The artist uses ball pens and pencils for drawing portraits.

Today, we are going to introduce you to a renowned inventor, mathematician and artist, Leonardo di ser Pierro da Vinci. His work, the Mona Lisa is a familiar name to most people in the world. But his story is one unknown to many. 

Born on 15th April 1452 in Vinci, a region in Florence, Leonardo was mentored by a notable artist Verrocchio. Other famous protégées of Verrocchio include Botticelli and Perugino. It is said that Leonardo aided Verrocchio with his painting of The Baptism of Christ, and painted an angel holding Jesus’s robe in a manner so superior to his master’s, that Verrocchio never painted again. It is rumoured that Leonardo even modeled for Verrocchio’s statue of David.

From here onwards, records of his life disappear to resurface around the time when he went to Milan in 1482. Here, he was commissioned to make The Virgin of the Rocks and The Last Supper for a monastery. During this time, he was also involved in making a model for a large equestrian monument for Francesco Sforza, an elaborate deal for which seventy tons of bronze was required. As with most of Leonardo’s work however, the monument remained unfinished for a long time. In November 1494, just when Leonardo had started making plans for casting, the bronze kept aside had to be used to make cannons to defend the city from an attack led by Charles VIII.

Following this, Leonardo fled Milan. In 1500, he returned to Florence, where he was provided with a workshop by the Servite monks of a monastery. Here Leonardo created a cartoon of The Virgin and The Child, winning great admiration among the common people. After this, Leonardo spent two years creating a mural depicting the Battle of Anghiari for the Signoria. He employed various techniques ranging from painting on a dry stone wall to using wet plaster for his art. Typically however, he used oil paint made by hand from ground pigments.

In 1506, he returned to Milan. From here, he went back to Florence in 1507 due to his father’s death, but chose to came back to Milan a year later and settle in Porta Orientale. From 1513 to 1516, Leonardo lived in the Vatican. Upon the recapture of Milan by France in 1515, Leonardo was commissioned to make a mechanical lion that could walk and open to reveal a chest full of lilies. Leonardo died on 2 May 1519 and was buried in the Chapel of Saint-Hubert. But even centuries after the end of his tumultuous life, his name lives on as that of a legend, the most celebrated artist of all times.


Author - Nikita Singal (PGP1 Finesse Club Member)

‘A building is not just a place to be but a way to be. The mother art is architecture. 
Without an architecture of our own, we have no soul of our own civilization.’
                                                                                                                                                            – Frank Lloyd Wright

Wright, perhaps one of the best architects of his time, aptly defined the true essence of architecture. Architecture is an integral part of every civilization, an eternal mark on the earth’s face, of its people and their artistic genius. One can experience this for himself only while travelling through the different parts of Europe. For over the last two millennia, each civilization – small or big – has imprinted itself in stone and brick. The buildings in each city stand testimony to the continuous evolution of society’s artistic expression. It is therefore imminent to understand the main architectural styles, their history and the symbolism, to better understand the rich heritage of an entire continent.

Classical

Classical architecture is derived from the architecture of ancient Greece and ancient Rome. With the collapse of the western part of the Roman Empire, the architectural traditions of the Roman empire ceased to be practiced in large parts of western Europe. In the Byzantine Empire, the ancient ways of building lived on but relatively soon developed into a distinct Byzantine style.  It places emphasis on symmetry, proportion, geometry and the regularity of parts as they are demonstrated in the architecture of Classical antiquity and in particular, the architecture of Ancient Rome. Greek amphitheaters, the Colosseum, the Pantheon, and the Roman Baths are just a small set of examples.

Classical styles can be further classified into Ancient Greek, Roman, Herodian, Early Christian, and Byzantine which differ from each other with respect to the finer elements. The first conscious efforts to bring back the disused language of form of classical antiquity into Western architecture can be traced to the Carolingian Renaissance of the late 8th and 9th centuries. Classical styles of architecture re-emerged and dominated Western architecture for a very long time, roughly from the Italian Renaissance until the advent of Modernism.

Pre-Medieval

The Dark Ages generally denote the second half of the first millennia, from the end of the Roman Empire around 400 C.E. to 1000 C.E. The primary theme during this period is the introduction and absorption of classical Mediterranean and Christian forms with Germanic ones creating innovative new forms, leading to the rise of Romanesque art in the 11th century. The architectural styles during this period are therefore also called ‘Pre-Romanesque’. In most of Western Europe the Roman architecture tradition survived the collapse of the empire, The Merovingians (Franks) continued to build large stone buildings like monastery churches and palaces. 

