historic sites in indonesia

2010-05-10T12:44:00.001-07:00

Lake Toba

Lake Toba is a volcanic lake with a length of 100 kilometers and 30 kilometers wide, located in North Sumatra province, Indonesia. In the middle of this lake there is a volcanic island called Samosir Island.
Lake Toba has long been an important tourist destination in addition to Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra Lake Toba da estimated when the explosion occurred around 73000-75000 years ago and an eruption Supervolcano (super volcano), the most recent. Bill Rose, and Craig Chesner from Michigan Technological University estimate that volcanic materials of the mountain spit out as much as 2800 km ³, with 800 km ³ of rock and 2,000 km ³ overlies the volcanic ash which is expected in the wind to west for two weeks. Volcanic dust in the wind has spread to half the earth, from China to South Africa. The explosion occurred during the first week and throw dust reaches 10 km above sea level.
This incident caused mass death and also participated in several species extinction. According to some DNA evidence, this eruption also shrink the number of people until about 60% of the total human population of the earth at that time, which is about 60 million people. The eruption was also contributes to the ice age, although experts are still debating.
After the eruption, the caldera formed which was then filled with water and became what is now known as Lake Toba. Pressure upward by magma that has not come out cause the appearance of Samosir Island.
International multidisciplinary research team, led by Dr. Michael Petraglia, revealed in a press conference in Oxford, the United States that has found a new archeological site quite spectacular by the geologist in the south and north India. On the site it was revealed how people survive, before and after volcanic eruptions (Supervolcano) Toba at 74 000 years ago, and evidence of life beneath the ash heap of Mount Toba. Though the source of the eruption is 3000 miles, from the distribution of ashes.
For seven years, experts from Oxford University is researching ecosystem project in India, to search for evidence of life and the lives they left behind equipment in a barren desert. Wide area with thousands of hectares of this was just savanna (grassland). Meanwhile, animal bones scattered. The team concluded, in large areas is apparently covered with dust from ancient volcanic eruptions.
The spread of volcanic dust was extremely spacious, found almost worldwide. Derived from an ancient Supervolcano erruption, namely Mount Toba.Dugaan leads to Mount Toba, since found evidence of molecular forms of the same volcanic ash at 2100 points. Since caldera crater is now a lake Toba in Indonesia, up to 3000 miles, from the eruption source. Even that is quite surprising, it turns out that the spread of dust until caught up to the North Pole. This reminds the experts, how powerful eruption of Toba super volcano at the time. Evidence is found, strengthening the suspicion, that the strength of the eruption, and sea waves could wipe out life on Atlantis.n Nias, attracting domestic and foreign tourists.

2010-05-10T12:07:00.000-07:00

Masjid Agung Demak

is one of the oldest mosques in Indonesia. The mosque is located in the village Kauman, Demak, Central Java. The mosque is believed to have a gathering place of scholars (guardian) spread Islam, also called the Wali Sanga, to discuss the spread of Islam in Java in particular and Indonesia in general. The founder of this mosque is estimated Raden Patah, the first king of the Sultanate of Demak, at about the 15th century AD.

Architecture
This mosque has a main buildings and porches. Main building has four main pillars, called pillars. This pillar is said to come from splinters of wood, so called 'saka tatal'Bangunan foyer is an open building. Pyramid-shaped roof is supported by eight pillars which are called Saka Majapahit.

Inside the Great Mosque of Demak complex locations, there are several tombs of the kings of the Sultanate of Demak and servant. There were also a museum, which contains various things about the history of the establishment of the Great Mosque of Demak.

2010-05-10T11:29:00.000-07:00

History

National Monuments National Monument located in Central Jakarta, was built in the 1920s.
The National Memorial was built in an area of 80 hectares. This monument diarsiteki Silaban and R. Friedrich M. Soedarsono, began construction August 17, 1961, and July 12, 1975 inaugurated by Indonesian President Soeharto.
Development aims Monas monument commemorate and preserve Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1945 revolution, in order terbangkitnya inspire patriotism and spirit of present and future generations.
Monument towering monument and symbolizes the phallus (pestle or anatan) full dimensions of typical Indonesian national culture. All of the court of the cup symbolizes the yoni (the barn). Alu and the barn is a household appliance found in almost every house the indigenous population of Indonesia.
National Monument experiencing five times the renaming Gambier Field, Field Ikada, Merdeka Square, National Monument, and Monument Park. Around the monument there are gardens, two ponds and some open field where the exercise at the holidays.

