INSIDE SCIENCE

What is yoga?

2022-03-29T15:14:00.003+05:30

Often associated with Hinduism, yoga actually is older. It is the oldest physical discipline in existence. The exact origins of yoga are unknown, but it is thought to be at least five thousand years old. The earliest evidence of yoga practice can be traced back to about 3000 B.C. The original purpose of the postures and breathing exercises was to bring stability and relaxation so practitioners could prepare for the rigors of meditation, sitting still and alert for long periods of time.

The word yoga has its roots in the Sanskrit language and means to merge join or unite. Yoga is a form of exercise based on the belief that the body and breath are intimately connected with the mind. By controlling the breath and holding the body in steady poses, or asana, yoga creates harmony. Yoga is a means of balancing and harmonizing the body, mind and emotions and is a tool that allows us to withdraw from the chaos of the world and find a quiet space within. To achieve this, yoga uses movement, breath, posture, relaxation and meditation in order to establish a healthy, vibrant and balanced approach to living.

Modern scholars have defined yoga as the classical Indian science that concerns itself with the search for the soul and the union between the individual, whose existence is finite, and the Divine, which is infinite.

Yoga is one of the original concepts which today would be labelled as holistic. That means that the body is related to the breath; both are related to the brain; in turn this links with the mind, which is a part of consciousness.

The essence of yoga is to be in the driver's seat of life. Control is a key aspect of yoga: control of the body, breath and mind.

The secret of yoga practice lies in a simple but important word: balance. In every area of our life, yoga represents balanced moderation.

11 Biggest Facts About Comets

2021-03-10T14:17:00.007+05:30

What Are Comets (comet facts)

What we know about comets is that comets are small solar system bodies and they are usually made up of dust, ice and rock particles. These things are key to its nucleus. Observing comets has been a very special place in astronomy. Therefore, in astronomy, comets are divided into several parts: Short Period Comets and Long Period Comets. The orbits of almost all comets are highly eccentric, rising towards the sun and getting hot due to solar radiation and solar winds, from which we can see gas tails. What we know as comet tails, but this process is called outgassing. By the way, it has two tails, a gas tail and a dust tail. Comet tails can sometimes be as long as an astronomical unit.

Short Period Comets (interesting comet facts)

Now let's talk about the features of the Short Period Comet, which originally came from the Kuiper Belt or also from the Scattered Disc. Also called periodic comets, their orbital period can be 200 years or less. At the same time shorter orbital period extreme comets are also present in our solar system. Comet Encke is a good example of this which completes one cycle of the sun every 3.3 years.

Long period comets (facts about comets)

Long period comets have an orbital period of 200 to several thousand years, C / 2006 P1 also known as The Great Comet of 2007 has an orbital period of 92,600 years. The comet, last seen on January 12, 2007, appears to be coming from the Comet Oort Cloud, attracted to the Sun by nearby stars or the gravitational effect of a planet.

Facts About Comets:

1. On March 2, 2004, the European Space Agency launched the Space Probe, which did an amazing job. The Rosetta spacecraft became the first robotic spacecraft to land on a comet. Which landed on Comet 67P / Churyumov-Gerasimenko and studied it in depth and collected samples.

2. But the biggest fact or mystery is that during the mission, the spacecraft captured the radio signals coming from inside the comet. The signal sounded like a musical melody, which is why it was associated with aliens. — facts about space comets

3. This was followed by the launch of a spacecraft called Deep Impact by NASA on January 12, 2005. Deep Impact was designed to study the internal composition of Comet Tempel 1, which collected information about the comet's nucleus by releasing the Impactor inside the comet.— dirty snow balls facts

4. On February 11, 1980, Edward L.G. Bowell discovered C / 1980 E1, considered a non-periodic comet, and was pushed too fast by the gravitational effect as it came too close to the sun. Due to which Comet C / 1980 E1 is leaving our solar system.

5. C/ 1995 01 Comet also known as Hale Bopp is considered to be the most observed comet of the 20th century. This Comet is discovered on July 23, 1995 by Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp.

6. The most famous comet, Halley's Comet, is a short-period comet that is visible on Earth every 75 years, with a radius of only 5.5 kilometres. Discovered by Edmond Halley in 1758, the comet was composed of water, ice, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, etc., and as it approaches the sun, it moves from the solid state to the gas state and forms its tail. — comet facts

7. Halley’s comet has the nearest distance of 87,664,352 kilometres and the farthest distance is 35 astronomical units. With an orbit period of 75 years, it will now appear in our solar system on July 28, 2061. — famous comet facts

8. The Stardust spacecraft launched by NASA on February 7, 1999 and the main work of this spacecraft was similar to its name. The Stardust spacecraft was sent to collect comet tail dust samples from the comet 81P/Wild's coma, which is a dusty cloud. — fun comet facts

9. If you like to know about Comet, you must have heard the name Comet Shoemaker- Levy 9. This comet was discovered by Carolyn, Eugene M. Shoemaker and David Levy. Shoemaker- Levy 9 was a comet that was absorbed by Jupiter in 1994.

10. This is the first time we have had the opportunity to observe an Extra-terrestrial Collision directly in our solar system. The news was very popular at the time and was observed by astronomers around the world. Its radius was only one kilometer and its orbital period was 18 years. But it was captured by Jupiter.

11. The D / 1770 L1, also known as Laxell's Comet, was discovered by Charles Messier in 1770. But later it was classified as a Lost Comet. It was a comet that came to a distance of only 2,200,000 km from the Earth, a comet that had never come so close to the Earth before. Then it is never seen again so it is called Lost Comet.

5 Magnificent Galaxies - Facts & Information

2021-03-07T20:03:00.004+05:30

1. Pinwheel Galaxy

Image source-google | Image by- Singh.kd81 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Pinwheel_Galaxy_-_M101.jpg

Even the name of this galaxy makes it very special. It seems to be one of the most beautiful structures in the universe. It also knows as a name of Messier 101 or M 101. It is a face-on spiral galaxy that is 21 million light years away from us. Pinwheel Galaxy was first discovered in 1781 by Pierre Méchain. Such a structure makes it very special and different from other galaxies. Its properties are very similar to the Andromeda Galaxy.

Facts:

1. A very detailed image of this galaxy was released by the Hubble Space Telescope on February 28, 2006. It was released by NASA and ESA.

2. This galaxy contains many more stars than the Milky Way galaxy. The Pinwheel Galaxy is estimated to have more than a trillion stars, twice as many as our Milky Way galaxy.

3. Scientists estimate that it may contain about 150 globular clusters. The number of globular clusters in our galaxy is about the same.

4. This huge galaxy has a diameter of 170,000 and is also present in the constellation Ursa Major.

2. Triangulum Galaxy

This spiral galaxy exists at a distance of about 2.73 million light years from our galaxy, and It is also known as Messier 33.This galaxy is located in the constellation Triangulum. It is not known who discovered it first. But it is estimated that the Triangulum Galaxy was discovered by Italian astronomer Giovanni Battista Hadierna before 1654. Such a structure of this galaxy makes it one of the most amazing galaxies.

Facts:

1. This galaxy is one of the few permanent objects that can be seen with the naked eye despite being so far away from us.

2. According to scientists, this galaxy may have up to 40 billion stars.

3. The Triangulum galaxy is a small spiral galaxy about 60,000 light years in diameter.

4. Messier 33 is the third largest galaxy in the local group of galaxies after the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy.

3. NGC 278

Image source-google | Image by- ESA/Hubble &NASA,D.Leonard https://esahubble.org/images/potw2013a/

The third coming galaxy is also a spiral galaxy. There is no doubt that this seems to be a beautiful work of art in the universe. It is located at a distance of 39 mega light years from our Milky Way galaxy. A mega light-year means 1,000,000 light-years. This galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on December 11, 1786. At the same time this spiral isolated galaxy is actually present in the circumpolar constellation of Cassiopeia. It is also known as UGC 528 and PGC 3051. Its fluffy arms make it very special which is very shiny and due to a dusty nucleus it is difficult to know more about it.

Facts:

1. This galaxy is a small spiral galaxy with a diameter of only 22.80 light-years.

2. Neutral hydrogen in the NGC 278 galaxy spreads over a fairly large portion. It may surprise you that this gas is spread in a diameter five times its size.

3. The nucleus of this galaxy is the H11 region. This region contains ionized interstellar atomic hydrogen.

4. This galaxy is part of the Virgo Super Cluster and may be more than 13 billion years old.

4. NGC 4639

Image source-google | Image by- Donald Pelletier https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NGC_4639_SDSS.jpg

Like NCC 278, the galaxy was discovered by William Herschel on April 12, 1784. Its distance from our Milky Way is about 72 million light-years. This galaxy is part of the Virgo cluster and at the same time morphological classification has given it the status of SAB (rs) bc type galaxy. In morphological classification, astronomers divide galaxies into different parts according to their shape. It is actually a barred spiral galaxy that appears to be one of the most unbelievable galactic objects in the universe because Its creation is very amazing in itself. This galaxy is named after NGC 4639 as well as IRAS 12403 +1331 and VCC 1943.

Facts:

1. NGC 4639 is part of the galaxy Virgo galaxy cluster.

2. This galaxy is present in Virgo constellation.

3. A very supermassive black hole has been discovered in the centre of the VCC 1943 galaxy, the mass of which can be approximately equal to 7.9×106solar masses.

4. Its apparent magnitude is +12.2, despite being 72 million light-years from us.

5. Virgo A

Also known as M87 and Messier 87, this galaxy is a super giant elliptical galaxy. This galaxy exists in the constellation Virgo and was discovered by Charles Messier who was a French astronomer, which was recorded as a nebula at the time. It is 53 million light-years from Earth and M87 is one of the most massive galaxies in the local universe. What make this galaxy special are the jets of very energetic plasma emanating from its core. In addition, the number of globular clusters in this galaxy is very large.

Facts:

1. Plasma jets emanating from the centre of NGC 4486 or Messier 87 extend a distance of about 5,000 light years.

2. The number of stars in it is estimated to be around one trillion.

3. There are 12000 globular clusters in M87.

4. A very supermassive black hole M87 at the centre of this galaxy was photographed by scientists in April 2017.

8 Most Strange & Dangerous Exoplanets

2021-03-06T12:21:00.012+05:30

NASA's Kepler space mission keeps a close eye on thousands of stars at all times, as transit methods are used to search for planets. It has searched many planets so far, its main task is to find Earth-like planets, but in search of this many very strange exoplanets have been discovered. Many of these are also very dangerous exoplanets whose environment can be said to be like hell. In addition, there are some exoplanets that were never expected to be discovered.

1. Kepler -37 b — strange exoplanet

Now let's talk about an exoplanet that is only about the size of Earth's moon. It is named Kepler -37 b. The planet was discovered by astronomers in February 2013. The planet is the smallest exoplanet ever discovered to orbit a main sequence star.

Its main star is G-type main sequence star like sun. It is called a Sub-earth by scientists. It has a distance of 15 million kilometers from its star,

which makes it seem unlikely that it will have an atmosphere. At the same time the temperature is up to 427 degrees Celsius.

Speaking of radius and mass, it is a little more than our moon. Along with Kepler 37b, two other exoplanets orbit the main star in this star system. At the moment it is a present in the constellation Lyra. The G-type star of this system is older than our sun, according to scientists; it is 5.6 billion years old. — strange exoplant

2. Kepler -16 b —strangest exoplanet

The exoplanet was discovered on September 15, 2011 by the Kepler space mission. The transit method was used to detect this. This is a gas giant whose mass is equal to that of Saturn. It also has ice and rocks on it.

This exoplanet is part of the binary star system. Due to which this exoplanet is a circumbinary planet. Its two main stars complete each other's cycle in forty one days which are K-type and M-type category stars.

And the Kepler-16b completes their cycle in 229 days around its two stars.

It is as far from its stars as Venus is from the Sun. But the strange thing is that despite being a gas giant planet, it is close to the habitable zone. Or we can say that it is very close to the outer boundary of the habitable zone.

Its temperature also stays up to -80 degrees Celsius. This Kepler -16 b is discovered by Laurence Doyle. — dangerous exoplanet

3. WASP - 12b —weirdest exoplanet

This is a planet called "pitch black" by scientists. Extremely close to its star, this exoplanet, also called the hot Jupiter, completes its orbit around the WASP - 12 star in 26 hours. It was discovered by superWASP planetary transit survey in April 2008 at a South African astronomical Observatory.

Due to its extremely close presence, its star is constantly ending its exoplanet's life. An in-depth study of the planet by scientists has revealed the presence of water in its atmosphere.

The Hubble Space Telescope has found that the planet has inflated like a balloon and is three times larger than Jupiter. But surprisingly, its mass is up to 40 percent larger than that of Jupiter.

It has also been confirmed by Russian astronomers to be an exomoon. Tidally locked with its star, this WASP -12b exoplanet is 870 light-years from us. As I have already said, its star is constantly destroying the planet, which is why scientists have estimated that it has only 10 million years of life left. — dangerous exoplanet

4. CoRot-7b —hottest exoplanet

CoRot-7b is an exo-planet that is very close to its star and is tidally locked. Due to being tidally locked it has very strange weather. The part of the planet that faces its star always maintains a temperature of 2,600 degrees Celsius.

Due to such hot temperatures even rocks melt and turn into steam. Stones that have evaporated like water move to the other side. And the rains begin to fall. But this rain is of stones on it.

The temperature on the other side of this planet stays up to 190 degrees Celsius. CoRot-7b was discovered during the CoRoT mission. This planet is 490 light-years away from us.

It is possible that this planet may be covered with lava. It completes the cycle of its star CoRoT-7 in just 20 hours. The weather on this planet makes it look like hell and it falls into the category of a strange exoplanet. CoRoT-7b exoplanet exist in the Constellation Monoceros. — strange & dangerous exoplanet

5. HD 189733 b —Intriguing exoplanet

An exoplanet named HD 189733 b orbits the star HD 189733 at a distance of about 64 light years from us. It was discovered in 2005 by the Transit method. The mass of this planet is slightly larger than that of Jupiter. It was named Deep Blue because of the colour of the exoplanet.

Stormy winds blow on this planet at a tremendous speed all the time. Strong winds that blow at a speed of 8,500 kilometres per hour contain silicate particles. Due to which there is a rain of molten glass on this planet.

Due to which this planet seems to be full of upheaval. At the same time, it is the first planet to have evidence of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere.

The planet completes its orbit around its main star in just two days. As a result, it is clear that the planet is not habitable at all. This planet exist in the constellation of Vulpecula. — weird exoplanet of the space

6. HD 106906-B

This exo-planet is about 300 light years away from us. Discovered on December 4, 2013, this planet is considered to be a very rare planet. In addition, it is considered to be the loneliest planet in the entire universe because it orbits its star at a distance of 738 astronomical units.

That's a very wide distance. The most distant planet recently discovered in our solar system, called Farfarout, also had a distance of 132 astronomical units from the Sun. This allows us to estimate how far it is from its star.

Because of this, it takes us more than 13,500 years for this planet to complete one orbit around its star. It is 13 times more massive than Jupiter so it is also called Super Jupiter.

The radius of this gas giant is estimated to be 840,970 km. Despite being so far away from its star, the planet's surface temperature is estimated to be up to 1,500 degrees Celsius. This exoplanet is exists in the Constellation Crux. —strangest exoplanets in the universe

7. XO-1b —scariest planets

The exoplanet was discovered in 2006 by a team led by Peter McCullough. XO-1b exoplanet's environment is extremely dangerous and hot. Hence it is also called a hot Jupiter.

The mass of this planet is almost the same as that of Jupiter. But the strange thing is that this planet is very close to its star. Gas giant planets like Jupiter are usually farther away from their star.