The Merovingian dynasty were replaced by the Carolingian dynasty in 752 AD, which led to Carolingian architecture from 780 to 900 AD, and Ottonian architecture in the Holy Roman Empire from mid-10th century until the mid-11th century. These successive Frankish dynasties were large contributors to Romanesque architecture. Regional styles developed in Croatia, England, France, Italy, and Spain as per the influence of various other cultures from outside Europe. The major regional styles are Merovingian (France, Germany); Visigothic (Spain, Portugal); Asturian (North Spain, North Portugal); Carolingian (France, Germany) and Ottonian (Germany). This was the beginnings of a quintessential melting pot of varied architectural styles.

Medieval

The most important architectural style that developed in Medieval Europe was the Gothic style. It evolved from Romanesque architecture. Originating in 12th-century France and lasting into the 16th century, Gothic architecture was known during the period as Opus Francigenum ("French work") with the term Gothic first appearing during the latter part of the Renaissance. The Gothic style, when applied to an ecclesiastical building, emphasizes verticality and light. Its characteristics include the pointed arch, the ribbed vault and the flying buttress. Other characteristics of early Gothic architecture, such as vertical shafts, clustered columns, compound piers, plate tracery and groups of narrow openings had evolved during the Romanesque period. The dominance of the Church over everyday life was expressed in grand spiritual designs which emphasized piety and sobriety. The Romanesque style was simple and austere. The Gothic style heightened the effect with heavenly spires, pointed arches and religious carvings.

Gothic architecture is most familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and churches of Europe. It is also the architecture of many castles, palaces, town halls, guild halls, universities and to a less prominent extent, private dwellings.

While many secular buildings exist from the Late Middle Ages, it is in the buildings of cathedrals and great churches that Gothic architecture displays its pertinent structures and characteristics to the fullest advantage. A Gothic cathedral or abbey was, prior to the 20th century, generally the landmark building in its town, rising high above all the domestic structures and often surmounted by one or more towers and pinnacles and perhaps tall spires.[8][20] These cathedrals were the skyscrapers of that day and would have been the largest buildings by far that Europeans would ever have seen.

Rennaisance

The Renaissance began in Italy and spread through Europe, rebelling against the all-powerful Church, by placing Man at the centre of his world instead of God. The Gothic spires and pointed arches were replaced by classical domes and rounded arches, with comfortable spaces and entertaining details, in a celebration of humanity. The Baroque style was a florid development of this 200 years later, largely by the Catholic Church to restate its religious values.

Renaissance style places emphasis on symmetry, proportion, geometry and the regularity of parts as they are demonstrated in the architecture of classical antiquity and in particular ancient Roman architecture, of which many examples remained. Orderly arrangements of columns, pilasters and lintels, as well as the use of semicircular arches, hemispherical domes, niches and aedicules replaced the more complex proportional systems and irregular profiles of medieval buildings. The obvious distinguishing features of Classical Roman architecture were adopted by Renaissance architects. However, the forms and purposes of buildings had changed over time, as had the structure of cities. Among the earliest buildings of the reborn Classicism were churches of a type that the Romans had never constructed. Neither were there models for the type of large city dwellings required by wealthy merchants of the 15th century. Conversely, there was no call for enormous sporting fixtures and public bath houses such as the Romans had built. The ancient orders were analyzed and reconstructed to serve new purposes.

What do we see when we see a Jackson Pollock? We see what Pollock stands for - freedom and self-expression. There is an illusion in the artwork that something has been done through sheer instinct alone, what you would call abstract, expressionist stuff. It is not difficult to see why so many fail to understand his art. It is through chaos, the ideas come alive, and through contradiction one experiences independence. These very same elements of chaos and contradiction were very much the artist himself. There was something extremely fine and delicate with all of these lines and is choreographed on some level of ecstasy. There is no foreground, no background, no character, no object, no limit and nothing to focus on. It’s just the ideas splattered all over with no beginning and no ending, just like a state of mind.

