<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930</id><updated>2024-10-07T08:01:01.187+03:00</updated><category term="Atelier 10 - Topirea"/><category term="Atelier 05 - Pilirea"/><category term="Atelier 09 - Lipirea"/><category term="Seminarii 2011"/><category term="Atelier 08 - Traforarea"/><category term="Seminarii 2012"/><category term="Atelier 01 - Cultura atelierului de bijuterii"/><category term="Atelier 02 - Trasarea"/><category term="Atelier 03 - Punctarea"/><category term="Atelier 04 - Masurarea / Compararea"/><category term="Atelier 06 - Gaurirea / Frezarea"/><category term="Atelier 07 - Forfecarea"/><category term="Info 01 - Istoric recent si informatii generale"/><title type='text'>Ipunct Com</title><subtitle type='html'>... totul pentru bijutieri si bijuterii ...</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>29</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-6661434829856171098</id><published>2014-07-23T16:07:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2014-07-24T10:42:19.654+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Info 01 - Istoric recent si informatii generale"/><title type='text'>Scurt istoric recent si informatii generale ale domeniului cu metale pretioase in Romania</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;border: none; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; tab-stops: 177.2pt 184.3pt 7.0cm;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;INFORMAȚII GENERALE&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;/&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;ISTORIC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 177.2pt 184.3pt 7.0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 177.2pt 184.3pt 7.0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Metale prețioase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Aur, argint și metalele din grupa platinei sunt materii prime din care se realizează bunuri și se folosesc în tehnică, medicină, tezaur, alimentație.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;&quot;&gt;Plus valoarea majoră&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Se realizează la producția și comerțul cu bijuterii întrucât, spre deosebire de alte domenii de aplicabilitate a metalelor și pietrelor prețioase, în cazul bijuteriilor se utilizează cea mai mare cantitate e metale și pietre prețioase (peste 60%), în plus cererea de bijuterii deține cea mai mare cotă de piață din totalul produselor și serviciilor ce au la bază metale și pietre prețioase.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Controlul aurului&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Nu necesită o altă modalitate decât controlul general la alte materii prime sau bunuri asemănătoare - motive:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- este materie primă ca și multe altele;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- stocurile sunt constituite din capital privat;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- nu afectează sănătatea și siguranța publică;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- nu pune în pericol siguranța națională;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- reglementările contabile generale sunt suficiente (practica întâlnită și în celelalte state UE);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- nediscriminarea și pentru profesii este prevăzută în Constituție;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Anacronisme&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Persistă în zilele noastre, cum că: „.. aurul trebuie controlat sever…” prin tot felul de măsuri, însă cei care susțin această aberație nu au cunoștințe despre sursa anacronismului.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;V.I. Lenin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Într-un discurs din 1918: „bijuteriile și obiectele din metal prețioase sunt un semn de decadență a burgheziei… iar, în concepția noastră, se vor folosi metalele pretioase doar pentru căptușirea toaletelor publice datorită caracteristicilor acestora…”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Monopol strict&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Statele comuniste au pus monopol strict asupra metalelor prețioase și pietrelor prețioase – la fel și Romania în perioada totalitară – unde doar unitățile socialiste și cooperativele erau îndreptățite să efectueze operațiuni în domeniu;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Controlul monopolului&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;- În România au fost realizate departamente specializate ale Miliției și BNR, iar în cele mai multe cazuri controalele au fost executate ca în filmele americane: „…fața la perete, mâinile sus, picioarele îndepărtate, nu vorbește nimeni…”, percheziții corporale – inclusiv lenjeria intimă, căutări în sertare, pe și sub dulapuri, în ghivecele de flori și coșurile de gunoi etc.! &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Poate că mai sunt anumite persoane (unele si cu puteri decizionale!) care au asemenea viziuni inumane, nedemocratice, anacronice și total neavenite.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Tradiție de peste 6000 de ani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt; Țara noastră deține o istorie de peste șase mii de ani în ceea ce privește prelucrarea aurului în bijuterii, fiind cea mai îndelungată din Europa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;
 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
 mso-style-noshow:yes;
 mso-style-priority:99;
 mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;
 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
 mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
 line-height:115%;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:11.0pt;
 font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;
 mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;
 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
 mso-style-noshow:yes;
 mso-style-priority:99;
 mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;
 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
 mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
 line-height:115%;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:11.0pt;
 font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;
 mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: -252.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Perioada interbelică&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Începând cu anii 1250 până în perioada interbelică bijutierii și argintarii erau organizați în bresle. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Realizările meseriașilor din aceste organizații era remarcabilă, produsele breslelor din Brașov și Cluj fiind căutate în toată Europa Medievală. În muzeele din țară și din străinătate se pot admira obiecte realizate în acea perioadă de către bijutierii din această zonă.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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 /* Style Definitions */
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&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 212.65pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;border: none; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; tab-stops: 212.65pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;REGLEMENTĂRI &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;LEGALE / ÎN TRECUT&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;ȘI&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;PREZENT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Contradicție legislativă&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Până în 2004 a fost în vigoare Decretul 244 din 1978, care reglementa monopolul strict al statului în domeniu, prin care numai unitățile socialiste și cooperativele aveau dreptul de a efectua operațiuni cu metale și pietre prețioase. Atribuții de control, până în 1989, avea Miliția și BNR, care în multe cazuri au organizat acțiuni de control de o severitate ieșită din comun, abuzurile fiind una dintre cele mai utilizate practici. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Din 1989 operatorii (în mare parte SRL-uri) trebuiau să obțină aprobarea unui judecător pentru efectuarea operațiunilor în domeniu. În aceste condiții destul de dure, cu un trecut înspăimântător și cu un prezent plin de obstacole și bariere administrative, totuși această ramură economică s-a dezvoltat în mod miraculos, după „Revoluție”, în ciuda faptului că mulți antreprenori au fost supuși unor abuzuri, astăzi greu de imaginat. Ex.: &lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;sectoristul&lt;/b&gt; controla marcarea obiectelor, &lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;SANIPID&lt;/b&gt;-ul făcea stocul de aur și multe, multe altele!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Primul Patronat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- În anul 2000 s-a constituit primul patronat în această branșa (Patronatul Bijutierilor din România - PBR), care s-a implicat activ pentru blocarea intenției de creare a unui Oficiu Național de Marcare, inițiat de premierul de atunci, fost și actual șef al BNR.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;„Oficiul” dorit de premier nu s-a realizat, iar atribuțiile de control în domeniu s-au transferat la ANPC în urma propunerii și susținerii acestui demers într-o formă bine argumentată din partea patronatului.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: -252.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Deci, faptul că astăzi ANPC reglementează și monitorizează piața obiectelor din metale și pietre prețioase se datorează în mare parte PBR care, în ciuda opiniilor generalizate, nu și-a dorit un sector fără niciun fel de control – un „no man&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;&quot;&gt;’s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;land” al bijutierilor, ba dimpotrivă, a considerat imperativ necesar un control corect, eficient și bazat pe principiile liberale ale economiei de piață, ca factor determinant de creștere economică și prosperitate în această ramură de activitate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;OUG 190/2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;A fost promulgată in anul 2004, act normativ în care două cerințe ale Patronatului nu au fost realizate și &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;anume:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;1. autorizarea trebuia acordata pe baza dovezii de profesionalitate;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;2. crearea unui sistem de școlarizare.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Lipsa acestora ne creează și în prezent probleme majore.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Modalitatea autorizării operațiunilor cu metale și pietre prețioase a fost complet distorsionată de către ANPC, asimilând-o ca pe o sursă de venituri, lipsită chiar și astăzi de orice justificare corectă. În fapt, această autorizare constituie o suprataxare nejustificată a unei ramuri economice, contribuind astfel la o decapitalizare semnificativă a operatorilor din domeniu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;border: none; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;SITUAȚIA ECONOMICĂ DIN RAMURĂ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Astăzi în România&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- Operează peste 6000 de firme din care aproximativ 2000 prestează servicii și produc bijuterii, iar aproximativ 200 de firme dețin mijloace de producție modernă.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Peste 60.000 de persoane mai sunt direct angajate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Producția autohtonă&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- A involuat dramatic, nereușind să țină pasul cu piața nefiscalizată.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;În 2008 s-au vândut în Romania, aproximativ 1.000 kg de bijuterii din aur de 585/000 pe lună. Tehnologia disponibilă la noi și capacitățile de producție ar fi fost suficiente pentru a putea satisface cel puțin jumătate din cererea pieței, cu rezultate economice impresionante atât pentru branșă, cât și pentru consumator și bugetul de stat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;La momentul actual se produc circa 100 kg de bijuterii din aur de 585/000 pe lună și dublu cantitate de bijuterii din argint.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Piața autohtonă&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;În 2004 s-a produs o dezechilibrare majoră în această ramură economică prin eliminarea accizării bijuteriilor vândute în casele de amanet. Această măsură coroborată și cu TVA-ul a însumat un avantaj de peste 50% din prețul normal fiscalizat. Astfel s-a creat miza pentru piața neagră. Sacoșarii, care la început aprovizionau din Turcia casele de amanet, au luat-o pe cont propriu și au ajuns în timp la cote de peste 75-80% din totalul pieței!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Fiscalitatea uriașă și discriminatorie combinată cu o birocrație excesivă și costisitoare a condus, inevitabil, la situația de mai sus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Piața nefiscalizată&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Păgubește în primul rând producția internă și comerțul legal. Apoi contribuie esențial la operațiuni ilicite prin care sunt păcăliți consumatorii. Iar bugetul consolidat este văduvit semnificativ.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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&lt;div style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;PERSPECTIVE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Colaborare instituțională&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;În 2013 s-a încheiat un protocol de colaborare între confederațiile patronale UGIR-1903, CONPIROM și ANPC prin care s-a stabilit colaborarea &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;instituțiilor pentru elaborarea unui nou act normativ care să conducă la soluționarea problemelor identificate. Ceea ce constituie un prim pas democratic în exercițiul legiferării în acest domeniu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Probleme majore&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Lipsa de profesionalitate și de etică profesională sunt carențele majore care determină situația precară a domeniului, situație care trebuie schimbată. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Soluții propuse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Colaborarea inter-instituțională pentru: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- ridicarea nivelului de profesionalitate;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- introducerea unui Cod de Bune Practici;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- eficientizarea și simplificarea acțiunilor de control de calitate;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- responsabilizarea deplină a operatorilor în ceea ce privește calitatea și denumirea produselor;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- acțiuni de informare a consumatorilor;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- crearea unei platforme comune de dialog pentru evidențierea disfuncționalităților și carențelor și identificarea unor soluții pentru îndepărtarea acestora.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Atribuții&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Stabilite astfel încât să poată asigura atât protecția eficientă a consumatorilor cât și funcționalitatea coerentă a întregii ramuri economice, astfel încât să beneficieze la maxim și bugetul consolidat:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- prin eficientizarea acțiunilor de control a calității produselor și prin ridicarea nivelului tehnologic necesar pentru determinarea exactă a titlului metalelor prețioase din aliajele bijuteriilor;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- prin ridicarea nivelului de profesionalitate și prin realizarea ordinii și corectitudinii în „bucătăria internă” a breslei operatorilor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Atingerea obiectivelor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 153.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -153.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- ANPC se va focusa pe controlul corect al conținutului de metal prețios din produse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;- „COLEGIUL” – instituție organizatorică profesională (creată de către patronate și înființată prin lege) se va ocupa în mod eficient de ridicarea nivelului de profesionalitate și de corectitudine în ceea ce privește întreaga conduită etică obligatorie a operatorilor, prin întocmirea unui “Cod de Bune Practici” și respectarea cu strictețe a acestuia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Rezultatul&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt; unei astfel de organizare va fi:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 153.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;1. Protecția consumatorilor va fi maximă prin eliminarea unor poveri birocratice, ineficiente și inutile ale ANPC și posibilitatea de a se putea concentra asupra controlul calității produselor și ale denumirii acestora (în special la conținutul pietrelor prețioase).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: -252.0pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;2. Calitatea produselor și ale serviciilor operatorilor vor fi ridicate și corect oferite consumatorilor prin respectarea Codului de Bune Practici introdus în mod obligatoriu pentru fiecare operator, administrat și controlat de „COLEGIU”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;border: none; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 191.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -191.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;border: none; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 191.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -191.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;border: none; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 191.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -191.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;MARCAREA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 157.5pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -157.5pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Scopul&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;marcării este informarea corectă a consumatorului asupra conținutului de metal prețios în aliajul din care este realizat obiectul si cine raspunde de calitatea acestuia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 157.5pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -157.5pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 156.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -156.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Conținutul corect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;1. MARCA TITLULUI = însemnarea proporției în miimi al metalului prețios conținut in aliajul din&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/b&gt;care este realizat obiectul; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;2. MARCA DE RESPONSABILITATE = identitatea operatorului care stă în relație directă cu consumatorul.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;Pentru cazuri de excepție&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;3. MARCA DE STAT – la cererea consumatorului sau a operatorului;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;4. MARCA CONVENȚIEI – la cererea operatorilor interesați.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Marcare obligatorie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Marca Titlului și Marca de Responsabilitate sunt singurele mărci obligatorii. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Argumente&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- scopul real al marcării – informarea consumatorilor;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- toleranța negativă a titlului - interzisă prin reglementări internaționale; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- delegarea răspunderii directe a vânzătorului față de consumator către alt operator – interzisă prin reglementări internaționale.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Marcarea instituționalizată obligatorie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- nu generează plus valoare în raport cu costurile necesare realizării;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- nu se pot exclude erorile la marcarea instituționalizată;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- generează costuri uriașe prin birocrația necesară;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- generează taxe inutile;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- favorizează apariția corupției;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- poate genera înșelăciune la scara mare prin posibilitatea de falsificare a mărcilor instituției;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- avantajează piața nefiscalizată care nu va avea de suportat costurile operaționale generate de birocrație și de taxe;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- generează probleme juridice – deoarece nu se poate face o supervizare cu taxare fără responsabilitatea instituției care aplică mărcile;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- generează probleme economice prin pagube produse operatorilor ca urmare a întârzierii livrărilor datorită duratei marcării instituționalizate;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- poate fi interpretată ca bariera severă în libera circulație a mărfurilor - un pilon principal al UE;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- proceduri de laborator complicate și costisitoare și de durata în timp pentru determinarea exacta a titlului;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- este anacronică, iar majoritatea țărilor în care se practică provin din fostul lagăr comunist;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- în contextul competiției economice de globalizare nu se mai justifică o asemenea practică;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;- la o eventuală armonizare a domeniului pe plan european, o asemenea practică nu ar avea șanse de a fi introduse, deoarece nu numărul țărilor va conta, ci voturile pe care la are fiecare țară, iar țările precum Italia, Germania și multe altele care nu au marcarea instituționalizată obligatorie, dețin majoritatea hotărâtoare de voturi în comisa de resort.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -7.1pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;border: none; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;border: none; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm; padding: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Concluzie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 155.95pt; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 155.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -155.95pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Instituțiile implicate în elaborarea actelor de reglementare a acestui domeniu ar trebui să țină cont și să procedeze cu bună credință și profesionalism, respectând reciproc scopul instituțiilor pentru protecția consumatorilor, pentru reprezentarea intereselor legale ale organizațiilor civice patronale și profesionale pentru a putea ajunge la o reglementare modernă și eficientă care ar trebui să conducă la o siguranță pentru consumatori și la o predictibilitate în această ramură economică pentru operatori.&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;