Construction and Exhibition

Memorial shape this one is very unique. A obeliks stone marble yoni phallus-shaped fertility symbol is 132 meters high.
At the top of the National Monument there are cup-shaped, supporting a bronze torch flame which weighs 14.5 tonnes and gold plated 35 Kilogram. Flame or torch as a symbol of the struggle of the Indonesian people who want to achieve independence.
Peak with an area of 11x11 Courtyard can accommodate as many as 50 visitors. In the elevator there are bodies all around the emergency staircase made of iron. From the top of the monument Monas courtyard, the visitor can enjoy spectacular views across the city of Jakarta. Southerly direction with a strong standing in the distance Mount Salak in Bogor regency, West Java, stretching north sea with small islands scattered. When turned to the West extends the Soekarno-Hatta Airport at any time seen a plane take off.
From the peak of the court, 17 m back to the top, there is a tongue of fire, made of bronze weighing 14.5 tons and a diameter of 6 m, consists of 77 sections together.
Courtyard top of the monument in the form of "unremitting Nan Fire", which means that symbolizes the nation of Indonesia to the fight of all time has never subsided. High court of the cup from the bottom of 17 m and 8 m. space history museum Size of square-shaped courtyard, measuring 45x45 m, is the preservation of sacred figures Proclamation of Independence (17-8-1945).

2010-05-08T14:05:00.000-07:00

Mount Tangkuban

Tangkuban Mount or Mount Tangkuban Perahu is one mountain that lies in the province of West Java, Indonesia. Approximately 20 km to the north of Bandung, with a lush carpet of pine trees and tea garden around it, the mountain has Tangkuban altitude 2084 meters tall. This mountain forms are Stratovulcano with eruptive center shifted from east to west. Type of rock is mostly excreted through the eruption of lava and sulfur, sulfur mineral sulfur is removed, minerals emitted when the mountain is not active sulfur vapor. Tangkuban Perahu Mountain Region is managed by Perum Forestry. Daily average temperature is 17oC in the daytime and 2 oC at night.
Tangkuban mountain forests have Dipterokarp Mount, Top Dipterokarp forest, Montane forest, and mountain forests or forest Ericaceous.

Local folk legend

The origin of Mount Tangkuban Sangkuriang legends associated with, as narrated in love with his mother, Dayang Sumbi. To thwart the intention of marrying her son, Dayang Sumbi filed Sangkuriang create conditions so that the boat overnight. When his efforts failed, Sangkuriang angry and kicked the boat that landed upside-down. The boat is then formed Tangkuban Mt.
Mount Tangkuban This includes an active volcano that status continues to be supervised by the Directorate of Volcanology Indonesia. Some of the crater is still showing signs of liveliness mark this mountain. Among these signs is the emergence of volcanic gases and sulfur hot springs at the foot of her mountain of them are in kasawan Ciater, Subang.
The existence of this mountain and the topography of the Bandung basin with hills and mountains on each side reinforces the theory of the existence of a lake (crater) which is currently a major area of Bandung. Believed by geologists that the plateau region of Bandung with a height of approximately 709 m above sea level is the remnant of an ancient volcanic eruption known as Mount Sunda, and Mount Tangkuban is the remainder of an ancient volcano is still active Sunda. This phenomenon can be seen on Mount Krakatau in the Sunda Strait and the area of Ngorongoro Conservation Area in Tanzania, Africa. So the legend Sangkuriang community area which is a story that is believed to be a community area of documentation of an ancient volcano on the sunda events at that time.

2010-05-08T13:50:00.000-07:00

Menteng Stadium

Menteng Stadium is a stadium capacity of 10 000 spectators who had existed on Jalan HOS Cokroaminoto, Menteng, Central Jakarta, on land that is now the Menteng Park. Field initially was established in 1921 under the name Voetbalbond Indische Omstreken Sport (Viosveld). The stadium was designed by Dutch architect, F.J. Kubatz and P.A.J. Moojen. The stadium development is then used by Persija.
Persija soccer stadium in Menteng is one of the proud citizens of Jakarta and most historic, both in the history of the City of Jakarta and persepak bolaan in Jakarta and Indonesia. Many Indonesian football legend was born here, like Djamiat Kaldar, Abdul Kadir, Idris Iswadi, Anjas Asmara, or Ronny Pattinasarani.
Since 1921, the land area of 3.4 hectares, which is now the Persija stadium has been used as a place to exercise the Dutch people. Furthermore, the stadium is used for the general public, and in 1961 up to now used as a place to play and practice for the team Persija. In 1975, the Governor of Jakarta Decree of 1975 set this stadium as one of the cultural heritage that must be protected.
Before occupying the stadium Menteng, Persija has conducted various training programs such as club members held a competition, age group competitions, training the senior team and the team at various age levels IKADA stadium now known as the National Monument (Monas). Then, as the Monas development programs in 1958, the stadium was moved to the stadium Menteng Persija submitted directly by the first Indonesian president, Sukarno, in 1960

