<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><rss xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" version="2.0"><channel><title>I do Ubuntu</title><description>Welcome to the world without walls</description><managingEditor>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</managingEditor><pubDate>Fri, 1 Nov 2024 03:35:34 -0700</pubDate><generator>Blogger http://www.blogger.com</generator><openSearch:totalResults xmlns:openSearch="http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/">17</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex xmlns:openSearch="http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/">1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage xmlns:openSearch="http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/">25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/</link><language>en-us</language><itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit><itunes:subtitle>Welcome to the world without walls</itunes:subtitle><itunes:owner><itunes:email>noreply@blogger.com</itunes:email></itunes:owner><item><title>Hello</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2011/09/hello.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Sun, 4 Sep 2011 08:58:00 -0700</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-7986693901987066628</guid><description>Sorry for long time no response, actually I have moved to wordpress a few years ago. Wished that i could continue both, but it seems impossible, So if you are interested to see my further works you can visit my personal blog&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I am using Banglalion USB dongle which does not work in Ubuntu or any linux, so currently i am far away from linux. If you have any solution for using Banglalion in linux please let me know&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My new blog&lt;br /&gt;
http://shababhsiddique.wordpress.com/&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Though it is in Bengali,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>New GP modem Huawei e1550 in Ubuntu Lucid Lynx</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2010/07/new-gp-modem-huawei-e1550-in-ubuntu.html</link><category>Connecting to the Internet</category><category>GP internet</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Tue, 27 Jul 2010 19:35:00 -0700</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-2676262918680994822</guid><description>&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;I was having a lot of problem using the new modem sold by GP itself to work with ubuntu. The Huawei e1550. The modem also has a card reader!. but i liked the previous one as it seemed to me to work faster. . .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.grameenphone.com/assets/images/content/internet/internet_modem.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="95" src="http://www.grameenphone.com/assets/images/content/internet/internet_modem.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;by the way i came up to a solution &lt;a href="http://franklinchua.wordpress.com/2010/05/03/huawei-e1550-on-ubuntu-10-04-lucid-lynx/"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;. It worked nicely to set up the modem to be detected automatically by lucid..(i was not even able to detect my device previously)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;I re describe the steps here-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;run in terminal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;$sudo lsusb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;you should see a list of usb stuff&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub&lt;br /&gt;
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub&lt;br /&gt;
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 12d1:140c Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;now we can see our ID of modem - 12d1:140c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Create a new rule for udev:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;$sudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/15-huawei-155x.rules &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Type the following on the file just opened:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;code&gt;SUBSYSTEM=="usb",&lt;br /&gt;
ATTRS{idProduct}=="140c",&lt;br /&gt;
ATTRS{idVendor}=="12d1",&lt;br /&gt;
RUN+="/lib/udev/modem-modeswitch --vendor 0x$attr{idVendor} --product 0x$attr{idProduct} --type option-zerocd"&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Then, save and exit. The next time you plug in your USB modem, your  system should automatically switch it to USB Modem mode and you’re good  to go.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;The new mobile broadband connection wizard should appear after you re plug-in the modem. follow the steps to connect.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;if the connection is slow try restarting the mode&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;$sudo apt-get install usb-modeswitch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;$sudo usb_modeswitch -v 0x12d1 -p 140c -R -W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeDquep9Zxd_IaBKDlUsLGDNYY5AxBlnB9sVq5RyhTXfGplFYLFzB9LIXF1twFgaEkBYPkdGoyRQr9ejSjDqhsLRHDq9J8iBw8xa01TJqBNiXCrTFowU4wFpziCNnfiKu-u-hSAt7HOYRe/s1600/Sobi003.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeDquep9Zxd_IaBKDlUsLGDNYY5AxBlnB9sVq5RyhTXfGplFYLFzB9LIXF1twFgaEkBYPkdGoyRQr9ejSjDqhsLRHDq9J8iBw8xa01TJqBNiXCrTFowU4wFpziCNnfiKu-u-hSAt7HOYRe/s200/Sobi003.jpg" width="200" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;if further problem persists go to the &lt;a href="http://franklinchua.wordpress.com/2010/05/03/huawei-e1550-on-ubuntu-10-04-lucid-lynx/"&gt;previous link&lt;/a&gt;. You may also look &lt;a href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/574119"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" height="72" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeDquep9Zxd_IaBKDlUsLGDNYY5AxBlnB9sVq5RyhTXfGplFYLFzB9LIXF1twFgaEkBYPkdGoyRQr9ejSjDqhsLRHDq9J8iBw8xa01TJqBNiXCrTFowU4wFpziCNnfiKu-u-hSAt7HOYRe/s72-c/Sobi003.jpg" width="72"/><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">8</thr:total></item><item><title>Advanced Linux Sound Architecture</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2010/05/advanced-linux-sound-architecture-known.html</link><category>ALSA</category><category>HP CQ510</category><category>jaunty</category><category>sound</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Fri, 7 May 2010 23:59:00 -0700</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-6746295890140828151</guid><description>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;ALSA is a Linux kernel component intended to replace the original Open Sound System (OSS) for providing device drivers for sound cards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ALSA has the following significant features:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Efficient support for all types of audio interfaces, from consumer sound cards to professional multichannel audio interfaces.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Fully modularized sound drivers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;* SMP and thread-safe design.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;* User space library (alsa-lib) to simplify application programming and provide higher level functionality.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;* Support for the older Open Sound System (OSS) API, providing binary compatibility for most OSS programs.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;If you are experiencing sound issues on Ubuntu Jaunty 9.04 or just want the latest version, you may want to upgrade to ALSA 1.0.20&lt;/span&gt;. I had a sound problem in my HP compaq laptop CQ510 when using Jaunty.. this solved the problem so just re wrote the article here...&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;Here&amp;nbsp; is how I updated......&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
To do this, we must begin by determining our version of alsa as follows :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span id="more-219"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;cat /proc/asound/version&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.18rc3.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To avoid problems during the upgrade of Alsa-utils, we need to stop it with the following command :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo /etc/init.d/alsa-utils stop  &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div dir="ltr" id="result_box" style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
We must then install the necessary tools to compile along with the kernel headers :&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo apt-get -y install build-essential ncurses-dev gettext xmlto libasound2-dev&lt;br /&gt;
sudo apt-get -y install linux-headers-`uname -r` libncursesw5-dev&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some of these may be already installed and some may not be necessary for your distro, either the case just skip those. Then, we go in our personal folder and download alsa-driver, alsa-lib and alsa-utils :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd ~&lt;br /&gt;
rm -rf ~/alsa* ~/.pulse*&lt;br /&gt;
wget ftp://ftp.alsa-project.org/pub/driver/alsa-driver-1.0.20.tar.bz2&lt;br /&gt;
wget ftp://ftp.alsa-project.org/pub/lib/alsa-lib-1.0.20.tar.bz2&lt;br /&gt;
wget ftp://ftp.alsa-project.org/pub/utils/alsa-utils-1.0.20.tar.bz2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After that, we create a new folder for the compilation and installation of the 3 files. Then, we move the 3 tar files that we just downloaded in this folder :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo rm -rf /usr/src/alsa&lt;br /&gt;
sudo mkdir -p /usr/src/alsa&lt;br /&gt;
cd /usr/src/alsa&lt;br /&gt;
sudo cp ~/alsa* .&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unpack the 3 tar files :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo tar xjf alsa-driver*&lt;br /&gt;
sudo tar xjf alsa-lib*&lt;br /&gt;
sudo tar xjf alsa-utils*&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We compile and install alsa-driver :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd alsa-driver*&lt;br /&gt;
sudo ./configure&lt;br /&gt;
sudo make&lt;br /&gt;
sudo make install&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We compile and install alsa-lib :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd ../alsa-lib*&lt;br /&gt;
sudo ./configure&lt;br /&gt;
sudo make&lt;br /&gt;
sudo make install&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We compile and install alsa-utils :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;cd ../alsa-utils*&lt;br /&gt;
sudo ./configure&lt;br /&gt;
sudo make&lt;br /&gt;
sudo make install&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Then, we remove the 3 tar files in our personal folder that are not anymore necessary :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;rm -f ~/alsa-driver*&lt;br /&gt;
rm -f ~/alsa-lib*&lt;br /&gt;
rm -f ~/alsa-utils*&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Then, just restart your computer and your alsa version should be 1.0.20!&lt;br /&gt;
You can verify that you have now indeed have this version of alsa :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;cat /proc/asound/version&lt;br /&gt;
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.20.&lt;br /&gt;
