<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011</id><updated>2026-04-24T01:24:16.272-07:00</updated><title type='text'>HOBBY ELETRÔNICA</title><subtitle type='html'>EM MANUTENÇÃO!</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>47</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-8420827253099397698</id><published>2013-04-07T19:38:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2013-04-07T19:38:48.868-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Circuito Amplificador de FM para 1W</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Circuito Amplificador de FM para 1W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Aviso&lt;/u&gt;: Este artigo apresenta um circuito que não pode operar regularmente devido a restrições que estão sob o controle da Agencia Nacional de Telecomunicações(ANATEL). Portanto, a matéria publicada aqui tem apenas um objetivo didático. O uso deste material é de total responsabilidade do leitor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;O esquema elétrico da figura abaixo é de um circuito amplificador classe C de 1Watt. A tabela mostra quais componentes devem ser montados para que a operação seja na faixa de 30MHz, 100MHz e 200MHz. O diodo FD700 mantém um ciclo ativo próximo de 50% para que haja uma boa eficiência para uma ampla faixa de níveis de potência de entrada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/8420827253099397698/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2013/04/circuito-amplificador-de-fm-para-1w.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/8420827253099397698'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/8420827253099397698'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2013/04/circuito-amplificador-de-fm-para-1w.html' title='Circuito Amplificador de FM para 1W'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA8tRW5Q9qz1Z9y7M8H3lTEV35WQst0JvTtmZOmcUNDEyCpbdH7JxxMbS8FIESLy9abxO5XTRsxljS6AjrnpXAaKXkxeg8-1yIHV2DUsOyTsBwwK8wiH8-xVVzdoRZYZoRcT4kRpHlKS4/s72-c/circuit.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-5673087590459047355</id><published>2012-11-04T17:28:00.003-08:00</published><updated>2012-11-04T17:28:17.060-08:00</updated><title type='text'>DICAS DE DEFEITOS TV MITSUBISHI</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;MITSUBISHI - DEFEITOS E SOLUÇÕES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;&quot; name=&quot;more&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TC2020: Não funciona Medindo o pino 12 do IC401 (HA11414) ela voltou a funcionar mas ao tirar a ponta de teste ela apaga denovo.Trocado o integrado e o problema esta resolvido.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2098: Dica Para concluir rápido se o defeito e na fonte ou no restante do televisor,use fontes externas 115v/12v/45v,sem usar o cabo de força do televisor, coloque as fontes nos catodos dos diodos: D950/D951/D952, se tudo funcionar é só voltar para a fonte e conserta-la.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC2054: R555 torrado excesso de alta tensão chega as vezes a cortar o gargalo do cinescopio Mau contacto na solda do resistor 7A5 6k8 x 3w (ressoldar)&lt;br /&gt;TC-1631 Liga quando quer. Trocar Resistência R-916 ou R-915 = 150 Kohms aberta.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC 2030: Fica negativa após algum tempo Foi trocado o capacitor C107 de 10K X 50Volts Cerâmica (.01µF).&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC - 2090: Canal travado não muda de canal e nem Faz sintonia. O defeito era o capacitor de 10k cerâmica C-716 . Passo Para detectar o defeito: Foi aquecido os componentes com um aquecedor de cabelo de 2500Watts e ela funcionou bastou trocar os capacitores um a um até localizar o defeito( aguardou ela dar o defeito e foi trocado um a um cada vez ligava o aparelho e testava.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC - 2030: Som roncando, imagem fraca e some após alguns instantes com verticalencolhido. O defeito era o transistor Q-552 com fuga. Passo Para detectar o defeito: Foi verificado a alimentação de 12 volts e estava com 9volts . O capacitor C-564 e C-212 de 100µF X25Volts estava aberto e o transistor Q-552 2SC2236 estava com fuga não regulava direito.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-1470DD: Apagada; led indicador não acende. O defeito era o transistor Q-401 (BF-485) Com fuga . Passo Para detectar o defeito: Foi verificado a fonte de 12 Volts estava normal (D-806). Q-801 regulador de 5Volts estava perfeito, Quando desligada da tomada e religada novamente, verificou-se que no coletor de Q-400 ( BC-547 ) a tensão era nula, ao se ligar o aparelho pelo botão de liga, aparecia 3 Volts DC, mais o led não acendia, com o multiteste na escala de AC 5 volts e um capacitor de 100K em serie com a ponta positiva, aparecia 0,5 Volts ao ser ligada pelo botão de ligar, (Nota O capacitor é para isolar a tensão DC).&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;Alguns modelos: Trava de funções:em standby aciona ch + - até ligar depois aciona menu p/ destravar&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2041S: Tem dificuldade para ligar ora liga ora não liga. R-916 (150k) aberto. Troque, pode estar aberto ou alterado.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;Mitsubishi: as que usam o STRs-67xxx na fonte. Queimando o zener de 120v Capacitor eletrolítico de 4,7uf da fonte aberto, desgastado.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2098/2099: Retraços na parte superior da tela. Solução do defeito esta no vertical, trocar o capacitor C-459 de 100uFX35V Defeito: vertical fechado: trocar R459 de 82Kohm ,veja outros eletrolíticos do vertical.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2001: Inoperante apenas acende a luz vermelha da chave liga desliga C-7p7 com fuga ou em curto, na fonte.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2001Z: Controle remoto não atua. C7P1 (0,022 µF)&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2001Z: S/ sincronismo horizontal. R510 (6,8 K)&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2020: Canais baixos desaparecendo. C7T1 (0,01 µF)&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2041S: Algumas vezes não liga R916 (150 K)&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;MITSUBISH E OUTRAS MARCAS: Sintoma ela pode está simplesmente apagada sem foco, ou pode funcionar após alguns minutos depois de ligada. Causa Quando a tensão de grade screen esta baixa geralmente é que devido a maresia ou umidade dos meses frios o soquete do tubo cria bactérias e quando chega o calor ele começa a vazar alta tensão pelo pino do foco, como a tensão de foco está em serie com a tensão de grade screen logo a tensão de screen fica baixa . E só trocar o soquete do tubo.Acontece muito com a Phillps a Mitsubishi e a panasonic.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-14T51: só pega o canal 2 IC-1002 24C02 Memória&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-20T51: Sintonia não atua Q-206 em curto&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-1430A: Vertical enrolado em cima e em baixo C-517 de 470µFX16Volts aberto. e chock L-605 aberto.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2899A: Apaga após 5 a 10 Minutos de funcionamento. C-226 de 10K&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC - 2090: Canal travado não muda de canal e nem faz sintonia O defeito era o capacitor de 10k cerâmica C-716.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-2030: Defeito Fica negativa após algum tempo. Foi trocado o capacitor C107 de 10K X 50Volts Cerâmica (.01µF).cerâmica em curto.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-1631 Liga quando quer. Trocar Resistência R-916 ou R-915 de 150R&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC-1498: Defeitos sem imagem e sem som tensão de 33v normal, seletor bom. Trimpot do CAG alterado, trocar por um novo.&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC2034SD/2604SD: Som mudo ou intermitente circuito do muting atuando devido ao sinal recebido ser muito fraco interromper o jump-05 e interligar os pinos 14 e 15 do IC 01&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC1498/2097/2098/2198: Falha intermitente da trama e queima do fosforo tubo Alterar o capacitor C-123 de 2,2uf X 63V para 1uf X 100V&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;TC2097/98: Falta de largura Alterar o capacitor C-556 de 4n7 X 1,6kv para 5,1 X 1,6kv&lt;br /&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;------------------------------&lt;wbr&gt;&lt;/wbr&gt;---------&lt;br /&gt;Estou com problema com esta tv tc 1499 que é o seguinte:&lt;br /&gt;sobre a imagem normal aparece faixas inclinadas não coloridas,tipo horizontal fora de sincronismo,&lt;br /&gt;amigo verifique estes capacitores eletrolítico de 1mf que fica perto do micro&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ao verificar toda etapa de saida horizontal, resolvi suspender o pulso horizontal que vêm do M51310(pino 7) e colocar um pulso horizontal(pilso este feito de um esquema postado na revista CTA) aocolocar o pulso o saida horizontal deixou de aquecer, comclui que o d efeito estava no oscilador, ao testar o capacitor C 501( 100mf/25v) estava dando só 12mf.&lt;br /&gt;Ao trocar o oscilador voltou ao nosmal e o saida horizontal deixou de aquecer&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;PS: Pegando o pulso com o osciloscópio, tinha muito ruído.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Este aparelho estava com o quadro reduzido ficando em seguida inoperante e com vazamento de alta tensão. Trocando o capacitor de largura 5600pf x 1600v o mesmo voltou a funcionar normal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TV Mitsubishi- TC 2001Z apenas acende a luz vermelha da chave liga desliga- causa- C7p7 com fuga ou em curto- .&lt;br /&gt;Trocada o C7p7 e passa um tempo continua o mesmo problema.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DEFEITO:&lt;br /&gt;A TV FICA DESLIGANDO SE FECHAR O SCREEN ELA FUNCIONA SEM DESLIGAR.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;SOLUÇÃO:&lt;br /&gt;TROQUEI O R563 DE 180k QUE ESTAVA ABERTO.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Problema:&lt;br /&gt;A Tv funcionava com qradro reduzido e aquecia R 557.&lt;br /&gt;A causa era R 558 aberto,troquei e resolvi o problema.&lt;br /&gt;Problema:&lt;br /&gt;Estava faltando cor. Problema:&lt;br /&gt;Tv não ligava,standbye ficava piscando.&lt;br /&gt;O problema estava em C 907.&lt;br /&gt;Troquei o C 603 e resolvi o problema.&lt;br /&gt;Problema:&lt;br /&gt;Tv não ligava,não acendia nada.&lt;br /&gt;Depois de analizar muito a causa estava em R 904.&lt;br /&gt;Trocado o problema estava resolvido.&lt;br /&gt;Problema:&lt;br /&gt;Linhas de retraço na parte superior do tubo.&lt;br /&gt;trocado C969 (Fonte) Problema resolvido.&lt;br /&gt;Problema:&lt;br /&gt;Tv fica em standby,mas não liga. Problema:&lt;br /&gt;Horizontal não oscila.&lt;br /&gt;Verificar TF 502,Solda Fria&lt;br /&gt;Possivel causa C 7p5&lt;br /&gt;Problema:&lt;br /&gt;Canais saem de sintonia,não memorizam,caracteres&lt;br /&gt;dos canais não mudam.&lt;br /&gt;D 771 em curto, R 771 aberto, não tem 30v.&lt;br /&gt;Trocados e resolvido o problema.&lt;br /&gt;pegamos um produto deste modelo com os seguintes sintomas:&lt;br /&gt;SEM SINCRONISMO - HORIZONTAL CAIDO (PEGAMOS ELE NO CHÃO) - VERTICAL CORRENDO ( MAIS FOMOS ATRÁS) CARACTERES PRETO SEM DEFINIÇÃO.&lt;br /&gt;SOLUÇÃO::: SUBSTITUIÇÃO CAPACITOR C 209 VALOR DE 1K8.&lt;br /&gt;ja peguei umas quatro tv deste modelo todas quando ligava ela desligava isto em fraçao de segundos quando alguen pegar um defeito nesta tv a prineira coisa fazer e verificar se existe tensao no trasisto exitador do saida h ai voce vai ver que o tranformador drive estar com o primario aberto&lt;br /&gt;TC 2094 MITSUBISHI.&lt;br /&gt;Sem croma ou seja, sem cor. soluçao: substituir o C611 (em curto). para detectar, basta medir no pino 34 do ic 201, que deverah ter 8.2v se tiver abaixo deste valor, com certeza eh o dito cujo c611.&lt;br /&gt;TC 2094 MITSUBISHI.&lt;br /&gt;faixa em hor. na (tela), substituido C457 35v/100 et C458 35v/470 (problema saida vertical) solucionado&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ao ligá-la e selecionar qualquer canal, só se via chuviscos e o chiado característico no alto falante. Selecionando as bandas L H ou U era possível sintonizar todos os canais. No entanto, não se podia memorizá-los. Conferindo as tensões sobre o IC702 (M58658P)observei que não havia -30v no pino 2. Seguindo aquela malha cheguei ao R565 (6K8/3W) cuja conexão ao circuito estava interrompida por conta de uma rutura na trilha. A recomposição da trilha normalizou a função de memorização&lt;br /&gt;Esta TV, após alguns instantes de funcionamento fechava o vertical.&lt;br /&gt;Solução: C452 e C459 com muito baixa capacitância. Trocar.&lt;br /&gt;Mitsubishi TC 2099 - sem vídeo&lt;br /&gt;Q705 em curto&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TV MITSUBISHI TC-2098 - Ruído de Frequência&lt;br /&gt;Encontrei C596-10uFx160V esgotado. Fica entre o Fly e o dissipador de reg. da fonte.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TV Mitsubishi - TC 1492 - c/ ruído de frequencia&lt;br /&gt;Apitando...&lt;br /&gt;C909 - (4,7 X 160) esgotado&lt;br /&gt;TV MITSUBISHI TC 2099 TELA LAVADA E SEM SOM&lt;br /&gt;TRANSISTOR Q705 (H-INV) EM CURTO&lt;br /&gt;VCR Mitsubishi - HSX98 - Mecânica louca&lt;br /&gt;Não adiantar procurar o &quot;ponto&quot; da mecânica... o problema foi resolvido substituindo o mesmo CI usado na fonte, ou seja o IC4A1 ( LA6324 ).&lt;br /&gt;VCR Mitsubishi - HSX98 - apagado&lt;br /&gt;Causa- IC 9A0 - LA6324.&lt;br /&gt;VCR Mitsubishi - HSX98 - Painel apaga&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ao carregar a fita,ou ejetar,demora e o painel apaga.&lt;br /&gt;Solução: C 944 (3300X16) c/ baixa capacitância.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Peguei esta tv Mitsubishi TC-2099 com o seguinte problema: Ela estava com a tela completamente vermelha e com a função volume exibida na tela e todas as outras funções travadas. A princípio pensei que fosse o defeito &quot;trava funções&quot; mas não era. Resumindo, foi só trocar a memória e pronto!! O tv está nova!!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;liga na tomada aperta a tecla ligar no tv ouvese o clic do rele mas nao parte.DEFEITO: R 510 ALTERADA.esta resistencia nos engana, TROQUE.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;MITSUBISHI TC2051 S/COR&lt;br /&gt;STA TV NÃO ENTRAVA COR NEM A PAULADAS,VEIO DE OUTRA OFICINA E SEGUNDO O CRIENTE CONDENARAM O CI PROCESSADOR DE CROMA E QUE NÃO SE ACHAVA NO COMERCIO.&lt;br /&gt;ANALIZANDO O CIRQUITO OBSERVEI QUE NÃO ESTAVA CHEGANDO NOS PINOS DO CI O PULSO DE SAND/CASTER,SEGUINDO O CIRQUITO ENCONTREI O RESISTOR R518 DE 4K7 TOTALMENTE ABERTO,TROCANDO O MESMO E RETOCANDO OS AJUSTES DO CQ DE CROMA O PROBLEMA FOI RESOLVIDO.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TV MITSUBISHI MPD TC2098&lt;br /&gt;SINTOMAS:&lt;br /&gt;- excesso de alta&lt;br /&gt;- pouca largura&lt;br /&gt;- pouca altura&lt;br /&gt;trocar c555 e c556 (capacitores de largura)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;MITSUBISHI - TC2041S - NÃO LIGA&lt;br /&gt;Esta tv ás vezes ligava e as vezes não&lt;br /&gt;componente defeituoso:&lt;br /&gt;R916 - 150k&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TV mitsubishi- TC 2041S&lt;br /&gt;defeito- não memoriza canais&lt;br /&gt;solução- trocar o D 771 em curto ou aberto ou r771 e verificar se tem a tensão de – 30 volts que alimenta a memória,se não resolver troque o capacitor de 4,7uf x160v fica perto do fly back.&lt;br /&gt;Mitsubishi TC-2001Z&lt;br /&gt;Fusivel queimando: D901, D904&lt;br /&gt;Vertical fechado: C410&lt;br /&gt;MODELO 2021 - Sem alta tensão e sem som: D552&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DEFEITOS e SOLUÇÕES TVC MITSUBISHI Mod: TC1492&lt;br /&gt;A fonte deste modelo quando em Stand By fica com 66V e em funcionamento normal com 112V&lt;br /&gt;Problema:&lt;br /&gt;Vertical Fechado&lt;br /&gt;Trocado C453 que estava esgotado&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fonte alta ou queimando D905 Zener 120 volts: Trocar C909 4,7uF/160v.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;FAZIA CHIADO NA FONTE.&lt;br /&gt;O PROBLEMA ESTAVA NO C.909 1uF X 350V, QUE ESTAVA ESGOTADO.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Fonte muito alta.&lt;br /&gt;S = D902 aberto&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Fonte com 66V. Não sai da condição Stand By.&lt;br /&gt;S = Verifique se o micro está sendo alimentado com 5V. Estes 5V sempre haverá , com o TV ligado ou em Stand By.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Fonte inoperante.&lt;br /&gt;S = C913, R905, R904.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem cor.&lt;br /&gt;S = Tensão de controle de cor no pino 21 de IC201 não muda.&lt;br /&gt;Ver D716, pode estar aberto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Tela magenta&lt;br /&gt;S = C612 do decodificador PAL .&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Listas na cor. Em preto e branco não tem.&lt;br /&gt;S = Possíveis causas. C610 = curto ou fuga. C611= aberto. C506= curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = TV sem som.&lt;br /&gt;S = Se o defeito for na FI ou detetor de FM, verificar: C106, C301, C302, C303, C304.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Ronco no som.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q301, curto ou fuga. C303 aberto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Quando desliga TV tela não se apaga imediatamente.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q906 em curto ou D719 aberto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Oscilador horizontal não funciona.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q906 aberto. Q907 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Imagem com pouco brilho.&lt;br /&gt;S = Quando há um problema no vertical, é acionado o circuito de proteção do tubo e a tela fica escura, porém há casos que este circuito de proteção apresenta anomalias mesmo com o vertical normal, e faz com que a tela se apresente com pouco brilho ou sem brilho.&lt;br /&gt;Verificar D452.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;quero agradecer ao pereira pelo esquema o defeito era um capacitor ceramico c608 de 10nf alterado tava variando de 11 quente a frio tava com 13,5 nf ficava variando por isso que a cor só entrava depoiis de um tempo de ligada&lt;br /&gt;e quando trocava de canal saia fora e demorava para entrar&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem cor.&lt;br /&gt;S = Novamente aqui a importância do pulso horizontal: Verifique D202 e D203.&lt;br /&gt;A tensão de controle de cor pode estar muito baixa. Meça esta tensão no pino 21 do IC201. Cor no mínimo = 4V. Cor no Máximo = 5,8.&lt;br /&gt;Verifique C505 e C613. Este defeito pode ocorrer também no APC, verifique C509 e C608.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem sincronismo vertical.&lt;br /&gt;S = Possíveis causas: C402, C403, C404C, C509, R475.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Linhas brancas na parte superior da tela.&lt;br /&gt;S = C445. D451.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Linhas pretas na região central e inferior da tela.&lt;br /&gt;S = C454.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Serrilhamento na imagem.&lt;br /&gt;S = C504 aberto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical reduzido.&lt;br /&gt;S = D401 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Imagem deslocada para a direita.&lt;br /&gt;S = C505 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Imagem deslocada para a esquerda.&lt;br /&gt;S = C506, C514, D559.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Imagem deslocada para cima.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q403.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Tela só com chuvisco.