INFOtech

use of switch statement without loop in C

2013-09-27T01:11:00.001-07:00

/*use of switch statement*/
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c,d,e,f,g,ch;
clrscr();
printf("Enter three numbers:");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
printf("\nMENU:\n1. Sumession\n2. Sum of square\n3. Sum ofcubes\n4. Product\n\n Enter Your Choice:");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
d=a+b+c;
printf("The sumession is %d",d);
break;
case 2:
e=(a*a)+(b*b)+(c*c);
printf("The sum or square is %d",e);
break;
case 3:
f=pow(a,3)+pow(b,3)+pow(c,3);
printf("The sum of cube is %d",f);
break;
case 4:
g=a*b*c;
printf("The product is %d",g);
default:
printf("\nuser choice");
}
getch();
}

C program to read number and print maximum

2013-09-27T01:09:00.003-07:00

/*program to read number and print maximum*/
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c,d,m;
clrscr();
printf("Enter four numbers ");
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c,&d);
m=0;
if(a>m)
m=a;
if(b>m)
m=b;
if(c>m)
m=c;
if(d>m)
m=d;
printf("\nRESULT:\n%d is the grater no.",m);
getch();
}

C program to print area of triangle for vilad data

2013-09-27T01:08:00.003-07:00

/*area of triangle for vilad data*/
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c,s,ar;
clrscr();
printf("Enter three sides of the triangle: ");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
if((a+b>c)&&(b+c>a)&&(c+a>b))
{
s=(a+b+c)/2;
ar=sqrt(s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c));
printf("\nRESULT:\nArea of triangle= %d",ar);
}
else
printf("\nRESULT:\n\nInvilid data input\nPlease inter the valid data");
getch();
}

C programme to find the type of room

2013-09-27T01:07:00.001-07:00

/*programme to find the type of room*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int l,b,a;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the length and breadth of room:");
scanf("%d%d",&l,&b);
a=l*b;
printf("Area of Room = %d",a);
if(a>2500)
printf(" \nGivern room is Auditorium");
else if(a>=500)
printf("\nGinen room is Hall");
else if(a>150)
printf("\nGiven room is Big Room");
else
printf("\nGiven Room is Small Room");
getch();
}

C program to check leap year or not leap year

2013-09-27T01:06:00.000-07:00

/* to check leap year or not*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int y;
clrscr();
printf("Enter Year:");
scanf("%d",&y);
if(y%4==0)
{
if (y%100==0)
{
if (y%400==0)
printf("\n%d is a Leap Year",y);
else
printf("\n%d is not a Leap Year",y);
}
else
printf("\n%d is not a Leap Year");
}
else
printf("\n%d is not a Leap Year");
getch();
}

C program to calculate the real roots of quadratic equation

2013-09-27T01:04:00.002-07:00

/*roots of quadratic equation*/
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c,r1,r2,x;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the value of a, b & c:");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
x=pow(b,2)-4*a*c;
if(x>=0)
{
r1=(-b+sqrt(x))/(2*a);
r2=(-b-sqrt(x))/(2*a);
printf("Real roots are :%d & %d",r1,r2);
}
else
printf("Given roots are imagenary");
getch();
}

C program to calculate compound intrest

2013-09-27T01:02:00.002-07:00

/* Program to calculate compounded amount */
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
float p,n,r,f;
clrscr();
printf("Enter Principal amount:");
scanf("%f",&p);
printf("\nEnter no. of Year:");
scanf("%f",&n);
printf("\nEnter the rate:");
scanf("%f",&r);
f=p*pow(1+r,n);
printf("\nThe compounded aount =%.2f",f);
getch();
}

Write a C program to compute f=(2.9678x10^-27 + 0.876x10^-38)/(7.025x10^16 - 9.75x10^12

2013-09-23T22:36:00.002-07:00

/* Write a program to compute
f=(2.9678x10^-27 + 0.876x10^-38)/(7.025x10^16 - 9.75x10^12) */
   #include<conio.h>
   #include<math.h>
   #include<stdio.h>
   void main()
   {
   int a,b,c,d,f;
   clrscr();
   a=2.9678e-27;
   b=0.876e-38;
   c=7.025e16;
   d=9.75e12;
   f=(a+b)/(c+d);
   printf("The value of F= %d",f);
   getch();
   }

Given a 5 digit intiger no. Write a C program to print it in reverce order eg. (92674 => 47629)

2013-09-23T22:35:00.002-07:00

/* Given a 5 digit intiger no. Write a program to print it in reverce order
eg. (92674 => 47629) */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
long int a,b,c,d,e,r,no;
clrscr();
printf("Enter 5 digit intiger no.:");
scanf("%ld",&no);
e=no%10,no=no/10,d=no%10,no=no/10,c=no%10,no=no/10,b=no%10,no=no/10,a=no;
r=((e*10000)+(d*1000)+(c*100)+(b*10)+(a*1));
printf("reverse order= %ld",r);
getch();
}
/*correction required*/

C prgram to input 5 digit intiger no and print sum of digits in it.

2013-09-23T22:34:00.003-07:00

/* write a prgram to input 5 digit intiger no and print sum of digits in it.*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
long int a,b,c,d,e,s,no;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the 5 digit integer no.:");
scanf("%ld",&no);
e=no%10;
no=no/10;
d=no%10;
no=no/10;
c=no%10;
no=no/10;
b=no%10;
no=no/10;
a=no;
s=a+b+c+d+e;
printf("Sum of these numbers= %ld",s);
getch();
}

C program to evaulate the expression (i) a+b (ii) a-b (iii)axb (iv) a/b (v) ramainder of a/b.

2013-09-23T22:34:00.000-07:00

/* Write a program to evaulate the expression (i) a+b (ii) a-b (iii)axb (iv)
a/b (v) ramainder of a/b. */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,pls,mns,pro,dvd,mod;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the value of a: ");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter the value of b: ");
scanf("%d",&b);
pls=a+b,mns=a-b,pro=a*b,dvd=a/b,mod=a%b;
printf("\na+b= %d\na-b= %d\na*b= %d\na/b= %d (devider)\na/b= %d (remainder)",pls,mns,pro,dvd,mod);
getch();
}

C program to input four numbers and print percentages of each numbers on their sum.