Compiled on May  9 2009 for kernel 2.6.28-11-generic (SMP).&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Just to be sure everything is well configured, execute this command :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;sudo alsaconf&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;the codes were taken from&lt;/code&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;code&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href="http://monespaceperso.org/blog-en/2009/05/09/upgrade-alsa-1020-on-ubuntu-jaunty-904/"&gt;monospace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt; &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class="fullpost"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">1</thr:total></item><item><title>লিনাক্সে প্রোগ্রামিং পর্ব-১</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2010/01/blog-post.html</link><category>Code</category><category>Compiler</category><category>GCC</category><category>Programming</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Wed, 27 Jan 2010 09:59:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-6473404993663943597</guid><description>&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;অনেকগুলা কম্পাইলারের সমন্বয়ে তৈরী একটি কম্পাইলার যার মাধ্যমে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;C, C++, Fortran, Java, Ada &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;এর বেশ কয়েকটি প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষার সোর্সকোড কম্পাইল করা যায়। &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;GNU Toolchain &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;এর অন্যতম প্রধান অংশ হল &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;GCC . GNU &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;সিস্টেমের অফিসিয়াল এই কম্পাইলারটির নাম ছিল &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;GNU C Compiler &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;কারন এটি ১৯৮৭ সালে যখন এটি তৈরী করা হয় তখন এটি কেবল &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;C &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষার জন্যই ব্যাবহার করা হত। পরবর্তীতে এটিকে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;C++, Objective C, Objective C++, Fortran, Pascal, Java, Ada &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;ইত্যাদি প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষার উপযোগি করে তৈরী করা হয়। তাছাড়া &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Modula-2, Modula-3, Pascal, PL/I, D, Mercury, VHDL &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;ইত্যাদির জন্যও এটি ব্যাবহার করা যাবে। &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;GCC &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;কোড গুলা ডিবাগ করার জন্য&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;GNU Debugger &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;ব্যাবহার করা হয়। &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;কিছু হেডার ফাইল সহ আরও কিছু দরকারী ফাইল ইনস্টল করতে হবে এই কাজ গুলা ঠিক ভাবে করার জন্য। ফাইল গুলা ইনস্টল করার জন্য &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Terminal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;ওপেন করে লিখতে&lt;span id="more-604"&gt;&lt;/span&gt; হবে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;sudo apt-get install build-essential &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;এছাড়া &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Synaptic Package Manager &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;থেকেও &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;build-essential &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;প্যাকেজটি সিলেক্ট করে ইনস্টল করা যাবে।&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;ইনস্টল করার পর &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Terminal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;থেকে নিচের উপায়ে সব &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;C/C++ &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;সোর্স ফাইল কম্পাইল ও রান করা যাবে। &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;মনেকরি একটি সোর্স ফাইলের নাম হল &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;new.c &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;gcc new.c &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;লেখলে ঐ ফাইলটার &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;a.out &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;একটা এক্সিকিউটেবল ফাইল তৈরী হবে। ফাইলটি রান করতে লিখতে হবে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; ./a.out &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;নির্দিষ্ট নামে এক্সিকিউটেবল ফাইল তৈরী করতে লিখতে হবে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;gcc new.c -o new &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;তখন রান করতে লিখতে হবে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; ./new &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;সোর্স ফাইলটি সি&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;++ &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;ভাষায় লিখা হল এবং নাম যদি &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;new.cpp &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;হয় তবে কমান্ড গুলা হবে&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;কম্পাইল করতে&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt; &lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;g++ new.cpp&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;রান করতে&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;:  &lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;./a.out &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;নির্দিষ্ট নামে এক্সিকিউটেবল ফাইল তৈরী করতে লিখতে হবে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;g++ new.cpp -o new &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;তখন রান করতে লিখতে হবে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;./new &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;ম্যানুয়াল সম্পর্কে জানতে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;Terminal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;এ লিখুন &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: FreeMono,monospace;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;man gcc &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;খেয়াল রাখতে হবে লিনাক্স এর কম্পাইলার GCC এর সিনটেক্স স্টান্ডার্ড Microsoft VC++ এর চেয়ে ভিন্ন, যে কারনে প্রোগ্রাম কম্পাইলে এরর দেখাতে পারে। সাধারন একটি এরর যা সবাই করে তা হল namespace declaration. GCC তে কম্পাইল করতে এটি দরকার, যেখানে TC বা Visual studio তে না দিলেও চলে -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;using namespace std;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;main() কে int main() ডিক্লেয়ার না করার জন্যও এরর ধরতে পারে।&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;টারমিনাল থেকে কম্পাইল করা ছাড়াও লিনাক্সের বেশ কিছু জনপ্রিয় আইডিই রয়েছে যেগুলি ব্যবহার করে উইন্ডোজে সোর্স কোড কম্পাইল করার মত গ্রাফিকাল উইন্ডো ব্যবহার করে কাজ করা যায়।&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: SolaimanLipi;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: medium;"&gt;এইরকম একটি IDE হল কোডব্লক, এ নিয়ে আগামিতে লিখার আশা রইল। &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>ChromiumOS End or the Beginning?</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2010/01/chromiumos-end-or-beginning.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Sun, 17 Jan 2010 08:48:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-665098582724452262</guid><description>&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;ChromiumOS, the End or the Beginning&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;অপারেটিং সিস্টেম মার্কেটে প্রায় ঝড় তুলেই ঘোষনা দেয় Google তাদের অপারেটিং সিস্টেম ডেভেলপমেন্ট এর পরিকল্পনা । বিশ্বজুরে বেশ আলোচনা সমালোচনা সেই থেকে। কারও কথায় ভাল মন্দ বিচারে যাবার আগে Google এর&amp;nbsp; অপারেটিং সিস্টেম টি সম্বন্ধে কিছু জানা থাকা ভাল । সেই জন্যই আজকের এই লিখা। আশাকরি এ থেকে কিছুটা হলেও ChromiumOS সম্বন্ধে জানতে পারবেন।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ChromiumOS সম্পর্কে কিছু বলার আগে অপারেটিং সিস্টেম সম্বন্ধে কিছু বলি। অপারেটিং সিস্টেম একটি কম্পিউটার এর বেসিক ফাংসন গুলো ধারন করে যা অন্যান্য অ্যাপ্লিকেশন এ ব্যবহার হয়। এছারাও এতে যাবতিয় কম্পিউটার হার্ডওয্যার লিংকেজ থাকে। &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;প্রথম দিককার কম্পিউটার গুলোতে কোন অপারেটিং সিস্টেম ছিল না। ফলে সব রকম প্রেগ্রামে হার্ডওয়্যার আলাদা ভাবে কনফিগার করতে হতো। hardware এবং software complexity বারার সাথে সাথে এর ব্যবহার কঠিন হতে থাকে।  এই সমস্যা কমাতে manchester mark এর সমসাময়িক কম্পিউটার গুলেত hardware linkage এর program গুলো আলাদা কোন punchcard এ দেয়া থাকত। এ কারনে Alan Turing সেসময় অপারেটিং সিস্টেম ধারনার প্রবর্তক বলে মনে করা হয়।  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;সময় এর সাথে সাথে অপারেটিং সিস্টেম এর জটিলতা বারতে থাকে। প্রোগ্রাম রানিং টাইম কমানোর প্রয়োজন দেখা যায়। এবং আবির্ভাব হয় standalone অপারেটিং সিস্টেমের। এসব অপারেটিং সিস্টেম কোন সময় application ছারাই চলতে পারে। এর বর সুবিধা হল program সম্পর্কিত hardware linkage এর অধিকাংস অপারেটিং সিস্টেম এ সবসময় চালু থাকে(display, keyboard, mouse . . .) । ফলে program চালাতে নতুন করে input output system কে harware level থেকে initialize করার দরকার হয়না।  যোগাযোগটা করে অপারেটিং সিস্টেম।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;মেমরি বণ্টন ও নিয়ন্ত্রণ, সিস্টেম অনুরোধগুলির অগ্রাধিকার নির্ণয়, ইনপুট ও আউটপুট ডিভাইস নিয়ন্ত্রণ, কম্পিউটার নেটওয়ার্কিং ও ফাইল সিস্টেম ব্যবস্থাপনা ইত্যাদি অপারেটিং সিস্টেমের কাজ।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;অপারেটিং সিস্টেম প্রচোলন কম্পিউটার ব্যবহারে নতুন মাত্রা আনে। বিষেশত মাইক্রেসফট DOS এর সমসাময়িক অপারেটিং সিস্টেম গুলো কম্পিউটার সাধারন মানুষের ব্যবহার উপযোগী করে তুলে। এখনকার Windows, MacOS, Linux এর কাজ অনেক ব্যপক।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: #444444; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.int-resource.com/images/os2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="195" src="http://www.int-resource.com/images/os2.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;অপারেটিং সিস্টেম এর এই ধারনা নতুন মনে হলেও আসলে সুদুর ভবিষ্যতে এর চেহারা হবে অন্যরকম।&amp;nbsp; google Chrome OS বা ChromiumOS এই চেহারার ১টি উদাহরন। আপনি যদি Google Chrome OS সম্পর্কে বিন্দু মাত্র জেনে না থাকেন তবে বলছি এটি একটি opensource অপারেটিং সিস্টেম যাতে সুধুমাত্র একটি হাই-স্পিড ব্রাউজার আছে। সব অ্যাপ্লিকেশন থাকে web এ ! সত্যই google এর ধারনা একটু ভিন্ন !!!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;প্রশ্ন আসতে পারে এই অপারেটিং সিস্টেম ধারনার পরিবর্তনের কি আসলেই দরকার ছিল? তাহলে একটা প্রশ্ন হয়ে যাক।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;আপনি PC ব্যবহার কালিন কত সময় internet এ থাকেন?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;উত্তর হয়তো 70-80 % । উন্নত বিস্বে যা কিনা 90%। google এই ব্যপক user দের টার্গেট করেই chromiumOS তৈরীর কাজ করে। &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;আপনি কেন web based অপারেটিং সিস্টেম chromiumOS চালাবেন?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;এটা ফ্রি। &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;এর বৈশিস্ট্য-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; স্পিড&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; সিম্প্লিসিটি (google এর হোম পেজ দেখলে বুঝতে কষ্ট হবে না ! )&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; সিকিউরিটি&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; সব কিছু নেটে। (cloud computing ধারনার অগ্রদুত) ফলে যে কোন সিস্টেমে বসে আপনি আপনার কম্পিউটার চালাতে পারবেন।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;একে একটি web browser বললাম বলে একে একরকম ছোট মনে করবেন না। এর কাজ ও ক্ষমতা একে সাধারন web browser এর চেয়ে আলাদা করেছে।