformado de texto a imagen.captcha deformada,reventar un protocolo SSL y la mayoria de los algoritmos de encriptacion se basan en obtener unos gigantes numeros primos que su par forman la clave privada y obtener una publica que es el producto de dos privadas asi con la clave publica podemos ambos desencriptar los mensajes para desfactorizar en primos hay algortimos y metodos mas o menos rapidos mas o menos lentos que pueden correr en superordenadores mas o menos rapidos mas o menos lentos pero detectar el texto que compone una imagen distorsionada al azar de al menos 4 paginas de caracteres es una tarea que ni un ordenador cuantico puede abordar.
aqui teneis el codigo fuente para generar todo el documento usadlo en vuestros departamentos de informatica y a dormir por fin tranquilos!!!-

A Simple CAPTCHA Image Verification in C# and ASP.Net

Websites(hosted in internet domains) that offer users to post contents will have a greater threat from spammers and automated programs that can submit spam contents. So, it is vital to have a mechanism to verify the users if they are really humans who are posting the contents.

The following little article will help fighting this threat using a simple CAPTCHA image verification developed using HttpHandler and Session variable.

To develop this,

Include a Generic HttpHandler that can render the content of a Session variable as an image. Refer the below code snippet that generates an image from Session variable.

Captcha.ashx

<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="Captcha" %>

using System;

using System.Web;

using System.Drawing;

using System.IO;

using System.Web.SessionState;

public class Captcha : IHttpHandler, IReadOnlySessionState

{

public void ProcessRequest (HttpContext context) {

Bitmap bmpOut = new Bitmap(200, 50);

Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmpOut);

g.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;

g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Black, 0, 0, 200, 50);

g.DrawString(context.Session["Captcha"].ToString(), new Font("Verdana", 18), new SolidBrush(Color.White), 0, 0);

MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();

bmpOut.Save(ms, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);

byte[] bmpBytes = ms.GetBuffer();

bmpOut.Dispose();

ms.Close();

context.Response.BinaryWrite(bmpBytes);

context.Response.End();

}

public bool IsReusable {

get {

return false;

}

Read my previous code snippet that explains how to generate image from a string using C# and ASP.NET. The above HttpHandler uses the same code discussed in the code snippet. Rendering the contents as an image will prevent the automatic software programs from reading its contents.

How to use it in our ASPX page?

It is very simple. Include an ASPX page (Default.aspx in our example). Drag an Image control and textbox control to enter the displayed code. With the help of custom validator control, we can validate the user input with Session variable content. Refer the below code that has the ASPX markup.

Default.aspx

<div>

<asp:CustomValidator ID="CustomValidator2" runat="server" ControlToValidate="txtVerify"

ErrorMessage="You have Entered a Wrong Verification Code!Please Re-enter!!!" OnServerValidate="CAPTCHAValidate"></asp:CustomValidator>

<asp:Image ID="imCaptcha" ImageUrl="~/CAPTCHA/Captcha.ashx" runat="server" />

<asp:TextBox ID="txtVerify" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>

<asp:Button ID="btnSave" runat="server" OnClick="btnSave_Click" Text="Save" /></div>

Default.aspx.cs

public partial class CAPTCHA_Default : System.Web.UI.Page

{

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

//ImageVerification

if (!IsPostBack)

{

SetVerificationText();

}

public void SetVerificationText()

{

Random ran = new Random();

int no = ran.Next();

Session["Captcha"] = no.ToString();

}

protected void CAPTCHAValidate(object source, ServerValidateEventArgs args)

{

if (Session["Captcha"] != null)

{

if (txtVerify.Text != Session["Captcha"].ToString())

{

SetVerificationText();

args.IsValid = false;

return;

}

else

{

SetVerificationText();

args.IsValid = false;

return;

}

protected void btnSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

if (!Page.IsValid)

{

return;

}

//Save the content

Response.Write("You are not a SPAMMER!!!");

SetVerificationText();

}

The above code initializes the Session variable (Session["Captcha"]) with a random number which is then rendered as a image by the HttpHandler on execution of the page.

The page will be returned to the user with an error message "You have Entered a Wrong Verification Code!Please Re-enter!!!", if the user types a wrong code in the verification textbox.

Happy Coding!!!

Its to say that even a captcha document can be beaten with a network neural based imaging program
but it takes in combination with common cryptography more difficult to beat it

see the article

http://www.brains-n-brawn.com/default.aspx?vDir=aicaptcha

today by today the only secure 100% crypting algorithm is the optical use of entanglement lights its not due i say its due physics and the world has been created.

http://cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~rbwu/course/QC/Imoto1999.pdf

thank you very much and best regards

Echelon (signals intelligence)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Echelon (disambiguation).

A radome at RAF Menwith Hill, a site withsatellite downlink capabilities believed to be used by ECHELON.

RAF Menwith Hill

Misawa Air Base Security Operations Center (MSOC)

ECHELON is a name used in global media and in popular culture to describe a signals intelligence (SIGINT) collection and analysis network operated on behalf of the five signatory states to the UK–USA Security Agreement (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States, known as AUSCANNZUKUS).^[1]^[2] It has also been described as the only software system which controls the download and dissemination of the intercept of commercial satellite trunk communications.^[3]

ECHELON was reportedly created to monitor the military and diplomatic communications of the Soviet Union and its Eastern Bloc allies during the Cold War in the early 1960s, but since the end of the Cold War it is believed to search also for hints of terrorist plots, drug dealers' plans, and political and diplomatic intelligence.^{[citation needed]}

The system has been reported in a number of public sources.^[4] Its capabilities and political implications were investigated by a committee of the European Parliament during 2000 and 2001 with a report published in 2001,^[5] and by author James Bamford in his books on the National Security Agency of the United States.^[3]

In its report, the European Parliament states that the term ECHELON is used in a number of contexts, but that the evidence presented indicates that it was the name for a signals intelligence collection system. The report concludes that, on the basis of information presented, ECHELON was capable of interception and content inspection of telephone calls, fax, e-mail and other data traffic globally through the interception of communication bearers including satellite transmission, public switched telephone networks (which once carried most Internet traffic) and microwave links.^[5]

Bamford describes the system as the software controlling the collection and distribution of civilian telecommunications traffic conveyed using communication satellites, with the collection being undertaken by ground stations located in the footprint of the downlink leg.