2013-09-23T22:33:00.002-07:00

/* write a program to input four numbers and print percentages of each numbers on their sum. */
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
float a,b,c,d,e,pa,pb,pc,pd;
clrscr();
printf("Enter no a: \nEnter no b:\nEnter no c:\nEnter no d:");
scanf("%f%f%f%f",&a,&b,&c,&d);
e=a+b+c+d,pa=a/e*100,pb=b/e*100,pc=c/e*100,pd=d/e*100;
printf("Sum of 4 Nos= %.2fm\nPercentage of a= %.2f\nPercentage of b= %.2f\nPercentage of c= %.2f\nPercentage of d= %.2f",e,pa,pb,pc,pd);
getch();
}

C program to calculate simple intrest amount for deposte amount (p) kept in bamk for (n) years at the rate of (r) sinple intrest per annum

2013-09-23T22:32:00.002-07:00

/* write a program to calculate simple intrest amount for deposte amount (p)
kept in bamk for (n) years at the rate of (r) sinple intrest per annum */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float p,t,r,i;
clrscr();
printf("Enter Principal Amount: ");
scanf("%f",&p);
printf("Enter Time Period: ");
scanf("%f",&t);
printf("Enter the Rate: ");
scanf("%f",&r);
i=(p*t*r/100);
printf("\nYour Simple Intrest= %.2f",i);
getch();
}

C program to read base & altitude of a triangle & print its area

2013-09-23T22:31:00.003-07:00

/* write a program to read fbase & altitude of a triangle & print its area */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float b,h,a;
clrscr();
printf("Inter the Base of Trianfle:");
scanf("%f",&b);
printf("Inter the Height of Triangle:");
scanf("%f",&h);
a=((b*h)*1/2);
printf("\nArea of Triangle= %.2f",a);
getch();
}

C program to input tempreature in celsious & to print its faherenheit equavilent

2013-09-23T22:28:00.005-07:00

/*write a program to input tempreature in celsious & to print its faherenheit equavilent*/
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int c;
float f;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the temperature in celsious: ");
scanf("%d",&c);
f=(c*(9/5))+32;
printf("\nYour tempreature in fahrenheit= %.2f",f);
getch();
}

C program to read the radious of sphere and compute its surface area and volume

2013-09-23T22:28:00.000-07:00

/* write a program to read the radious of sphere and compute its surface area and volume */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int r;
float v,sa;
clrscr();
printf("Inter the radious of sphere please: ");
scanf("%d",&r);
v=4/3*(3.14*pow(r,3));
sa=4*3.14*pow(r,2);
printf("\nVolume of sphere= %.2f",v);
printf("\nSurface area of sphere= %.2f",sa);
getch();
}

C program to input length & breadth of a room & calcuate & print its area and volume

2013-09-23T22:26:00.002-07:00

/* write a program to input length & breadth of a room & calcuate & print its area and volume */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int l,b,a,p;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the lenhth of room:");
scanf("%d",&l);
printf("Enter the breadth of room:");
scanf("%d",&b);
a=l*b,p=2*(l+b);
printf("\nArea= %d",a);
printf("\nPerimeter= %d",p);
getch();
}

C program to change age of a person into date

2013-09-23T22:25:00.005-07:00

/* write a program to change age of a person into date*/
# include <conio.h>
# include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int age,day;
clrscr();
printf("Enter your age in year please:");
scanf("%d",&age);
day=age*365;
printf("Your age in day=% d",day);
getch();
}

C program to print Sum, product & quotient of 22 & 7

2013-09-23T22:24:00.002-07:00

/* Write a program to print Sum, product & quotient of 22 & 7 */
# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,sum,pro;
float quo;
clrscr();
a=22,b=7;
sum=a+b,pro=a*b,quo=a/b;
printf("\nSum=%d",sum);
printf("\nProduct=%d",pro);
printf("\nQuotient=%.2f",quo);
getch();
}

C prigram to calculate volume of Pool assume length=25 width= 10 and depth=6

2013-09-23T22:23:00.000-07:00

/* calculate volume of Pool assume length=25 width= 10 and depth=6 */
# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int v,l,w,d;
clrscr();
l=25,w=10,d=6;
v=l*w*d;
printf("\nVolume of Pool=% d",v);
getch();
}

2012-12-25T00:47:00.000-08:00

नेपालीमा टाइप र च्याट गर्ने तरिका

नेपालीमा टाइप र च्याट गर्नकोलागी 746kb को InputToolSetup download गर्नुपर्ने हुन्छ जस्कोलागी तलको लिंक मा क्लिक गर्नुहोस चित्रमा देखाए जस्तो पेज खुल्ने छ l जहाँ तपाइले विभिन्न भाषाहरु देख्नुहुनेछ ति भाषा मध्ये नेपाली भाषा छनौट गर्नुहोस र download गर्नुहोस, download मा क्लिक गर्नु अघि "म Google को सेवाको सर्त र गोपनीयता कथन स्वीकार गर्छु।" भन्ने बटनमा क्लिक गर्नुहोला l

उक्त फाइल download गरेपछि install गर्नुहोला अब तपाइले नेपालीमा टाइप र च्याट गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ l भाषा परिबर्तन गर्न Alt+Shift बटन दबाउनुहोला l

AUTO CAD COMMANDS

2012-02-23T22:58:00.000-08:00

1 Arc ------------------ arc
2 Boundary -------------- bo
3 Block ---------------- block
4 Breaking ------------- br
5 chamfer -------------- cha
6 Circle --------------- c
7 Colour --------------- col
Here are the complete Commands of Auto CAD
A
ABOUT Displays information about AutoCAD
ACISIN Imports an ACIS file
ACISOUT Exports AutoCAD solid objects to an ACIS file
ADCCLOSE Closes AutoCAD DesignCenter
ADCENTER Manages content
ADCNAVIGATE Directs the Desktop in AutoCAD DesignCenter to the file name, directory location, or network path you specify
ALIGN Aligns objects with other objects in 2D and 3D
AMECONVERT Converts AME solid models to AutoCAD solid objects
APERTURE Controls the size of the object snap target box
APPLOAD Loads and unloads applications and defines which applications to load at startup
ARC Creates an arc
AREA Calculates the area and perimeter of objects or of defined areas
ARRAY Creates multiple copies of objects in a pattern
ARX Loads, unloads, and provides information about ObjectARX applications
ATTDEF Creates an attribute definition
ATTDISP Globally controls attribute visibility
ATTEDIT Changes attribute information
ATTEXT Extracts attribute data
ATTREDEF Redefines a block and updates associated attributes
AUDIT Evaluates the integrity of a drawing
B
BACKGROUND Sets up the background for your scene
BASE Sets the insertion base point for the current drawing
BHATCH Fills an enclosed area or selected objects with a hatch pattern
BLIPMODE Controls the display of marker blips
BLOCK Creates a block definition from objects you select
BLOCKICON Generates preview images for blocks created with Release 14 or earlier
BMPOUT Saves selected objects to a file in device-independent bitmap format
BOUNDARY Creates a region or a polyline from an enclosed area
BOX Creates a three-dimensional solid box
BREAK Erases parts of objects or splits an object in two
BROWSER Launches the default Web browser defined in your system's registry
CCAL Evaluates mathematical and geometric expressions
CAMERA Sets a different camera and target location
CHAMFER Bevels the edges of objects
CHANGE Changes the properties of existing objects
CHPROP Changes the color, layer, linetype, linetype scale factor, lineweight, thickness, and plot style of an object
CIRCLE Creates a circle
CLOSE Closes the current drawing
COLOR Defines color for new objects
COMPILE Compiles shape files and PostScript font files
CONE Creates a three-dimensional solid cone
CONVERT Optimizes 2D polylines and associative hatches created in AutoCAD Release 13 or earlier
COPY Duplicates objects
COPYBASE Copies objects with a specified base point
COPYCLIP Copies objects to the Clipboard
COPYHIST Copies the text in the command line history to the Clipboard
COPYLINK Copies the current view to the Clipboard for linking to other OLE applications
CUTCLIP Copies objects to the Clipboard and erases the objects from the drawing
CYLINDER Creates a three-dimensional solid cylinder