It was discovered by the international team of amateur astronomy with the help of the Haleakala Observatory in Hawaii. It was discovered using Transit and Radial Velocity methods.

It was discovered using Transit and Radial Velocity methods is about 500 light-years from us. This exoplanet is also called Negoiu. Studies by the Hubble Space Telescope have also found evidence of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and water vapour in its atmosphere. It is very strange that evidence of water found on its surface.

8. Kepler -62 C —Interesting exoplanet

After talking about one Sub-earth we now know about another Sub-earth. In fact, it is an exoplanet the size of Mars. The radius of this exoplanet is only 3,440 kilometres. It was discovered by Borucki et al on 18 April 2013 during the Kepler space mission.

Its size is much smaller than that of our Earth, but its structure resembles that of Mercury. It completes the orbit of its main star Kepler-62 in 12 days. Kepler-62C, being close to its star, maintains a surface temperature of 305 degrees Celsius. Kepler-62C, being close to its star, maintains a surface temperature of 305 degrees Celsius. There are five other exoplanets in this stellar system.

The main star is a very old star that is 7 billion years old. Kepler-62C is about the same distance from its main star as Mercury. Due to which Kepler-62c receives up to 25 times more light than the Earth.

Top 26 Unbelievable Facts About Stars

2021-03-01T16:31:00.007+05:30

1. Pulsating Variable stars are stars in the universe that shrink and expand their outer layers to maintain balance, Due to which their light fluctuates when viewed from the earth. Omicron Ceti star is its main candidate. — Interesting Facts About Stars

2. The star RMC 136a1 is considered to be the most energetic star, it is a star in the Wolf-Rayet category which is considered to be the hottest star of all the stars, such stars have a very large amount of heavy elements. —stars facts

3. The PSR B0943 + 10 pulsar discovered by Soviet astronomers in December 1968, which is 2000 light years away from us, has the status of being the hottest pulsar star with a temperature of up to 3,100,000 k. —mind-blowing facts about stars

4. Part of a triple star system, called EBLM J0555 - 57 Ab, about 600 light-years from Earth, is considered to be the smallest discovered star. Despite being a star, it has the same radius as Saturn. —interesting stars facts

5. Nu Scorpii, a multiple star system 470 light-years from Earth, has been found by scientists to be in fact a Septuple star system. There are seven stars in this star system.

6. The two stars in the constellation Libra are HD 134439 and HD 134440 and are both K-types, hypervelocity stars. But the strangest thing about them being in a binary system is that the two stars orbit each other at distances of about 8,900 astronomical units.

7. The Gliese 570 star system, which is only 19 light-years from us, is actually a Quaternary star system, meaning that it has 4 stars. Also its primary star is an orange dwarf star. In the year 2000 the possibility of an exoplanet in this system was ruled out. —unbelievable facts about stars

8. Speaking of the Quaternary star system, we know that the Quintuple star system, V1054 Ophiuchi, located in Ophiuchus Constellation, has five stars. The strange thing is that all these stars are red dwarf stars, and this system exists only 21 light years from us.

9. A Mira variable named S Cassiopeiae located at a distance of 3,400 light years from us is said to be the coolest normal star. The star has a temperature of only 1,800 K. Surrounded by dense gas and dust on all sides, the star is constantly losing its mass.

10. Today, almost everyone knows about the Sirius star, the brightest star in the night sky, just 8.5 light-years away. But did you know that Sirius is slowly approaching our solar system, so in the next few thousand years it will look a little brighter to us.—fun facts about stars

11. Arcturus is the fourth brightest star in the night sky, as well as the closest red giant to Earth, just 36 light-years away. Its age is up to 7 billion years and its size is increasing even more. —cool things about stars

12. A star named BAT99 - 98 found in a cluster of Milky Way Galaxy's satellite galaxy called The Large Magellanic Cloud, According to scientists; it is 225 times more massive than the sun. This is a very young Wolf -Rayet star who is 2 million years old.—biggest stars of the universe

13. The radius of a red super giant star named Stephenson 2-18, discovered by American astronomers in 1990, was estimated to be about 2,100 times greater than the Sun. Which makes it the largest star ever discovered.

14. The nearest binary Brown Dwarf system is the Luhman 16 star system at Vela Constellation, just 6.5 light years from the Sun. These two brown dwarf stars complete one orbit of each other in 27 years from a distance of 3.5 astronomical units.

15. In an open cluster at a distance of about 4 kiloparsecs, there are two very bright 0-type stars, but the most amazing thing about them is that their outer layers touch each other. This system is called MY Camelopardalis.

16. The S5-HVS1 in the constellation Grus in November 2019 is a star of the A-type main sequence. The most amazing thing about this star is that its velocity is 1,755 km per second.

17. The star S5 - HVS1 is believed to have been injected by the Milky Way Galaxy's Sagittarius A.

18. The ULAS J0015 + 01 star, about 900,000 light-years away, is a star that is gravitationally bound to the Milky Way galaxy despite being so far away. It was discovered on July 10, 2014.

19. Did you know that there are stars in the universe that come back as a star after a supernova? Such stars are called Zombie stars.— weird star facts

20. Have you ever heard of Flares stars? These stars are stars that suddenly increase their brightness within of minutes; this is due to a lot of magnetic activity on a star. Due to which solar flares rise from the surface.

21. The closest flare star to the Sun is Proxima Centauri, which is only 1.3 parsecs away.

22. Now we know of a star that was discovered by scientists only through gravitational lensing, hence its name MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1 which is about 14 billion light years away from us.

23. This star exists in the constellation Leo and at the same time has the Redshift z = 1.49 of this lensed star which makes it the farthest discovered star.

24. BPM 37093 is actually a white dwarf star about 50 light-years away from us, the most special thing about this high mass white dwarf star is that it is a pulsating variable star. Pulsating the white dwarf star causes a lot of fluctuations in its brightness.—interesting things about stars

25. Which scientists say is caused by non-radial gravity waves pulsation. This pulsating white dwarf star is present in Centaurus constellation.— amazing things about stars

26. The star is rich in elements such as carbon and oxygen, and is 1.1 times more massive than the Sun. The BPM 37093 star is also known as the Diamond Star.

Top 7 biggest Space Discoveries

2021-02-27T16:13:00.015+05:30

1. Kepler - 90

Kepler-90 is a G-type main sequence star just like our Sun. This star is named 2 MASS JI857 4403 + 4918185. This name is too long for this star. G-type stars are also called yellow dwarf stars. Such stars process nuclear fusion by converting hydrogen into helium gas which produces energy. The Kepler-90 was discovered on December 14, 2017. Interestingly, it was discovered by NASA and Google. The data was analysed with the help of Google's machine learning method. It is also called Artificial Intelligence. The most important thing about the Kepler-90 star is that it has been confirmed to have 8 planets just like our solar system.

This star exist in the constellation Draco at a distance of 2,840 light years from us. The number of star and planets in this star system corresponds exactly to our solar system, with the possibility that many of its planets may be in the habitable zone. The surface temperature of Kepler-90 is assumed to be 5,700 Kelvin. The surface temperatures of G-type stars range from 5,000 to 6,000 Kelvin. Both its mass and radius are about 120 percent of the Sun's. This star is estimated to be up to 2 billion years old. The first planet in this system is named b and so are the other planets c, d, e, f, g, h and i. As its name suggests, it was discovered by the Kepler mission. The distance of this Star system from us prevents us from knowing much more about it. That's a huge drawback.

2. Sarswati Supercluster

The Saraswati Super Cluster was discovered by a research team in Pune, India. The team was led by Professor Joydeep Bagchi. Thanks to the hard work of an astrophysicist team from the Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics and the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, we were able to learn about the Saraswati super cluster. It is one of the largest structures in our universe. This super cluster is four thousand million light-years away from us. This cluster contains approximately 43 galaxy clusters.

Also part of this is the Abell 2361 and ZWCl 2341.1 + 0000 galaxy cluster. Saraswati Supercluster is surrounded by a network of galaxy filaments, clusters and Cosmic Voids. Saraswati Supercluster is surrounded by a network of galaxy filaments, clusters and Cosmic Voids. The mass of this cluster is estimated to be 2 × 1016. This cluster exists in the constellation Pisces. This cluster is surrounded by galaxy filaments. These form the boundaries between the giant cosmic voids. Their formation looks like a thread. They can range in length from 200 to 400 light years. They are also called galaxy walls or super cluster complexes.

3. KEPLER -442b

Revolutionary advances in telescope technology have led to the discovery of exoplanets in distant space, many of which we believe to be like Earth. Because maybe they also appear in the habitable zone of their star. Kepler-442b seems to be a strong candidate in our search for Earth-like planets. That's why Kepler-442b, discovered on January 6, 2015, is considered quite special. The distance of this planet from us is considered to be about twelve hundred light-years. Kepler-442b was discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. Which had been keeping an eye on Kepler -442b’s star for a long time, because the transit method was used to find out.

This Exoplanet orbits its main star Kepler 442. An in-depth study of the planet revealed its merits. Is larger in size than our earth. Its radius is estimated to be 8,537 km. In terms of mass, it is 2.36 times larger than Earth. Its composition seems to be very similar to that of the Earth. Its main star is a k -type main sequence star. The surface temperature of its main star is 4,402 Kelvin. In this system, the planet completes one orbit around its star in 112 days. It has been confirmed that the planet is in the habitable zone of its star. This means the presence of solid ground and liquid water on its surface. But the planet's gravity is 30 times stronger than Earth's. It may be a new home for human civilization in the future. But its distance from us will remain a great challenge, which is equal to thousands of years.

4. VELA PULSAR

Almost everyone will be well aware of Pulsars today. But the Vela Pulsar came before scientists with some special features. Its distance from us is only 800 light-years. It is also known as PSR JO835-4510. This famous pulsar was discovered in 1968 by a team of astronomers at the University of Sydney. It’s actually a radio, optical pulsar. At the same time it emits X-rays and gamma rays. Needless to say, Vela Pulsar is a supernova remnant. It must have been born after the end of a very massive star from the sun. Which was a type 11 supernova.

This explosion must have occurred about 11,000 to 12,000 years ago. This is a very bright object that is directly related to Vela Supernova Remnant. This moment is present in the constellation Vela. It spins very fast. Vela Pulsar rotates about 11 times per second. It is also known for its glitches. This causes the pulsar speed to increase suddenly after a while. This happens in an average of three years. Despite this, it could not be accurately predicted. Because it happens quite randomly all of a sudden. Which remains the subject of considerable discussion.

5. Coma Cluster

The coma star cluster is one of the closest open star clusters ever discovered. Open clusters usually contain only a few thousand stars. All of these stars are about the same age and have the same composition. Nearly a thousand open clusters have been discovered along the Milky Way galaxy. One such open cluster is the comma star cluster. It is known by different names like Melotte 111 and Collider 256. This open cluster is only 280 light years away from us. There are 40 stars that are extremely bright. It is currently present in the constellation Coma Berenices. Many more details about this cluster remain to be explored. Scientists are investigating this in depth.

6. UGPS J0722 -0540

This is actually a Rouge Planet. But the most surprising thing is that it is only 13 light-years from Earth. This is a Late T-type Brown Dwarf. But it is more likely to be a wandering planet. Its presence is found in the constellation Monoceros. The first image of this object was captured on November 28, 2006. Which was conducted by (UKIDSS) Ukirt Infrared deep sky survey. At the same time the proper motion of this rouge planet could also be detected. Its volume is the same as that of Jupiter. But its mass is equal to 5 to 40 Jupiter masses. Its surface temperature was found to be between 480 and 500 Kelvin. The radial velocity of this wandering planet is recorded at 46.9 Kilometers per second. Its promotion is approximately 970 milliarcseconds per year.

7. Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy

The Milky Way galaxy consists of about 59 small satellite galaxies that are gravitationally bound to it. One such satellite galaxy is Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy. This galaxy is present in the constellation Sagittarius. Its distance from our earth is about 70,000 light years.

It was discovered in 1994 by Rodrigo Ibata, Mike Irwin and Gerry Gilmore. It is one of the closest galaxies to the Milky Way galaxy. Its diameter can be as much as 10,000 light years. An in-depth study has revealed the presence of four clusters (of which M54 is the brightest cluster). It looks like a fairly ancient galaxy. Evidence of interstellar dust has also been detected. Most of the population 11 types stars found in this galaxy are known as metal poor stars.

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21 interesting Solar System Facts For Kids

2021-02-25T15:10:00.004+05:30

1. Eris is a dwarf planet discovered in 2005. It is considered to be the most massive and second largest dwarf planet in our solar system.

2. Eris has a radius of about eleven hundred kilometers and an orbital period of 558 years.

3. The moon of Jupiter named Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system.

4. The planet Uranus takes about 84 years to complete one revolution of the Sun, making Uranus one year equal to Earth's 84 years.

5. A minor planet called Ceres was first discovered in the asteroid belt but was considered an asteroid at the time.

6. Ceres is an object in the asteroid belt that is round due to self-gravity.

7. There are about 400 active volcanoes on Jupiter's moon IO and there is always volcanic and geologically active activity on it.

8. Mars' natural satellite Phobos completes one cycle in just 8 hours.

9. Jupiter planet's magnetic field is ten times stronger than Earth's.

10. There is no doubt that the expansion of our solar system is enormous. It contains a lot of objects. The total mass of our entire solar system is equal to 1.0014 solar masses.

11. There are approximately 4,143 comets in our solar system that have been detected.

12. Our solar system is 28,000 light-years from the Milky Way galaxy's galactic centre.

13. It takes about two and a half million years to complete one cycle of the galactic centre.

14. Completing one revolution around the centre of the Milky Way galaxy is called the Galactic Year.

15. In the Milky Way, our solar system is located on its outer spiral arm, called the Orion-Cygnus Arm.

16. The sun is considered to be the most perfect "Sphere of Hot Plasma" in the entire universe.

17. Our sun is fusing about 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium every second.

18. Long Period Comets come from the Oort cloud inside our solar system.

19. The second planet in our solar system, Venus, is the brightest object in the night sky after our moon.

20. Mercury has a daytime temperature of 430 degrees Celsius but a night-time temperature of about -180 degrees Celsius.

21. Despite being closest to the Sun, Mercury has been found to have ice.

8 Things You Must Know About James Webb Space Telescope.

2021-02-23T13:41:00.007+05:30

1. A JOINT MISSION

First and foremost, the James Webb space Telescope (jwst) is a joint mission of NASA-ESA and CSA space agencies. If you don't know about CSA, this is the Canadian Space Agency. It is being developed as a next generation space telescope. Which will replace the Hubble Space Telescope. It is manufactured by two companies. The first company is Northrop Grumman Corporation, an American global aerospace and defence technology company. The other company is called Ball Aerospace & technologies. This company is an American company known for making spacecraft and their components. The James Webb Space Telescope is being built at a very advanced level. Which will provide many times better Infrared resolution and Sensitivity than the Hubble Space Telescope. This will give us a lot of information about the galaxies that will be formed in the beginning after the birth of the universe. This will revolutionize our knowledge of astronomy and cosmology.𑁋james web space telescope facts

Image source-google | Image by- Kevin Gill

2. FGS - NIRISS

What make James Webb Space Telescope most special are the two combined instruments called FGS and NIRISS which are its main components. Let's see how these two devices work. These two instruments are connected to each other, but optically they are very different from each other. Talking about FSG then this is Fine Guidance Sensor. In addition, NIRISS is a near infrared imaging and slitless spectrograph device. Developed by the Canadian Space Agency. With the help of these, the telescope can observe light wavelengths ranging from 0.8 to 5.0 microns. The most important feature of FSG Instrument is that it will be easily locate the guide star and observe the targeted area. And this will cover a fairly large area. NIRISS support, near-infrared imaging and wide-field slitless spectroscopy can be performed significantly better.𑁋james web space telescope facts #2

3. Spacecraft BUS OF JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE

This bus is the main component of this space telescope. Which is a primary support component for all instruments in a telescope. It will take all its instruments together. The structure of this bus weighs 350 kg. It is made with graphite composite material to make it stronger. This allows the bus to support the telescope's weight of 6.5 tons. The central, computing, memory storage and communication equipment occupy a prominent place in it. The processes and computer code delivery statistics directly from devices to solid state memory cores and radio system which will send the info back to earth and receive commands.𑁋james web space telescope facts #3

4. MAIN GOAL OF JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE

The main task of the James Webb Space Telescope is to study in depth how the universe was formed after the Big Bang and to find out the light of the first galaxies in the universe. It will also examine the formation of stars and the planetary system. In order to gain more insight into the origin of life. Many years ago a Dyson sphere was estimated to be around the star KIC-8462852 at a distance of fifteen hundred light years from the Earth. Because the star's light was diminishing abnormally. It will also explore the secrets behind the dim light of this star. To find out if there is an advanced alien civilization behind this or for some reason.𑁋james web space telescope facts #4

5. SUN SHIELD OF JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE

This next generation space telescope is designed to provide infrared surveillance in extremely cold environments. Therefore, it is important that the instruments of the telescope remain below -223 C. So this is a great Sun Shield to help. This is silicon, aluminium-coated Kapton. Which will help keep its mirrors and equipment cool.