[hide]

[edit]Organization

UKUSA Community
Australia Canada New Zealand United Kingdom United States of America

The UKUSA intelligence community is assessed by the European Parliament to include the signals intelligence agencies of each of the member states - the National Security Agency of the United States, the Government Communications Headquarters of Britain, the Communications Security Establishment of Canada, the Defence Signals Directorate of Australia, and the Government Communications Security Bureau of New Zealand. The EP report concludes that it seems likely that ECHELON is a method of sorting captured signal traffic, rather than a comprehensive analysis tool.^[5]

[edit]Capabilities

The ability to intercept communications depends on the medium used, be it radio, satellite, microwave, cellular or fiber-optic.^[5] During World War II and through the 1950s high frequency ("short wave") radio was widely used for military and diplomatic communication,^[6] and could be intercepted at great distances.^[5] The rise of geostationary communications satellites in the 1960s presented new possibilities for intercepting international communications. The report to the European Parliament of 2001 states: "If UKUSA states operate listening stations in the relevant regions of the earth, in principle they can intercept all telephone, fax and data traffic transmitted via such satellites."^[5]

The role of satellites in point-to-point voice and data communications has largely been supplanted by fiber optics. As of 2006, 99% of the world's long-distance voice and data traffic was carried over optical-fiber.^[7] The proportion of international communications accounted for by satellite links is said to have decreased substantially over the past few years in Central Europe to an amount between 0.4 and 5%.^[5]Even in less-developed parts of the world, communications satellites are used largely for point-to-multipoint applications, such as video.^[8] Thus the majority of communications cannot be intercepted by earth stations, but only by tapping cables and intercepting line-of-sight microwave signals, which is possible only to a limited extent.^[5]

One method of interception is to place equipment at locations where fiber optic communications are switched. For the Internet much of the switching occurs at relatively few sites. There have been reports of one such intercept site, Room 641A, in the United States. In the past much Internet traffic was routed through the U.S. and the UK, but this has changed; for example 95% of intra-German Internet communications was routed via the DE-CIX Internet exchange point in Frankfurt in 2000.^[5] A comprehensive worldwide surveillance network is possible only if clandestine intercept sites are installed in the territory of friendly nations, or local authorities cooperate. The report to the European Parliament points out that interception of private communications by foreign intelligence services is not necessarily limited to the U.S. or British foreign intelligence services.^[5]

Most reports on ECHELON focus on satellite interception; testimony before the European Parliament indicated that separate but similar UK-USA systems are in place to monitor communication through undersea cables, microwave transmissions and other lines.^[9]

[edit]Controversy

Intelligence monitoring of people in the area covered by the AUSCANZUKUS security agreement has caused concern. Some critics claim the system is being used not only to search for terrorist plots, drug dealers' plans, and political and diplomatic intelligence but also for large-scale commercial theft, international economic espionage and invasion of privacy. British journalist Duncan Campbell and New Zealand journalistNicky Hager asserted in the 1990s that the United States was exploiting ECHELON traffic for industrial espionage, rather than military and diplomatic purposes.^[10] Examples alleged by the journalists include the gear-less wind turbine technology designed by the German firm Enercon^[11]^[12] and the speech technology developed by the Belgian firm Lernout & Hauspie.^[13] An article in the US newspaper Baltimore Sunreported in 1995 that European aerospace company Airbus lost a $6 billion contract with Saudi Arabia in 1994 after the US National Security Agency reported that Airbus officials had been bribing Saudi officials to secure the contract.^[14]^[15]

In 2001 the Temporary Committee on the ECHELON Interception System recommended to the European Parliament that citizens of member states routinely use cryptography in their communications to protect their privacy, because economic espionage with ECHELON has been conducted by the US intelligence.^[5]

Bamford provides an alternate view, highlighting that legislation prohibits the use of intercepted communications for commercial purposes, although does elaborate on how intercepted communications are used as part of an all-source intelligence process.

[edit]Hardware

According to its website the USA's National Security Agency is "a high technology organization... on the frontiers of communications and data processing". In 1999 the Australian Senate Joint Standing Committee on Treaties was told by Professor Desmond Ball that the Pine Gap facility was used as a ground station for a satellite-based interception network. The satellites are said to be large radio dishes between 20 and 100 meters in diameter in geostationary orbits.^{[citation needed]} The original purpose of the network was to monitor the telemetry from 1970s Soviet weapons, air defense radar, communications satellites and ground based microwave communications.^[16]

[edit]Name

The European Parliament's Temporary Committee on the ECHELON Interception System stated: "It seems likely, in view of the evidence and the consistent pattern of statements from a very wide range of individuals and organisations, including American sources, that its name is in fact ECHELON, although this is a relatively minor detail."^[5] The U.S. intelligence community uses many code names (see, for example, CIA cryptonym).

Margaret Newsham claims that she worked on the configuration and installation of some of the software that makes up the ECHELON system while employed at Lockheed Martin, for whom she worked from 1974 to 1984 in Sunnyvale, California, USA and in Menwith Hill, England, UK.^[17] At that time, according to Newsham, the code name ECHELON was NSA's term for the computer network itself. Lockheed called it P415. The software programs were called SILKWORTH and SIRE. A satellite namedVORTEX would intercept communications. An image available on the internet of a fragment apparently torn from a job description shows Echelon listed along with several other code names.^[18]

[edit]Ground stations

In 2001 the European Parliamentary (EP) report^[5] lists several ground stations as possibly belonging to or participating in the ECHELON network. These include:

[edit]Likely satellite intercept stations

The following stations are listed in the EP report (p. 54 ff) as likely to have a role in intercepting transmissions from telecommunications satellites:

Hong Kong (since closed)
Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station (Geraldton, Western Australia)
Menwith Hill (Yorkshire, UK) Map(reportedly the largest Echelon facility)^[19]
Misawa Air Base (Japan)
GCHQ Bude, formerly known as GCHQ CSO Morwenstow, (Cornwall, UK) Map
Pine Gap (Northern Territory, Australia - close to Alice Springs) Map
Sugar Grove (West Virginia, US) Map
Yakima Training Center (Washington, US) Map
GCSB Waihopai (New Zealand)
CFS Leitrim (Ontario, Canada)

[edit]Other potentially related stations

The following stations are listed in the EP report (p. 57 ff) as ones whose roles "cannot be clearly established":

Ayios Nikolaos (Cyprus - UK)
Bad Aibling Station (Bad Aibling, Germany - US)
- - moved to Griesheim in 2004^[20]
Buckley Air Force Base (Aurora, Colorado, US)
Fort Gordon (Georgia, US)
Gander (Newfoundland & Labrador, Canada)
Guam (Pacific Ocean, US)
Kunia (Hawaii, US)
Lackland Air Force Base, Medina Annex (San Antonio, Texas, US)