What else do we see? We also see a particularly American financial success story. The painting Autumn Rhythm failed to sell at all when it was first shown when the asking price was only $1200. After Pollock died a dealer offered it to the Museum of Modern Art for $8000 and they were appalled by the price. Then it was offered again at $30,000 and they didn’t even reply to the letter. Eventually the Metropolitan Museum bought it for $20,000. A trustee said, "a painting this big must be worth something!" Today his paintings are priced at hundreds of millions. The painting No. 5 (1948) is alone priced at $162 million.

His Life

It is said that Pollock discovered his method by accident, when paint dripping from a brush created a graceful pattern on the floor. He was hooked, put his canvas down on the floor and used the drip technique to create his art work. After World War - II New York started taking over the modern art scene. Picasso had lost his newness and Pollock with his abstract drip was the sign of progress.

By the mid 1950s, Pollock's work had been displayed all over New York and most of Europe. He was successful, but inside his head a tragedy was unfolding. He had turned into a depressed alcoholic. He'd be subdued when he was sober. But when he was drunk, the aggression would come out. He was violent and had terrible insecurity. He was shy by nature and too sensitive to criticism. 

His own self-destructiveness was overwhelming. On the night of 11th Aug, 1956 Pollock was driving in his car with two friends. He had gotten the car in exchange for two small paintings. He was drunk and was driving at 80 miles an hour. The car came to a curve in the road, a spot he knew well as it was only a few yards from his home. But he failed to turn and the car sped towards a group of Oak trees. It collided with a trunk and Pollock was thrown out of the car due to the impact. He collided with a tree head first and was killed instantly. That was the tragedy of Jackson Pollock.

The Critics 

Admired for his imagination and pragmatism with the use of color, he captured the moment into mystical splashes. It is argued that the work done by him is no great art; in fact anyone could start dripping and produce the splashes. His work was ridiculed and misunderstood. It was proven later that his work is impossible to recreate. It is what his imitators could never do, and why there are no successful Pollock forgeries: they always end looking like total chaos, whereas Pollock in his best work had an almost preternatural control over the total effect of depths and flow of paint.

In the documentary above, when I saw Pollock painting, I was struck by the way he moved swiftly and gracefully around the canvas tacked to the floor, as he poured and spattered paint. Then, he would step back and judge, then move and paint again.

I end with a quote by Jackson Pollock which represents him, his art and abstract art.

                            "When I am in a painting, I'm not aware of what I'm doing. It is only after a sort of 'get acquainted' 
                             period that I see what I have been about. I have no fears about making changes, destroying the 
                             image, etc, because the painting has a life of its own. I try to let it come through. It is only when I 
                             lose contact with the painting that the result is a mess. Otherwise there is pure harmony, an easy
                             give and take, and the painting comes out well."


Authors: Arpita Verma and Sarvotham Shetty. 

But before that, don’t you wanna know if it’s of at least any use? Sure, the picture above looks abstract and beautiful. But where would you use something like that? Trust me, you can use them anywhere. Like these for example -

You can put it on book covers, designer cards, scrapbook, wall hangings, gifts, any and all decorative stuff. That should be a good enough reason for you to learn and have some fun with it.

Creating these designs is simple. It is a liquid solution by which you can create smooth patterns like that you see on natural marble . So, that's where the name come from – creating marble on paper. This technique seems to have been first employed in East Asia  around the 10th Century AD, travelling through Central Asia and finally reaching Europe in the 17th century AD. Interestingly, it was in Europe that this technique was used for lining bookshelves, drawers, etc. Currently, paper marbling is used widely across different parts of globe. Internationally, there is also a Society of Marbling which is a group of practicing marblers.

Let’s dig in!

Firstly the materials required,

Below is a video on paper marbling to help you get started.

What are you waiting for? Go ahead and create these beautiful designs. Don't be afraid, no one ever gets this wrong, even if it's your first time.

Rashmi Chauhan is a PGP student at IIM Ahmedabad. 