Image source-google | Image by- NASA's James Webb Space Telescope from Greenbelt, MD, USA https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasawebbtelescope/48937048431/

This will allow the telescope to perform infrared observations without interruption. It will also protect the telescope from light and heat from the sun, earth and moon. The five layers of the sun shield will help it to do this. Each layer is as thin as a human hair. Its greatest feature is that it can be folded up to twelve times. This allows it to easily fit inside the rocket at launch.𑁋james web space telescope facts #5

6. JWST MIRROR

Everyone knows that the size of JWST Mirror is 6.5 meters. Which is a gold coated Beryllium reflector. It will be able to observe an area six times larger than the Hubble Space Telescope. In it 18 such hexagon mirrors work together as a single mirror. Even so, its mass is only half that of the Hubble Space Telescope. After the launch of this telescope, 1.5 million kilometres away from the Earth's orbit will be taken to Earth-Sun L2 (Lagrange Point). And then it will be powered. While the Hubble Space Telescope is operated from an altitude of only 550 km above the Earth.𑁋james web space telescope facts #6

7. OBSERVATIONS

The James Webb Space Telescope is like a giant time machine that can look back billions of years in time. It can penetrate gas and dust and observe better than the Hubble Space Telescope. In addition, it will be able to capture images in high resolution of very dimmer and cool objects. It will replace the retired infrared Space Telescope "the Spitzer Space Telescope". The mission of the telescope is said to be up to 5 years and the target is to extend this period to 10 years.𑁋james web space telescope facts #7

8. LAUNCH OF JWST

The long-delayed telescope is scheduled to launch in October 2021. It will be launched into space with the help of a rocket named "Ariana 5". The total cost of this mission is more than ten billion dollars. That's why there are so many expectations from this telescope. So hopefully soon we will get answers to many questions related to the existence of this huge cosmos.𑁋james web space telescope facts #8

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5 Most Important Space Missions To Be Launch Soon

2021-02-21T15:10:00.000+05:30

Discovering an object or event far away in the universe gives us answers to many questions and also raises new questions. To do this, space telescopes play an important role in the world of science, keeping an eye on different parts of the universe at all times. So many special space telescopes will be launched by various space agencies this year and in the near future. Through which we will learn a lot about this mysterious universe.

1. IXPE ( Space Mission)

IXPE stands for The Imaging x-ray Polarimetry Explorer, a space observatory. What is special about this space telescope is that it has three identical telescopes that will help scientists in measuring the polarization of cosmic X-rays. With the help of this mission we will be able to study exotic astronomical objects in more depth. It will also help to understand the magnetic field of black holes. Which will also be able to map the magnetic field. Along with black holes we will also learn a lot about neutron stars, pulsars, quasars and active galactic nuclei. The total cost of the mission is estimated at 188 million.

2. XRISM (Space Satellite)

It is an X-ray astronomy satellite whose full name is The X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission. The satellite will be launched by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The most important thing about this mission is that through it, we will learn about the formation of the structure of the universe. At the same time we can succeed in understanding dark matter. The mission will be launched next year from the Tanegashima Space Centre, Japan. The instruments in the satellite are Develop include NASA and the Goddard Space Flight Centre.

3. ADITYA- L1 (Spacecraft)

Aditya L1 will be launched soon in collaboration with Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and several different Indian Research Institutes. This spacecraft mission will study the depths of the sun in the near future. At the same time it will become India's first solar mission. The total cost of this spacecraft is estimated to be around Rs 378 crore. This will give us a lot of new information about our main star. Its main function is also to find out what causes the sun's atmosphere to have a much higher temperature than the surface. The launch date for this mission is set for January 2022. This solar mission will be launched next year from Satish Dhawan Space Centre with the help of PSLV Rocket. The duration of this mission is planned up to 5 years.

4. EUCLID (Space Mission)

The Euclid mission, named DUNE, means The Dark universe Explorer. The mission is being developed under the auspices of the European Space Agency (ESA). This is a near-infrared Space Telescope. This mission is specifically designed to detect dark matter and dark energy. With the help of which scientists will be able to accurately measure the acceleration of the universe. The mission is named "Euclid" and is named after an ancient Greek Mathematician "Euclid of Alexander". Its mission duration is estimated to be 6 years. The telescope is scheduled to launch by December next year. It will help scientists solve the mysterious mystery of dark matter.

5. PLATO (Spacecraft)

Expectations are high for the PLATO Space Telescope being developed by the European Space Agency. It is named after the Greek philosopher "PLATO". The full name of this telescope is Planetary Transits and Oscillation of Star (PLATO). This mission is specifically designed to locate exoplanets. This telescope will monitor the stars with its Transits method. This telescope will study at a depth of about 1 million stars. At the same time, the telescope will look for yellow dwarf stars like the sun and Earth-like planets around them. On which life will be possible. The main task of this mission is to find planets in the habitable zone near stars like the Sun. It has a total of 26 cameras that will detect even the slightest difference in stellar light. The mission is planned to be launched by 2026. Its mission duration will be 4 years.

20 Mind-Blowing Facts About Universe 2021

2021-02-20T15:16:00.024+05:30

1. Scientists say that the maximum temperature limit in our universe is 142 nonillion degrees Celsius. This is called plank temperature.

2. According to the biocentrism theory, our entire universe is only present when we observe it.

3. According to the Zoo Hypothesis we have been captured on this earth by an advanced alien civilization, and we are part of an experiment.

4. With any powerful telescope we can only see the universe 400,000 years after the Big Bang. There was no light to see before that.

5. In the entire universe, only 5% of ordinary matter exists, the remaining 95% is dark matter and dark energy, which is impossible to see and detect.

6. The diameter of the observable universe is about 93 Giga light years. 1 Giga light year means 1,000,000, 000 light years.

7. The brightest member of the Laniakea Supercluster is the Milky Way Galaxy.

8. According to scientists, there are more than 500 million planets in the Milky Way galaxy on which life is possible.

9. It will take us about 80,000 years with current technology to reach our nearest star system

10. Many physicists say that we may never understand what happened or was happening before the Big Bang because our understanding is not developed to understand it.

11. GN-z11 is the farthest discovered galaxy and is at a distance of 32 billion light-years from us

12. PSR B1509-58 which is 17000 light years away from us and this object is named "The Hand of God".

13. 55 Cancri E A planet was discovered that had almost completely turned into a diamond. A team of astronomers discovered in the year 2004.

14. The Omega Centauri Globular cluster is 17,000 light-years away and is the most massively discovered globular cluster.

15. You may be surprised to learn that The Hoag's object is a galaxy that appears to be the perfect ring shape.

16. A hyper velocity star named HE 0437 - 5439 is rapidly moving out of our galaxy at a speed of 723 kilometres per second.

17. There are estimated to be more than 100 planets in our early solar system

18. When the Kilo nova event occurs in space, it is followed by the formation of heavy elements such as iron, platinum and gold. This event can be caused by the collision of two neutron stars.

19. the most amazing thing about the Dragon Fly 44 galaxy is that this galaxy is made up of approximately 99.99% dark matter.

20. RMC 136 A1 is a very rare blue super giant star considered to be 300 times more massive than the Sun.

20 Interesting Space & Astronomy Facts

2021-02-19T15:49:00.005+05:30

1. Cyril’s star which is located about 13,000 light years from the Galactic Halo is estimated by scientists to be 12.5 billion years old.

2. The star named WR 102 is having a surface temperature of about 210,000k which makes it the hottest star of the universe.

3. The Constellation Hydra is the largest of all 88 constellations. There are 17 major stars in the Constellation Hydra.

4. The first exoplanet to be discovered by scientists is called Gamma Cephei Ab, and it is located 45 light years away from us.

5. Hyades is the closest open star cluster to us and is about 153 light years away.

6. The first Quasar to be discovered was named 3C48, which was detected in 1960.

7. The nearest black hole to the sun is called Qv Tel Ab or HR 6819, which is part of a triple star system just 1,200 light years away.

8. A star named MACS J1149 lensed star 1 existed at a very large distance of about 14,400 million light years from us.

9. 4U 1700-37 is a neutron star and is the most massive neutron star ever discovered. It is located in the constellation Scorpius.

10. A group of 9 Gamma Ray Bursts, also called the giant GRB ring, is one of the largest known cosmic structure in the universe.

11. The James Web Space telescope which is soon to be launched, is considering to be a hundred times more powerful than the Hubble Space Telescope.

12. Did you know that Russian Cosmonauts carry a Gun in space.

13. The planet with the highest gravity in our solar system is the gas giant Jupiter.

14. Like the Rough planet, Scientists have also discovered the existence of Rough Stars. These stars are thrown out of galaxies into intergalactic space.

15. The Voyager 1 Spacecraft has so far travelled 22,000,000,000 kilometres away from us.

16. The Giant Andromeda Galaxy is approaching our galaxy at a speed of 110 kilometres per second and four billion years later the two will collide.

17. IC 1101 is a super-giant galaxy the largest galaxy ever discovered with a radius of approximately 1.9569 million light years.

18. The IC 1101 galaxy contains more than 100 trillion stars and has a very large supermassive black hole at its centre.

19. Sirius is the brightest visible star in the night sky from our earth and is only 8.6 light years away from our earth.

20. The collision of two Neutron stars is conspired to be the brightest and most violent event since the Big Bang.

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20 Mind-Blowing Facts About Universe 2021

7 Amazing Facts About Space

2021-01-15T19:03:00.007+05:30

1. Our time is determined by the rotation of the earth. The earth completes one Revolution around it in about 24 hours. This means that it has 84,400 seconds in 24 hours. But recently scientists have suggested that the Earth’s speed is slightly faster than normal. Because of this our day is ending a little early. Scientists now have such accurate clocks that they can detect a difference of a thousandth of a second. It is now assumed that the earth has been rotating a bit faster on its axis in the last 50 years and has decreased by 0.05 milliseconds in an average day. Of course, it doesn't seem like much. In addition, July 19, 2020 saw a decrease of 1.44602 millisecond in 24 hours in the day.

2. According to scientists, the maximum temperature in this universe can be 1.42×10³² Celsius. That's 142 nonillion degrees Celsius. This means that this higher temperature can never be achieved. This is also called Planck temperature. There can be no higher temperature in this universe than this. It is believed that the temperature may have been the same during the big bang. It is impossible for us to produce this temperature. Scientists have so far set a record by 5, 500, 000,000, 000 degree Celsius inside the Large Hadron Collider.

3. THE MOST POWERFUL MAGNET IN THE UNIVERSE

You must have heard the name Magnetar. These are objects in space that are so powerful that they destroy the atomic structure of anything that comes close to them. They are just like neutron stars. But Magnetar are much more powerful than these. They are formed in a super nova in a star. Their spin makes their magnetic field many trillions time stronger than the earth’s or sun’s magnetic field. Despite this, their diameter is only 20 to 30 km. The magnetic field of a magnetar can be as much as one billion tesla or 10¹⁴Gauss. It is a thousand times more powerful than a Radio Pulsar. But magnetars revolve much slower than a neutron star. Once in about 10 seconds. The life of such stars can be up to ten thousand years.

4. LOVEJOY COMET

Now let’s talk about the comet Lovejoy or C/2014 Q2. It is named after the man who discovered the comet. It was discovered on August 17, 2014 by Terry Love Joy. This is a long period comet. What makes this comet, so special is the glow of this comet in blue and green colour. Scientist says the cause may be organic molecules and water. Its orbital period is 11 thousand years. It was found to contain Ethanol (which is ethyl alcohol) and Glycol aldehyde (which is simple sugar). This comet is believed to have come into our solar system from the Oort cloud.

Image source- google | Image by- John Vermette

5. BARNARD’S STAR

This star, which is present in the constellation Ophiuchus, is only 6 light years away from our sun. It is one of the closest star systems after the Alpha Centauri system. The mass of this star is only 14 percent of the sun. The temperature of this star can be up to 32, 00 Kelvin. The star is also orbited by a planet named Barnard’s star b. It is a super earth exoplanet with a mass of 3 times that of the earth. This exoplanet is considered to be the ice planet. The planet was discovered on November 14, 2018. According to scientists, the heat generated by the geothermal process may contain hot water pockets inside which life may be possible.

Image source- google | Image by- ESO/M.Kornmesser

6. NGC 6166

It is an elliptical galaxy about 490 million light years away from us. The most amazing thing about this galaxy is that it has the largest number of globular cluster ever found. This is the result of an in depth study of the galaxy in 2016, it contains approximately 39,000 globularclusters. Due to this it has the richest globular cluster system. The Milky Way galaxy contains far fewer globular clusters than this one. Only about 150 to 180. This galaxy is part of the Abell 2199 galaxy cluster. In addition, it is present in the constellation Hercules.

Image source- google | Image by- Judy Schmidt

7. IMMORTAL ELECTRONS

An electron that orbits the nucleus inside the atom. Almost everyone is aware of sub atomic particles. But do you know how long these electrons' life can be? So its age is 66 thousand Yotta years. One yotta year mean 1028 years. This means that the electrons are almost immortal. The radius of an electron is only 2.82×10^-15 Meter. This means that matter can never be completely eliminated. The first electron in the universe is still present.

5 Most Beautiful And Famous Nebula Of The Universe | 2021

2021-01-10T23:17:00.007+05:30

Every day new discoveries and objects discovered in space. One of these is the Nebula. Nebulas are a very special part of creation. Today we are on this Earth only because of the Nebula. Our star, the earth and whatever is part of our solar system would once have been in the nebula only in the form of gas and dust.

All the stars and planets are formed in the nebula. By the way, the nebulas itself look like a different and beautiful. Because the irregular expanding gas in it gives it a beautiful shape. It can be of many types. Like Emission nebula, they are the most colourful because they contain ionized gases. Due to this they emit light of different wavelengths. There are other similar nebulae, such as Planetary Nebula, the reflection nebula, the dark nebula and supernova Remnants.

The Hubble Space Telescope was launched on April, 24 1990 and has performed millions of observations in interstellar space and is doing. It doesn’t know how much beautiful nebula it has captured. Whose beauty is unmatched. So today we will try to find out about some of these wonderful nebulas. If we talk about their vastness then they can be spread over many light years.

