<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208</id><updated>2024-09-27T04:05:12.599-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Investigación de Operaciones II // Ing. Industrial</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>12</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-2015130805908981686</id><published>2011-06-02T22:26:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-06-02T22:27:24.237-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Teoría de decisiones</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;La teoría de decisiones proporciona una manera útil de clasificar modelos para la toma de decisiones.&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;Se supondrá que se ha definido el problema, que se tienen todos los datos y que se han identificado los cursos de acción alternativos. La tarea es entonces seleccionar la mejor alternativa.&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;La teoría de decisiones dice que esta tarea de hacer una selección caerá en una de las tres categorías generales dependiendo de la habilidad personal para predecir las consecuencias de cada alternativa.&lt;b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/2015130805908981686/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/06/teoria-de-decisiones.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/2015130805908981686'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/2015130805908981686'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/06/teoria-de-decisiones.html' title='Teoría de decisiones'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrNaGbsgY68Rer0tVFFglMNN27jDD730aKQSC0iBsFqObouvpQHAtqPKS52N0Bjsu98ua769XP5EnZMLAUC-JWKOqH_wLrlFmTmt2S6KFewh3l7MXr_zJ9v6sw7CcW-PeavLSAKyqVvEg/s72-c/D1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-1811945340845408469</id><published>2011-06-02T20:51:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-06-02T20:51:43.285-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Teoria de juegos: Estrategias aleatorias</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Una estrategia aleatoria es aquella en donde el jugador renglón elige un renglón al azar, de acuerdo con cierta distribución de probabilidad. Por ejemplo, el jugador renglón podría la siguiente distribución de probabilidad:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Si el jugador renglón utiliza esta distribución de forma predecible, como cuando selecciona repetidamente el renglón 1 dos veces y luego el renglón 2 una vez, el jugador columna podría descubrir la estrategia de responder con el fin de reducir al mínimo su eficacia. Por lo tanto, el jugador renglón debe emplear algún dispositivo aleatorio, como la rueda giratoria que se mostró anteriormente (ruleta de pueblo), con el cual elegiría 1&amp;nbsp; dos terceras partes del tiempo.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Los juegos de punta de silla están estrictamente determinados; es decir, los jugadores adoptan estrategias puras, y el curso del juego se determina por adelantado (suponiendo que los jugadores son agresivos y capaces). Los juegos sin punto de silla no están estrictamente determinados; si un jugador emplea una estrategia aleatoria, el curso del juego estará sujeto al azar, y todo puede suceder. No hay valor fijo para el juego; solo hay un valor muy probable o esperado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/1811945340845408469/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/06/teoria-de-juegos-estrategias-aleatorias.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/1811945340845408469'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/1811945340845408469'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/06/teoria-de-juegos-estrategias-aleatorias.html' title='Teoria de juegos: Estrategias aleatorias'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFfPXD452syWvVm_6DU4PTyX83mfLEtyl4FxnTi5Xz8-02yH5GSxAUH4TLQMi7jfD5_oZLcwBTmZ5ZN6gjHm3wc1N-LzetUieS7lhbpQG2ahs_U6VLpGZrgQuQJTDUQeUI4gLQVxIFgAQ/s72-c/jue1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-782329123195086186</id><published>2011-06-02T19:28:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-09-23T08:33:53.071-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Teoría de juegos</title><content type='html'>&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Historia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;La teoría de juegos como tal fue creada por el matemático húngaro John Von Neumann&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;(1903-1957) y por Oskar Morgenstern (1902-1976) en 1944 gracias a la publicación de su&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;libro “The Theory of Games Behavior”. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Anteriormente los economistas Cournot y Edgeworth habían anticipado ya ciertas ideas, a las que se sumaron otras posteriores de los matemáticos Borel y Zermelo que en uno de sus trabajos (1913) muestra que juegos como el ajedrez son resolubles. Sin embargo, no fue hasta la aparición del libro de Von Neumann y Morgenstern cuando se comprendió la importancia de la teoría de juegos para estudiar las relaciones humanas.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Von Neumann y Morgenstern investigaron dos planteamientos distintos de la Teoría de&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Juegos. El primero de ellos el planteamiento estratégico o no cooperativo. Este planteamiento requiere especificar detalladamente lo que los jugadores pueden y no pueden hacer durante el juego, y después buscar cada jugador una estrategia óptima.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;En la segunda parte de su libro, Von Neumann y Morgenstern desarrollaron el planteamiento coalicional o cooperativo, en el que buscaron describir la conducta óptima en juegos con muchos jugadores. Puesto que éste es un problema mucho más difícil, sus resultados fueran mucho menos precisos que los alcanzados para el caso de suma cero y dos jugadores.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;En los años 50 hubo un desarrollo importante de estas ideas en Princeton, con Luce and Raiffa (1957), difundiendo los resultados en su libro introductoria, Kuhn (1953) que permitió establecer una forma de atacar los juegos cooperativos, y por fin Nash (1950) quien definió el equilibrio que lleva su nombre, lo que permitió extender la teoría de juegos no cooperativos más generales que los de suma cero. Durante esa época, el Departamento de Defensa de los EE.UU. fue el que financió las investigaciones en el tema, debido a que la mayor parte de las aplicaciones de los juegos de tipo suma-cero se concentraban en temas de estrategia militar.&lt;b style=&quot;font-size: 10.5pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Definición&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;La&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;teoría de juegos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;es un área de la&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;matemática aplicada&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;que utiliza&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;modelos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;para estudiar interacciones en estructuras formalizadas de incentivos (los llamados&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;juegos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;) y llevar a cabo procesos de&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;decisión. Sus investigadores estudian las&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;estrategias&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;óptimas así como el comportamiento previsto y observado de individuos en juegos. Tipos de interacción aparentemente distintos pueden, en realidad, presentar estructura de incentivo similar y, por lo tanto, se puede representar mil veces conjuntamente un mismo juego.