[edit]See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Echelon

ADVISE
ANCHORY SIGINT intercept database
Frenchelon
Onyx (interception system), the Swiss "Echelon" equivalent
Surveillance
UKUSA Agreement

[edit]References

^ Google books - Echelon By John O'Neill, Jack O'Neill
^ "AUSCANNZUKUS Information Portal". auscannzukus.net.. Retrieved 2010-02-01.
^ ^a ^b Bamford, James; Body of Secrets, Anchor, ISBN 0-385-49908-6; 2002
^ One of the earliest was a New Statesman article entitled Someone's Listening in 1988
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Schmid, Gerhard (2001-07-11). "On the existence of a global system for the interception of private and commercial communications (ECHELON interception system), (2001/2098(INI))" (pdf - 194 pages). European Parliament: Temporary Committee on the ECHELON Interception System. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
^ The Codebreakers, Ch. 10, 11
^ "NSA eavesdropping: How it might work". CNET News.com. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
^ "Commercial Geostationary Satellite Transponder Markets for Latin America : Market Research Report". Retrieved 2006-08-27.
^ For example: "Nicky Hager Appearance before the European Parliament ECHELON Committee". April 2001. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
^ "Nicky Hager Appearance before the European Parliament ECHELON Committee". April 2001. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
^ Die Zeit: 40/1999 "Verrat unter Freunden" ("Treachery among friends", German), available at Zeit.de
^ Report A5-0264/2001 of the European Parliament (English), available atEuropean Parliament website
^ "Amerikanen maakten met Echelon L&H kapot". daanspeak.com. 2002-03-30. Retrieved 2008-03-28. (Google's translation of the article into English).
^ "Echelon: Big brother without a cause". BBC News. 2000-07-06. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
^ "Interception capabilities 2000". Retrieved 2006-08-27.
^ Commonwealth of Australia, Official Committee Hansard (9 August 1999). Joint Standing Committe on Treaties, Reference: Pine Gap.
^ Elkjær, Bo; Kenan Seeberg (1999-11-17). "ECHELON Was My Baby". Ekstra Bladet. Retrieved 2006-05-17.“Unfortunately, I can’t tell you all my duties. I am still bound by professional secrecy, and I would hate to go to prison or get involved in any trouble, if you know what I mean. In general, I can tell you that I was responsible for compiling the various systems and programs, configuring the whole thing and making it operational on mainframes"; "Margaret Newsham worked for the NSA through her employment at Ford and Lockheed from 1974 to 1984. In 1977 and 1978 Newsham was stationed at the largest listening post in the world at Menwith Hill, England...Ekstra Bladet has Margaret Newsham’s stationing orders from the US Department of Defense. She possessed the high security classification TOP SECRET CRYPTO."
^ "Names of ECHELON associated projects – image without any context". in"Interception Capabilities 2000 - PART 1". 2003-12-18. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
^ Le Monde Diplomatique, September 2010
^ According to a statement by Terence Dudlee, the speaker of the US Navy in London in an interview to the German HR
US-Armee lauscht von Darmstadt aus (German), hr online, 1 October 2004

[edit]Further reading

Aldrich, Richard J.; GCHQ: The Uncensored Story of Britain's Most Secret Intelligence Agency, HarperCollins, July 2010. ISBN 9780007278473
Bamford, James; The Puzzle Palace, Penguin, ISBN 0-14-006748-5; 19832
Bamford, James; The Shadow Factory: The Ultra-Secret NSA from 9/11 to the Eavesdropping on America, Doubleday, ISBN 0385521324; 2008
Hager, Nicky; Secret Power, New Zealand's Role in the International Spy Network; Craig Potton Publishing, Nelson, NZ; ISBN 0-908802-35-8; 1996
Keefe, Patrick Radden Chatter: dispatches from the secret world of global eavesdropping; Random House Publishing, New York, NY; ISBN 1-4000-6034-6; 2005

DEMOSCENE, DEMO QUE?

2011-02-12T09:40:00.000-08:00

Bueno ya que todos habreis visto en la WEB/BLOG la seccion retro con el applet emulador de x86,la seccion retro con los juegos emuladores online de commodore 64 y spectrum y los emuladores de maquinas como el virtualBox y despues de haber apreciado la ultima tecnologia en motores 3D de ultima generacion como unity3d y away3d , viene otra seccion retro de todas las plataformas de todos los tiempos la demoscene me imagino que ya habreis oido alguna vez por television hablar de la Euskal Party o la Campus Party donde se concentra durente una semana gran parte del ancho de banda de inet de todo el pais asi como gran parte de musicos digitales,crackers,informaticos desarrolladores,linuxeros y demas tipos de calañaje y pelaje informatico para perpetrar el evento asi como cada vez mas curiosos con un unico fin el de dormir poco, conocer en persona gente y pasarlo muy bien.

como aun despues de haber leido los blogs todavia os estareis preguntando y que mas se muestra en este tipo de eventos, ademas de construir robots, acudir a charlas de especialistas ende terminados temas ? , visionar Demos y quedar embelsados con su imagen , su musica y su sincronizacion en tiempo real, si si habeis leido bien una demo no es mas que una ejecucion de intrucciones por parte de la maquina que hace que el motor3d represente en real time la renderizacion de la imagen con el sonido, ahora podeis decir buah y que ventaja tiene esto con respecto a un video , a parte de que es mas "rapida" su sensacion,ocupa en disco infinitamente menos espacio normalmente las producciones de demoscene se suelen clasificar en 4kb,64kb y 5-15Mb o mas o algo menos, aqui os dejo como de costumbre lo mejor de lo mejor un ejemplo la web de the produkt diriamos que es una demo-intro, una intro de 64kb que dura 11 minutos en pantalla sin repetirse... sus creadores farbraush creo que asi es la historia, si no corregidme, se "cerraron" en una casa en los Alpes durante 2 semanas para crearla y promocionarse como profesionales, todo un mito de la demoscene del año ya 2000 hace 11 años ni mas ni menos... Aqui va un generador de escenarios/texturas por si os animais a hacer algo , p.ej . si seguis el curso de javascript. y aqui a continuacion va la biblioteca digital de Demos Pouet donde podreis buscar vuestras demos favoritas nacionales e internacionales en formato video,you tube o ejecutable para su plataforma, si os dais cuenta hasta hace bien poco se hace retro informatica hay intros para zx spectrum commodore 64 de no hace tanto!!.

web based software de edicion de imagenes

2011-02-10T14:56:00.000-08:00

Editor de Imagenes repositorio online gratis.