D
DBCCLOSE Closes the dbConnect Manager
DBCONNECT Provides an AutoCAD interface to external database tables
DBLIST Lists database information for each object in the drawing
DDEDIT Edits text and attribute definitions

DDPTYPE Specifies the display mode and size of point objects
DDVPOINT Sets the three-dimensional viewing direction
DELAY Provides a timed pause within a script
DIM AND DIM1 Accesses Dimensioning mode
DIMALIGNED Creates an aligned linear dimension
DIMANGULAR Creates an angular dimension
DIMBASELINE Creates a linear, angular, or ordinate dimension from the baseline of the previous dimension or a selected dimension
DIMCENTER Creates the center mark or the centerlines of circles and arcs
DIMCONTINUE Creates a linear, angular, or ordinate dimension from the second extension line of the previous dimension or a selected dimension
DIMDIAMETER Creates diameter dimensions for circles and arcs
DIMEDIT Edits dimensions
DIMLINEAR Creates linear dimensions
DIMORDINATE Creates ordinate point dimensions
DIMOVERRIDE Overrides dimension system variables
DIMRADIUS Creates radial dimensions for circles and arcs
DIMSTYLE Creates and modifies dimension styles
DIMTEDIT Moves and rotates dimension text
DIST Measures the distance and angle between two points
DIVIDE Places evenly spaced point objects or blocks along the length or perimeter of an object
DONUT Draws filled circles and rings
DRAGMODE Controls the way AutoCAD displays dragged objects
DRAWORDER Changes the display order of images and other objects
DSETTINGS Specifies settings for Snap mode, grid, and polar and object snap tracking
DSVIEWER Opens the Aerial View window
DVIEW Defines parallel projection or perspective views
DWGPROPS Sets and displays the properties of the current drawing
DXBIN Imports specially coded binary files
E
EDGE Changes the visibility of three-dimensional face edges
EDGESURF Creates a three-dimensional polygon mesh
ELEV Sets elevation and extrusion thickness properties of new objects
ELLIPSE Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc
ERASE Removes objects from a drawing
EXPLODE Breaks a compound object into its component objects
EXPORT Saves objects to other file formats
EXPRESSTOOLS Activates the installed AutoCAD Express Tools if currently unavailable
EXTEND Extends an object to meet another object
EXTRUDE Creates unique solid primitives by extruding existing two-dimensional objects
F
FILL Controls the filling of multilines, traces, solids, all hatches, and wide polylines
FILLET Rounds and fillets the edges of objects
FILTER Creates reusable filters to select objects based on properties
FIND Finds, replaces, selects, or zooms to specified text
FOG Provides visual cues for the apparent distance of objects
GGRAPHSCR Switches from the text window to the drawing area
GRID Displays a dot grid in the current viewport
GROUP Creates a named selection set of objects
H
HATCH Fills a specified boundary with a pattern
HATCHEDIT Modifies an existing hatch object
HELP (F1) Displays online help
HIDE Regenerates a three-dimensional model with hidden lines suppressed
HYPERLINK Attaches a hyperlink to a graphical object or modifies an existing hyperlink
HYPERLINKOPTIONS Controls the visibility of the hyperlink cursor and the display of hyperlink tooltips
I
ID Displays the coordinate values of a location
IMAGE Manages images
IMAGEADJUST Controls the image display of the brightness, contrast, and fade values of images
IMAGEATTACH Attaches a new image to the current drawing
IMAGECLIP Creates new clipping boundaries for an image object
IMAGEFRAME Controls whether AutoCAD displays the image frame or hides it from view
IMAGEQUALITY Controls the display quality of images
IMPORT Imports files in various formats into AutoCAD
INSERT Places a named block or drawing into the current drawing
INSERTOBJ Inserts a linked or embedded object
INTERFERE Creates a composite 3D solid from the common volume of two or more solids
INTERSECT Creates composite solids or regions from the intersection of two or more solids or regions and removes the areas outside of the intersection
ISOPLANE Specifies the current isometric plane
L
LAYER Manages layers and layer properties
LAYOUT Creates a new layout and renames, copies, saves, or deletes an existing layout
LAYOUTWIZARD Starts the Layout wizard, in which you can designate page and plot settings for a new layout
LEADER Creates a line that connects annotation to a feature
LENGTHEN Lengthens an object
LIGHT Manages lights and lighting effects
LIMITS Sets and controls the drawing boundaries and grid display
LINE Creates straight line segments
LINETYPE Creates, loads, and sets linetypes
LIST Displays database information for selected objects
LOAD Makes shapes available for use by the SHAPE command
LOGFILEOFF Closes the log file opened by LOGFILEON
LOGFILEON Writes the text window contents to a file
LSEDIT Edits a landscape object
LSLIB Maintains libraries of landscape objects
LSNEW Adds realistic landscape items, such as trees and bushes, to your drawings
LTSCALE Sets the linetype scale factor
LWEIGHT Sets the current lineweight, lineweight display options, and lineweight units
MMASSPROP Calculates and displays the mass properties of regions or solids
MATCHPROP Copies the properties from one object to one or more objects
MATLIB Imports and exports materials to and from a library of materials
MEASURE Places point objects or blocks at measured intervals on an object
MENU Loads a menu file

MENULOAD Loads partial menu files
MENUUNLOAD Unloads partial menu files
MINSERT Inserts multiple instances of a block in a rectangular array
MIRROR Creates a mirror image copy of objects
MIRROR3D Creates a mirror image of objects about a plane
MLEDIT Edits multiple parallel lines
MLINE Creates multiple parallel lines
MLSTYLE Defines a style for multiple parallel lines
MODEL Switches from a layout tab to the Model tab and makes it current
MOVE Displaces objects a specified distance in a specified direction
MSLIDE Creates a slide file of the current viewport in model space, or of all viewports in paper space
MSPACE Switches from paper space to a model space viewport
MTEXT Creates multiline text
MULTIPLE Repeats the next command until canceled
MVIEW Creates floating viewports and turns on existing floating viewports
MVSETUP Sets up the specifications of a drawing
N
NEW Creates a new drawing file
OOFFSET Creates concentric circles, parallel lines, and parallel curves
OLELINKS Updates, changes, and cancels existing OLE links
OLESCALE Displays the OLE Properties dialog box
OOPS Restores erased objects
OPEN Opens an existing drawing file
OPTIONS Customizes the AutoCAD settings
ORTHO Constrains cursor movement
OSNAP ets object snap modes
p
PAGESETUP Specifies the layout page, plotting device, paper size, and settings for each new layout
PAN Moves the drawing display in the current viewport
PARTIALOAD Loads additional geometry into a partially opened drawing
PARTIALOPEN Loads geometry from a selected view or layer into a drawing
PASTEBLOCK Pastes a copied block into a new drawing
PASTECLIP Inserts data from the Clipboard