&lt;br /&gt;S = Este defeito pode ocorrer por falta de tensão de AGC ou problemas na FI.&lt;br /&gt;Verificar: C109 aberto ou com fuga e C303 aberto.&lt;br /&gt;Também pela falta de tensão de sintonia = C151 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Com o nível de sinal de antena alto ocorre distorção na imagem.&lt;br /&gt;S = Este problema ocorre quando o amplificador de FI est;a com pouco ganho.&lt;br /&gt;Verificar C101.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem sincronismo horizontal ou tombado.&lt;br /&gt;S1 = D501 em curto mata o sinal H gerado no pino 5 do Flay Back.&lt;br /&gt;S2 = A ausência deste sinal no AFC também dá este problema. Verificar:&lt;br /&gt;C504 aberto ou fuga. C505 aberto. C506 aberto. C514 curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Dificuldade para fazer sintonia manual.&lt;br /&gt;S = C711 em curto ou com fuga.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sintonia no modo semi automático não funciona.&lt;br /&gt;SC714. C510.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Só sintoniza canais VHF baixos ou só VHF altos. UHF normal.&lt;br /&gt;S = Verifique as tensões nos pinos 12 e 13 do IC701:&lt;br /&gt;Pino 12 = VHF baixo = 0V&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Só sintoniza canais VHF baixos ou só VHF altos. UHF normal.&lt;br /&gt;S = Verifique as tensões nos pinos 12 e 13 do IC701:&lt;br /&gt;Pino 12 = VHF baixo = 0V&lt;br /&gt;VHF alto = 3,2V&lt;br /&gt;UHF = 0V&lt;br /&gt;Pino 13 = VHF baixo = 3,2V&lt;br /&gt;VHF alto = 0V&lt;br /&gt;UHF = 0V&lt;br /&gt;Se esta informação para comutação de banda não existir, verifique C712 e C713.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = OSD preto ou com cores trocadas.&lt;br /&gt;S1 = Verificar C707 e C709 nas saídas vermelho e verde do OSD.&lt;br /&gt;S2 = Ver D701 e D702 no acoplamento VM e VD.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = OSD transparente ou fraquinha.&lt;br /&gt;S1 = Ver C705 no estágio de saída do OSD.&lt;br /&gt;S2 = Ver d 703 no estágio de acoplamento do OSD.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem OSD.&lt;br /&gt;S1 = Verificar os pulsos horizontal no pino 39 do IC701 e vertical no pino 38. Se nã0 houver verificar: D705, C723, C724.&lt;br /&gt;S2 = Verificar o oscilador do OSD nos pinos 40 e 41. C721 e C722 com fuga ou em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Teclado local não funciona. Somente algumas funções do remoto.&lt;br /&gt;S = C728.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Ao desligar o TV aparece um cor com brilho muito intenso(vermelho, verde, azul ou branco) e após alguns segundos fecha o vertical.&lt;br /&gt;S1 = Qualquer uma das saídas RGB inoperante pode ocasionar este problema.&lt;br /&gt;S2 = Se a saída de luminancia não fornecer o sinal: Q201, D201.&lt;br /&gt;S3 = No caso de um polarização incorreta do IC201, ver C601 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;S4 = Circuito driver do OSD: Q702(VD) em curto, Q703(VM) em curto.&lt;br /&gt;S5 = Polarização incorreta do circuito de luminancia: D702 e D703 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = TV com fonte normal, porém com tela escura.&lt;br /&gt;S = Verificar Q201 (saída de luminancia).&lt;br /&gt;&quot;&quot; C303, C106 (RF AGC).&lt;br /&gt;O circuito de mute de vídeo ou sincronismo também podem provocar este defeito. Ver: Q709 (mute) e C508 (Separador de sincronismo)&lt;br /&gt;&#39;Ver também Q101 que é o 1o amplificador de vídeo.&lt;br /&gt;O transistor Q701 (amplificador de luminancia do OSD), também pode ocasionar tela preta se estiver em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = TV nã0 liga. Fonte Stand By normal (66V).&lt;br /&gt;S = C728. São 7 capacitores num único invólucro (encapsulamento). O pino 5 deste capacitor em curto ou com fuga.&lt;br /&gt;C737, C751.&lt;br /&gt;O circuito de proteção contra excesso de corrente de feixe também pode provocar este defeito = verQ553 e Q554.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DEFEITOS E SOLUÇÕES VÁRIOS MODELOS TVC MITSUBISHI&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TC2020M&lt;br /&gt;D = Interferência na tela. Luminância piscando.&lt;br /&gt;S = VR201 oxidado e com sugeira.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TC2020&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical fechado.&lt;br /&gt;S = C430. 10 MF/25 com fuga.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não aciona a fonte.&lt;br /&gt;S = C914 e ZD909. Este capacitor com solda fria também não aciona fonte.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TC2021&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem brilho, com interferência na tela, apresentando pequenas linhas espacejadas.&lt;br /&gt;S = C209 com pequena fuga.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TC2034S&lt;br /&gt;D = Linha aberta na parte superior da tela.&lt;br /&gt;S = C55. 330MF/10v sem carga.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical não estabiliza. Gira lentamente.&lt;br /&gt;S = C402. 8K2 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Linhas de retraço.&lt;br /&gt;S = R561.1R2 alterado.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TC2041S&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem luminância.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q751. BC547 com fuga de coletor/emissor.&lt;br /&gt;TC2041S&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical não regula.&lt;br /&gt;S = C403 e C511.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Largura reduzida.&lt;br /&gt;S = R918 alterado.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TC2602&lt;br /&gt;D= Some o som. Se acionar AV, tela pisca.&lt;br /&gt;S= L701 aberta. Colocar no lugar um resistor de 1R por 1/4W.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D= Imagem rolando.&lt;br /&gt;S= C601.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DEFEITOS E SOLUÇÕES TVC MITSUBISHI MODELOS:&lt;br /&gt;TC 1441 TC1631 TC2031 TC2041 TC1441 TC2034&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Rosto da pessoa fica um pouco azulado.&lt;br /&gt;S = L601.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Dificuldade para sintonia de canais ou não sintoniza.&lt;br /&gt;S = R772 aberto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem vídeo.&lt;br /&gt;S = C216e C221.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Cintilancia na cor.&lt;br /&gt;S = C606.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Estica o vertical.&lt;br /&gt;S = C407.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Apito com modulação na tela.&lt;br /&gt;S = C304.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem som.&lt;br /&gt;S = C722.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não funciona ou trava canais.&lt;br /&gt;S = C724.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Queima R728.&lt;br /&gt;S = C368 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = TV não funciona.&lt;br /&gt;S = C708 e C712.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não sintoniza canais.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q772, Q771e Q711.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Imagem com chuvisco.&lt;br /&gt;S = C115.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Falha o som.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q751.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Às vezes TV não liga.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q701, C914, C915.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Imagem negativa.&lt;br /&gt;S = C106, C105, C107, C210, C207, Q201, Q202, Q203.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Falha o som com ruído.&lt;br /&gt;S = C307 100J.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Bloqueia a fonte.&lt;br /&gt;S = C7T1 = Não atua canais baixos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não sintoniza os canais ou perde a sintonia.&lt;br /&gt;S = C7S1 em curto, Q708, C731, C73, C718, C715. Verificar +30v.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem som.&lt;br /&gt;S = C303, C313, C308.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem cor.&lt;br /&gt;S = VC601, C2A7, C607, C610,C606.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem memória.&lt;br /&gt;S = R703 e r781.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical mole.&lt;br /&gt;S = C408 e C414.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical estica.&lt;br /&gt;S = C407.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem vídeo . Tela branca.&lt;br /&gt;S = L106, C213, C216.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem vídeo .&lt;br /&gt;S = Q751.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não sintoniza canais e não funciona memória.&lt;br /&gt;S = R954.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Falha o som.&lt;br /&gt;S = C3L1.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical mole.&lt;br /&gt;S = C402. O capacitor C407 além de provocar este defeito pode também deixar a tela sem brilho.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical treme.&lt;br /&gt;S = Injetar um sinal de vídeo na base do Q102.&lt;br /&gt;Se o defeito for antes do Q102 ver: IC101, Q71, Q72.&lt;br /&gt;Se o defeito for depois do Q102 ver: R402, C414, C404. Mudar C403 para 1Mf.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Some a cor.&lt;br /&gt;S = C605, C607, C610, C611, C614.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Liga e desliga sozinha.&lt;br /&gt;S = Q701 com fuga.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical estica e fecha meio quadro.&lt;br /&gt;S = C407 que está por baixo da PCI principal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Imagem com muito chuvisco.&lt;br /&gt;S = C114 em curto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não sai de Stand By.&lt;br /&gt;S = C724. 33Pf com fuga 700R.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DEFEITOS E SOLUÇÕES TVC MITSUBISHI MODELOS:&lt;br /&gt;TC2030 E TC2040&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem vídeo.&lt;br /&gt;S = L105 e C221.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não atua contraste.&lt;br /&gt;S = C210, C207.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Some cor.&lt;br /&gt;S = VC601.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Some a luminancia.&lt;br /&gt;S = L201.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Treme vídeo.&lt;br /&gt;S = C614, C613.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Vertical dobra em cima e em baixo.&lt;br /&gt;S = C407.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Fecha largura.&lt;br /&gt;S = C406.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Fecha vertical.&lt;br /&gt;S = R414.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Tela reduzida.&lt;br /&gt;S = R559, R359.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Sem som.&lt;br /&gt;S = R551.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não oscila.&lt;br /&gt;S =L552.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não atua o brilho.&lt;br /&gt;S = R227.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não atua AGC.&lt;br /&gt;S = C108.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Chuviscos.&lt;br /&gt;S = C118, C115, C116, C114, C117.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não aciona a fonte.&lt;br /&gt;S = C914, D909.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Não sintoniza canais.&lt;br /&gt;S = R74.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;D = Apito muito chato na fonte.&lt;br /&gt;S = C909.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/5673087590459047355/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/11/dicas-de-defeitos-tv-mitsubishi_9151.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/5673087590459047355'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/5673087590459047355'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/11/dicas-de-defeitos-tv-mitsubishi_9151.html' title='DICAS DE DEFEITOS TV MITSUBISHI'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-6399097801836558404</id><published>2012-11-01T17:24:00.009-07:00</published><updated>2012-11-01T17:24:57.950-07:00</updated><title type='text'>RECUPERANDO SEU CELULAR QUE MOLHOU</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tire-o da água o mais rápido possível&lt;/strong&gt;. O plástico que cobre o celular é bastante grosso, mas a água pode entrar de todas as formas. Tente tirar o celular em menos de 20 segundos. Isso será crucial para poder salvá-lo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tire a bateria.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Esse é um dos passos mais importantes. Não perca tempo pensando! A eletricidade e a água não combinam…( ~P ). Desligar todas as formas de energia será crucial para salva-lo. Muitos circuitos internos sobreviverão a imersão da água.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Retire seu cartão SIM&lt;/strong&gt;. Alguns dos seus valiosos contatos e outros dados poderíam estar guardados em seu SIM. Para algumas pessoas isso poderia ser mais valioso que o próprio celular. Os cartões SIM sobrevivem bem à água. Simplesmente seque e deixe de lado até que precise usá-lo de novo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;Depois destes procedimentos,&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;lave-o com água doce&lt;/strong&gt;, caso tenha caído no mar ou na privada (o sal pode corroer seu aparelho em questão de minutos), e limpe-o.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Seque seu telefone.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Obviamente você precisa tirar o máximo que puder de água o mais rápido possível. Use uma toalha de papel para secar o que conseguir.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Não assopre nem use secador de cabelos. Resista a sua curiosidade e não coloque a bateria para ver se funciona ou isto poderá gerar um curto circuito e queimar seu telefone.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deixe seu aparelho secando.&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Embrulhe seu celular em uma folha de toalha de papel e coloque em um recipiente (um pote qualquer) e cubra com arroz cru. O arroz “suga” toda a umidade… (lembra-se do truque de colocar arroz no saleiro?). Deixe ele secando por 2 ou 3 dias.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;Pronto!&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Teste seu telefone&lt;/strong&gt;. Se você seguiu fielmente os passos acima, seu celular deverá sobreviverr! Recoloque a bateria e o chip e teste seu celular.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ratingblock &quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 4px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ratingheader &quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ratingstars &quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ratepost gdsr-oxygen gdsr-size-20&quot; id=&quot;article_rater_1490&quot; style=&quot;display: block; position: relative; width: 100px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;starsbar gdsr-size-20&quot; style=&quot;height: 20px;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/6399097801836558404/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/11/recuperando-seu-celular-que-molhou.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/6399097801836558404'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/6399097801836558404'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/11/recuperando-seu-celular-que-molhou.html' title='RECUPERANDO SEU CELULAR QUE MOLHOU'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-5864065909738356744</id><published>2012-10-22T05:44:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2012-10-22T05:44:13.775-07:00</updated><title type='text'>recuperando bateria viciada</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Este guia é uma demonstração
com fim educativo. Se você
pretende fazer o que está aqui descrito tudo bem. Mas isso pode
estragar de vez a bateria ou até mesmo rompe-la, podendo
machucar quem
está manuseando se não for tomado alguma
precauções. Em geral a bateria
tem uma vida útil, e temos que respeitar este limite. Sua
bateria tem
uma quantidade de cargas e descargas a qual foi projetada este
método
vai diminuir esta vida útil, mas pode fazer com que sua bateria
viciada
segure a carga como nova denovo. Então não pense que isto
é uma solução
milagrosa. Muito importante também salientar que não pule
passos, isto
traria um resultado desastroso.
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://www.afms.com.br/bateria1.jpg&quot; style=&quot;height: 437px; width: 500px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Primeiro passo, descarregue a bateria.&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Deixe o celular ou
dispositivo ligado por o máximo de tempo que conseguir. Se for
notebook, deixe na tela da bios até desligar sozinho. Se for
celular
enfie de baixo de um travesseiro e deixe apitar. Mesmo feito isto a
bateria, e principalmente as viciadas, ainda tem muita carga
armazenada. Ela está na verdade enganando o usuário, como
se não
tivesse carga.&amp;nbsp; Você pode ver na imagem abaixo que esta
bateria de
celular (carga nominal de 3.6v) ainda tem carga mesmo com o celular
desligando sozinho.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://www.afms.com.br/bateria2.jpg&quot; style=&quot;height: 300px; width: 500px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Segundo passo, descarregue mais ainda.&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Agora
é preciso certificar de que você é capaz de tirar
toda carga da
bateria. Pegue um led, resistor ou qualquer componente que consuma
energia. É preciso consumir a energia devagar para o
método ser mais
efetivo. Para isso utilize um resistor alto o suficiente para
não
queimar a bateria, mas também baixo o suficiente para não
demorar
muito. Em geral pegue a corrente nominal da bateria e tire 20% dela.
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Por exemplo, uma bateria de 600 mhA:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Pegue a fórmula Tensão = Resistência * Corrente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
A tensão é 3.6 = R * 0.12 (20% de 600mha)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Resolvendo R = 30 Ohms&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Então um resistor entre 30 e 50 Ohms deve servir.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://www.afms.com.br/bateria3.jpg&quot; style=&quot;height: 338px; width: 500px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Ligue
este resitor na bateria para descarrega-la completamente. De tempos em
tempos meça com um multi-teste a tensão no resitor. Ela
deve cair com o
tempo. Quando a tensão chegar em 0v (zero) este passo já
foi comprido.
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Terceiro passo, tratamento de choque.&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Agora vamos
acordar a bateria. Este passo consiste em dar um choque na bateria de
forma que ela volte a si. Carregue a bateria num gerador com voltagem,
de 40 a 60% maior que a tensão nominal dela por alguns segundos.
Pegue
um eliminador de corrente contínua, ou uma bateria maior e ligue
o polo
+(positivo) no polo +(positivo) da bateria viciada e o -(negativo) no
-(negativo) da bateria viciada. Por exemplo nesta bateria de 3.6v dei
uma carga de 6 Volts por 20 a 30 segundos. A bateria não pode
esquentar! se
isto tiver acontecendo use um gerador com voltagem menor. Apesar de que
isto não deve acontecer:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;
Atenção, neste passo há risco de explosão&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Agora meça com o voltímetro. A bateria deve ter alguma
carga.
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Último passo, recarregue 24 horas.&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;