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;এতে আপনি যা যা করতে পারবেন :-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; মেইল চেক&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; গেম খেলা (online) ।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Office ব্যবহার।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; গান শোনা, ভিডিও দেখা।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; পেন/সিডি ড্রাইভ ব্যবহার, প্রজেক্টর/মোবাইল ব্যবহার।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; চ্যাটিং।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;আরও অনেক কিছু।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: #444444; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.wareprise.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/Chromium-OS-Login.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="255" src="http://www.wareprise.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/Chromium-OS-Login.png" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;অপারেটিং সিস্টেম টি চালু করতে এরকম একটা লগইন পেইজ আসবে। gmail account দিয়ে লগিন করতে google হোম পেজ (www.google.com) চালু হবে। এবং আপনি ব্রাউজার এই থাকবেন।&amp;nbsp; উপরে বায়ে খেয়াল করলে একটি স্টার্ট মেন্যুর মত বাটন পাবেন যাতে এই পর্যন্ত পাওয়া প্রচলিত নেট application এবং website গুলো থাকবে।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: #444444; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.wareprise.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/Chrome-OS-Start-up-Menu.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="266" src="http://www.wareprise.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/Chrome-OS-Start-up-Menu.png" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;স্পিড এই&amp;nbsp; অপারেটিং সিস্টেম এর মূল আকর্ষন, google এর কথা অনুযাই এটি বুট হবে ৫-৭ সেকেন্ড এর মধ্যে ! google এর প্রোডাক্ট ম্যানেজমেন্ট এর ভাইস প্রেসিডেন্ট Sandar Pichai এর ভাষায় - "আমারা google chorme OS কে চেয়েছি ঝরের মত দ্রুত . . . যেন বুট হয় একটি টিভির মত ইন্সট্যান্ট"।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: #444444; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://lookpic.com/i/476/hSLOHWPV.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="231" src="http://lookpic.com/i/476/hSLOHWPV.jpeg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;পিসি ইউজার দের জন্য বারতি সুবিধা না দিলেও, এটি নেটবুক গুলোকে করবে সাস্রয়ী । google সরাসরি এই অপারেটিং সিস্টেম নেটে ছারতে না চাইলেও ভবিশ্যতে হয়তো পাওয়া যাবে। আপাতত আপনাকে এর পুর্ন সুবিধার জন্য ধৈর্য ধরতে হবে ২০১০ এর শেষার্ধ পর্যন্ত। এর মধ্যেই প্রথম chromium OS নেটবুক বাজারে আসবে। এই google ডিভাইস গুলো সাধারন নেটবুকের মত হলেও এতে কোন hard-disk থাকবে না। ডাটা স্টোরেজ এর জন্য ব্যবহার হবে ফ্ল্যাশ মেমরি এবং ক্লাউড বা অনলাইন স্টোরেজ।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: #444444; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;ইউজারকে কোন সফ্টওয়্যার ব্যবহার করতে ইন্সটল করতে হবে না। সুধুমাত্র ঔ সফ্টওয়্যার এর লিংক এ সাইন করার দরকার হবে। এর ফলে আপনি আপনার কম্পিউটার এর চেয়ে কাজে মনোযোগ বেশী দিতে পারবেন। Google যদি নিয়মিত তাদের web application গুলো ম্যালওয়্যার থেকে মুক্ত রাখে তাইলে আপনার কোন ডাটা ব্যাকআপ বা অ্যান্টিভাইরাস নিয়ে চিন্তা না করলেও চলবে।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #444444;"&gt;এটা বোঝাই যায় হাজার হাজার পিসি আলাদা ভাবে রিসের্স ব্যবহার এর চেয়ে একই রিসোর্স শেয়ার করলে ডেটা স্টোরেজ জনিত অপচয় কম হবে। সেই সাথে ইউজার লেভেলে মেইনটেনেন্স হবে সহজ। অদুর ভবিষ্যতে platform হিসেবে OS এর চেয়ে WEB যে অধিক গ্রহনযোগ্য হবে তাতে সন্দেহ নেই, এটাই যদি হয় সত্য তবে নি:সন্দেহে google এক ধাপ এগিয়ে গেল।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>উবুন্টু টারমিনাল এর সর্টকাট key</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2010/01/key.html</link><category>Inside the Terminal</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Sun, 17 Jan 2010 08:27:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-7741085231647500213</guid><description>&amp;nbsp;There are a lot of shortcut key available when you are in the terminal, here are some mostly used-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table height="411" style="width: 616px;"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;যে কমান্ডটি টাইপ করা হচ্ছে কার্সর সেটির শুরুতে চলে যাবে&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;যে কমান্ডটি টাইপ করা হচ্ছে কার্সর সেটির শেষে চলে যাবে&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + L               &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;স্ক্রীন ক্লিয়ার হয়ে যাবে, clear কমান্ডটির কাজ করবে&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;কার্সরের আগের অংশটুকু মুছে দিবে, কার্সর যদি শেষপ্রান্তে থাকে তবে সম্পূর্ণ লাইনটি মুছে যাবে&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;backspace এর মত কাজ করবে &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + R &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;Let's you search through previously used commands&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;যে কমান্ডটি চলছিল সেটি বন্ধ হয়ে যাবে&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;টারমিনাল বন্ধ হয়ে যাবে ; exit কামন্ডের মত কাজ করবে &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;কার্সরের আগের শব্দটি মুছে দিবে &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Ctrl + K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;কার্সরের পরের অংশটুকু মুছে যাবে&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Esc + T&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;শেষ দুটি শব্দ সোয়াপ করবে&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Tab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;সম্ভাব্য অ্যাড্রেস পুর্ন করবে (cd /h&amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;ট্যাব চাপুন&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; -&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; cd /home/)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td valign="top"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>Working with permission</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2010/01/working-with-permission.html</link><category>Inside the Terminal</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Fri, 1 Jan 2010 19:57:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-7524394966536342873</guid><description>&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;The most important thing about using the terminal is file permission. Often people face trouble when creating a file as sudo and unable to modify as normal user. In ubuntu every file is owned by a particular person or persons. Only he can change the permission for others. He can also set permission for himself.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Execute:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;One of the important permission is the execute permission. This sets a particular elemt as a program whether all files without the execute permission is just another data file. For a folder a execute permission in real terms - allows access to the folder elements. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Read:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;The read permission sets who can view the file or folder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Write:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;The write permission sets who can control change and even create files or foders. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;It isn’t entirely true to say that users won’t be able to view the listing of a folder unless the execute permission is set. If the read permission for a folder is set, but not the execute permission, users will be able to view a short file listing using the ls command but the long listing command option (i.e. ls&amp;nbsp; ‐l&amp;nbsp; myfolder) won’t work. Why this happens is to do&lt;br /&gt;
with the way Linux works on a technical level&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;To set up a permission one of the following is usually introduce:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Read only: Set the read and execute permission&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Write : Set the read write and execute permission&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Deny Access: Unset all read write and execute permission.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;How permissions look like:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Within a command-line file listing, permissions are indicated by r, for&lt;br /&gt;
read, w, for write, and x, for execute. For all files and folders, the&lt;br /&gt;
permissions are listed in a line: owner first, followed by group, and then&lt;br /&gt;
others&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&amp;nbsp; ls –l ~ &lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Here’s what I see on my test system:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
total 28 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;drwxr‐xr‐x 2 &lt;/i&gt;shabab shabab&lt;i&gt; 4096 2008‐10‐24 10:07 Desktop &lt;br /&gt;
drwxr‐xr‐x 2 &lt;/i&gt;shabab shabab&lt;i&gt; 4096 2008‐10‐24 10:07 Documents &lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Let’s take a closer look at the first in the list—the Desktop folder. The&lt;br /&gt;
permissions, ownership and group assignment are listed at the&lt;br /&gt;
beginning of the line and read as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
drwxr‐xr‐x 2 shabab shabab &lt;br /&gt;
The d at the beginning simply indicates this is a directory—another&lt;br /&gt;
word for a folder. If a hyphen appears there instead then we’re dealing&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Following this are the three sets of permissions, listed one after the&lt;br /&gt;
other: rwxr-xr-x which really indicates that -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Here are the permissions separated out into sets of three relating to&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;Owner: rwx &lt;br /&gt;
Group: r‐x&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
Others: r‐x &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Changing ownership:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The chown command is used to change the ownership. The following command shall change the owner of report.doc to arif&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;sudo chown arif report.doc&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Changing the Permissions:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;The chmod command is used to alter permissions. The easiest way to alter the permission is by specifying which file, for whom and what fields of permission. The following example shall explain:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; chmod g+w report.doc &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, this adds (+) write permissions (w) for report.doc’s&lt;br /&gt;
group (g).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If we were feeling generous and wanted to let other users to write to it&lt;br /&gt;