PASTEORIG Pastes a copied object in a new drawing using the coordinates from the original drawing
PASTESPEC Inserts data from the Clipboard and controls the format of the data
PCINWIZARD Displays a wizard to import PCP and PC2 configuration file plot settings into the Model tab or current layout
PEDIT Edits polylines and three-dimensional polygon meshes
PFACE Creates a three-dimensional polyface mesh vertex by vertex
PLAN Displays the plan view of a user coordinate system
PLINE Creates two-dimensional polylines
PLOT Plots a drawing to a plotting device or file
PLOTSTYLE Sets the current plot style for new objects, or the assigned plot style for selected objects
PLOTTERMANAGER Displays the Plotter Manager, where you can launch the Add-a-Plotter wizard and the Plotter Configuration Editor
POINT Creates a point object
POLYGON Creates an equilateral closed polyline
PREVIEW Shows how the drawing will look when it is printed or plotted
PROPERTIES Controls properties of existing objects
PROPERTIESCLOSE Closes the Properties window
PSDRAG Controls the appearance of a PostScript image as it is dragged into position with PSIN
PSETUPIN Imports a user-defined page setup into a new drawing layout
PSFILL Fills a two-dimensional polyline outline with a PostScript pattern
PSIN Imports a PostScript file
PSOUT Creates an encapsulated PostScript file
PSPACE Switches from a model space viewport to paper space
PURGE Removes unused named objects, such as blocks or layers, from the drawing database
QQDIM Quickly creates a dimension
QLEADER Quickly creates a leader and leader annotation
QSAVE Quickly saves the current drawing
QSELECT Quickly creates selection sets based on filtering criteria
QTEXT Controls the display and plotting of text and attribute objects
QUIT Exits AutoCAD
RAY Creates a semi-infinite line
RECOVER Repairs a damaged drawing
RECTANG Draws a rectangular polyline
REDEFINE Restores AutoCAD internal commands overridden by UNDEFINE
REDO Reverses the effects of the previous UNDO or U command

REDRAW Refreshes the display in the current viewport
REDRAWALL Refreshes the display in all viewports
REFCLOSE Saves back or discards changes made during in-place editing of a reference (an xref or a block)
REFEDIT Selects a reference for editing
REFSET Adds or removes objects from a working set during in-place editing of a reference (an xref or a block)
REGEN Regenerates the drawing and refreshes the current viewport
REGENALL Regenerates the drawing and refreshes all viewports
REGENAUTO Controls automatic regeneration of a drawing
REGION Creates a region object from a selection set of existing objects
REINIT Reinitializes the digitizer, digitizer input/output port, and program parameters file
RENAME Changes the names of objects
RENDER Creates a photorealistic or realistically shaded image of a three-dimensional wireframe or solid model
RENDSCR Redisplays the last rendering created with the RENDER command
REPLAY Displays a BMP, TGA, or TIFF image
RESUME Continues an interrupted script
REVOLVE Creates solids by revolving two-dimensional objects about an axis
REVSURF Creates a revolved surface about a selected axis
RMAT Manages rendering materials
ROTATE Moves objects about a base point
ROTATE3D Moves objects about a three-dimensional axis
RPREF Sets rendering preferences
RSCRIPT Creates a script that repeats continuously
RULESURF Creates a ruled surface between two curves
SAVE Saves the drawing under the current file name or a specified name
SAVEAS Saves an unnamed drawing with a file name or renames the current drawing
SAVEIMG Saves a rendered image to a file
SCALE Enlarges or reduces selected objects equally in the X, Y, and Z directions
SCENE Manages scenes in model space

SCRIPT Executes a sequence of commands from a script
SECTION Uses the intersection of a plane and solids to create a region
SELECT Places selected objects in the Previous selection set
SETUV Maps materials onto objects
SETVAR Lists or changes the values of system variables
SHADEMODE Shades the objects in the current viewport
SHAPE Inserts a shape
SHELL Accesses operating system commands
SHOWMAT Lists the material type and attachment method for a selected object
SKETCH Creates a series of freehand line segments
SLICE Slices a set of solids with a plane
SNAP Restricts cursor movement to specified intervals
SOLDRAW Generates profiles and sections in viewports created with SOLVIEW
SOLID Creates solid-filled polygons
SOLIDEDIT Edits faces and edges of 3D solid objects
SOLPROF Creates profile images of three-dimensional solids
SOLVIEW Creates floating viewports using orthographic projection to lay out multi- and sectional view drawings of 3D solid and body objects while in a layout
SPELL Checks spelling in a drawing
SPHERE Creates a three-dimensional solid sphere
SPLINE Creates a quadratic or cubic spline (NURBS) curve
SPLINEDIT Edits a spline object
STATS Displays rendering statistics
STATUS Displays drawing statistics, modes, and extents
STLOUT Stores a solid in an ASCII or binary file
STRETCH Moves or stretches objects
STYLE Creates or modifies named styles and sets the current style for text in your drawing
STYLESMANAGER Displays the Plot Style Manager
SUBTRACT Creates a composite region or solid by subtraction
SYSWINDOWS Arranges windows
TABLET Calibrates, configures, and turns on and off an attached digitizing tablet
TABSURF Creates a tabulated surface from a path curve and a direction vector
TEXT Displays text on screen as it is entered
TEXTSCR Opens the AutoCAD text window

TIME Displays the date and time statistics of a drawing
TOLERANCE Creates geometric tolerances
TOOLBAR Displays, hides, and customizes toolbars
TORUS Creates a donut-shaped solid
TRACE Creates solid lines
TRANSPARENCY Controls whether background pixels in an image are transparent or opaque
TREESTAT Displays information about the drawing's current spatial index
TRIM Trims objects at a cutting edge defined by other objects
U
U Reverses the most recent operation
UCS Manages user coordinate systems
UCSICON Controls the visibility and placement of the UCS icon
UCSMAN Manages defined user coordinate systems
UNDEFINE Allows an application-defined command to override an internal AutoCAD command
UNDO Reverses the effect of commands
UNION Creates a composite region or solid by addition
UNITS Controls coordinate and angle display formats and determines precision
V
VBAIDE Displays the Visual Basic Editor
VBALOAD Loads a global VBA project into the current AutoCAD session
VBAMAN Loads, unloads, saves, creates, embeds, and extracts VBA projects
VBARUN Runs a VBA macro
VBASTMT Executes a VBA statement on the AutoCAD command line
VBAUNLOAD Unloads a global VBA project
VIEW Saves and restores named views
VIEWRES Sets the resolution for objects in the current viewport
VLISP Displays the Visual LISP interactive development environment (IDE)
VPCLIP Clips viewport objects
VPLAYER Sets layer visibility within viewports
VPOINT Sets the viewing direction for a three-dimensional visualization of the drawing
VPORTS Divides the drawing area into multiple tiled or floating viewports
VSLIDE Displays an image slide file in the current viewport