Top 15 Online Free Web-based Image Editing Applications

Saturday, 13 June 2009 14:08 Joseph Design Tools

The vast majority of people don’t really need heavyweight image editing applications like Photoshop or Aperture. Luckily, you can find a lot of great, online applications that’ll do just fine for some simple everyday photo editing tasks. so web-based image editing applications to change your photos into works of art. You don’t have to pay a dime; you usually don’t even have to download anything to your computer. You simply sign in, upload the photos that you want to play with to the image-editing app of your choice and make magic.

Although There are lots of image editing applications out there, some focus on resizing, some on image editing, and others on photo enhancements.

1. Splashup

Splashup is the only full-featured, free range, image editor online Or, if you're looking for a more fun and casual image editing experience. ...

2. Pixlr

Pixlr is a free online photo editor. Edit, adjust and filter your images. No registration jump right in!

3. Aviary

Aviary- Edit images, create mind-blowing effects, design logos, find colors, collaborate, and more. All you need is a web browser

4. Picnik

Picnik makes your photos fabulous with easy to use yet powerful editing tools. Tweak to your heart's content, then get creative with oodles of effects & more...

5. flauntr

flauntr - Offers lots of effects separated in to different sections to make it jump to just want you want to do, such as photo editing in editR, or adding text in textR. Works in all browsers and moves fairly quickly.

6. Online Image Editor

Free Online Image Editor create your own animated gifs resize crop avatars and images. Pimp or make over your favorite pics here.

7. FotoFlexer

FotoFlexer is the most powerful online photo editor in existence. It can remove blemishes, change skin/hair color, morph photos and more! 100% free.

8. Lunapic

Lunapic - Free Online Photo Editor. Photo and paint effects. Great for Myspace, Facebook or bebo. Lunapics Image manipulation. animated Gif creator..

9. Resize.it

Phixr - Online image editor with basic editing features and photo albums integration

10. Phixr

Resize it Online image resize utility to resize pictures or photos and images quickly for free. Resize jpg, png or gif pictures and Digital Photos

11. Online Photo Tool

This website lets you do all the basics (sharpening, changing contrast, rotating) along with a few more advanced features (changing edges, etc.) It’s not the best application out there but there’s not much wrong with it either.

12. 72 Photos

This is another website that serves as not only a place to edit photos but also a place to store your photos. All basic editing tools are available (resizing, rotating, etc.) and can be shared within the community on the site or through other Web 2.0 sites.

13. Snipshot

This is one of the web-based image-editing tools which has been around the longest (you might know it from its previous name: Pixoh). It’s got an easy-to-use interface and a lot of the basic features that you’d want from your image-editing program.

14. Adobe Photoshop Express

Of course, if you like Photoshop then you might want to go with a Photoshop program. This is the free web-based version of their software. It obviously doesn’t have all of the perks but it does have quality.

15. Picture2Life

lista de bases de datos online de todo tipo

2011-02-10T14:42:00.000-08:00

List of online databases

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of online databases accessible via the Internet.

[hide]

[edit]0 - 9

10eastern

[edit]A - B

A

B

[edit]C - F

C

CAMPUS (database)
Caspio
Catholic-Hierarchy
CellarTracker
ChEBI
Chemical Abstracts Service
ChessGames.com
Cidob Foundation
Cinema and Science (CISCI)
CiteSeer
The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies
Comic book price guide
Comics Buyer's Guide
Credo Reference
Croatian National Corpus
Current Biography

D

E

Earth Human STR Allele Frequencies Database (EHSTRAFD)
EBSCO
Encyclopedia Astronautica
Encyclopedia Mythica
English Short Title Catalogue
Entrez
Everyone's a Critic

F

[edit]G - I

G

Gallica
Game Rankings
GD3 Data
Genenetwork
GEO-LEO (GEO Library Experts Online)
Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke
GetCITED
Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names
Google Base
Grand Comics Database

H

I

IBISWorld
Incunabula Short Title Catalogue
I.N.D.U.C.K.S.
IndexMaster
Indian Railways Fan Club
InTechOpen
Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD)
Interment (website)
International Directory of Philosophy
Internet Adult Film Database
Internet Archive
The Internet Book Database
The Internet Book Database of Fiction
Internet Book List
Internet Broadway Database
Internet Movie Database
Internet Off-Broadway Database
Internet Public Library
Internet Speculative Fiction Database
Internet Theatre Database
ISBNdb.com

[edit]J - N

J

JibJab
JEFIND

K

Kdo byl kdo
Killer List of Videogames

L

LexisNexis
The Literary Encyclopedia

M

Making the History of 1989
ManyDesigns Portofino
Maven Semantic Healthcare Database
MedlinePlus
Metacritic
Metropolitan Travel Survey Archive
Mindat.org
MobyGames
Movie Review Query Engine
Movie Tome
Msdsonline
My Database Online
Mydatabase.biz

N

[edit]O - S

O

OSVDB
On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
Opposing Viewpoints

P

Paradisec (Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures)
PHI-base
Philosophy Research Index
Plant DNA C-values Database
Plants for a Future
Pouët
Price guide
ProQuest
Proteomics Identifications Database (PRIDE)
Psephos
PsycINFO
Progarchives
PubChem
Public Radio Fan
PubMed Central

R

RedLightGreen

S

[edit]T - Z

T

U

Uchronia: The Alternate History List
Ultimate Guitar Archive

V

Virtuoso Universal Server

W

Web of Science
Who's Who (UK)
WinCustomize
Wind ENergy Data & Information (WENDI) Gateway
World Biographical Information System Online
WorldCat
WorldWide Molecular Matrix