1. THE EAGLE NEBULA

Image Credit-https://www.rawpixel.com/image/440098/the-eagle-nebula

This Nebula is located 7000 light years from earth. The first person to see it was Jean Philippe De Cheseaux. Then, in 1995, Jeff Hester and Paul Scowen photographed it through the Hubble Space Telescope. This brought it true beauty before us. It is also called the pillars of creation. The mass of the Eagle Nebula is equal to 12000 solar messes. Scientists say it maybe 5.5 million years old. When viewed in ultraviolet light, it appears that stars are still forming in some of its region.

But why aren’t Stars being formed in all its regions? More than 8000 stars are part of this Nebula. This means that the stars that have been formed in it. An in-depth study has revealed that its brightest star is HD-168076. At the moment this Nebula is part of a diffuse emission Nebula. This Nebula is also known as M16. At the moment let's talk about why stars are not being formed in it now and why it's only happening in a few areas.

An infrared telescope called the Spitzer Space Telescope was a launched in 2003. From the observations made by this telescope, scientists have come to the conclusion that they have detected hot gas in it. Scientists say the Eagle Nebula has been destroyed for thousands of years ago. The presence of a supernova in nearby stars would have created a shockwave that would have destroyed its pillars. It is currently 7,000 light years away.

So from the Earth we will always see it 7,000 years old. This is because of thespeed of light particles. The shockwave must have been slowly passing through it, which must have destroyed its amazing shape. But some areas of it may have survived. In which new stars are being formed. So we can say that most of it was destroyed 8000 to 9000 years ago. The gas and dust in it were probably not dense enough to withstand a rising star shockwave. This Nebula is located in the constellation Serpens.

2. THE HELIX NEBULA

The Helix Nebula is a planetary nebula. Such a nebula is formed when a supernova explodes in an old star. The star takes on the form of supernova with an explosion after they have passed their live. Such stars have consumed all their fuel. After this they take the form of White Dwarf. The Helix Nebula was in the form of a star and when it exploded it threw a huge amount of gas and dust into interstellar space. Its shapes look like an eye.

So that’s why it is also called “The Eye of God”. Its beautiful shape adds to interest in space. At gas and dust release after such an event contains a large amount of ionized gases such as hydrogen, carbon, helium, oxygen etc. All of these elements are essential to building a solar system. All the stars and planets we see today are made up of such dust and gases. The Scientist says The Helix Nebula was a sun sized star more than 10,000 years ago. Which we see today as a nebula.

The Helix Nebula is about 655 light-years from us and is in the constellation Aquarius. This Nebula was a discovered by Karl Ludwig Harding. Karl Ludwig discovered it in the 18th century. Observations by Spitzer Space Telescope show that its centre, the white dwarf star, is quite energetic. Which emits ultraviolet radiation. This ultraviolet radiation is a constantly heating its extruded layers. Due to this the white dwarf star appears to glow.

The gas and dust clouds in this Nebula have spread over an area of about 2.87 light years. This enabler has grown so large, and we can estimate it from the fact that it would take more than two years for light to travel from one end to the other. Of course, this white dwarf star is about the size of our Earth, but could be more massive than the sun. Our sun will form a similar star after billions of years. The Helix Nebula is one of the nearest nebula to earth and even the brightest. This nebula looks quite similar to the cat's eye Nebula. However, The Helix Nebula is one of the most beautiful and attractive object. This Nebula is also known as NGC 7293.

3. CRAB NEBULA

The crab Nebula is one of the celestial objects we have been witnessing since ancient times. Many years ago it was thought that in a Supernova, Nova meant new, meaning the birth of new stars. But now we know that it is not the birth of new stars but their end. There are supernovas in every second in the universe. But after the death of a star, a lot would be left behind. The same is true with the crab Nebula. Its name doesn't match it because it doesn't look like a crab. Yet it has an amazing structure in space. Evidence of this first found in a Chinese astronomy in 1054.

It would have started as the end of a star. In addition, it was clearly visible from earth at that time for about two years. But they did not know at the time that the light that appeared suddenly was actually a Supernova. Crab Nebula is a supernova remnant Nebula. After the explosion, it randomly threw all its dust and gas into the interstellar space and took on such a beautiful shape. It was discovered in 1731 by an English astronomer John Bevis. Then in 1844 William Parsons discovered the existence of this Nebula with the help of his 36-inch telescope and named it the crab Nebula. At the moment, this is about 6,523 light years away from us and is in the constellation Taurus. Its size is quite large. It covers an area of about 5.5 million light years. Of course this is a Supernova remnant and even then its Apparent magnitude is +8.4. The reason for its brightness is its centre with the presence of a very energetic Pulsar.

A Pulsar

This Pulsar emits very powerful radio waves and gamma rays. Which makes the crab Nebula a very bright object. Its Pulsar rotates very fast. It rotates 30 times a second due to its excessive self-gravity. Pulses are the most powerful source of electromagneticradiation. Despite having a diameter of 25 to 30 kilometres, its mass is 1.5 Times that of the Sun. It releases up to 70,000 times more energy than the sun. Due to the release of radio waves, in 1967 a team of scientists thought it was a signal from an advanced alien civilization. This Nebula is spreading at a speed of 1500 kilometres per hour. The magnetic field of its rotating Pulsar is billions of time more powerful than the sun. Even then it's just a remnant of a dead star. But its presence in this crab Nebula greatly enhances its beauty.

4. THE CAT'S EYE NEBULA

Nothing in the universe is immortal. Everything is made of it and taken back by it. Everything must end someday. The cat's eye Nebula was formerly a sun like a star. After its death today we see this beautiful structure. There is no doubt that the cat's eye Nebula is a work of art in itself. It is also known as NGC 6543. It was first discovered by William Herschel in 1786.

The cat's eye Nebula is the first Nebula to be observed by William Huggins Through a spectroscope. In it, we study the light coming from an object and determine its properties. We can clearly see the beauty in its detail image taken by Hubble Space Telescope. Through the Hubble Space Telescope we have received considerable information about NGC 6543.

Its distance from the earth is about 3,262 light years. It presents in the Northern constellation Draco. Needless to say, the cat's eye Nebula is a planetary Nebula. According to scientists, it may be about a thousand years old. As we know, no they contain hydrogen and helium gases that can spread over millions of light year. Later, this dust and gases are very important for the birth of a star. It also has a white dwarf star at its centre.

A sun shaped star has thrown its outer layers into interstellar space at a speed of 4 million per hour with the material inside it. Excessive hot gas has been detected in this nebula by Chandra x-ray observatory. It looks very attractive, but its structure is considerable to be very complex. It’s a central star emit Stellar wind all the times at a speed of 1900 kilometre per second. Which produces too many X-rays. Because of this the inner bubble of NGC 6543 e Nebula is becoming hollow. The reason why it looks so bright is because of it central star. Calling it the cat's eye Nebula, it is clear that its structure resembles that of an eye. The diffusion of gas and dust of IT in this shape greatly enhances its beauty.

5. THE ORION NEBULA

You must be heard of the Orion Nebula. It is one of the most widely observed astronomical objects by astronomers. In fact, it is part of a very popular constellation Orion. We can clearly see this constellation in the night sky with the naked eyes. It is located south of this Orion Belt. Its Apparent magnitude is + 4.0, so it can be seen with any ordinary telescope. In addition to being beautiful, it has a very large structure. In terms of its diameter, it is estimated to be 24 light years. In fact, this Nebula is the closest massive star formation region near Earth.

Its distance from earth is only 1,344 light years away. Inside the Orion Nebula there is a very young open cluster. Many massive stars are born in it. About 700 stars are forming in this Nebula at different stages. This is nothing new. This Nebula is about two thousand times as massive as our Sun. This Nebula is a very large in the Orion molecular cloud Complex Nebula. This means that the region in which most stars are formed. The Orion Nebula is also known as messier 42. The Nebula was discovered by Christiaan Huygens November 26, 1610. Christiaan also discovered Titan, the largest moon on Saturn.

The gas and dust clouds present in the Nebula form a very amazing structure full stop the Hubble Space Telescope has taken many images of it. This has given us a lot of information. The stars in it are constantly emitting charged particles. This is what we call Stellar winds. Massive young stars keep emitting very powerful Stellar winds in this nebula. Which moves like a shock wave in this Nebula. This causes the gas present in it to expand in a wave pattern.

The Most Massive Globular star cluster "Omega Centauri or NGC 5139"

2021-01-08T15:48:00.003+05:30

We all must have heard about star clusters. A group of stars is known as a cluster. Clusters can be of two types open cluster, and globular cluster. Some time ago a planet named Methuselah was considered to be the oldest planet in the universe. In fact, the planet was also found as a globularcluster. Omega Centauri is located at a distance of 17,090 light years from us. This cluster is the most massive cluster ever discovered. In a globular cluster, stars are very close to each other and are tightly bound by Gravity.

All the stars revolve around the galactic core. But Omega Centauri is considered to be the most massive cluster ever. It is estimated to have more than 10 million stars in it. This cluster is so large that its diameter is about 150 light years. It is also known as NGC 5139 or Cald well 80. This is the largest massive cluster ever discovered in the Milky Way galaxy. This cluster can be easily seen from the earth with the naked eyes.

All the stars in it are only 0.1 light years away from each other. Due to the large number of stars and their short distance from each other, this cluster looks very bright. Omega Centauri has long been considered the only star. It is the first mentioned by Ptolemy In 150 AD. He recorded it as a star on the horse's back. Then in 1603 Johann Bayer Named the object Omega Centauri using Ptolemy’s figures. It is not yet known if Omega Centauri is actually a star cluster, not a single star. It was then studied in depth by Edmond Halley in 1677 and listed as the first non-Stellar object.

The object was a discovered to be a globular cluster by the Scottish astronomer James Dunlop in 1826. This is how it turns out to be a cluster from a single star. This cluster is a very large structure. The number of the star near its Centre is a very large. The total mass of this cluster is estimated to be equal to about 4 million solar messes. It contains very old stars. These stars are called Population II Stars. These stars are also known as metal poor stars. Population II type stars are the oldest stars in the universe, mostly found in a globular cluster.

This category includes stars that formed 10 billion to 13 billion years ago. These stars, formed after the big bang, contain a large amount of hydrogen and helium. But the population II stars contain very small amount of heavy metals called oxygen, silicon, neon and iron called Alpha elements. The number of such stars in the Omega Centauri is very high. In depth study has a shown that orbital velocity of such stars is much higher than that of other stars. In addition, the population I type stars include young stars that form from 1 million year to a few billion years ago.

Unlike population II, these stars contain a large amount of Alpha elements. In the Stellar population stars are classified in Astronomy based on their different age generations. This cluster is thought to be a Core of a destroyed Galaxy. This may have been later absorbed by the Milky Way galaxy. The cluster currently discovered by scientists is the brightest and most massive giant star cluster. Scientists believe that the cluster is a remnant of a pre-existing small Galaxy.

This must have happened a long time ago. it is generally observed that stars in other clusters are about the same age and have the same chemical composition. But apart from that, the stars in Omega Centauri are quite different. The chemistry of the stars in it has also been found to be different to it and there are huge difference in the age of the stars. It also has very young stars and very old stars. Scientists are trying to understand why this is a so. Observations made a few years ago have shown that there is a very massive object at the centre of this globular cluster.

To find out what could have happened, scientists observed it with the Hubble Space Telescope and Gemini observatory. Data from Hubble's advanced camera for surveys show that stars near the centre of the cluster are orbiting at it very high speed around its Core. Astronomers try to measure the speed and brightness of stars near the centre. The Scientist says it has an intermediate- mass black hole at its centre. When the mass of the black hole at its centre was calculated, its mass was estimated to be equal to 40,000 solar masses.

This giant black hole is much larger than the stellar mass black hole. But it is much smaller than the supermassive black hole in the centre of a galaxy. At the moment this cluster is a 10 times more massive than any globular cluster. No planets are usually found in such clusters. The gravity of the stars in the cluster does not allow a planet to form. Perhaps this is why planets do not exist in such clusters. There is only room for the stars. As a black hole is found in it centre, it can be assumed that the Omega Centauri must have been a dwarf Galaxy before. Whatever it is for us there are so many more interesting galactic object scattered in every direction to amaze us in this universe.

7 amazing facts about black holes.

2021-01-03T15:22:00.031+05:30

1. Today we are well aware those Black holes are the objects that have a greater gravity than any other object in the universe. But do you know why they are known by the word “Black hole”? Of course, black holes were predicted a hundred years ago. But the word black hole was first used by the American astronomers John Wheeler In 1967.

2. The temperature of the accretion disc outside a blackhole can reach millions of degree Celsius. But you may surprise to know that studies have shown that the central temperature of a supermassive black hole can be up to 1.4×10^-14 kelvin. This is an extremely freezing temperature. This temperature is very close to absolute zero but not equal to absolute zero. In fact the absolute zero temperature is -273⁰15 Celsius. At this temperature, the movement of atoms stops completely. If we talk about the coldest place, it is NASA’s Cold Atom Laboratory with a temperature of -273 degree Celsius. This is also exactly one degree less than absolute zero. Maybe that’s why black holes are so stable. Because they completely stop the movement of the particles of information contain within them.

3. As the black holes continue to increase their size by absorbing matter. But Black holes also emit radiation, as described by Stephen Hawking. This radiation is called hawking radiation. Emitting radiation continuously reduce the mass of the Black hole. Due to which the size of the Black hole constantly is decreasing. However, Hawking radiation has not yet been detected experimentally. To do this we need to create a black hole at a subatomic level which is not possible at the moment. This shows that black holes are also destroyed. They also do not live forever in this universe.

4. Do you know what is the most massive Black hole ever discovered? At the moment it is TON 618 which is an extremely bright quasar. And it exists a great distance from us. According to the scientist, its mass is estimated to be equal to 66 billion solar masses. Its unparalleled brilliance may surprise you. In fact, it is as bright as 140 trillion suns. We can estimate its magnitude from the fact that its Schwarzschild radius is equal to about 1,300 astronomical unit. Its distance from us is more than 10 billion light years. It was discovered in the year 1970 and is present in the constellation Canes Venatici.

5. You already know about the most massive Black hole. Now let’s talk about the Black hole discovered so far away from us. Its name is ULASJ1342+0922. It is the oldest known super massive black hole in the universe. This black hole is more than 13 billion light years away from us. In addition, this black hole is present in the constellation Boötes. Its distance from us is so great that its redshift is 7.54. This black hole must have formed about 700 million years after the creation of this universe. It was discovered in 2017 with the help of combined data from the Wild field infrared survey explorer and Las Compands Observatory and several ground based observatories. The age of this super massive black poses a challenge to the scientist’s knowledge of the formation of a black hole because this black hole was formed only 700 million years after the universe.

6. In addition to predicting black holes. Einstein also predicted the existence of White Holes. Today we have come to know about the existence of black holes and also those of them actually exists. The Scientist believes that a white hole exists just like a black hole. These white holes are the exact opposite of black holes. Which are probably opened by going to another universe or somewhere in space? Many scientists believe that the big bang was actually a white hole explosion that brought so much matter into the universe. If the white holes actually exist then we can understand what happen to the information that goes inside the black hole. It is connected to the black hole through a tunnel called a Wormhole.

7. Did you know that you can’t even see an object falling into a black hole for the rest of your life. This is due to time dilation. Because everyone knows that the gravity of a black hole is very high. They have the power to twist the space-time fabric around them. Due to which the time around the black hole passes very slowly. But near its Event Horizon, time would stop completely. So if an object is going into it, it will first be pulled like a long wire and then go to its Event Horizon and seem to be completely stopped when we are looking at it from a distance. But the object must have absorbed into it at the same time but for our eyes, that object is still present at its Event Horizon.