W
WBLOCK Writes objects or a block to a new drawing file
WEDGE Creates a 3D solid with a sloped face tapering along the X axis
WHOHAS Displays ownership information for opened drawing files
WMFIN Imports a Windows metafile<
WMFOPTS Sets options for WMFIN
WMFOUT Saves objects to a Windows metafile
span style="font-size:180%;">x
XATTACH Attaches an external reference to the current drawing
XBIND Binds dependent symbols of an xref to a drawing
XCLIP Defines an xref or block clipping boundary and sets the front or back clipping planes
XLINE Creates an infinite line
XPLODE Breaks a compound object into its component objects
XREF Controls external references to drawing files
ZZOOM Increases or decreases the apparent size of objects in the current viewport

VASTU SASTRA IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

2012-02-23T22:13:00.002-08:00

Vastu Shastra is the scientific study of directions that creates equilibrium by balancing the different elements of nature and using them for the benefit of humans. There is a great importance of Vastu Shastra in our life, as it paves way for happiness and prosperity to knock our doors. Vastu is very rational in the sense that it is based on scientific study and not on assumptions. Also there is surety about its permanency, as it takes into consideration the directions, which are static. Read further to know why Vastu should be followed…

Talking about Vastu, the best part is that, its guidelines are very simple and easy to follow. It can be applied to virtually all sets of constructions, then be it a house, a particular room, temple, commercial complex, industry etc. Vastu extracts the positive energies of the five natural forces of nature, like solar energy of sun, lunar energy of moon, wind energy, magnetic effects of earth etc and balances them to bring harmony in the life of mankind. Consult a good Vastu expert and follow the advice sincerely and then open your arms to receive good luck, health and wealth.

Vastu as Science

Vastu is the scientific study of directions, which aims at utilizing the natural energies that are available free of cost, for the benefit of humans, by creating an equilibrium between man and material. Vastu science extracts the positive energy from the natural elements of the universe, namely, earth, water, air, sun and sky. Read further to know about Vastu as science…

Vastu is an old practice that was evolved by learned men of the past, for the welfare of mankind. It is a vast field of study that lays down certain principles, paving way for good health, wealth and prosperity to enter our gateway. The five elements of nature, on which the science of Vastu is based, are:

Sun: sun is one of the most important elements of nature, on which our very survival is dependent. It is a source of heat and light and therefore has a lot of significance in the Vastu study.
Air: air, being the source of oxygen, acts as the life savor for living beings. The comfort level of living beings is dependant upon different things like airflow, air temperature, its pressure, humidity level etc; therefore air is one of the most powerful sources of our survival.
Earth: in India, earth is given the status of mother. It is the source of existence of landform, landscape, flora and fauna. The gravitational force and magnetic effects of Earth have an effect on living beings.
Water: it is an essential element for the existence of all life forms.

Sky: it consists of not just our solar system but also the galaxy.

Origin of Vastu

These days, the concept of consulting Vastu expert for creating peaceful settings at home and workplace, has gained popularity. This architectural scientific study of directions, more popularly known as Vastu is not new. In fact it has its origin in the Stapatya Veda, a part of the Atharva Veda. Thus, the origin of Vastu study can be said to have taken place thousands of years ago. It is interesting to explore facts about Vaasthu origin. Read further to know about Vaastu shastra history…

The early principles of Vastu were framed on the basis of observation of the sunrays at different durations during the day. Vastu study has incorporated the principles of sculptures, construction and architecture, as were described in the epics. One can find its mention in different epics like Mataysya Purana, Skanda Purana, Agni Purana, Garuda Purana, and Vishnu Purana. References can also be found in the Mahabharata; of different houses built for the kings, which were constructed following Vaastu guidelines. Even Buddhist literature makes numerous mentions of different buildings based on Vaasthu. It has become a tradition of passing the knowledge of Vastu shashtra from one generation to another.

Vastu for Plot Selection

In the contemporary times, the trend is of consulting a Vastu expert, while selecting a plot, irrespective of the fact that you want to use the plot for residential or commercial construction. Vastu for plot selection goes a long way in keeping away the negative energies, leading to problems of health and finance. Vaasthu advice for plot selection is based on the study of multiple factors like direction of the site, type of soil on the site and many more.

Here are some Vaastu tips for selecting a plot:

Choose a plot that doesn't have an irregular shape. Square or rectangle shape plot is considered good.
Avoid buying a plot having cracks.
A plot that has more length in the east west direction is good for purchasing purpose.
Vastu does not advice the buying of such a plot that has more of open space in southern portion as compared to the northern side, as it is likely to cause some sort of destruction.
It is advisable to buy a plot that has the main entrance in the mid-west or in the northern portion of the plot.
It is not recommended to buy a plot facing the west direction.

Vastu for Home

The term Vastu, meaning a dwelling place, was initially used to refer to the homes of gods and human beings. But now the scope of this study has expanded to the extent of including almost all types of constructions, then be it a plot, commercial complex, industry, shop/showroom or spiritual place like temple. These days, it has become a trend of consulting a Vastu expert for residential Vastu.
Here are some Vastu tips for house:

The best direction for master bedroom construction is southwest, while for other rooms; central, southern and central west directions are appropriate.
If you wish to construct a bedroom in the northwest direction, then prefer using it as a guest room or as a room for daughters.
Southeast direction is not right for bedroom purpose.
For children's room, the perfect direction is west or north. Place their study tables in the northern or eastern corner of the room and make sure that while your kids are studying, they should be facing east direction.
Avoid sleeping with your head facing north side of your room.
Green color is recommended to be used for wall painting in the study room, as it enhances intelligence.
For prayer room, yellow or sandal wall color is just perfect.
For placing TV or computer in the living room, southeast corner is just right.

Vastu for Drawing Room

Here are some Vaastu tips for drawing room:

The north direction is ideal for the construction of drawing room.
As per Vastu for drawing room, it is advisable to keep square or rectangle shape furniture.
Southern and western corners of the room are perfect for placing the furniture.
As per the Vaasthu advice for drawing rooms, there should more of open space in the northern and eastern corners.
The perfect place for placing sofa lies in northwest.
TV can be kept in the southeast direction and showcase cum almarih in the southwest corner.
Seating arrangement for the guests should be done in such a manner that the guests face southern or western direction.
Center table can be in the shape of square, rectangle or even round.
Avoid placing L shape sofa in your drawing room.

Vastu for Dining Room

Vastu for dining room makes sure that the food you are eating will have positive effects on you and your family. There are plenty of things that are required to be considered, while giving the right Vaasthu remedies for dining room like the proper location of dining room, proper placement of dining table, position of electronic gadgets, the direction you are facing while eating food etc.

Here are some Vastu tips for dining room:

The ideal location for the construction of dining room is the West portion of the house.
Construction should be done in such a manner that the dining room and kitchen both are on the same floor, lying adjacent to each other.
Square or rectangle shape dining table is just perfect for the room.
Dining table should not be sticking to the wall.
The most suitable wall colors for the room are the shades of pink and orange.
If you want to place a fridge in the dining room, then southeast direction would be just apt.