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conceptos de la&amp;nbsp;teoría&amp;nbsp;de juegos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Juegos bipersonales de suma cero&lt;/b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;En un&amp;nbsp;juego bipersonal de suma cero, cada uno de dos jugadores tiene que escoger entre unas&amp;nbsp;acciones dictadas a cada turno, y la pérdida de cada jugador es igual al beneficio del su contrincante. La&amp;nbsp;matriz de pagos&amp;nbsp;de un juego bipersonal de suma cero tiene reglones etiquetados por las acciones del &quot;jugador renglón&quot; y columnas etiquetadas por las acciones del su contrincante, el &quot;jugador columna.&quot; La entrada&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;ij&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;de la matriz es el&amp;nbsp;pago&amp;nbsp;que gana el jugador&amp;nbsp;renglón&amp;nbsp;en caso de que el jugador renglón usa acción&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;i&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;y el jugador columna usa acción&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;j&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;b style=&quot;font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Punto de silla, juego estrictamente determinado&lt;/b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Un&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;punto de silla&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;es un pago que es simultáneamente un mínimo de su renglón y un máximo de su columna. Para encontrar puntos de silla, Encierre en círculo los mínimos de todos los renglones y meta en caja los máximas de todas las columnas. Los puntos de silla son aquellas entradas que son simultáneamente en círculo y en caja.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 19px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Al &lt;b&gt;paraboloide hiperbólico&lt;/b&gt; también se lo denomina&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;silla de montar&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;por su gráfica. Tiene la peculiaridad de contener rectas en su superficie.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 19px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaCw21YHm8E134z8ediRmCOhmZdiipmE040wDBVxBXs9YX-wTjbxyIRB7wXtuUzJEbaREFAKK5MsO3FU3UmrQimSLgeR-V0e3khjZKXaXICRNd3KRu18i0EJraWAwWx-7i_I2oxiF_Gnk/s1600/111.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaCw21YHm8E134z8ediRmCOhmZdiipmE040wDBVxBXs9YX-wTjbxyIRB7wXtuUzJEbaREFAKK5MsO3FU3UmrQimSLgeR-V0e3khjZKXaXICRNd3KRu18i0EJraWAwWx-7i_I2oxiF_Gnk/s1600/111.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 19px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Un juego es&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;estrictamente determinado&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;si tiene por lo menos uno punto de silla. Las siguientes declaraciones se aplican a los juegos estrictamente determinado:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;&quot; type=&quot;A&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Todos los puntos de      silla en un juego tienen los mismos valores de pago.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Elegir el renglón y      la columna que pasan por cualquier punto de silla de estrategias minimax      para ambos jugadores. Es decir,&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;el juego es solucionado por el uso      de estas estrategias puras.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;El&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;valor&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;de un juego estrictamente determinado es el valor del punto de silla. Un juego&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;justo&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;tiene un valor igual a cero, si no, es&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;injusto&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;o&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;parcial&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Juegos no estrictamente determinados&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Esta clase de juegos tiene más de una alternativa de juego por la que&amp;nbsp;los jugadores podrían ganar, por lo que no están obligados a siempre jugar con la misma estrategia, no presentan un punto silla por que el número menor de todos los máximos de las columnas no es igual al número mayor de los menores de los renglones, dando como resultado un juego no estrictamente determinado.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Criterio Minimax (Maximin para el jugador columna)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;Un jugador quien usa el&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;criterio minimax&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;escoge una estrategia que, entre todas las estrategias posibles, minimiza el daño de la mejor contra-estrategia del otro jugador. Es decir, una estrategia óptima según el criterio minimax es una que minimiza el daño máximo que puede hacer el contrincante. (Cabe resaltar que el criterio Minimax, no existe en la definición, sino que se toma como adaptación del criterio Maximin para el jugador columna)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Encontrar la estrategia se llama&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;solucionar el juego.&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Criterio Maximin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;Un jugador quien usa el&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;criterio maximin&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;escoge una estrategia que, entre todas las estrategias posibles, maximiza el ingreso de las peores situaciones provocadas por el otro jugador. Es decir, conduce a la elección del mayor de los valores minimos en que pueden resultar cada estrategia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Ejemplos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgswjpbJKbRhxMNSQBzXYUCTWoAb3gM5SSozuwmjO6idsgFSRPY3mJVIXUsuPweXr3V7x-_Y1KIdUbQGRb7goK6sKUosXAVtvlsBXBD67vhE8IBohSgJBJn3btgl78AlfE9E-Cz9DZgrSs/s1600/tj3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgswjpbJKbRhxMNSQBzXYUCTWoAb3gM5SSozuwmjO6idsgFSRPY3mJVIXUsuPweXr3V7x-_Y1KIdUbQGRb7goK6sKUosXAVtvlsBXBD67vhE8IBohSgJBJn3btgl78AlfE9E-Cz9DZgrSs/s1600/tj3.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwkcGN55WFbMC1bpkipIK9mvgCfhk9081nInx0u9XLMDWT0p4FqXcgevFP27B64uXAn09Wn8opm1PVaa5lE6xQLrmuWkkcMHf8AVFYBSoNnUbifr532XhkojG94oZ9dqk_MS-syyEoEbc/s1600/tj4.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwkcGN55WFbMC1bpkipIK9mvgCfhk9081nInx0u9XLMDWT0p4FqXcgevFP27B64uXAn09Wn8opm1PVaa5lE6xQLrmuWkkcMHf8AVFYBSoNnUbifr532XhkojG94oZ9dqk_MS-syyEoEbc/s1600/tj4.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Ejemplo de estrategias dominantes y reducción del juego&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQWdgovByh6HNkg7FqCrXDN_6M2wddnRSd6MeYTNfe_xFkPzpaWyUM7kLJ4RcdtecEtWFdw6CMg8o27bDOuKma1CB_lo0HMQzbqLp58SWNsD0utiHTvaPElbMfpL19cnrLdfi37lF_Ruo/s1600/tj6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQWdgovByh6HNkg7FqCrXDN_6M2wddnRSd6MeYTNfe_xFkPzpaWyUM7kLJ4RcdtecEtWFdw6CMg8o27bDOuKma1CB_lo0HMQzbqLp58SWNsD0utiHTvaPElbMfpL19cnrLdfi37lF_Ruo/s1600/tj6.