 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
 mso-style-noshow:yes;
 mso-style-priority:99;
 mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;
 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
 mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
 line-height:115%;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:11.0pt;
 font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;
 mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 180.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 180.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -180.0pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;RO&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;
 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
 mso-style-noshow:yes;
 mso-style-priority:99;
 mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;
 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
 mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
 line-height:115%;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:11.0pt;
 font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;
 mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;
 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
 mso-style-noshow:yes;
 mso-style-priority:99;
 mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;
 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
 mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
 line-height:115%;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:11.0pt;
 font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;
 mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;   &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:RelyOnVML/&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/6661434829856171098/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2014/07/scurt-istoric-recent-si-informatii.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/6661434829856171098'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/6661434829856171098'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2014/07/scurt-istoric-recent-si-informatii.html' title='Scurt istoric recent si informatii generale ale domeniului cu metale pretioase in Romania'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, Bucharest, Romania</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049651 26.002845100000059</georss:point><georss:box>44.3992931 25.992760100000059 44.410637099999995 26.012930100000059</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-3349173532980816765</id><published>2012-08-20T11:20:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-21T13:39:27.423+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Seminarii 2012"/><title type='text'>Seminarul &quot;Scoala altfel&quot;</title><content type='html'>&lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgscT7YC-zFRCg2lD3KdZu023H6Y8mDKOjfU-KtXAv7Y7eQrq690dOBRd3BPYuyKuugBnl-noT9sh0a7VR2_QkPhHuGFeNWw853eElSa5BsGJc5oc7XcaMZuYFp0dcmIcnw4HjxbmbyzN0/s1600/10.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;211&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgscT7YC-zFRCg2lD3KdZu023H6Y8mDKOjfU-KtXAv7Y7eQrq690dOBRd3BPYuyKuugBnl-noT9sh0a7VR2_QkPhHuGFeNWw853eElSa5BsGJc5oc7XcaMZuYFp0dcmIcnw4HjxbmbyzN0/s320/10.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Seminarul &quot;Scoala altfel&quot;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Firma IPUNCT, prin inițierea și promovarea unor campanii de informare a 
tineretului cu privire la ocupațiile din domeniul operațiunilor cu 
metale și pietre prețioase, contribuie la pregătirea profesională a 
tineri&lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot;&gt;lor în vederea formării carierelor profesionale ale acestora.&lt;br /&gt;
 Un exemplu concludent în acest sens îl reprezintă seminarul ținut de 
domnul Heinz Karl la sediul firmei IPUNCT la care a participat, prin 
intermediul progamului educațional &quot;Școala altfel&quot;, un grup de elevi de 
clasa a III- a din cadrul Liceului teoretic Eugen Lovinescu.&lt;br /&gt; 
Seminarul a avut ca subiecte pietrele și metalele prețioase, topirea și 
turnarea metalelor prețioase, precum și prezentarea succintă a tuturor 
operațiunilor din domeniul menționat anterior.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/3349173532980816765/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/scoala-altfel.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3349173532980816765'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3349173532980816765'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/scoala-altfel.html' title='Seminarul &quot;Scoala altfel&quot;'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgscT7YC-zFRCg2lD3KdZu023H6Y8mDKOjfU-KtXAv7Y7eQrq690dOBRd3BPYuyKuugBnl-noT9sh0a7VR2_QkPhHuGFeNWw853eElSa5BsGJc5oc7XcaMZuYFp0dcmIcnw4HjxbmbyzN0/s72-c/10.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-750840449542744981</id><published>2012-08-19T11:20:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-21T13:39:39.336+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Seminarii 2012"/><title type='text'>Seminarul de galvanotehnie</title><content type='html'>&lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWJA7AGEu0F50495k9F8SvLQoVhqnnrzhjJ0QlqeRE0w4Yv4aX0zeE4Yvu4JOjsJLpX_Pf3Yrn0BkFr89_HgbKzXVF7hK1BpWEjqVM9Y2JihkPQdx0dQpgMocIR8Ij-6Mu5K61-Ovvx4I/s1600/1+bun.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;210&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWJA7AGEu0F50495k9F8SvLQoVhqnnrzhjJ0QlqeRE0w4Yv4aX0zeE4Yvu4JOjsJLpX_Pf3Yrn0BkFr89_HgbKzXVF7hK1BpWEjqVM9Y2JihkPQdx0dQpgMocIR8Ij-6Mu5K61-Ovvx4I/s320/1+bun.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Seminarul de galvanotehnie&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
După succesul și rezonanța seminarului de Galvanotehnie a anului trecut  și a interesului manifestat de participanți, firma IPUNCT a organizat un  nou seminar pe aceeași temă în data de 30 si 31 mai 2012.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seminarul este conceput pentru domeniul de bijuterie pe baza unei structuri tehnice si pedagogice probate si eficiente, va fi coordonat de domnul Karsten Zech, care este profesor de Galvanotehnie la Academia de bijutieri din Ahlen, Germania.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Participanții a&lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot;&gt;u obținut Certificate de participare la seminarul de perfecționare &lt;/span&gt;și mapa seminarului cu întregul &lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot;&gt;material prezentat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/750840449542744981/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/galvanotehnie_2647.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/750840449542744981'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/750840449542744981'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/galvanotehnie_2647.html' title='Seminarul de galvanotehnie'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWJA7AGEu0F50495k9F8SvLQoVhqnnrzhjJ0QlqeRE0w4Yv4aX0zeE4Yvu4JOjsJLpX_Pf3Yrn0BkFr89_HgbKzXVF7hK1BpWEjqVM9Y2JihkPQdx0dQpgMocIR8Ij-6Mu5K61-Ovvx4I/s72-c/1+bun.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-4904542602276278103</id><published>2012-08-18T11:18:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-21T13:39:51.848+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Seminarii 2011"/><title type='text'>Seminarul de sudura &quot;PUK&quot;</title><content type='html'>&lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSJSmlOvvzyfRLyvrfbIlLXwO7Wpl6fuKv4JcvoI3eN4VW7CoycY0nvwr_hePhwbiVF_CylPbiR7eCq5Xi4hxQP0oPuApxpjw_wccr9NbIWQE-R5ZZ2iZk8ifaQhzhXWtktyC1AXSw30Y/s1600/4.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;212&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSJSmlOvvzyfRLyvrfbIlLXwO7Wpl6fuKv4JcvoI3eN4VW7CoycY0nvwr_hePhwbiVF_CylPbiR7eCq5Xi4hxQP0oPuApxpjw_wccr9NbIWQE-R5ZZ2iZk8ifaQhzhXWtktyC1AXSw30Y/s320/4.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Seminarul de sudura &quot;PUK&quot;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Firma IPUNCT a organizat in luna iulie seminarul de sudura speciala &quot;PUK&quot;. Solicitarile pentru organizarea unui seminar pe aceasta tema au fost numeroase astfel incat s-au organizat 2 seminarii, unul in data de 5 si unul in data de 6 iulie.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Leader-ul seminarului a fost domnul Alex Weise, tehnologul de la firma Lampert, producatorul PUK-ului si docent la Academia Internationala de Bijutieri Ahlen, din Germania.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Seminarul a fost tinut in limba romana prin traducerea simultana a prezentarilor. Mapa seminarului a fost redactata in limba romana.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Dupa prezentarea teoretica s-a trecut imediat la aplicatii practice la cele 10 aparate de sudura, cate unul pentru fiecare participant. Un spatiu mai larg in prezentare a fost dedicat sudurii argintului, care datorita conductibilitatii termice creeaza probleme la acest fel de sudura. Insa cu ultima generatie a PUK-ului se pot rezolva in mod satisfacator si sudurile la argint.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
O mare parte dintre utilizatorii care lucrau deja de mai mult timp cu PUK-ul, au putut sa-si completeze cunostintele si sa-si largeasca semnificativ orizontul de lucru cu aplicatiile PUK.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Participanții a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;u obținut Certificate de participare la seminarul de perfecționare &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;și mapa seminarului cu întregul &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;material prezentat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/4904542602276278103/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/sudura-puk.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4904542602276278103'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4904542602276278103'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/sudura-puk.html' title='Seminarul de sudura &quot;PUK&quot;'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSJSmlOvvzyfRLyvrfbIlLXwO7Wpl6fuKv4JcvoI3eN4VW7CoycY0nvwr_hePhwbiVF_CylPbiR7eCq5Xi4hxQP0oPuApxpjw_wccr9NbIWQE-R5ZZ2iZk8ifaQhzhXWtktyC1AXSw30Y/s72-c/4.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-1795609421291764754</id><published>2012-08-17T11:17:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-21T13:40:00.903+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Seminarii 2011"/><title type='text'>Seminarul de galvanotehnie</title><content type='html'>&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDt6E1rHkE8l2u0o5RYxjrIVkmz8umZ2lw7WLDydsTQ8sZZtQk0-LJY9N1TLR9TdX-EUG303uFtekW0Jy8_P8XzMvLQftluAQ7LwiWX9z_Wceff1QZl5rIiph2irG17tbhFjicBaQx5GI/s1600/1+bun.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDt6E1rHkE8l2u0o5RYxjrIVkmz8umZ2lw7WLDydsTQ8sZZtQk0-LJY9N1TLR9TdX-EUG303uFtekW0Jy8_P8XzMvLQftluAQ7LwiWX9z_Wceff1QZl5rIiph2irG17tbhFjicBaQx5GI/s320/1+bun.jpg&quot; width=&quot;240&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Seminarul de galvanotehnie&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Firma IPUNCT a organizat in data de 13 si 14 aprilie 2011 seminarul de galvanotehnie conceput pentru bijutieri pe baza unei structuri tehnice si pedagogice probate si eficiente.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Docentul, domnul Karsten Zech, este profesor de Galvanotehnie la Academia de bijutieri din Ahlen, Germania, si are o functie de conducere a departamentului de Galvanizare a firmei Heimerle + Meule din Pforzheim, Germania.&lt;br /&gt;
Seminarul s-a tinut in limba romana, iar domnul Karsten Zech a fost asistat de Heinz Karl, directorul tehnic al firmei IPUNCT.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Seminarul a fost structurat in parte teoretica si parte practica.&lt;/div&gt;
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La partea teoretica s-au prezentat:&lt;/div&gt;
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- instructiuni de securitate si sanatate la operatiuni cu solutiile galvanice, acizi, cianuri etc.;&lt;/div&gt;
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- principiu de galvanizare;&lt;/div&gt;
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- sistemele de galvanizare;&lt;/div&gt;
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- scopul depunerii galvanice;&lt;/div&gt;
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- solutiile folosite in galvanizare in domeniul nostru;&lt;/div&gt;
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- lucrarile necesare in succesiunea lor - de la lucrarile premergatoare, lucrari de depunere, pana la lucrarile ulterioare;&lt;/div&gt;
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- defectiuni ale straturilor galvanice depuse si evitarea acestora.&lt;/div&gt;
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Partea practica a cuprins lucrarile de galvanizare ale cursantilor sub indrumarea domnului Karsten Zech. S-au efectuat lucrari de depunere de aur, argint si rodiu. La fel s-au efectuat electrolustruiri si pasivizari la obiecte din argint.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Participanții a&lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot;&gt;u obținut Certificate de participare la seminarul de perfecționare &lt;/span&gt;și mapa seminarului cu întregul &lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot;&gt;material prezentat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/1795609421291764754/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/galvanotehnie_19.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/1795609421291764754'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/1795609421291764754'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/galvanotehnie_19.html' title='Seminarul de galvanotehnie'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDt6E1rHkE8l2u0o5RYxjrIVkmz8umZ2lw7WLDydsTQ8sZZtQk0-LJY9N1TLR9TdX-EUG303uFtekW0Jy8_P8XzMvLQftluAQ7LwiWX9z_Wceff1QZl5rIiph2irG17tbhFjicBaQx5GI/s72-c/1+bun.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-6056105161713787395</id><published>2012-08-16T11:17:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-21T13:40:10.075+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Seminarii 2011"/><title type='text'>Seminarul colorit</title><content type='html'>&lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIgiJi_mqX6Hq13ku3VJwV_DSaNqNI3hzCn_IoIONYsB2xIvZA_YnfkDkWzHI_KZgGfH-K9AUFQ0fZntpwmGRn2toXJUbGO-yna15J4OgQi4BB-zYoFOVEZD9HKrqPs01cRw9rR-v0ZLk/s1600/1+bun.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIgiJi_mqX6Hq13ku3VJwV_DSaNqNI3hzCn_IoIONYsB2xIvZA_YnfkDkWzHI_KZgGfH-K9AUFQ0fZntpwmGRn2toXJUbGO-yna15J4OgQi4BB-zYoFOVEZD9HKrqPs01cRw9rR-v0ZLk/s400/1+bun.jpg&quot; width=&quot;250&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Seminarul colorit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Acest seminar a fost organizat de firma IPUNCT. Coloritul a fost prezentat de catre domnul Alex Bodmer care este cunoscut si ca &quot;Mister Colorit&quot; deoarece domnia sa a avut o contributie esentiala la dezvoltarea intregului sistem de colorit. Acesta a realizat structura de seminarii si traininguri pentru instruirea utilizatorilor. Domnul Bodmer este profesor la Academia de Bijuteri din Ahlen, Germania. La ora actuala este implicat in dezvoltarea si finalizarea unor aplicatii in medicina si in industrie.&lt;/div&gt;
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Firma IPUNCT se preocupa din anul 2000 de comercializarea Coloritului, iar in data de 4 mai 2011 a reusit, impreuna cu producatorul si distribuitorul Coloritului - firma Heimerle + Meuledin Pforzheim, Germania, sa organizeze primul seminar de Colorit in Romania.&lt;/div&gt;
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Numarul participantilor a fost limitat la 10 persoane pentru a putea sa se realizeze instructajul individual al cursantilor.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Prima parte a fost formata din prezentarea teoretica a principiului de functionare a sistemului de Colorit si a metodelor de aplicare.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Astfel au fost prezentate:&lt;/div&gt;
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- lucrarile premergatoare;&lt;/div&gt;
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- depunerea culorilor;&lt;/div&gt;
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- obtinerea efectelor de culoare;&lt;/div&gt;
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- intarirea straturilor;&lt;/div&gt;
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- finalizarea lucrarilor.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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In partea practica, cursantii au aplicat tehnicile prezentate si au depus colorit pe obiectele aduse de ei. Cursantii care aveau deja o experienta indelungata in domeniu au putut sa-si completeze si sa-si perfectioneze tehnicile de aplicare, intarire si finisare.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Participanții a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;u obținut Certificate de participare la seminarul de perfecționare &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;și mapa seminarului cu întregul &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text_exposed_show&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;material prezentat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/6056105161713787395/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/colorit.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/6056105161713787395'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/6056105161713787395'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/colorit.html' title='Seminarul colorit'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIgiJi_mqX6Hq13ku3VJwV_DSaNqNI3hzCn_IoIONYsB2xIvZA_YnfkDkWzHI_KZgGfH-K9AUFQ0fZntpwmGRn2toXJUbGO-yna15J4OgQi4BB-zYoFOVEZD9HKrqPs01cRw9rR-v0ZLk/s72-c/1+bun.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-2437929016834914563</id><published>2012-08-01T12:23:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:50:28.127+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 01 - Cultura atelierului de bijuterii"/><title type='text'>Cultura atelierului de bijuterii</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Pe langa tehnicile de lucru, bijutierul trebuie sa cunoasca si ingrijirea corecta a sculelor si a dotarilor fara de care nu este posibila realizarea unei creatii sau productii rentabile.&lt;/div&gt;
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Prima maxima in cultura de atelier este ordinea. Aceasta in primul rand conduce la eficienta in productie si la ocrotirea sanatatii.&lt;/div&gt;
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Iluminarea corecta este conditia de baza pentru reusita.&lt;/div&gt;
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Lumina zilei este cea mai potrivita, iar daca aceasta vine de la nord si din fata bancului de lucru este ideala.&lt;/div&gt;
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Lumina artificiala trebuie sa aiba lungimile de unda cat mai apropiate de lumina zilei si totodata sa produca o umbra pronuntata.&lt;/div&gt;
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Trebuie evitate sursele de lumina fluorescente (tuburile de neon sau becurile economice! Aceasta lasa o umbra difuza, ca urmare ochiul este suprasolicitat si dupa cateva ore de lucru persoanele care sunt expuse acestei surse de iluminare vor avea ochii &quot;rosii&quot;).&lt;/div&gt;