Z

[edit]See also

List of academic databases and search engines
List of biodiversity databases
List of neuroscience databases

lista de recursos de bibliotecas y libros digitales especializados

2011-02-10T14:38:00.000-08:00

List of digital library projects

Name	Subject(s)	Description	Provider(s)
Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project(Ahlul Bayt DILP)	Islam	Digitizes and presents resources related to history, law, and society of the Islamic religion and its personalities with particular emphasis on the Twelver Shi'ah Islamic school of thought.	Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project^[1]
Aozora Bunko	Japanese language	Digitized Japanese language texts.	Aozora Bunko^[2]
Arnetminer	Computer science& Information science	A free online service used to index and search academic social networks, hosted at Department of Computer Science and Technology of Tsinghua University	Arnetminer^[3]
Arts and Humanities Data Service	Arts & Humanities	Images, texts and datasets largely collected from UK universities. Ceased operation in 2008. Website is still active.	King's College London^[4]
ArXiv	Science	Preprints in mathematics, physics, computer science, quantitative biology and statistics.	Cornell University^[5]
L'Association des Bibliophiles Universels	French language	Digitizes French texts in the public domain.	Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers^[6]
Ludwig von Mises Institute: Literature	Libertarianism &Economics	Libertarian and Austrian School economics resources	Ludwig von Mises Institute^[7]
Avalon Project	Legal studies &History	Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy	Yale Law School^[8]
Baen Free Library	Science Fiction &Fantasy	Science fiction and fantasy from publishing house Baen Books.	Baen Books^[9]
Bookshare	General	A library serving accessible books (DAISY and BRF) to people with print disabilities. Currently over 42,000 popular and educational books in the collection	Benetech^[10]
British History Online	History	Core printed primary and secondary sources for the medieval and modern history of the British Isles.	Institute of Historical Research, the History of Parliament Trust, and the University of London^[11]
British Library: Online Gallery	General	The British Library's Online Gallery provides online access to a wide variety of its materials.	British Library^[12]
California Digital Library
CARPET	Computer science& Information science	A free online community that gives an overview and a collaboration platform for academic reviewing, publishing and editorial software technology	CARPET^[13]
Carrie		An early full text electronic library
Center for Research Libraries	General	(CRL): Edward Hunter (1902–1978) collection
Chinese Text Project	Chinese classic texts	Electronic library of early Chinese texts.
Christian Classics Ethereal Library
Choral Public Domain Library
CiteSeerX	Computer science& Information science	A Scientific Literature Digital Library and Search Engine hosted at Information Sciences and Technology at the Pennsylvania State University	Pennsylvania State University
Civil Rights Litigation Clearinghouse	Civil Rights
The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies
The Complete Works of Charles Darwin Online	Biology
Cornell University Library Windows on the Past
DELOS	General	European Network of Excellence on Digital Libraries
Digicoord	General	Digitisation's projects of Swiss libraries and archives	Swiss National Library
Digital Accounting Collection	Accounting
Digital Bibliography and Library Project
Digital Himalaya	Himalayas
Digital library for Dutch literature		Government-funded digital library project.
Digital Library of Georgia	General
Digital Library of India
Directory of Open Access Journals	General
Domínio Público
EEBO - Early English Books Online
EuroDocs: Online Sources for European History
Europeana		Linking archives, libraries, museums and audio-visual material from across Europe.
The European Library	General
European NAvigator		First Digital Library on the history of a united Europe.
EUscreen		EUscreen provides free online access to Europe's television heritage	EUscreen^[14]
Gallica		French digital library
Greenpilot	Nutrition,Environment,Agriculture	A digital library focussing on Nutritional, Environmental and Agricultural Sciences. Targeting both scientific researchers and the interested public it aims to provide the user with relevant scientific literature which is both easy to access and of high quality.	German National Library of Medicine, ZB MED
Greenstone (software)	General
Google Books	General
HathiTrust	General
Higher intellect project	General	250,000+ texts on a variety of subjects
Humanities Text Collection			University of Michigan^[15]
Humbul		humanities hub
Hungarian Electronic Library	Hungary
ibiblio	General
Indiana University Digital Library Program	General
International Dunhuang Project	Manuscripts	International collaborative effort to conserve, catalogue and digitise manuscripts, printed texts, paintings, textiles and artefacts from Dunhuang and other archaeological sites at the eastern end of the Silk Road.	British Library and twenty other institutions
International Music Score Library Project
Internet Archive	General
Internet History Sourcebooks Project
Internet library sub-saharan Africa (ilissAfrica)
Internet Sacred Text Archive
Islamicdoc Digital Library Project (Islamic information and documentation center, Qom, Iran )	Islamic sciences	Organizing, digitizing and presenting resources related to Islamic(Shi'ah)sciences and religion based on Islamic thesauruses.	islamicdoc Digital Library Project^[16]
JournalServer	General	An international initiative to create a free digital library of academic journals
JSTOR	General	Subscription required. Page image archive of important scholarly journals, with searchable OCR text.
KIDS-D	General	Collections of free learning resources in Thai. A digital library developed under Knowledge Sharing and Collaborative Thinking Project.	Knowledge Sharing and Collaborative Thinking Project, http://www.ait.ac.th Asian Institute of Technology (AIT)
Kujawsko-Pomorska Digital Library	General
LacusCurtius	Classical studies	Ancient Rome texts and Archaeology
The Latin Library
Library of Congress Digital Library project	General
Library of Economics and Liberty			Liberty Fund
Literary Kicks
Making of America collections	General
Marefa		Digitizes Arabic classics and classics of other languages that are written in Arabic script.	^[17]
Marx and Engels Internet Archive
Marxists Internet Archive
Maryland Digital Cultural Heritage	General
Michael: Multilingual Inventory of Cultural Heritage in Europe	General	A project funded by the European Commission to give access to digital collections in European archives, museums and libraries.
Michigan Digitization Project	General
Miguel de Cervantes Virtual Library	General
Million Book Project	General
The Muslim Philanthropy Digital Library		MPDL covers material from 1900 to the present. It encompasses the diverse cultural, political and social factors influencing the practice of philanthropy as well as the significant contributions from across Muslim-majority countries to contemporary global philanthropic practice	The Muslim Philanthropy Digital Library^[18]
Musopen
Mutopia project
NALANDA
National Academies Press	General	More than 3600 books freely available in open access formats
National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program	General
National Library for the Blind	General
New England Historic Photographs Archive		A searchable archive of glass plate historic photographs from the New England area in the USA.
New York Public Library NYPL Digital Gallery	General
New Zealand Electronic Text Centre
OSU Library Electronic Publishing Center	General
Online Books Page	General	Provides an extensive list of digital book available online.
Online Text Library of the University of Texas at Austin	General
On This Day
Open Content Alliance	General
Open Library	General
Open University Library	General	The online Library from the Open University is a gateway to a wide range of online information resources. The Library website provides access to a world-class collection of resources that enhance the learning experience of students and support the learning, teaching, research and personal development of members of staff.	Open University Library
Oxford Text Archive	General
Pandora Archive	General
Papyrus European research project	General
Perseus Project	General
Project Ben-Yehuda		Digitizes Hebrew classics.
Project Diana		Online Human rights library
Project Gutenberg	General	Founded in 1971, was the first project to create a library of freely available online texts.
Project Gutenberg Australia	General	Providing texts under Australian copyright law.
Project Laurens Janszoon Coster		A collection of Dutch high literature; no longer maintained since 2001.
Project Madurai		A collection of Tamil literature. [5]
Project Noolaham	General
Project Rastko		publishes Serbian and Serbian-related digital material, both in public domain and copyrighted.
Project Runeberg	Nordic languagetexts
Project Sugita Genpaku		Translating any text without permission, if there is no copyright trouble. Commercial use of texts is also allowed.
Projekt Gutenberg-DE
Questia Online Library	General
Rare Book Room	General
Rubicon Research Repository	environmental physiology
SciElo
Sophie
Texas Digital Library	General
Text Creation Partnership	General	Three collections (EEBO/TCP, ECCO/TCP, Evans/TCP)
TITUS - Thesaurus of Indo-European Texts and Language Materials database		Aims to prepare all textual material relevant for Indo-European Studies (including Middle Iranian, Tocharian etc.) in electronic form for analysis	Goethe University Frankfurt^[19]
Traditional Knowledge Digital Library	India	Repository of the traditional knowledge of India, setup to protect the ancient and traditional knowledge of the country from exploitation such as Unethical patents and monopolization
Tufts Digital Library	General	Digitized holdings of the University archives with manuscript collections such as the Edward R. Murrow and Walter B. Wriston collections.	Tufts University
UK Web Archiving Consortium (UKWAC)	General
United States National Agricultural Library	Agriculture
US National Library of Medicine
Universal Digital Library	General
University of Michigan Library Digital Library Production Service	General
University of Wisconsin Digital Collections	General		University of Wisconsin–Madison^[20]
vascoda	General	German internet-portal for scientific and scholarly information, offering interdisciplinary and subject-specific search
Virtually Missouri	General	Digital collections from Missouri libraries, museums, and cultural institutions
Welsh Journals Online	General		National Library of Wales
Wordtheque		Word by word multilingual library
World Wide Web Virtual Library	General
Wikibooks	General	A digital library of new books edited in a similar way to Wikipedia.
Wikisource		A digital library of out of copyright books edited in a similar way to Wikipedia.
Wired for Books		A project of the WOUB Center for Public Media at Ohio University.
Wisconsin Heritage Online		A collaborative statewide portal to Wisconsin's history.
Wisconsin Historical Society Digital Collection	History	Wisconsin state, regional, and local history books, journals, and museum collections	Wisconsin Historical Society^[21]
World Digital Library	General		Library of Congress
zeno.org