&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;border: medium none; color: #999999; display: inline-table; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; height: 90px; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 728px;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_1_anchor&quot; style=&quot;border: none; display: block; height: 90px; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 728px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Coloque a bateria no
carregador e recarregue ela por 24 horas. Em todas a baterias viciadas
que testei, sendo que todas tinham se viciadas 1 vez só, este
método
funcionou!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Se não funcionar vai estragar de vez &lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/5864065909738356744/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/recuperando-bateria-viciada.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/5864065909738356744'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/5864065909738356744'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/recuperando-bateria-viciada.html' title='recuperando bateria viciada'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-4103033637094126914</id><published>2012-10-17T14:55:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2012-10-17T14:55:48.099-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Esquema Transmissor OM CW </title><content type='html'>&lt;h2 class=&quot;date-header&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;date-posts&quot;&gt;
        
&lt;div class=&quot;post-outer&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;post hentry&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6359585953030623011&quot; name=&quot;51621808293228684&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;h3 class=&quot;post-title entry-title&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;post-header&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #999999;&quot;&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;post-body entry-content&quot; id=&quot;post-body-51621808293228684&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Aviso:&lt;/u&gt;
 Este artigo apresenta um circuito que não pode operar regularmente 
devido a restrições que estão sob o controle da Agencia Nacional de 
Telecomunicações(ANATEL). Portanto, a matéria publicada aqui tem apenas 
um objetivo didático. O uso deste material é de total responsabilidade 
do leitor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
O esquema elétrico do circuito da figura apresentado abaixo é de um 
pequeno transmissor telegráfico ideal para a prática de código morse. 
Este circuito é muito fácil de ser montado por não ter nenhum componente
 crítico. A bobina L1 consta de 100 espiras de fio 22 a 28 num bastão de
 ferrite de 0,8 a 1 cm de diâmetro. L2 consta de 30 espiras do mesmo fio
 enrolada sobre L1. O transformador T1 pode ser do tipo usado na saída 
de áudio de aparelhos transistorizados e a alimentação pode ser feita 
com tensões de 3 a 12V. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Para tensões entre 3 e 6V o transistor pode ser inclusive o BC548, BF494
 ou outros NPN de pequena potência. Para tensões mais elevadas é 
recomendado o uso do BD135 ou 2N2218 com um pequeno radiador de calor. O
 variável CV é ondas médias. Para obter maior desempenho use antena 
externa e ligação à terra.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
A tonalidade do som modulador pode ser alterada com a troca do resistor 
de 220k por um trimpot ou potênciometro em série com um resistor de 22k.
 O capacitor de 470 pF deve ser cerâmico e o manipulador M pode ser 
improvisado com lâminas de metal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2sJ9uBKWgNyt56Ri0cPwC5qs4DPuYhLDHUe1zvm5N8VbkBkr324jCSuRyLakRRWuaAqpjQ-11NHXTp4o1fD4lysv-11Fcg9ELBW62Afn_gPk-T7V8yfDrOQPUXCyHdHaG5o7U49KlmIM/s1600/circuit.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;290&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2sJ9uBKWgNyt56Ri0cPwC5qs4DPuYhLDHUe1zvm5N8VbkBkr324jCSuRyLakRRWuaAqpjQ-11NHXTp4o1fD4lysv-11Fcg9ELBW62Afn_gPk-T7V8yfDrOQPUXCyHdHaG5o7U49KlmIM/s400/circuit.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/4103033637094126914/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/esquema-transmissor-om-cw.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/4103033637094126914'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/4103033637094126914'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/esquema-transmissor-om-cw.html' title='Esquema Transmissor OM CW '/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2sJ9uBKWgNyt56Ri0cPwC5qs4DPuYhLDHUe1zvm5N8VbkBkr324jCSuRyLakRRWuaAqpjQ-11NHXTp4o1fD4lysv-11Fcg9ELBW62Afn_gPk-T7V8yfDrOQPUXCyHdHaG5o7U49KlmIM/s72-c/circuit.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-3759671146711827461</id><published>2012-10-17T14:47:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2012-10-17T14:47:31.225-07:00</updated><title type='text'>transmissor de 27 a 30MHz 10W </title><content type='html'>&lt;h3 class=&quot;post-title entry-title&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;post-header&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Aviso&lt;/u&gt;: Este artigo apresenta um 
circuito que não pode operar regularmente devido a restrições que estão 
sob o controle da Agencia Nacional de Telecomunicações(ANATEL). 
Portanto, a matéria publicada aqui tem apenas um objetivo didático. O 
uso deste material é de total responsabilidade do leitor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjshdgffPbEu9MbxLu7Qjghjsozg7WhYkZ4iLe6ZcGjohMTRBCe4fyypFD8kKCGjTip0AS0Nk2fIoDmMXBECgU5bA1Kxg7baYssTTezRuiAiPDRjY5DbVWpQ2KJ7tWFL718vUyP-9PP674/s1600/circuit.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjshdgffPbEu9MbxLu7Qjghjsozg7WhYkZ4iLe6ZcGjohMTRBCe4fyypFD8kKCGjTip0AS0Nk2fIoDmMXBECgU5bA1Kxg7baYssTTezRuiAiPDRjY5DbVWpQ2KJ7tWFL718vUyP-9PP674/s400/circuit.png&quot; width=&quot;385&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
O esquema elétrico deste transmissor 
pode operar na faixa do cidadão (PX) ou na faixa de radioamadores de 10 
metros entre 27 e 30 MHz. A potência é da ordem de 10 watts e dependendo
 das condições de propagação o alcance pode ultrapassar a casa dos 
1000km. Evidentemente que operador de tal equipamento deve estar 
habilitado para fazê-lo. A base do circuito é um integrado LM3046 como 
oscilador de RF e em seguida temos um pequeno excitador (Q1). Este 
excitador aplica o sinal a Q2 que forma a etapa final de potência que 
entrega o sinal a uma antena.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
As bobinas não são muito críticas e têm as seguintes características:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
L1 - 12 espiras de fio 28 com núcleo de 8,5mm ajustável.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
L2&amp;nbsp;- 3 espiras de fio 28 enrolados sobre L1.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
L3 e L4 são iguais a L1 e L2 respectivamente.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
O transformador T1 é um 
transformador miniatura de áudio (saída) do tipo encontrado em rádios 
transistorizados. T2 tem um enrolamento primário de 110/220V e 
segundário de 12+12V com 7A. Os capacitores eletrolíticos são todos para
 16 ou 25V e os transistores Q1 e Q2 devem ser dotados de bons 
radiadores de calor.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Os trimmers são ajustados para 
máximo rendimento e os retificadores devem ser obrigatoriamente do tipo 
MR754 (50Vx10A). Para provas sem antenas deve ser ligada como carga uma 
lâmpada de 12V x 10Watts. Tome cuidado, pois poderá haver a destruição 
do transistor de saída caso ligue o equipamento com saída em aberto. Os 
resistores são todos de 1/4W salvo especificações em contrário.&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/3759671146711827461/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/transmissor-de-27-30mhz-10w.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/3759671146711827461'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/3759671146711827461'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/transmissor-de-27-30mhz-10w.html' title='transmissor de 27 a 30MHz 10W '/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjshdgffPbEu9MbxLu7Qjghjsozg7WhYkZ4iLe6ZcGjohMTRBCe4fyypFD8kKCGjTip0AS0Nk2fIoDmMXBECgU5bA1Kxg7baYssTTezRuiAiPDRjY5DbVWpQ2KJ7tWFL718vUyP-9PP674/s72-c/circuit.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-4093932011588932138</id><published>2012-10-17T14:41:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2012-10-17T14:41:29.039-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Esquema Transmissor de Ondas Curtas</title><content type='html'>&lt;h3 class=&quot;post-title entry-title&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;Esquema Transmissor de Ondas Curtas com Filtro Cerâmico
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;post-header&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Aviso:&lt;/u&gt;
 Este artigo apresenta um circuito que não pode operar regularmente 
devido a restrições que estão sob o controle da Agencia Nacional de 
Telecomunicações(ANATEL). Portanto, a matéria publicada aqui tem apenas 
um objetivo didático. O uso deste material é de total responsabilidade 
do leitor.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
O esquema elétrico do circuito 
da figura apresentada abaixo é de um transmissor que tem uma frequência 
determinada por um filtro cerâmico de 10,7MHz (FI de FM). O calcance vai
 depender da antena usada e da sensibilidade do receptor. O transmissor 
produz sinais em CW (onda contínua), podendo entretanto ser modificado 
para receber modulação externa. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
A alimentação é feita com uma tensão de 12V, e as bobinas têm as seguintes características:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
L1 - 15 espiras de fio 26 AWG sobre um tubo plástico de 0,5cm de diâmetro sem núcleo.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
L2 - Igual a L1&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
L3&amp;nbsp;- 15 espiras de fio 26 AWG com diâmetro de 0,8 cm com núcleo de 1 cm de comprimento. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Os trimmers são comuns de 3-30pF a
 5-50pF, e os capacitores são todos cerâmicos. O choque XRF é formado 
por 14 espiras de fio 32 AWG sobre um resistor de 100kohms x 1W. O 
transistor 2N2218 eventualmente precisará de um pequeno radiador de 
calor. Os trimmers devem ser ajustados para a máxima intensidade de 
sinal de saída.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV4P5lhxiPS7yq6xTsBllQAng4ZGQ9OUZk-R3zd5308qP50FFf6bijlgxYcjhVcVYEH4xUumYAQmWNZuKKoW8sT3piZ4c4cABfAu6Lzim7YktLtxWGDnKuDSehN7jsNR-p49oJtpIsMcg/s1600/circuit.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;128&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV4P5lhxiPS7yq6xTsBllQAng4ZGQ9OUZk-R3zd5308qP50FFf6bijlgxYcjhVcVYEH4xUumYAQmWNZuKKoW8sT3piZ4c4cABfAu6Lzim7YktLtxWGDnKuDSehN7jsNR-p49oJtpIsMcg/s400/circuit.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/4093932011588932138/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/esquema-transmissor-de-ondas-curtas.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/4093932011588932138'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/4093932011588932138'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/esquema-transmissor-de-ondas-curtas.html' title='Esquema Transmissor de Ondas Curtas'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV4P5lhxiPS7yq6xTsBllQAng4ZGQ9OUZk-R3zd5308qP50FFf6bijlgxYcjhVcVYEH4xUumYAQmWNZuKKoW8sT3piZ4c4cABfAu6Lzim7YktLtxWGDnKuDSehN7jsNR-p49oJtpIsMcg/s72-c/circuit.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-6603435430080301103</id><published>2012-10-17T03:47:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2012-10-17T03:47:07.276-07:00</updated><title type='text'>bfo</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align=&quot;CENTER&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;CENTER&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;hr style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Oscilador de Frequência de Batimento - BFO&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qsl.net/py2ha/bfo/bfo_455khz.gif&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; clear: right; color: #999999; float: right; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qsl.net/py2ha/bfo/bfo_455khz.gif&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.qsl.net/py2ha/bfo/bfo_455khz.gif&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.qsl.net/py2ha/bfo/bfo_placa.gif&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.qsl.net/py2ha/bfo/bfo_placa.gif&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: ARIAL; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;Este Oscilador de  Frequência  de  Batimento  é  utilizado
para receber sinais  de SSB e CW  em  receptores que  não  dispõem de
oscilador próprio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
A  montagem é muito simples  e pode  ser realizada em ponte  de  
terminais  ou em placa  de circuito impresso.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
Para a bobina osciladora  foi usado o primário de um transformador
de  F.I. sintonizado em 455  khz . Qualquer  tranformador de  F.I. serve
para  essa  aplicação.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
O  sinal do B.F.O. é injetado  junto  ao  diodo detector,  bastando para isso
enrolar  cerca  de  três  espiras  de  fio fino no diodo  detector  ou 
deixar  o fio próximo à ele.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot; /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
A chave  CH1 liga  e desliga o BFO  quando estiver recebendo AM.
Após montado usa-se um frequencímetro para ajustar  a frequencia do 
sinal  em 455 khz ,quem  não tem esse  aparelho, pode ouvir o sinal do 
BFO  em um receptor comum  , sintonizando em 910 khz
(455khz x 2).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/6603435430080301103/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/bfo.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/6603435430080301103'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/6603435430080301103'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/bfo.html' title='bfo'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-1703792550755663034</id><published>2012-10-13T14:46:00.003-07:00</published><updated>2012-10-13T14:46:38.111-07:00</updated><title type='text'>antena dipolo</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-family: Tahoma; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;center&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span&gt;Antena 
Dipolo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Tahoma; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/center&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Tahoma; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;172&quot; src=&quot;http://www.qsl.net/py4bl/imagens/dipole.gif&quot; width=&quot;583&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Tahoma; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #297e8d;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Tahoma; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;A dipolo de ½&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;é 
provavelmente a mais simples antena utilizada pelos radioamadores, ela consiste 
de dois ¼&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;de 
comprimento de fio. Como mostrado, o dipolo tem uma performance melhor através 
da frente e costa de sua tela, mas terá um nulo (área reduzida/baixo rendimento) 
em qualquer lateral de seu monitor. Isto pode ser extremamente útil se você 
deseja operar Leste de estações ou Oeste de você, mas pode evitar interferência 
de estações para o Norte ou Sul (ou vice-versa).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Tahoma; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;
Para uso omni-direcional, o dipolo deverá ser 
montado verticalmente, com o centro do cabo coaxial&amp;nbsp; alimentando o fio que fica 
para o alto.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Fig 1. Mostra a antena usada com uma conexão simples a um cabo 
coaxial de 75ohms. Como a impedância característica de uma antena dipolo de ½&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;é 
aproximadamente de 75ohms, pode-se ligar a mesma diretamente ao radio. Claro 
que, se trata de uma&amp;nbsp; alternativa, mas pode alimentar o dipolo diretamente com o 
cabo de 50ohms. Porém, o melhor modo é usar um balun&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Tahoma; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Figo 2. Mostra o dipolo com um balun de 1:1 
(transformador equilibrado/desequilibrado) inserido no centro da antena. Este é 
o método preferido de construção, e normalmente tem uma melhor performance que o 
método de isolador central previamente mostrado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;
A impedância a um determinado ponto na antena é determinada pela 
relação da voltagem pela corrente àquele ponto. Por exemplo, se tiver 100 V e 
1.4 A de RF a um ponto especificado em uma antena e se elas estiverem em fase, a 
impedância seria aproximadamente 71 Ohms.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;O tamanho de uma antena dipolo de&amp;nbsp; ½&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;l&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;depende 
do diâmetro do condutor utilizado, bem como da distancia da antena com relação 
ao solo e outros, onde o ideal seria acima de&amp;nbsp; ½&lt;/span&gt;l&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;em 
metros.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Abaixo, calcule aproximadamente o tamanho de sua antena dipolo 
de ½l,&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #62614f; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Tahoma; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia,&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;para 
freqüências abaixo de 30 MHZ.&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/1703792550755663034/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/antena-dipolo.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/1703792550755663034'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/1703792550755663034'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/10/antena-dipolo.html' title='antena dipolo'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-7130821022867160895</id><published>2012-08-27T12:38:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2012-08-27T12:38:10.562-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Ondas eletromagnéticas </title><content type='html'>&lt;h1 style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://n.i.uol.com.br/licaodecasa/ensmedio/fisica/ondeletromag/maxwell.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Reprodução&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;foto-caixa&quot; src=&quot;http://n.i.uol.com.br/licaodecasa/ensmedio/fisica/ondeletromag/maxwell.jpg&quot; title=&quot;Reprodução&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
Campo e espectro eletromagnéticos&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;