Transfer of Functions

Jakarta Governor Sutiyoso plans to change the function into the Garden of Menteng Menteng Stadium starts since 2004. Around September 2004, the Agency of DKI Jakarta Menteng Park open design competition, public open space versatile. Contests emphasis on problem-solving theme park through an underground parking and public spaces that have a contemporary character. Soebchardi Rahim with the design theme "Dual Memory" as the winner. Design contest winners certainly taste the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta, which eliminates the historic stadium that has been aged 84 years. While retaining the design to integrate with the existence of the stadium and park the versatile interactive instead rejected.
Since the beginning of the existence of the stadium which is one water catchment areas in Central Jakarta were already planned to move. Emphasis on the theme of design, presenting an underground car park, clearly we see the efforts to eliminate water infiltration in the region.

Restructuring plan Menteng Park as it ever sticking in when Surjadi Soedirdja become Governor of DKI Jakarta (1992-1997). However, consideration will destroy the water catchment, Surjadi reject the plan. Landscape Architecture Study Group chaired by Joga Nirwono Yudi, said it had warned against the move plan and make the park Menteng Stadium versatile. However, DKI Jakarta Provincial Government took no notice.
Head of Jakarta Provincial Agency Sarwo Handayani said that the estimated construction cost of Menteng Park valued at USD 45 billion they paid the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta. While the management of pregnant pascapembangunan independently managing the financing principles with alternative forms of the governing body and the second is cooperation with private parties.
Assistant to the Regional Secretariat for Economic Jakarta Ma'mun Amin said, the management of Lebak Bulus Stadium by Bakrie Group with 20-year contract will expire in the year 2010. For the management takeover in the middle of the road, the Child Welfare must pay the compensation money is not worth Rp 13 billion in cash.
This is done because the old manager still has not paid social facilities and public facilities to the Government of the Province of Land Use Designation Permit (SIPPT) in Mega Kuningan, South Jakarta.
Menteng Park plans will have sports facilities futsal, badminton, jogging, soccer parks and monuments, as well as three-storey parking building with a capacity of 200 cars. Cost is budgeted for construction of Menteng Park in the amount of 32 billion rupiah, from the Budget of the Region in 2006.
On April 28, 2007, the park was established and designated as public parks have sports facilities, 44 recharge wells, and parking area.

2010-05-08T13:36:00.000-07:00

Museum Trowulan

Museum Trowulan is the archaeological museum located in Trowulan, Mojokerto, East Java, Indonesia. The museum was built to store the various artefacts and archaeological evidence found in the vicinity Trowulan. This place is one of Indonesia's most important historic sites associated with the history of the kingdom of Majapahit.
Most of the museum's collection hails from the kingdom of Majapahit, but the collection also covers the different eras in the history of East Java, as the kingdom KAHURIPAN, Kediri, and Singhasari. The museum is located on the western edge of the pond Segaran. Trowulan Museum is a museum which has a collection of relics from the most comprehensive Majapahit in Indonesia.

History
History Museum Trowulan closely related to the history of archaeological sites Trowulan. Ruins of ancient cities in Trowulan discovered in the 19th century. Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, governor general of Java, between the years 1811 until the year 1816 reported the presence of temple ruins that are spread on an area of several miles. At that time this area overgrown with dense teak forests so as not possible to conduct surveys and more detailed.
Urgent need to prevent looting and theft of artifacts from the site is the main reason Trowulan built such a simple repository that eventually evolved into the Museum Trowulan. The museum was founded by Henri Maclaine Pont, a Dutch architect as well as an archaeologist, and thanks to the role of regent of Mojokerto, Kanjeng Duke Ario Kromodjojo Adinegoro.
New Museum officially opened in 1987. Building this museum covers an area of 57 625 square meters, this building holds a collection of old Trowulan Museum and various stone statues that previously stored in the Museum of Mojokerto.
Construction of the new museum has been proposed in this area and this location has been proposed to become a UNESCO World Heritage area.

2010-05-08T13:25:00.000-07:00

Church Blenduk Semarang

Blenduk Church (sometimes spelled Blendug Church and often dilafazkan as mBlendhug) is the oldest Christian church in central Java, built by the Dutch community living in the city in 1753, with a hexagonal shape (square-eight). The church is actually called GPIB Immanuel Church, at Jl. Letjend. Suprapto 32. Large dome, coated with bronze, and in it there is a Baroque organ. Architecture in it are based on a Greek cross. The church is renovated in 1894 by W. Westmaas and H.P.A. de Wilde, who added the two towers in front of this church building. Blenduk name is the nickname of the local community which means dome. The church is until now still used every Sunday. Around the church there are also a number of other buildings from the Dutch colonial period.