too, we could type the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;chmod o+w report.doc&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;This adds (+) write (w) permissions for others (o). On the other hand, if we wanted strict secrecy so that only the file’s owner could read or write to the file, and nobody else, we could type the following:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;chmod go‐rw report.doc &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;This removes (‐) read and write permissions (rw) from report.doc for the group and others (go).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>How To: Convert Windows Users to Ubuntu</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/12/how-to-convert-windows-users-to-ubuntu.html</link><category>How to impress Windows User about Ubuntu</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Tue, 29 Dec 2009 21:48:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-1036633516630608905</guid><description>&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;There is a lot of drama when a newbie ubuntu user tries to convert some windows user. Here are some tips for them - &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;First of all dont push anyone that Ubuntu is the cure for all modern computer woes. The ENTIRE time, first you might say "Ubuntu MIGHT work for you" and "I THINK Ubuntu can meet your needs." Nothing is worse than faulty promises.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;If you are reading this document, you are probably an excited Ubuntu user that is ready to convert the world to your new favorite OS. What you must realize is that you must act wisely. A bad conversion can sour someone to Linux for the rest of their life, and harm the overall image of Ubuntu and its community. The first step is to honestly evaluate whose life you can actually improve with Ubuntu. Here are&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;some examples of people who are most likely to be converted (given by the "&lt;b style="color: #b45f06;"&gt;poofyhairyguy&lt;/b&gt;" in ubuntu forums)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Category A&lt;/b&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Someone who is very new to computers. Despite of the fact that people say that linux is harder to use, in fact the "Ubuntu" operating system is much more easier to start learning to operate a computer! It is true,In many ways the most basic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;computer users have the most to benefit from it. A person that does little more on their computer than make office documents, burn a few CDs, play small and simple card and puzzle games, browse the internet, download programs, plays video, chat with someone on AIM can use Ubuntu will little problems after it is set up properly for them. As a plus point these users won't have to worry about Viruses or Spyware (which they often have trouble controlling) and they don't&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;have to invest lots of money on software for something that is little more than a tool to them. You can guess it from the point of view that a new computer user who used ubuntu as his/her first OS shall say -"installing a program in Windows differ from program to program" well its true!!.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Category B:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Someone with lots of computer experience In this category I am mostly talking about myself and maybe yourself- "nerds". Anyone that likes to customize their desktop, play on the command line or play with source code needs to be introduced to Ubuntu. These people are the easiest to convert. It is also very very&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;important to reach them because then they can also help spread the word of ubuntu. Above groups are most likely to be converted( but not always! ). Still you should first try to figure out what category does he fall??&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;If some one is none of it then he is&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Category C&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;The converters disaster!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;If you figure out that the one you are trying is not very much little in Windows use and can protect himself from viruses. "Know how to work" but "do not know how things work". They know how to install drivers but only from a driver CD! or even have the experience of cracking software by only clicking next, next, next - finish and it is done! A suggestion is that-" Just give these sorts of people a Live CD and&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;let them decide for themselves".PLEASE don't push it on them or you might do great harm to the image of the community.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other groups to watch out for:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;1. People that like to use webcams- Ubuntu isn't the best with&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;webcams. Just give them a Live CD.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;2. People that mostly use their computer for one program that you know doesn't have a good equivalent in Ubuntu. Just give them a Live CD unless you KNOW) that WINE can make them happy and YOU are willing to set that up for them.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;3. People that use wireless networking. Please wait until a better, easier way to use ndiswrapper rolls around for these people.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;4. People that love Microsoft and Bill Gates. Stay away from them its a virus!!.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Biggest Advantages of Ubuntu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;When you are trying to convert someone to Ubuntu, you need to tell&lt;br /&gt;
them the advantages.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;1. No viruses or Malware/Spyware&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;2. Is free (in cost). Upgrades will always be free.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;3. Allows you access to thousands of free programs. When mentioning this, remind the user that by default Windows lacks many thing (a decent CD burner, anti-virus software, an image manipulation program,and of course the office software) that often people pay hundreds of dollars for. Tell them that in Ubuntu, all of this stuff is free and included in the CD!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;4. You have to be there to help them convert (and "YOU" are willing to help dont just leave it to the "ONE" who converted you unless you are not there yet and the ONE is also willing to help him).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;5. Ubuntu has an awesome community that is ready to help let the converted know about it. It would the biggest help for both of you.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;When you try to convert people from Windows, the large differences between Windows and Ubuntu will often give birth to harmful misconceptions that can ruin a person's Linux experience.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #b45f06;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #b45f06;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;One thing to remember when dealing with ignorance towards Linux and&lt;br /&gt;
Ubuntu -&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #b45f06;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Keep calm.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Explain your point without passion if you can. Rely on the strength of your arguments, rather than your personal persuasiveness. This helps representing "Linux People" as moderate sensible people who are just trying to help the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; * Do not ever try to advertise too much. It might make a big difference.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Finally the most common misconceptions about Ubuntu:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Misconception 1: "Ubuntu is free right? Anything free can't be that good"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;This a common mistake- the idea that the price of something determines its worth. Explain that "air is free, and love is free and all of those are good aren't they?"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Misconpetion 2: "Windows is the most popular OS correct? That must&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;mean its better"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;The essential fallacy here is that popularity means that something is better. For this one I think examples work best. Ask the person "does that mean that McDonalds has the best food in the world just because it's the most popular restaurant in the world?" (most sane people will say no). Then proceed to explain to them that Linux on the desktop is a relatively new thing, and Windows dominance has more to do with its age and its past that what state it currently is it. In fact, stroke their ego a little and say "I'm giving you the chance to get in on this Linux thing before it gets big. You get to enjoy a better computer experience before the rest of the world –who doesn't know people like me- can catch up. Doesn't that sound cool?"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Misconception 3: "Linux is hard to use"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;This one is the worst, buts its also the easiest to solve. Explain to them that Linux CAN be hard to use, but it doesn't have to be. Explain that Motorola uses Linux, and it would be foolish for them to sell a cell phone that is hard to use. Also tell them "Google uses Linux, and their site is easy to use- isn't it?" Admit to them that&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;there are some things that are kinda difficult about using Ubuntu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Misconception 4: "Isn't Ubuntu open source software? Doesn't that mean that anyone can add code to it or see its code? How do I know I'm safe if that's the case?"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;This is a good one. First of all explain to them that yes, Ubuntu is open source software, but that does not make it less safe. Windows is closed source software and it has tons of security problems. Ask them "when you think someone is more likely to commit a crime, when no one is watching or when lots of people are watching?" When they give you the logical answer then tell them it's the same with software.  In fact, since they get their software from a single, trusted source (the repository….but you don't have to use those terms or explain what that&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;is) then it is almost IMPOSSIBLE for Spyware to get onto their computer.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Misconception 5: "If Ubuntu becomes as popular as Windows, won't ithave security problems as well?"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;This one rages on INSIDE the nerd community. On this point, I would say what I said in the point above plus this: Ubuntu by default is designed to be more secure than Windows. They way it uses true multi user settings (the sudo thing) so that NOTHING can be installed without their consent.