  
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;credito-texto&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
Paulo Augusto Bisquolo*&lt;br /&gt;Especial para a Página 3 Pedagogia &amp;amp; Comunicação&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
   

  
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;caixa-foto&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
   &lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;
     
     &lt;div class=&quot;legenda&quot;&gt;
James Clerk Maxwell&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
   &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
   
   
     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;texto&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
    A Lei de &lt;a href=&quot;http://educacao.uol.com.br/biografias/michael-faraday.jhtm&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Faraday&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (vide o artigo &lt;a href=&quot;http://educacao.uol.com.br/fisica/ult1700u15.jhtm&quot;&gt;eletromagnetismo&lt;/a&gt;) nos ensina que a variação em um campo magnético gera um campo elétrico. O físico escocês &lt;a href=&quot;http://educacao.uol.com.br/biografias/james-clerk-maxwell.jhtm&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;James Clerk Maxwell&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
 (1831-1879) se perguntou se o contrário poderia ser feito, ou seja, uma
 variação de campo elétrico podoria gerar um campo magnético.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dessa idéia veio uma das mais importantes descobertas do século 19, que é a existência das &lt;b&gt;ondas eletromagnéticas&lt;/b&gt;. Essas &lt;a href=&quot;http://educacao.uol.com.br/fisica/ult1700u17.jhtm&quot;&gt;ondas&lt;/a&gt;
 foram produzidas experimentalmente pela primeira vez alguns anos após a
 morte de Maxwell, pelo físico alemão Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A
 importância das ondas eletromagnéticas na nossa vida é indiscutível. 
Elas estão presentes quando enxergamos os objetos a nossa volta, quando 
ligamos a TV, quando estouramos pipocas no &lt;a href=&quot;http://hsw.uol.com.br/culinaria-de-microondas.htm&quot; target=&quot;blank&quot;&gt;forno de microondas&lt;/a&gt; e em mais uma grande gama de exemplos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3&gt;
A geração das ondas eletromagnéticas&lt;/h3&gt;
No artigo sobre &lt;a href=&quot;http://educacao.uol.com.br/fisica/ult1700u7.jhtm&quot;&gt;força e campo elétrico&lt;/a&gt;
 mostramos que uma carga elétrica é capaz de criar a sua volta uma 
região de perturbação conhecida como campo elétrico. Para entender o 
processo de geração e propagação das ondas eletromagnéticas, imagine uma
 carga elétrica oscilando. Essa carga irá criar um campo elétrico 
oscilante, ou seja, um campo que varia com o tempo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Esse campo 
elétrico, por variar, será capaz de gerar um campo magnético, que por 
sua vez, também é variável. Esse campo magnético variável será capaz de 
gerar outro campo elétrico e esse novo campo elétrico irá criar outro 
campo magnético e assim sucessivamente.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A sucessão de campos magnéticos e elétricos é definida como &lt;em&gt;campo eletromagnético&lt;/em&gt;,
 que irá se propagar pelo espaço de forma autônoma e independente da 
fonte que o criou. Tal campo eletromagnético está sujeito a fenômenos 
ondulatórios como reflexão, difração e refração, e por isso pode ser 
chamado de onda eletromagnética.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O aspecto de uma onda 
eletromagnética é demonstrado na figura abaixo. Note que os campos 
magnético (B) e elétrico (E) oscilam e são perpendiculares entre si.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; border=&quot;2&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;width: 150px;&quot;&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;reprodução&quot; src=&quot;http://n.i.uol.com.br/licaodecasa/ensmedio/fisica/ondeletromag/onda.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Na
 sua pesquisa, Maxwell também demonstrou a velocidade de propagação de 
uma onda eletromagnética e obteve um valor igual ao da velocidade da 
luz, ou seja, 300.000 km/s. Desse modo ele deduziu que a luz também é 
uma onda eletromagnética. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3&gt;
O espectro eletromagnético&lt;/h3&gt;
As 
ondas eletromagnéticas podem se manifestar de diversas formas dependendo
 da sua freqüência de oscilação. Dessas manifestações, a mais famosa é a
 luz visível, que ocupa uma faixa muito pequena do espectro 
eletromagnético. Mas o que é o espectro eletromagnético?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O espectro eletromagnético é o conjunto de todas as ondas eletromagnéticas, como está representado na figura abaixo:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; border=&quot;2&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;width: 150px;&quot;&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;reprodução&quot; src=&quot;http://n.i.uol.com.br/licaodecasa/ensmedio/fisica/ondeletromag/espectro.gif&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Observe
 que, pela figura, as ondas que possuem a menor freqüência de oscilação 
são as ondas de rádio e as de maior freqüência são os raios gama. Já os 
comprimentos de onda agem de maneira inversa, ou seja, as ondas de rádio
 possuem os maiores comprimentos, enquanto que os raios gama apresentam o
 menor comprimento. Isso pode ser demonstrado pela equação fundamental 
da ondulatória que está representada a seguir.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; border=&quot;2&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;width: 150px;&quot;&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;reprodução&quot; src=&quot;http://n.i.uol.com.br/licaodecasa/ensmedio/fisica/ondeletromag/equacao.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lembre-se
 de que as ondas eletromagnéticas se propagam com a mesma velocidade e 
por isso as ondas que apresentam a maior freqüência são aquelas que 
possuem o menor comprimento de onda, enquanto que as de menor freqüência
 apresentam o maior comprimento de onda.
  &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
      
    
  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;fonte&quot; style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;* Paulo Augusto Bisquolo&lt;/b&gt; é professor de física do colégio COC-Santos (SP).&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/7130821022867160895/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/08/ondas-eletromagneticas.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/7130821022867160895'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/7130821022867160895'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/08/ondas-eletromagneticas.html' title='Ondas eletromagnéticas '/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-3251240834680340046</id><published>2012-02-27T20:26:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T20:32:56.642-08:00</updated><title type='text'>TEMPORIZADOR</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;contentpaneopen&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 737px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt;&lt;h1 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;



&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Temporizador&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;



&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Temporizador 24 horas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Temporizador 24 horas&quot; src=&quot;http://www.electronica-pt.com/imagens/temporizador-24-horas.gif&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;rads&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 120px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_1_anchor&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; display: block; height: 90px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 120px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;90&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_1&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_1&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; style=&quot;left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;120&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Temporizador

Temporizador 24 horas

 

 
Circuito: O intervalo máximo de tempo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;depende do ajuste do potênciometro de 1M - P1 e do valor dos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;condensadores C3 e C4. O clock tem por base o CI 4060 que&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;é dividido por 16384. Quando a contagem chega ao fim, a última saída&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;do divisor, pino 3, passa ao nível ALTO, actuando sobre a gate do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;triac,em alguns será conveniente usar um transistor excitador se&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;o triac necessitar de uma maior corrente de disparo. A fonte de alimentação&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;é constituída por dois diodos 1n4004, o zener, e o condensador de filtragem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;de 470pF e do&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;redutor que deve ser de&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;poliéster de 400V.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;O triac deve levar dissipador de calor, muita atenção neste circuito,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;não existe separação&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;da rede tornando perigoso a sua manipulação de uma forma descuidada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;.