[edit]See also

List of academic databases and search engines
List of internet search engines
List of journals available free online
List of online encyclopedias
List of online databases
Panjab Digital Library

[edit]References

^ Al-Islam.org
^ Aozora Bunko (in Japanese)
^ Arnetminer.org
^ Arts and Humanities Data Service
^ ArXiv
^ ABU: l'Association des Bibliophiles Universels
^ [1]
^ Avalon Project: Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy
^ Baen Free Library
^ Bookshare - Accessible Books for Individuals with Print Disabilities
^ British History Online
^ British Library: Online Gallery
^ Carpet-Project.net
^ [2]
^ Humanities Text Collection
^ [3]
^ Marefa
^ [4]
^ The TITUS (Thesaurus of Indo-European Texts and Language Materials) database
^ University of Wisconsin Digital Collections
^ Wisconsin Historical Society Digital Collection

Mas recursos buscadores academicos y bases de datos especializadas

2011-02-10T14:36:00.001-08:00

tambien a un nivel todavia mas especializado esta el contenido de Bases de Datos y Bibliotecas de Universidades

en muchos casos hay que pertenecer a una biblioteca pero en otros muchos como podeis ver el contenido se puede buscar con un buscador

y es gratuito de acceso publico

List of academic databases and search engines

Note that "free" or "subscription" can refer both to the availability of the database or of the journal articles included. This has been indicated as precisely as possible in the lists below.