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;How to Actually Do the Conversion&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;""&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Once you have someone sold on Ubuntu, its time to do theconversion. But be careful during this part. Be sure to say that "I'mnot positive that currently all of your hardware will work withUbuntu. I hope it does- and if it doesn't and you still want Ubuntu I can help you pick out hardware that WILL work- but there is a way I can test before I do anything major to you computer. "&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Then proceed to boot the Live CD. Make sure Video, Sound, and mousesand whatever work. THIS IS AN IMPORTANT STEP! If something doesn'twork tell them "Ubuntu is a very new OS, so currently it does not workwith all hardware. Neither does Windows honestly (Apple hardwareanyone?). So lets keep you with Windows for now, I'll show you somecool OSS software that is also in Ubuntu (OpenOffice, Firefox) and later we can try to switch you again!" &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: black;"&gt;Then if all of their hardware work…YOU install it. YOU go through theinstallation. If you know they would get freaked out by the scrolling lines part, don't let them watch. YOU install Java. YOU install Media Codecs. You install Totem-xine. YOU install mplayer and the Mozilla pluggin that gets it to play movies inside the browser like people are used to. YOU go down the Ubuntu guide and mount their NTFS drive andget them all the software they need at first. If YOU know they would hate how it boots, install splashy. If they have some hardware that needs some command line work (ndiswrapper), YOU do it.""&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #b45f06;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="color: #b45f06;"&gt;If YOU are not willing to do this, then please….DON'T TRY TO CONVERT PEOPLE! You will only hurt the image of the community! This is the true test of your commitment. I know it takes some time. But think to yourself- how much do I really care that they use Ubuntu? If its enough, then do the footwork. DON'T LEAVE IT UP TO THEM IF THERE IS EVEN A SMALL CHANCE IT MIGHT SEEM INFERIOR TO THEM!!!!!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>উবুন্টুর জন্য অভ্র  !   Avro for Ubuntu</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/blog-post.html</link><category>Bengali Keyboard</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Thu, 26 Nov 2009 21:45:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-2334395801081586595</guid><description>আপনি কি Windows এ অভ্র ব্যবহারে অভ্যস্ত ? তাহলে চিন্তা নেই। এখন অভ্র ব্যবহার করুন উবুন্টুতে। Download এবং Install এর জন্য দেখুন &lt;a href="http://omicronlab.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=2029"&gt;এখানে&lt;/a&gt; ।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://omicronlab.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=2029" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://www.omicronlab.com/download/scim-avro/LinuxMint7-2009-09-03-02-34-38_small.gif" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">1</thr:total></item><item><title>Typing Bangla in Ubuntu</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/typing-bangla-in-ubuntu.html</link><category>Bengali Keyboard</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Thu, 19 Nov 2009 05:21:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-3453432547889007494</guid><description>Many people often fall in trouble when it comes to typing in Bengali while using Ubuntu. First thing I would mention is that keep in mind that Ubuntu has the maximum regional support officially. Ubuntu has 2 keyboard layouts for typing Bengali.&lt;br /&gt;
1. Bangladesh&lt;br /&gt;
2. Bangladesh Probhat&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The layout named "Bangladesh" is somewhat similar to "Bijoy keyboard". I am not sure about what are the difference, if you know plz comment to share.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Another one is the "Bangladesh Probhat" it is a phonetic keyboard. It is most popular for those who do not know any conventional keyboard layouts or those who type Bengali occasionally. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To set up your keyboard to type Bengaly first go to -&lt;br /&gt;
System -&amp;gt; Preferences -&amp;gt; Keyboard&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_Qmj1RgPn97nB2YBvLJE3mcbWytzwSscuMXJPPpqQGgBTwJJBXlLBk-KNfYXT4Z0ks0XFHZn0Cdpr7NLO5tyoxhTTLYxZtbUc1nHAcnMBLaaf5wIA7m3nnw4uR0ibLB-pkxw5aIeizlCw/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_Qmj1RgPn97nB2YBvLJE3mcbWytzwSscuMXJPPpqQGgBTwJJBXlLBk-KNfYXT4Z0ks0XFHZn0Cdpr7NLO5tyoxhTTLYxZtbUc1nHAcnMBLaaf5wIA7m3nnw4uR0ibLB-pkxw5aIeizlCw/s320/1.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&amp;nbsp;Then click on the "Layout" tab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBoT6Su6I2hqSjMJDXdl7CN-2WMd2-5EGDpqvM1f0oB3zMiBB0_smRDSKCsnwWDavmkFm3fQLnYiggi1Tg88oQYoeCfGUGCp_GrrUOVbjLZe_xxG00kKI1eFEt-bWIud0uXyMcbq6Gys07/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBoT6Su6I2hqSjMJDXdl7CN-2WMd2-5EGDpqvM1f0oB3zMiBB0_smRDSKCsnwWDavmkFm3fQLnYiggi1Tg88oQYoeCfGUGCp_GrrUOVbjLZe_xxG00kKI1eFEt-bWIud0uXyMcbq6Gys07/s320/2.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&amp;nbsp;The current available layouts will be showed. Click on Add&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi6A4x1TFSoUlmZiWPWFFFR855kTnNp-GwYHJBjdvnmANbzd-nVJJ7kmIDYURp7ZWwAOvkm5sqevkw0gBSazo8RftDS2utXmqMroo6Bnr6PUrGyeUqbNW-NvDhuT4WpkHY4GDjjbWsLxkn/s1600/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi6A4x1TFSoUlmZiWPWFFFR855kTnNp-GwYHJBjdvnmANbzd-nVJJ7kmIDYURp7ZWwAOvkm5sqevkw0gBSazo8RftDS2utXmqMroo6Bnr6PUrGyeUqbNW-NvDhuT4WpkHY4GDjjbWsLxkn/s320/3.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;Choose your country "Bangladesh" and choose your variants "Bangladesh" or "Bangladesh Probhat".&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWqojwhp9gFWMLGM0Xvxr1CL7kcHYEow6XTteKTrojf8mR5SXQVMQPYLv1X_ExVwaAQJx9oHhZiXLJUu9PAMagtxJ9KHfoNcba9L5JVG5mNecGNdlB2sAdqmPkuPT3xP4cIWXruu_2jKDt/s1600/4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWqojwhp9gFWMLGM0Xvxr1CL7kcHYEow6XTteKTrojf8mR5SXQVMQPYLv1X_ExVwaAQJx9oHhZiXLJUu9PAMagtxJ9KHfoNcba9L5JVG5mNecGNdlB2sAdqmPkuPT3xP4cIWXruu_2jKDt/s320/4.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;Click "Add"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifL6MYYlmmz4OmMEJ-rg0MH90_raWGcMN2RsU-CF3WY_p6scsjtapyi6a6Vd_APpwSZNLddiMkpBfJkTeH6ZqtfJNlFArn8lceVAh0kMT3pPvKbXq2JUnTDtUINfnXEm_JINpZOyyWi57z/s1600/5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifL6MYYlmmz4OmMEJ-rg0MH90_raWGcMN2RsU-CF3WY_p6scsjtapyi6a6Vd_APpwSZNLddiMkpBfJkTeH6ZqtfJNlFArn8lceVAh0kMT3pPvKbXq2JUnTDtUINfnXEm_JINpZOyyWi57z/s320/5.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;Now click on the newly created layout and click "Layout options"&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMcWSGGbfIOz5zdnV__40g1eMZLWySqBAI-HbT5RR1Fm-ZzDHzBi-or-WEJmGVt-eFiinC2ENKS8tnXAtAGl04e7IXGCPt26MnxecGbk8lTyUXnLhJ-Ieinvk6OB8G2zyZ5IENBwI5-bQS/s1600/7.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMcWSGGbfIOz5zdnV__40g1eMZLWySqBAI-HbT5RR1Fm-ZzDHzBi-or-WEJmGVt-eFiinC2ENKS8tnXAtAGl04e7IXGCPt26MnxecGbk8lTyUXnLhJ-Ieinvk6OB8G2zyZ5IENBwI5-bQS/s320/7.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;Select the key you want to use to switch layouts from the "Keys to change layout" drop down list. You can use "super" (or windows)if it is free. and click "done". Now you can start to type Bengali by pressing the specified switch.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIIIo91gURSA5CEymGhsZJjfBVMsNNwYVNWrarSohyh4XiLBfcs0mfTeLFi7KFHuGakyZCeVB7ZOXz1jdDzx83KxgzuVEzeWJpwPH-juMmU6AFTkQwJg3KS7f_hclSHEGGJ01MrmNjFpeM/s1600/8.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIIIo91gURSA5CEymGhsZJjfBVMsNNwYVNWrarSohyh4XiLBfcs0mfTeLFi7KFHuGakyZCeVB7ZOXz1jdDzx83KxgzuVEzeWJpwPH-juMmU6AFTkQwJg3KS7f_hclSHEGGJ01MrmNjFpeM/s320/8.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" height="72" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_Qmj1RgPn97nB2YBvLJE3mcbWytzwSscuMXJPPpqQGgBTwJJBXlLBk-KNfYXT4Z0ks0XFHZn0Cdpr7NLO5tyoxhTTLYxZtbUc1nHAcnMBLaaf5wIA7m3nnw4uR0ibLB-pkxw5aIeizlCw/s72-c/1.png" width="72"/><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">1</thr:total></item><item><title>Install Ubuntu in Your Pendrive!!</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/install-ubuntu-in-your-pendrive.html</link><category>Ubuntu in USB drive</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Thu, 19 Nov 2009 04:20:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-8627037287696676511</guid><description>Pendrivelinux is a concept to put your workspace and all your stuff in your pendrive. There are several distributions specifically designed for such purpose. Most of them are small and compact. Ubuntu itself can be installed in a pendrive. For this you don't even need to know a lot of linux, coding or anything complicated.&lt;br /&gt;
All you need is a USB drive or pendrive, linux version to install. The capacity of the USB drive depends upon what distro you are about to install.&lt;br /&gt;
Regular Karmic takes about 690 MB (the size of Live CD)&lt;br /&gt;
If you want a minimal installation disk it would be less.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To install ubuntu in your USB stick - First of all manage all the stuff then start your existing Ubuntu. If you dont have ubuntu installed you can also do this from live session.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Go to 'System'-&amp;gt;'Administration'-&amp;gt;'USB startup disk creator'&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A window will showup somewhat like the following-&lt;br /&gt;
1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPuGGHD0czO2zkYNh_DTfg6ilNFeA9ki1W0iKWzWtpbXddjmgEwwKxJnzeWTPWoLuHxMa2lZmttgUWh4U_slcdIHBgT3n2DIa-EDEvvo5jEGsU9XnwV1H6zH4G59Gk2oVqWetcB4MdzSGp/s1600/01.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPuGGHD0czO2zkYNh_DTfg6ilNFeA9ki1W0iKWzWtpbXddjmgEwwKxJnzeWTPWoLuHxMa2lZmttgUWh4U_slcdIHBgT3n2DIa-EDEvvo5jEGsU9XnwV1H6zH4G59Gk2oVqWetcB4MdzSGp/s320/01.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In the upper field you have to chose an existing live CD of ubuntu. Click on "other" or "browse" to browse to your live CD iso. If you dont have an iso image then make one from any software(nero,brasero etc..) You can also enter the live CD to the CD-ROM drive and select it from the shown list. But it is recommended that you use an iso.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The field at the middle part will show existing USB or Removable drives connected to the PC. select your pendrive from the list. You can format it if you wish.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You will also see at the bottom a field with two options - 1st one will store the documents and changes created during the live session in a specified space. (needs larger space) and the 2nd one will discard the documents and settings created when running the live session from USB disk.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGSj50Mktqu-KW2CQBVKAMudtYyiHLO77rx-WjcwrWDY76974POaJmeT_9bJFjzWMfpdFuU4L92OgMmBH0QNwVX0gMwsZeLnXHZ_15lQT1t_3Md50MbTXQM2wDGrtGOVW0Um4lxbjlNJ0k/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGSj50Mktqu-KW2CQBVKAMudtYyiHLO77rx-WjcwrWDY76974POaJmeT_9bJFjzWMfpdFuU4L92OgMmBH0QNwVX0gMwsZeLnXHZ_15lQT1t_3Md50MbTXQM2wDGrtGOVW0Um4lxbjlNJ0k/s320/2.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on "Make". The process will begin.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNh6lpy_RXZnqNmQ1_-jRKwpE0bDafRsQ16ervkvbImx8zv869XfpJzEajBl_It8jeaS9-6R4HdQQ1u4_m4-ViO_l4YPJBmYAtlxXZOiySs7vsCTVphij3xjR3-slWKWnaNChfG8Q8e8Z3/s1600/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNh6lpy_RXZnqNmQ1_-jRKwpE0bDafRsQ16ervkvbImx8zv869XfpJzEajBl_It8jeaS9-6R4HdQQ1u4_m4-ViO_l4YPJBmYAtlxXZOiySs7vsCTVphij3xjR3-slWKWnaNChfG8Q8e8Z3/s320/3.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