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/782329123195086186/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/06/teoria-de-juegos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/782329123195086186'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/782329123195086186'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/06/teoria-de-juegos.html' title='Teoría de juegos'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaJCPV4rkSjGYUipdYol4734rT6OSnZxXC-3tJ8y0iki736QHDg6sHRKjyOrhECU_55r138iw6uEMMiMEMk8G0KyGi1drJosWQuDtR0QPisncEpMDeDTSkl54FsHx5LJdw_2eoAK-XuCQ/s72-c/tj1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-1369019474479296000</id><published>2011-06-02T17:14:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-06-02T17:14:23.286-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Cadenas de Markov</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Historia&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEOIIvn8lgqquaqzrTRrzuYtKIg5UevR9q3g53Xwo90k4hoXDEnFMk2rk6MgfF-0CGsrC4fmkfUtf44j1nmQo9jtS6uRDlc9FY4vSqwb_fGomAjzROb-Se9hZ-Aojo_YUk1fyW6OyHmgw/s1600/markov.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEOIIvn8lgqquaqzrTRrzuYtKIg5UevR9q3g53Xwo90k4hoXDEnFMk2rk6MgfF-0CGsrC4fmkfUtf44j1nmQo9jtS6uRDlc9FY4vSqwb_fGomAjzROb-Se9hZ-Aojo_YUk1fyW6OyHmgw/s1600/markov.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Andréi Andréyevich Márkov&amp;nbsp; (&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;14 de junio&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;de&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1856&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;20 de julio&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;de&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1922&lt;/span&gt;) fue un matemático ruso conocido por sus trabajos en la teoría de los números y la teoría de probabilidades.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Márkov nació en&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;Riazán&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;Rusia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;. Antes de los 10 años su padre, un funcionario estatal, fue trasladado a&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;San Petersburgo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;donde Andréi entró a estudiar en un instituto de la ciudad. Desde el principio mostró cierto talento para las matemáticas y cuando se graduó en&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;1874&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;ya conocía a varios matemáticos de la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;Universidad de San Petersburgo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;, donde ingresó tras su graduación. En la Universidad fue discípulo de&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;Chebyshov&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;y tras realizar sus tesis de maestría y doctorado, en&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;1886&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;accedió como adjunto a la Academia de Ciencias de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;San Petersburgo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;a propuesta del propio&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;Chebyshov&lt;/span&gt;. Diez años después Márkov había ganado el puesto de académico regular. Desde&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;1880&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;, tras defender su tesis de maestría, Márkov impartió clases en la Universidad y, cuando el propio Chebyshov dejó la Universidad tres años después, fue Márkov quien le sustituyó en los cursos de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;teoría de la probabilidad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;. En&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;1905&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;, tras 25 años de actividad académica, Márkov se retiró definitivamente de la Universidad, aunque siguió impartiendo algunos cursos sobre teoría de la probabilidad.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;A parte de su perfil académico, Andréi Márkov fue un convencido activista político. Se opuso a los privilegios de la nobleza zarista y llegó a rechazar las condecoraciones del propio&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zar&quot; title=&quot;Zar&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;zar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;en protesta por algunas decisiones políticas relacionadas con la Academia de Ciencias. Hasta tal punto llegó su implicación en la política que llegó a ser conocido con el sobrenombre de &quot;el académico militante&quot;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Márkov arrastró durante toda su vida problemas relacionados con una malformación congénita en la rodilla que le llevaría varias veces al quirófano y que, con el tiempo, fue la causa de su muerte cuando el&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;20 de julio&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;del año&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;1922&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;una de las muchas operaciones a las que se sometió le produjo una infección generalizada de la que no pudo recuperarse.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;Aunque Márkov influyó sobre diversos campos de las matemáticas, por ejemplo en sus trabajos sobre fracciones continuas, la historia le recordará principalmente por sus resultados relacionados con la teoría de la probabilidad. En&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;1887&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;completó la prueba que permitía generalizar el&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;teorema central del límite&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;y que ya había avanzado Chebyshov. Pero su aportación más conocida es otra.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Su trabajo teórico en el campo de los procesos en los que están involucrados componentes aleatorios (procesos estocásticos) darían fruto en un instrumento matemático que actualmente se conoce como&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;cadena de Márkov&lt;/span&gt;: secuencias de valores de una variable aleatoria en las que el valor de la variable en el futuro depende del valor de la variable en el presente, pero es independiente de la historia de dicha variable. Las&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;cadenas de Márkov&lt;/span&gt;, hoy día, se consideran una herramienta esencial en disciplinas como la economía, la ingeniería, la investigación de operaciones y muchas otras.&lt;b style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Concepto&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Las cadenas de Markov son herramienta para analizar el comportamiento y el gobierno de determinados tipos de procesos estocásticos (procesos no determinísticos) a lo largo del tiempo en torno a un conjunto de estados. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Representa un sistema que varía su estado a lo largo del tiempo, &amp;nbsp;siendo cada cambio una transición del sistema. Estos cambios no están predeterminados, aunque sí lo está la probabilidad del próximo&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;estado en función de los anteriores, siendo esta constante a lo largo del tiempo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;¿Qué se necesita para definir una cadena de Markov?&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Conjunto de estados: &lt;/b&gt;Un estado es una caracterización de una situación en que se halla el sistema en un instante dado.&amp;nbsp; Puede ser cualitativo o cuantitativo.&lt;b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Matriz de transición (T): &lt;/b&gt;Matriz cuadrada con tantas filas y columnas como estados tiene el sistema. Sus elementos representan las probabilidades de que un estado (fila) permanezca en el mismo o cambie a los siguientes estados (columnas). La suma de las probabilidades por fila ha de ser igual a 1.