2010-05-07T12:32:00.000-07:00

Lawang Sewu

represents a building in Semarang, Central Java, which is the office of the Nederlands-Indische Maatschappij Spoorweg or NIS. Built in 1904 and completed in 1907. Tugu Muda is located at the first roundabout called Wilhelmina Plein.
Local people call it Lawang Sewu (Thousand Door). This is because the building has a lot of doors (in fact the door that there was not until a thousand, maybe also because the window height and width of this building, people also consider it as a door).
Ancient buildings and stately two-story was used as an office after the independence of the Railway Bureau of Indonesia (DKARI) or now PT Kereta Api Indonesia. Also never been used as an Office Facility Board of the Regional Military Command (Kodam IV / Diponegoro) and Regional Office (Regional Office) Department of Transportation, Central Java. During the struggle of this building has its own historical record of events during a five-day battle in Semarang (14 October to 19 October 1945) in this old building became the location of a great battle between youth AMKA or Youth Train against Kempetai and Kidobutai, Japan. Therefore, Semarang City Government Mayor SK 650/50/1992, embodying Lawang Sewu as one of 102 ancient or historic buildings in the city of Semarang, which should be protected.
When this 181-year-old building is empty and notorious as a haunted buildings and spooky. Occasionally used as a place of exhibition, among them Expo.Pernah Semarang Tourism Expo and there is also a discourse that wants to turn it into a hotel. In 2007, the building was also used for the film of the same name ie mace Sewu.

2010-05-07T12:16:00.000-07:00

Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat

Hadiningrat Ngayogyakarta Kraton or Sultan Palace is a palace official who is now the Sultanate Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat located in the city of Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Although the empire has officially become part of the Republic of Indonesia in 1950, the palace complex of buildings is still functioning as a place to live the sultan and his court of households that are still running the imperial tradition until today. Kraton is now also one tourist attraction in the city of Yogyakarta. Part of the palace complex is a museum that holds many collections owned by the empire, including a variety of gifts from the kings of Europe, the replica heritage palace, and gamelan. In terms of its building, this palace is one example of Javanese palace architecture of the best, has a luxurious hall, conference hall and a wide field and pavilion.
Start the Yogyakarta Palace was founded by the lane after the first few months in the year 1755 Giyanti Agreement. The location of this palace is said to have named a former pesanggarahan Garjitawati. This guesthouse is used to break funeral procession kings of Mataram (Kartasura and Surakarta) which will be buried in Imogiri. Another version mentions the location of the palace is a fountain, Umbul Pacethokan, which is in the middle Beringan forest. Before occupying the Palace of Yogyakarta, Sultan Hamengkubuwono I stayed in Ambergris Pesanggrahan Ketawang which now includes the District of Sleman District Gamping.
Physically, the palace of the Sultan of Yogyakarta has seven core complex Siti Hinggil LER (North Hall), Kamandhungan LER (Kamandhungan North), Sri Manganti, Kedhaton, Kamagangan, Kamandhungan Kidul (Kamandhungan South), and Siti Hinggil Kidul (the South Hall). Besides Yogyakarta Palace has a variety of cultural heritage that shaped both the ceremony and antiquities and historic. On the other hand, Yogyakarta Palace is also a traditional institution complete with indigenous stakeholders. Therefore not surprising that the values of philosophy as well as mythology enveloping the Yogyakarta Palace.

Ceremony sekaten

Sekaten is a royal ceremony held for seven days. It is said the origin of this ceremony since the kingdom of Demak. This ceremony is actually a celebration of the birthday of Prophet Muhammad. According to folklore Sekaten word creed comes from the term in the Islamic religion, Syahadatain. Sekaten began with the release of two sets of gamelan Sekati, KK and KK Nagawilaga Guntur Madu, from the palace to be placed in the South and North Pagongan in front of the mosque gedhe. For seven days, from day-to-6-11-month to Mulud, both devices gamelan is played / sounded alternately mark the celebration sekaten. On the night of the eighth Sultan or his nominated representative, performing the ceremony Udhik-Udhik, the tradition spread coins (coins). After that the Emperor or his representatives entered the mosque to listen to the recitation maulid gedhe prophet and listened to the reading of biographies of the prophet. Finally on the last day of the ceremony closed with Garebeg Mulud. During sekaten Sego tasty (crispy rice) and Endhog Abang (red egg) is typical of a lot of food for sale. There were also betel nut, and flower magnolia (Michelia alba; family Magnoliaceae). Currently in addition to such traditional ceremonies were also held an evening market that began a month before the actual solemnization sekaten