Temporizador 10 minutos


Circuito: O ajuste exacto de temporização é feito pelo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;potênciometro de 500K

Temporizador para luz de prédio

Circuito: O ajuste exacto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;de temporização é feito pelo potênciometro de 470K

Temporizador 5 - 30 minutos


&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Circuito: O intervalo máximo de tempo depende do ajuste do potênciometro de 1M -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;P1 e do valor dos condensadores C3 e C4. O clock tem por base o CI 4060 que é&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;dividido por 16384. Quando a contagem chega ao fim, a última saída do divisor,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;pino 3, passa ao nível ALTO, actuando sobre a gate do triac,em alguns será&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;conveniente usar um transistor excitador se o triac necessitar de uma maior&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;corrente de disparo. A fonte de alimentação é constituída por dois diodos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;1n4004, o zener, e o condensador de filtragem de 470pF e do redutor&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;que deve ser de poliéster de 400V. O triac deve levar dissipador de calor,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;muita atenção&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;neste circuito, não existe separação da rede tornando perigoso a sua&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;manipulação&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;de uma forma descuidada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;hr style=&quot;border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; height: 1px;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;



&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Temporizador 10 minutos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;timer 10 minutos com o 555&quot; height=&quot;362&quot; src=&quot;http://www.electronica-pt.com/imagens/timer-10-minutos.gif&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Circuito: O ajuste exacto de temporização é feito pelo potênciometro de 500K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;hr style=&quot;border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; height: 1px;&quot; /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;



&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Temporizador para luz de prédio&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Temporizador para luz prédio&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; src=&quot;http://www.electronica-pt.com/imagens/temporizador-luz-predio.gif&quot; width=&quot;295&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Circuito: O ajuste exacto de temporização é feito pelo potênciometro de 470K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;hr size=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; height: 1px;&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;



&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Temporizador 5 - 30 minutos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;temporizador 5 a 30 minutos&quot; height=&quot;266&quot; src=&quot;http://www.electronica-pt.com/imagens/temporizador-eletronico.gif&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/3251240834680340046/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/temporizador.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/3251240834680340046'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/3251240834680340046'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/temporizador.html' title='TEMPORIZADOR'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-7042469111234989913</id><published>2012-02-27T20:23:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T20:31:23.136-08:00</updated><title type='text'>CIRCUITO AMPLIFICADOR DE AUDIO 100W</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; line-height: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;contentpaneopen&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 737px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt;&lt;h1 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;
Amplificador 100W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;rads&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; display: inline-table; height: 90px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 120px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Amplificador 100W&quot; height=&quot;198&quot; src=&quot;http://www.electronica-pt.com/imagens/amplificador-100w.gif&quot; title=&quot;Amplificador 100W &quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; O amplificador em si é o circuito integrado LM12CLK que é um amplificador operacional&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;de potência.Permite debitar na saída com uma impedância de 2 Ω , 150W de potência.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Por segurança e estabilidade optamos por fazer o circuito para funcionar com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;impedâncias de 4 Ω &amp;nbsp; onde obtemos uma potência RMS de 100W.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A bobina L na saída é formada por 14 voltas fio&amp;nbsp; nº 18 com núcleo de ar de 1 polegada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A resistência de 1.1 kΩ deve ser de precisão. A resistência de saída (em paralelo com a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;bobina) deve ser de 2W de potência.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Os condensadores electrolíticos devem ser de 50V ou 63V.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;
Alimentação :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url(http://static.rp67.com/images/sprite2.png); background-origin: initial; background-position: -45px -394px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; padding-left: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;V max: simétricos +/- 24V DC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url(http://static.rp67.com/images/sprite2.png); background-origin: initial; background-position: -45px -394px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 5px; padding-left: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;I&amp;nbsp; max: 5A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;
Componentes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;70&quot; style=&quot;width: 600px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R1 1 kΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C1 2.7 nF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;D1 6A2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R2 1.1 kΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C2 4700 µF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;D2 6A2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R3 3.3 kΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C3 4700 µF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;IC1 LM12CLK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R4 2.2 Ω&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;SPK alt. 4 Ω&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/7042469111234989913/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/circuito-amplificador-de-audio-100w.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/7042469111234989913'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/7042469111234989913'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/circuito-amplificador-de-audio-100w.html' title='CIRCUITO AMPLIFICADOR DE AUDIO 100W'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-3892172603968255087</id><published>2012-02-26T12:42:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:44:33.052-08:00</updated><title type='text'>LAMPADA ESTROBOSCÓPICA</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Apresentação&lt;/span&gt;Novamente utilizaremos de uma lâmpada de xenônio, para esse produtor de pulsos luminosos de alta potência, com ajuste de freqüência. Esse é o dispositivo recomendado para salas de aula, nos experimentos em estroboscopia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Eis seu esquema:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;150&quot; src=&quot;http://www.feiradeciencias.com.br/sala16/image16/16_05_01.gif&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Circuito esquemático da lâmpada &quot;strobo&quot; de alta potência&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 5px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;T1- Transformador com primário (110 + 110)V e secundário qualquer, para 1A. Esse transformador é utilizado com auto-transformador elevador de tensão; os enrolamentos secundários não são usados.&lt;br /&gt;O capacitor de 8 a 32&amp;nbsp;mF determina a intensidade dos pulsos; sua tensão de trabalho deve ser de pelo menos 350 V.&lt;br /&gt;T2- Transformador de pulso, de fabricação caseira.&lt;br /&gt;Para a lâmpada xenon e seu trafo, sugestão:&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xetrans.ind.br/xetcatlxe.html&quot;&gt;http://www.xetrans.ind.br/xetcatlxe.html&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 5px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Num bastão de ferrite de diâmetro 1cm e comprimento 6 a 10cm, faça dois enrolamentos de mesmo sentido, um com 10 espiras, outro com 200 espiras, ambos com fio 28 ou 32.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;/script&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/3892172603968255087/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/lampada-estroboscopica.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/3892172603968255087'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/3892172603968255087'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/lampada-estroboscopica.html' title='LAMPADA ESTROBOSCÓPICA'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-7779201018774608429</id><published>2012-02-26T12:33:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:45:21.267-08:00</updated><title type='text'>TECNICAS DE SOLDAGEM</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #f0f0f0; color: #333333; font-family: &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;post-1 post type-post hentry category-sem-categoria clearfix single-post&quot; id=&quot;post-1&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; display: block; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;entry-content clearfix&quot; style=&quot;display: block; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 10px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;HOTWordsTxt&quot; name=&quot;HOTWordsTxt&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;TÉCNICAS DE SOLDAGEM DE COMPONENTES&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Aprenda com detalhes a técnica de soldar componentes eletrônicos.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;more-1&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;TÉCNICAS DE SOLDAGEM DE COMPONENTES&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Esta página é muito importante para aqueles que trabalham ou querem trabalhar com eletrônica ou mesmo para quem gosta de eletrônica por hobbie. Uma boa soldagem é o primeiro passo para o perfeito funcionamento de qualquer circuito eletrônico. Atualmente os ferros de solda mais utilizados são os de 30 e os de 40 W. Abaixo vemos estes dois tipos, assim como a estrutura interna desta importante ferramenta:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda12.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-9&quot; height=&quot;120&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda12.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda1&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;O ferro de solda ou soldador é formado por um tubo de ferro galvanizado contendo uma resistência de níquel-cromo e uma ponta metálica em seu interior. Ao passar corrente elétrica pela resistência, esta aquece a ponta até chegar numa temperatura apropriada para derreter a solda.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;LIMPEZA DO FERRO DE SOLDA Existem muitas marcas de ferros de solda. Algumas muito boas como “Hikary”, “Weller”, “Fame”, etc e outras não tão boas. Porém qualquer que seja a marca do soldador, devemos tomar alguns cuidados para ele durar o máximo tempo possível: Limpeza e estanhagem da ponta – Segure o ferro pelo cabo e à medida que ele vai esquentando, derreta a solda na ponta para esta ficar brilhante e da cor do estanho. Abaixo vemos como deve ficar:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda2.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-10&quot; height=&quot;122&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda2.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda2&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Quando a ponta já está quente, vai acumulando uma crosta de sujeira. Para limpá-la basta passar numa esponja de aço ou numa esponja vegetal úmida, daquelas que vêm no suporte do ferro. Também é possível comprar esta esponja separada. NÃO SE DEVE NUNCA LIXAR OU LIMAR A PONTA. ISTO ACABA RAPIDAMENTE COM A MESMA. MANUTENÇÃO DO FERRO DE SOLDA 1 – Troca da resistência – Os ferros mais caros podem ter a resistência trocada com certa facilidade e compensa. Desparafuse e retire a ponta. Tire os parafusos do cabo e empurre o fio da resistência para dentro. Retire o “espaguete” da emenda da resistência. Não perca estes “espaguetes” já que além de isolantes elétricos, são isolantes térmicos. Coloque a nova resistência dentro do tubo metálico. Refaça a emenda do cabo de força e recoloque os “espaguetes”. Posicione a resistência até ela encostar bem perto da ponta. Recoloque os parafusos do cabo e a ponta. Abaixo vemos o procedimento:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda3.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-11&quot; height=&quot;307&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda3.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda3&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;2 – Troca da ponta – Basta retirar o parafuso que prende a mesma e retirá-la do tubo da resistência. Na colocação da ponta nova, não deixe-a muito para fora senão ela esquentará pouco. Abaixo vemos como deve ficar:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda4.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-12&quot; height=&quot;79&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda4.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda4&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;A SOLDA Existem diversas marcas de solda para eletrônica. Uma marca de solda é considerada de boa qualidade quando, ao se fazer uma soldagem com um ferro de solda limpo e estanhado, esta soldagem ficar brilhante. Se ficar opaca (cinza) a solda não é de boa qualidade. As soldas de boa qualidade são “Best”, “Cobix”, “Cast”, etc. Abaixo vemos um tubinho e uma cartela de solda. Ela também é vendida em rolo de 500 g e 250 g como visto:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda5.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-13&quot; height=&quot;179&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda5.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda5&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;As soldas usadas em eletrônica possuem 30 % de chumbo e 70 % de estanho, além de uma resina para a solda aderir ao circuito. Esta resina era substituída antigamente pela “pasta de solda” (breu).&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;APLICAÇÃO DE SOLDA NOS CIRCUITOS ELETRÔNICOS&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;1 – Segue o ferro de solda da mesma forma que o lápis para escrever;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;2 – Limpe e estanhe a ponta do ferro de solda;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;3 – Encoste a ponta ao mesmo tempo na trilha e no terminal do componente. Mantenha o ferro imóvel durante esta operação;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;4 – Aplique solda na trilha até ela cobrir toda a ilha e o terminal do componente;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;5 – Retire o ferro rapidamente. A operação da soldagem deve ser feita rapidamente para não danificar as trilhas da placa. Abaixo vemos o procedimento:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda6.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-14&quot; height=&quot;179&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda6.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda6&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;SUGADORES DE SOLDA Esta ferramenta é usada para retirar a solda do circuito. É formada por um tubo de metal ou plástico com um embolo impulsionado através de uma mola. Abaixo vemos diversos modelos de sugadores de solda:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda7.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-15&quot; height=&quot;118&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda7.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda7&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Para o sugador durar o máximo de tempo possível, de vez em quando temos que desmontá-lo para fazer uma limpeza interna e colocar grafite em pó para melhorar o deslizamento do embolo. Também podemos usar uma “camisinha” para proteger o bico. A “camisinha” é um bico de borracha resistente ao calor e adquirido nas lojas de ferramentas ou componentes eletrônicos.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;USO CORRETO DO SUGADOR DE SOLDA&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Abaixo vemos a sequência para aplicar o sugador de solda e retirar um componente de uma placa de circuito impresso:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda8.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-16&quot; height=&quot;118&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda8.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda8&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;1 – Encoste a ponta do ferro na solda que vai ser retirada. O recomendável aqui é colocar um pouco mais de solda no terminal do componente. Isto facilita a dessoldagem;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;2 – Derreta bem a solda no terminal do componente;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;3 – Empurre o embolo (pistão) do sugador e coloque-o bem em cima da solda na posição vertical, sem retirar o ferro;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;4 – Aperte o botão, o pistão volta para a posição inicial e o bico aspira a solda para dentro do sugador;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;5 – Retire o ferro e sugador ao mesmo tempo. Agora o componente está com o terminal solto. Se ficar ainda um pouco de solda segurando o terminal, coloque mais e repita a operação.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;ACESSÓRIOS PARA SOLDAGEM&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Estes acessórios são basicamente uma esponja vegetal que deve ser umedecida para limpar a ponta do ferro, suportes para colocar o ferro aquecido e a pasta de solda (breu) usada quando vamos soldar numa superfície onde é difícil a aderência da solda. Abaixo vemos os elementos citados:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda9.gif&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-17&quot; height=&quot;118&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda9.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda9&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.25em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;PISTOLA DE SOLDA É um tipo de ferro de solda que aquece a ponteira quase instantaneamente quando apertamos um botão que ele tem em forma de gatilho. Também tem uma pequena lâmpada para iluminar o local onde está sendo feita a soldagem. Este ferro é indicado para soldas mais pesadas, ou seja, componentes grandes com terminais mais grossos. Abaixo vemos um tipo de pistola:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda10.gif&quot; style=&quot;outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-full wp-image-18&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;http://sombox.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/solda10.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-width: initial; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; text-align: center;&quot; title=&quot;solda10&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;TUTORIAL ORIGINAL RETIRADO DE SOMBOX.COM.&lt;/i&gt;BR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6359585953030623011&quot; name=&quot;comments&quot; style=&quot;color: #2c445e; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/7779201018774608429/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/tecnicas-de-soldagem.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/7779201018774608429'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/7779201018774608429'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/tecnicas-de-soldagem.html' title='TECNICAS DE SOLDAGEM'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-1788624395078793499</id><published>2012-02-26T11:59:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-26T11:59:44.574-08:00</updated><title type='text'>NEON CASEIRO</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Tahoma, Calibri, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Material Nescessário&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 1em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;01 Adaptador molex&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;01 Cabide de Plástico (cabide transparente normal)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;02 Leds de alto brilho&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;02 Resistores de 470 ohms&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Fios para as ligações&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Lixa 180&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;ferro de solda&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;arame de Solda&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/script&gt;ple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;1º Com a serra manual , serre o cabide na sua parte inferior, do tamanho que desejar. Note que quanto maior for o tamanho do tubo, menos luz terá em seu meio, ficando sempre a maior luminosidade nas pontas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br &lt;script=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;script src=&quot;http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&gt;
&lt;/script&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;/&amp;gt;Com uma lixa 180, lixe toda a extremidade do plástico, para que o mesmo fique fosco. Isso dá um efeito melhor na dissipação de luz .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;306&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-lixando.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;273&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-resultado.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;em cada ponta do tubo, sempre tomando cuidado de não alargar o furo demais ou quebrar as beiradas. Use o led de 5mm como medida e vá testando. O led deve entrar justo no buraco, não sendo necessário colar com cola quente, mas caso isso não aconteca, cole com cola quente pelo lado de fora, não colocando a cola no buraco.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;263&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-fazendo%20o%20furo%201.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;263&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-colocando%20o%20led.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;4º Corte as pernas dos 2 leds para que fiquem mais curtas, deixando o espaço para soldar. Esse passo é necessário para que não fique tão grande a ligação na hora de soldar os resistores&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Faça o mesmo com as pernas dos resistores&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;247&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-led%20cortado.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;5º Solde o resistor na perna maior do led&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;foi usado um fio paralelo de 3mm para fazer as ligações, mas pode ser usado outro tipo de fios&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;244&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-soldado%20resistor.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;6º Corte as pontas dos fios, de maneira que fiquem no tamanho certo em relação às pernas dos leds, e solde uma ponta do fio no resistor. depois solde a outra ponta do fio na perna do led que sobrou&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;7º Solde a ponta do fio que vem da perna mais curta do outro led na perna mais curta desse 2º led, juntamente com uma das pontas do fio que vai ser usado para ligar na fonte.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Solde a ponta do fio que vem do resistor do outro led no resistor desse 2º led, juntamente com a outra ponta do fio que vai ser usado para ligar na fonte.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_warning&quot; id=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_warning_1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; cursor: pointer; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;Click here to view the original image of 619x406px.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;261&quot; id=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_container_1&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-quase%20pronto1.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;8º Agora, desmonte os fios amarelo e um preto do molex, para que possamos soldar o fio que ligará o Tubo de Luz, e faça a solda neles. Lembre-se que o fio que vai para os resistores deve ser ligado no fio amarelo do molex e o outro no fio preto do molex.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_warning&quot; id=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_warning_2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; cursor: pointer; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;Click here to view the original image of 640x402px.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;250&quot; id=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_container_2&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-a%20instala%C3%A7%C3%A3o.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Se a ligação estiver correta, o projeto deverá ficar assim&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_warning&quot; id=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_warning_3&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black; color: white; cursor: pointer; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;Click here to view the original image of 636x404px.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;253&quot; id=&quot;ncode_imageresizer_container_3&quot; src=&quot;http://www.babooforum.com.br/idealbb/files/127051-final.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; max-width: 800px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Você pode fazer a mesma coisa usando um led somente em um tubo menor, alcançando o mesmo efeito&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/1788624395078793499/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/neon-caseiro.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/1788624395078793499'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/1788624395078793499'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/neon-caseiro.html' title='NEON CASEIRO'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-4653552191337828767</id><published>2012-02-26T11:34:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:47:43.682-08:00</updated><title type='text'>ESTAÇÃO DE SOLDA AR QUENTE &quot;CASEIRA&quot;</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;&quot;&gt;Trabalhando com componentes SMTS (Surface Mount Technology) é muito difícil sem um lápis de ar quente SMT.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb9npSH5CmZzM63BlRn27Xu5W6ubr4BNFU-SPNzPneW6hloLKVLI13vOv_62EbDJUgdw6NHIXw5V_hl-raOFCHxFVXEyJ7ltWLNqi72VCvcqSswd4gzaDr4ieZc9BdP2udCohCoC1EBkg/s1600-h/station.gif&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5037391833854869554&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb9npSH5CmZzM63BlRn27Xu5W6ubr4BNFU-SPNzPneW6hloLKVLI13vOv_62EbDJUgdw6NHIXw5V_hl-raOFCHxFVXEyJ7ltWLNqi72VCvcqSswd4gzaDr4ieZc9BdP2udCohCoC1EBkg/s200/station.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-right-width: 1px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; float: right; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; padding-top: 2px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;&quot;&gt;Os preços de estações Smt são muito altos, então eu decidi construí-lo por minha própria, o resultado é muito impressionante.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;&quot;&gt;Qualquer pessoa com noções básicas de eletrônica pode tentar construí-lo, ele é feito com materiais comuns.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF_2xeDyAUxOQhPIYQV5-ECGpN3KF6K7J4jKohrO83GCq7P0PM03wt4l6nkrYzhn_2ITaGQ5vDGqLlili2GX6l4MXDoKvFPE3CnFOIzEmQUnH2kJrSHEOOU6-hRYVBLP-obmdE4nsuE8M/s1600-h/smtstation.jpg&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5037392332071075922&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF_2xeDyAUxOQhPIYQV5-ECGpN3KF6K7J4jKohrO83GCq7P0PM03wt4l6nkrYzhn_2ITaGQ5vDGqLlili2GX6l4MXDoKvFPE3CnFOIzEmQUnH2kJrSHEOOU6-hRYVBLP-obmdE4nsuE8M/s200/smtstation.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-right-width: 1px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; float: right; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; padding-top: 2px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;&quot;&gt;Uma estação SMT desoldering é composta de: - um aquecedor, que é uma solda forte (min 50watt) - um trocador de calor (palha de ferro) - uma bomba de ar Navegar na web eu encontrar algumas estações Desoldering caseiros mas todos usando uma bomba de aquário.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a &lt;script=&quot;&quot; href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6359585953030623011&quot; type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&gt;