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7hyphenhyphenPILY05_fno65A2iZajtei8VMYLU2F2_1VnV6jd1jo559dOGhKf14aMYuPbpKQx3OsEk0dW9KS0jAZWgmMI0QyjjHxRM38h62MJ3CHYJBTlktca-h-LommPNsU_J3iRax8LDbnpq5Y/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7hyphenhyphenPILY05_fno65A2iZajtei8VMYLU2F2_1VnV6jd1jo559dOGhKf14aMYuPbpKQx3OsEk0dW9KS0jAZWgmMI0QyjjHxRM38h62MJ3CHYJBTlktca-h-LommPNsU_J3iRax8LDbnpq5Y/s1600/1.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Composición actual (Po): &lt;/b&gt;En ocasiones se dispondrá con la composición actual de los estados, para hallar la composición de dichos estados proyectada en un periodo n.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: medium; font-weight: bold; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;A continuación, la distribución de la población segmentada según su operador celular, al año 0 es:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;Movistar: 30%&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;Tigo: 30%&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;Comcel: 40%&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Se dice que:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;a)&lt;/b&gt; Los individuos que están en Movistar tienen una probabilidad de 30% de quedarse en la misma operadora, una de 50% de cambiar a Tigo, y una de 20% para pasarse a Comcel.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;b)&lt;/b&gt; Los individuos que están en Tigo tienen una probabilidad de 70% de quedarse en la misma operadora, una de 10% de cambiar a Movistar, y una de 20% para pasarse a Comcel.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;c)&lt;/b&gt; Los individuos que están en Comcel&amp;nbsp; tienen una probabilidad de 50% de quedarse en la misma&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;operadora, una de 30% de cambiar a Tigo, y una de 20% para pasarse a Movistar.&lt;b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe8EeDiGIqbEX9E3sQ-UlUfIIbVSbXSQRzEUeb03PbXcxcHenuSI9CA1H45YAwHnc23SYbrgB5-Q0fnmvN_ukZyBzUJJZYrBX-3ZophTk1AstBuwpmJCuSK830uCkBLvh-0GN1K8I3UGI/s1600/5.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe8EeDiGIqbEX9E3sQ-UlUfIIbVSbXSQRzEUeb03PbXcxcHenuSI9CA1H45YAwHnc23SYbrgB5-Q0fnmvN_ukZyBzUJJZYrBX-3ZophTk1AstBuwpmJCuSK830uCkBLvh-0GN1K8I3UGI/s1600/5.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;&quot;&gt;Estados absorbentes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;Un estado absorbente se puede definir como aquel estado que no permita transición entre los otros estados restantes. Es decir, que la probabilidad, en la matriz T, de permanecer en el mismo estado a lo largo del tiempo, sea 1 (100%). Una vez que el sistema caiga en ese estado, jamás saldrá de allí.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Ejemplo estados absorbentes&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Una empresa de abogados emplea 3 categorías de empleados: principiantes, con experiencia y socios como se muestra en la matriz de transición.&lt;b style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7KVgXc5aazpVf-umqPeGzG9FXTluTdyqMxZQW_sAkZbAHbPS8iducb10hoG0FL68iHS-4CUEuhFzkr4dE7Ie5TyheWWlM4m3-KMEVDlDWGfv9nIbwwB2wqie97znht2Q4Oyd0QC9eYTo/s1600/6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7KVgXc5aazpVf-umqPeGzG9FXTluTdyqMxZQW_sAkZbAHbPS8iducb10hoG0FL68iHS-4CUEuhFzkr4dE7Ie5TyheWWlM4m3-KMEVDlDWGfv9nIbwwB2wqie97znht2Q4Oyd0QC9eYTo/s1600/6.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;En este caso, por definición anterior, los estados absorbentes son, o ser socio, o abandonar, ya que, si eres socio, ni abandonas, ni eres principiante, ni experto. Y cuando abandonas, no hay modo de regresar atrás. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;Para resolver el inciso &lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;a)&lt;/b&gt;, es necesario identificar que parte de la matriz T es la absorbente, y cuál es la no absorbente, siendo la sección absorbente la que interactúa con los estados absorbentes del&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: 294.7pt;&quot;&gt;sistema.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi40Xc4jMMjJKbNJf1dETvvJ8CZnhUNyYqZpa1dYj5KhZQ0SgkoMUZFCmqtY-efTvWhkZXlTGtSj75hZ6hFfc4ZAxH1kfkTKG9I2930dEPAKPkgT0hFaENP5rlMNPX6BXkVGWq87F_L3s/s1600/7.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi40Xc4jMMjJKbNJf1dETvvJ8CZnhUNyYqZpa1dYj5KhZQ0SgkoMUZFCmqtY-efTvWhkZXlTGtSj75hZ6hFfc4ZAxH1kfkTKG9I2930dEPAKPkgT0hFaENP5rlMNPX6BXkVGWq87F_L3s/s1600/7.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/1369019474479296000/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/06/cadenas-de-markov.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/1369019474479296000'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/1369019474479296000'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/06/cadenas-de-markov.html' title='Cadenas de Markov'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEOIIvn8lgqquaqzrTRrzuYtKIg5UevR9q3g53Xwo90k4hoXDEnFMk2rk6MgfF-0CGsrC4fmkfUtf44j1nmQo9jtS6uRDlc9FY4vSqwb_fGomAjzROb-Se9hZ-Aojo_YUk1fyW6OyHmgw/s72-c/markov.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-8563637515687634046</id><published>2011-03-27T09:56:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-03-27T09:56:12.773-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo EOQ Con Demanda Probabilistica</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Este modelo contempla los mismos supuestos que el modelo EOQ sin faltante, y sus ecuaciones son las mismas. Solo varía en que la demanda en un lapso de tiempo se considera como una distribución normal, con una media&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;X-trazo&amp;nbsp;y una desviación S.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8T5l9wQUIR70-5XqIh-JmTkggaoD5aSFJO4zPgdLiLPvr-5vg7dTAymhkrD8Py7r78IKiArTRYKvuia5itXG__WFUSfmjjr7_1RrfH6_l-xIGWu6qnDZUSKrEDrfHuUN0PyRiDV1JvhA/s1600/distrib+normal.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;262&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8T5l9wQUIR70-5XqIh-JmTkggaoD5aSFJO4zPgdLiLPvr-5vg7dTAymhkrD8Py7r78IKiArTRYKvuia5itXG__WFUSfmjjr7_1RrfH6_l-xIGWu6qnDZUSKrEDrfHuUN0PyRiDV1JvhA/s640/distrib+normal.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Si pedimos siempre la misma cantidad que nos muestra la media de la distribución, en un 50% de las veces, la demanda superará nuestro inventario, y en el 50% restante, nuestro inventario estará por encima de la demanda.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Por ese dilema, cada empresa establece una política de calidad en la que se establecen el número de pedidos en los que la demanda me superará, o en otra manera, un porcentaje permitido de las veces en las que la demanda será mayor que nuestras existencias. En otras palabras, el margen de error alfa.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Para hacer valer ese porcentaje de error, es necesario establecer un punto de reorden, siendo este la mínima cantidad de unidades permitidas en el inventario. Apenas se llegue a este valor, es necesario montar un nuevo pedido, para tener con que satisfacer la demanda del mercado. El objetivo de este punto es anticipar la demanda.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Este valor está limitado también al tiempo de revisión del inventario. El tiempo en el que la demanda esté expresada ha de ser el mismo de revisión. De no ser así, hacer la conversión de los parámetros estadísticos de la distribución con el fin de que el intervalo de tiempo sea igual que el de la revisión del inventario.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Este punto de reorden está previsto como:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Apliquemos los conceptos anteriormente expresados a un ejercicio:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/8563637515687634046/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/03/modelos-de-inventarios-modelo-eoq-con_27.