Ray exploited the artistic genius in him to make posters for his own films. The posters designed by him show off exotic Indian calligraphy and motifs and were phenomenal works of art, unmatched in novelty and quality. One morning Calcutta woke up to find all her walls flooded with only one poster; the startled people read the words “Shohore GUGABABA Aschhen” (meaning Gugababa is going to visit the city soon) written on it. This later turned out to be the poster for his film “Gupi Gayen Bagha Bayen” a folk tale for children and it doesn’t need to be mentioned that GUGABABA was the acronym for the title. Satyajit Ray’s artistic touch took commercial poster and publicity material to an unprecedented level; even to current date Ray’s posters stand as undisputed champions. The posters would contain a close-up of half-face of the heroin with the other half drawn as a goddess, sometimes it would be a lonely woman stuck at the threshold of the home and the world or it would just be close-ups of a number of characters bunched together in the form of a city skyline. A prolific illustrator, Ray reached the pinnacle of his flamboyance in the design of his movie posters; a rare fusion of eastern and western influences can be seen in his posters.

Satyajit Ray brought a new wave to Indian commercial art and added a remarkable aesthetic form and spirit to it. Highly influenced by western culture, very well trained in eastern orientalism, the genius of Ray transcends the borders of a graphic artist. He defines his art through his movies, books and forces the audience to be amazed by his creative genius. Truly the multifaceted talent of Ray cannot be captured by calling him a graphic artist or a movie maker or an illustrator or painter. He was an artist who lived his art through his life and his works. He was an emblem of versatility, the Da Vinci of modern India; he was truly the Renaissance Man. 

Sourav Sengupta is a PGP student at IIM Ahmedabad

Surrealism

 Surrealism was an artistic and literary movement that began in the early 1920’s, dedicated to expressing the imagination as revealed in dreams, free of the conscious control of reason and convention. The aim of Surrealism was to reveal the unconscious and reconcile it with rational life. There was no single style of Surrealist art but two broad types can be seen. These are the early dream-like work of Salvador Dali, and Rene Magritte, and the later free form or automatist work by artist such as Max Ernst and Joan Miro. Surrealist artists used unexpected juxtapositions and illogical scenes which they painted with photographic precision to express their subconscious imagination.

Story of Dali

Born in the town of Figueres, close to the French border in Catalonia (Northern Spain), Dalí was strongly influenced by incidents from his family life. When he was five, Dalí was taken to his brother's grave and told by his parents that he was his brother's reincarnation, a concept which came to influence a lot of his later works – the most notable of which was 'Portrait of My Dead Brother.' He was encouraged by his parents and sent to an art school in Madrid where he experimented with Impressionism, Futurism and Cubism (articles on these to follow later, feel free to Google them!)

It was in the student’s residence in Madrid that Dali found a lot of the inspiration for his later works. He became close friends with Pepin Bello, Luis Bunuel, and Federico Garcia Lorca – champions of surrealism in various fields such as writing, movies and theatre. Also, around that time, Dali met the prime inspiration for most of his paintings – his future wife Gala.

Famous works

The Persistence of Memory (1931), is perhaps the most recognized Surrealist painting in the world. The interpretation of the melting watches in this painting vary from them being unconscious symbols of the relativity of space and time to them being merely the manifestations of the Surrealist perception of a Camembert cheese melting in the sun. Dalí returned to the theme of this painting with the variation The Disintegration of the Persistence of Memory (1954) showing this one systematically fragmenting into smaller component elements. This was widely seen to be a mark of the end of his fascination with Surrealism and a symbol of his new-found interest in science, especially in nuclear physics. He called the atom his “favourite food for thought”. This painting was said to be the effect of the bomb blasts at Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II.

Eccentric to a fault, Dali was one of the leading painters that influenced the development of intellectual thought and brave depiction of symbolism in modern art as we know it today.

Other works of Salvador Dali can be found here.

This article was written by Sowjanya Kanuri, Kulothungan and Vishnu Kant. All PGP students of IIM Ahmedabad.

The art was also practiced at the courts of Naples, Madrid, Prague, Paris and elsewhere. From the late 16th century, the colorful stones were arranged on furniture as landscapes and flower scenes.

History

This technique of Pitera Dura can be predominantly seen in the most dominant architectural phenomenon of the incomparable Taj Mahal. The crown of the Mughal architecture, the Taj Mahal, constructed between 1630 and 1653 by a workforce of more than twenty thousand workforce, is said to be one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The name Pietra Dura, generates a lot of debate as far as the origin is concerned. The mostly widely accepted fact is that the form has its origin from Italy but was later on adapted by Indian craftsmen according to their needs, they gave it an indigenous feel and used the technique to carve traditional Indian arts and sculpture, including the Taj Mahal.