If you want to make provision for the fitting of washbasin in your dining room, then the right place would be either eastern or northern corner.

Vastu for Children Room

Here are some Vastu tips for children's room:

The apt direction for constructing children's room is west. North or East directions can also be used for constructing kids’ room.
Vastu for children room suggests that a married couple should not use East direction bedroom. There is no problem if an unmarried child uses that room.
Bed can be placed in the southwest corner.
As a part of Vastu guidelines for children room, it is recommended to avoid placing the mirror just on the opposite side of the bed.
Don't place the furniture sticking to the wall, as it obstructs the flow of positive energy.
The study desk should be placed in such a manner that the child faces eastern, northern or northeastern corner while studying. East is the most appropriate direction, as it paves way for enhanced concentration.
Avoid placing the electronic gadgets like TV and Computer in the kids' bedroom. But still if you wish to install one, then for computer, the right place is Southeast corner and for TV, Northwest corner would be fine.

Vastu for Bedroom

Vastu for bedroom takes into consideration different determinants to ensure harmony in the house. A couple of things that become important to be considered, while constructing and designing bedrooms are: proper location, proper placement of bed, color scheme of the room, the direction and placement of doors, windows, furniture, electronic gadgets so that things are properly arranged.

Here are some Vastu tips for bedroom:

For ensuring peace in the house, the main bedroom should be constructed in the South direction.
While sleeping, make sure that everyone sleeps with his or her head pointing towards the South corner. North direction should be completely avoided, as it acts as a source of nightmares and disturbed sleep.
Avoid placing the divine idols in the bedroom.
As a part of Vastu guidelines for bedroom, if you want to have a bookshelf in your bedroom, then west or southwest corner is apt for this purpose.
For constructing the master bedroom, southwest direction is just perfect. Other bedrooms can be constructed on the eastern or northern side of the master bedroom.
Square and rectangle shape bedrooms are just perfect for ensuring peace and prosperity.

Vastu for Bathroom

Here are some Vastu tips for bathroom:For bathroom construction, the most appropriate location lies in the eastern portion of the house.

There must be a provision for proper lighting and cross ventilation.
As a part of Vastu remedies for bathroom, it is suggested that the geyser should be placed in the Southeast corner.
Drainage system should be in the northeast direction. Therefore, it is advised that the taps and showers should be fixed on the northern side.
As per Vastu for bathroom, the door should not be in the southwest direction of the bathroom.
For keeping the washing machine, the suitable directions are southeast and northwest.

Vastu for Kitchen

Vastu for kitchen takes into consideration various things, which when properly placed, pave way for safety in the kitchen. Some of the essential determinants considered are: proper location of the kitchen, direction and placement of doors and windows, placement of cooking gas, gas cylinder, sink, refrigerator and other electronic gadgets etc so that the things are properly arranged.

Here are some Vastu tips for kitchen:

The ideal place for the location of kitchen is the southeast corner. An alternative choice can be the northwest corner of the house.
As per the Vastu remedies for kitchen, certain directions, which are a total no for the construction of the kitchen, are: Northeast, mid-north, mid-west, southwest mid-south or the center.
Make sure that the cooking platform does not touch eastern or northern side wall.
The best direction for cooking is facing east, as this direction is considered to be auspicious.
No shelf should be placed above the cooking platform.
Refrigerator can be placed on the northwest corner in the kitchen.

While constructing the kitchen, make adequate provision for cross ventilation

SELECTION OF SITE

Several things need careful consideration while going in for construction of a building. The most important of all these is selecting the right plot or site. Sand and its surroundings bring peace and harmony or pains and sorrows in life. Thus it is always advisable to consult an expert on Vastu Shastra before buying a plot or purchasing a house, flat or other buildings instead of calling him in at a later stage to design the building, do supervision and other work. By the time the damage would have already been done.

FROM WHOM NOT TO BUY A PLOT

According to Vastu Shastra, a plot or site of land should not be purchased

1)         From those who became insolvent

2)         From person suffering from leprosy

3)         From lunatics

4)         From people who have left the country, etc.

Similarly, land donated to temple, alloted to watchman of village or colony, land in possession of charitable trusts, land without any title deed should not be purchased. Land containing boulders, ant hills, worm hills, bones and skeleton etc, should not be acquired.

DIRECTION OF THE PLOT

· Plot facing East is good for scholars, philosophers, priests, professors, teachers

* Plot facing North is good for those in power, administration and those who work for government.

* Plot facing South is good for business class and for those who work in business organization.

* Plot facing West is for those who provide supporting services to the society.

ENVIRONMENT OR SURROUNDINGS OF THE PLOT

This is most important. If the surroundings are not good, we suffer in many ways.

Plots which are fertile with plants and greeneries are very good.

* A river or big canal nearby and if it is in North side and water flows from West to East, it is good.
   Similarly if it is on East side of the plot with water flowing from South to North, that is also good.
   But plots with rivers or canal flowing on West or South side of the plot should be avoided.

* Hills, hillocks, mounds of Earth, big boulders etc on the Southern, South West and Western sides of
   the plot is good : in other sides, it will mar the progress.

* There should be no graveyard, cemetry or tomb adjacent to the plot or in front or back.

* Location of temples near the plot also affect the immates. Temple on the right side of a plot cause
   material loss, on the left, grief and sorrow, in front, obstruction to progress and in the 100 feet
   apart, those disastrous result are avoided.

* Similarly plot very near to Cinema-theatres, schools and colleages are to be avoided.

OBSTRUCTION IN FRONT OF MAIN GATE OF PLOT

If there are obstructions of the undernoted types before main gate of the plot, following problems will arise as per BRAHUSANHITHA.

1. Big Tree-obstruction to the progress of children,

2. Gutter or Ditch-grief,

3. Open well- mental problem,

4. Corner of another building-mental unrest,

5. Water drain-draining of income by unwanted expenses,

6. Straight street-affecting longivity of inmates,

7. Dilapitated house or walls-affecting prosperity,

8. Staircase railings-sadness,

9. Pillars; Electric and telephone post-affecting females.

According to VASTURAJ VALLABH and BRAHUSANHITA these are called VEDH DOSHA. But in between the plot and obstacles if there is a public road, these deficiencies are nullified.

Similarly, if the distance between the obstacles and the house is two times the height of the house, these deficiencies will have no effect. For example, if the height of the house is 11 feet and if the obstructions are more than 22 feet away, Vedh Dosha vanishes.

SORROUNDINGS OF NEIGHBOURS

The surroundings of our neighbouring houses on all sides also affect us.

· Rain water falling from the roofs of neighbours should not flow into our plot particularly from North or East direaction.

· The affluent of neighbour should not flow into our plot.

· In the North East side of the plot high-rise or tall buildings should not be there because such high rise buildings give rise to mental unrest. But if they are in South, South West or Western sides that will be auspicious to the buyer of the new plot or house.