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/8563637515687634046'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/8563637515687634046'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/03/modelos-de-inventarios-modelo-eoq-con_27.html' title='Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo EOQ Con Demanda Probabilistica'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8T5l9wQUIR70-5XqIh-JmTkggaoD5aSFJO4zPgdLiLPvr-5vg7dTAymhkrD8Py7r78IKiArTRYKvuia5itXG__WFUSfmjjr7_1RrfH6_l-xIGWu6qnDZUSKrEDrfHuUN0PyRiDV1JvhA/s72-c/distrib+normal.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-4260960845172355288</id><published>2011-03-27T08:17:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-03-27T08:17:20.239-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo EOQ Con descuento por cantidad</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &#39;Book Antiqua&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;Este modelo se basa manejar diferentes costos según las unidades pedidas, es decir, la cantidad de productos a comprar definirá el precio de los mismos. En este caso, la variable critica de decisión es el costo unitario, ya que el costo de pedir y el costo de mantener en inventario permanecen constantes sin importar la cantidad a pedir.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &#39;Book Antiqua&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &#39;Book Antiqua&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;Las empresas manejan este modelo de inventario debido a que sus costos le permiten realizar este tipo de compras, que generan una reducción del precio de venta en el producto fabricado, o un ahorro para la empresa. Este modelo les proporciona sus costos totales más bajos según sus necesidades y los recursos con los que cuenten. En la siguiente gráfica se representa este modelo.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &#39;Book Antiqua&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjow7HUq-AHSW2D4QuaOimxQYRKGG8i3RVjKaI6lj9fvr3T8I9Wo6bYOCfabYPkba8u2vZd0Ga3h30NNOqfSEC8WIqu3l4MwPaNC7o74sRfEWTAPRdffQy8fR9cnufxUWwOhvkGjdirTlI/s1600/grafico+eoq+descuento.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjow7HUq-AHSW2D4QuaOimxQYRKGG8i3RVjKaI6lj9fvr3T8I9Wo6bYOCfabYPkba8u2vZd0Ga3h30NNOqfSEC8WIqu3l4MwPaNC7o74sRfEWTAPRdffQy8fR9cnufxUWwOhvkGjdirTlI/s1600/grafico+eoq+descuento.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Para explicar mejor este modelo, acudimos a un ejemplo.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9bQ0nhAFE2DMdmZXXouzotv4aWSeFc0mGX6kStM4LVWNcTlLilZaCk6piFJvC08LM6IAxuJayTaIZCDpYO7SVml3qxsOQH9gFgjxriIQ1R5nQIcPZi0CjHN4xqOUjq1sNJXUtzlA0UFA/s1600/EOQDESCUENTO3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9bQ0nhAFE2DMdmZXXouzotv4aWSeFc0mGX6kStM4LVWNcTlLilZaCk6piFJvC08LM6IAxuJayTaIZCDpYO7SVml3qxsOQH9gFgjxriIQ1R5nQIcPZi0CjHN4xqOUjq1sNJXUtzlA0UFA/s1600/EOQDESCUENTO3.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &#39;Book Antiqua&#39;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/4260960845172355288/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/03/modelos-de-inventarios-modelo-eoq-con.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/4260960845172355288'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/4260960845172355288'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/03/modelos-de-inventarios-modelo-eoq-con.html' title='Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo EOQ Con descuento por cantidad'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjow7HUq-AHSW2D4QuaOimxQYRKGG8i3RVjKaI6lj9fvr3T8I9Wo6bYOCfabYPkba8u2vZd0Ga3h30NNOqfSEC8WIqu3l4MwPaNC7o74sRfEWTAPRdffQy8fR9cnufxUWwOhvkGjdirTlI/s72-c/grafico+eoq+descuento.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-5259180942485348423</id><published>2011-03-26T10:49:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-03-26T10:49:38.839-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo LEP (Con faltante)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;Este modelo de lote económico de producción admite faltantes, y a su vez, presenta los siguientes supuestos:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilLDRHlHiBRE9RzITRWg5s9cBOHEYyN_1ctvoZ5a8Tcy2eO3b_2D_ne1Uy2WSHmP5xOuspf-CFvruWwBCjf_3xATStPo5ECvKMJXhKAwwSL0OTR0vhc2WL5BfOh0lnfRoatu1WF2-qkgQ/s1600/suposiciones+LEP+CFalt.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;165&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilLDRHlHiBRE9RzITRWg5s9cBOHEYyN_1ctvoZ5a8Tcy2eO3b_2D_ne1Uy2WSHmP5xOuspf-CFvruWwBCjf_3xATStPo5ECvKMJXhKAwwSL0OTR0vhc2WL5BfOh0lnfRoatu1WF2-qkgQ/s400/suposiciones+LEP+CFalt.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAxKv-eMYMJvAs3Bkd-EstCIhR1fvmMapgk6sG6YOz5EfIjBr6Tf7DLZ_UI3Y1RkUgQECS0vyqA1nIj2u9vt_JIKsrQWOxMNsJ1MoSO5GPT6E3wSDIgw6iwTzzmb4WUxf5LG2G3g-lcvQ/s1600/LEP+ConFaltante.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;416&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAxKv-eMYMJvAs3Bkd-EstCIhR1fvmMapgk6sG6YOz5EfIjBr6Tf7DLZ_UI3Y1RkUgQECS0vyqA1nIj2u9vt_JIKsrQWOxMNsJ1MoSO5GPT6E3wSDIgw6iwTzzmb4WUxf5LG2G3g-lcvQ/s640/LEP+ConFaltante.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;Donde:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;t4 =&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt; Tiempo en el cual la producción se nivela con los pedidos pendientes.&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;t1= &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;Tiempo de producción en el que no hay faltantes y se llega al inventario máximo.&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;t2= &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;Tiempo que transcurre&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;para que el inventario máximo llegue a cero.&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;t3=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt; Tiempo en el que se empiezan a acumular los pedidos, es decir, hay&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;faltantes.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Definamos entonces los costos:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cmi:&lt;/b&gt; Es el costo de mantener una unidad en inventario.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cu:&lt;/b&gt; Costo unitario del producto.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cop: &lt;/b&gt;Costo de orden de producción.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cf:&lt;/b&gt; Costo por mercancía faltante.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/5259180942485348423/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/03/modelos-de-inventarios-modelo-lep-con.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/5259180942485348423'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/5259180942485348423'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/03/modelos-de-inventarios-modelo-lep-con.html' title='Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo LEP (Con faltante)'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilLDRHlHiBRE9RzITRWg5s9cBOHEYyN_1ctvoZ5a8Tcy2eO3b_2D_ne1Uy2WSHmP5xOuspf-CFvruWwBCjf_3xATStPo5ECvKMJXhKAwwSL0OTR0vhc2WL5BfOh0lnfRoatu1WF2-qkgQ/s72-c/suposiciones+LEP+CFalt.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-5364355922800868040</id><published>2011-02-27T06:16:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-27T11:09:38.054-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo LEP (Sin faltante)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;El modelo LEP (Lote económico de producción) o cantidad económica de pedido es un modelo de inventario en el que partimos de la premisa de que producimos nuestra mercancía de inventario. Este parte de los siguientes supuestos:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;La demanda es constante y es conocida.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;No se admiten faltantes. Es decir, siempre se va a suplir la demanda del cliente con la cantidad requerida por este.