The Technique

The work of cutting and shaping the raw stones into ornamental pieces is a matter of great precision. Two different artisans work upon the stone and the marble. 

After it has dried, the surface is cleaned and then polished to make it appealing, and also makes it a long lasting timeless beauty. Some of the pieces of semi-precious stones are as fine as needle and it requires great precision and mastery of the art to integrate these fine pieces in the marble.

The art is now losing its significance and has failed to gain popularity as no Pitera Dura work has been done on any of the monuments since 1980’s, despite the fact that they need restoration. Nothing has been done over the last two decades to restore these extremely delightful structures.

In 2004-2005, UNESCO organized a workshop on Pietra Dura, during which some plaques were produced. But they did not find place in any of the monuments and the event proved an exercise in futility.

Some of  architectural works  which have used Pietra Dura are the Moti Masjid or Pearl Mosque in Agra Fort and the Taj Mahal, the Red fort in Delhi with the Diwan-i-Am and Diwan-i-Khas, the Jami Masjid in Delhi and the Mausoleum of Jehangir in Shahdara, Lahore (in Pakistan).

Valley fold
A valley fold is the reverse of a mountain fold, a valley like structure created by folding a part of the paper towards the folder.

Inside reverse fold
A mountain fold and the valley fold are the simple folds. The more complicated folds are called combination folds as they employ one or more simple folds. Inside reverse fold is the simplest of the combination folds. This is simply folding a flap such that the tip of the inside is reserved and it forms a beak-like structure.

Outside reverse fold
Outside reverse fold is the opposite of the inside reverse fold. The mountain fold is on the far layer whereas the valley fold is on the near layer. This also always occurs on a flap.

Rabbit ear fold
Make 3 valley folds at the angular bisectors of a triangular flap and a perpendicular mountain fold from in-center to a side. Its name was derived from the way of folding the ears for an antiquated rabbit model.

A variation to the regular rabbit ear fold would be to use the valley folds at a particular angle to the base instead of angular bisectors.

Double rabbit ear
A double rabbit ear is taking a two layered flap and then making two rabbit ear folds from both the near layer as well as the far layer.

This Youtube video shows a simple demonstration of the rabbit ear and the double rabbit ear folds. However, if you still find difficulty in doing this, you can always contact us.

Squash fold
Put simply, squash fold is squashing a fold. The layers of a flap are spread to the sides and the folded edge is flattened.

Swivel fold
There is an asymmetric version of a squash fold that earned its own name which is called swivel fold.

Petal fold
We have seen that mountain folds, valley folds and rabbit ear folds, when coupled with their mirror images give a combination fold, so does the squash fold. This is called the petal fold. 

Even though petal fold is only an intermediate difficulty fold, it could be considerably complex for an origami beginner. So, below is a demonstration of how to make this fold.

Petal folds, rabbit ear folds and the reverse folds are the most common types of folds encountered in any origami design. In fact they are closely related. For example, a petal fold can also be made by using reverse folds as shown:

On deeper observation, one can see that a petal fold is also closely related to rabbit folds. In fact, it is nothing but joining two rabbit ear folds. Bisecting a petal fold reveals just this.

Pleats and Crimps
Pleats and crimps are simple combinations of mountain and valley folds.

Sink folds are the only important folds that haven’t been covered in this post. The sink folds by themselves are in a different class and are ranked as complex folds. The next post would be fully dedicated to understanding how to make sink folds.

Each of these folds has a specific purpose normally and we shall see how each of these can be used in various applications.

Sources: The pictures and the concepts shown here are taken from various sources, of which the main source is “Origami Design Secrets” by Robert J Lang.

Aravind Maddireddy is a PGP student at IIM Ahmedabad and a member of Finesse.

As I grew up, the crayons were replaced first by sketch pens and eventually by watercolors. After 4 years of my on and off relationship with various colors, I discovered the two true and everlasting colors of the universe: Black & White. Encompassing everything within and beyond imagination, these are the only two shades which have demanded and succeeded to be perceived over the ages. While others often shy away in darkness, these two have always managed to prevent the catastrophe of a colorless world. Their bold and omnipresent character paved the way for my love towards sketching.

While sketching in my undergrad college, I was greatly influenced by the work of Laurie Lipton.