SOME OTHER RELATED TOPICS

Q. What are the factors to be kept in view while preparing the building Map of Exteriors ?

A. Proportion of width and length of the building :

The ratio between length and breadth of the building should normally be 1:1 or 1:1.5 or maximum
1:2. It should not exceed 1:2 in all circumstances. The building dimension should preferably be longer in North-South, shorter in East-West.

GROUND LEVEL :

Ground level should be higher in West, SouthWest and South as compaired to East, North and NorthEast. It is better to keep NorthEast the lowest.

FLOOR LEVEL :

Floor level should be higher in South, SouthWest, SouthEast and Western portion and lower in North, NorthEast and East. The water should flow towards East or North and not in other directions. Central zone should be even.

ROOFING:

It is better to keep roofing sloping towards East and North.

SLOPY ROOFS / SLANTING ROOFS :

Now a days it has become a fashion to keep roofs deeply slopy :

(1.) Keeping the roofs slopy symmetrically in all sides : or
(2.) If the slope is on East or North sides only, keeping the East or North or both sides down. The idea
is to keep South and West heights in level. Slanting towards South or West only should be avoided as that will lead to serious health problems.

BUILDING HEIGHT :

There are two options :
(1.) Height can be equal every where in the building.
(2.) Keeping South, SouthWest and West higher as compared to other parts of the building.
Conversely North, NorthEast and East should be lower in heights.

TERRACE / PORTICO / PORCH / BALCONIES :

All these should be located only in North, East and NorthEast sides of the building to bring health, wealth and happiness. Balconies should face North and East.

MEZZANINE FLOOR : ( a projected floor in between ground and first floor as seen in Cinema
theatres)
This should be placed in West or South side of the building.

CELLARS / BASEMENT :

Normally building cellars and basement rooms etc. below the road level of a house should be avoided. Due to paucity of space now a days building cellars or basement is being widely adopted. Care should be taken to keep the height of the cellar or basement projecting up above the road level to some extent. Cellars or basement covering the entire plot is all right. If it is to be constructed only in a portion of basement it should be located only in North, NorthEast and East sides preferably with entrance from NorthEast. If constructed on SouthWest that should be used for heavy storage. NorthWest and SouthWest portion should be used for servants, car parking etc.

If cellars or basement are built in South, SouthWest and West and used for living that will create mental tension and loss of wealth for inmates.

STAIR CASE:

Placing stair case in North or West zone turning right in the middle and emerging in the first floor facing East or South or SouthWest zone is also auspicious. While climbing one should face West or South up to middle point and after that one can face any direction; emerging at the end at NorthEast portion is considered auspicious.

It will be auspicious to keep doors both at beginning and at the end of the stair case. It is also essential to ensure that the stair case does not touch Eastern or Northern wall.
The steps should be in odd numbers like 11, 17, 23 etc. In other words, if the number is divided by 3, the remainder.

SERVANT QUARTERS :

The best place to construct servant quarter is South-East or North-West corners. Care should be taken to ensure (i) not to block the corners at SouthEast or NorthWest. (ii) the quarters should not touch the walls on East or North.

GARAGE FOR CARS:

The best place for garage is South-East or North-West and the garage walls should not touch the walls on East or North.

CHOWKI OR SECURITY CABIN OR GUARD'S ROOM :

A regular concrete shelter or alternatively a wooden chowki is made in South-West or other place near main gate. The shelter should be facing East or North. It is important to ensure that the watchman can easily see every movement from a distance itself.

OVER HEAD TANKS:

North-West or South-West zones are the right places for overhead tank. Since it is of having weight at a height, South-West is the best. Precaution should be taken to ensure that the overhead tank does not touch the main building.

UNDER GROUND RESERVIOR OR WATER TANK :

The right place for underground reservior or water tank is the NorthEast, the place of Eshwar, the God Supreme. The next choice is East Zone on the Northern side.

SWIMMING POOL :

The best place to locate a swimming pool is the NorthEast side. It is better to build the swimming pool in a corner ( and not exactly at junction of North and East points ) where privacy is ensured.

WATER CLOSETS OR LAVATORY :

For this Southern or Western side should be used. South-West or North-West corners and central place of the house or building should never be used for this purpose. If possible Eastern and Northern side should also be avoided. The person sitting in water closets should face North or South or South-West and never the East Direction.

TREES :

Vastu concepts regarding the plants and their plantation must be kept in mind so as to make your home not just superficially beautiful, but also Vastu oriented. As a general rule, gardens in homes or factories should always be in the North or West and of the compound. The South-East and South-West are not to be selected for any kind of garden or plantation. Fruit bearing trees or trees with good foliage are always preferred to thorny trees. Care should be taken not to grow trees which have huge penetrating roots as it can prove harmful for the house.

OUTER GATES :

Generally gates in North, North-East and East directions are auspicious and good. Roadfacing South is not generally preferred. In South road plots, SouthWest gate should be avoided. South-East gate is a better choice. In a plot facing West (road on Western side) SouthWest main entrance gate should be avoided; NorthWest gate is a better option. East or North direction is the best for placing main gate.

HEIGHT :

Height of the building should be uniform to get the most advantageous results. There must be uniformity among projections or elevations. The higher or lower level of the building in any of the eight directionshas the following effects as given in Shastras :

DIRECTION	LOWER	HIGHER
1. North	Brings good, comfort and prosperity	Harmful in every sense
2. NorthEast	All prosperity benefits	Poverty and sufferings
3. SouthEast	If lower than Nairitya, it is auspicious, but if lower than Vayaya or Eeshan, fear of fire and enemy and breeds ill.	If higher than Nairitya, it is inauspicious, if higher than Eeshan or Vayaya, it brings wealth.
4. East	Name and fame, long life	Loss of children
5. South	Diseases, loss of wealth and brings economic difficulties	Economic and health benefits

CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

Doors of each room should be facing East.
Bedrooms should be in South and West.
Placement of mirrors on South and West wall are inauspicious.
While sleeping head should be in South or West but never in North.
Pooja room should be in North East. All idols and photographs should be facing East or West.
Toilet seat should be in North-South only. It should not be in East-West.
Out houses should not touch the compound wall of North and East side.
Stairs should always be in clock-wise direction.
Anything underground should be in North or East.
Anything above ground should be in South or West.
Porch should not touch the North or East compound wall.
Big trees should not be grown in North or East. They should be in South or West side of the house.
Face East or North while reading or transacting any business deal.
Face East while cooking, West is allowed if there is no alternative, but never face South while cooking.
Total number of doors and windows should be in even number for each floor, but should not end in zero like 10, 20, 30. The width of the door should be half the height of the door. The door should not be too high, too low, too wide or too narrow. The doors should be rectangular and square doors should always be avoided.
Ventilation should be looked after and good cross ventilation should be present.
Never put the poster of crying girl, war scene, sexy scenes, angry man, owl, eagle etc : they are inauspicious.
Doors should open inside the room and not outside.
In bed rooms, always use bed of four legs only. Never use box type bed because it stops the air circulation under the bed which is bad for health.
Never eat or drink in standing position.
No room should be built under the stairs.
The cupboard in the wall should be in the Southern or Western part direction of the house.
In thse kitchen, grinder, fridge, shelf and other heavy items should be towards South and West wall.