You can now use your USB stick to boot Ubuntu anywhere. You can also use this pendrive to install Ubuntu in other systems just like a live CD. Although some older motherboards does not permit booting from USB there wont be any problem with the new ones. All you have to do now is to connect the USB stick to the suspect PC and set the boot priority to proper sequence. Sit back and relax and you shall see the ubuntu splash screen shortly.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For a more advanced installation you can use UNetbootin. It is a old soft but still can handle a lot of operating systems.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;If you are interested to try other OS visit&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="http://www.pendrivelinux.com/"&gt;&lt;cite&gt;www.pendrivelinux.com&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;cite&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.pendrivelinux.com/category/install-to-usb-hard-drive"&gt;http://www.pendrivelinux.com/category/install-to-usb-hard-drive&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;cite&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.pendrivelinux.com/usb-linux-mint-7-kde-flash-drive-creation-windows"&gt;http://www.pendrivelinux.com/usb-linux-mint-7-kde-flash-drive-creation-windows&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="http://www.pendrivelinux.com/persistent-eeebuntu-flash-drive-creation-windows"&gt;&lt;cite&gt;http://www.pendrivelinux.com/persistent-eeebuntu-flash-drive-creation-windows&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</description><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" height="72" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPuGGHD0czO2zkYNh_DTfg6ilNFeA9ki1W0iKWzWtpbXddjmgEwwKxJnzeWTPWoLuHxMa2lZmttgUWh4U_slcdIHBgT3n2DIa-EDEvvo5jEGsU9XnwV1H6zH4G59Gk2oVqWetcB4MdzSGp/s72-c/01.png" width="72"/><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>Try different OS's in your single installation of Ubuntu</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/try-different-oss-in-your-single.html</link><category>Virtual Computer Box</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Wed, 18 Nov 2009 22:43:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-524360084699849453</guid><description>This tutorial clarifies on how to install a different OS inside VirtualBox. This particular tutorial is based on VBox OSE installed in Ubuntu Karmic, still would be able to cover other similar systems even inside windows.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you do not already have VBox installed in your system goto- Add/remove (ubuntu software center) and install VBoxGtk and VirtualBox OSE&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhs1jOhndlMyWb5GwrtHgb6nNdHAeyJYk0s-7XC7wuP5e2wJmlxTB69SjSzPdHvj2INyeDr4-rWsQLPnAQp9cp6eVfmIe7quVZa8_t5e8zFxdvrK0unw1xyb6hYLmlatP19K1MdwSSlu-o/s1600/02.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhs1jOhndlMyWb5GwrtHgb6nNdHAeyJYk0s-7XC7wuP5e2wJmlxTB69SjSzPdHvj2INyeDr4-rWsQLPnAQp9cp6eVfmIe7quVZa8_t5e8zFxdvrK0unw1xyb6hYLmlatP19K1MdwSSlu-o/s320/02.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;If you have VBox installed then run it from Applications -&amp;gt; Accessories -&amp;gt; VirtualBox OSE  . A window will appear like follow-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdx1lI5YsxhMbqqy-HhvFFWLpWcDS2NJiS2xUcbJZALBls7HxakfDplCw4EmFuShuDFIsifPn2zfa0hCxHM_WEadspkJEsSSEcCT3ges6ZDbUhuGmAUj1FdIg00eQT6K9u7qKv3jRRR_-z/s1600/04.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdx1lI5YsxhMbqqy-HhvFFWLpWcDS2NJiS2xUcbJZALBls7HxakfDplCw4EmFuShuDFIsifPn2zfa0hCxHM_WEadspkJEsSSEcCT3ges6ZDbUhuGmAUj1FdIg00eQT6K9u7qKv3jRRR_-z/s320/04.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The left side panel shows the available virtual machines. I have a machine named 'testy' (in fig) The right side shows its description. By default there will be no installed Virtual system.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To create a new system click on "New".&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The "Create new Virtual Machine" dialogue appears. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAS_NO0LkBfrPDZnCo235Cr-J9S4Lwi6qN5e3aIQ5Wcs13eDVb1PFlfZDDBtaiW9CPYCKIHbRlZ5TyT2GW2U3lXboGRnwAsw3J2mKCuGJOAVwqW4RdvPtpLTWTyeemh_HF7jENvuNZXbaj/s1600/05.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAS_NO0LkBfrPDZnCo235Cr-J9S4Lwi6qN5e3aIQ5Wcs13eDVb1PFlfZDDBtaiW9CPYCKIHbRlZ5TyT2GW2U3lXboGRnwAsw3J2mKCuGJOAVwqW4RdvPtpLTWTyeemh_HF7jENvuNZXbaj/s320/05.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;click next. The next dialogue shows-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpyxMuy_izrh6l5nNf0-fbJf2uNJezl6on31puH0TrSilqOfuTS27jv6rgoKGnv84h4MN1iKa_b4Tor3zNlIpXNTit2-WH92GpeUZ4p9_oqRTCdXxlHURBT0yI6l-fZZU-3t2OrrjtlHKS/s1600/06.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpyxMuy_izrh6l5nNf0-fbJf2uNJezl6on31puH0TrSilqOfuTS27jv6rgoKGnv84h4MN1iKa_b4Tor3zNlIpXNTit2-WH92GpeUZ4p9_oqRTCdXxlHURBT0yI6l-fZZU-3t2OrrjtlHKS/s320/06.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Give the VM(stands for Virtual Machine) a name in the name field and selt the type as you desire.when finished click next&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0cVYxQaXSvy7zxCw877ASQejJtkjb23vFm7RDrfVeTt7BhDUSEvmEj-72GiSgC1ExBBnfupiLO2af-9UL85IFcmLamJPuEDVcblvEJwQu80S3Tf6imgQWPXPee8b_aEYeIH2ZR5ttplkV/s1600/07.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0cVYxQaXSvy7zxCw877ASQejJtkjb23vFm7RDrfVeTt7BhDUSEvmEj-72GiSgC1ExBBnfupiLO2af-9UL85IFcmLamJPuEDVcblvEJwQu80S3Tf6imgQWPXPee8b_aEYeIH2ZR5ttplkV/s320/07.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Next dialogue shows how much of the main memory (RAM) would you like to give to the VM. 256MB is usually enough but would be a little slower, increase it as you wish. If you have a RAM of 1024MB then dont exceed 512MB. click next two times to continue.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrJtg3C8c9fCuEIJn36FlD1qD5RGtsd9Koh8i7faL_tEyIpj8w6cwLylJPef03S5oImRTWxzDcEjEwFEg3mO3o8rrwUX4PBBu-h4Na_pNU-Cn4h3l2iguYzH2NJDL1Df_5m5KdFsBy3wt4/s1600/08.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrJtg3C8c9fCuEIJn36FlD1qD5RGtsd9Koh8i7faL_tEyIpj8w6cwLylJPef03S5oImRTWxzDcEjEwFEg3mO3o8rrwUX4PBBu-h4Na_pNU-Cn4h3l2iguYzH2NJDL1Df_5m5KdFsBy3wt4/s320/08.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you have followed the instructions then you would be prompted to create a Virtual Disk at this stage. Click next&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIcmIX_tt5VbrZA4BKgYcHTI54UpBGp632TeF6oH0FAFh54QC0UQcDatNkWwtjDLXEh2uQyHpnF1in-vNCylRO79UgixyeJPuaKIHS32jfb0w7M_8yb1tXp4jb0n0EkmNp6DWmuzI0Fv8b/s1600/09.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIcmIX_tt5VbrZA4BKgYcHTI54UpBGp632TeF6oH0FAFh54QC0UQcDatNkWwtjDLXEh2uQyHpnF1in-vNCylRO79UgixyeJPuaKIHS32jfb0w7M_8yb1tXp4jb0n0EkmNp6DWmuzI0Fv8b/s320/09.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Set the location "Where the Virtual Disk will be saved" and the size "Size of the virtual disk". Depending upon what OS you are willing to install in the system you can set the size. The Virtual disk will act as the Hard disk of the VM. And always be sure that you have enough space int the directory. 4GB will be enough for XP. Click next and Finish to build the Virtual disk. And finish again to create the VM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSM9LTEsJ6Xex6pvMqkX0oSGNsP6DJc-9s86TLoKUKcXbcGKgN0m16_Zp0zN5K4dYvpspbu7VyJVKX-9piTdxGwp9inRAJLcjeaguO0u1ERq3hUEvrZYUVVZMGrh4v2S4U5Yah_rncR2Bq/s1600/13.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSM9LTEsJ6Xex6pvMqkX0oSGNsP6DJc-9s86TLoKUKcXbcGKgN0m16_Zp0zN5K4dYvpspbu7VyJVKX-9piTdxGwp9inRAJLcjeaguO0u1ERq3hUEvrZYUVVZMGrh4v2S4U5Yah_rncR2Bq/s320/13.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
You can set other devices from the list at your right. (e.g: Click on the CD/DVD -ROM to set the Virtual CD/DVD drive.) or you can just click start. When you start the VM for first time the "Wizard" will start. click next&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigrK19GJ50JB3_A95zN6TVYSZttwz0xszOghFUU7M3K2x4R4nI9uVYBujIO5mJB1wz34ygUoxWLJJQfgtZ4NVxphyphenhyphenVrw0XzgiljwJWcc048FXbGRTgtUpXhiWe-GVqP9qsAlrcIyD3aIpT/s1600/14.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigrK19GJ50JB3_A95zN6TVYSZttwz0xszOghFUU7M3K2x4R4nI9uVYBujIO5mJB1wz34ygUoxWLJJQfgtZ4NVxphyphenhyphenVrw0XzgiljwJWcc048FXbGRTgtUpXhiWe-GVqP9qsAlrcIyD3aIpT/s320/14.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Select the installation CD of the desired Operating system. Mark the CD-ROM device. Mark the "Host drive" if you want to allow the VM to use your physical CD-ROM(You may have to select the device from drop-down menu if multiple devices are connected). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
or, you can select a ISO image from hard disk.In that case a following window will show up-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMOC7Qe-_Srfe1jYuityr1MrXbkVuqxGJ3e2eWiwQAobQUfIzWDvZCqUNcs1TqBETiQgI3BZVIgauW35QIR794nr4D83MHTN7dPgBwUCjHKs9mQn2AtTfcqV7I8Bs8dH6dCDZgZZXL1ifB/s1600/17.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMOC7Qe-_Srfe1jYuityr1MrXbkVuqxGJ3e2eWiwQAobQUfIzWDvZCqUNcs1TqBETiQgI3BZVIgauW35QIR794nr4D83MHTN7dPgBwUCjHKs9mQn2AtTfcqV7I8Bs8dH6dCDZgZZXL1ifB/s320/17.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Click on "Add" and browse to select your iso (xpsp2.iso,..ubuntu910.iso..) and click select. finish to go the VM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8gzxNAFL3wJ4KgyWdLN9Pp47NcmMtifK8f62Vp46qw1jTD9u67A70ihd51CFzGySYuuQfQH33kxddh-fyN_ILqJvLMm9CLseRpcrvc1bVU_tvnxeHEumPHZmjZ4gYQkhgiGuhS3Pecj1m/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8gzxNAFL3wJ4KgyWdLN9Pp47NcmMtifK8f62Vp46qw1jTD9u67A70ihd51CFzGySYuuQfQH33kxddh-fyN_ILqJvLMm9CLseRpcrvc1bVU_tvnxeHEumPHZmjZ4gYQkhgiGuhS3Pecj1m/s200/1.png" width="200" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The VM will act just like a PC. You can enter bios and set the boot priority. and install XP or whatever OS you want just the way you install in a original system.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1bTQw9hDqRoahX917Gozv5qX_Jt6ZqzH9cd5erVnGWhlaUpfpGrT-G2gun9ctjIaicJHza2t-YfklvH2gDhQ6_Hd5eQC6fduflASHe8RdSAiXc0MYxoE05hCTBNXPbOrIQZZ_d-Gsqt9B/s1600/12.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1bTQw9hDqRoahX917Gozv5qX_Jt6ZqzH9cd5erVnGWhlaUpfpGrT-G2gun9ctjIaicJHza2t-YfklvH2gDhQ6_Hd5eQC6fduflASHe8RdSAiXc0MYxoE05hCTBNXPbOrIQZZ_d-Gsqt9B/s200/12.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press F12 to enter boot menu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And choose your installation medium (CD-ROM in our case)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you are using windows and interested to use &lt;a href="http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads"&gt;VBox OSE&lt;/a&gt; visit-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="http://www.virtualbox.org/"&gt;http://www.virtualbox.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sun Microsystems has developed this to work in different platforms. It is still under development so try to stay updated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Virtual box with Ubuntu installed inside Ubuntu!!-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik0eMj_z5ga4kK8yFXbphxA3PvwgPeww79X666FxDtVPUEi7kxYtYv93tmgQ8Aj2ysSlWBe3IfAfdTw6IBpIZ1sOqbBUSoaRITj7JY5rXridLdxWH0z6VZLIpC4YqorwVmI2U9mOo8XPN9/s1600/4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik0eMj_z5ga4kK8yFXbphxA3PvwgPeww79X666FxDtVPUEi7kxYtYv93tmgQ8Aj2ysSlWBe3IfAfdTw6IBpIZ1sOqbBUSoaRITj7JY5rXridLdxWH0z6VZLIpC4YqorwVmI2U9mOo8XPN9/s320/4.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" height="72" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhs1jOhndlMyWb5GwrtHgb6nNdHAeyJYk0s-7XC7wuP5e2wJmlxTB69SjSzPdHvj2INyeDr4-rWsQLPnAQp9cp6eVfmIe7quVZa8_t5e8zFxdvrK0unw1xyb6hYLmlatP19K1MdwSSlu-o/s72-c/02.png" width="72"/><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>More Terminal Commands</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/more-terminal-commands.html</link><category>Inside the Terminal</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Tue, 10 Nov 2009 09:08:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-1111041218109709765</guid><description>&lt;b&gt;See list of files and folders&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ls &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