A brilliant contemporary sketching artist from New York, she has developed her own sketching technique which consists of thousands of extremely fine cross hatched lines, making her sketches insanely detailed and intricate. Over the years, I have tried to inculcate her technique in my own work. Though it requires a lot of time and patience but the resulting details and effects are unbelievable.

Besides the details, the ideas presented in her drawings amaze me every time I look at them. Each and every one of her sketches has a shocking value embedded so deep into it that a mere glance is sheer injustice towards the artist. Her work seems to be the extension of our smallest unknown fears. Through her drawings, she forces the observer to get in touch and feel those fears.  Even the titles of the drawings are equally well thought and intuitive. One of her such drawings which intrigues me is ‘Closed Circuit’. 

At the end of the day, it is really magnificent to see a part of your ideas objectified in front of you and ready to be shared with others.


Manoj Nibhoria is a PGP student at IIM Ahmedabad and a member of Finesse.

There are only two very basic folds – a mountain fold, forming a shape like a mountain and a valley fold, forming a shape like a valley. But, even these are the same. A valley fold is just a mountain fold with the paper turned over.

Symbols 

 While there are many symbol systems to describe the folding sequences, Yoshizawa  diagramming system is the most popular and I shall use the same for the sequences in this series. Verbal instructions are also added to make the job easier. Instructions will be provided as  if the model lays flat in front of you.

Up, Down, Top and Bottom are references with respect to the printed page.

Near  refers to the layers closest to you (i.e., those on the top) and Far  refers to the layers farthest from you (i.e, those at the bottom).

Origami paper often has two different sides (commonly a colored side and a white side).

Origami diagrams are usually line drawings. There are 5 different types of lines used for different features of the folded shape as shown below.

Once you have understood these symbols, you are ready to jump into the world of origami models and designs. Before that, you need to learn the basic folds required to easily arrive at the final models. We shall look at the various folds in the next post. However if you are too eager to learn, you can google the following folds (we will discuss these over the next few posts).

• Mountain fold
  
• Valley fold
  
• Inside reverse fold
  
• Outside reverse fold
  
• Hybrid reverse fold
  
• Rabbit ear fold (and the variations)
  
• Double rabbit ear
  
• Squash fold
  
• Swivel fold
  
• Petal fold
  
• Pleat
  
• Crimp
  
• Spread sink
  
• Sink fold (Open sink, closed sink and mixed sink)
  
• Double sink
  
• Unsink fold (Open and closed)
  

Each of these has a specific purpose and in future posts we shall see how each of these can be used in various applications. 

Aravind Maddireddy is a PGP student at IIM Ahmedabad and a member of Finesse. 

Source:  “Origami Design Secrets” by Robert J Lang.

This is my first in a series of posts on Origami design and folding. Well, for starters, Ori means “folding” and kami means “paper”, hence Origami – Paper folding. Cutting and gluing is generally not used; if you have to cut, it is kirigami (kiri = cutting).

Before you start anything in Origami, you have to understand two of the most basic questions – How? Why?

The answer to how  to fold a design can be easily answered if you know the basic folds, bases and have access to the instructions (just type “How to fold Origami *****” in Youtube and you are almost sure to find it) but the answer to why a particular design is folded that particular way is much more complex. There are thousands of published folding sequences in books and magazines but these step-by-step folding sequences more often than not do not communicate how the model was designed. “How to fold” is rarely “How to design”. Usually the folding sequences are optimized for the ease of folding and in some cases, to even obscure the underlying design so that the finished structure comes as a surprise. So, once again the perennial question – How to come up with an origami design for the design in your mind? Most designers have traditionally designed by ‘feel’, the experience they gain from playing around with paper for years. But, the art of Origami is not entirely an obscure art. It can indeed be pursued in a systematic fashion. There are simple, geometric techniques on how to go about developing the desired sculpture.

In the series of posts that follow, I shall try to explore both the areas. I shall explain the basic folds and bases, move on to standard designs all the while trying to answer why the folds are made in a certain way. In some cases, I shall focus on the mathematical connections and try to provide mathematical derivations of concepts. But in most cases, I shall refrain from formal mathematical proofs. This would help in establishing a scientific link while staying in the domain of art and not straying too much into the area of science. 

Aravind Maddireddy is a PGP student at IIM Ahmedabad and a member of Finesse. 


Picture courtesy: toysperiod.com