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Producimos a una tasa &lt;b&gt;R&lt;/b&gt; y esta siempre es mayor que la demanda &lt;b&gt;d&lt;/b&gt; periodica.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Existen costos tanto de almacenamiento como costo de producción.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Los costos se mantienen constantes.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;La reposición en el inventario es instantánea, ya que se plantea que no hay un tiempo de demora por pedidos, y que además, la cantidad de reaprovisión es la correcta (es decir, igual a la solicitada).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Este modelo presenta el siguiente comportamiento:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5YLuSGgdT77nKQcjINz21u2_i-0FuH6bROEmQowARhAuFTDpVH1g8au0wzAxmuqC8PhXbyh-UNPZEqkGfjctDSHVRYQLR12HxMiHa8AYrFYi5UqRkaG4_4a8XQpBfSqeDMEPtH9k2hrk/s1600/MODELO+LEP+SIN+FALTANTE.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;398&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5YLuSGgdT77nKQcjINz21u2_i-0FuH6bROEmQowARhAuFTDpVH1g8au0wzAxmuqC8PhXbyh-UNPZEqkGfjctDSHVRYQLR12HxMiHa8AYrFYi5UqRkaG4_4a8XQpBfSqeDMEPtH9k2hrk/s640/MODELO+LEP+SIN+FALTANTE.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Definamos entonces los costos:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cmi:&lt;/b&gt; Es el costo de mantener una unidad en inventario.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cop:&lt;/b&gt; Costo de&amp;nbsp; producción.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cu:&lt;/b&gt; Costo unitario de producto.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggWpzQjFOmm-NUjvHGC9P5Zuk21Qlbcc2EyrOt40rYtcXQnhO244JpOxKYu8K3m7GI1R5B-q4ks5ZhBy7iEDVYa_c6HsNq93mWcqQfZQs_mMbQbd-DvOlMHaUfMrAunxmaVJniSc0PyqA/s1600/LEPSinFaltEc1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggWpzQjFOmm-NUjvHGC9P5Zuk21Qlbcc2EyrOt40rYtcXQnhO244JpOxKYu8K3m7GI1R5B-q4ks5ZhBy7iEDVYa_c6HsNq93mWcqQfZQs_mMbQbd-DvOlMHaUfMrAunxmaVJniSc0PyqA/s1600/LEPSinFaltEc1.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; color: black; line-height: normal; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Si queremos hallar el valor de Q óptimo (Q*) con el que los costos Cmi y Cop se equilibren, es necesario derivar la ecuación anterior respecto a Q, y se iguala a 0 y se despeja Q. este proceso es analógico con el hallar máximos y mínimos de una función.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; color: black; line-height: normal; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirbC4KxN_crgojsPW8yQQhrkCc7DzEKP3DPo8HGPE4ALUE_cU300Gf6byHq56WBwO8qxA0GusRmHdUHBu8_xfdwyIlN_X8Rpwxab6aXTpPMFfsc0spIF0a4fsZOXNUAU8-IiUPK-yd0Go/s1600/LEPSinFaltEc2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirbC4KxN_crgojsPW8yQQhrkCc7DzEKP3DPo8HGPE4ALUE_cU300Gf6byHq56WBwO8qxA0GusRmHdUHBu8_xfdwyIlN_X8Rpwxab6aXTpPMFfsc0spIF0a4fsZOXNUAU8-IiUPK-yd0Go/s1600/LEPSinFaltEc2.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Si queremos hallar N* y t*, simplemente usamos las siguientes ecuaciones reemplazando Q por Q*.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; color: black; line-height: normal; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqxk2jc7G7tT9XrGZ27oIWITSKjMccDagJB-JdM0iwnh4jhYVWWRi38-GekCv_qRovW1hsxdnIzCC17lB2M9eDJERXhH3XQXOD6R-S6ZPSDK0oi__KLuXPpcwfje7hqjxGy4JgOsqGvPg/s1600/LEPSinFaltEc3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;61&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqxk2jc7G7tT9XrGZ27oIWITSKjMccDagJB-JdM0iwnh4jhYVWWRi38-GekCv_qRovW1hsxdnIzCC17lB2M9eDJERXhH3XQXOD6R-S6ZPSDK0oi__KLuXPpcwfje7hqjxGy4JgOsqGvPg/s200/LEPSinFaltEc3.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; color: black; line-height: normal; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;No esta de mas decir que las anteriores ecuaciones de N* y t* se pueden usar&amp;nbsp;también&amp;nbsp;en los modelos EOQ.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: black; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/5364355922800868040/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/modelo-lep-sin-faltante.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/5364355922800868040'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/5364355922800868040'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/modelo-lep-sin-faltante.html' title='Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo LEP (Sin faltante)'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5YLuSGgdT77nKQcjINz21u2_i-0FuH6bROEmQowARhAuFTDpVH1g8au0wzAxmuqC8PhXbyh-UNPZEqkGfjctDSHVRYQLR12HxMiHa8AYrFYi5UqRkaG4_4a8XQpBfSqeDMEPtH9k2hrk/s72-c/MODELO+LEP+SIN+FALTANTE.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-7950341976957009458</id><published>2011-02-27T06:09:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-27T09:46:42.392-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo EOQ (Con faltante)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Modelo EOQ (Con faltante)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Este modelo parte de los siguientes supuestos:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; La demanda es constante y es conocida.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Se admiten faltantes. Es decir, en ocasiones no se va a suplir la demanda del cliente con la cantidad requerida por este.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Existen costos tanto de almacenamiento como costo de pedir*, además del costo por faltante.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Los costos se mantienen constantes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; La reposición en el inventario es instantánea, ya que se plantea que no hay un tiempo de demora por pedidos, y que además, la cantidad de reaprovisión es la correcta (es decir, igual a la solicitada).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;*Costo de pedir se refiere al dinero involucrado en el pago de transporte o de métodos de almacenamiento de mi producto al momento de ser transportado y que el proveedor no reconoce como propios. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Este modelo presenta el siguiente comportamiento:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxcr_HoVFEhNcGHmbZZT4CFSOUbLKQz_0FE8AwHz1l6tsRdZOGTU-KI-gy4-0IdXy3SbhM5l3UD504-1UF9bAMNAefzhdq5f_yxBAkvIi9RIBdFYMESdWVUgH92pwOMRZ-2MeqLBuo0Yk/s1600/grafEOQconFaltante.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;640&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxcr_HoVFEhNcGHmbZZT4CFSOUbLKQz_0FE8AwHz1l6tsRdZOGTU-KI-gy4-0IdXy3SbhM5l3UD504-1UF9bAMNAefzhdq5f_yxBAkvIi9RIBdFYMESdWVUgH92pwOMRZ-2MeqLBuo0Yk/s640/grafEOQconFaltante.jpg&quot; width=&quot;568&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Definamos entonces los costos:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cmi:&lt;/b&gt; Es el costo de mantener una unidad en inventario.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cu:&lt;/b&gt; Costo unitario del producto.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cp: &lt;/b&gt;Costo de pedir mercancía.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cf:&lt;/b&gt; Costo por mercancía faltante.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Entonces, el costo por periodo respecto a Q y S, estará dado de la siguiente forma:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX22rpK_HiWBcC7BDueW7He5AG1l0FGsj4IeFWSyQvDIy-7hpV6JeFw7_y6cNjy3oXAXfAyP-sa_YiKRt48iZyEulZ_BqUWodxiJz5SyhQG99pH9NEF1jlUSjnK5msrJTG0Ihy-8mn9m8/s1600/EOQConFaltEc1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;51&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX22rpK_HiWBcC7BDueW7He5AG1l0FGsj4IeFWSyQvDIy-7hpV6JeFw7_y6cNjy3oXAXfAyP-sa_YiKRt48iZyEulZ_BqUWodxiJz5SyhQG99pH9NEF1jlUSjnK5msrJTG0Ihy-8mn9m8/s640/EOQConFaltEc1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;Sin embargo, para expresar los costos sin usar las variables de tiempo, tenemos que hacer las siguientes relaciones, teniendo en cuenta que Imax = Q-S, y t = Q/D.