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Sursele de iluminatie cu becuri incandescente sunt mult mai avantajoase. Ideale sunt ledurile, care au posibilitatea de a estompa (matui) razele de lumina. Sursa de lumina artificiala trebuie sa fie pe un suport flexibil pentru a putea fi amplasata usor in pozitia ideala (conditie decisiva la tintuire, gravura si lucrari de finisare).&lt;/div&gt;
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Blatul bancului de lucru este foarte important. Activitatea bijutierului se desfasoara in cea mai mare parte in fata si pe acesta.&lt;/div&gt;
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Este indicat ca materialul din care este confectionat acesta sa fie lemn de fag uscat si batran, lacuit cu lac de parchet. (Atentie! Folosind blaturile din inox sau din lemn captusite cu orice fel de tabla va puneti in pericol sanatatea - reumatism la brate si multe altele).&lt;/div&gt;
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Argumentul de &quot;pierdere de metal pretios&quot; are de obicei alte motive si nicidecum blatul din lemn de fag.&lt;/div&gt;
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O alta componenta a bancului de lucru este sortul sau sertarul in care cad deseurile sau pilitura.&lt;/div&gt;
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Folosite cu meticulozitate, ambele recupereaza la fel de bine pilitura si deseurile. Insa folosirea sortului din piele de vita prelucrata adecvat ofera o &quot;flexibilitate&quot; cu mult mai mare. Ca urmare, bijutierul se poate misca mult mai liber in timpul executarii diverselor lucrari (de exemplu diferite pozitii si inaltimi de lucru la pilire, lipire, tintuire, etc).&lt;/div&gt;
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Feilnaghelul (lemnul de pilire) trebuie fixat ferm pentru a nu se misca in timpul operatiunii de pilire sau cand se lucreaza pe el. Acest lucru este foarte important deoarece el constituie singurul punct de sprijin fix la pilire, iar daca acesta nu este fix, rezultatul pilirii nu poate fi decat unul inexact.&lt;/div&gt;
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Intretinerea blatului este importanta. Acesta se curata o data la fiecare saptamana, iar o data pe an, daca este necesar, se slefuieste si se da cu un strat de vopsea incolora de parchet.&lt;/div&gt;
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Scaunul trebuie sa fie unul reglabil in inaltime si pozitie, deoarece este foarte important ca pozitia de lucru sa fie ergonomica. Aceasta este necesara pentru sanatate si pentru realizarea lucrarilor satisfacator calitativ si cantitativ.&lt;/div&gt;
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Sculele mici de mana care se folosesc des se aseaza in suporti pe bancul de lucru, astfel incat aceasta sa fie la indemana. In multe cazuri sunt de folos dozele de conserve taiate la inaltimi adecvate.&lt;/div&gt;
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Sculele mici de mana care nu se folosesc permanent se aseaza in diferite sertare situate sub blatul de lucru.&lt;/div&gt;
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Pilele, care sunt cele mai importante scule de mana ale bijutierului nu trebuie sa fie puse unele peste altele pentru a nu se freca atunci cand sunt depozitate. In caz contrar acestea isi pierd repede eficienta.&lt;/div&gt;
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Partea activa (taietura) a pilelor nu are voie sa fie unsa deoarece, in caz contrar s-ar lipi pilitura in adancul taieturii din care nu mai iese - pila pierzandu-si astfel eficienta.&lt;/div&gt;
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Dusmanul sculelor unui bijutier este rugina. Cele mai mici pete de rugina trebuie indepartate imediat. daca nu, ele &quot;sapa&quot; tot mai adanc in scule, iar acestea nu mai stau bine in mana sau nu mai functioneaza la parametrii necesari.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evitati atingerea sculelor cu mainile ude. Atentie la folosirea acizilor. Nu faceti &quot;pirosirea&quot; in acizi! Nu folositi acizi in incaperi unde se afla scule de mana sau masini precum laminoare, masini de gaurit sau strunguri. Laminoarele trebuie ingrijite cu meticulozitate astfel incat suprafata valturilor sa fie permanent in stare perfecta. Rugina sau deteriorarea (urme dupa incercarea de a lamina otel) nu mai permit obtinerea unei suprafete de calitate la tabla sau sarma laminata.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ingrijirea sculelor si a dotarilor se face prin indepartarea impuritatilor de pe suprafata acestora prin frecare cu laveta imbibata in petrol sau motorina, apoi prin frecare cu lavete usor imbibate cu ulei. Bijutierii ar trebui sa fie interesati de scule profesionale si bune, care sa fie in stare de functionare adecvata si bine intretinute. Asa cum ar trebui sa fie interesati de inovatii, tehnici si tehnologii noi pentru ridicarea eficientei in lucru si a largirii spectrului de creativitate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In pauze recreative, intre fazele de lucru, ochiul omului are nevoie de refacere, lucru ce nu poate fi obtinut prin privirea peretilor afumati sau murdari. Este nevoie de imagini stimulatoare sau modele expuse adecvat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Numai cu scule si dotari profesionale, intretinute cat se poate de bine, la un banc de lucru bun, intr-o pozitie de lucru ergonomica si cu o iluminatie potrivita se pot obtine produse de calitate si cantitate satisfacatoare. Astfel se poate ajunge la motivarea bijutierului de a crea si a produce bijuterii apreciate, care pana la urma ii asigura existenta materiala in mod satisfacator.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/2437929016834914563/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/08/cultura-atelierului-de-bijuterii.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/2437929016834914563'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/2437929016834914563'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/08/cultura-atelierului-de-bijuterii.html' title='Cultura atelierului de bijuterii'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-3776610530945218671</id><published>2012-07-29T11:14:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:52:32.310+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 02 - Trasarea"/><title type='text'>Trasarea</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Este operatiunea tehnologica de transpunere a unui desen, a unei schite sau imagini pe suprafata materialului de prelucrat in vederea realizarii proceselor tehnologice ulterioare – gravura, traforare, tintuire.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc0x5A8hw14QpjheA44VmW6Y3DfGjq2sM7VTVMVI2wnYIlPS8EFLnOdS9SKOh8d3_JXZSBUnX67ICkInRQuRStaMlv5n2xxkqhr9O44GJz3RD1rtyVR6jlNdhFjHIjuhRddfZhoZ2hCnU/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg-Vi0Ulrw8j-S5vo9UQIqmKCfq1d0LGYn2REooCKNOr6QqGwULv8nSC1O2Zcf9BKiyj2heL0Vx8449jCjigF6lCt__p6giQPFfCcxL3zwhiz2wgQEYqs4pGumzv-SslaxIDNYLk-oVIc/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;196&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg-Vi0Ulrw8j-S5vo9UQIqmKCfq1d0LGYn2REooCKNOr6QqGwULv8nSC1O2Zcf9BKiyj2heL0Vx8449jCjigF6lCt__p6giQPFfCcxL3zwhiz2wgQEYqs4pGumzv-SslaxIDNYLk-oVIc/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;SCULE SPECIFICE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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- ac de trasat – tija din otel special cu varf ascutit si finisat, cu grosime de 4-5mm si lungime de 100 – 180 mm, unele cu capatul opus varfului sunt rotunjite, aplatizate finisate si lustruite, in vederea folosirii ca fier de luciu;&lt;br /&gt;
- gen pix, cu varf din WIDIA;&lt;br /&gt;
- compas cu arc si varfuri din otel – necesar pentru trasarea cercurilor, segmentelor de cerc sau a unor linii paralele, in diferite marimi - unele modele cu varfuri detasabile - rigla metalica, lama din otel flexibil cu gradatie in mm si cm necesara pentru trasarea unor linii drepte;&lt;br /&gt;
- vinclu drept sau reglabil – necesar pentru trasarea si verificarea unor unghiuri;&lt;br /&gt;
- sabloane – forme individuale confectionate din carton, plastic sau hartie mai groasa al caror contururi se traseaza cu acul de trasat pe suprafata metalului;&lt;br /&gt;
- confectionarea sabloanelor este rentabila la productia unei serii de obiecte, fiind destul de costisitoare;&lt;br /&gt;
- pamatuf cu pulbere de creta – necesar pentru producerea de contrast intre material si linia trasata, in special cand se “traseaz`” cu creionul, adica atunci cand se deseneaza liniile cu mana libera pe suprafata metalului;&lt;br /&gt;
- creion – bine ascutit si de minima duritatea HB.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;u&gt;PROCEDURA DE TRASARE&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJZcITLHkdnnixTkjhiWXohkITyiWmBD_BWg_kGX-MBsNFWC3BawwM1TKPgZm5UVAggIA2XJrdoLvWLUitnkl17aUoR5uPXaA0HRFc0cDbzMe36qJprYPM-jvCZEPTA_is-R9oQ7Y920A/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJZcITLHkdnnixTkjhiWXohkITyiWmBD_BWg_kGX-MBsNFWC3BawwM1TKPgZm5UVAggIA2XJrdoLvWLUitnkl17aUoR5uPXaA0HRFc0cDbzMe36qJprYPM-jvCZEPTA_is-R9oQ7Y920A/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;187&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;- primul pas este stabilirea schitei, desenului sau imaginii formei de trasat si a marimii potrivite acesteia;&lt;br /&gt;
- tehnicile folosite la transpunerea pe suprafata materialului:&lt;br /&gt;
- desenarea cu mana libera cu creionul sau cu acul de trasat;&lt;br /&gt;
- trasarea cu acul de trasat al conturului sablonului;&lt;br /&gt;
- lipirea de pe suport de hartie a schitei, desenului sau a imaginii pe suprafata materialului practica folosita in special la traforare;&lt;br /&gt;
- construirea formei de trasat cu linia, compasul si vinclu;&lt;br /&gt;
• trasarea incepe cu verificarea acului de trasat, care trebuie sa aiba varful uniform ascutit si finisat pentru a nu devia de la linia de trasat;&lt;br /&gt;
• acul de trasat se tine putin inclinat spre directia de miscare, pentru a asigura alunecarea pe suprafata materialului si pentru a asigura dara necesara;&lt;br /&gt;
• la folosirea unei rigle mai groase sau a vinclului trebuie tinut cont ca varful acului de trasat sa atinga cantul de pe suprafata materialului, pentru a putea reda marimea in modelul formei de trasat;&lt;br /&gt;
• la folosirea compasului pentru trasarea cercurilor sau a segmentelor de cerc, este indicat sa se puncteze, usor, centrul cercului pentru a impiedica deplasarea nedorita a compasului;&lt;br /&gt;
• la aplicarea desenelor cu creionul pe suprafata materialului, este indicat ca acestea sa fie “pudrate“ cu praf de creta dintr-un pamatuf, pentru asigurarea contrastului, iar daca se graveaza dupa trasare “pudrarea” impiedica si stralucirea prea mare a suprafetei, astfel se poate urmari cu mult mai usor “snitul” gravat;&lt;br /&gt;
• la lipirea hartiilor cu desenele, schitele sau imaginile pe suprafata materialului, trebuie folosit un adeziv bun si care se intareste repede - deoarece dupa aderenta hartiei se poate trece imediat la punctare, gaurire si traforare.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/3776610530945218671/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/trasarea.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3776610530945218671'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3776610530945218671'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/trasarea.html' title='Trasarea'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg-Vi0Ulrw8j-S5vo9UQIqmKCfq1d0LGYn2REooCKNOr6QqGwULv8nSC1O2Zcf9BKiyj2heL0Vx8449jCjigF6lCt__p6giQPFfCcxL3zwhiz2wgQEYqs4pGumzv-SslaxIDNYLk-oVIc/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-1197246613385320927</id><published>2012-07-28T10:44:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:53:01.717+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 03 - Punctarea"/><title type='text'>Punctarea</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Este operatiunea tehnologica prin care se marcheaza un punct adancit in material ca si centru pentru trasare cu compasul sau centrul unei gauri, astfel incat compasul sau burghiul sa nu se poata deplasa din aceasta adancitura in timpul executarii trasarii sau inceputului de gaurire.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;SCULE SPECIFICE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- &lt;i&gt;punctatorul manual&lt;/i&gt;: tija din otel tratat cu o lungime de aproximativ 100 mm si o grosime de 3-8 mm, cu un varf ascutit intr-un vinclu mare, iar capatul celalalt al tijei usor rotunjit pentru lovirea cu ciocanul;&lt;br /&gt;
- &lt;i&gt;punctatorul automat&lt;/i&gt;: unealta in forma unui stilou mai gros care are un varf din otel tratat cu un varf ascutit intr-un vinclu mare. In interiorul carcasei se afla un arc reglabil care la apasarea varfului pe suprafata materialului declanseaza o lovitura, in urma careia se imprima varful tijei in material; in functie de reglajul arcului, acesta declanseaza o lovitura mai puternica sau mai putin puternica ca sa lase o amprenta mai adanca sau mai putin adanca in material.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PROCEDURA DE PUNCTARE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- trasare si insemnare a locului de punctare;&lt;br /&gt;
- se asaza materialul pe o nicovala de banc sau pe o placa de fier;&lt;br /&gt;
- se aseaza punctatorul cu varful pe locul insemnat si se aplica o lovitura seaca cu un ciocan potrivit pe capul punctatorului, astfel incat sa se formeze o urma potrivita in marime si adancime, in functie de grosimea burghiului ce urmeaza sa fie folosit;&lt;br /&gt;
sau&lt;br /&gt;
- se aseaza pe punctul insemnat varful punctatorului automat, care anterior operatiunii de punctare trebuie reglat in puterea de lovire, in vederea realizarii marimii potrivite a “punctului”.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;ATENTIE NU FOLOSITI PUNCTATOARE CU UN VARF PREA ASCUTIT SAU CHIAR ACUL DE TRASAT PENTRU PUNCTARE, DEOARECE SE POATE RUPE VARFUL INFIPT IN MATERIALUL DE PUNCTAT AL ACESTORA, CARE VA FI GREU DE INDEPARTAT !!!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/1197246613385320927/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/punctarea.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/1197246613385320927'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/1197246613385320927'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/punctarea.html' title='Punctarea'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPDwfOTqAaioi2vq-xxmcAvW1lsjiGb3dtV0Ue8dgAKC3XtQm9ExF-Mlq4VIXHPQY6m7VTzIpdX5Bmhq5R_fXX6FARUPmZ0ynGzRwtoQDePkfql85RrEvo8MLC9oG2aioLDrAtPBaunOA/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-7994034787992984287</id><published>2012-07-27T09:47:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:53:38.178+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 04 - Masurarea / Compararea"/><title type='text'>Masurarea / Compararea</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Masurarea este operatiunea tehnologica prin care se determina dimensiunile de lungime, latime, inaltime, grosime in mm sau subunitati ale mm.&lt;/div&gt;
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Compararea este operatiunea tehnologica prin care se verifica marimea, dimensiunea sau forma unor obiecte cu instrumente specifice - ex.: lera de diamante.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;INSTRUMENTE DE MASURAT /COMPARAT FOLOSITE IN BIJUTERIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&amp;nbsp;RIGLA DIN OTEL&lt;/div&gt;
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Utilizare:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhn6q4MGdnvjQdKEigzAz2z6s5pB0lMAghXwaG2fnS86noR-wctEX8mHOl9nYWmib6C1G4s1rh8mRBRk8sedHfnQAP9A6NuQoj-z-QC85JsYwdab5rnAX0PT5_eRnKcry40wi-wBlXYNd8/s1600/Untitled.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;60&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhn6q4MGdnvjQdKEigzAz2z6s5pB0lMAghXwaG2fnS86noR-wctEX8mHOl9nYWmib6C1G4s1rh8mRBRk8sedHfnQAP9A6NuQoj-z-QC85JsYwdab5rnAX0PT5_eRnKcry40wi-wBlXYNd8/s200/Untitled.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;- trasare pe un profil de tabla a unor forme cu laturi drepte;&lt;br /&gt;
- masurarea lungimii bratarilor, lantisoarelor etc.&lt;br /&gt;
Material: lamela din otel flexibil.&lt;br /&gt;
Unitate de masura: cm , cu subunitati in mm.&lt;br /&gt;
Lungimi: de la 100 mm pana la 1000 mm.&lt;/div&gt;
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SUBLERE&lt;/div&gt;
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Utilizate la:&lt;br /&gt;
- determinarea cotelor la operatiuni tehnologice de pilire, gaurire, frezare, laminare, trefilare;&lt;br /&gt;
- determinarea dimensiunilor pietrelor, perlelor si a altor materiale care urmeaza sa fie montate sau prelucrate.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY0Qql2-7eLuhByWysfSMTgrx7wj1qzBbapjprT2tIS15DIzZmYmP39EPwiDdHUq6GhAnXT8cqV1JE8qpXpT11ZLIrxgZLQ0PN3uOJlZMEJU_Z5mEAzF4h5eWWZGp5F88IHNIJjjB26IQ/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY0Qql2-7eLuhByWysfSMTgrx7wj1qzBbapjprT2tIS15DIzZmYmP39EPwiDdHUq6GhAnXT8cqV1JE8qpXpT11ZLIrxgZLQ0PN3uOJlZMEJU_Z5mEAzF4h5eWWZGp5F88IHNIJjjB26IQ/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;75&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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SUBLER CLASIC cu scala in diferite lungimi pana la 500 mm, compus din:&lt;/div&gt;
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- 2 falci pentru masurat exteriorul;&lt;/div&gt;
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- 2 falci pentru masurat interiorul;&lt;br /&gt;
- tija pentru masurat adancimea;&lt;br /&gt;
- scala fixa, in gradatie de mm si cm;&lt;br /&gt;
- cursorul cu scala vernierului (9mm impartite 10 parti, sau 18 mm impartite in 10 parti);&lt;/div&gt;
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- gradatie:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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- de 1mm - cele cu vernier de 9 mm → 0,05 mm;&lt;br /&gt;
- cele cu vernier de 18 mm → 0,02 mm.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUC0Bwbhez3HznLUiv4bB1ZRoyfj_4bO3kNDsEjjH2kboEMc5lcjGjMOotYcSLbPdqd6P_G_cUwwyU1jWzKxo6TcrG7ZdDQupD18niCURRBWEkqoab4iWI7I11h36VQ3cgin3Y1X7nnZk/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUC0Bwbhez3HznLUiv4bB1ZRoyfj_4bO3kNDsEjjH2kboEMc5lcjGjMOotYcSLbPdqd6P_G_cUwwyU1jWzKxo6TcrG7ZdDQupD18niCURRBWEkqoab4iWI7I11h36VQ3cgin3Y1X7nnZk/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;73&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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SUBLER DIGITAL cu ecran si afisare digitala&lt;/div&gt;
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– scala pana la 150 mm, compus din:&lt;br /&gt;
- 2 falci pentru masurat exteriorul;&lt;br /&gt;
- 2 falci pentru masurat interiorul;&lt;br /&gt;
- tija pentru masurat adancimea;&lt;br /&gt;
- ecran cu afisare digitala;&lt;br /&gt;
- gradatie - mm cu subdiviziuni, de la 0,01 pana la 0,005 mm.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUgYm4o6wfN2DuEjUtPL5GLA-_sU2_94TeP4eeQbWISBgrnj4dhR_xHqdzLDl2Wm5fziAHheRJVGVcQBj2sCMNLiNs93_uFwiwgJyqPrUa0XVwjBu5rOzhSQQYpSY7YSIq1EkreqROtJ4/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUgYm4o6wfN2DuEjUtPL5GLA-_sU2_94TeP4eeQbWISBgrnj4dhR_xHqdzLDl2Wm5fziAHheRJVGVcQBj2sCMNLiNs93_uFwiwgJyqPrUa0XVwjBu5rOzhSQQYpSY7YSIq1EkreqROtJ4/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;73&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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SUBLER CU CEAS&lt;/div&gt;
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– cu scala de masurat circulara;&lt;br /&gt;
- pana la lungimea de 150 mm, compus din:&lt;br /&gt;
- 2 falci pentru masurat exteriorul;&lt;br /&gt;
- 2 falci pentru masurat interiorul;&lt;br /&gt;
- tija pentru masurat adancimea;&lt;br /&gt;
- scala circulara (forma de ecran de ceas);&lt;br /&gt;
- gradatie - scala in mm cu subdiviziuni de 0,02 mm.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicyEfH8V3OFz559ocbPLyWQCWMHChXfwa3oZikaY5VFHC3MRu_7joS67lYGyNgakceeW8qRVH2o0mXKQLtYvJDrjQEMc4hJIwb8JFNVDHuemr8mFpmsAkoW4QQcWKpVrky4o4AjmZ0g5M/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicyEfH8V3OFz559ocbPLyWQCWMHChXfwa3oZikaY5VFHC3MRu_7joS67lYGyNgakceeW8qRVH2o0mXKQLtYvJDrjQEMc4hJIwb8JFNVDHuemr8mFpmsAkoW4QQcWKpVrky4o4AjmZ0g5M/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;61&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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SUBLER CLASIC&lt;/div&gt;
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- cu scala de 60-80 sau 100 mm, din alama, compus din:&lt;br /&gt;
- 2 falci pentru masurat exteriorul;&lt;br /&gt;
- scala de masurat;&lt;br /&gt;
- gradatie mm;&lt;br /&gt;
- intrebuintare in domeniu la masurarea pietrelor si a perlelor.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi920R5wCKoyAFFO3mZ4UZ6SjWx_Kpwg9cdpBrn2xtUbRV7tDay83erwfhksnPr5cDr15UkRI8h7ctyPAIpm4AWznE4c_8OpnF_R_kVD1eSbOvtLRJq1ZjEwPcjzkw3Rwzti49P-m4T24g/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;104&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi920R5wCKoyAFFO3mZ4UZ6SjWx_Kpwg9cdpBrn2xtUbRV7tDay83erwfhksnPr5cDr15UkRI8h7ctyPAIpm4AWznE4c_8OpnF_R_kVD1eSbOvtLRJq1ZjEwPcjzkw3Rwzti49P-m4T24g/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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VINCLU REGLABIL&lt;/div&gt;
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Pentru masurarea unghiului:&lt;br /&gt;
- palierul de masurat 1800;&lt;br /&gt;