Name	Discipline(s)	Description	Access Cost	Provider(s)
Academic Search	Multidisciplinary	Several versions: Complete, Elite, Premier, and Alumni Edition^[1]	Subscription	EBSCO Publishing ^[2]
Aerospace & High Technology Database	Aerospace, Aeronautics,Astronautics		Subscription	ProQuest^[3]
AJOL: African Journals OnLine	Multidisciplinary	African journals	Free abstracts; Subscription full-text	African Journals OnLine^[4]
AgeLine	Sociology, Gerontology	Includes information on aging-related topics, including economics, public health and policy.	Subscription	EBSCO Publishing [6]
AGRICOLA: Agricultural Online Access	Agriculture		Free & Subscription	Produced by the United States National Agricultural Library. Free access provided by NAL^[5]. Subscription access provided byProquest^[6], OVID^[7].
AGRIS: Agricultural database	Agriculture	Covers agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, aquatic sciences and fisheries, human nutrition, extension literature from over 100 participating countries. Material includes unique grey literature such as unpublished scientific and technical reports, theses, conference papers, government publications, and more.	Free	Produced by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://agris.fao.org AGRIS
Airiti Inc	Multidisciplinary	China, Taiwan.	Subscription	Airiti Inc^[8]
Analytical Abstracts	Chemistry		Subscription	Royal Society of Chemistry^[9]
Analytical sciences digital library	Analytical sciences		Free	National Science Digital Library and the Analytical Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society^[10]
Anthropological Index Online	Anthropology	Index only (no abstracts or full-text).	Free	Royal Anthropological Institute ^[11]
Anthropological Literature	Anthropology		Free to Harvard faculty, staff and students. Subscription for non-Harvard access.	Maintained by Harvard University. Non-Harvard access provided by OCLC^[12]
Arachne	Archaeology, Art history	German language	Free	German Archaeological Institute & the University of Cologne, administered by Reinhard Foertsch^[13]
Arnetminer	Computer Science	Online service used to index and search academic social networks	Free	Tsinghua University^[14]
Arts & Humanities Citation Index	Arts, Humanities	Part of Web of Science	Subscription	Thomson Reuters^[15]
arXiv	Physics, Mathematics, Computer science, Nonlinear sciences,Quantitative biology and Statistics		Free	Cornell University^[16]
Association for Computing Machinery Digital Library	Computer Science, Engineering		Subscription	Association for Computing Machinery^[17]
Astrophysics Data System	Astrophysics, Geophysics, Physics		Free	Harvard University^[18]
ATLA Religion Database	Religious studies	Provides information on topics such as biblical studies, world religions, church history, and religion in social issues	Subscription	^[19]
AULIMP: Air University Library's Index to Military Periodicals	Military Science		Free	Air University^[20]
BASE: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine	Multidisciplinary		Free	Bielefeld University ^[21]
Beilstein database	Organic chemistry		Subscription	Elsevier ^[22]
Biological Abstracts	Biology	A complete collection of bibliographic references covering life science and biomedical research literature published from more than 4,000 journals internationally.	Subscription	Available from Thomson Reuters^[23]
BioOne	Biology, Ecology, andEnvironmental Science	An aggregation of over 78,000 peer-reviewed, full-text articles on current research in Biodiversity Conservation, Biology, Ecology, Plant Sciences, Entomology, Ornithology, and Zoology.	Free Abstract & References, Subscription Collections, and an Open Access Collection	Available from BioOne^[24]
Bioinformatic Harvester	Biology, Bioinformatics	A meta search engine for 50 major bioinformatic databases and projects.	Free	Available from Liebel-Lab [7] KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology [8]
Book Review Index Online	Book reviews		Subscription	Thomson Gale^[25]
Books In Print	Books		Subscription	R.R. Bowker^[26]
Chemical Abstracts Service	Chemistry		Subscription	American Chemical Society^[27]
ChemXSeer	Chemistry		Free	Pennsylvania State University^[28]
Chinese Social Science Citation Index	Social sciences		Subscription	Nanjing University^[29]
Cochrane Library	Medicine, Healthcare	Includes reviews of research to promote evidence-based healthcare.	Subscription	Wiley Interscience^[30]
CINAHL: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health	Nursing, Allied Health		Subscription	EBSCO^[31]
CHBD: Circumpolar Health Bibliographic Database	Medicine		Free	University of Calgary^[32]
Citebase Search	Mathematics, Computer science,Physics	Semi-autonomous citation index of free online research	Free	University of Southampton^[33]
CiteSeer	Computer Science	Replaced by CiteSeerX.	Free	Pennsylvania State University^[34]
CiteSeerX	Computer Science		Free	Pennsylvania State University^[35]
CogPrints: Cognitive Sciences Eprint Archives	Science (General)		Free	University of Southampton^[36]
The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies	Computer science		Free	Alf-Christian Achilles^[37]
Compendex	Engineering	Electronic version of Engineering Index.	Subscription	Elsevier^[38]
Current Index to Statistics	Statistics	Limited free search^[39]	Subscription	American Statistical Association and the Institute of Mathematical Statistics^[40]
Current Contents	Multidisciplinary	Part of Web of Knowledge. Contains 7 discipline-specific subsets.	Subscription	Thompson Reuters^[41]
Directory of Open Access Journals	Journals		Free	Lund University^[42]
DBLP	Computer science	Comprehensive list of papers from major computer science conferences and journals	Free	University of Trier, Germany
EconLit	Economics	The American Economic Association's electronic database, the world's foremost source of references to economic literature.	Subscription	Produced by the American Economic Association ^[43]. Available from CSA, DIALOG, OCLC, OVID, and AEA.^[44]
EMBASE	Biomedicine, Pharmacology	Biomedical database with a strong focus on drug and pharmaceutical research.	Subscription	Elsevier^[45]
ERIC: Educational Resource Information Center	Education	Education literature and resources. Provides access to over 1.3 million records dating back to 1966.	Free	Produced by the United States Department of Education^[46]. Also available by subscription from OCLC, CSA.
Food Science and Technology Abstracts	Food science, Food technology,Nutrition	The world's leading database of information on food science, food technology and nutrition	Subscription	Produced by the International Food Information Service. Access provided by OVID, Web of Knowledge, Dialog, DataStar and STN International^[47]
FOREASt: Free Open Resources for East Asian Studies	East Asian Studies	Covers over 300 free and open access resources for studying China, Japan, and Korea, including online databases, digital collections, and open access journals.	Free	Internet East Asian Library^[48]
Fuse	Business research papers	A business research engine, indexing 728 open-access ejournals and similar open sources. Does not search press releases or trade magazines.	Free	Fuse^[49]
GENESIS	Women's history	Descriptions of women's history collections from sources in the UK, as well as women's history websites.	Free	London Metropolitan University^[50]
German Education Index	Education	A bibliographical database that provides comprehensive references to all areas of education.	Free	Coordinating Office of the German Education Index^[51]
Google Scholar	Multidisciplinary		Free	Google^[52]
GoPubMed	Medicine		Free	Transinsight GmbH ^[53]
HubMed	Medicine	An alternative interface to the PubMed medical literature database	Free	Alf Eaton^[54]
IEEE Xplore	Computer Science, Engineering,Electronics		Subscription	IEEE ^[55]
Information Bridge: Department of Energy Scientific and Technical Information	Energy	1991–present.	Free	United States Department of Energy^[56]
Informit	Multidisciplinary	Australasian aggregator of bibliographic databases and journals	RMIT Publishing^[57]
Infotopia	Multidisciplinary	United States search engine of academic sites approved by librarians, teachers, and consortia	Free	Dr. Michael Bell^[58]