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDqF5WJwdeGQ9Iw9YoOZcwLTndILd1xrvWHeYs32TsiZWB6hOaD2WmO7Ln1ZyG_Cx_diXXchnkcneQN5j8mr23OlhjJWIHiKnxH2ALIOHBkONUhKC4WX-P4E5JYGvaOSgxh9L3lwdYvl4/s1600/EOQConFaltEc2_3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDqF5WJwdeGQ9Iw9YoOZcwLTndILd1xrvWHeYs32TsiZWB6hOaD2WmO7Ln1ZyG_Cx_diXXchnkcneQN5j8mr23OlhjJWIHiKnxH2ALIOHBkONUhKC4WX-P4E5JYGvaOSgxh9L3lwdYvl4/s1600/EOQConFaltEc2_3.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Reemplazando las relaciones halladas anteriormente en la ec. (1), tenemos la siguiente expresión:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVUDHz8v5cI6mb_UG9fEUdLBcUYOazRmrL9C0PnQdaO0FqcVKojmFdv7ehyR9LluhlwkzRAUS8ZlkdkC-SlwS8V4MhDlsXmzlLgn6SE6IcoAQ6I06XqFGOvCQjYkSo-ioPMRpwEiQgrhw/s1600/EOQConFaltEc4.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;62&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVUDHz8v5cI6mb_UG9fEUdLBcUYOazRmrL9C0PnQdaO0FqcVKojmFdv7ehyR9LluhlwkzRAUS8ZlkdkC-SlwS8V4MhDlsXmzlLgn6SE6IcoAQ6I06XqFGOvCQjYkSo-ioPMRpwEiQgrhw/s640/EOQConFaltEc4.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;Teniendo en cuenta las ecuaciones anteriores, si queremos hallar el costo anual de inventario, tenemos que multiplicar la ecuación (4) por la conocida equivalencia N=D/Q.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZ4BAMAnxKK3xBMi1HNF39HgpdDVCRBvo1_N4ghvW3GdYilkIQnV9mh4wTZhHw_kR9Yf85EJ7J5T3fG9BZPSsjmnyhiDC5P4SIYNDV4sKz9t1JNy04Lvi9zCsoDlyktdm6tF6OQfIqbaU/s1600/EOQConFaltEc5.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;70&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZ4BAMAnxKK3xBMi1HNF39HgpdDVCRBvo1_N4ghvW3GdYilkIQnV9mh4wTZhHw_kR9Yf85EJ7J5T3fG9BZPSsjmnyhiDC5P4SIYNDV4sKz9t1JNy04Lvi9zCsoDlyktdm6tF6OQfIqbaU/s640/EOQConFaltEc5.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Si queremos hallar el valor de Q óptimo (Q*) &amp;nbsp;y S optimo (S*) con el que los costos Cmi y Cp se me equilibren, es necesario derivar parcialmente la ecuación anterior respecto a Q&amp;nbsp; y S,&amp;nbsp; se iguala a 0 y se despeja Q y S. este proceso es analógico con el hallar máximos y mínimos de una función.&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ551XlRJ034ReiM4izqw4IbrRP78515-UmXHc6m1PLtQhd6V3JBzb9w6rGZr8uQ7BOMlcQvwUARgTLQydodkhlzJYnnc2U8GAdQhkD2zrG2dLUA_u7kf1HMqs4X25de9v7GjU7rrLgOk/s1600/EOQConFaltEc6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;563&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ551XlRJ034ReiM4izqw4IbrRP78515-UmXHc6m1PLtQhd6V3JBzb9w6rGZr8uQ7BOMlcQvwUARgTLQydodkhlzJYnnc2U8GAdQhkD2zrG2dLUA_u7kf1HMqs4X25de9v7GjU7rrLgOk/s640/EOQConFaltEc6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUro4hYmNKogctvwH-hOY8fn8mQCxD6wwVfB3MzPqxVOs0VK_se-0NznuHKffPSlzxnTndpX96s5MToW8VsYvRV1VrguFaTSJQIwXYhH-H4Hbg71lr4gU-4o5_3nQ7MXHk2pvzhsot_qE/s1600/EOQConFaltEc7.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUro4hYmNKogctvwH-hOY8fn8mQCxD6wwVfB3MzPqxVOs0VK_se-0NznuHKffPSlzxnTndpX96s5MToW8VsYvRV1VrguFaTSJQIwXYhH-H4Hbg71lr4gU-4o5_3nQ7MXHk2pvzhsot_qE/s1600/EOQConFaltEc7.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSD7WPRMC7s0LzDyHLhk0dTDNFGyfK8YPzwsxecwAJ3nK5lbDsc0vqb9K5cO6a3mWKLeuVbTq3EWxw9JAR-2kGzBwbQA3KTNjuxX6fL2ox5ctWwqzN8iHCcaGw5NoW5fjL6VDr70H2AVg/s1600/EOQConFaltEc8.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSD7WPRMC7s0LzDyHLhk0dTDNFGyfK8YPzwsxecwAJ3nK5lbDsc0vqb9K5cO6a3mWKLeuVbTq3EWxw9JAR-2kGzBwbQA3KTNjuxX6fL2ox5ctWwqzN8iHCcaGw5NoW5fjL6VDr70H2AVg/s1600/EOQConFaltEc8.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/7950341976957009458/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/modelos-de-inventarios-modelo-eoq-con.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/7950341976957009458'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/7950341976957009458'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/modelos-de-inventarios-modelo-eoq-con.html' title='Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo EOQ (Con faltante)'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxcr_HoVFEhNcGHmbZZT4CFSOUbLKQz_0FE8AwHz1l6tsRdZOGTU-KI-gy4-0IdXy3SbhM5l3UD504-1UF9bAMNAefzhdq5f_yxBAkvIi9RIBdFYMESdWVUgH92pwOMRZ-2MeqLBuo0Yk/s72-c/grafEOQconFaltante.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-1890061327848421403</id><published>2011-02-22T16:23:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-24T15:02:50.838-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo EOQ (Sin faltante)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;El modelo EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) o cantidad económica de pedido es uno de los modelos inventarios a estudiar. Este parte de los siguientes supuestos:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;La demanda es constante y es conocida.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;No se admiten faltantes. Es decir, siempre se va a suplir la demanda del cliente con la cantidad requerida por este.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Existen costos tanto de almacenamiento como costo de pedir*.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Los costos se mantienen constantes.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-outline-level: 3; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;La reposición en el inventario es instantánea, ya que se plantea que no hay un tiempo de demora por pedidos, y que además, la cantidad de reaprovisión es la correcta (es decir, igual a la solicitada).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;*Costo de pedir se refiere al dinero involucrado en el pago de transporte o de métodos de almacenamiento de mi producto al momento de ser transportado y que el proveedor no reconoce como propios. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Este modelo presenta el siguiente comportamiento:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW9HKUz2sEdIg1rqOM1lquHpJrYV4mz3XMlmQT0nqa31_od_6FICZxfpX-DfGywyXnmcNqDTzMQnIvpIRozNtiPL7juiqyeERNhgAGH-1aZgCWGg0HxpQ0tJRSo4Fd7d20vWPvKc4-SMQ/s1600/grafEOQsinfaltante.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;295&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW9HKUz2sEdIg1rqOM1lquHpJrYV4mz3XMlmQT0nqa31_od_6FICZxfpX-DfGywyXnmcNqDTzMQnIvpIRozNtiPL7juiqyeERNhgAGH-1aZgCWGg0HxpQ0tJRSo4Fd7d20vWPvKc4-SMQ/s320/grafEOQsinfaltante.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-outline-level: 3;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Definamos entonces los costos:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cmi:&lt;/b&gt; Es el costo de mantener una unidad en inventario.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cu:&lt;/b&gt; Costo unitario del producto.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cp: &lt;/b&gt;Costo de pedir mercancía.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Entonces, el costo por periodo respecto a Q, estará dado de la siguiente forma:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVUBlznq7LZvGM_E6zym6LHCUm9H2nWbomFBz-gwMCXlmOP2VjQYsSXMM-rowKiPoDNW_9pR1brNoND0YBTNH3-8-KUZDsAT9XtZg596DIHuL4yuiBgovFHLyj3aNoqFdy6KS8oGYyGOo/s1600/eoqSinEc1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;132&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVUBlznq7LZvGM_E6zym6LHCUm9H2nWbomFBz-gwMCXlmOP2VjQYsSXMM-rowKiPoDNW_9pR1brNoND0YBTNH3-8-KUZDsAT9XtZg596DIHuL4yuiBgovFHLyj3aNoqFdy6KS8oGYyGOo/s640/eoqSinEc1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;De la grafica anterior podemos deducir que, si una variable N indica el número de envíos necesarios en un lapso de tiempo determinado (por lo general en un año), esta variable es igual a:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Ri5I3nUaCE7gCo_3YN2-wAOm5Ghek6w4r-vMvOWlTPfDtkBpnUIkcBGn-viVBWXqlAJw-Cv3jQeDwj5v-cXp9zKgL2dXH5FOA608JsbbD-vMcZ-0ufpGr6vEYlEYX5ikOuyCcDaAHYk/s1600/eoqSinEc2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Ri5I3nUaCE7gCo_3YN2-wAOm5Ghek6w4r-vMvOWlTPfDtkBpnUIkcBGn-viVBWXqlAJw-Cv3jQeDwj5v-cXp9zKgL2dXH5FOA608JsbbD-vMcZ-0ufpGr6vEYlEYX5ikOuyCcDaAHYk/s1600/eoqSinEc2.