- gradatie 10 cu subdiviziuni de 1/100.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0_Ow7mp-N8qTiX6BVJ2mUGVfjQuSyOQ8W8CPiWgXC5q6WcC6WEfUvAz5ivJyYV17DZ4SQw3F0AWMtIzUnO5zstOSRUV64dICdr7mN5RvblfQwmddeVRW6DOpPNVzvNLpMNHXSoQEzz-8/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;104&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0_Ow7mp-N8qTiX6BVJ2mUGVfjQuSyOQ8W8CPiWgXC5q6WcC6WEfUvAz5ivJyYV17DZ4SQw3F0AWMtIzUnO5zstOSRUV64dICdr7mN5RvblfQwmddeVRW6DOpPNVzvNLpMNHXSoQEzz-8/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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MICROMETRU&lt;/div&gt;
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Mecanic cu scala pana la 25 mm:&lt;br /&gt;
- gradatie: mm cu subdiviziuni de 0,01 mm;&lt;br /&gt;
- digital cu ecran cu subdiviziuni de 0,001 mm.&lt;/div&gt;
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COMPAS DE MASURAT&lt;/div&gt;
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- pentru determinarea grosimii unor profile pana la 20 mm:&lt;br /&gt;
- gradatie: mm cu subdiviziuni de 1/10 mm.&lt;/div&gt;
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VINCLU 90&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Pentru verificarea unghiului drept in diferite marimi, cu sau fara talpa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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RINGMAS&lt;/div&gt;
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Set de inele etalon pentru determinarea marimii degetului:&lt;/div&gt;
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- cu numerotatie:- franceza – 1-36;&lt;/div&gt;
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- dupa circumferinta - 41-76;&lt;/div&gt;
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- americana – 1-15;&lt;/div&gt;
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- dupa diametru – 13 – 24,2;&lt;/div&gt;
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- set din metal, pe inel, in latime a inelului de 3,5 mm si set cu latime de 7 mm;&lt;/div&gt;
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- set din metal cu inele singulare cu interiorul bombat, in caseta, cu latimi de 4; 7 si 10 mm;&lt;/div&gt;
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- set din metal cu inele singulare cu interiorul drept, in caseta, cu latimi de 4; 7 si 10 mm;&lt;/div&gt;
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- set din plasic.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2EG95mU7FnG7knOU2Wco6bOytqsjjSHVXarbzUifU8J9CIVwCu7scvhBAQoE2VOZPCPkqB3E9GR2QBjA7Ry72TNGQq0RL9j8PJQ3bLac8toopH5o8WC7UtTK5CsbiGMVtNfca2xyfQLE/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;134&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2EG95mU7FnG7knOU2Wco6bOytqsjjSHVXarbzUifU8J9CIVwCu7scvhBAQoE2VOZPCPkqB3E9GR2QBjA7Ry72TNGQq0RL9j8PJQ3bLac8toopH5o8WC7UtTK5CsbiGMVtNfca2xyfQLE/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;RINGSTOC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Riglu conic cu ecran digital sau cu scala gradate pentru determinarea marimii unui inel:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- digital : cu indicare a numerelor franceza, americana, a diametrului si a circumferintei;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- conic din metal: scala cu numerotatie:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- franceza – 1-36;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- dupa circumferinta- 41-76;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- americana – 1-15;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- dupa diametru – 13 – 24,2;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- conic din plasic: scala cu diferite numerotatii.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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COMPAS DE MASURAT&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Special pentru estimarea greutatii briliantelor tintuite.&lt;/div&gt;
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MASURA DE BRAT&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Din banda flexibila de inox, reglabila de la 15 – 23 cm circumferinta:&lt;br /&gt;
- rigida, reglabila in 2 directii, cu deschideri maxime de 95 x 70 mm, cu 2 scale numerotate&lt;/div&gt;
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CEAS DE MASURAT&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- pietre: necesar la estimarea greutatii briliantelor tintuite si la masurarea exacta a pietrelor pentru expertizare;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- analog cu scala de la 0,0 pana la 23,0 mm;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- digital cu o precizie de 0,01 mm;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- perle: analog cu scala de la 0 pana la 10 mm.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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MASURA DE BRATARA&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Din folie de plasic, cu scala imprimata:&lt;br /&gt;
- conica, rotunda, din aluminiu, cu scala in mm pentru diametru si circumferinta;&lt;br /&gt;
- conica, rotunda, din lemn, cu scala in mm pentru diametru si circumferinta;&lt;br /&gt;
- conica, ovala, din lemn, cu scala in mm pentru diametru si circumferinta.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxumzJ5TlKDb3ME9IB4Sni0U0wbv9uR45HJXZk8Gntu71hyphenhyphen2wSx3EiuioP0A3lK5dpJjkT-T5f7FhPPJkCI5KFL9Olpf0wBKJ19TMGGqHzf8pQevJF4z5dr4LwayAU0C1jDx4DrULtLXQ/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;133&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxumzJ5TlKDb3ME9IB4Sni0U0wbv9uR45HJXZk8Gntu71hyphenhyphen2wSx3EiuioP0A3lK5dpJjkT-T5f7FhPPJkCI5KFL9Olpf0wBKJ19TMGGqHzf8pQevJF4z5dr4LwayAU0C1jDx4DrULtLXQ/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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LERA&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Pentru estimarea prin comparare a diametrului briliantelor cu orificiile specifice din lera cu 4 lame pentru marimi de la 0,01 – 6,0 carate cu 1 lama pentru marimi de la 0,01 – 4,0 carate.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/7994034787992984287/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/masurarea-compararea.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/7994034787992984287'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/7994034787992984287'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/masurarea-compararea.html' title='Masurarea / Compararea'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhn6q4MGdnvjQdKEigzAz2z6s5pB0lMAghXwaG2fnS86noR-wctEX8mHOl9nYWmib6C1G4s1rh8mRBRk8sedHfnQAP9A6NuQoj-z-QC85JsYwdab5rnAX0PT5_eRnKcry40wi-wBlXYNd8/s72-c/Untitled.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-4148300223246369932</id><published>2012-07-26T14:30:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:54:09.221+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 05 - Pilirea"/><title type='text'>Pilirea - generalitati</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;122&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_X03AG21w2tPDGqwFOXh6N6ohhvr-zxHNWiHeGiGp15WMZhf8Dp7VV5cINXdLwgc0oFIsVt3WAjfzRTpYtskdIeaQbr6RoL2xdcXwe6mgnhccyr8RtMDEPlwuC5Ifm2YzoezjEtb2Kx4/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Este
 operatiunea tehnologica de prelucrare, prin aschiere, prin care se 
indeparteaza o parte a suprafetelor exterioare sau interioare pentru a 
le aduce in forma si la cotele dorite cu ajutorul pilei.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAYFS_p9vc6oYmu47RNKXhQ67VNRI4TwGqrRdFw47pDVyaZdIq6QxctjBP7BiYm_v8p2sDOMoscs6ujDDf_JQ3wf3gIUa8HyD6yl4kUFhJ-lpq_AAUTR6U6rtx3mkVMPd2x5usx-xYdN4/s1600/2.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;125&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAYFS_p9vc6oYmu47RNKXhQ67VNRI4TwGqrRdFw47pDVyaZdIq6QxctjBP7BiYm_v8p2sDOMoscs6ujDDf_JQ3wf3gIUa8HyD6yl4kUFhJ-lpq_AAUTR6U6rtx3mkVMPd2x5usx-xYdN4/s200/2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILELE:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- scule standardizate executate din otel specific;&lt;br /&gt;
-
 in forma de bare in diferite sectiuni si marimi care au pe suprafata de
 lucru dinti care in timpul folosirii in procesul de pilire detaseaza 
aschii de pe suprafata obiectului de prelucrat.&lt;br /&gt;
- sunt formate din:&lt;br /&gt;
-
 partea activa – corpul acoperit cu dinti (taietura) pe suprafata - 
coada – este prelungirea corpului activ care are functie de maner - la 
pilele ac, sau in forma ascutita serveste la montarea manerului la 
pilele de mana;&lt;br /&gt;
- taietura pilei se poate obtine prin daltuire, frezare sau prin brosare.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILIREA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- poate fi pilire manuala sau pilire mecanica cu masina de pilit;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- in domeniul metalelor pretioase se foloseste pilirea manuala;&lt;br /&gt;
- este una din indemanarile de baza a bijutierului.&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/4148300223246369932/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/pilirea-generalitati.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4148300223246369932'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4148300223246369932'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/pilirea-generalitati.html' title='Pilirea - generalitati'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_X03AG21w2tPDGqwFOXh6N6ohhvr-zxHNWiHeGiGp15WMZhf8Dp7VV5cINXdLwgc0oFIsVt3WAjfzRTpYtskdIeaQbr6RoL2xdcXwe6mgnhccyr8RtMDEPlwuC5Ifm2YzoezjEtb2Kx4/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-5942703259270953139</id><published>2012-07-25T14:29:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:54:35.562+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 05 - Pilirea"/><title type='text'>Pile utilizate in bijuterie</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBEWj9_AJfbACEg2rwVWNRztBRHSefG6CZ1ZSxxqC6aqN9-9EirwkBVaci24AEyO1VrZSfuHvmTsZnStlT0xnGz8w-vnhpJOfWJhDpcRpC_tPvSZcipeN3yfsnY8bjX1rtjsFil9-heBk/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;87&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBEWj9_AJfbACEg2rwVWNRztBRHSefG6CZ1ZSxxqC6aqN9-9EirwkBVaci24AEyO1VrZSfuHvmTsZnStlT0xnGz8w-vnhpJOfWJhDpcRpC_tPvSZcipeN3yfsnY8bjX1rtjsFil9-heBk/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILELE DE PRECIZIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- din otel special cu taietura manuala realizata prin daltuire; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- pilele cu taietura realizata prin frezare si brosare nu sunt recomandate pentru bijuterii.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqEaeP49oFK7al76Ef_xB79Q2Fu0hUYjSadgmUq-RMmpAHobhwjpyPK28h0QC4C3OslKYItjLIhC_7dy2aqYuknesdIwvwAcMaR4M1jb8xwdW00m6QcGnVWIkCzqHC_vbxHh2jkbezqF4/s1600/2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;104&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqEaeP49oFK7al76Ef_xB79Q2Fu0hUYjSadgmUq-RMmpAHobhwjpyPK28h0QC4C3OslKYItjLIhC_7dy2aqYuknesdIwvwAcMaR4M1jb8xwdW00m6QcGnVWIkCzqHC_vbxHh2jkbezqF4/s200/2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILE DE MANA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- de forma: plata, semirotunda, limba de pasare, rotunda, triunghiulara, patrata, baret;&lt;br /&gt;
- de taietura:&lt;br /&gt;
Elvetiana: 00; 0; 1; 2; 3; 4;&lt;br /&gt;
Germana: 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6;&lt;br /&gt;
- de lungime: in mm a partii active: 100; 125; 150; 200; 300;&lt;br /&gt;
- in Romania in bijuterie se folosesc de obicei determinarile asperitatii Germane, cele mai des folosite sunt cele de: 2; 3; 4, iar in cazuri mai rare cele de 5; 6 si 7.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSioQRsh63hNXD_TGBaRHr_Q2ZG1QjkyQZn4tsQVojlMh36q_K9dWheIYOhNo99m-GYqR_-I_hsxXw8CO6k2W4x3Ko9fbnF4YIjJpGgjkjgFFZ0R5CMb9DsWnxU7LsY13JFgWImlX4i88/s1600/3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;83&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSioQRsh63hNXD_TGBaRHr_Q2ZG1QjkyQZn4tsQVojlMh36q_K9dWheIYOhNo99m-GYqR_-I_hsxXw8CO6k2W4x3Ko9fbnF4YIjJpGgjkjgFFZ0R5CMb9DsWnxU7LsY13JFgWImlX4i88/s200/3.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILE AC&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- de forma: plata dreptunghiulara, plata spit, baret, semirotunda, limba de pasare, rotunda, triunghiulara, patrata, cutit, romboidala, de sarnir plata, de sarnir rotunda-cilindrica, de taietura de surub;&lt;br /&gt;
- de taietura:&lt;br /&gt;
Elvetiana: 00; 0; 1; 2; 3;&lt;br /&gt;
Germana: 1; 2; 3; 4; 5;&lt;br /&gt;
- de lungime: in mm cu tot cu maner: 100; 140; 160; 180; 200.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJNlkJvaijOFpEC39XDAd4hKgqNtwg61Ws9-eynCxXFhERUBYME6GCZSddsGKg3VrHbbI97eqk1o1D81vi39iesz4EjlSTr1pt6iT1Ep-_NaixyPbW2zWZDNixt8xwOqngcTuauwnH4Mc/s1600/4.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;68&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJNlkJvaijOFpEC39XDAd4hKgqNtwg61Ws9-eynCxXFhERUBYME6GCZSddsGKg3VrHbbI97eqk1o1D81vi39iesz4EjlSTr1pt6iT1Ep-_NaixyPbW2zWZDNixt8xwOqngcTuauwnH4Mc/s200/4.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;PILE CURBATE (sau de cizelura)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- in toate formele pilelor ac dar cu ambele capete active si manerul la mijloc;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- de taietura Germana: 2; 3;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- de lungimea in mm totala: 130; 170;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- folosite la interioare si forme complexe - dar mai mult la matriterie - iar din 1970 sunt inlocuite din ce in ce mai mult cu biaxul si freze.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-8IzXhApR1g0vYHk426ojzL9t6BWoRLuDOykbXIs3Mcvjjm3VB-5mxzHSa2y0eWWE-mIoiwMkD_UyIjYUDTy4Aws4GsmJ4zHPpf0ydvzOR75Z1dV2JYqucmhowLtbyZy3OaxLi68pEr4/s1600/5.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;93&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-8IzXhApR1g0vYHk426ojzL9t6BWoRLuDOykbXIs3Mcvjjm3VB-5mxzHSa2y0eWWE-mIoiwMkD_UyIjYUDTy4Aws4GsmJ4zHPpf0ydvzOR75Z1dV2JYqucmhowLtbyZy3OaxLi68pEr4/s200/5.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILE DE SCAPAMENT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- de forma plata, baret semirotunda, limba de pasare, rotunda, triunghiulara, patrata, cutit, rotunda - cilindrica;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- de taietura Germana 5; 6; 7; 8;&lt;br /&gt;
- de lungime in mm cu tot cu maner 140;&lt;br /&gt;
- folosite la lucrari foarte fine si in ceasornicarie.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILELE DE PRECIZIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfSrm4AUXIZe5cWA8eCQX2laoidmTmyJ99KGVW_lx2wmIP7lxgBuToBogHzoowdrLqyP1anULZNQxMlSp0mhZHSoMY0NxAlxOYQAbUL1KgqhNuZ_BjkSzzU-zYoNaFWhmv5SBp9nbEplg/s1600/6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;41&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfSrm4AUXIZe5cWA8eCQX2laoidmTmyJ99KGVW_lx2wmIP7lxgBuToBogHzoowdrLqyP1anULZNQxMlSp0mhZHSoMY0NxAlxOYQAbUL1KgqhNuZ_BjkSzzU-zYoNaFWhmv5SBp9nbEplg/s200/6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;– din otel special cu taietura manuala acoperite cu titan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILE DE MANA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- de forme: plata, semirotunda, rotunda, triunghiulara, patrata;&lt;br /&gt;
- de taietura: Germana: 1; 2; 3;&lt;br /&gt;
- de lungime: in mm a partii active: 150; 200; 250.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILE AC&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- de forma: plata dreptunghiulara, plata spit, baret, semirotunda, rotunda, triunghiulara, patrata&lt;br /&gt;
- de taietura Germana: 1; 3;&lt;br /&gt;
- de lungime: in mm cu tot cu maner: 180.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILE DIAMANTATE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- asperitate: - dura = D181;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- medie = D126; - fi n` = D91.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILE DE MANA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- de forma: plata, semirotunda, rotunda, triunghiulara;&lt;br /&gt;
- de asperitate: dura, medie, fina;&lt;br /&gt;
- de lungime: partea activa 110; 150; 160; 200 mm;&lt;br /&gt;
- utilizate la structurarea de suprafete si la pilirea materialelor cu duritati mari de ex. rotunjirea&lt;br /&gt;
muchiilor la pietre, prelucrare inox.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILE AC&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- de forma: plata dreptunghiulara, plata spit, baret, plata cu muchiile rotunjite; semirotunda, limba de pasare, rotunda, triunghiulara, patrata, cutit, romboidala;&lt;br /&gt;
- de asperitate: dura; medie; fina;&lt;br /&gt;
- de lungime: in mm cu tot cu maner: 140;&lt;br /&gt;
- utilizate: la structurarea de suprafete si la pilirea materialelor cu duritati mari de ex. rotunjirea muchilor la pietre, prelucrare inox.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PLACA DE PILA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- taietura 1; 2 si 3;&lt;br /&gt;
- folosirea la indreptarea suprafetelor plane sau casetelor.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrE-EJU13oNqS96Ei0mEgyWTsgxYvYz2e17k8O8JeO-X9UiNMFabBieSRj-Yxuoelx_XhU2RQ1pEoUTqkBnQ_aB4MBzrDcrgUIaFXjLy89gW4pyHpNzuntk8eJcA0LwN3OgrtahCopSj4/s1600/7.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;153&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrE-EJU13oNqS96Ei0mEgyWTsgxYvYz2e17k8O8JeO-X9UiNMFabBieSRj-Yxuoelx_XhU2RQ1pEoUTqkBnQ_aB4MBzrDcrgUIaFXjLy89gW4pyHpNzuntk8eJcA0LwN3OgrtahCopSj4/s200/7.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;PREGATIREA PILEI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- pilele de calitate care se folosesc in bijuterie, sunt pile cu taietura manuala executata prin daltuire, fapt care se reflecta si in pretul acestora;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;-din fabricatie, aceste pile sunt tratate cu un ulei special care contine parafina, in vederea conservarii taieturii.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;ELIMINAREA ULEIULUI&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- operatiune necesara pentru functionarea corecta a pilei, adica, numai daca pila este curata si uscata poate fi eliminat spanul din adancul taieturii la operatiunea de pilire;&lt;br /&gt;
- pentru inlaturarea uleiului special, pila trebuie introdusa in alcool apoi scoasa din acesta si aprins alcoolul ramas pe suprafata pilei;&lt;br /&gt;
- procedura se repeta pana este indepartat tot uleiul de protectie, acest lucru se va vedea in culoarea gri uniforma si deschisa.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;ATENTIE SA NU APRINDETI ALCOOLUL DIN RECIPIENT!&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgexAs0lC3HWZuW8NmKMVzM7jgCfiT44q2QMGJlQ8MX3tgG9j6i8uO0Ehnxo_Rxq_j7dsnzEH2M_mybISn137jSMdRf_FawnwVCcZkIiW7dHxdZQ0IFbnra3tq0djekMu15tr_oB8NZhyphenhyphenE/s1600/8.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;189&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgexAs0lC3HWZuW8NmKMVzM7jgCfiT44q2QMGJlQ8MX3tgG9j6i8uO0Ehnxo_Rxq_j7dsnzEH2M_mybISn137jSMdRf_FawnwVCcZkIiW7dHxdZQ0IFbnra3tq0djekMu15tr_oB8NZhyphenhyphenE/s200/8.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;u style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;MONTAREA MANERULUI&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- verificati manerul: pentru cazul cand acesta nu are gaura - trebuie gaurit;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- se prinde pila in menghina fixa in partea dintre coada si taietura;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- manerul se tine cu mana, drept pe coada pilei si cu un ciocan potrivit se loveste manerul astfel incat acesta sa se infiga pe coada pilei iar axul longitudinal al pilei trebuie sa coincida cu cel al manerului (ATENTIE, LA INFIGERE PREA ADANCA POATE SA CRAPE MANERUL);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- pentru pilele ac sub 180 mm exista manere cu mandrina, cu ajutorul carora acestea devin mult mai indemanatice. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;PREGATIREA OBIECTULUI&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- curatirea obiectului de zgura, borax sau oxizi este necesara deoarece acestea sunt mai dure decat pila si o uzeaza repede;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- uscarea obiectului de apa sau acizi, pentru ca resturile de lichide sa nu produca ruginirea pilei.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/5942703259270953139/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/pilirea.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/5942703259270953139'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/5942703259270953139'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/pilirea.html' title='Pile utilizate in bijuterie'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBEWj9_AJfbACEg2rwVWNRztBRHSefG6CZ1ZSxxqC6aqN9-9EirwkBVaci24AEyO1VrZSfuHvmTsZnStlT0xnGz8w-vnhpJOfWJhDpcRpC_tPvSZcipeN3yfsnY8bjX1rtjsFil9-heBk/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-4086635837941099464</id><published>2012-07-24T14:28:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:54:35.560+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 05 - Pilirea"/><title type='text'>Procedura de pilire</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;ALEGEREA PILEI&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- marimea si taietura/asperitatea pilei se stabileste in functie de dimensiunile, forma si materialul obiectului si de cotele ce trebuie indepartate prin pilire&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiehpH0aQwKCAWyie8cUcXV8Rng9ehiZv3__txiLk4c1AExPTF0TNH4_fgSpmVOYCIHzbRHMgVKrwGK05GC49Y_9jg-S5J8LNPA7gpcMXr_RYd88HYdNib4RyrmsSMzv6dgcq9W87wGKo0/s1600/3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;145&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiehpH0aQwKCAWyie8cUcXV8Rng9ehiZv3__txiLk4c1AExPTF0TNH4_fgSpmVOYCIHzbRHMgVKrwGK05GC49Y_9jg-S5J8LNPA7gpcMXr_RYd88HYdNib4RyrmsSMzv6dgcq9W87wGKo0/s200/3.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PILIREA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- prima faza de pilire se face de obicei cu o pila cu taietura mare (taietura 1 sau 2) pana se ajunge aproape de cotele finale ale formei;&lt;br /&gt;