example: ls ‐l&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
‐l : show permissions, ownerships etc&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
‐a : Show all files, including hidden files&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;To change location&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
cd &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
example: cd Documents&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Copy file or folder&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
first specify file (and path if necessary), cp, then specify destination.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
cp &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
example: cp myfile.doc Desktop/ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
‐r : Copy folders too, including contents (otherwise&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
folders will be ignored) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Delete file(s) or folder(s)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
multiple files/folders can be specified&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
rm &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
example: rm –rf myfolder&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
‐r : Delete folder; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Create a link to a file&lt;/b&gt; (shortcut)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
first specify the file (including path if necessary), and then the location where the link should be created. A different filename may be specified for the new link.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ln      &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
example: ln –s myfile.doc ~/Desktop/ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Unmount attached storage device&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
umount &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
example: sudo umount /media/cdrom</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>Terminal Commands</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/terminal-commands-as-i-said-earlier.html</link><category>Inside the Terminal</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Tue, 10 Nov 2009 08:01:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-7303665447273283628</guid><description>As I said earlier, some commands work on their own. Like, 'ls'. It is very handy.&lt;br /&gt;
If you are in your home folder and give the command 'ls' it will show you the files and folders in that location-e.g: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/*I am using&lt;span style="background-color: #fce5cd;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="background-color: #fce5cd; color: black;"&gt;Bold to present command input&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #fce5cd;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;and&lt;span style="background-color: #fce5cd;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="background-color: #fce5cd;"&gt;Italic to present display output&lt;/i&gt;*/&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;ls &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;Desktop  Documents  Examples  Music  Pictures  Public Templates  Videos &lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
most commands take arguments. like cd (change directory) it will jump to the directory followed in the command. e.g:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;cd Documents &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
or&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;cd location&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you want to go to any folder directly just type full address in the location field. for example if you want to go to "/home/shabab/Pictures/" type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;cd /home/shabab/Pictures&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
or you can also go step by step&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;cd /&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
cd home&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
cd shabab&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
cd Pictures&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The firs '/' goes to the root directory (like C:\ in windows). And you can figure out the other steps. Be careful about one thing that linux terminal is case sensitive. So if you type 'pictures' instead of 'Pictures' it wont work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
bash: cd: pictures: No such file or directory&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many commands also has command options. like adding the option after command will make it work. Like ls shows all files folders in a directory. But if you also want to see the hidden ones add –a, which causes all files to be listed including hidden ones.e.g:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;ls -a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
.              .esd_auth         .ICEauthority  .recently-used&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
To see the details of all elements. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;ls -l&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Command options can also be combined&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; To see details of hidden files&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
ls -la&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To see a list of available command options add --help. e.g:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;ls --help&lt;/b&gt;      or&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;cp --help&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To run a command from your current location. Write the command after ' ./ ' many experts interpret it as 'right here'. It is a good way to remember. E.g:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;./browser&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
will run a program called browser located in current directory.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To read the manual of any package&lt;b&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;man&lt;/b&gt; &lt;package name=""&gt;&lt;/package&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e.g.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;man gcc&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
shall open the manual of gnu compiler collection</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>Understanding Terminal</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/understanding-terminal-terminal-when.html</link><category>Inside the Terminal</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Tue, 10 Nov 2009 06:53:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-4962079953986342772</guid><description>Most convenient way to access the command-line is to use a terminal program(Application-&amp;gt;Accessories-&amp;gt;Terminal)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When the terminal program appears, you’ll see something like this:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
your_name@your_name‐desktop:~$ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The first part of the prompt shows your username. After the @ sign is the name of the computer, commonly referred to as the hostname.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After this your current browsing location is displayed followed by a colon. By default you will start from ~ . Where '~' is a shorthand form of your home directory.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
i.e:  /home/your_name&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The $ sign indicates the string or sentence ends here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are many commands to work in terminal mode. They also work very logically. Once you learn the basics you'll find it easier to do many tasks in command mode rather than graphical mode. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some commands work on their own. They dont require any arguments. While the others take arguments to know what to work with. In other words, they need to be told what file(s) or folder(s) to work with.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once a command is entered, all that’s usually seen is the prompt again.&lt;br /&gt;
There’s no confirmation. bash doesn’t say “OK” or “Command&lt;br /&gt;
completed!”. bash is the silent type. It’ll only speak if it has to, usually to&lt;br /&gt;
tell you of an error.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We will discuss all the basic commands in another topic.</description><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>Activating Wired Broadband Connection</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/activating-wired-broadband-connection.html</link><category>Connecting to the Internet</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Mon, 2 Nov 2009 05:05:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-6756901020052984853</guid><description>For those who are afraid of setting up broadband connection in ubuntu this is the post&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;goto-&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;'System' -&amp;gt; 'Preferences' → 'Network connections'&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;(select tab) 'Wired' → 'Add'&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGdeadkepPNtbOdu4nnkHinwotetQAALUI-aA3Nn5MyyZ8IATdFqK3XQ9VQhNr-v3Vmwgh_1LY9ctgR1kDYULBS1V-0munCpIgjrGROgHQvlan2herP2WlZmsRuqkBifyTH9ifTOq0c-Fd/s1600-h/w2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGdeadkepPNtbOdu4nnkHinwotetQAALUI-aA3Nn5MyyZ8IATdFqK3XQ9VQhNr-v3Vmwgh_1LY9ctgR1kDYULBS1V-0munCpIgjrGROgHQvlan2herP2WlZmsRuqkBifyTH9ifTOq0c-Fd/s320/w2.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;Give a connection name and check auto-connect according to your choice&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhznMkQ_Z2sh0rtjv_vJxdQBGXR8ey7JNHmGyKhPKw2myVi8nmj-OdckQwalHXlvWYIgnVlw1j2Wa2BiD1SRt1bLaj2E-4yQJ7UydzDYisc80w8qQBqQiTh7-tgQ-5ePZREzMRBKV5TJOFr/s1600-h/w3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhznMkQ_Z2sh0rtjv_vJxdQBGXR8ey7JNHmGyKhPKw2myVi8nmj-OdckQwalHXlvWYIgnVlw1j2Wa2BiD1SRt1bLaj2E-4yQJ7UydzDYisc80w8qQBqQiTh7-tgQ-5ePZREzMRBKV5TJOFr/s320/w3.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;In IPv4 settings set 'method' -&amp;gt; 'manual'&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;click 'add'&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinO_t3UU1JJiwgRUD2Avm4h2_3we2QzUR2yGSr2RQOBsC88p1yfKYPNyWYQKhG_tzJjcyqJhDUrwFiNsza0F5HKBvC3qlg5StANoHMJHp1gLZU-LhIIzFFxXoMxA55ioa_iUO_sMPctm1n/s1600-h/w4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinO_t3UU1JJiwgRUD2Avm4h2_3we2QzUR2yGSr2RQOBsC88p1yfKYPNyWYQKhG_tzJjcyqJhDUrwFiNsza0F5HKBvC3qlg5StANoHMJHp1gLZU-LhIIzFFxXoMxA55ioa_iUO_sMPctm1n/s320/w4.