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;Para poder observar mejor el comportamiento de la expresión anterior, D y Q están en lapsos de tiempo diferentes. Podríamos determinar que D es anual y que nuestra reaprovisión Q este en unidades (Q también podría darse en unidades de producto sobre unidad de tiempo, pero parte del modelo es hallar el valor de t1, por lo que Q se expresa en unidades de producto).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;Para hallar T, podemos partir de la siguiente fórmula:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQZHTJerXTnDmdLuL32d1pqS2SFHlqMMuB9AG-W3EG5ALM0Iv5iBfX79HB43BpewwoGgi7oENQ4qqq4rgxi1x-u2NMJVOKJ9XDDr2YvWMZU0nlHcU-HVfd8Qa_yeK0qIJAGyZlmhcqKn0/s1600/eoqSinEc3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQZHTJerXTnDmdLuL32d1pqS2SFHlqMMuB9AG-W3EG5ALM0Iv5iBfX79HB43BpewwoGgi7oENQ4qqq4rgxi1x-u2NMJVOKJ9XDDr2YvWMZU0nlHcU-HVfd8Qa_yeK0qIJAGyZlmhcqKn0/s1600/eoqSinEc3.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;El resultado de t tiene como unidades la unidad de tiempo utilizada en la demanda.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;Teniendo estas tres ecuaciones, si queremos hallar el costo anual de inventario, tenemos que multiplicar la ecuación (2) por (1).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi10VQnkVqMBTLOz6oWKhMj7fCkCEqmexiARIKSmCFEO-cidv_YDbRPW07ugMtk0Kix_RPCfgb3CCS_7YTQWj98ltWTPNWhm6MmDaMziUmzF0UzfZbCHlgFpdYChacDM12kdcX2wPg4m9M/s1600/eoqSinEc4.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;276&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi10VQnkVqMBTLOz6oWKhMj7fCkCEqmexiARIKSmCFEO-cidv_YDbRPW07ugMtk0Kix_RPCfgb3CCS_7YTQWj98ltWTPNWhm6MmDaMziUmzF0UzfZbCHlgFpdYChacDM12kdcX2wPg4m9M/s640/eoqSinEc4.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Si queremos hallar el valor de Q óptimo (Q*) con el que los costos Cmi y Cp se me equilibren, es necesario derivar la ecuación anterior respecto a Q, y se iguala a 0 y se despeja Q. este proceso es analógico con el hallar máximos y mínimos de una función.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDb4bXCv6MRZ1jiiRpJ7nYO4M339kNBOgm1vk_9g64VQPZri1IzySGDGzDg5E5vgswxB7qKqy1qVlYYFLJELufX4ITsCzOPej-9Cb_CUCYCT7bjcgcFUdDy3T7wWs7X6ykukl2_SlUAUg/s1600/eoqSinEc5.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDb4bXCv6MRZ1jiiRpJ7nYO4M339kNBOgm1vk_9g64VQPZri1IzySGDGzDg5E5vgswxB7qKqy1qVlYYFLJELufX4ITsCzOPej-9Cb_CUCYCT7bjcgcFUdDy3T7wWs7X6ykukl2_SlUAUg/s1600/eoqSinEc5.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;tab-stops: center 220.95pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/1890061327848421403/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/modelo-eoq-sin-faltante.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/1890061327848421403'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/1890061327848421403'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/modelo-eoq-sin-faltante.html' title='Modelos de Inventarios: Modelo EOQ (Sin faltante)'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW9HKUz2sEdIg1rqOM1lquHpJrYV4mz3XMlmQT0nqa31_od_6FICZxfpX-DfGywyXnmcNqDTzMQnIvpIRozNtiPL7juiqyeERNhgAGH-1aZgCWGg0HxpQ0tJRSo4Fd7d20vWPvKc4-SMQ/s72-c/grafEOQsinfaltante.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-5110289814057100988</id><published>2011-02-22T16:07:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-22T16:07:53.669-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Modelos de Inventarios</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCpFt75npAUmqCBaJHbxsWmvDMNeEzbYs0AG7l8QcD9gMZDOsAM1qSFye1rwNfgEZGEbcVVLZO7Abo7UW5My5LTVRUVbceVZhml7V2ZES73GQP6n33jsmOitJCxqcXztk-CkUgUEbzbcw/s1600/inventario.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;213&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCpFt75npAUmqCBaJHbxsWmvDMNeEzbYs0AG7l8QcD9gMZDOsAM1qSFye1rwNfgEZGEbcVVLZO7Abo7UW5My5LTVRUVbceVZhml7V2ZES73GQP6n33jsmOitJCxqcXztk-CkUgUEbzbcw/s320/inventario.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Toda empresa tiene que manejar inventarios ya que se ve forzada a hacerlo, por el simple hecho de garantizarle al cliente un producto en el momento determinado, y en la cantidad requerida, con los estándares de calidad apetecidos. Sin embargo, una punto de vista diferente, sugiere que los inventarios existen ya que la respuesta de los proveedores no es inmediata. Los inventarios se encuentran tanto en la logística de aprovisionamiento (Inventarios de materia prima), como en la logística de operaciones (Inventario de productos en proceso), así como en la logística de distribución (Inventario de producto terminado). Para controlar los inventarios, existen diversos modelos que nos ayudan a determinar cantidades a pedir, tiempo optimo de pedido, entre otras variables, de las que depende el costo total de almacenamiento.&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/5110289814057100988/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/modelos-de-inventarios.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/5110289814057100988'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/5110289814057100988'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/modelos-de-inventarios.html' title='Modelos de Inventarios'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCpFt75npAUmqCBaJHbxsWmvDMNeEzbYs0AG7l8QcD9gMZDOsAM1qSFye1rwNfgEZGEbcVVLZO7Abo7UW5My5LTVRUVbceVZhml7V2ZES73GQP6n33jsmOitJCxqcXztk-CkUgUEbzbcw/s72-c/inventario.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1256108731000758208.post-2515339130497325758</id><published>2011-02-22T16:05:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2011-02-22T16:05:29.524-08:00</updated><title type='text'>¿QUÉ ES LA INVESTIGACIÓN DE OPERACIONES?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjKjtzE18eXga_KPJ7icnqGeyTcdB7XF3-D_D5y5AnJLodVAcVG9sv_H0IVrF73EiKc2j2CrTcOarzR63MZwZigANtbGBh9nw5Bx1_xkJo5emO3GF3F3ywwkDSN9_pboFGoJUd4GNgNRg/s1600/foto01.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjKjtzE18eXga_KPJ7icnqGeyTcdB7XF3-D_D5y5AnJLodVAcVG9sv_H0IVrF73EiKc2j2CrTcOarzR63MZwZigANtbGBh9nw5Bx1_xkJo5emO3GF3F3ywwkDSN9_pboFGoJUd4GNgNRg/s1600/foto01.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;La investigación de operaciones no es más que la aplicación de principios, modelos y algoritmos matemáticos con el objetivo de facilitar la toma de decisiones en una empresa.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;El objetivo de este blog es de facilitarle al lector los conceptos básicos de Investigación de operaciones, así como los modelos matemáticos de más aplicabilidad para la toma de decisiones.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/feeds/2515339130497325758/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/que-es-la-investigacion-de-operaciones.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/2515339130497325758'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/1256108731000758208/posts/default/2515339130497325758'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://io2-ingindustrial.blogspot.com/2011/02/que-es-la-investigacion-de-operaciones.html' title='¿QUÉ ES LA INVESTIGACIÓN DE OPERACIONES?'/><author><name>Federico Lafaurie Barros</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/06683879826245589828</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZanjjBCZat9_MlX457uk6P7AgMNK78-Zv1XleEQJrKgvzgcLMBS5JvdlLt6grcujVppFELlh0U8V46UtDObNsA_Kf7x-IKirvdJVPcPak7LjTTNpnXDn1tbwViZ9O8yk/s220/jaO9xRD3_400x400.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjKjtzE18eXga_KPJ7icnqGeyTcdB7XF3-D_D5y5AnJLodVAcVG9sv_H0IVrF73EiKc2j2CrTcOarzR63MZwZigANtbGBh9nw5Bx1_xkJo5emO3GF3F3ywwkDSN9_pboFGoJUd4GNgNRg/s72-c/foto01.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>