- urmeaza pilirea cu o pila cu taietura mai fina si asa mai departe pana ce se ajunge la forma si suprafata dorita;&lt;br /&gt;
- fiecare cursa a pilei trebuie sa fie cu exactitate controlata, pentru a putea obtine forma dorita;&lt;/div&gt;
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- controlul efectului de pilire a fiecarei curse este important, deoarece numai asa se poate obtine eficient forma dorita; acest control se efectueaza in timp ce suprafata care se pileste este observata indreptand-o spre o sursa de lumina, oglindidu-se lumina pe suprafata care se prelucreaza; astfel se pot observa si cele mai mici modificari ale suprafetei in urma pilei;&lt;/div&gt;
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- schimbarea directiei cursei de pilire poate sa conduca la imbunatatirea posibilitatii de observare a procesului de pilire;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaa6Vx8glyXtp07otJIcN9_ugRWRx-0C-YAHUAaX6Kn8aREt_G0XPzBK3uoa4y_tKczWMT0bvDig1gzNySsNvr_ZHSYJWPf4nKjY4fgjH5-NwtmBy5a4nhrM3tS1eQ6y4Zqu9YzOFPFTE/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;125&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaa6Vx8glyXtp07otJIcN9_ugRWRx-0C-YAHUAaX6Kn8aREt_G0XPzBK3uoa4y_tKczWMT0bvDig1gzNySsNvr_ZHSYJWPf4nKjY4fgjH5-NwtmBy5a4nhrM3tS1eQ6y4Zqu9YzOFPFTE/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;- cursele pilei, alternand, dus-intors, favorizeaza eliminarea piliturii din adancul taieturii, astfel eficienta la procesul de pilire este mai ridicata si totodata timpul de functionare a pilei este cu mult mai mare;&lt;/div&gt;
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- spanul ramas in adancul taieturii are o duritate mai mare decat materialul care se pileste, ca urmare la pilire cu acest span ramas in taietura pilei, se produc riduri adanci si necontrolate pe suprafata obiectelor;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;SURSA DE ILUMINARE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- genul de iluminatie este un factor decisiv pentru obtinerea unor rezultate bune la procesul de pilire&lt;br /&gt;
- lumina zilei este sursa ideala, iar daca aceasta vine din partea din fata stanga (la dreptaci) este optim;&lt;br /&gt;
- sursele de iluminatie artificiale trebuie sa produca umbra pronuntata precum ledurile, becurile cu halogen si becurile incandescente.&lt;/div&gt;
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EVITATI LUMINA DE NEON si cea A BECURILOR ECOLOGICE&lt;br /&gt;
Nu sunt potrivite pentru iluminatul productiei de bijuterii si nici la iluminatul bijuteriilor la expunere sau la prezentare; datorita lipsei umbrei pronuntate obosesc ochiul foarte repede, deoarece se distinge mult mai greu relieful unei suprefete fara existenta unei umbre pronuntate; lumina de neon are si alte dezavantaje, cum ar fi consumul de vitamine mai rapid si influenta negativa asupra epidermei.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONDITIILE PENTRU OBTINEREA UNUI REZULTAT BUN LA PILIRE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- alegerea pilei potrivite in forma, marime si duritate;&lt;/div&gt;
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- feilnaghelul trebuie sa fie atat de bine fixat, incat la sprijinul obiectului in timpul pilirii, sa nu se poata misca;&lt;br /&gt;
- indepartati pilitura din taietura pilei in timpul operatiunii prin lovirea lemnului de pilire cu cantul acesteia.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;INTRETINEREA PILELOR&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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- nu tineti pilele impreuna cu alte scule;&lt;/div&gt;
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- feriti pilele de rugina, substante corozive, de lichide si de foc;&lt;/div&gt;
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- nu piliti materiale care au fost pirosite in acid sulfuric sau in inlocuitorul acestuia;&lt;br /&gt;
- curatirea pilelor se face cu o perie speciala frecandu-le paralel cu taietura, pana ce este scos ultimul rest de span din adancul taieturii.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;MENTIUNE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
De multe ori se poate auzi ... „ce mare lucru este pilirea“, „fiecare stie ss pileasca“, „pentru ce mai trebuie si maner la pila de mana?.. ca merge si fara.“?! Poate ca la alte ocupatii este de ajuns o pilire oarecare, insa pentru obtinerea unor forme bine definite in contextul unei bijuterii sunt necesare niste deprinderi specifice, care numai prin exersare indelungata si in conditii de lucru bune se pot obtine.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZxCs6Bwf98n_1SOdU1B7gXLZ4qXJ4ohxYyBnKJ8i5wmVOWJ5moba6_YNrMu33ZcLpe49PKYna67sRqjJpb-x7CQSsd3iEaD-4E_6Ffr8vlmzo8eAkFj9AMfbr0sTXA2UOw7XFg-LVmYk/s1600/2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;159&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZxCs6Bwf98n_1SOdU1B7gXLZ4qXJ4ohxYyBnKJ8i5wmVOWJ5moba6_YNrMu33ZcLpe49PKYna67sRqjJpb-x7CQSsd3iEaD-4E_6Ffr8vlmzo8eAkFj9AMfbr0sTXA2UOw7XFg-LVmYk/s200/2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;EXERCITIU&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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- executati un patrat de 30 mm dintr-o tabla de ~1,0mm grosime.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;AUTOCENZURA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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- pentru evaluarea deprinderii pentru operatiunea de pilire o obtineti evaluand rezultatul in timpul necesar realizarii aceastei lucrari.&lt;br /&gt;
(Atentie! daca feinaghelul nu este fixat corect, daca lumina nu este buna, daca forma, marimea si taietura pilei nu sunt potrivite, daca manerul pilei nu este montat corect, va fi aproape imposibil de a putea realiza un patrat in cote prestabilite si in timp rezonabil.)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/4086635837941099464/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/procedura-de-pilire.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4086635837941099464'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4086635837941099464'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/procedura-de-pilire.html' title='Procedura de pilire'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiehpH0aQwKCAWyie8cUcXV8Rng9ehiZv3__txiLk4c1AExPTF0TNH4_fgSpmVOYCIHzbRHMgVKrwGK05GC49Y_9jg-S5J8LNPA7gpcMXr_RYd88HYdNib4RyrmsSMzv6dgcq9W87wGKo0/s72-c/3.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-4104440135259938059</id><published>2012-07-23T12:40:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:55:03.921+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 06 - Gaurirea / Frezarea"/><title type='text'>Gaurirea / Frezarea</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Gaurirea este operatiunea de aschiere prin care se realizeaza gauri in diferite materiale, dimensiuni si adancimi.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgQYFubFc43tVE5GGWZjDi4dxj0Q5N8x_B2eLnPR9BxJdvTUO0gJJYgsHlqzgcclFDn3S0Y7W8PZro_uH9IvOwYscRr04x-I0q2n0v5esiF2Wu_207cyeiaTvRemjin3Lxbpy0tB-omnE/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;158&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgQYFubFc43tVE5GGWZjDi4dxj0Q5N8x_B2eLnPR9BxJdvTUO0gJJYgsHlqzgcclFDn3S0Y7W8PZro_uH9IvOwYscRr04x-I0q2n0v5esiF2Wu_207cyeiaTvRemjin3Lxbpy0tB-omnE/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;UNELTE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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DRILUL&lt;/div&gt;
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Dispozitiv foarte vechi, care este format dintr-o tija, cu o rotita care asigura inertia la rotatie, penseta pentru prinderea burghiului, sfoara si maner de lemn. Acest dispozitiv efectueaza rotatii dus-intors. Burghiele folosite se pot confectiona usor de catre bijutier. Ele pot taia in ambele sensuri.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnAezveLb6n8eP1Utp_fHE_gsu9X2iozw6Ul9_T61bIcJLa5EHigeAo0IeuNFAwOdAi0ygQ1ZOJ56USfSpsNEjVaf_Qej3royRQjdCEQjnY6c9bSnAdquBruOvCzKuOP3JsIFd9RBldfY/s1600/2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnAezveLb6n8eP1Utp_fHE_gsu9X2iozw6Ul9_T61bIcJLa5EHigeAo0IeuNFAwOdAi0ygQ1ZOJ56USfSpsNEjVaf_Qej3royRQjdCEQjnY6c9bSnAdquBruOvCzKuOP3JsIFd9RBldfY/s200/2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;127&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;BIAXUL&lt;/div&gt;
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Acesta este aparatul cel mai des folosit de bijutier pentru gaurire, frezare si finisare. Acest aparat este format dintr-un motor suspendat, ax flexibil si mandrina cu penseta pentru prinderea sculelor rotative. Turatia este reglabila printr-un reostat electronic, tip pedala. Biaxurile de calitate au turatia reglabila linear de la 0. Acestea sunt si foarte utile la tintuire si la folosirea ciocanului de tintuire, care necesita turatie mai mica. Biaxurile de calitate isi exercita puterea deja la turatii mici, avantajos pentru a nu se bloca sculele rotative din cauza lipsei de putere. Turatia Biaxurilor este intre 6.000 si 18.000 de rotatii.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeeSEiyNcy_xF5RW1v2lFIt3dD2B_9OQ1HUoU2DxNnXaW5CpDbmgVjIimmsNzRc_vnkh3NmsLhSKea2A4igENd_h_uL5FeCeztGopDWkGqZpePcFt0o02X4G6WQj5YfsxLK9mVcryEGEA/s1600/3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeeSEiyNcy_xF5RW1v2lFIt3dD2B_9OQ1HUoU2DxNnXaW5CpDbmgVjIimmsNzRc_vnkh3NmsLhSKea2A4igENd_h_uL5FeCeztGopDWkGqZpePcFt0o02X4G6WQj5YfsxLK9mVcryEGEA/s200/3.jpg&quot; width=&quot;120&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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MICROMOTOARELE&lt;/div&gt;
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Acestea sunt aparate formate dintr-o parte electronica, dintr-un cablu de alimentare si micromotorul, care este totodata si piesa de mana ce contine si penseta pentru prinderea sculelor rotative. Piesele de mana la acest aparat sunt in general mai mari decat cele ale biaxurilor, fiind insa mai usor de manevrat deoarece sunt legate doar cu un cablu electric de partea electronica. Micromotoarele au turatia reglabila, de pana la 30.000 de turatii, de obicei cu un buton de la carcasa partii electronice sau cu pedala. Micromotoarele se folosesc atat la gaurit cat si la frezat.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrsiedLFihrvzkytDTvhAgjSuJJI_KJ-LfDCoSSTfF42KzngECNscAZQTtFUuNfgqZHf4FLBKEvCtzIUx1pCSvxT_9cBEJJEBks-XVhOo5ETGTUI2IUorGjs11GbKSG8fpcn4Ahy613Ng/s1600/4.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrsiedLFihrvzkytDTvhAgjSuJJI_KJ-LfDCoSSTfF42KzngECNscAZQTtFUuNfgqZHf4FLBKEvCtzIUx1pCSvxT_9cBEJJEBks-XVhOo5ETGTUI2IUorGjs11GbKSG8fpcn4Ahy613Ng/s200/4.jpg&quot; width=&quot;128&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;MASINA DE GAURIT MANUALA&lt;/div&gt;
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Aceasta este formata dintr-un sistem de rotite ghimpate care amplifica rotatia manivelei si o transpun pe rotatia mandrinei, adica perpendicular pe rotatia manivelei. Aceste aparate se folosesc la gaurire sau la realizarea unor spirale de sarma pentru confectionarea unor anouri.&lt;/div&gt;
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MASINA DE GAURIT ELECTRICA CU STATIV&lt;/div&gt;
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Aceasta se foloseste, in domeniu, pentru gaurirea unor materiale groase, pentru prelevarea de span, pentru proba de foc si pentru confectionarea de scule. Aceste masini au de obicei turatii reglabile in trepte si se folosesc burghie spirala.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PROCEDURA DE GAURIRE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Dupa ce a fost punctat locul unde urmeaza efectuarea gauririi, urmeaza alegerea aparatului de gaurit, in functie de dotare sau in functie de material sau marime a gaurii si a materialului de gaurit.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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La gaurirea cu drilul trebuie formata indemanarea, pentru a nu ridica burghiul la miscarile in sus ale manerului de pe suprafata materialului, deoarece la urmatoarea miscare in jos acesta se poate deplasa de la locul punctat sau chiar se poate rupe, daca puterea de apasare este destul de mare. Astfel se creaza pericolul de accidentare prin intepare in degete sau mana.&lt;br /&gt;
La gaurirea cu biaxul sau cu micromotorul trebuie tinut cont de turatia si puterea de apasare pe material. Daca forta de apasare este prea mare, atunci exista pericolul ca burghiul sa se rupa in gaura. Acest lucru conduce la probleme de indepartare a restului de burghiu ramas in materialul de gaurit. Pentru a evita acest lucru este indicata folosirea de ulei sau ceara pentru a diminua frictiunea. Un alt aspect important este manuirea fara miscari necontrolate sau abrupte ale mandrinei in timpul operatiunii de gaurire, pentru a evita ruperea burghiului. La gaurirea cu masina de gaurit electrica trebuie tinut cont de turatie si de presiunea care se aplica pe burghiu, ca acesta sa nu se rupa. La operatiuni de gaurire este indicat sa folositi un ulei sau ceara pentru diminuarea frictiunii. Astfel evitati decalirea burghielor, intepenirea acestora in gaura sau chiar ruperea lor.&lt;/div&gt;
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In cazul in care s-a rupt un burghiu si varful rupt a ramas in gaura, este recomandata incercarea din partea opusa, exact la locul unde trebuia sa iasa burghiul, sa se intervina cu un punctator mai subtire sau cu o codita de freza (unde partea activa a frezei este indepartata) cu lovituri potrivite de ciocan, astfel incat patrunderea punctatorului sau a coditei de freza sa “impinga” resturile burghiului afara din&lt;br /&gt;
gaura.&lt;br /&gt;
Dupa reusita procedurii trebuie verificat meticluos, pentru a nu mai ramane vreo bucatica de otel din burgiu in gaura, deoarece cel mai mic rest de burgiu poate rupe urmatorul burghiu sau freza cu care se continua operatiunea de gaurire.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Un alt aspect important este momentul cand burghiul strapunge materialul gaurit. Aici, in multe cazuri, la neatentie se poate smulge obiectul din mana, moment in care se rupe burghiul si se produc accidentari la degete sau mana.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;FELURILE BURGHIELOR FOLOSITE IN BIJUTERIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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a) Burghiu cu varf - pentru dril;&lt;/div&gt;
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b) Burghiu spirala - pentru biax sau masina de gaurit;&lt;br /&gt;
c) Burghiu cu varf de centrare - pentru gaurit perle.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;CONFECTIONAREA BURGHIULUI CU VARF (Bild 5.33)&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Avand in vedere ca se gasesc toate dimensiunile de burghie din otel de calitate si la preturi rezonabile in comert, nu mai merita confectionarea lor. Totusi este bine ca bijutierul sa cunoasca modalitatea de confectionare a unui burghiu, in caz de nevoie.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXU6tVBe36yQGAOyqd8Kx-R7cRrWoKBcQBuI_h6PVuYIXoQgcmRCP87hTb8W4VMIjHS0Y07McqsHe30-3vNYvTn5tPGz4u8Iyyq_W3BsOiQUo6UZnylf6aN7GpONtX4ucj2yDlxt0xk14/s1600/5.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;162&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXU6tVBe36yQGAOyqd8Kx-R7cRrWoKBcQBuI_h6PVuYIXoQgcmRCP87hTb8W4VMIjHS0Y07McqsHe30-3vNYvTn5tPGz4u8Iyyq_W3BsOiQUo6UZnylf6aN7GpONtX4ucj2yDlxt0xk14/s200/5.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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PROCEDURA&lt;br /&gt;
1) – pregatirea unei tije de otel de scule, in diametru corespunzator cu marimea gaurii;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS1-Sazohoim7WtDZWGO8sjwsqs7HYMyFdU8HxHMC-8THTa_SzAlHQrtohPCanmIWUZGGrIVJsbRsKLn2wHnvZmaXXQoDveMGa83W_RYclMlFFCYsWH1Wwi_wiSAf-vpTLB2Nr4Svizog/s1600/6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;181&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS1-Sazohoim7WtDZWGO8sjwsqs7HYMyFdU8HxHMC-8THTa_SzAlHQrtohPCanmIWUZGGrIVJsbRsKLn2wHnvZmaXXQoDveMGa83W_RYclMlFFCYsWH1Wwi_wiSAf-vpTLB2Nr4Svizog/s200/6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;conform &lt;i&gt;figurii 1 punctul a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
2) – se decaleste portiunea tijei care urmeaza sa fie prelucrata ca varf;&lt;br /&gt;
3) – se pileste tija, subtiind-o conform &lt;i&gt;figurii 1 punctul b&lt;/i&gt;;&lt;br /&gt;
4) –se forjeaza partea groasa a capatului pentru a obtine partea plata pentru formarea varfului;&lt;br /&gt;
5) – se pileste “talia” &lt;i&gt;figurii 1 punctul c&lt;/i&gt; si se formeaza cele 2 muchii ale taisului;&lt;br /&gt;
6) – se verifica forma tijei, aceasta trebuie sa fie perfect dreapta pentru a nu bate burgiul, apoi se caleste toata piesa incalzind-o de la codita spre varf si se raceste imediat in apa;&lt;br /&gt;
7) – se face revenirea, deoarece fara revenire burghiul ramne foarte casant; aceasta operatiune se face smirgheluind, cu un smirghel mediu (320-400), toata tija, inclusiv varful format prin pilire, apoi cu o flacara mai ascutita se incalzeste burgiul de la codita spre varf, pana ce suprafata varfului ajunge la culoarea galben-pai;&lt;br /&gt;
8 – se ascute taisul, in unghiul potrivit, pe piatra de ulei (preferabil Arkansas).&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/4104440135259938059/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/gaurire-frezare.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4104440135259938059'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4104440135259938059'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/gaurire-frezare.html' title='Gaurirea / Frezarea'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgQYFubFc43tVE5GGWZjDi4dxj0Q5N8x_B2eLnPR9BxJdvTUO0gJJYgsHlqzgcclFDn3S0Y7W8PZro_uH9IvOwYscRr04x-I0q2n0v5esiF2Wu_207cyeiaTvRemjin3Lxbpy0tB-omnE/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-1865423821714298024</id><published>2012-07-22T14:22:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:55:28.802+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 07 - Forfecarea"/><title type='text'>Forfecarea</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-KFgJidMYqaHiYSbNloe2FMWBAgF9PZrinB-HgnSWOHG-AJOkal3syNw9VhJlhohyphenhyphen2n44QSca2bAzlb8Yz-T8EpSpdcHMW8orS1NM8ZIDw6ZJUvgDlNhM876DGDLhZd7WxRPsT8pKbQU/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;76&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-KFgJidMYqaHiYSbNloe2FMWBAgF9PZrinB-HgnSWOHG-AJOkal3syNw9VhJlhohyphenhyphen2n44QSca2bAzlb8Yz-T8EpSpdcHMW8orS1NM8ZIDw6ZJUvgDlNhM876DGDLhZd7WxRPsT8pKbQU/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Forfecarea este operatiunea de despartire a materialului fara aschiere prin utilizarea foarfecelor.&lt;/div&gt;
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Forfecarea este o operatiune rapida in comparatie cu traforarea. Ea se foloseste la taierea unor portiuni mici de tabla cu linia de taiere simpla.&lt;/div&gt;
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In functie de grosimea materialului si de numarul de taieturi necesare se folosesc diferite forme marimi si feluri de foarfeci. Noi deosebim foarfecele ca fiind manuale si mecanice.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-xpatlNnXpjq0t-Vdc63S-xZrEj54km95AX_3S8vmUrZyionckIb9DP8ucrS6_jMSJ_ay8ECcL8t_G2VMrKWj-ATrsSgfKsrODkhCN0IAqYSBWs-RVgaI1ZcmFVrs-vCo2KU_zIQq3W4/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;151&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-xpatlNnXpjq0t-Vdc63S-xZrEj54km95AX_3S8vmUrZyionckIb9DP8ucrS6_jMSJ_ay8ECcL8t_G2VMrKWj-ATrsSgfKsrODkhCN0IAqYSBWs-RVgaI1ZcmFVrs-vCo2KU_zIQq3W4/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Cele mai utilizate foarfeci manuale in bijuterie&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca lioneza;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca de lipitura;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca dreapta;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca curbata;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca de lanturi;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca cu parghii;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca cu dispozitiv de debitare a lungimii.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUkk-LAoZSPYmliUHA9VeJyueg8ZIQARhQDUwLDusLOJ8LQqJaqVyOSN4fv18Tx2iGwKPOocZKdw6Cqty93Qpw7s-I_WpAJAe2a1l7uC2pQJ8i6I3Mxw3KHttNFzn0m2BWo_zj9cYubak/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUkk-LAoZSPYmliUHA9VeJyueg8ZIQARhQDUwLDusLOJ8LQqJaqVyOSN4fv18Tx2iGwKPOocZKdw6Cqty93Qpw7s-I_WpAJAe2a1l7uC2pQJ8i6I3Mxw3KHttNFzn0m2BWo_zj9cYubak/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;160&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Foarfeci mecanice utilizate in bijuterie&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca circular manuala;&lt;br /&gt;
- foarfeca circular electrica;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- ghilotina manuala;&lt;br /&gt;
- ghilotina electrica.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;MARE ATENTIE! LA LUCRUL CU FOARFECI
EXISTA URMATOARELE PERICOLE:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pericol de accidentare la foarfecile manuale&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
- prinderea in capatul manerului in momentul taierii capatului liniei de taiere, adica momentul in care partea activa a bacurilor iese din material;&lt;br /&gt;