IngentaConnect	Multidisciplinary		Free searching; Subscription full-text	Ingenta^[59]
Inspec	Physics, Engineering, Computer Science	The leading bibliographic database providing abstracts and indexing to the world's scientific and technical papers in physics, electrical engineering, electronics, communications, control engineering, computing, information technology, manufacturing, production, and mechanical engineering.	Subscription	IET^[60]
InTechOpen	Multidisciplinary	Open access books and journals in science, technology and medicine.	Free	InTech^[61]
International Directory of Philosophy	Philosophy	Contains information on university philosophy departments and programs, philosophical societies, research centers, journals, and philosophy publishers around the world.	Subscription	Philosophy Documentation Center^[62]
Intute	Multidisciplinary	Serves students, teachers, and researchers in UK further education and higher education, offering a selection of around 300,000 academic websites which have been hand-picked and described by subject specialists.	Free	Intute^[63]
Intwine	Arts and Humanities	Allows the searching of the full-text of all academic websites catalogued by the Intute arts and humanities service from 2005–2010.	Free	Intwine^[64]
JournalSeek	Multidisciplinary	Open access journals in different language	Links to journal's home page and publishers	JournalSeek^[65]
JSTOR: Journal Storage	Multidisciplinary (Historical)		Subscription	JSTOR^[66]
JURN	Arts and Humanities	Search and retrieve the full-text of over 3,600 scholarly ejournals in the arts and humanities.	Free	JURN^[67]
MathSciNet	Mathematics	Available in print as Mathematical Reviews	Subscription	American Mathematical Society^[68]
MedlinePlus	Medicine		Free	Produced by the United States National Library of Medicine, theUnited States National Institutes of Health, and the United States Department of Health and Human Services^[69]
Merck Index	Chemistry, Biology, Pharmacology	Also available in print.	Subscription	Produced by Merck & Co.. Available from CambridgeSoft Corporation, Dialog, Knovel, MedicinesComplete, STN International^[70]
Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts	Meteorology, Astrophysics,Geology		Subscription	Produced by the American Meteorological Society. Available from Dialog^[71] and CSA^[72].
Microsoft Academic Search	Computer Science and a limited extent on information science	Provides many innovative ways to explore scientific papers, conferences, journals, and authors^[73]	Free	Microsoft
NBER: National Bureau of Economic Research	Economics		Free	National Bureau of Economic Research^[74]
National Criminal Justice Reference Service^[75]	Criminology, Sociology	Abstracts of scholarly journal articles, agency and NGO reports, and conference proceedings	Free	United States Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs^[76]
National Diet Library Collection	Multidisciplinary	Japanese. Catalog for the National Library of Japan.		National Diet Library^[77]
OAIster	Multidisciplinary		Free	OCLC ^[78]
Odysci Academic Search	Computer Science, Electrical Engineering and related research topics	A web portal for academic search and rank and technical collaboration, in the computer science, electrical engineering and related research topics.	Free	Odysci ^[79]
Open J-Gate	Journals	Index of open access journals	Free	Informatics India Ltd.^[80]
OpenSIGLE	Grey literature	Indexes European grey literature.	Free	Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique^[81]
Philosophy Documentation Center eCollection	Applied ethics, Philosophy,Religious studies	Journals, series, conference proceedings, and other works from several countries.	Subscription	Philosophy Documentation Center^[82]
Philosophy Research Index	Philosophy	Index of books, journals, disserations, and other documents	Subscription	Philosophy Documentation Center^[83]
PhilPapers	Philosophy		Free	PhilPapers^[84]
POIESIS: Philosophy Online Serials	Philosophy	Journals and series	Subscription	Philosophy Documentation Center ^[85] and InteLex Corporation^[86]
PsycINFO	Psychology	The largest resource devoted to peer-reviewed literature in behavioral science and mental health. It contains over 2.6 million citations and summaries dating as far back as the early 19th century.	Subscription	Produced by the APA^[87]. Available from several database vendors.^[88]
PubMed	Medicine		Free	National Institutes of Health and the U.S. National Library of Medicine^[89]
PubChem	Chemistry		Free	National Center for Biotechnology Information and the U.S. National Library of Medicine ^[90]
Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature	Journals and Magazines	Coverage: 1983–present.	Subscription	H. W. Wilson Company^[91]
Reader's Guide Retrospective: 1890–1982	Journals and Magazines		Subscription	H. W. Wilson Company^[92]
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics	Economics		Free	Volunteer Collaboration ^[93]
Rock's Backpages	Music	Primary documents from the history of rock and roll	Subscription. Limited free access with registration.	Backpages Limited^[94]
SafetyLit^[95]	Multidisciplinary	Citations and abstracts of journal articles and reports from researchers working in the more than 35 distinct professional disciplines (architecture - zoology) relevant to preventing unintentional injuries, violence, and self-harm.	Free	San Diego State University Graduate School of Public Health^[96]and the World Health Organization, Department of Violence and Injury Prevention^[97]
Science Citation Index	Science (General)	Part of Web of Science	Subscription	Thompson Reuters^[98]
ScienceDirect	Multidisciplinary		Subscription	Elsevier^[99]
Scirus	Science (General)		Free	Elsevier^[100]
Scopus	Multidisciplinary		Subscription	Elsevier^[101]
SeDiCI UNLP ^[102]	Multidisciplinary	Journal articles, conferences' proceedings, theses, pictures and all the Intellectual Creation from the National University of La Plata	Free	National University of La Plata^[103]
Social Science Citation Index	Social science	Part of Web of Science	Subscription	Thompson Reuters^[104]
Socol@r: Socolar	Multidisciplinary	Scholarly open access resources in different language	Free abstracts; Links to full-text	Socolar^[105]
SSRN: Social Science Research Network	Social science	Contains an abstracts database and a electronic paper collection, arranged by discipline.	Free	Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc.^[106]
SSRRN: Social Science Research Resources Network	Social science	Indexes datasets and statistical codes	Free	Social Science Research Resources Network =^[107]
SPIRES-HEP	Physics, (High Energy)		Free	Stanford Linear Accelerator Center & partners ^[108]
SpringerLink	Multidisciplinary		Free abstract & preview; Subscription full-text	Springer ^[109]
TDG Scholar	Computer science		Free. Aggregates scholarly articles.	The Distributed Group^[110]
Udemy	Multidisciplinary	Allows anyone to teach and learn online through videos, webinars, forums, and more.	Free	Udemy
Ulrich's Periodicals Directory	Periodicals]		Subscription	Proquest^[111]
VADLO	Biomedicine, Life science	Categories indexed: Protocols, Online tools, Powerpoints, Databases, Software	Free	VADLO^[112]
Web of Knowledge	Multidisciplinary	Includes other products, such as Web of Science, Biological Abstracts & The Zoological Record	Subscription	Thomson Reuters^[113]
Web of Science	Science (General)	Includes other products, such as Social Science Citation Index & Science Citation Index.	Subscription	Thomson Reuters^[114]
WestLaw	Law (General)		Subscription	Thomson Reuters
WorldCat	Multidisciplinary	Unified catalog of member libraries' catalogs	Free and Subscription versions	OCLC^[115]
Zasshi Kiji Sakuin: Japanese Periodicals Index	Journals	Japanese.		National Diet Library's Online Catalog^[116], MagazinePlus^[117],CiNii^[118]
Zentralblatt MATH	Mathematics	First three records free without subscription.	Subscription	Springer Science+Business Media^[119]
The Zoological Record	Zoology	Unofficial register of scientific names & papers in Zoology. Coverage 1864–present.	Subscription	Thompson Reuters^[120]