&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;&quot;&gt;Porque eu não consigo obter essa bomba eu decidi substituí-lo com um secador de cabelo, mini aqueles de viagem utilizado, este último tem dentro de 12 v motor de fazer com que o interno resistência da bobina utilizada para o ar quente também é usado para reduzir o AC 220 para 12 volts de facto, dentro deste secador pouco você vai encontrar a bobina, o motor e uma ponte retificadora.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;A única coisa que você precisa é do motor e do chassi de tubo de modo que você tem que cortar o cabo.&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiAn6zHYzQkQ5CHm-NEDXy2EbVwji09JkhSaLfr9PtbMjqce9BNBqwMI3KIOavpt5sOUYsZWqQuaMW8rTo-KKIr2YsVk4Fuq3egHU7S_q9CYgxzfJj0GTIj2WAKRRKZ1YM39le5mjZ_W8/s1600-h/testingpen.jpg&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5037392499574800482&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiAn6zHYzQkQ5CHm-NEDXy2EbVwji09JkhSaLfr9PtbMjqce9BNBqwMI3KIOavpt5sOUYsZWqQuaMW8rTo-KKIr2YsVk4Fuq3egHU7S_q9CYgxzfJj0GTIj2WAKRRKZ1YM39le5mjZ_W8/s200/testingpen.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-right-width: 1px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; float: right; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; padding-top: 2px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Primeiro de tudo você tem que ter o elemento Hotting, eu usei um ferro velho watt 60, colocando o elemento esquentando dentro da extremidade de um ferro comprido tubo, (cerca de 20 cm, você também pode usar o tubo de solda mesmo se não há furos), em seguida, cercaram o elemento com lã de aço (não carregue dentro de muito ou não haverá fluxo de ar) que é utilizado para lavar panelas, este truque tornar o ar mais quente e ir devagar antes de sair.&amp;nbsp;Em seguida, I usado um tubo de plástico 1 metro (0,5 cm) para transferir o ar para a caneta.&amp;nbsp;Para a dica que você pode usar algum material loja de hardware, deve ser de ferro, mais curto e pontiagudo (nunca usar alumínio ou latão que vai reduzir a temperatura de fora, de preferência usar o cobre).&amp;nbsp;Depois de ter feito a caneta você pode testá-lo com a sua respiração.&amp;nbsp;Assegurar que não há outro buraco Apenas uma de bruxa você soprar o ar, você também pode usar um pouco de cola quente, mas apenas para a cauda da solda, obviamente, não para o ponto Para testar: ligar a solda, espere alguns minutos, levemente soprar no tubo de plástico, coloque o ponto de 2 cm a partir de um papel, em 3 segundos, o trabalho deve começar a queimar ou se tornou escuro.&amp;nbsp;Se é assim que você está pronto para construir a bomba de ar, se não for assim, manter a leitura here.Perhaps sua solda é inferior a 40 watts poderoso ou se você tiver abastecido a lã de ferro muito, por isso para o seu golpe é muito difícil passar, mas também pode haver lã de ferro muito pouco, o quente não é transferida quitely.&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcOyZaz0N8ntUsavVFS-Pw4T8A3CyOhCGfv45jXozJbhWz7VkgcApk7eYa9UwtOXSdgxmcdwH1dG1RyeCZmqGKbcfssotw416d-FKxxv_u7e9mzD6cVV4vH5mDkPs0HxlOLLWs6Bqlud8/s1600-h/panelview.jpg&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5037391631991406626&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcOyZaz0N8ntUsavVFS-Pw4T8A3CyOhCGfv45jXozJbhWz7VkgcApk7eYa9UwtOXSdgxmcdwH1dG1RyeCZmqGKbcfssotw416d-FKxxv_u7e9mzD6cVV4vH5mDkPs0HxlOLLWs6Bqlud8/s200/panelview.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-right-width: 1px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(227, 228, 228); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; float: right; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 2px; padding-top: 2px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Experiência com a quantidade de lã de ferro e colocar o elemento Hotting tão perto quanto possível da ponta.&amp;nbsp;A construção da bomba de ar não é tão difícil como parece, em primeiro lugar obter o seu secador de cabelo, mini remover tudo, exceto o motor eo rotor final, cortar apenas a alça e tampa de plástico do rotor, que a partir do qual o ar entrar ( para obter mais fluxo de ar), tomar uma garrafa pet de plástico 66cl (Coke, Fanta e assim por diante) cortá-lo fazer tal como um funil, insira-o no buraco para fora do secador usar um pouco de cola quente para consertá-lo, melhor se for s inseridos com um pouco de pressão, em seguida, tomar a tampa, pegue o tubo de bronze curto espaço de 0,5 cm de diâmetro, fazer o furo na tampa para encaixar perfeitamente no tubo, inserir o tubo, use um pouco de cola quente para consertá-lo. Agora você pode usar tubo de metal, tal para se ajustar ao tubo de plástico para obter o ar exterior.&amp;nbsp;Use uma variável de alimentação 6-12 volts para ligar o secador de motor e controlar o fluxo de ar, você pode usar o projeto de abastecimento dentro desta página seguinte.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;&quot;&gt;Olhe para minha imagem e você vai entender tudo o que eu quero dizer, através da regulação do poder fornecer-lhe regular a temperatura, mais o ar que você bombear o mais rapidamente será a desoldering.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Obviamente, não existe garantia de que um componente desoldered continuará a funcionar com este tipo de estação!Hotting por muito tempo (mais de 10 seg.) Certamente irá destruir o componente SMT.&amp;nbsp;No final você terá uma estação de solda com características não muito diferentes daqueles comerciais Bom funcionamento!&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/4653552191337828767/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/estacao-de-solda-ar-quente-caseira.html#comment-form' title='1 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/4653552191337828767'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/4653552191337828767'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/estacao-de-solda-ar-quente-caseira.html' title='ESTAÇÃO DE SOLDA AR QUENTE &quot;CASEIRA&quot;'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb9npSH5CmZzM63BlRn27Xu5W6ubr4BNFU-SPNzPneW6hloLKVLI13vOv_62EbDJUgdw6NHIXw5V_hl-raOFCHxFVXEyJ7ltWLNqi72VCvcqSswd4gzaDr4ieZc9BdP2udCohCoC1EBkg/s72-c/station.gif" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-672657072727677213</id><published>2012-02-26T08:53:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:48:29.846-08:00</updated><title type='text'>RADIO FM SUPER REGENERATIVO</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans Unicode&#39;, &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;SUPER REGENERATIVO&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; display: inline-table; height: 250px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 300px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;ins id=&quot;aswift_0_anchor&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; display: block; height: 250px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 300px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;iframe allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;250&quot; hspace=&quot;0&quot; id=&quot;aswift_0&quot; marginheight=&quot;0&quot; marginwidth=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;aswift_0&quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; style=&quot;left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px;&quot; vspace=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;300&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;post-text clear&quot; style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 16px/normal Verdana, Tahoma, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;é um receptor para experimentar e brincar.&amp;nbsp;Isto fala para a qualidade de selectividade de recepção, etc.Comparado com um receptor Heteródino Super.&amp;nbsp;Isso é como deve ser qualquer Rx que afirma ser.&amp;nbsp;De qualquer forma, podemos ouvir&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;comerciais estações FM&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;, o&lt;strong&gt;canal de televisão FONIA&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;a torre de controle de um aeroporto&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;que lá fora, e assim por diante.&amp;nbsp;Com algumas considerações a ter em conta, podemos usá-lo sem problemas.&amp;nbsp;Úbere das mãos:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;post-text clear&quot; style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 16px/normal Verdana, Tahoma, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0px; padding-bottom: 5px;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=6359585953030623011&quot; id=&quot;more-1390&quot; name=&quot;mas&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;Para começar, pegue o circuito de um scan da revista saber eletrônica, eu encontrei (como muitos dos meus projetos) no Forum: forosdeelectronica.com, então eu fiz uma pequena modificação, com o conselho dos meus amigos do fórum.&amp;nbsp;Considere as informações do receptor:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag01.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;pag01&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-medium wp-image-1392&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag01-220x300.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;pag01&quot; width=&quot;220&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag02.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;pag02&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-medium wp-image-1393&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag02-218x300.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;pag02&quot; width=&quot;218&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag03.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;pag03&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-medium wp-image-1394&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag03-218x300.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;pag03&quot; width=&quot;218&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag04.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;pag04&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-medium wp-image-1395&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag04-218x300.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;pag04&quot; width=&quot;218&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag05.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;pag05&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-medium wp-image-1396&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/pag05-218x300.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;pag05&quot; width=&quot;218&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;Depois de ler e reler aquelas folhas, resolvi montá-lo para a simplicidade do circuito.A única coisa que foi considerado necessário para substituir o transformador na saída do áudio.&amp;nbsp;Como substituir um colega me deu o link, usando um LM386 com uma configuração de folha de dados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsresq01.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;rxsresq01&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-medium wp-image-1398&quot; height=&quot;222&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsresq01-300x222.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;rxsresq01&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;small style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Diagrama e inicial&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsresq02.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;rxsresq02&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-medium wp-image-1400&quot; height=&quot;172&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsresq02-300x172.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;rxsresq02&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;small style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Diagrama electrónico, utilizando um LM386 como amplificador de áudio&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;Com essa mudança, comecei a montar o circuito.&amp;nbsp;Que as imagens anexadas:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsr02.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;rxsr02&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-full wp-image-1402&quot; height=&quot;431&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsr02.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;rxsr02&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;small style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Detalhe RX, saiu da cabeça para baixo LM386&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsr03.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;rxsr03&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-full wp-image-1403&quot; height=&quot;445&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsr03.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;rxsr03&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;small style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Imagem do interior do &quot;escudo&quot; com que as transmissões da bobina alcance bastante claramente Jorge Chavez aeroporto (aprox. 3 km de distância)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsr04.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;rxsr04&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-full wp-image-1404&quot; height=&quot;416&quot; src=&quot;http://asterion.almadark.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/rxsr04.jpg&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 198, 213); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;rxsr04&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;small style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Algumas partes do Rx etiquetados&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;Considerações pessoais:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;Alguns podem se perguntar por que o escudo, que não aparece em nenhuma das considerações do Rx ou o diagrama.&amp;nbsp;A razão é que este tipo de receptores é bastante instável na frequência de recepção.&amp;nbsp;Possivelmente por causa de sua alta sensibilidade.&amp;nbsp;Por isso, quando meu Rx não tinha armadura, o suficiente para sair a 20cm da bobina para mudar de estações, hehe.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;&quot;&gt;Então eu recomendo como um primeiro ponto, quando montado notar que eles vão proteger e preparar a assembléia para esse fim.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Em seguida, proteger pelo menos os seguintes componentes:&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Q1, CV1 e L1&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;, esta blindagem deve ser feita por um material electricamente condutor deve ser ligada à terra.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;Neste receptor da blindagem melhora grandemente a recepção, mas não o suficiente, por isso, se você também pode colocá-lo em uma caixa seria o ideal.Recorde tomar distância da antena para evitar alterações de ruído e frequência.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;Bem, com tudo isso andando mais ou menos bem, e conseguir um pouco de diversão piadas ouvir os motoristas, entediado com a voz do operador da torre de controle etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;Divirta-se!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans Unicode&#39;, &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/672657072727677213/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/radio-fm-super-regenerativo.html#comment-form' title='2 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/672657072727677213'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/672657072727677213'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/radio-fm-super-regenerativo.html' title='RADIO FM SUPER REGENERATIVO'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-319994388552325823</id><published>2012-02-26T08:11:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:49:18.209-08:00</updated><title type='text'>MICRO TRANSMISSOR ESTÁVEL</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h1 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Micro transmissor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Permite vigiar o sono dos bebés, transmitir uma conversa telefónica para outro ambiente, ou escutar o som da televisão.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;O projecto de radiomicrofone que se descreve a seguir, apresenta as características seguintes: máxima estabilidade de frequência em comparação com a simplicidade do circuito (a deriva é só de 5 KHz após 15 minutos de ligado, com a condição de a alimentação ser estabilizada); sensibilidade microfónica extremamente elevada; e consumo muito baixo de corrente, o que significa uma longa vida da pilha.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Como basicamente se trata de montar um emissor de VHF, se bem que seja de potência muito baixa, comenta-se a seguir o parâmetro mais delicado de um oscilador livre, especialmente se for de VHF, a estabilidade de frequência, que depende de vários factores. Em primeiro lugar, é importante utilizar componentes de muito boa qualidade, uma questão que se resolve utilizando os indicados na lista de componentes. No entanto, isto não evita que seja também importante conhecer os restantes motivos, mais directos e imediatos, da deriva de frequência.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Com a alimentação inicial do circuito, a corrente começa a circular pelos componentes e produz um aumento da sua temperatura, especialmente dos semicondutores. Como consequência, as características dos componentes também variam (se bem que imperceptivelmente).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Isto acontece de modo contínuo durante os primeiros minutos de funcionamento, até se alcançar a temperatura de regime do conjunto.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Nos receptores de FM de alguma qualidade, o inconveniente do deslizamento de frequência soluciona-se com um circuito de controle automático de frequência (CAF) que tem precisamente a missão de manter preso o oscilador de conversão do receptor à frequência do emissor que se está a receber.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Outro motivo dos deslizamentos casuais de frequência é a aproximação da mão ou de outro objecto condutor de qualquer oscilador livre; a sua frequência desloca-se inevitavelmente devido aos acoplamentos capacitivos que se produzem. Portanto, é muito importante dispor de um microemissor num local afastado de partes metálicas móveis, que poderiam produzir rápidos deslocamentos de frequência.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Outro tipo de deriva, neste caso bastante lenta, é produzida pela paulatina redução da tensão da pilha, com a passagem do tempo. Portanto, a frequência do oscilador, especialmente se for do tipo realizado com varicap, reduz-se proporcionalmente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Neste caso, não é possível pensar em utilizar um circuito de estabilização, porque este absorveria mais potência de que o próprio transmissor e duração da pilha seriam drasticamente reduzidos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Análise do circuito&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;180&quot; src=&quot;http://www.marcotomas.eu/electronica/imagens/audio11-cir.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Figura 1 - Esquema eléctrico do circuito do microtransmissor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;O esquema do circuito está representado na figura 1 - O microfone M, do tipo de condensador, transforma as ondas sonoras que chegam à sua membrana sensível em sinais eléctricos perfeitamente correspondentes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Como na cápsula do microfone existe uma etapa amplificadora MOSFET, o dispositivo necessita de uma tensão de alimentação de corrente contínua (com um consumo de muito poucos miliamperes), que proporciona a resistência R1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;O sinal eléctrico disponível na saída do conjunto do microfone aplica-se à entrada inversora do IC1A através do condensador C1, que isola a referida entrada da componente de corrente contínua da alimentação do microfone. Deste modo, esta entrada fica polarizada exclusivamente pela tensão obtida através de R4.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A entrada não inversora de IC1A está polarizada mediante o divisor de tensão R2 e R3, que estabelece o valor da tensão de saída em repouso de IC1A. Como as duas resistências são do mesmo valor, esta tensão da saída é igual a metade da tensão de alimentação, ou seja, de 4,5 V. Nestas condições, a amplificação de IC1A é de 20 vezes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A entrada não inversora de IC1B recebe a mesma tensão de polarização do divisor antes indicado, enquanto que a outra entrada, a inversora, está ligada à saída para receber uma realimentação negativa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Entre a saída 1 de IC1A e a entrada 6 de IC1B, o sinal circula através do condensador C5 pelo mesmo motivo de isolamento, exposto para a entrada de IC1A. A resistência R5 tem a finalidade de ajustar as impedâncias de acoplamento entre as duas etapas e o seu ganho relativo. A amplificação que se obtém de lC1B é regulável entre 1 e 47 vezes mediante o potenciómetro de ajuste P1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Como consequência, a amplificação máxima do conjunto desta duas etapas é de 20x47 = 940 vezes. Esta amplificação é bastante elevada, pelo que o ajuste de P1 deverá realizar-se de acordo com a aplicação.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Por exemplo, se se pretender vigiar o sono de um bebé, ouvir o telefone ou o toque da porta do jardim, ou ainda a conversação normal entre duas pessoas, a amplificação do microemissor deverá ajustar-se para o mínimo mediante a regulação adequada de P1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Porém, se se pretender escutar uma conversação sussurrante ou proveniente de outra sala, ou os sons da natureza, a regulação da sensibilidade deverá ser no máximo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;No entanto, há que ter em conta um certo cuidado com a regulação de P1, porque o microemissor não pode reproduzir com fidelidade os sons fortes que o saturem se estiver regulado a um nível de amplificação grande, porque ficam muito distorcidos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Isto deve-se a que, além da elevada distorção, se produz um desvio de frequência do sinal de RF modulado, com as consequências que se indicam a seguir.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Banda passante&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A banda passante dum receptor de FM é a janela pela qual passam as frequências úteis, que quase sempre é determinada por filtros cerâmicos centrados nos 10,7 MHz. O seu valor está compreendido entre 250 e 350 KHz, conforme os tipos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Um bom filtro é aquele cuja resposta está preparada para obter uma boa separação entre sinais muito próximos, pelo que não deve deixar passar as frequências que existirem para além da sua banda passante.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;No caso da FM, o sinal recebido deve ter um desvio máximo de frequência não superior à banda passante do receptor. De outro modo, como uma parte do sinal não passa através da janela do filtro, não se aproveitaria. A perda desta parte de informação produz uma forte distorção do sinal de áudio recebido.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Em geral, o desvio de frequência dum transmissor de FM é dado também pelo nível da saída do amplificador de áudio. Um sinal de áudio de baixo nível proporciona uma modulação qualitativamente boa com um nível de áudio óptimo na saída do receptor; uma modulação excessiva provoca uma distorção muito forte do sinal de áudio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;118&quot; src=&quot;http://www.marcotomas.eu/electronica/imagens/audio11-img.jpg&quot; width=&quot;243&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Figura 2 - Distribuição do sinal na banda passante em função da modulação aplicada à frequência portadora.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Na figura 2 representaram-se estas três situações mediante os gráficos designados por análise espectral para cada condição. Em a) só existe a portadora situada no centro da banda passante do receptor, isto é, sem modulação; em b), a modulação é óptima, porque o desvio de frequência está dentro da banda passante do filtro de recepção, com o que se obtém uma audição boa; em c), o desvio é excessivo, pelo que uma parte das bandas laterais cai fora da banda passante, com o que se obtém uma grande distorção.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Etapa de modulação de frequência&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;O sinal de áudio amplificado por IC1 é aplicado ao ânodo do díodo varicap DV1 através da resistência R10, a qual tem a finalidade de impedir que o sinal de RF, presente neste ponto, se curtocircuite á massa devido à baixa impedância da saída do circuito integrado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Este sinal de áudio produz variações na capacidade de DV1. Como este díodo faz parte do oscilador de RF, traduzem-se em variações correspondentes da frequência gerada pelo oscilador, isto é, produzem uma modulação da RF.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Como consequência, produz-se uma modulação de frequência proporcionalmente à intensidade do sinal amplificado (o sinal de BF aplicado ao DV1), que corresponde ao sinal de BF.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;O circuito oscilante propriamente dito, é formado, além de DV1, pela bobine L1, condensador de compensação (trimmer) C10 e o condensador C6. O transístor TR1 proporciona a energia suficiente para manter a oscilação do circuito.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Etapa de RF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A etapa de RF é do tipo de base à massa. A base de TR1 é ligada à massa sob o ponto de vista da RF através de C5, enquanto que a polarização é determinada pelos valores das resistências do divisor de tensão R7 e R8, juntamente com a resistência de realimentação de emissor R9.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A verdadeira rede de realimentação que determina o início das oscilações da etapa é formada por C6, que aplica uma parte do sinal de saída do colector na entrada de TR1 (emissor), produzindo a necessária dose de realimentação positiva.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Além dos condensadores e da bobine L1, o circuito de saída ressonante tem uma tomada que serve para aplicar o sinal a uma antena transmissora, se bem que o micro transmissor se possa escutar a curta distância sem nenhuma antena.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Montagem do micro transmissor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;289&quot; src=&quot;http://www.marcotomas.eu/electronica/imagens/audio11-pci.jpg&quot; width=&quot;392&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Figura 3 - Traçado do circuito Impresso.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;215&quot; src=&quot;http://www.marcotomas.eu/electronica/imagens/audio11-com.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Figura 4 - Implantação dos componentes na placa da circuito impresso.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Tratando-se dum circuito de alta frequência, com uma etapa de baixa frequência, com um ganho bastante elevado, e que deve ser muito compacto, de dimensões reduzidas é imprescindível realizar a montagem numa placa de circuito impresso como a representada na figura 3, que se projectou de modo a que a montagem do microtransmissor não seja excessivamente incómoda, especialmente para o leitor que não tiver grande experiência nas montagens de RF.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Uma vez realizada a placa e na posse de todos os componentes do circuito, procede-se à montagem de acordo com o esquema prático da figura 4 e seguindo sempre uma ordem lógica. Começa-se pelas resistências e condensadores, excepto C2 e C9, por agora.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A seguir monta-se o potenciómetro de ajuste P1 e o trimmer C10. Se bem que estes componentes não sejam polarizados, a sua inserção tem um sentido obrigatório, o qual se deverá ter em conta seguindo a orientação indicada na figura 4.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;http://www.marcotomas.eu/electronica/imagens/audio11-img1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;476&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Figura 5 - A versão de antena mais simples é uma vareta de um quarto de onda. Uma versão mais eficiente é o dipolo constituído por dois fios de um quarto da onda de comprimento.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;É de todo aconselhável que o circuito integrado IC1 seja montado num suporte, procurando realizar as soldaduras dos seus terminais com muito cuidado para impedir que fiquem em curto-circuito devido a pontes de solda.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Passando aos semicondutores, monta-se o varicap DV1, cujo cátodo está marcado com uma faixa de cor (em geral preta no corpo de vidro) que deve ficar virada para o bordo exterior da placa. TR1 tem uma alheta metálica de referência que indica a posição do emissor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Para a montagem de C2 há que respeitar a polaridade indicada no seu corpo, enquanto que C9 se solda, por um lado à bobine L1, directamente, e pelo outro ao bordo da placa de circuito impresso.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A bobine L1 determina a banda de frequências na qual trabalha o micro transmissor. Realiza-se com 5 espiras de fio desnudado e prateado, de 1 mm de diâmetro, enrolado sobre um suporte de 8 mm de diâmetro, espaçadas regularmente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Uma vez montada na placa de circuito impresso, o terminal livre de C9 corta-se e solta-se a um terço ou um quarto do comprimento total da bobine, a partir do extremo ligado ao positivo da alimentação.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A cápsula do microfone é ligada aos furos da placa previstos, mediante dois fios de ligação flexíveis e isolados. As ligações de saída e da alimentação realizam-se, mais comodamente, com terminais cravados. A seguir monta-se o circuito impresso no respectivo suporte, respeitando a posição do círculo no seu corpo, que corresponde ao terminal 1, tal como se indica nas figuras 4 e 5.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Por último liga-se o conector da pilha a uma pilha de 9V, normal, se bem que seja melhor do tipo de longa duração. O circuito deverá consumir uma corrente da ordem de 10mA.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Para a alimentação é totalmente desaconselhável o uso de um alimentador de rede, porque devido à grande amplificação da etapa de BF, seria inevitável que se introduzisse um forte zumbido da rede, que impediria escutar claramente o sinal captado pelo microfone.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Se bem que o micro transmissor possa funcionar numa banda de frequência bastante ampla variando as características da bobine usada, a solução mais óbvia é utilizar a banda normal de FM para poder usar um receptor portátil que permita escutar comodamente os sinais transmitidos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;No entanto, encontrar nesta banda uma frequência que não esteja ocupada por uma emissora comercial pode ser algo difícil. Para evitar este inconveniente pode ajustar-se com C10 a frequência de transmissão na parte baixa da banda de FM (80 MHz) ou na parte alta (100 M Hz).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Se isto não for possível com C10, poderão juntar-se ou separar-se algo as espiras da bobine. Em qualquer caso, é importante que o receptor utilizado disponha de um circuito de CAF.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Ao ar livre e sem nenhuma antena aplicada à saída, o alcance do micro transmissor pode chegar a ser de uns 100 metros. Se se ligar uma antena de vareta ao terminal A da antena ou um dipolo aos terminais 3 e 4, tal como se indica na figura 5, o comprimento da vareta ou de cada fio deverá ser de um quarto de onda da banda usada (às frequências de 80 a 100 MHz será adequado um comprimento de antena de 70 a 80 cm), e o alcance será de 200 a 300 m ao ar livre. Naturalmente que uma boa recepção dependerá sempre do receptor utilizado e, em particular, da sua sensibilidade.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 6px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Lista de material&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Resistências 1/4W ±5%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R1 = 2,2KΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R2 a R6 = 10KΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R7 = 15KΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R8 = 6,8KΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R9 = 390Ω&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;R10 = 100KΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Condensadores&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C1, C4 = 100nF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C2 = 100μF 16V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C3 = 1μF 16V&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C5, C8 = 10nF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C6 = 12pF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C7, C9 = 10pF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;C10 = Trimmer cilindrico 3/40pF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Semicondutores&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;IC1 = TL072&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;TR1 = 2N1711 ou 2N2219&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;DV1 = Varicap BB505&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;