- canturile taieturii cu foarfeca sunt atat de ascutite incat se poate produce usor ranirea pielii la atingerea acestora;&lt;br /&gt;
- colturile materialului obtinute prin forfecare sunt ascutite si prezinta la fel un pericol de accidentare;&lt;br /&gt;
- la materialele cu duritate ridicata se poate intampla ca foarfeca sa suceasca materialul intre bacuri astfel incat se poate ajunge la accidentare sau la deteriorarea materialului.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pericolele de accidentare la foarfecile mecanice sunt in general ca si la cele manuale&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
- la foarfeca circular electrica se poate trage totodata cu materialul o maneca sau o parte din haine in angrenajul discurilor care pot conduce la accidentari grave.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/1865423821714298024/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/forfecarea.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/1865423821714298024'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/1865423821714298024'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/forfecarea.html' title='Forfecarea'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-KFgJidMYqaHiYSbNloe2FMWBAgF9PZrinB-HgnSWOHG-AJOkal3syNw9VhJlhohyphenhyphen2n44QSca2bAzlb8Yz-T8EpSpdcHMW8orS1NM8ZIDw6ZJUvgDlNhM876DGDLhZd7WxRPsT8pKbQU/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-1565640620974968695</id><published>2012-07-21T14:21:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:55:56.582+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 08 - Traforarea"/><title type='text'>Traforarea - generalitati</title><content type='html'>&lt;b style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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Traforarea este
operatiunea de despartire a materialului prin aschiere in vederea obtinerii
unor debite sau a unor ornamente.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Despartirea se
poate face si cu foarfeca prin forfecare. Dezavantajul traforarii fata de
forfecare consta in:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- producerea de
aschii – aceea care totdeauna conduce si la o pierdere de material;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- procedura
necesita mai mult timp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- prin uzura sau
ruperea panzelor de traforaj se scumpeste operatiunea.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Ca urmare se
traforeaza cand nu se poate aplica forfecarea cum ar fi:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- la profile de
tabla groasa, sarma groasa, bara groasa;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- la decuparea
unor forme complicate in tabla;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- la debitarea
sarnirului sau a unor sarme care ar fi deformate la forfecare.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Modul de actiune
a panzei de traforaj consta in actiunea dintilor amplasati unul dupa celalalt
pe latura ingusta a panzei, care la miscarea specifica a panzei smulg, ca niste
pene, material din suprafata metalului peste care actioneaza. Acest material
smuls ramane intre dintii panzei pana ce acestia ies din material. Materialul smuls,
care se mai afla intre dintii panzei, se elibereaza sub forma de span marunt. Forma,
marimea si amplasarea dintilor panzei de traforaj depind de materialul care
trebuie prelucrat. Astfel un material dur si tenace necesita dinti cu un unghi
mare, iar la materialele maleabile cu duritate mica se folosesc panze cu
dantura deasa si unghiul dintilor mic.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Rama de
traforaj&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- consta intr-o rama reglabila in lungime, cu maner si doua bacuri
de prindere, actionate cu surub pentru prinderea panzei si un maner.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Ramele de
traforaj folosite in bijuterie au adancimi intre 60 si 200 mm.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/1565640620974968695/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/traforarea-generalitati.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/1565640620974968695'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/1565640620974968695'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/traforarea-generalitati.html' title='Traforarea - generalitati'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicA29usNmQEZmy22CUHIEAP0BlU24Nro3Jcxy_64h1eX32THOA5Lz5VVKvLlVqVJIKJFUg91OVvxxStthGU3A2AVtvLLRiV_Upp4e8DQAsc4yhWZF1Dnd5BGw5CXUtX47EN28EfKDGfrI/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-7980433798520345820</id><published>2012-07-20T14:20:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:55:56.583+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 08 - Traforarea"/><title type='text'>Procedura si operatiunea de traforare</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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Priderea panzei
in rama se face astfel: prima data se va prinde panza, cu dintii orientati spre
manerul ramei, in bacul de sus. Panza se prinde usor inclinata in spate, pentru
a nu se rupe la solicitare prin apasare. Apoi se sprijina partea opusa manerului
de failnaghel si se apasa usor cu pieptul pe maner pentru a tensiona usor rama,
urmand prinderea capatului celalalt al panzei in bacurile din partea manerului.
Se slabeste apasarea pe manerul ramei si se verifica tensiunea panzei. &lt;/div&gt;
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Daca tensiunea
este prea mare se va rupe panza usor. Daca tensiunea este prea mica, linia de
traforare devine necontrolabila.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;PREGATIREA
MATERIALULUI PENTRU TRAFORAT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Pe suprafata
materialului de traforat se traseaza linia de traforare cu ajutorul acului de
trasat. La trasarea unor forme complicate se poate folosi si creionul sau o
carioca subtire. In unele cazuri se poate lipi hartia cu schita sau desenul
direct pe suprafata materialului de traforat cu un adeziv potrivit.&lt;/div&gt;
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In cazul in care
este necesara o traforare in interiorul suprafetei, se va puncta capatul unor
linii si se va gauri materialul cu burghiul potrivit in grosime.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;OPERATIUNEA
DE TRAFORARE&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Traforajul
actioneaza in timp ce se trage in jos. Totodata acesta trebuie impins in fata, in
directia de taiere, pentru ca panza de traforaj sa poata avansa in material.
Miscarea in sus se face fara presiune de avans.La grosimi mai mari ale
materialului este necesara o putere mai mare de avans, decat in cazul
materialelor subtiri.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Rezultatele cele
mai bune se obtin cand traforajul este manuit cat se poate de lejer in miscari
uniforme si fara intreruperi. Astfel se obtine o dunga de taiere neteda.&lt;/div&gt;
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In majoritatea
utilizarilor, taietura trebuie sa fie perpendiculara pe suprafata materialului,
motiv pentru care traforajul nu are voie sa fie inclinat lateral in timpul
miscarii de traforare.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Pentru
traforarea in colturi se va misca traforajul fara presiune de avans, in timp ce
se va roti obiectul. In cazul in care panza de traforaj s-a blocat, trebuie
incercata deblocarea acesteia cu miscari usoare. Daca operatiunea de traforare
necesita deplasarea panzei retur in taietura, atunci se va face returnarea
concomitent cu miscari sus jos a panzei pentru a evita blocarea acesteia.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Pentru a diminua
frictiunea panzei de traforaj se poate folosi ceara de albine cu care, din cand
in cand, se va unge panza, trecand cu ea usor peste panza. In multe cazuri este
suficient trecerea panzei printre 2 degete, deoarece grasimea capilara produce
efectul de ungere.&lt;/div&gt;
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Pentru lucrari
in serie se mai foloseste si fierastraul electric.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Noi deosebim 3
feluri de fierastraie electrice:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- fierastrau
electric pentru panze de traforaj;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- fierastrau
electric circular;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- fierastrau
electric gen bandzig.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Acestea se
folosesc in functie de materiale, operatiuni si serii.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Panzele de traforaj exista in diferite grosimi pentru
utilizare in functie de felul si grosimea materialului de prelucrat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Denumire&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Grosime&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
Latime&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.8/0 –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 0,16&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
x&amp;nbsp; 0,32 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.7/0 –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 0,17&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
x&amp;nbsp; 0,34 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.6/0 –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 0,18&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
x&amp;nbsp; 0,36 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.5/0 –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 0,20&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
x&amp;nbsp; 0,40 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.4/0 –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 0,22&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
x&amp;nbsp; 0,44 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.3/0 –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 0,24&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
x&amp;nbsp; 0,48 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.2/0 –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 0,26&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
x&amp;nbsp; 0,52 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.0&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,28&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 0,56 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.1&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,30&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 0,60 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.2&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,34&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 0,70 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.3&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,36&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 0,75 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.4&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,38&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 0,80 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.5&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,40&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 0,85 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.6&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,44&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 0,95 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.7&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,50&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 1.10 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.8&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,52&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 1.20 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.9&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,55&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 1.30 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.10&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,58&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp; 1.40 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.11&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,60&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.60 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.12&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,60&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1.80 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; margin-left: -18pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;No.14&amp;nbsp; –&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
0,60&amp;nbsp; x&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2.00 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Heinz Karl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/7980433798520345820/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/traforarea.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/7980433798520345820'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/7980433798520345820'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/traforarea.html' title='Procedura si operatiunea de traforare'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNC86yjICO5wKEazZ9vTMK26qNugwQ3VdRG_J72fYUOnYWkUL-sfe6dMrcs7zkyUmD_mCoHfhvGJm6QCs2EXJi3ZVT12RXsNspK_sl04IcBGT6eQiLCEX6ftlHXMqNyXKJ7THXwAlLpQw/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-5088329544405737031</id><published>2012-07-19T15:00:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:56:29.830+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 09 - Lipirea"/><title type='text'>Lipirea - generalitati</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpMMLMdyiR5a-OUTO-JSkbpOvsx8y63293mP1jytnyz_tVZmrQa_1qbi7bfwLVG_xieKmggi8_ORWQZW4g3bJ_9yiWrXXqgBhqSdL1O3fO7JdvSMxHQQgeOZkfJO2LTcwUq0fs-eGzEg8/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;176&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpMMLMdyiR5a-OUTO-JSkbpOvsx8y63293mP1jytnyz_tVZmrQa_1qbi7bfwLVG_xieKmggi8_ORWQZW4g3bJ_9yiWrXXqgBhqSdL1O3fO7JdvSMxHQQgeOZkfJO2LTcwUq0fs-eGzEg8/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;u style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot; style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Procedura de
imbinare prin incalzire a unor parti metalice cu ajutorul unui alt material
metalic. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Lipitura de aliaj - la care punctul de topire este sub punctul de topire al partilor de imbinare.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot; style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;u&gt;TIPURI DE LIPITURI&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4ZQK0NbkSRHZ26NLnBoCNAQt4ki6-Gm7yOkxCeAO_bcK3WuJj_x-zj40oXE-f6rY5iGOaxzEm53YUOJxN1enq8o8_vflM4HMFOpPyOZQdmMLLq_ygssiKcHLeNmh0YFLYRJOyzVXpYJE/s1600/2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;90&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4ZQK0NbkSRHZ26NLnBoCNAQt4ki6-Gm7yOkxCeAO_bcK3WuJj_x-zj40oXE-f6rY5iGOaxzEm53YUOJxN1enq8o8_vflM4HMFOpPyOZQdmMLLq_ygssiKcHLeNmh0YFLYRJOyzVXpYJE/s200/2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- moi, cu
punctul de topire a lipiturii sub 350°C
– de exemplu, fludor sau cositor;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- tari, cu punctul de topire a lipiturii peste
450°C - cu aliaje specifice ale metalelor pretioase &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot; style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;in bijuterie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; - se foloseste lipitura
tare.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot; style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;Lipitura tare&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- o imbinare nedemontabila
care consta in formarea unui „aliaj nou“ intre partile de imbinat si lipitura la suprafata de contact a acestora;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- fenomenul care
sta la baza „aliajului nou“ este difundarea – procesul la care se difunda molecule din lipitura in structura moleculara a
partilor de imbinat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot; style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;Lipitura
moale&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- este o
legatura superficiala intre partile de imbinat si lipitura datorita fenomenului
de adeziune;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- fenomenul
de difundare in legatura dintre aliajele metalelor pretioase si lipitura moale este aproape inexistent;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- este
rar folosita in bijuterie, iar cand este folosita, este asociata cu lipsa de profesionalism, acest tip de lipitura conducand in majoritatea cazurilor la distrugerea obiectului respectiv.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLhD9ePDuaaDw6ML963wsJNDfHIPGNt5gBdiwhyphenhyphennZ4T-TfzY9FHXg0s163aP7DC2jxTObTX1s0LpCwtw4o-65qxpdGE8WeD_IzjJzArtA0fBSRZV99VBdpbdIVsPaY-MJsyW1YbjuoRfA/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;133&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLhD9ePDuaaDw6ML963wsJNDfHIPGNt5gBdiwhyphenhyphennZ4T-TfzY9FHXg0s163aP7DC2jxTObTX1s0LpCwtw4o-65qxpdGE8WeD_IzjJzArtA0fBSRZV99VBdpbdIVsPaY-MJsyW1YbjuoRfA/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;ATENTIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt; !!!&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- cositorul este cea mai des intilnita lipitura
moale;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- lipitura moale, folosita
la bijuterii, poate crea probleme majore ajungand in aliaje de aur sau
argint, acestea pot deveni
casante, deci neprelucrabile
si se pot recupera numai prin afinare.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/5088329544405737031/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/lipirea-generalitati.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/5088329544405737031'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/5088329544405737031'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/lipirea-generalitati.html' title='Lipirea - generalitati'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpMMLMdyiR5a-OUTO-JSkbpOvsx8y63293mP1jytnyz_tVZmrQa_1qbi7bfwLVG_xieKmggi8_ORWQZW4g3bJ_9yiWrXXqgBhqSdL1O3fO7JdvSMxHQQgeOZkfJO2LTcwUq0fs-eGzEg8/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-4302422377209996074</id><published>2012-07-18T14:59:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:56:29.826+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 09 - Lipirea"/><title type='text'>Conditii de realizare a unei lipiri corecte</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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- suprafetele de imbinare si ale lipiturii trebuie sa fie curate, fara oxizi si fara grasimi sau alte impurificatii;&lt;/div&gt;
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- este obligatorie prezenta solutiei decapante (borax sau alte preparate);&lt;/div&gt;
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- alegerea unei surse de incalzire potrivita operatiunii; &lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;SCULE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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PENSETE&lt;/div&gt;
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- de lucru, pentru prindere sau manipularea obiectelor la lipire;&lt;/div&gt;
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- de lipitura, pentru aplicarea lipiturii pe fugurile partilor de imbinat;&lt;/div&gt;
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- inversa, pentru prinderea si fixarea obiectelor la lipire.&lt;/div&gt;
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ROBOT&lt;/div&gt;
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- cu un brat sau mai multe brate, cu sau fara lupa, pentru prinderea si montarea rapida a partilor de imbinat.&lt;/div&gt;
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PLACA DE LIPIT&lt;/div&gt;
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- este suportul refractar pe care se efectueaza lipirea (aceasta placa sa fie din compozitie minerala sau ceramica si sa nu contina azbest, azbestul fiind cancerigen!!).&lt;/div&gt;
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PLASA DE SARMA&lt;/div&gt;
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- este suportul pe care se efectueaza lipirea cand obiectul trebuie incalzit uniform si de jos.&lt;/div&gt;
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PENSULE&lt;/div&gt;
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- pentru aplicarea solutiei decapante, iar uneori si pentru aplicarea lipiturii.&lt;/div&gt;
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FARFURIOARA&lt;/div&gt;
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- pentru conul de borax.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;MATERIALE NECESARE OPERATIUNII DE TOPIRE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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SOLUTII DECAPANTE cum ar fi boraxul sau Boraxin s.a. care:&lt;/div&gt;
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- ridica fluiditatea lipiturii topite;&lt;/div&gt;
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- reduc tensiunea de suprafata la lipitura topita;&lt;/div&gt;
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- impiedica formarea oxizilor;&lt;/div&gt;
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- dizolva oxizi.&lt;/div&gt;
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PROTECTIA SUPRAFETEI cu:&lt;/div&gt;
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- acid boric: pentru evitarea oxidarii la incalzire;&lt;/div&gt;