2010-05-07T11:54:00.000-07:00

Sangiran

Sangiran is an archaeological site in Java, Indonesia. This area has an area of 48 km ² and is located in Central Java, 15 kilometers north of Surakarta in Solo River valley and is situated at the foot of Mount Lawu. Sangiran administratively located in Sragen regency and district of Karanganyar in Central Java. Sangiran in 1977 appointed by the Minister of Education and Culture of Indonesia as a cultural heritage. In 1996 the site was listed in UNESCO World Heritage Site.
In 1934 anthropologist Gustav Heinrich Ralph von Koenigswald begin research in the area. In subsequent years, the results of excavations discovered the remains of the first human ancestor, Pithecanthropus erectus ("Java Man"). There are about 60 more fossils of other fossil Meganthropus palaeojavanicus them have been found at these sites.
Sangiran Museum, located in this region too, described the history of Homo erectus from about 2 million years ago until 200,000 years ago, namely from the late Pliocene age to late middle Pleistocene. In this museum there are 13 086 collection of hominid fossils and an upright hominid site the most comprehensive in Asia. It also can be found in vertebrate fossils, animal fossils of water, rocks, fossils of sea plants and stone tools.
Initially the research Sangiran is a dome called Sangiran Dome. Summit dome is then opened through a process of erosion to form a depression. In the depression that can be found in soil layers that contain information about life in the past.

2010-05-07T11:37:00.000-07:00

Prambanan Temple

In the year 1733, this temple was found by the CA. Lons a Dutch nationality, later in the year 1855 Jan Willem IJzerman began to clean and move some rocks and soil from the chamber or Roro Jonggrang candi.Candi Prambanan located in the Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple complex in Indonesia. This temple is located on the island of Java, approximately 20 km east of Yogyakarta, 40 km west of Surakarta and 120 km south of Semarang, right on the border between the provinces of Central Java and Yogyakarta. Rara Jonggrang Candi Prambanan is located in the village whose territory is divided between the districts of Sleman and Klaten.
This temple was built in about the year 850 AD by one of these two, namely: Rakai Pikatan, the second king of Mataram dynasty I or balitung Maha Sambu, during the Sanjaya dynasty.

2010-05-04T13:18:00.000-07:00

History records Borobudur is the largest temple ever built for the veneration of the Buddha. Just imagine the building reaches a height of 14.000m to 35.29 sq. m. An inscription from Cri Kahuluan IX century (824 AD) who researched by Prof Dr JG Casparis, revealing the genealogy of Wangsa Syailendra three successive ruling at that time, namely the King Indra, the son Samaratungga. Then, her daughter called Samaratungga Pramodawardhani.

At the beginning of this Samaratungga King built a temple named: Bhumisan, Bharabudhara, which is presumably meant barrow, hill or building levels with the title diidentikan kamulan Bhumisambharabudhara monastery, which has meant a monastery Syailendra Dynasty ancestors and in hilly areas.

The location of this temple is located in the hills above the village of Borobudur, Mungkid, Magelang or sea 42 km south of Yogyakarta city. Surrounded Hill Manoreh stretching from east to west. Meanwhile to the east lies Mount Merapi and Merbau, and on the west side there is Gunumg Sindoro and Mount Cleft.

It takes no fewer than two million blocks of andesite, equivalent square 50.000m to build this temple of Borobudur. Overall weight of the temple to reach 3.5 million tons. Like most buildings of the temple, Bororbudur have three parts of the buildings, ie leg, body and top. Foot building called Kamadhatu, which tells the story of consciousness filled with lust and animalistic traits. Then Ruphadatu, which means a level of human consciousness are still bound by lust, materials and shapes. While no longer bound Aruphadatu lust, materials and shapes depicted in the form of holding an empty stupa. This can be achieved only with the desire and emptiness.

Relief

At every level carved reliefs on temple walls. The reliefs are read according to clockwise or called mapradaksina in Old Javanese language derived from Sanskrit which meaning is daksina east. These reliefs various contents of the story, among other reliefs story of Jakarta.
The reading of these reliefs stories always begin and end on the east side of the gate at every level, starting on the left and ends on the right side of the gate. So significantly that climbed the stairs to the east is the real (main) and toward the top of the temple, it means that the temple facing east while the other sides of similar right.
The composition and distribution of relief on the wall story and balustrade of the temple are as follows.