&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Diversos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;P1 = Potenciómetro ajustável vertical 470KΩ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;M = Microfone de condensador&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;B1 = Pilha de 9V, com conector&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Suporte DIL para IC de 8 terminais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/319994388552325823/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/micro-transmissor-estavel.html#comment-form' title='2 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/319994388552325823'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/319994388552325823'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/micro-transmissor-estavel.html' title='MICRO TRANSMISSOR ESTÁVEL'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-5483277085387967722</id><published>2012-02-25T21:12:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:49:47.406-08:00</updated><title type='text'>CARREGADOR DE PILHAS DE NICAD</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;conteudo_materia_cabecalho&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticiatitulo&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Carregador de 2/4/6 Pilhas de Nicad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticialinhafina&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Nosso projeto consiste em um carregador que pode carregar 2, 4 ou 6 pilhas de Nicad com limitação de corrente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticiaautor&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticiatexto&quot; id=&quot;noticia_texto&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 2px; margin-right: 2px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;contentblock&quot; id=&quot;page1&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Nosso projeto consiste em um carregador que pode carregar 2, 4 ou 6 pilhas de Nicad com limitação de corrente. As pilhas indicadas são as pequenas (AA).&amp;nbsp;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;Operando a partir da rede de energia, ele precisa de 14 a 16 horas para dar uma carga completa em grupos de 2 até 6 pilhas (sem modificações no circuito)&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;Tudo que o leitor tem que fazer é colocar as pilhas em suportes apropria- dos e ligar as garras-jacaré nos pólos observando a polaridade, e deixar de um dia para o outro.&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;O LED do aparelho ficará aceso, indicando a carga, o que é muito importante, pois se uma pilha estiver com mau contato no suporte a corrente não passará. Se isso ocorrer, o LED indicará.&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;O resistor foi dimensionado para fornecer ao circuito uma corrente de carga da ordem de 15 mA, o que é o exigido para a maioria das pilhas AA. Com a alteração desse resistor poderemos também carregar pilhas médias e grandes.&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;Na&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;figura &lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;mostramos o diagrama completo do carregador.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabereletronica.com.br/files/image/figura_1_carregador_pilhas.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;lightbox&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;184&quot; src=&quot;http://www.sabereletronica.com.br/files/image/figura_1_carregador_pilhas.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/5483277085387967722/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/carregador-de-pilhas-de-nicad.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/5483277085387967722'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/5483277085387967722'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/carregador-de-pilhas-de-nicad.html' title='CARREGADOR DE PILHAS DE NICAD'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-6214691031976506418</id><published>2012-02-25T20:56:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:50:38.729-08:00</updated><title type='text'>PROTOBOARD</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h1 class=&quot;entry-title&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, &#39;Nimbus Sans L&#39;, sans-serif; font-size: 21px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;