What We Need To Know About Rigel Star.

2020-12-31T18:40:00.006+05:30

The stars are a very important part of this universe. No Universe can be imagined without them. It is because of their light that we are able to know this huge Cosmos. There is much type of stars. It depends on the elements inside them. Everyone must have heard about the Orion Constellation. This constellation has been important since ancient times. This constellation and the stars in it are quite popular. In fact, it was associated with aliens. Today we will talk about Rigel, One of these famous stars. You can easily see this star without the aid of a telescope. Rigel is a very bright star. Its Apparent magnitude is +0.13 From Earth. This makes it the seventh brightest star in the night sky. Its Distance from Earth is about eight hundred and sixty light years.

Rigel is a blue super giant and is quite a massive star. In fact, the brightest stars in the universe are the blue stars. They are much brighter and more massive than the sun. These stars consume the hydrogen fuel inside them very fast. Due to which their lifespan was much shorter than that of the sun. These become supernovae in just a few millions of years. Rigel is 17 times more massive than our sun. Its surface temperature is about 12,000 degree Celsius. That’s twice has much as the sun. In terms of size, it is estimated to be 75 times larger than the sun. The Rigel star is not really a star but a triple star system. Usually we do not see these two stars with it.

But they can only be detected by a giant telescope. Both stars are much smaller than Rigel and are much farther apart. The distance of these stars from Rigel is about 2,200 astronomical units. This distance is quite wide. They are named Rigel B and Rigel C by astronomers. These three stars orbit each other in a common centre of gravity. It takes them about 24,000 years to complete one orbit. In addition, it only takes about 10 days for Rigel B and Rigel C to orbit each other. Rigel B and Rigel C fall into the category of blue and white main sequence stars.

Both of these stars can be 3 to 4 times more massive than the sun. If we talk about the brightness of the Rigel star, then Rigel star is a unique star in terms of brightness. It is thought to be 50,000 times brighter than our sun. In addition, both of the Rigel B and Rigel C stars are not much brighter. At the moment Rigel is a much larger star than the sun, and it is increasing in size even more. Blue super giant star Rigel is using the hydrogen inside it very fast and in large quantities. If we talk about its age, according to scientists, it may be up to eight million years old. These types of stars are very unbalanced. But stars like the sun are very balanced.

Because of this, the Life span of blue super giant stars like Rigel was much shorter than that of the sun. But such giant blue stars are much larger than the sun in terms of luminosity and mass. But it is constantly losing a lot of its mass. Due to the excessive amount of stellar wind being released through it. A stellar wind is charged particles that are released by the star into interstellar space. The sun emits a similar stellar wind. This stellar wind forms a heliosphere around our solar system. This prevents dangerous cosmic waves from entering the solar system.

At the moment such activities are taking place on a very large scale within Rigel. Soon it will cause its downfall. Because the stellar wind it emits is more than a million of times more powerful than the sun. That is why it will die in the next few million years. According to scientists, this star will end up in the form of a type II supernova. This is a variable star, meaning that its brightness fluctuates from time to time. Due to which its size is increasing soon after the supernova in Rigel will take the form of a black hole or a neutron star. This explosion will be easily seen on earth in the future.

Betelgeuse, a red super giant star in the same constellation, has the potential for supernovae, according to scientists.

7 Facts About Space That Will Enhance Your Knowledge.

2020-12-29T11:33:00.003+05:30

1. The Largest Cosmic Void

Do you know about the largest cosmic void in the universe? At the moment it is KBC void. Cosmic voids are places that are completely empty or have a very few galaxies. There is only darkness in them which can extend to millions of light years. Scientists say they may have been formed shortly after the big bang. It is generally believed that matter spread evenly in all directions after the Big Bang. But that probably didn’t happen. It accumulated in large numbers in many places, and only a small amount in other places. Or not at all.

Scientists attribute this to baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO). Which may be caused in considerable fluctuation in the density of matter and its speed? These vibrations can change the state of the matter. Due to which matter did not accumulate much in some places. In addition, dark energy later expanded these cosmic words to many more. The KBC void is the largest cosmic void ever discovered. It was a discovered in 2013. It is so huge that its diameter is up to 2 billion light years, and it is getting bigger. But it is not completely empty. In fact, our Milky Way galaxy is part of this cosmic void.

2. N6946-BH1

A star that suddenly disappeared

Suppose all of a sudden our Sun disappeared during the day. We do not see the sun in its place. Then the never ending winter on earth will begin. Something similar happened with this star. Scientists have discovered a very strange phenomenon millions of light years away in space. The year was 2015 when a scientist noticed that a red supergiant suddenly disappeared from its place. The name of this star was N6946-BH1Which was 20 million light years away from us. Astronomers have been observing the star for many years.

It was believed that a supernova was about to explode in the star. Its brightness was increasing. All of these symptoms were indicative Of a Supernova. But there was no supernova explosion and this star. Before the explosion, the star turned into a black hole. This usually happen after a supernova explosion. It was 25 times more massive than our Sun. Its entire mass collapsed in its own Gravity. This event was detected in the NGC 6946 Galaxy. This is present in the constellation Cygnus. Scientists call it the failed supernova or Unnova. This was considered a very strange event.

3. Intergalactic stars or Rogue stars

We may have heard of the Rouge planets many times before. This is not part of any solar system. These planets just keep wandering in interstellar space without any gravity effect. But scientists also believe that there are rogue stars that keep wandering outside the galaxies. Such stars are not part of any galaxy. These stars pop out of galaxies. Such stars begin to move towards the empty parts of space. The idea that such stars actually existed was the subject of much discussion in the late 1990s.

The Scientist says that these stars have the same origin as normal stars, but for some reason they were thrown out of the Galaxy. But then in the year 1997 the first evidence of the Rogue star was found. Evidence of the first rouge star was found in a Virgo cluster. Scientists say this could be due to a collision between two galaxies. Those stars reach intergalactic space. More than 600 Rogue stars have been discovered in the Milky Way galaxy so far. It is estimated that there are more than a trillion such a star in the entire universe. Such stars originate mostly from small galaxies.

4. The Biggest water reservoir

Image source-google | Image by-ESO/M. Kornmesser

Everyone knows the importance of water. Water is abundant in the form of the oceans of the earth. But scientists have discovered a vast amount of water in space many times greater than the water on earth. What is even more surprising that the presence of water was found around a supermassive quasar. These quasars are Ultra Luminous supermassive black holes. That release electromagnetic radiation as energy into interstellar space. This quasar is a named APM0 8279+5255. This quasar is 12 billion light years away from us. Its distance from us is a so great that its red shift is 3.911.

They are usually surrounded by gas and dust. In the middle of it is a black hole that is 20 billion times more massive than our Sun. But a 2009 study by the Hubble Space Telescope found evidence of nearby H2O. It is so large that it is more than a hundred trillion times more than the water in the oceans on Earth. In addition, this quasar is the brightest object ever discovered in space. At the moment this quasar exists in the constellation Lynx at a great distance from us. It would be amazing to find such a huge body of water in space, especially if it were near a supermassive black hole.

5. Hoag’s object

Image source-google | Image by- Pablo Carlos Budassi

A Galaxy with a distance of more than 600 million light years from the US was discovered. This Galaxy is quite strange and looks like a ring Galaxy. Hence, it is also called ring Galaxy. It was discovered by Arthur Hoag, in 1950 and become known as Hoag’s object. In fact, it is a non-typical galaxy. But it is also a fact that to this day it remains a mystery whether is a galaxy or a nebula. At its centre is a yellow nucleus surrounding by eight billion blue stars.

The size of this pacular galaxy is quite large. According to scientists, its radius is up to 60,500 light years. Its mass is estimated to be equal to 1.54 trillion suns. The centre of this object and the large amount of space in the surrounding stars is a mystery to scientists. Astronomers say that the reason why a galaxy has such a shape may be that galaxies have come close to each other. When a small galaxy and a large disk shaped galaxy collided, then may be this ring like galaxy would have formed. It has a much large numbers of blue stars that are much younger stars. This galaxy is currently in the constellation of Serpens.

6. Early solar system

Today, almost everyone knows that our solar system was formed about 4.5 billion years ago from interstellar gas and dust. Today we can see the presence of a star, 8 planets, dwarf planets and asteroids in our solar system. But the scientist says that when our solar system was in the beginning, it contains more than a hundred planets. Which at that time were destroyed by collisions. In addition, many planets have been swallowed up by the sun. That time will be full of upheaval. But today we can accept that whatever catastrophe it was at that time must have been for some good reason. That is why life on earth is possible at this time.

7. HE0437-5439

A star that is on its way out of the Milky Way galaxy. This is actually a hypervelocity star. This is travelling in interstellar space at a speed of 723 kilometres per second. The velocity of this star is so high that it is not gravitationally bound to any object in the Milky Way galaxy. The star was discovered in 2005 by the European space observatory’s large telescope array and the Kueyen 8.2 metre telescope. This is actually a B type main sequence star. It is located 200,000 light years in the constellation Dorado. It is still a very young star, estimated to be about 2.5million years old. It is a time more massive than the sun.

Its high velocity is surprising to scientists, which is three times of the orbital velocity of the sun. It is not possible to say exactly where this is actually come from. Astronomers say it may have formed near the centre of the Milky Way galaxy Sagittarius A, but later its greater gravity pushed it out faster. Due to which is has now reached this position. Now this star is moving out of the Milky Way galaxy at a speed of 723 kilometres per second. Then, in the next few thousand years the star will enter intergalactic space. This star is also called HVS3 in addition to HE0437-5439.

When Two Neutron Stars Collide, Most Violent And Brightest Event In Universe.

2020-12-08T14:34:00.002+05:30

If one look at space, at first glance it looks very calm but looking at in another light, we see that it is also in turmoil. The Neil Gehrels Swift satellite was launched in 2004. The task of this Swift satellite released by NASA is to detect a Gamma ray burst, the most powerful and energetic event in the universe. Gamma ray burst EMIT as much energy in just 2 seconds as the sun emits throughout its lifetime. All this energy came out in the form of a jet with the speed of light. This satellite has detected a lot of Gamma ray bursts so far. This could be due to the collision of two neutron star. Neutron stars are the core left over after a supernova in a star many times larger than the sun.

The effect of gravity is so great that evens the protons of a remaining Core collapse on their own and turn into a neutron. It contains the strongest metal in the universe called nuclear pasta. A neutron star is made up almost entirely of neutrons. More than a hundred years ago, Einstein predicted that when the two most massive objects in the universe Orbit each other, ripples begin to form in the space-time fabric. Which we call gravitational waves. This is the most violent event in the universe. The Cause of this phenomenon is two dead stars. These gravitational waves spread across the universe at the speed of light in every direction. This could be due to two black holes or two neutrons star.

But when two black holes collide, nothing comes out. Not even a Ray of light. Only gravitational waves are produced during this quiet event. At the moment, today we will learn about the collision of two neutron stars. In fact, when two neutron stars collide in space, it is considered to be the brightest phenomenon in the universe. As a result of the collision, so much energy is released that perhaps even the entire stars of the universe do not produce energy together. Of course this scene can be worth watching. After all, who can deny seeing the most powerful phenomenon in the universe?

Image source-google | Image by- ESO/L.Calçada/M.Kornmesser

But this explosion is so powerful that you would probably be wise to see it thousands of light years away. Neutron stars are extremely dense. Even a single drop of this is star could be weighed as much as the several thousand kilograms. The collision of two neutron stars could be caused by the binary Steller system in which the star remain within a radius of only twenty kilometres after death. It is amazing how two dead stars form a Kilonova like phenomenon on this Cosmic Level. Of course the range of these neutron stars would be just as big as a city.

Even then, their mass is many times greater than that of the Sun. They are so dense that the space in the particles is completely eliminated. After becoming a supernova in a binary staller system, the neutron stars continue to orbit each other. Over time stars gradually get closer to each other. Due to the gravitational radiation of each other, ripples begin to form in the space time fabric. This proves Einstein’s theory to be true once again. Their proximity to each other stretches and squeezes the space. This produced gravitational waves.

Image source-google | Image by-ESO/L.Calçada/M.Kornmesser

Then begins the process of merging between two neutron stars. The collision gives rise to a Kilonova Event. The collision of stars is so powerful that the magnetic field of a neutron star is tens of millions of time greater than that of the Sun. Then for Just for 2 seconds the brightest explosion in the universe occurs. It produced the Gamma Ray Burst. In which matter is expelled at the speed of light in the form of Jets. We can call it the biggest event since the Big Bang. But all this is only for two seconds. But even a single beam of Gamma Ray burst could wipe out life on earth.

It is so bright that it can be seen from thousands of light years away. But this is not the only catastrophe. This phenomenon given birth to many heavy elements such as iron, gold, platinum etc. are only born after kilonova. In fact, all the heavy elements we see on Earth today originated after a supernova in a star. This followed by the formation of a black hole. It is well known that the first gravitational wave was detected in 2015. The on August 17, 2017 a gravitational wave was detected which was caused by the collision of two neutron stars in NGC 4993, a Lenticular Galaxy. This confirms that collision between neutron star give rises to Short Gamma Ray Burst.

Image source-google | Image by- ESO/A.Roquette

This Galaxy is currently located in the Constellation Hydra at a distance of 140 million light years away from us. It was the first galaxy to detect both a gravitational wave and a Gamma Ray Burst, which was a huge discovery. These Waves are detected in Ligo and Virgo observatories. Both of these observatories were created to do just that. They received singles from this Gravitational wave for about 100 seconds. This is the first time that a collision of two neutron stars has been detected. Ligo means Laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory that was specifically set up to detect these waves.

It is one of the largest scientific instrument machine in the world. Indeed, the cosmos is so vast that even the imagination is reduced from it. There are always such shocking events happening in it. Which are waiting to come before us in this quite looking Space because its magnitude is so great that we see now would already happened.

The Way To Understand The "Creation".

2020-12-06T19:03:00.002+05:30

The explosion 13.8 billion years ago that we know today as the Big Bang, was in fact the beginning of space and time itself. Much time has passed since then and now we’re starting to show some interest in it. Everything looks perfect and true until it is broken and seen from inside. There was a time when this Earth was everything to us but when we look at our earthly neighbours, we realize that our scope is vast. We are part of a universe that we have just begun to learn about.

It started quite mysteriously. So far, we know thousands of planets, stars, asteroids and black holes. The Large Hadron collider, the world’s largest machine, enabled us to make a huge discovery. With which we are trying to know the secret of the universe about which nature does not allow us to guess. Many of the other scientists, such as Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Peter Higgs, tried to understand and explain this universe through mathematics.

These Great scientists have given a huge part of their lives to know the reality of this universe and nature. But what is the real meaning of this universe? What drives it? Why it seems so normal when is working in a very mysterious way. The fact is that when it is not viewed, it behaves differently. Quantum Mechanics that tells us that the same thing can have many possibilities. Subatomic particles can be in many places and in many forms at the same time.

These are the particles that make up everything we see. Whether we are talking about a Human being, a mountain or a distant Planet. All are made up of atoms. But in the end, who tells the atoms what shape to give to which object. Whereas it is actually determined by the electrons that travels around the nucleus inside the atom. The double slit experiment that took place many years ago revealed some amazing secrets. We discovered that electrons are quite mysterious.

When they are seen they behave differently and when they are not observed they behave differently. It proved conclusively that the world is not what it appears to us. While carries with it a lot of possibilities. After the measurement is determined what they are. There are many possibilities for that object before measurement. Before we see it, it will be in its wave form and can be in many places and forms. At the same time. This sounds very strange.