There should be no water body in front of any entrance door of the house.

GETTING RID OF SHALYA DOSH (Soil Deficiency)

If the soil is found defective as above it must be purified or cleansed before starting any construction in the plot. Shastras have laid many ways for getting rid of SHALYA DOSH.

SLOPES OF PLOTS

Slope, size, shape, direction, proportion, location of openings, sorroundings, etc. of a plot have significant influence both positive and negative, on the inmates of building constructed on it. According to Vastu Shastra the shape of the ground surface also influences the fortune of the occupants. As a rule the plot should be elevated in South and West directions, sloping (declining) towards East and North so that water flows from West to East and from South to North. This type of plot brings joy and happiness, good children and all the success in life to the occupants of the building erected on it. According to Shastras a plot is divided into two parts like this : - - -

The Moon's place that is South Western portion of the plot should be elevated and the Sun's place, that is North and Eastern portion should be at lower level. Such a plot will bring joy and happiness, good children and success in life to that family. On the other hand, if Sun's place is elevated and Moon's place is depressed, the owner and family of that house will become poorer day by day, suffer from diseases and get entangled in quarrels and litigations and lose everything gradually. Following diagram shows the effects of slope, that is low level or depression at each corner.

The slope towards mid point, that is all sides elevated but mid point depressed means continuously fighting with diseases and losing every thing. If only Southern direction remains high leveled, it will bring bad effects. Sometimes even death will result.

There are several permutations and combinations of steep and low levels in different directions with varying effects. A Vastu consultant will be of real help in selecting the right plot for size.

Another important point to be kept in view is that the plot should not be too high or too low in level to the abutting roads.

Conclusion

Thus we see that constructing the residential buildings not only as per the engineering ethics but s per the Vastu Shastras as well, we can fell to be ‘in our own home’. At the same time it helps to maintain a good distance from the evil dares and evil attacks that we often fear to encounter with. So, constructing buildings by rules of Vastu Shastra keeps us far away from bad practices but sometimes can create problems when the orientation of the plot is not fit for all the required criterias.

References

www.wikipedia .com/vastu+sashtra
www.iloveindia.com/vastu+sashtra

INSTRUCTION TO WRITE IN NEPALI UNICODE

2012-02-23T01:16:00.000-08:00

If you have questions or need help or want to place this Unicode textbox on your website, please go to: www.unicodenepali.com.केही प्रश्न भए वा मद्दत चाहिएमा वा यस्तै यूनिकोड टाईप गर्ने सुबिधा तपाईंको वेवसाइट मा पनि राख्नको लागि कृपया www.unicodenepali.com मा जानुहोस्

।... ... ... To toggle between Unicode Nepali and Roman/English mode, please press Ctrl+U. |पद्दति अङ्रेजी भए नेपालीमा र नेपाली भए अङ्रेजीमा बदल्नको लागि Ctrl र U लाई एकैपल्ट दबाउनु होस् । Did you know that you can mix basic conversion with smart conversion? Simply put any text you want to perform basic conversion on inside the square [] brackets. Example: kathmandu [kathmandu] = काठमाडौं कथ्मन्दु | के तपाईंलाई थाहा छ, तपाईंले चलाख र मूलभूत परिवर्तन लाई मिसाउन पनि सक्नुहुन्छ । त्यसका लागि मूलभूत परिवर्तन गर्नु पर्ने शब्दहरुलाई ठूलो ब्राकेट [] भित्र राख्नुहोस् । उदाहरण: kathmandu [kathmandu] = काठमाडौं कथ्मन्दु ... You can also mix English into your Nepali text. Simply put any text you want to keep in English inside the curly {} brackets. Example: yo {software} tapailai kasto lagyo ta? = यो software तपाईंलाई कस्तो लाग्यो त? | तपाईंले नेपाली र अङ्रेजी लाई पनि मिसाउन सक्नुहुन्छ । त्यसका लागि, Ctrl र U लाई एकैपल्ट दबाउनु होस् अङ्रेजी राख्नुपर्ने शब्दहरुलाई जुङे ब्राकेट {} भित्र राख्नुहोस् । उदाहरण: yo {software} tapailai kasto lagyo ta? = यो software तपाईंलाई कस्तो लाग्यो त? | More tips... If a letter gets wrongly evaluated with the next letter, use the slash (/) key to separate. Example: pratishatko = प्रतिशत्को, pratishat/ko = प्रतिशतको | थप सन्देशहरु... कुनै शब्द त्रुटिपूर्ण रुपमा अर्को शब्दसँग मिसिन पुग्यो भने, छुट्याउनका लागि slash (/) अक्षर प्रयोग गर्नुहोस् । उदाहरण: pratishatko = प्रतिशत्को, pratishat/ko = प्रतिशतको | To force a हलन्त at the end of a word, use the backslash (\) key. Example: bas = बस, bas\ = बस् | शब्दको अन्त्यमा हलन्त राख्नको लागि backslash (\) अक्षर प्रयोग गर्नुहोस् । Example: bas = बस, bas\ = बस् | Mapping of the phonetically similar letters: ta = त, Ta = ट, tha = थ, Tha = ठ, da = द, Da = ड, dha = ध, Dha = ढ, na = न, Na = ण, sha = श, Sha = ष ... उस्तै सुनिने अक्षरहरुको लागि यसरी टाईप गर्नुहोस्: ta = त, Ta = ट, tha = थ, Tha = ठ, da = द, Da = ड, dha = ध, Dha = ढ, na = न, Na = ण, sha = श, Sha = ष ... The case (upper or lower) doesn't matter for the rest of the letters. | अरु अक्षरहरुको लागि ठुलोवर्ण वा सानोवर्ण जसरी टाईप गर्नु भए पनि हुन्छ । | Mapping of the special letters: ri^ = ्रि (as in प्रि), rr = र्‍ (as in गर्‍यो) , rri = ऋ, rree = ॠ, yna = ञ , chha = छ, ksha = क्ष, gyna = ज्ञ, * = अनुस्वर (as in संबिधान), ** = चन्द्रबिन्दु (as in यहाँ), om = ॐ ... अन्य बिशेष अक्षरहरुको लागि यसरी टाईप गर्नुहोस्: ri^ = ्रि (जस्तो: प्रि), rr = र्‍ (जस्तो: गर्‍यो) , rri = ऋ, rree = ॠ, yna = ञ , chha = छ, ksha = क्ष, gyna = ज्ञ, * = अनुस्वर (जस्तो: संबिधान), ** = चन्द्रबिन्दु (जस्तो: यहाँ), om = ॐ ... For a complete map, click here... | पूर्णरुपमा बिस्तृत तालिकाको लागि माथिको 'मद्दत पाना' लिंकमा क्लिक गर्नुहोस्... ... To pause or resume this ticker, please click here. यी सन्देश हरुलाई बन्द गर्न वा चलाऊन यहाँ क्लिक गर्नुहोस् । पूर्णबिरमको लागि . टाईप गर्नुहोला (full stop)

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