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;now  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;'Address' → your 'IP' address&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;'Netmask' → 'subnet mask' number&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;'Gateway' → your 'gateway address'&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;fill the DNS servers field with your 'DNS'&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF6rQbPhHOuogJoS9CY9lghEFEaXebn9DIyAgP85TeZr92UZRylZBH45AznuwfuIJ20iGXOKfdQLRRsRd6Qc_0fPZY3DQY9yvPf2Z3B8FKLVedpJALwW29wf0WmRVTvmhzN9e0no6r-ulT/s1600-h/w6.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF6rQbPhHOuogJoS9CY9lghEFEaXebn9DIyAgP85TeZr92UZRylZBH45AznuwfuIJ20iGXOKfdQLRRsRd6Qc_0fPZY3DQY9yvPf2Z3B8FKLVedpJALwW29wf0WmRVTvmhzN9e0no6r-ulT/s320/w6.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="margin-bottom: 0in;"&gt;press OK&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" height="72" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGdeadkepPNtbOdu4nnkHinwotetQAALUI-aA3Nn5MyyZ8IATdFqK3XQ9VQhNr-v3Vmwgh_1LY9ctgR1kDYULBS1V-0munCpIgjrGROgHQvlan2herP2WlZmsRuqkBifyTH9ifTOq0c-Fd/s72-c/w2.png" width="72"/><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item><item><title>Installing Ubuntu besides Windows (dual boot)</title><link>http://ubuntu50mg.blogspot.com/2009/11/installing-ubuntu-besides-windows-dual.html</link><category>Installing with dualboot</category><author>noreply@blogger.com (Shabab Haider Siddique)</author><pubDate>Mon, 2 Nov 2009 05:00:00 -0800</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6852084391582754185.post-8807265256443800259</guid><description>এই টিউটোরিয়াল ব্লগটি লিখার সময় প্রথমে যেটা আসে -"কোথা থেকে শুরু করব?" একেবারে প্রথম থেকে আরম্ভ করলে কেমন হয়? &amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
(I was just thinking where to start, then I thought why not just start from beginning?)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
এখানে যারা একেবারেই নতুন তাদের বোঝার মত করে লিখার চেষ্টা করব। এই টিউটোরিয়াল অনুসরন করলে Windows এর কোন ক্ষতি না করেই পাশাপাশি Ubuntu ইন্সটল করতে পারবেন।&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
(Here I will try to make it easy for even new computer users (who is also new about windows installing) to install ubuntu beside any other operating system.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
আপনার কাছে Ubuntu লাইভ সিডি না থাকলে &lt;a href="http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download"&gt;এখানে&lt;/a&gt; পাবেন। .iso ফাইলটি কোন সিডিতে বার্ন করে নিথে হবে। আপনি চাইলে Ubuntu এর ফ্রি সিডি-র জন্যে অনুরোধ করতে পারেন &lt;a href="https://shipit.ubuntu.com/"&gt;এখানে&lt;/a&gt;।&amp;nbsp; ফ্রি সিডি আনতে কোন খরচ নেই&amp;nbsp; তবে অপেক্ষা করতে হবে ১ মাস এর বেশী, তাছারা আপনার অনুরোধ না রাখার সম্ভাবনাও রয়েছে। এর জন্য আপনার কোন ই-মেইল থেকে Launchpad এ সাইন আপ করতে হবে। &lt;br /&gt;
(If you dont have a ubuntu LiveCD click &lt;a href="http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; to download from ubuntu website. Then burn the .iso file to a blank CD. You can even consider &lt;a href="https://shipit.ubuntu.com/"&gt;requesting a free CD&lt;/a&gt;. You will need to signup for a launchpad account and verify it by e-mail.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ধরলাম আপনি সিডি পেয়েছেন , এখন যা করতে হবে তা হল সিডি থেকে আপনার পিসি স্টার্ট করা। লাইভ সিডি চালু হলে একটি মেনু আসবে যেখানে ভাষা সিলেক্ট করতে হবে। আপনি LocalTeam তেকে সিডি আনলে এটি নাও আসতে পারে। ভাষা সিওলেক্ট করলে নিচের মেন্যুটি দেখবেন-&lt;br /&gt;
(If you have a live CD of ubuntu then just insert it to the CD rom of your PC and reboot. The liveCD will start with a menu to choose language. If you choose your language then you will see the following options -)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. Try ubuntu without any change in your computer&lt;br /&gt;
2. Install ubuntu&lt;br /&gt;
3. Check CD for defects....&lt;br /&gt;
... and some other configuration settings&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
শরু করার জন্যে প্রথমটাই ভাল(Try ubuntu without any change in your computer)। এটাতে ক্লিক করুন। কিছু সময় নেবে লোড হতে।&lt;br /&gt;
Its better to start with (Try ubuntu without any change in your computer). Click it to boot ubuntu live from CD. It will take a few moment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
উবুন্টু চালু হলে নিচের মত একটি Desktop আসবে - &lt;br /&gt;
When ubuntu boots completely you will see a desktop somewhat similar like this -&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPLtHyf-ISrepdPhBw0KTtsIwSzKeV7vEYyYUmHJvf2NITBmvg0yx8x4VlHSzH_J5nj8SOoqhhVA7QwUFgSiHaGrAoSp0uBHNDl4g43HoWoODj-RdVz1QWP78fl1Y4Y7-JB5dFXYSq7P6K/s1600-h/01.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPLtHyf-ISrepdPhBw0KTtsIwSzKeV7vEYyYUmHJvf2NITBmvg0yx8x4VlHSzH_J5nj8SOoqhhVA7QwUFgSiHaGrAoSp0uBHNDl4g43HoWoODj-RdVz1QWP78fl1Y4Y7-JB5dFXYSq7P6K/s320/01.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
মজার ব্যাপার হল , এই লাইভ সিডি কোন ইন্সটল ছারাই বেশ ভাল ভাবেই চালানো যায়। এখানে আপনি উবুন্টু যাচাই কারার একটি সুযোগ পাবেন, Word, mediaplayer, browser এর মত সবই এখানে পাবেন। পছন্দ হলে ডেস্কটপের Install Ubuntu আইকন টি ক্লিক করুন।&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;You can try out ubuntu from here. Many programs you use will be there by default. To install ubuntu click on the icon showed in the desktop.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxJDpFs9eKji2Dhm1mKnK9aurdV6-WB_105RbNXLSWcTywZnuCmwKQWvirGuZuyhcpbWsBqoKAP5h9xzzfd8jxxSCOUOLgcby8J5fXcy9oQ4eOTqFhyphenhyphen7FEsJnOH7OZVBRpQ_Dm012o7-Ce/s1600-h/02.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxJDpFs9eKji2Dhm1mKnK9aurdV6-WB_105RbNXLSWcTywZnuCmwKQWvirGuZuyhcpbWsBqoKAP5h9xzzfd8jxxSCOUOLgcby8J5fXcy9oQ4eOTqFhyphenhyphen7FEsJnOH7OZVBRpQ_Dm012o7-Ce/s320/02.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
যে Language দরকার তা সিলেক্ট করুন।&lt;br /&gt;
Select the language you prefer and press forward.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyaofArKZlZb66fHRHQDF7StoTcpAUQ_ZcmwnCChPYU-LVnUA48UrZ1GmwwXSSvL5DtgJj-jT882XERpM0d-87ju01LL6s5ytq2jAiYBKdjYlNd1vlrKqsx4oLZ2-Ksti8FLW_XVi5X_7g/s1600-h/03.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyaofArKZlZb66fHRHQDF7StoTcpAUQ_ZcmwnCChPYU-LVnUA48UrZ1GmwwXSSvL5DtgJj-jT882XERpM0d-87ju01LL6s5ytq2jAiYBKdjYlNd1vlrKqsx4oLZ2-Ksti8FLW_XVi5X_7g/s320/03.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
আপনার সময়/ এলাকা সিলেক্ট করুন।&lt;br /&gt;
Select your region. Just click where you live on the world map (if you are using running CD) or select from drop down list. Press forward.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDqcH5fhS-Gkq2mtR-jPk-E_yLdl7lWEoFiEnjeOKKd69_QZOI84Ydcy8sLZPXv55Sgfk1rblCFU9R1KvKnUAPNKh6KN6IVvVocPP2lCiL99awjRlgQidZRgMCb0L4XA2C2rGoJk1oycsF/s1600-h/04.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDqcH5fhS-Gkq2mtR-jPk-E_yLdl7lWEoFiEnjeOKKd69_QZOI84Ydcy8sLZPXv55Sgfk1rblCFU9R1KvKnUAPNKh6KN6IVvVocPP2lCiL99awjRlgQidZRgMCb0L4XA2C2rGoJk1oycsF/s320/04.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
বিশেষ কোন কি - বোর্ড লেআউট চাইলে এখানে বাছতে পারেন, নাইলে Next/Forward চাপুন। &lt;br /&gt;
Here you can select your Keyboard layout if you want. Just click forward if you want default.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3nboHqXVBXmwwR1pKlMyczXp0XMToOiXQkc4cK5R9WzqSAkOSFg3qCuKG13rGZmQsyQKnrFQJjaRry-Q9cm45JtlTIQRgEPRPMdOy3GWhOq59A013mQaDxiO4tCQT-90VRx_lEHRtt0TF/s1600-h/06.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3nboHqXVBXmwwR1pKlMyczXp0XMToOiXQkc4cK5R9WzqSAkOSFg3qCuKG13rGZmQsyQKnrFQJjaRry-Q9cm45JtlTIQRgEPRPMdOy3GWhOq59A013mQaDxiO4tCQT-90VRx_lEHRtt0TF/s320/06.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
এই স্টেপটা সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপুর্ন, এখানেই Ubuntu কোথায়/কিভাবে ইন্সটল হবে তা ঠিক করতে হবে।&lt;br /&gt;
সিলেক্ট করুন - "specify partitions manually" এবং Forward চাপুন।&lt;br /&gt;
This is the most important part. If you want ubuntu as a second choice beside any other OS select specify partitions manually and click forward.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSallOfQ4yiI9Xb55YeVQza7YNUgan8bpqJGkP_nOGV2x2hLVHyPWknR33FwjqI-vu5531ve1r9cCicuZpRmesBy1REoMXQfM860LrarmgGwEd3_AsYd__EsKIBT3lWxfJ29aF0deP3ZWk/s1600-h/07.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSallOfQ4yiI9Xb55YeVQza7YNUgan8bpqJGkP_nOGV2x2hLVHyPWknR33FwjqI-vu5531ve1r9cCicuZpRmesBy1REoMXQfM860LrarmgGwEd3_AsYd__EsKIBT3lWxfJ29aF0deP3ZWk/s320/07.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Free space হেডিং এ যদি পর্যাপ্ত জাগা(১০/১৫ জিবি যথেষ্ট) না থাকে তাইলে, কোন অপ্রয়োজনীয় পার্টিশন ডিলিট করে নিতে পারন। এর জন্যে পার্টিশন টি সিলেক্ট করে ডিলিট এ ক্লিক করুন। পার্টিশন টি হার্ড ডিস্ক এর শেষ প্রান্তে হলে ভাল।&lt;br /&gt;
If you dont have enough space under 'free space' heading then delete a few partition where you dont have important data. To delete a partition select that partition and click delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpfgyVK6470D1mc9VMxm76GRdYr5iPbWrF7vdbON7qY9ZEU7-xxOhZVULzc4VpUDL0Z3ObFlp2BT5Rkp_-t-JFrpQhCj5EHOjUoVg0xsbTWQr5J73OuQhe5lndDehQALNimc810OydszMj/s1600-h/08.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpfgyVK6470D1mc9VMxm76GRdYr5iPbWrF7vdbON7qY9ZEU7-xxOhZVULzc4VpUDL0Z3ObFlp2BT5Rkp_-t-JFrpQhCj5EHOjUoVg0xsbTWQr5J73OuQhe5lndDehQALNimc810OydszMj/s320/08.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
পার্টিশন তৈরী করতে এবার ফ্রিস্পেস এ ক্লিক করে "Create" এ ক্লিক করুন। আপনার ২টি পার্টিশন দরকার হবে - "/" এবং "swap"। প্রথমটার জন্যে Size হিসেবে সম্পুর্ন ফ্রিস্পেস এর চেয়ে কিছু কম( -১জিবি। যেমন:-&amp;nbsp; সম্পর্ন ফ্রিস্পেস ১৫ জিবি হলে সইজ ১৪ জিবি ) রাখুন। "Type " হিসেবে "Primary" এবং "Mount Point" হিসেবে - "/" বাছুন। এবার OK চাপুন।&lt;br /&gt;
Now select the free partition and click create to create partition for ubuntu. You need 2 partitions. For the first partition set size 1or2 GB less than entire free space and select the options as shown in figure. 'Type' -'Primary' , 'use as'- 'ext3' or 'ext4' , 'mount point' - ' / ' press OK&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLbdLgmp7AclINmNGbMopIF8fRjFZMNveWEwwQG1-mV5qR2jKgewO7-lZ6_e_yFBw6dQP2ObiWlPVL4JI8SQRz173AFKm1ZkFszMIitnxCNykvTavQBDlGMkN8Flw1TZ_G4iQiEuWeuzUp/s1600-h/09.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLbdLgmp7AclINmNGbMopIF8fRjFZMNveWEwwQG1-mV5qR2jKgewO7-lZ6_e_yFBw6dQP2ObiWlPVL4JI8SQRz173AFKm1ZkFszMIitnxCNykvTavQBDlGMkN8Flw1TZ_G4iQiEuWeuzUp/s320/09.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
এবার দ্বিতীয় পার্টিশন একইভাবে তেরী করুন "Use as"এই সেটিং এ- "swap area" দিয়ে।&lt;br /&gt;
Create second partition same way with these setting-&lt;br /&gt;
'Use as' - 'swap area'&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO3rbOHp3iuP2fTJy_C0TRU2Wqt_-tgs-94CpOYR2H-e1R2n7OBWWlZzMHMst33SOGGxSYK4AI2sFXmudMIXkOdON2vHBflaNJ_ntSGK-k98jMtQqsc_QhzpkKQRW3vU5vJ3Q9IPeCygGM/s1600-h/11.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO3rbOHp3iuP2fTJy_C0TRU2Wqt_-tgs-94CpOYR2H-e1R2n7OBWWlZzMHMst33SOGGxSYK4AI2sFXmudMIXkOdON2vHBflaNJ_ntSGK-k98jMtQqsc_QhzpkKQRW3vU5vJ3Q9IPeCygGM/s320/11.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
হয়ে গেলে Forward চাপুন, সেটিং Import এর window আসলে Forward চাপুন। ব্যাস!! .. .. এবার শুধু অপেক্ষা .. .. .. .. !!&lt;br /&gt;
Just click 'forward' - 'forward' to continue...Sit back and wait.</description><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" height="72" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPLtHyf-ISrepdPhBw0KTtsIwSzKeV7vEYyYUmHJvf2NITBmvg0yx8x4VlHSzH_J5nj8SOoqhhVA7QwUFgSiHaGrAoSp0uBHNDl4g43HoWoODj-RdVz1QWP78fl1Y4Y7-JB5dFXYSq7P6K/s72-c/01.png" width="72"/><thr:total xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0">0</thr:total></item></channel></rss>