It is absolutely true in quantum physics the subatomic fundamental particles can be in many form at the same time. Many physicists, cosmologist and scientists consider Consciousness to be the key to the universe. Scientist Dr. Robert Lanza believes that this nature works only because of our Consciousness. It was in this context that he published his theory of Biocentrism. You can read this in more depth if you wish. The reason for Dr. Lanza’s theory of Biocentrism is also double slit experiment. Einstein published his theory of General Relativity about a hundred years ago.

But the truth is that today we understand the universe and space only with its help. Many of the predictions made in it are still coming to true today. Albert Einstein’s E=MC² is not just an equation but a way to understand the universe on its own. This equation makes us understand space, gravity, black holes, and gravitational waves to a great extent. Einstein said that time is relative. Not constant. Time can also be paused or stretched. In fact, travelling at a much faster speed makes time much slower for that person than others.

Of course on Earth this difference will be very small. But if we talk about travelling near the speed of light in space, then this difference can be seen much more. It’s not that Einstein travelled close to the speed of light to find it. It is clear that Einstein explained this through mathematics. Einstein tries to explain gravity to us better. In fact, gravity is just a distortion in space-time fabric. Time passes very slowly near a black hole because it distorts the space-time fabric too much.

That is why their gravity is too high. Special Relativity theory explains space to us better. Of these, gravity remains a major puzzle to this day. Gravity is considered to be the weakest of all forces. But we still don't know how it works at the fundamental level. In the year 2012 we discovered the biggest Discovery, the main reason for creation in the universe. The Higgs Boson particle was detected in the Large Hadron Collider. With this we discovered the existence of Higgs field.

The field by which we find out where the particles get their mass at the basic level and the construction of everything mean how the matter is formed. In fact, Peter Higgs was the first to predict the existence of this field in his a 1964 theory,” The Higgs field theory”. But everything that is before us today can only be explained after the big bang. The occurrence of that explosion is a huge mystery. The truth is that no matter how big our imagination is, we can't imagine what was released before the big bang or what was going on there at the time.

Many cosmologists believe that it is futile for us to think this way. That explosion of pure energy means everything to us. Everything we know about it after this Big Bang is like a drop, and all that's left to know is like a huge ocean. All the great scientist of the century has gone through the maths with which they understood and explained this universe. Perhaps we should assume that mathematics is the only way to explain this universe.

It may not sound true at first, but it can be understood slowly. The truth is that numbers are the only thing that can help us to understand everything. Electronic things like computer and mobile etc. Also run on the program of numbers. We find a distance planet based on the information that is collect in the form of numbers.

Max Tegmark is a Swedish American cosmologist and scientists. Max believes that it is a mathematics that can accurately describe this universe. He says that the universe and everything in it is nothing but a mathematical structure. You can also refuse to accept this if you wish. I didn't do much maths in my school, while my friends could do it easily. Maybe it wasn't in my power. Galileo Galilei also said that it is mathematics that reveals the secret of this vast universe. This allows us to talk to God. Because his language is also mathematics.

Most people believe that everything is created by God. He is the only one who runs the whole world and sees everything. People believe that science does not believe in the existence of god. But this is not true. When you begin to know this vast universe, our self-confidence will be towards something that convinced you that it is all the work of someone creator. Perhaps science works to understand that creator. Mathematics is the only way to find his traces. With its help the mysteries of this universe and God can also be understood. Max tegmark believe something similar.

There are some hidden patterns in everything. In their form we can find mathematical patterns. By figuring this out we can explain the things correctly. Tagmark is waiting for an Ultimate equation after which we don't need any more equations. It can also be called the theory of everything. This ultimate equation that will define and predict everything that is part of this vast Cosmos. Maybe can also unravel the mystery of matter like dark matter and dark energy. if we look, our world looks are right and easy.

But looking down at the surface reveals the secrets. Through the Hadron Collider today we can break down the particles and look inside them. Our familiar world behaves very differently at the quantum level. This shows us that nothing is solid. The solidity of something is just an illusion. Being a solid is always an illusion in front of us. Each particle has its own mass and spin.

Which we also represent with the numbers. Everything works fine because their numbers are perfectly balanced. Nothing is over or less. But if any difference is made in the numbers of these particle then everything will started to deteriorate. Probably the atoms start colliding together. Nature keeps their number very perfect. At the deep level of nature, information is hidden only in the form of numbers. The universe itself is a world of information.

Information is printed in every particle of this universe. 1 gram of DNA contains more than 200 million GB of information. The only way to understand this information is through mathematics. Probably great scientist like Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein knew this long ago. These are the numbers that explain the essence of our reality. In the world of Physics it is called the mathematical Universe hypothesis. We cannot find that ultimate equation until the next Einstein. The Greek philosopher Pythagoras stated some 2,000 years ago that numbers are the laws of the universe. Numbers in everything are hidden in the form of shapes and geometric pattern.

The planet Orbit their star in a special pattern and shape. This is called ellipse. But why not in other pattern. If we knew this pattern, we can easily tell where the planet will be at this time of year. At first glance this may seem difficult because we do not see the numbers written on the sky or on the houses. The speed of light particles is highest in space. Whose speed is 2, 99,792 km/per sec? Scientist have proved many things that once existed only in mathematics to be true and brought them to reality.

Hopefully someone will discover the theory of quantum gravity in the near future. Max believes that nature has only mathematical properties because it is a huge mathematical structure in itself. Physicist has named all the fundamental particles like charge, spin, leptons but in fact they are all mathematical numbers. All the equations that have been discovered to date have existed at one time only in imagination.

We have probably always over looked the power of the brain. The more we understand this nature, the stronger our reward will be. Our Technology will be grown and we will able to make our lives better and longer. But if we find out in the future that we were going the wrong way to understand this universe, then all our knowledge will be of no use at that time. But if not, then there is nothing in the universe that cannot be known. If is really proven that nature has only mathematical properties then theory like multiverse can also be proved right before us.

"DragonFly44" A Galaxy Almost Completely Made Up From Dark Matter.

2020-11-29T11:53:00.008+05:30

Billions of stars and their planets and even their moons orbit the centre of a galaxy. There are many types of galaxies. There are more galaxies in the entire Universe than there are stars in the Milky Way galaxy. Today we will talk about that seems to be somewhat different from all the galaxies we have discovered so far. The name is Dragon Fly 44 Galaxy which is about 300 million light years away from us. The Scientist has a very strange opinion about this galaxy discovered just a few years ago. Astronomers say the galaxy is made up about 99.99% dark matter.

Image source-google | Image by- ESA/Hubble&NASA,D.Calzetti https://spacetelescope.org/images/potw1936a/

Dark matter is a very important part of this Universe but scientists have not yet been able to see or detect it. We know about this missing substance because of the effect of its Gravity. Which retain the shape of Galaxy. Due to which the stars do not scatter out of the galaxies. Just like glue. Of course this is a very important part of this universe but its existence and its effect has always been a mystery. Discovered millions of light years away, this Dragon Fly 44 galaxy has far fewer stars than the Milky Way galaxy.

So that’s why Dragon Fly 44 galaxy emits only 1% of the light emitted by the Milky Way galaxy. This makes it almost impossible to see. But in 2015, the International Team of Astronomers discovered the galaxy with the help of The Dragon Fly Telephoto Array. But this galaxy was too dim. That’s why scientists call it the Ultra Diffuse Galaxy. When the scientist studied it in more depth, they found that it contained a very small amount of normal matter, which existed in the form of stars and dust.

This galaxy was discovered by a scientist in a Coma Cluster located in the constellation Coma Berenices. Even though a galaxy has a so few stars, it seems impossible for it to remain as a Galaxy. Especially a galaxy with less than one percent of normal matter. In that case, the stars must come out of the Galaxy, but they remained in place. The gravity of these stars cannot keep them in this galaxy. So there is something invisible that keep them in place. They are just like the stars in the normal galaxy.

In 2016, Astronomers used the Keck telescope to learn more about the galaxy. The WM Keck Observatory is a two telescope observatory located in Hawaii.

In addition, astronomers used the Gemini observatory located in Hawaii and Chile. This observatory also has two telescope observatories called Gemini north and Gemini south. Both of these observatories are one of the largest in the world. Astronomers have used these telescopes to measure the speed and velocity of the stars in this Galaxy. They did this with the help of DEIMOS meaning deep imaging multi-object spectrograph instrument. They were amazed to see that the stars were moving very fast. There was something that was speeding them all up.

So the scientist attributed this to dark matter. Scientists say that 99.99% of dark matter is a present in this Galaxy. Dark matter always presents everywhere. But the amount of it in the Dragonfly 44 Galaxy is a bit too much. This Galaxy is estimated to contain thousands of times more dark matter than the Milky Way galaxy. Even more Bizarre is the fact that this Galaxy is as much as massive as the Milky Way galaxy. Despite being present so little normal matter.

According to scientists, the mass of this Galaxy is equal to billions of trillions of Suns, or we can say that it is as heavy as the Milky Way galaxy. But where is the rest of the matter in this Galaxy? Dragonfly 44 has not been seen by astronomers for a long time. Even a powerful telescope like Hubble could not capture this Galaxy. A team of astronomers discovered this Galaxy using a special combination of telephoto lenses. This method is used to view a specific intergalactic object.

But finding this Galaxy was not easy. The Scientist worked day and night to bring this Galaxy to light. The stars in this Galaxy do not have enough gravity to keep themselves in place. Which could prevent them from disintegrating? So that's why dark matter does this works. The existence of this Galaxy and its dark matter is still a big puzzle. The reason for this will be known one day or another.

Amazing Facts About Most Brightest And Massive stars Of Universe.

2020-11-25T17:12:00.006+05:30

We lived in a very small part of this huge Galaxy. Our Milky Way galaxy is made up of billions of stars. The Sun is the main star of our solar system. The sun is always the brightest star for us because it is the closest thing to the earth. The main star in the solar system is the main source of energy for the planets in that solar system. Each star that appears at the night has its own unique identity. Just knowing about them shows how special those stars are. Sometimes we search for the star in front of which our sun looks very small. Today we will get information about some such stars. These are the stars that try to tell us how bright or massive a star can be. Thousands of telescopes and space telescopes form earth showed us the reality of the universe that we still do not fully understand. Sometime telescopes find stars that how little we understood them. Let’s first know about one such amazing star.

1. Pistol Star

Image source-google | Image by- CenterForDetectors

Just 100 light years from the centre of our Milky Way galaxy, this Pistol Star exists. This star got this strange name because of the nebula in which this star is present. The name of that nebula is Pistol Nebula because it looks like a pistol. Like its name, these stars have very special qualities. The credit for this discovery goes to Don Figer. In 1990, Don Figer discovery the pistol star in Quintuplet Cluster in Sagittarius Constellation through the Hubble Space Telescope and as I mentioned earlier, this star pistol star is present in Pistol Nebula. This Nebula is a dense cloud nebula of excessive gas and dust. New stars are born in the Nebula itself. This pistol star is Blue Hyper giant star, which is about twenty-five light thousands years away from us.

The radius of a pistol star is 212.88 million kilometres. Where the radius of our Sun is 696,340 km. This star is so much bigger than our sun that if the sun is placed in front of it, it will be like a grain of a pea in front of a football. The brightness of this star is too high. Its brightness is about a million times greater than that of our sun. In addition to this, more energy than our sun release in a year, the energy Pistol star emits in just 20 seconds. It is part of the nebula made a very dense dust and gases which makes its look very blurred. If it is not covered with the dense dust and gases, it can easily see from Earth with naked eye. It is so massive that the solar winds it emits from within are up to a hundred million times stronger than our sun.

Scientists believe that it has extracted about 10 solar masses of material from inside. Its surface temperature can be around 12000 Kelvin. At the moment the star is shining brightly because of its magnificent qualities. Scientists believe that in the next 3 million years, it will end in the form of a hyper nova. This can be easily seen from thousands of light years away. Scientists have not been able to accurately estimate its age. According to an estimate, the age of this star may be around 4 million years. Such Blue hyper giant stars consume their energy and material very quickly. As a result, the lifespan of such stars is much shorter. While stars like the sun have a lifespan of billions of years but so far it remains one of the brightest stars.

2. RMC 136a1

Image source-google | Image by- ESO/DSS 2

In 1979, scientists were studying the tarantula Nebula at the European Southern observatory for many years. They discovered a multi star system in this Nebula through the observatory’s 3.6 metre telescope. They were named R136a, R123b, and R136c. But scientists soon realize that those three stars were in fact stars clusters. But there was a very special star in the R136a star cluster. This cluster is a cluster of more than 200 stars. These entire stars were very close to each other. All these stars were spread out in just 1.6 light years. All of these star fall into the category of a very special Wolfe Rayet star. Then in 1993, WFPC (wide-field planetary camera), and old device from the Hubble Space Telescope was replaced by Wfpc-2 to detect the eight brightest star in the R136a star cluster. Of which R136a1 was captured. This star was more special than the entire star in that cluster because this star was transcending all limits of luminosity and mass.

This is the star astonished the astronomers. It was R136a1 which was 300 times more massive than the sun. It was a very rare O category Blue supergiant Star. UY scuti, which is the hundreds of times larger than this, has a mass only 30 to 40 times that of the Sun. Its brilliance was so great that it could blind anyone at once. If it were in the place of the sun in our solar system, everyone who saw it on our planet would be blinded in an instant. R136a1 is not only the brightest and most massive star in the universe but also the hottest star. Its surface temperature stays up to 52000 degree Celsius.

Such blue stars consume the fuel contain within them very fast.R136a1 Release as much energy in just 4 to 5 second as the sun does in a whole year. The star is currently in the Tarantula Nebula at a distance of 1,60,000 Light years from us. This Nebula is located outside our Galaxy. This Nebula is located inside the Galaxy large Magellanic cloud, a satellite of our Galaxy. The radius of this star is about 20 million kilometres. Blue supergiant stars are very bright and heavy stars, but they burn the hydrogen inside their core very quickly. With this, their life span is only a few million years.

This star was originally discovered long ago in 1960 by the Radcliffe observatory in Pretoria, a city in South Africa. They named it R136, which was present in the centre of the Nebula. But at the time, they considered it the only a star. This was actually a star cluster. The Apparent magnitude of this star is a 12.23, despite being about 1,60,000 light years from Earth. It is about 6.8 million times brighter than the sun.

3. Mira star

Image source-google | Image by-PabloCarlosBudassi

Mira star, which is about 400 light years from Earth. Mira in Latin means wonderful or amazing. The Mira star is as amazing as its name implies. Astronomers have been wondering since it was discovered. It is a pulsating and variable category star. Mira is a part of a binary stellar system located in the constellation Cetus. This star is also called Omicron Ceti. On August 3, 1596, David fabrious was observing Mercury. That's when he realized the existence of a new star. This new star has never been seen before. While did David fabrious was observing it, he noticed that the star was constantly growing in size and brightness.
It had multiplied its luminosity by sight, up to about +2.0 magnitudes. This in just a few days made it one of the brightest stars in the night sky.

But after a few days, is it begins to lose its light slowly. Then one day it completely disappeared. Astronomers David thought that there might be a supernova in this is star. Many years later, in 1609, the star reappeared in an unexpected way. Once again, this star had become the brightest star in the sky and then gradually lost its lustre and disappeared. Astronomers estimate that this change in the star occur after 11 months.

After 11 months it appears and disappears by gradually reducing its brightness. Mira star is a variable star which means that the star can change its size and brightness. Mira is a red supergiant star. Scientists have discovered thousands of such a star so far. When Mira is at full brightness it has an Apparent magnitude of +2.0 but when dimmed its Apparent magnitude reaches +10.0.In the year 1662, Johannes Hevelius Named it Mira. Who had been observing it for many years.