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- fluoron: preparat cu acid boric si alte ingrediente pentru evitarea oxidarii la incalzire;&lt;/div&gt;
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- pasta protectoare termica - pentru parti sensibile la temperatura, cum ar fi pietrele;&lt;/div&gt;
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- sarma de legat - din fier in diferite grosimi pentru montarea prin legare a partilor de imbinat.&lt;/div&gt;
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DOTARI PENTRU OPERATIUNEA DE INCALZIRE&lt;/div&gt;
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- lampa de spirt cu teava de suflat - (este o investitie mica);&lt;/div&gt;
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- cu timp de incalzire mai indelungat la obiecte mai mari. &lt;/div&gt;
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PISTOL DE LIPIT CU GAZ - PROPAN SAU METAN &lt;/div&gt;
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- cu surplus de aer prin suflare sau cun mic compresor;&lt;/div&gt;
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- cea mai des folosita instalatie de lipire;&lt;/div&gt;
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- cu timp de incalzire rezonabil;&lt;/div&gt;
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- se pot produce temperaturi de peste 1000°C. &lt;/div&gt;
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PISTOL DE LIPIT CU GAZ - PROPAN SI OXIGEN&lt;/div&gt;
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(presupune existenta unei butelii de oxigen)&lt;/div&gt;
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- timp de incalzire rapid; &lt;/div&gt;
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- se pot produce temperaturi de peste 2000°C;&lt;/div&gt;
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- temperaturi necesare pentru platina;&lt;/div&gt;
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APARAT DE LIPIT CU BUTELIE DE GAZ IN MINER&lt;/div&gt;
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(are incorporata butelie de presiune)&lt;/div&gt;
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- indicat pentru lucrari mici si care nu au un caracter curent. &lt;/div&gt;
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GENERATOR DE GAZ OXHIDRIC &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- cea mai eficienta metoda de lipire;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
- se produce instantaneu gazul intrebuintat prin electoliza apei; &lt;/div&gt;
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- flacara se poate incarca cu substanta protectoare impotriva oxidarii suprafetelor;&lt;/div&gt;
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- se pot atinge temperaturi de pana la 3000°C - focusarea caldurii se face intr-un mod foarte precis.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLQsUHaCYrHM-eRgKXduZgsSYInU-AD5ufCmFv1tp4O8U91WC0INO2r6jNQDMkL_bVOySvc5kSocJxmu5RN8yfpd_hj3nCiTxoYWQQN_eGQbpTUvKjKXkiAjPN98aectOZBukWgYzb_ws/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;147&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLQsUHaCYrHM-eRgKXduZgsSYInU-AD5ufCmFv1tp4O8U91WC0INO2r6jNQDMkL_bVOySvc5kSocJxmu5RN8yfpd_hj3nCiTxoYWQQN_eGQbpTUvKjKXkiAjPN98aectOZBukWgYzb_ws/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
LIPITURA &lt;/div&gt;
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Trebuie sa fie: &lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDT3tGtXV4eWCs6G4TXoSs3J0gupLyhX-HMXkSlCeCaDvvsw7P9tqxwRFFMX_nu5seJbUWVu_W2shKp54YOWJJCy712iGOk_XdZZR-LrT1EU6tcKtaA5KYeDSguLM1RxnmFEb-gxm-98U/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;81&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDT3tGtXV4eWCs6G4TXoSs3J0gupLyhX-HMXkSlCeCaDvvsw7P9tqxwRFFMX_nu5seJbUWVu_W2shKp54YOWJJCy712iGOk_XdZZR-LrT1EU6tcKtaA5KYeDSguLM1RxnmFEb-gxm-98U/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;- de acelasi titlu ca si partile de imbinat;&lt;/div&gt;
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- de aceeasi culoare cu partile de imbinat; &lt;/div&gt;
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- cu punctul de topire mai scazut decat partile de imbinat.&lt;/div&gt;
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Este in forma de:&lt;/div&gt;
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- tabla intre 0,3 - 0,5 mm grosime, din care se taie cu o foarfeca bucati in dimensiuni potrivite;&lt;/div&gt;
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- forma de sarma in grosime de 0,5 mm este indicata la lipiri in serie pentru ca aplicarea se face mult mai rapid;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggZU4G9penl5ueMugZEVd-GrVLgbWsHJVn4Io3NrvyPyfW8Cko_12vSCdLMWUALgNHI7hgpqdlfIFfNsl8nBTx6lw0LDRygEQ3KD6YWRSW5r3M7UuTs0HM6YrQJZYj4lNWAHE76Sx_D58/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;84&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggZU4G9penl5ueMugZEVd-GrVLgbWsHJVn4Io3NrvyPyfW8Cko_12vSCdLMWUALgNHI7hgpqdlfIFfNsl8nBTx6lw0LDRygEQ3KD6YWRSW5r3M7UuTs0HM6YrQJZYj4lNWAHE76Sx_D58/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;-  pulbere sau pilitura in special pentru lucrari de filigran;&lt;/div&gt;
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-  pasta in seringa cu continut de decapant, pentru luncrari in serie si lucrari foarte fine, deoarece aplicarea se poate realiza foarte precis atat in cantitate cat si in pozitionare, iar continutul de decapant este optim.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
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Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
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Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/4302422377209996074/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/conditii-de-realizare-unei-lipiri.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4302422377209996074'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4302422377209996074'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/conditii-de-realizare-unei-lipiri.html' title='Conditii de realizare a unei lipiri corecte'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEd6Wt3aOl94_8mH1oppfq8obWoA1O9hOtx8dCfIoOfoQc0B0oKeikljJK4OQd3nYbhnGyN8KUVLg2GybMMlgBZ0qa84vBw_DVhGa1iF_Y-mwwGqGBdO4h_J2X6l_cQX5vZ8Y_5uzfNG0/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-4841555879929248056</id><published>2012-07-17T14:58:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:56:29.828+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 09 - Lipirea"/><title type='text'>Operatiunea de lipire</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;LUCRARI PREMERGATOARE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir_F-CwFrlVsmZXb95tuUOyIlhJPdR8yhQqcu6RvVpRPQ5uZEJXxBcr5HW3Xj90ViRpL5ak9PmlrFhTudWU51CcQLfo7pKiL4hX22o3FH4mpER15YTdSbcL-WKNmHR-vq6nagNxOyeRBM/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;132&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir_F-CwFrlVsmZXb95tuUOyIlhJPdR8yhQqcu6RvVpRPQ5uZEJXxBcr5HW3Xj90ViRpL5ak9PmlrFhTudWU51CcQLfo7pKiL4hX22o3FH4mpER15YTdSbcL-WKNmHR-vq6nagNxOyeRBM/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;a.) aranjarea fugului de lipit
curatat si degresat;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;b.) aplicarea decapantului cu pensula;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;c.) dozarea potrivita a lipiturii - foarte
importanta deoarece:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;-
la cantitate prea mica va ramane vizibil fugul - sau imbinarea nu este ferma;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- la cantitate prea mare de
lipitura - este „ incarcat cu lipitura“ tot anturajul fugului, care presupune un efort in timp si
consumabile si cu producerea unor pierderi de material la indepartarea
acestui surplus; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;-&amp;nbsp; aplicarea lipiturii cu penseta, pensula, lopatica sau seringa la locul potivit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;u&gt;LIPIREA PROPRIU-ZISA&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgESbbLMVZ2NkebWSDLeRoKbJ8P2oYlI6_0LEdeGL5wDMRYPCgTfNj-jEQ8q9mCeIMeioawtByvF5-eJNjv7AVicnQaKc_Xc-QwKex3OWC3X7GsrvSD1tulrE5tk2VuInwDYm3zrt1g7Dg/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;149&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgESbbLMVZ2NkebWSDLeRoKbJ8P2oYlI6_0LEdeGL5wDMRYPCgTfNj-jEQ8q9mCeIMeioawtByvF5-eJNjv7AVicnQaKc_Xc-QwKex3OWC3X7GsrvSD1tulrE5tk2VuInwDYm3zrt1g7Dg/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- incalzirea
- sa fie lenta si obiectul sa fie
incalzit in intregime, iar cand se ajunge cu incalzirea in apropierea punctului de topire a lipiturii, sa se concentreze
incalzirea pe segmentul lipirii;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- responsabil pentru intrarea
lipiturii topite in fug este efectul capilar al fugului si puterii de coeziune moleculara.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCYNQV37I9IZJBexr1zgdDHmwGpELNiG0h1aC7TX5Apkw12cMmcZr879kjlsCttO_JFi5aJ0TmjMr2aLSErAVE06lPOiagaDr9rdOt7DlS0EIRVvu84OLyF63oxZqZa_9ashP2yLco9es/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCYNQV37I9IZJBexr1zgdDHmwGpELNiG0h1aC7TX5Apkw12cMmcZr879kjlsCttO_JFi5aJ0TmjMr2aLSErAVE06lPOiagaDr9rdOt7DlS0EIRVvu84OLyF63oxZqZa_9ashP2yLco9es/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;199&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;LUCRARI ULTERIOARE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;a.) daca este indicata o racire rapida:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- se
introduce obiectul in spirt - atentie sa nu ia foc vasul cu spirt!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- in
caz de aliaj de aur alb - racirea se face in apa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;b.) daca este
indicata o racire lenta: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- se
lasa obiectul pe placa de lipit si
se acopera acesta de ex. cu ramsalul pentru
a evita eventuali curenti de aer, iar cand il puteti atinge cu mana se poate trece la:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;FIERBEREA IN ACID&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- se
fierbe obiectul racit in zud care este intr-un amestec de acizi care se
descompun pe cale biologica (acidul
sulfuric a fost utilizat mult pentru aceasta operatiune, dar el creeaza
probleme in mediu si constituie
o substanta precursoare de droguri, motiv pentru care nu mai este indicata
folosirea acestuia); &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- aceasta operatiune sa se faca intr-o incapere
bine aerisita sau sub hota; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- temperatura sa fie de ca. 70°C, intr-un vas de
portelan rezistent la foc sau in sticla de JENA; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- vasul&amp;nbsp;
de fierbere specific este solutia cea mai buna, deoarece temperatura este
mentinuta la 70°C, capacul de care
este prins cosul din ceramica ca suport pentru obiecte, este etans.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;DUPA FIERBERE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- urmeaza
clatirea in apa, introducerea in spirt si apoi uscarea cu laveta sau in rumegus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;EVITATI !!!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- introducerea obiectelor
incalzite ( dupa lipire sau decalire ) in zud sau in acid sulfuric diluat, deoarece moleculele
incalzite permit unor cantitati mici de acid sa intre in structura lor intermoleculara, iar aceste
cantitati de acid:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- strica structura
moleculara la suprafata materialului;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- duce la corodarea rapida a sculelor, masinilor si a aparatelor; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- poate declansa, prin purtarea
acestor obiecte, eczeme abundente sau chiar alergii;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- tinerea pe masa
de lucru a vasului cu acid, deoarece se produc vapori care contin cantitati de
acid, iar acestia&lt;/span&gt; produc, pe
langa corodarea sculelor, aparatelor, masinilor si deteriorarea grava a
sanatatii Dumneavoastra !!!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;MENTIUNI&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Prin tinerea vasului cu zud intr-o
alta incapere realizati 2 avantaje pentru sanatatea Dumneavoastra:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot; style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;1. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Nu inhalati toata ziua vapori de acizi;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;2. Realizati o
scurta pauza, foarte productiva, rezultata din deplasarea dumneavoastra la
vasul de fierbere.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Placile de lipit
din azbest sunt foarte daunatoare sanatatii!!&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Deobicei se lucreaza la lipire deasupra
lor, iar acestea au o structura de
fibre impletite de carlige microscopice (gen carligului pescaresc) care, inhalate, raman in sistemul
pulmonar, producand iritatii permanente, pana la declansarea uni cancer &amp;nbsp;pulmonar (in anul 1970 a fost interzisa
folosirea azbestului in Germania in toate domeniile de activitate) ; astazi
acestea se inlocuiesc cu plac&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;i din compozitie
minerala sau ceramica, nedaunatoare.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Heinz Karl&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
Expert in Diamante DgemG&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/4841555879929248056/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/operatiunea-de-lipire.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4841555879929248056'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/4841555879929248056'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/operatiunea-de-lipire.html' title='Operatiunea de lipire'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir_F-CwFrlVsmZXb95tuUOyIlhJPdR8yhQqcu6RvVpRPQ5uZEJXxBcr5HW3Xj90ViRpL5ak9PmlrFhTudWU51CcQLfo7pKiL4hX22o3FH4mpER15YTdSbcL-WKNmHR-vq6nagNxOyeRBM/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-5083797679766830936</id><published>2012-07-16T13:00:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:59:45.998+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 10 - Topirea"/><title type='text'>Topirea materialelor pretioase - generalitati</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;DEFINITIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Trecerea unui material din stare solida in stare lichida cu ajutorul temperaturii.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;GENERALITATI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkHvmYGWxZ4CuwFT5CLqDwhPUu1dLfEPwMpR0ckV6eQZ4RRf23CHgIBabr5vcGeg8XnMB-zq54NRcJHntdtUk-YfPVmfFnHDMqjwQ3j8lnEtyUGkjhpvOKoeKk2p-ZpB-EJN3NHjVRdN0/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;180&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkHvmYGWxZ4CuwFT5CLqDwhPUu1dLfEPwMpR0ckV6eQZ4RRf23CHgIBabr5vcGeg8XnMB-zq54NRcJHntdtUk-YfPVmfFnHDMqjwQ3j8lnEtyUGkjhpvOKoeKk2p-ZpB-EJN3NHjVRdN0/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Topirea este o procedura foarte complexa; aici o sa ne focuzam atentia pe aspectele de importanta practica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Reteaua cristalina a metalelor nu este o structura rigida, ci este un sistem dinamic. In acest sistem se afla electroni intr-o miscare continua. Acestia, la rindul lor, sunt inconjurati de ioni metalici care se afla, la fel, intr-o miscare continua, pe o traiectorie limitata in jurul acestora. Acestea sunt tinute intre ele de forte de coeziune. Cu ridicarea temperaturii, se accelereaza viteza de miscare in atom prin care fortele de legatura (coeziune) se slabesc. In acelasi timp cu cresterea vitezei de miscare in atomi se maresc si distantele dintre acestea (ex. din practica: la decalire placa subtire, care nu se afla pe suport plan, se deformeaza!). Datorita maririi distantei interatomice la incalzire, cunoastem dilatarea metalelor la incalzire. La atingerea punctului de topire energia miscarii va fi mai mare decit fortele de coeziune dintre atomi. Urmeaza desprinderea atomilor din reteaua cristalina. Aceasta desprindere este un proces continuu, paralel cu cresterea temperaturii.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdoivcPFTHlhrcZsKfKIDIdJGI76-yHxlCqiJz8qrN3brKEni2d8reSIb153ElpoHcwMRrRvKzFX_RGtMiD7X9rVrzC12zpVDtqb_fgiNmcLI1qqwABYlvwpPphXKolqdTE5eqeu2vNdg/s1600/2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;150&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdoivcPFTHlhrcZsKfKIDIdJGI76-yHxlCqiJz8qrN3brKEni2d8reSIb153ElpoHcwMRrRvKzFX_RGtMiD7X9rVrzC12zpVDtqb_fgiNmcLI1qqwABYlvwpPphXKolqdTE5eqeu2vNdg/s200/2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;La topirea cu flacara, caldura ajunge la material, de obicei, din partea de sus. Aici incepe procesul de „dizolvare“ a cristalelor care apoi patrund prin intregul material astfel incat materialul topit curge la fundul creuzetului, iar cristalele care mai sunt intacte sau care sunt pe cale sa se dizolve, plutesc in topitura pana ce si acestea se dizolova, si asa mai departe pana ce topitura devine omogena. La topirea metalelor pure cu flacara, va ramane temperatura topirii constanta, dar la aliaje temperatura trebuie ridicata usor dupa atingerea punctului de topire.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;ALIAJUL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFP4IYb2BqCtm4pwx8NtTZqeW-19pBXB8PxhxVKddRLehMqfqk4mbYzkAofVQhSsBFp9hzXHLMznFaEsy561_OL2vdwQR_zpiCMDrDiZoGIIy2IUtTN9TYfVG7Wqs3t6R7Xq3IXpKKUuI/s1600/3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFP4IYb2BqCtm4pwx8NtTZqeW-19pBXB8PxhxVKddRLehMqfqk4mbYzkAofVQhSsBFp9hzXHLMznFaEsy561_OL2vdwQR_zpiCMDrDiZoGIIy2IUtTN9TYfVG7Wqs3t6R7Xq3IXpKKUuI/s200/3.jpg&quot; width=&quot;195&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Reprezinta amestecul in stare topita a metalelor cu scopul de a schimba:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- caracteristicele de prelucrare;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- caracteristicele de folosire;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- culoarea;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;- pretul.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Heinz Karl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/5083797679766830936/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/topirea-materialelor-pretioase.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/5083797679766830936'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/5083797679766830936'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/topirea-materialelor-pretioase.html' title='Topirea materialelor pretioase - generalitati'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkHvmYGWxZ4CuwFT5CLqDwhPUu1dLfEPwMpR0ckV6eQZ4RRf23CHgIBabr5vcGeg8XnMB-zq54NRcJHntdtUk-YfPVmfFnHDMqjwQ3j8lnEtyUGkjhpvOKoeKk2p-ZpB-EJN3NHjVRdN0/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-3410662833605195951</id><published>2012-07-15T12:59:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:59:45.995+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 10 - Topirea"/><title type='text'>Echipamente utilizate in procesul de topire</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;1. DOTARI, INSTALATII SI MASINI &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;a.)
PISTOLUL DE LIPIT SAU SALIMOUL: relevant la cantitati mici de topitura.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;b.) BRENERUL: flacara deschisa cu
gaz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- propan, butan, metan, acetilena;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- cu
surplus de aer - aer comprimat;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- oxigen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_BogTtVQf8I_WGJesozi2n737lGFDMUaL6VvcRWF2chI2qszok45RLbgJ4sbRv5a0DBQm5elt18zOrWPebdAH72ES2bPKQ0rRqXCbzAAbFOWsg6JBQc4JteOo4_f_ZWvzQX6j7o1eJJk/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;70&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_BogTtVQf8I_WGJesozi2n737lGFDMUaL6VvcRWF2chI2qszok45RLbgJ4sbRv5a0DBQm5elt18zOrWPebdAH72ES2bPKQ0rRqXCbzAAbFOWsg6JBQc4JteOo4_f_ZWvzQX6j7o1eJJk/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;c.) VATRA: astazi nu mai are
relevanta la productia de bijuterii, ea se utilizeaza in tarile mai putin
dezvoltate pentru topirea de omogenizare.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;d.)
CUPTORUL ELECTRIC: cu rezistente - pentru cantitati de pana
la 2 KG.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAWsnKe_X5g89R4kHI9y2B1wGt_rxEnd_30PK1gerGvqPrs3gkrDvjQHhnNc-3IxNw0MJ8_fD0yWsXFms611D5Q56idiW0_i7BigqlVz2xqqlUk6t0Ucf0okxDuiKBgQT6rBunAVCO400/s1600/2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAWsnKe_X5g89R4kHI9y2B1wGt_rxEnd_30PK1gerGvqPrs3gkrDvjQHhnNc-3IxNw0MJ8_fD0yWsXFms611D5Q56idiW0_i7BigqlVz2xqqlUk6t0Ucf0okxDuiKBgQT6rBunAVCO400/s200/2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;165&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;e.)
CUPTORUL CU GAZ: cu surplus de aer prin ventilator - pentru cantitati peste 2
KG.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEio01F7ZOIzZwV0lxnMqyVfkUw4Hiv9NoZpzuZqIHI_Mq2HGWhW2crT4DdeU7sdPEJGkHu0je_xE7XQTmeapsP5_KaAgF9rKpCIc8qb870SwF3BO79tljfELbTKvgzy_PlxrPfLevHWLhw/s1600/3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEio01F7ZOIzZwV0lxnMqyVfkUw4Hiv9NoZpzuZqIHI_Mq2HGWhW2crT4DdeU7sdPEJGkHu0je_xE7XQTmeapsP5_KaAgF9rKpCIc8qb870SwF3BO79tljfELbTKvgzy_PlxrPfLevHWLhw/s200/3.jpg&quot; width=&quot;191&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;f.)