&lt;/h1&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/PROTOBOARD_840_P.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;aligncenter size-full wp-image-26&quot; height=&quot;111&quot; src=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/PROTOBOARD_840_P.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-width: initial; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 640px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;&quot; title=&quot;PROTOBOARD_840_P&quot; width=&quot;304&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;entry-content&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;Protoboard é uma placa com centenas ou até milhares de furos e conexões condutoras para montagem de circuitos elétricos experimentais. A grande vantagem em se usar uma protoboard na montagem de circuitos eletrônicos é a facilidade de inserção de componentes (não necessita soldagem). As placas variam de tamanho, conforme a quantidade de furos, e as conexões são verticais e horizontais.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Usar uma protoboard portanto é uma maneira simples de começar a estudar e testar circuitos. Cada placa tem um esquema de furos interconectados linha por linha, sob a superfície. Isso torna possível conectar componentes e cabos simplesmente espetando-os, sem precisar solda-los. As linhas de condução são faixas de metal, conforme as figuras abaixo:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Figura01-Protoboard.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Figura02-Protoboard.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Figura01-Protoboard.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;aligncenter size-full wp-image-19&quot; height=&quot;314&quot; src=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Figura01-Protoboard.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 640px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;&quot; title=&quot;Figura01-Protoboard&quot; width=&quot;465&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Figura02-Protoboard1.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;aligncenter size-full wp-image-22&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; src=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Figura02-Protoboard1.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 640px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;&quot; title=&quot;Figura02-Protoboard&quot; width=&quot;262&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aprendaeletronica.com.br/blog2011/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Figura02-Protoboard.gif&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Em um modelo básico de protoboard, notam-se várias linhas horizontais, separadas por um divisor central. Além dessas linhas de condução internas, existem uma ou mais faixas curtas de cada lado da placa. Você pode identificá-las, conforme o modelo, pelos sinais de positivo e negativo (ou às vezes indicação em vermelho ou azul em cada uma). Estas linhas na real são longas faixas condutivas conectadas no sentido vertical, usadas normalmente para plugar cabos de alimentação de voltagem (VCC) e saída para o terra (GND).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;O esquema de uma protoboard, ou seja, quais furos conectam-se em linha com quais, varia de modelo para modelo. Para descobrir isso, pode-se usar multímetro e um par de cabos:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;- Ajustar o multímetro , ajustando-o para medir corrente continua.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;- Espetar os cabinhos em dois furos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;- Medir a corrente que passa entre eles com o multímetro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;- Se o mostrador indicar continuidade, é porque os furos em questão estã&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;o conectados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/6214691031976506418/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/protoboard.html#comment-form' title='1 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/6214691031976506418'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/6214691031976506418'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/protoboard.html' title='PROTOBOARD'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-824448224969019611</id><published>2012-02-25T20:55:00.005-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:51:11.606-08:00</updated><title type='text'>PISCA LED</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #4e4e4e; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;noticiatitulo&quot; style=&quot;color: #5a5a5a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;noticialinhafina&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Um circuito que é estudado obrigatoriamente em todos os cursos técnicos de eletrônica é o multivibrador astável. Dele, pode sair um projeto prático que se enquadrada em duas categorias: um injetor de sinais ou um pisca-pisca. Veja neste artigo o projeto de um pisca-pisca.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;noticiaautor&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticiatexto&quot; id=&quot;noticia_texto&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 2px; margin-right: 2px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;contentblock&quot; id=&quot;page1&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Um multivibrador astável é um circuito que não tem nenhum estado estável. A configuração básica é a mostrada na&lt;strong style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;figura 1&lt;/strong&gt;, em que dois transistores alimentam dois LEDs.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabereletronica.com.br/files/image/figura_1_pisca_led.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;lightbox&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;124&quot; src=&quot;http://www.sabereletronica.com.br/files/image/figura_1_pisca_led.jpg&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; width=&quot;361&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;Figura 1&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;Esse circuito tem os transistores se realimentando de tal modo que nenhum deles alcança um estado estável permanente de condução ou não condução. Assim, ao ser alimentado, o circuito muda constantemente de estado, com os transistores conduzindo alternadamente, o que faz com que os LEDs pisquem.&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;Conforme sabemos, a velocidade com que os transistores mudam de estado depende dos valores de R e de C no circuito da figura 1. Escolhendo apropriadamente os valores de R e de C, podemos elaborar um pisca-pisca alternado, em que dois LEDs piscam alternadamente.&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;As aplicações práticas para este simples circuito são muitas, como enfeites, alarme psicológico, animação para robôs, brinquedos e muito mais. O circuito analisado funciona com 4 pilhas comuns e tem um consumo muito baixo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/824448224969019611/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/pisca-led.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/824448224969019611'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/824448224969019611'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/pisca-led.html' title='PISCA LED'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-2851302963240421074</id><published>2012-02-25T20:52:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:51:35.143-08:00</updated><title type='text'>FONTE AJUSTAVEL COM 1,2V A 25V 1,5A</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;conteudo_materia_cabecalho&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticiatitulo&quot; style=&quot;color: #5a5a5a; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticialinhafina&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Veja neste artigo uma configuração tradicional om base no LM317, que deve ser montado em um bom radiador de calor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticiaautor&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Adriano Muniz Moura - Uberlândia - MG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;noticiatexto&quot; id=&quot;noticia_texto&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 2px; margin-right: 2px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;contentblock&quot; id=&quot;page1&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Essa é uma configuração tradicional com base no LM317, o qual deve ser montado em um bom radiador de calor. O transformador tem enrolamento secundário de 20 + 20 V com 1,5 A e os diodos podem ser 1N4004 ou equivalentes de maior corrente e/ou maior tensão. O capacitor de filtro de pelo menos 2 200 μF deve ter uma tensão de trabalho de 50 V ou mais. C&lt;sub style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&amp;nbsp;pode ser de 35 V ou mais.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;O ajuste da tensão de saída é feito no potenciômetro P&lt;sub style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;. Um fusível no cabo de entrada é importante para a proteção da fonte em caso de curto-circuito no transformador ou nos diodos, ou ainda no capacitor de filtro.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sabereletronica.com.br/files/image/figura_1_fonte_ajustavel_1_.png&quot; rel=&quot;lightbox&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;86&quot; src=&quot;http://www.sabereletronica.com.br/files/image/figura_1_fonte_ajustavel_1_.png&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; width=&quot;323&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;Figura 1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 12px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;western&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Helv, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;em style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;* Matéria originalmente publicada na revista Eletrônica Total; Ano: 18; N° 124; Julho - 2007&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/2851302963240421074/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/fonte-ajustavel-com-12v-25v-15a.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/2851302963240421074'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/2851302963240421074'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/fonte-ajustavel-com-12v-25v-15a.html' title='FONTE AJUSTAVEL COM 1,2V A 25V 1,5A'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-5497577165787455188</id><published>2012-02-25T06:58:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T19:52:08.924-08:00</updated><title type='text'>REFORÇO SINAIS RF</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #555555; font-family: Verdana, &#39;BitStream vera Sans&#39;, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;O circuito abaixo é usado para amplificar sinais de AM e FM, melhorando a recepção. O choque de RF (XRF) é feito por você mesmo, enrolando-se 100 voltas de fio 26 a 28 num bastão de ferrite de aproximadamente 3cm de comprimento por 0,5cm de diâmetro. As ligações dos componentes devem ser curtas para evitar instabilidades e oscilações.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://escopociencias.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/reforc3a7ador.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;aligncenter size-full wp-image-607&quot; src=&quot;http://escopociencias.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/reforc3a7ador.png?w=600&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 600px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;Reforçador&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/script&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/5497577165787455188/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/reforco-sinais-rf.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/5497577165787455188'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/5497577165787455188'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/reforco-sinais-rf.html' title='REFORÇO SINAIS RF'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-2045904349851026185</id><published>2012-02-25T06:56:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T20:14:17.048-08:00</updated><title type='text'>DETECTOR DE RELAMPAGOS</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #555555; font-family: Verdana, &#39;BitStream vera Sans&#39;, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Procuramdo na internet algum circuito interessante sobre detecção de relâmpagos, achei o circuito abaixo:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://escopociencias.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/raio-circuito.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;aligncenter size-full wp-image-380&quot; src=&quot;http://escopociencias.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/raio-circuito.png?w=600&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 600px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;raio circuito&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;É um receptor de VLF sintonizado a 300 kHz e concebidos para detectar a aproximação de um raio. A circuito é um receptor simples, que consiste de um amplificador sintonizado modificado. O transistor usado é o 2N4401, mas segundo minhas pesquisas podemos usar um 2N2222 (mais fácil de encontrar). O sinal é aplicado à base do 2N4403 que junto com o outro 2N2222 forma um amplificador. Só não gostei do indicador, no caso do circuito original, é uma microlâmpada, mas com algumas pequenas modificações podemos inserir um indicador sonoro. Ainda não montei o circuito em uma protoboard, mas fiz uma simulção e tudo indica que funciona. Um outro problema é a bobina da antena 10mH (atenção: mH e não uH). No lugar do capacitor 680pf, eu irei tentar um capacitor variável, desses usados em rádios antigos AM. Mais detalhes, visite a página de referência (em inglês).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.high-voltage-lab.com/223/lightning-detector&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://www.high-voltage-lab.com/223/lightning-detector&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/2045904349851026185/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/detector-de-relampagos.html#comment-form' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/2045904349851026185'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/2045904349851026185'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/detector-de-relampagos.html' title='DETECTOR DE RELAMPAGOS'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6359585953030623011.post-8766148588598871809</id><published>2012-02-25T06:52:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2012-02-27T20:13:47.455-08:00</updated><title type='text'>CIRCUITOS RF</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #555555; font-family: Verdana, &#39;BitStream vera Sans&#39;, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;em style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;A categoria “Circutos RF” é dedicada ao estudo das ondas eletromagnéticas. Conceitos e teorias sobre “ondas” mas também com vários circuitos e projetos. É um campo extremamente interessante e longo, portanto vamos começar..OK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 10px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Como sabemos, existem dois tipos de sinais; os de áudio frequênciaa&amp;nbsp; e o de rádio frequência. Como podemos separar esses sinais, quanto a sua frequência ?&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Normalmente os sinais de áudio frequência são aqueles que possuem frequências mais baixas, isto é, entre alguns hertz e algumas dezenas de KHz. Quando aplicados a transdutores como auto-falantes, podem dar origem a sons, ou ultra-sons. As rádio frequências são produzidas por osciladores que operam em frequências muito mais altas (centenas de KHz) que quando aplicados às antenas dão origem a ondas de rádio, ou ondas eletromagnéticas. Não vamos esquecer que sinais de áudio só se propagam em meio material (ar, água ou um sólido) enquanto que ondas eletromagnéticas podem se propagar tambem no vácuo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Alguns autores fazem uma separação bem difinida desses dois sinais em torno de 100 KHz. Se a frequência estiver acima de 15 000Hz ou 15 KHz (limite audível) teremos os ultra-sons, mas na verdade não há um limite para sua frequência.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Podemos tanto ter ultra-sons que tenham frequências próximas do audível (entre 20 e 30 KHz), como os emitidos pelos morcegos, mas também existem ultra-sons de frequência da ordem de 3 a 4 MHz, como aqueles transdutores que trabalham em ultra-sonografia médica.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Lembrando que&amp;nbsp; uma corrente alternada (qualquer frequência) quando aplicada a um condutor, cria em sua volta um campo eletromagnético que é irradiado pelo espaço com a velocidade da luz. Agora vejamos: Uma corrente&amp;nbsp; de frequência baixa como 60 Hz da rede de alimentação de nossas casas, se aplicada a uma antena produz um sinal que se propaga pelo espaço, então, é uma sinal de rádio frequência ? Sim, é uma&amp;nbsp; frequência da faixa de VLF (frequência muito baixa) e não um sinal de áudio…&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Então chegamos a seguinte conclusão: o que determina se um sinal de 15 KHz é uma áudio frequência, é sua finalidade, isto é, se for usada para produzir sons é uma áudio frquência e se usado para produzir ondas eletromagnéticas, então é uma rádio frequência. Obeserve a figura abaixo:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://escopociencias.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/sem-tc3adtulo.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;aligncenter size-full wp-image-283&quot; src=&quot;http://escopociencias.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/sem-tc3adtulo.png?w=600&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: block; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 600px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;Sem título&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/feeds/8766148588598871809/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/circuitos-rf.html#comment-form' title='1 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/8766148588598871809'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6359585953030623011/posts/default/8766148588598871809'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://hobbyeletro.blogspot.com/2012/02/circuitos-rf.html' title='CIRCUITOS RF'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/13221223874859756520</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry></feed>