After a more in-depth study by astronomers, it was discovered that this is part of a binary stellar system. In it, two stars orbit each other at the common Barycentre. Its second star is a white dwarf star that orbits it at a distance of 70 astronomical units. This white dwarf star was detected by Chandra x-ray observations. It was named Mira b star. Ultraviolet studies carried out by NASA Space Telescope galex in 2007 revealed that the star has a very long tail. This is caused by the material emanating from this star. Scientists attribute this to the fact that the star is moving at a speed of 130 kilometres per second. Due to which the gas material is being extracted from it in such a way that it has made a tail about 12 light years long. The Scientist estimates its age to be 6 billion years old. The Mira star was one of the first discovered non supernova pulsating variable star.

4. MY Camelopardalis

About 13000 light years from our Earth, a scientist discovered two supermassive stars in the constellation Camelopardalis that were very close to each other. A few years ago, a group of a scientist discovered this amazing binary star system. This had been considered a single star for many years. Both of these are supermassive stars are O type category stars. According to scientists, these stars are evolving. Both of these Stars are very young stars. According to scientists, these blue supermassive stars may be about 2 million years old. The two stars orbit each other very closely and at very high speed. As the orbit each other so fast, their outer atmospheres touch each other’s.

Image source-google | Image by- ESO/L.Calçada

Of these, the mass of the largest star is 38 times that of the Sun and the mass of the other star is 32 times that of the Sun. That's why scientists are calling them the most massive blue twins star ever discovered. They complete each other's cycle in just 1.2 days. Their rotational speed is up to 1 million kilometres per hour. This system exists in the Alicante open cluster. Their surface temperature is up to 40,000 Kelvin. According to scientists, the two stars will probably collide with each other millions of years later.

This will give a birth to a new supermassive hyper giant star. This is a because of their outer atmosphere are touching each other causing them to merge with each other. It will be a very energetic event. This will generate unlimited amount of energy. Scientist are understanding of such star systems very deeply and studying them day and night. MY Camelopardalis Are very bright star. They can also be seen through a telescope. These blue stars are very special and scientists are gathering more information about them. Hopefully we will get to know a lot more about such amazing stars.

What Is Dyson Sphere And Why It Is Considered Around KIC-8462852?

2020-11-21T12:15:00.003+05:30

In 1960, Freeman Dyson, a British American Mathematical Physics and Astrophysics, mentioned a Dyson Sphere in a science paper, search for the artificial stellar source of infrared radiation. According to him, if there is an advanced Civilization in our Galaxy, how will we know about it? So we can see them from their main star. There will have a spherical structure that is around their star. All the energy from that star would be used by that civilization. Freeman Dyson named it a Dyson sphere. It will be a giant structure that will be built around that star. This will accumulate a large amount of energy of that star.

Image source-google | Image by- Kevin Gill

In that case the star will in infrared. The need for energy on our planet is increasing day by day. For which we're meeting the demand for energy from chemical fuels, electricity and today through nuclear fusion reactors. But all this energy resources are limited. This will surely end one day or another. The main star of that solar system is the best and unlimited source of energy. So if there was an advanced alien Civilization in the Galaxy, it would be using the energy of its star for which it would have built a huge structure. We can also call them Type 1 civilization.

But perhaps astronomers have found such a star

The Kepler space mission was launched by NASA in 2009. Its job is to keep an eye on the stars and explore their planets. It does its job well. The diameter of the primary mirror engaged in it is 1.4 metre, which is very sensitive. The Kepler Space Telescope monitors thousands of stars simultaneously. Using the Kepler transit method, the light in a star can also detected a minor fall. A Drop in the light of means that something must have come in front of it. Which is a probably one of its planets. It is named after a Johannes Kepler, A German astronomer. Similarly, the Kepler Space Telescope was making an observation in the constellation Cygnus but it seemed to be very strange in a star. That star’s light had dropped by 20%.

Even if a planet like Jupiter or Saturn came in front of its star, it could cause a drop of about 2% in a light of that star. If a start's light is reduced by 20%, it means that something very large is in front of it. Something strange was happening to that star. The name of this star is KIC- 8462852. KIC- 8462852 or also called tabby's star. It is named after the stars Discoverer Tebittha Boyanjian. Who was part of the planet Hunter project. The tabby’s star is present in the constellation Cygnus about 1500 light years. This means that there may be aliens on a planet 1500 light years away. Which are much more developed than? Astronomers have not been able to unravel, the mystery behind the star, so they have come up with many possibilities.

They said it was probably a huge dust and gas disc in front of the star. Which is blocking the light is coming from it. The second possibility is that there is a very large group of comets around it. These could be fragments of a ruined planet.

But even with a mass of comets, the light of a star cannot be diminished to such an extent. If there is a third possibility it is the possibility that the most scientist do not believe to be true. A gigantic structure belt around it by the inhabitants of another planet. Just like Freeman Dyson imagined. If such a structure really exists then it has something very interesting going on. Scientists say have built this solar Dyson sphere around their star with fragments of a destroyed planet. But it exists at a distance of 1500 light years from us. This means that the image of the star we are seeing now is 1500 years old.

Scientists have pointed to the Allen telescope array (ATA), a radio telescope, to the star so that they may be able to hear their Radio conversation. This telescope is designed to detect a very special task, extra-terrestrials intelligence alien life. Its dishes can also detect very light radio frequency coming from space, but we could not detect any radio frequency coming from the star. However, for the first time, scientists were not at all prepared to accept that any giant structure actually existed around KIC- 8462852.

It has also been featured in several science fiction films.It is not easy to build such a huge structure around a star, but it is not impossible to build one. Not all the planet in our solar system has as much energy as the sun alone. We do not use even 0.001% of the sun's energy. if not today then solar energy will be the main source of energy for us. What is the secret behind the current decline in the light of the star is still a mystery today. On May 19, 2017, scientists reported that the star was losing its light again. No one can say for sure what is happening in that star system but what is happening is very interesting.

Is it possible to create Dyson sphere?

So the answer is yes it is possible. Solar panels are a good example of this. But Dyson Swarm will be more accurate than a Dyson sphere. In it, tens of millions of solar Mirrors are placed in front of it of the sun. Every single mirror will be in the shape of a hexagon.

This will collect energy from the sun and deliver it to the earth. From an engineering point of view, it is impossible to place any megastructure send by us in front of the sun at this time. This requires a very strong material that can absorb the heat of the Sun. The second biggest problem is that a Dyson swarm's panels have to be balanced by gravitational binding to the stable manner of the Sun.

This is because they are not attracted to the sun because it’s Gravity. Scientists consider the planet Mercury to be a good thing to do. Because the amount of metals material on the planet Mercury is very high. The important thing is that it is very close to the sun. So Dyson swarm’s panels can be built on it. These Mirrors will be placed at a short distance from each other around the sun. This will reduce the risk of a comet colliding with it. It is so close to the sun that it has no atmosphere and very little Gravity. It can be easily launched by manufacturing the panels of solar Dyson Swarm. It is it possible to build on the basis of Engineering but for this we may have to wait a very long time.

Why "Phosphine Gas" In Cloud Decks Of "Venus" Proves Existence Of Life ?

2020-11-16T19:49:00.001+05:30

On September 14 this year, scientists unveiled a startling discovery. They have discovered evidence of the presence of the phosphine gas on the planet Venus in our solar system. So it is believed that there must be life somewhere on planet Venus. Today we will try to find answers to questions related to this topic. How did astronomers find out, what is Phosphine Gas, and why was it found that life was found on the planet. In fact, on September 14, 2020, e a team led by professor Jane Greaves from Cardiff University revealed the shocking effect that they had gathered evidence of phosphine gas in the dense cloud of Venus. With this Venus remains in considerable discussion. They suggest that life is a present and floating in the clouds of sulphuric acid on Venus.

This is confirmed by the presence of phosphine gas because this gas is also found on earth. This is released by micro-organisms. In fact, these gases are released by micro-organisms that live in low oxygen environment. This means that even in the dense cloud of Venus, there are microorganisms. But it is very surprising to find this gas on a planet like Venus. As we know Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system. The temperature on it is always 464 degree Celsius. In addition, its atmosphere is made up of up to 95% carbon dioxide. This makes Venus like a hot furnace. We still know very little about its surface. This indicates a very big opportunity that life is possible on a planet other than earth. No matter what the atmosphere of that planet.

Professor Jane Greaves says she and her team of astronomers were trying to see the Surface of Venus with the help of James Clerk Maxwell telescope. But suddenly they saw a sign of phosphine gas on it. Looking at the colour spectrum of the light coming from it, these are the atomic signature of this gas, that too from its dense cloud. So the question is, have astronomers really found solid evidence of life on Venus. Let’s try understanding this in more depth. This gas is a completely colourless and highly flammable gas. This gas is released by microscopic bacteria that live in an environment of without oxygen or with very little oxygen. These bacteria are found in places like mud. So even on Venus, the discovery of this gas from its density sulphuric acid substitutes is probably proving that micro bacteria are floating in its cloud.

Doctor William Bains has done extensive research on phosphine gas, proving that it can only be produced by microorganisms. In addition, it can be artificially e created in the lab. This leads to the conclusion that life exist on a planet Venus. But some scientists are not convinced. Scientists say they will EMIT this gas as a waste product. This gas is also called hydrogenphosphite. Its chemical symbol is a ph3. it was detected at an altitude of about 50 kilometres above the surface of Venus. Scientists say that this gas is only 10% of the earth. In the future we will send a lot of space mission on it. This will definitely prove The Secret.

This is very big step for us if life is really found on it. it would be completely true that any universe is not the only Earth on which life exist. So far we have no detected life anywhere other than the earth. The planets on which we have found the possibility of life are so far from earth that we cannot reach them for the rest of our lives. But on Venus we have only explored the possibility of life and not life itself. But with this Discovery, we can be sure that we may now be able to accept the truth of the aliens. Venus is under extreme pressure and the 464*C extremely hot atmosphere is always there.

But it’s very difficult for an organism to survive in such a harsh environment. The amount of Sulphuric acid is also quite high. Rain on it is also acidic. That makes life a little harder. Despite all this, life seems impossible. A scientist says life on it will be adapted to live in a very harsh environment. Which will be e completely Different from the Earth. The planet does not even have its own magnetic field. This can block dangerous solar winds from the Sun. There is no sign of water. Scientists say it may have had water on it before.

But because of heat, it all evaporated. So life is floating at an altitude of 50 kilometres above the surface where heat and pressure may be very low. There is no oxygen at all on the Venus. Probably whatever hydrogen was left on it was blown away by solar winds due to lack of magnetic field. The strangest thing about this planet is that is doesn't even fall into the habitable zone. Space Agencies will be sending missions on it in the near future so that we can learn a lot about it.

Soviet Union has sent several missions to Venus. Out of which 10 spacecraft have also landed on its surface. a total of 13 missions was sent between 1961 and 1984. But these spacecraft could not stand the hot and harsh environment of this planet. As a result, they soon stopped working. They could only work for a maximum of 2 hours. They sent us some picture of its surface during this time.

The discovery of a phosphine gas still does not prove the existence of any microorganism alien life because scientists have only figured out the possibility which will still remain just a Theory. Unless a microorganism is a physically discovered. There are always chemical activities on the Venus. So the discovery of a phosphine gas may be the result of a chemical activity. Except for a bacterial cause. But now it has become a topic of much discussion

The Complete Story Of "God Particle". From Where Does All the Matter Come From?

2020-11-13T12:49:00.013+05:30

God Particle or Higgs Boson

If I asked you where everything we know comes from, most would answer from the matter from which it is made. Then the question arises as to where that matter comes from. So matter comes from the particles that are subatomic. Everything is made of atoms. Everything is basically made up two atoms. Whether we are talking about a stone or a human being. Atoms are able to do this because of the particles inside them.

An electron inside an atom that orbit protons and neutrons. The orbit around the nucleus of an electron determined what the object will become. But even further in physics we find that protons and neutrons also contain quarks. These quarks are building blocks of matter. There are six types of quarks. At the moment we are discussing what all these have to do with the God particles. The source of the mass of those quarks or fundamental subatomic particles due to which they form matter is given to by god particle.

From the god particle we know where the matter originally comes from. Which explain us very well. This tells us where the subatomic particles get their mass. That is how they a build the things we see today, and we ourselves. So do we understand that this god particle is really God to us? Through which the entire creation was created. Let's try understanding this in more depth.

We can easily accept that this world is just as it seems unless it is at its fundamental level. Everything that happens at Quantum level determines what happen in our normal world. Quantum physics is very difficult and beyond our comprehension. Where there are particles inside in particle. The universe has been full of mysteries since its birth. We don’t know if the big bang happened or if there was a reason behind it.

What is the God particle theory?

I can say for sure that the whole life will be less to solve the questions related to it. Everything that we see today such as galaxies, stars, planets where it all did comes from. It has been discovered by a scientist in the God particle. Everyone must have heard the name of this particle at some point. So today we will try to find out about god particle or Higgs boson or Higgs field and why God particle is known by this name. Why this is so important to us. What’s the story behind it? How and where was it discovered?

In 1964 Peter Higgs was working on his theory. Peter Higgs is trying to figure out that where the basic particles get its mass from because there must have been a time after the Big Bang when these particles were completely massless only then did he predict the Higgs Field. An invisible field that provides mass to all particles. He said that all particles are completely massless before they enter in Higgs field. He presented his Higgs field theory to physicists. He told the world that there are invisible realms everywhere and at all time in the universe such as electro-magnetic field, gravitational field, magnetic field and quarks field.

In the same way there are Higgs field everywhere in the universe. This provides mass to basic fundamental particles because every basic particle must have its own mass. At the time, physicists did not know where the particle got its mass from or why there is on mass of light photons. Peter higgs explained that the more a particle interact with the Higgs field, the more mass it has. Light particles have no mass of its own because they are do not interact with higgs field. At the time, his theory was rejected by the physicists. But many physicists supported his theory. Physicists could not believe that an invisible field could give a particle mass.

Discovery of God Particle

Then in the year 2012 the work of detecting it experimentally was started. So the world largest machine, the large hadron collider, was built. The hadron collider was a type of cyclotron. Which help to change the direction of proton and increase its speed. A positive charged proton needs enough speed to collide with a particle. This is done with the help of the large hadron collider. It works just like cyclotron. Contain electric field and magnetic field. An electric field is applied to increase the speed of a positive charged proton.-God particle discovery

This puts a force on the proton which increases its speed. The direction of that proton is changed with the help of magnetic field. it rotates proton. In this way its speed can be increased several thousand times. The Large Hadron Collider is similar to a cyclotron but on a much larger scale. This speeds them up a lot. Particles need a lot of speed to collide with other because both the colliding particles have a positive charge.

Image source-google | image by - Maximilien Brice

As we know there were two positive charges are pushing each other away. It is therefore important that both protons accelerate to 99.99% of the speed of light so that the pushing effect of both these protons can be eliminated. So that they can’t push each other away even though they have the same charge. But it’s not as easy as it sounds. When two particles collide a lot of particles come out of them. Which are very difficult for the physicists to study. Scientists also encounter the process of collision of protons with each other millions of times.-higgs particle discovery

So they can stir in the Higgs field. So the search for the God Particle could be completed. Scientist needs a perfect collision to reach that particle. The same work is done in LHC. Scientists create a position after the big bang by colliding two particles. This will stir up the Higgs Field and give the birth to a new particle. That would be the decay pattern of that field, and we will find this field. But is very difficult to reach because they would disappear in a hundredth million part of a second.

Scientists at CERN, the European authority for management of the LHC or Large Hadron Collider, on July 4th, announced that they had indeed found the Higgs boson, otherwise known as the "God Particle" - so-called because this is the final key in the puzzle of how the universe is shaped every minute of every day, 365 days per year, for the last 13.7 billion years and counting.-The God particle theory

Over the last one hundred years of research in Physics, we have learned that in the sub-atomic world, there are no real particles that we can find. The basic building blocks of atoms are actually tiny place-holders in space-time that are there as a probable point in space and time. They do not exist in a way that we can say that a baseball exists, or a tree exists or a cloud. These are things in our 'Real World' that are all composed out of a series of probable events. -discovery of higgs boson

The more solid something is in our world, the more probable it is that it will persist for a while. All the total probabilities of all the tiny little sub-atomic particles all add up to what we see, hear, feel, taste and touch. The sum of all probable events is what we experience in our minds eye each and every day of our lives. For a long while, we've had to live with this definition of reality. But after the discovery of the energy that creates all of these probability events, we can start to unravel the string of events that leads up to every event of our lives and trace it back to a creative force.

The probability that a quark or an electron or a proton actually exists really depends on something that supports them from the 'ground-up' so to speak. This duty belongs to the God Particle, or the Higgs boson. In other words, all of what we call reality is built up from a series of probabilities. And, the probabilities themselves are made possible by the interaction with the God Particle, a piece of the puzzle of Reality that has been missing up until now.

What we attempt to accomplish in this book is to give the reader a greater appreciation of how the odds of any certain event in one's life is computed and then how it is fulfilled according to these immutable laws of probability. And until the discovery of the God Particle we humans would be left at that point, only in charge of computing the probability of certain events taking place on our lives.

When I first learned that the God Particle was likely to be discovered at the end of last year, I was overwhelmed with the notion that this could be the most important scientific discovery in history. Why? Because this tiniest of sub-atomic particles was thought to be the one that gave every other particle its weight and therefore its purpose. Once an atomic puzzle has an atomic weight, it slides into a militaristic marching band where all of its activities from that point on are determined by the elementary properties that that number imposes upon it.

There are no exceptions to this rule that we have found no deserters, no drop-outs, and no defections to another element. A particle's fate, it seems, whether to behave as an electron, a proton, a baryon, or a quark ion, is determined from the moment that it interacts with the God Particle Field.

Image source-google | image by- SimonWaldherr

There are a few notable exceptions to this rule, such as the photons of light. These apparently do not need to be interacting with the God Particle and isn't that ironic since in the Bible God purportedly says, "Let there be light" before he said anything else. Now, it seems, God actually could have said, "Let light be the only thing in my universe that is not subject to my particles and let light fall wherever it may, and always unimpeded." But that's another story.

The real news here is that scientists now find that everything other than light is constantly interacting with the God Particle Field or the Higgs Field. The

field is propagated like every form of energy that we know about by the God Particles. In actuality, there is no such thing as a particle as we imagine it, only place-holders in the fabric of space-time. These place-holders serve as if they were particles, but are not actually anything solid as you would imagine a particle to be, but are instead tinier globs of energy that are integral enough to behave as a particle might behave and thus their reputation.

And the oddest thing about these sub-atomic particles is that they are the same everywhere. If you could hold up and examine a proton of Oxygen, for example, it would look and feel and behaves exactly as a proton of Iron, or Potassium, or Gold. We all know, you can't breathe Gold or Iron, but it's only the inclusion of a few more of these little beauties that makes gold and unbreathable solid and a few less protons that makes Oxygen a breathable gas.

The God Particle is not any different in this respect. They are place holders but unlike all other particles in the universe they are ubiquitous, all-pervasive. They have to be in order to do their job in holding all other elements of the universe together by giving them their identity and function. When a particle has a mass of one for example, it must act as a Hydrogen Atom. When it has a mass of 92, it must act like Uranium.

Copper has a mass of 29 and this is why it behaves like Copper every time it is found. Carbon a mass of 6 and every atom with this atomic weight, everyone in the universe, of which there are untold trillions of googolplexes of them, will always act like Carbon. And so on and so on, all of which is upheld by the God Particle Field, flowing all around everything and giving everything and the everywhere its shape.

It is only the interaction of the God Particle on all the elements in the universe that makes them do what they do for us. Isn't that mind-boggling? Try to imagine in your own mind a more compact and perfect way to design the workings of the universe. I bet you cannot.

This part of what I have to say is not an exact Science, but only because it was not deduced from the workings of an accredited Scientific laboratory. But it is an ongoing experiment that exists in the laboratory of my mind. I have known for practically all my life that the major events taking form and creating patterns in my life were irresistible, inexorable and irreversible. Some of the greatest moments of my life it seems, and most of the least favourite moments had been caused by forces totally outside of my control. But what those forces were, where they came from, whom or what was behind them was always a mystery - until now.

In future instalments I hope to be able to outline precisely how the interaction with the God Particles can be determined by any person who wants to learn more about the functioning of their lives in the context of having a purpose that is intended by a higher power. It's tremendously ironic to me that the scientific community who are mostly comprised of atheists would unintentionally call the Higgs boson the God Particle.

The folks at the Large Hadron Collider who discovered the God Particle hate that this name has stuck because they do not want to imply in any way that all of the infinite impact of these bosons cold have anything to do with God. The name only stuck because that was the intention of the particles themselves to make them known at this time. I believe they wanted to be discovered and so all of the events leading up to the ten billion dollar instrument that is the Large Hadron Collider was also part of the intention to be revealed.

Therefore, if I was part of the scientific group who discovered the God Particle I would be trumpeting the information that we had found evidence that God exists from the highest mountains, but being Atheists mostly, they are not going to do that. It's left to people like me. Again, the evidence that I am using is their own scientific declaration that the FORCE that creates all other forces in the universe has been found.

They don't want to frame this magical discovery in exactly those words. But, what do you call it, when they say that their most widely accepted theory of Quantum Physics holds that there has to be a particle or wave that imparts the mass upon every other particle in the universe, except for light? What does that really mean? Mass is nothing more than momentum to these same scientists. There is no such thing as weight as we think about it when we step on the scales to determine if our diets are working. This is an illusion.

Mass is purely the resistance that our bodies have to being pushed around. That's it. We are mostly composed of empty space. There is really nothing solid about us or anything else in the universe.

So, when they say that the God Particle, the thing that gives "mass" to every other thing in the universe, they are really saying the force that gives the forces that make everything else work in the universe to behave the way it does, and that one single super-force is the God Particle. And further proof is that all of the God Particles that exist today, stitching and gluing everything together for us, were created in the first trillionth of a trillionth of the first second of the Big Bang.

They had to be, because they created all of the protons and electrons that are in existence today after the first few hours of the Big Bang, and is probably still going on today as the universe expands. So, the very subtle workings of the Creator are now not so subtle and the rest of the story is very likely to unfold over the next couple hundred years of further research into this amazing process. The most profound part of our existence that has been hidden from us all for so long is now being revealed.

Some of us never find our purpose in life. And some of us never even think about their lives purpose, and instead stumble around blindly tackling their daily chores as if they may even prefer not knowing their purpose and only reacting to whatever life throws at them. Sadly, I'm afraid this represents the vast majority of humans on the planet at this time. Evolution teaches us that these metaphysical needs are not as important as plain old survival of the fittest, so for most of us, these more ethereal assessments of our lives are unimportant or unappreciated. And yet, it may be the most important element of our lives and if missed be able to mean a life completely unfulfilled, a deeper connection with the world unattained.

And here's the proof of all this for the scientific community or anyone else to digest. According to Einstein's most well-known equation, E= Mc2 - Energy is always proportional to the mass of an object multiplied by the speed of light - Squared. Since all mass in the universe is derived from the God Particle, then it also follows that GpE (God Particle Energy) is equal to all the mass in the universe multiplied by the speed of light squared. So, we merely substitute the energy of the God Particle into the 'E' of the Equation so it reads as follows:

GpE = M(u) C2

Einstein said "The most incomprehensible thing about the universe is that it is comprehensible." In other words, all the secret inner workings of the universe is not that difficult to understand.

Why It Called God Particle

Most of people know the higgs boson by the name of God particle. This name is comes from the Leon Lederman. In fact, he wrote a book on the subject of God particle or Higgs Boson. But he named his book “the Goddamn Particle. But somehow their publisher changed the name to the God Particle. Which later become very popular. But many people also associate it with the God. They named it God particle because it sounded like a good name to them.

What is "The Higgs Field"

This is the field that provides mass to all massless particles. This field has no existed since the beginning of our universe. Most of physicists believe that the particles that existed after the big bang must have remained massless. We know that particles that have mass of their own travel at the speed of light. This field started long after the big bang.

Scientist still does not know how and when this invisible field began. This Higgs field was the cause of matters formation. But how could this invisible field have finally started. It just like someone activated higgs field after the big bang. This is a very important part of the universe. Without it, matter cannot exist in the universe. Most people assume that the Higgs Boson gives mass to all these particles.

This is not true. This is actually the Higgs field. This higgs Boson is a particle that is formed by stir in this field. This field remains the same everywhere and at all time. Whether we are talk in our home or on a distant planet.

Why God Particle is important

It was only after its Discovery that it becomes clear where all the matter that came into existence after the big bang came from. This means where all the visible things in the universe like galaxies, Stars, planets and other object came from. If this field does not exist then no elementary particle has its own mass with which matter would never have existed.

So that all elementary particles are travel at the speed of light in the space. So that electrons do not orbit the nucleus, nor do atoms form, nor do anything else and with the matter could never be formed. The mass of the quarks is the highest because they interact the most with this field. Photons have no mass of their own because they do not interact with it. I

f we get to know the god particle more deeply, we can unravel the mystery of dark matter and dark energy because 95% of our universe is a made up of this dark matter. Only 5% of this universe has normal matter. This is made up of atoms. We can also find another hidden dimension through the Large Hadron Collider. This makes string theory accurate

What If The Next Day We Meet An Advanced Alien Civilization?

2020-11-10T21:51:00.001+05:30

Until five centuries ago, it was believed that there is only on earth in the entire universe and that this is the centre of the entire universe. All the stars in the night sky revolve around the earth. But in the year of 1558, Giordano Bruno was born. Giordano Bruno appeared in 1600 AD and stated that the earth is not the centre of the universe but a small part of it. The light visible in the night sky is actually the stars like the sun, which have planets and moons of the planets and have life on them just like on our earth. The universe is infinite in every direction; it has no centre and no boundaries. Earth like planets is innumerable in the universe. But the clergy refused to believe him.

They were not at all prepared to believe that there could be life beyond the earth. Giordano Bruno was prosecuted and forced to change his mind. But he did not change his mind at all. He had realized the depth of this universe. So there was no fear in him. He was tried and given very severe punishment Just because a refuse to accept that there only life on earth. Giordano Bruno was a philosophical, theorist, cosmologist and poet. But later after the invention of the telescope, things changed.

Galileo Galilei was amazed by what he saw with the telescope. Galileo Galilei stated that Giordano’s claim is absolutely correct and today we started sending our spacecraft into interstellar space. To date we have seen a very large part of this universe which lasts 46 billion light years. There is no end to the numbers of stars and their planets. Every year we discover new stars, planets, black holes, pulsars, asteroids etc. Looking for life on new planets because we know of only one kind of life on earth.

That is why new planets are discovered every year by thousands of telescopes spread across the earth because we have no desire to believe that there is only life on earth in this infinitely vast universe. So far we have begun to find evidence of life on many planets and even on our neighbouring planets like Venus and the titan moon but not solid evidence.

But what if the next day an intelligent advanced alien civilization finds us and makes its presence known to all? What will be our situation all that time? May be they were watching us long ago and they come looking for the life of the earth. According to the University of Nottingham, they have found evidence of about 36 intelligent alien civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy. What are the similarities between them and us? What would they look like? It looks like a science fiction movie. Many movies try to portray aliens as good but others portray them as anti-humans.

But reality may be very different. About space we know that it is very large and it takes a long time for light to move in it and knowledge of mathematics and physics is the most important thing to travel in space. Without them, space cannot be understood. Galileo Galilei also said that mathematics is the language of GOD. So the universe can be understood. So if they reach us then they must have knowledge of mathematics and most importantly a language.

They and we should have these two things in common. But traveling at the speed of light is absolutely impossible. May be they will use another dimension or a wormhole with they crossed the distance of thousands of years in just a short time. What they look like depends on the type of planets they came from. Especially the gravity of their planet, the distance of their planet from their host star, planetary atmosphere, temperature etc. We will also have a lot of questions about them, what the part of the universe they come from, how advanced their technology is, do they believe in god if they do then have met their god or not how much they know about this universe.

Do they know the secret of the universe that we still searching for, such as how the big bang happened or not, it happened then what happened before. What is outside the universe because space is constantly expanding but in what is it? The most important thing is whether they will be good or bad. Whether they are good or bad it depends a lot on us. If we go to a planet where there is life so how we treat them? Even if there is a species evolving like humans or they will be treated like In the same way as other living things on the planet. The possibility that will do the same with us cannot be ignored or it will be a step towards a cosmic relationship for us.

In addition, most people think that if we meet an alien species, they will share their knowledge and technology with us. May be it could be? Another possibility is that they come to our earth only to get natural resources as shown in most movies. But that should not be the case at all because the elements that are found on earth are not rare in this universe. Elements found on earth are found everywhere in this vast universe. Whether we are talking about water, natural gases, gold or iron. Even on earth, such element comes from space millions of year ago.

Therefore, it is very unlikely that the will only come to get the Elements present on the earth. But the truth is a little harder for us to guess because reality can be very different. Many peoples claim that the intelligent alien life we are looking for has always existed on earth and that they have always kept an eye on us.

The Fermi Paradox

If this is true then how can this are proved? This thinking has given many new paradoxes which scientists have also explained. One of these is “The Fermi Paradox”. It was given by Enrico Fermi in 1950. He was a physicist at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. He said that there are billions of stars in the galaxies and that the stars have their own planets on which life is possible. The number of planets on which life existed can be in the millions.

There may be intelligent beings on many of these planets. Which will probably be involving? But after all we still don’t know where they are. Why can’t we find them? Many people were unable to answer the questions raised in this paradox. Perhaps we should understand that there is only life in Earth in the entire universe.

The Zoo hypothesis

But in 1973 Radio astronomers John Ball told the world about the Zoo hypothesis in response to the fermi paradox. This interpretation of John Ball is considered the most. According to the Zoo Hypothesis, The way we keep animals in cage in zoo, we keep them in a limited area. All animals are given a place to live in that particular place with which we can see them but we have no access to them. Something similar happened to us according to john ball’s hypothesis.

According to him, an advanced intelligent civilization has set its sights on us but in this hypothesis the zoo is our whole earth. The whole earth is like a laboratory. “They’ are probably watching us evolve naturally,” he said. They have not come before us because the time has not yet come for us to face them. May be we have not developed that much. They want us to find them ourselves, so they will not come before us. They are probably waiting for a special time to contact us directly.

That is why many people see the earth as a prison. May be that’s it. The zoo hypothesis also states that there is one of the most advanced civilization in the universe. It will be the oldest and advanced civilization in the universe. This is preventing us from meeting any other extra-terrestrials civilization. Who does not want us to face another alien civilization until we ourselves become so advanced? So maybe we have not discovered life on a planet yet.

Every year many people claim to see a U.F.O or an alien. Most of people say that they have always been coming to earth. But the truth is never completely revealed. The reason is that those photos and videos very blurry or of very poor quality. As a result, they are never considered completely true. I don’t know how much truth there is in it. But it is certain that where there is the slightly possibility of life, there can be life. No matter what form it takes there is no special element on earth that cannot be found on any other planet in the universe.