MASINA DE TOPIT CU INDUCTIE: se foloseste astazi atat pentru productie cat si
pentru topiri de omogenizare.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0brd4T-OJbsV6io95UzSawMizVz9FL4evMUeZ7wOBTVNen0v5NJl3IxG8ZGm_5_YweuiuSGS4m61RlScviWS9paOnTmdy8sBApCzajBeoOjiyNSs64mVIlV3Ym49pvtsezygjKF8ZyMo/s1600/4.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;175&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0brd4T-OJbsV6io95UzSawMizVz9FL4evMUeZ7wOBTVNen0v5NJl3IxG8ZGm_5_YweuiuSGS4m61RlScviWS9paOnTmdy8sBApCzajBeoOjiyNSs64mVIlV3Ym49pvtsezygjKF8ZyMo/s200/4.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;2.
CREUZETE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- de diferite forme, marimi, cu
sau fara capace;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- din ceramica, pentru toate
aliajele de aur si argint;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- sunt
sensibile la socuri termice;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- din
grafit, pentru toate aliajele de aur si argint in afara de aur alb; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- din
amestec de grafit si ceramica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3FHhWSz5MX-fFxxQKeA8tYfGtxWReAHh4xN3K-nkpnaBOhUtGx6bjYO4SbEO2a83BY4FVvEuLwqg8I_1UNvwX-7oxeYrS1iyEbb3dPLbK0dYdp6LdXUb6EPrB3sHXZ4G5uKeUp03Tfy8/s1600/5.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3FHhWSz5MX-fFxxQKeA8tYfGtxWReAHh4xN3K-nkpnaBOhUtGx6bjYO4SbEO2a83BY4FVvEuLwqg8I_1UNvwX-7oxeYrS1iyEbb3dPLbK0dYdp6LdXUb6EPrB3sHXZ4G5uKeUp03Tfy8/s200/5.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;3. BAGHETE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- pentru amestecarea topiturii in
vederea omogenizarii sau a curatarii topiturii, care pot fi din:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- ceramica;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- grafit; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- cuart.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #cc0000;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;ATENTIE, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;nu folositi la amestecarea topiturii –
sarme de alama, sarme din otel sau electrozi deoarece materialul din aceste aliaje ajunge in topitura pe care o poate defecta!!!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLi6D4PAfKtrunCG6oz9NcWcqQZTYWSaeeN-xEpqK8RrW5crRNvbot1uwPMzt5TZKNhqDtawKwY3wp28gYVC0bv4hPjcrV-uZIBKIt_ETCbq_TBzDB89gvYBvUXBOk2QFThFct5uk0lgY/s1600/5.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;82&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLi6D4PAfKtrunCG6oz9NcWcqQZTYWSaeeN-xEpqK8RrW5crRNvbot1uwPMzt5TZKNhqDtawKwY3wp28gYVC0bv4hPjcrV-uZIBKIt_ETCbq_TBzDB89gvYBvUXBOk2QFThFct5uk0lgY/s200/5.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;4. CLESTI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- sunt, de obicei, clesti cu
brate lungi si falci special profilate pentru prinderea creuzetelor si
lingourilor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmmEaAnsvsRxOr8ash5bsyDg0DqmOaYg6So4TSlfv7kJhNZS-uPihs7VKff-kEvdcQTDh-gPoOXUUxP4JzKWzK6Wso_GCaWrSU3b8t-2HVCnqEvOpRuVlIb46pfKQ21ytidW4VsMqT4ys/s1600/6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;171&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmmEaAnsvsRxOr8ash5bsyDg0DqmOaYg6So4TSlfv7kJhNZS-uPihs7VKff-kEvdcQTDh-gPoOXUUxP4JzKWzK6Wso_GCaWrSU3b8t-2HVCnqEvOpRuVlIb46pfKQ21ytidW4VsMqT4ys/s200/6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;5. ECHIPAMENT DE PROTECTIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/u&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- manusi;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- ochelari;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- sort si pantofi;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- sistem de ventilatie.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitMXCVh2ZDnCLbbJYJJ97eEZ9l_40Tfc7CHQua1qo3Qa7PCvdJCcWB05L5Sh0v5ld2FIIWYxVGeSbpJHGYhyeXCuBlINHyCasddYM_4dYnjjgz5EI7c7XluOtEVGdEkW1QnYdd-Gks1wQ/s1600/6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;125&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitMXCVh2ZDnCLbbJYJJ97eEZ9l_40Tfc7CHQua1qo3Qa7PCvdJCcWB05L5Sh0v5ld2FIIWYxVGeSbpJHGYhyeXCuBlINHyCasddYM_4dYnjjgz5EI7c7XluOtEVGdEkW1QnYdd-Gks1wQ/s200/6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;6. PREPARATE&amp;nbsp; DE&amp;nbsp; TOPIRE:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;a.) REDUCTIBILE: &lt;span style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;boraxul si carbonatUL de
potasiu&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- pentru a dizolva oxizi
existenti;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- pentru a impiedica oxidarea la
procedura de topire.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;b.) &lt;span style=&quot;text-transform: uppercase;&quot;&gt;oxidante: nitrat de sodiu si nitrat
de potAsiu &lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- pentru imbunatatirea aliajului; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- oxidand componentele nedorite
in acesta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;c.) PREPARATE
SPECIALE&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- cu continut pentru ridicarea
punctului de evaporare;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- in diferite combinatii pentru
ridicarea eficientei.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;7. LINGOTIERE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- din fonta, otel sau
grafit&amp;nbsp; pentru:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- tabla;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- sarma;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- bara;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- lingou.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyAwIhTcrQ0WrO1YGkoAF0mFQ48wyq2-i704Jpcm3nD60NCie8uiE_f5P1WLnmogjxAHDWhcP5UuikdigmJoJYDrTwQTuSyHW4J3MjUHty6YATOJPvn00IWKjWgV8vP32zNGB5RkWjI4s/s1600/6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;137&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyAwIhTcrQ0WrO1YGkoAF0mFQ48wyq2-i704Jpcm3nD60NCie8uiE_f5P1WLnmogjxAHDWhcP5UuikdigmJoJYDrTwQTuSyHW4J3MjUHty6YATOJPvn00IWKjWgV8vP32zNGB5RkWjI4s/s200/6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Heinz Karl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/3410662833605195951/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/echipamente-utilizate-in-procesul-de_16.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3410662833605195951'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3410662833605195951'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/echipamente-utilizate-in-procesul-de_16.html' title='Echipamente utilizate in procesul de topire'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_BogTtVQf8I_WGJesozi2n737lGFDMUaL6VvcRWF2chI2qszok45RLbgJ4sbRv5a0DBQm5elt18zOrWPebdAH72ES2bPKQ0rRqXCbzAAbFOWsg6JBQc4JteOo4_f_ZWvzQX6j7o1eJJk/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-8626270435844869129</id><published>2012-07-14T12:58:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:57:08.081+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 10 - Topirea"/><title type='text'>Pregatirea procedurii de topire</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;1. PREGATIREA ECHIPAMENTELOR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;CREUZETULUI DIN CERAMICA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir25PvsoSTF9ZQTTOPAV0bTV1bAGMAsWCwgXp5ap3QfImuT4Pvr3myygzK2jo8RzmzHSWg97d28tc4xdpPkykBqCKdRjG_H4AruZK8SqjFV2QIkjSIil30Sk2NNOJutxyh9y_U2_XoamQ/s1600/1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;130&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir25PvsoSTF9ZQTTOPAV0bTV1bAGMAsWCwgXp5ap3QfImuT4Pvr3myygzK2jo8RzmzHSWg97d28tc4xdpPkykBqCKdRjG_H4AruZK8SqjFV2QIkjSIil30Sk2NNOJutxyh9y_U2_XoamQ/s200/1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;A. - verificati daca creuzetul
este intact:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- prin vizualizare - sa nu existe crapaturi;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- prin usoara lovire – sa nu zdrangane;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;B. - glazurati: - creuzetul din cereamica - prin incalzirea lenta pana la maxim 300-400°C si
presarare a suprafetei cu pulbere de borax;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;C. - intinderea boraxului topit pe toata suprafata interioara a creuzetului cu ajutorul&amp;nbsp;baghetei
de amestecat;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- glazurarea este necesara ca sa nu intre in structura de ceramica metalul
topit – pentru evitarea pierderilor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; CREUZETULUI DIN GRAFIT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieLS4CzIqg4ehqrDUI-GElEsRAYaHRD1pWyNowG9XiZKa6vGJiyOiFEXwegE7IhdgJpBWJ3-0UMV1V2AI-32Wm3Q6qw8UTMI_CXRc_MmE3D6jkXh3_OGtFxc7lyydeB5fQv16eo1UypGY/s1600/2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;122&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieLS4CzIqg4ehqrDUI-GElEsRAYaHRD1pWyNowG9XiZKa6vGJiyOiFEXwegE7IhdgJpBWJ3-0UMV1V2AI-32Wm3Q6qw8UTMI_CXRc_MmE3D6jkXh3_OGtFxc7lyydeB5fQv16eo1UypGY/s200/2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;A. - verificarea creuzetului (ca
si la cele din ceramica)&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;B. - glazurati gulerul si
interiorul creuzetului cu acid boric astfel:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- incalziti creuzetul in cuptor pana la 400°C, scoateti creuzetul cu clestele
de creuzet si presarati gulerul si interiorul creuzetului cu acid boric;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- introduceti creuzetul presarat din nou in cuptor pentru a se topi acidul
boric in intregime;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- scoateti creuzetul dupa cateva minute din cuptor si verificati daca suprafata
gulerului si a interiorului este complet glazurata, daca nu, repetati
presararea si reintroducerea in cuptor pana ce toata suprafata interioara si
gulerul sunt glazurate;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: red; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- glazurarea este necesara pentru
a lungi timpul de utilizare a creuzetului, deoarece grafitul se descompune la
temperaturi de peste 400°C la contactul cu oxigenul din aer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;2. PREGATIREA MATERIALULUI &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- verificarea materialului de
topit:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtokW7B5eM1NIeOPe1Ov3q2W5xnoZ_1vGBNgCM-Bw8wwMU8qMI_50Tiqn0IvwSD_O2XRumF3w8yJA40y8S8WuTuNVi5fJY0RroOqKeqZTdOMEh3HhfgOpQw0j3xgJTF1tDaUi0gIJrMjc/s1600/3.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;75&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtokW7B5eM1NIeOPe1Ov3q2W5xnoZ_1vGBNgCM-Bw8wwMU8qMI_50Tiqn0IvwSD_O2XRumF3w8yJA40y8S8WuTuNVi5fJY0RroOqKeqZTdOMEh3HhfgOpQw0j3xgJTF1tDaUi0gIJrMjc/s200/3.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- eliminarea impuritatilor de
cositor prin inlaturare mecanica sau chimica;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- eliminarea impuritatilor
organice prin ardere pe tava (incalzita de jos);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- eliminarea impuritatilor de
fier sau otel cu ajutorul magnetului – atentie la aliaje de aur alb cu continut
de nichel deoarece nichelul este magnetic!&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Heinz Karl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/8626270435844869129/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/pregatirea-procedurii-de-topire_16.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/8626270435844869129'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/8626270435844869129'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/pregatirea-procedurii-de-topire_16.html' title='Pregatirea procedurii de topire'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir25PvsoSTF9ZQTTOPAV0bTV1bAGMAsWCwgXp5ap3QfImuT4Pvr3myygzK2jo8RzmzHSWg97d28tc4xdpPkykBqCKdRjG_H4AruZK8SqjFV2QIkjSIil30Sk2NNOJutxyh9y_U2_XoamQ/s72-c/1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-3940426826059499499</id><published>2012-07-13T12:57:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:57:08.077+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 10 - Topirea"/><title type='text'>Topirea aliajelor de aur</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;CANTITATI
MICI&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt; se pot topi cu salimoul sau cu teava de suflat, pe carbune de lemn sau pe placa de lipit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;CU&amp;nbsp; BRENERUL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;-
marimea si genul diuzei se alege in functie de&amp;nbsp;marimea creuzetului;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- marimea creuzetului se alege in functie de cantitatea materialului de topit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;PROCEDURA DE LUCRU&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;a.) se introduce materialul de topit in creuzetul pregatit;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIAlpmpC6IvvVXdTHTe90B_sxT0HDgVSVIMTJ9lUWk2t0lRw8-3Zu23vqEAQ_bZUSjeV-X5ILtmMEaa95_I7v9nJP_TIpECBwhNWsyhDTKrqVb3n7MeL_5YoNGYD-IIoGCALkIAt9ZG1Q/s1600/6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;185&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIAlpmpC6IvvVXdTHTe90B_sxT0HDgVSVIMTJ9lUWk2t0lRw8-3Zu23vqEAQ_bZUSjeV-X5ILtmMEaa95_I7v9nJP_TIpECBwhNWsyhDTKrqVb3n7MeL_5YoNGYD-IIoGCALkIAt9ZG1Q/s200/6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;b.) se adauga preparate de topit in cantitatile corespunzatoare peste
material inainte de incalzire, iar daca nu este suficient se mai
poate aplica si peste materialul
incalzit;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;c.) urmeaza incalzirea potrivita cu brenerul&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;-
incalzire lenta, cu flacara moale pana se ajunge in apropierea punctului de
topire, apoi se intareste flacara, asa ajungand la topirea integrala si omogena a materialului;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- la
incalzirea prea rapida se produce improscarea - cantitati din material topit sar
din creuzet astfel se pot
produce pierderi importante de material!!!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;d.) turnarea
in lingotiera - aceasta trebuie
sa fie unsa cu grasime su cu grafit, iar apoi preincalzita&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;-
preincalzirea pentru aliajele de aur de culoare:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- galbene si rosii, temperatura mai mica (max. 90 - 100°C)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- albe, temperatura trebuie sa fie mai mare (300°C)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;IN CUPTOR ELECTRIC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Fata
de topirea cu flacara deschisa este mai avantajoasa deoarece&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- topitura fierbe integral;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- topitura se omogenizeaza mai
bine;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- temperatura topiturii este uniforma in toata masa topiturii;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- nu se produce oxidarea
adaosului de aliaj, deoarece topitura se afla in mediu inchis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Creuzetele
sunt, de obicei, din
grafit, trebuie sa fie la fel pregatite ca si cele din ceramica folosite la topirea cu flacara deschisa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PROCEDURA&amp;nbsp; DE LUCRU&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU_GuKeiKpmc_UkbzqIQxf4_UeDiAXCDqU50sp2qk8VNBww1mOooY0OZG9tQTtjO6BLAjace2If7eN0qKo7ht4JGNkfoWG190iinX1owsWEEkUiar5Wk3BigNxwrJEeeI0LFCtN-IOzXM/s1600/6.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU_GuKeiKpmc_UkbzqIQxf4_UeDiAXCDqU50sp2qk8VNBww1mOooY0OZG9tQTtjO6BLAjace2If7eN0qKo7ht4JGNkfoWG190iinX1owsWEEkUiar5Wk3BigNxwrJEeeI0LFCtN-IOzXM/s200/6.jpg&quot; width=&quot;147&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;a.) cuptorul se incalzeste pana la
700°C, fara creuzet!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;b.) in
cuptorul preincalzit se introduce creuzetul rece cu materialul pentru topit si se ridica temperatura indicata pe fisele tehnice
ale prealiajelor, iar in cazul in care se folosesc aliaje vechi temperatura
maxima pentru productie este de 980-
1050°C, iar pentru cazul topirilor de omogenizare 1050°. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;c.) la
atingerea temperaturii reglate se va
verifica oglinda &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- in cazul in care oglinda nu este limpede se
va adauga preparat de topire si se va
mesteca cu bagheta de amestecat si se va inchide capacul cuptorului, dupa
citeva momente se va verifica oglinda din nou; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- in cazul in care oglinda este
curata, se aplica introducerea de „MELTEX“ (preparat pentru omogenizare) peste topitura, se va amesteca cu
bagheta de amestecat urmand inchiderea capacului, iar dupa citeva minute - verificarea definitiva a
oglinzi si turnarea in lingotiera
pregatita.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;IN CUPTOR CU GAZ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; cu surplus de aer prin ventilator&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- creuzetele sunt din ceramica sau
din amestec special din grafit si
ceramica;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- se foloseste pentru cantitati de
peste 2 KG, pentru topiri de omogenizare si recuperare din deseuri;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;MASINA
DE TOPIT CU&amp;nbsp; INDUCTIE&lt;/u&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;se utilizeaza&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- la tehnologii moderne de
productie;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- la topirea de omogenizare.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;CARACTERISTICI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;a.) viteza de topire este foarte
rapida;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;b.) pentru a imbunatati structura cristalina, se suprapune frecventa de inductie cu
o alta frecventa de agitare a
topiturii care conduce la obtinerea unei structuri microcristaline, ca urmare a
diminuarii porozitatii materialului;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- capacitatea
acestor masini de topit este, in functie de utilizare, de la 100 gr pana la sute
de kg de topitura.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Heinz Karl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/3940426826059499499/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/topirea-aliajelor-de-aur.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3940426826059499499'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3940426826059499499'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/topirea-aliajelor-de-aur.html' title='Topirea aliajelor de aur'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIAlpmpC6IvvVXdTHTe90B_sxT0HDgVSVIMTJ9lUWk2t0lRw8-3Zu23vqEAQ_bZUSjeV-X5ILtmMEaa95_I7v9nJP_TIpECBwhNWsyhDTKrqVb3n7MeL_5YoNGYD-IIoGCALkIAt9ZG1Q/s72-c/6.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6859708600741789930.post-3773698640468994689</id><published>2012-07-12T12:56:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-08-31T14:57:08.075+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Atelier 10 - Topirea"/><title type='text'>Probleme intalnite in timpul procesului de topire</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;ALIAJE&amp;nbsp; DEFECTE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt; &lt;b&gt;(VICIATE)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt; sunt aliaje cu structuri macrocristaline care
se datoreaza:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;b&gt;UNOR PROPORTII DE ADAOS DE ALIAJ INCOMPATIBIL&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; (ADAOS INCOMPATIBIL&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; -
produce o structura macrocristalina, care, de obicei, se datoreaza amestecului de diferite aliaje colectate ale caror
componenta nu este cunoscuta si sunt nepotrivite intre ele).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;REMEDIEREA
DEFECTELOR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;-
se va adauga 0,5 % din greutatea aliajului cadmiu conform procedurii descrise mai sus;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- se va efectua o topire oxidanta la care
cadmiul va absorbe ceilalti oxizi metalici care vor fi eliminati totodata cu arderea oxidului
de cadmiu;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;ATENTIE&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; EMISII&amp;nbsp;
TOXICE !!!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;- fumul la arderea oxidului de
cadmiu este foarte toxic, de aceea trebuie lucrat sub hota de putere! Culoarea acestui fum este galben - portocaliu
- maroniu;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- se va efectua a doua topire care sa fie
reductibila.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;-
prin cantarire se poate determina o eventuala necesitate de a corecta aliajul
cu ceva adaos de argint si cupru.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;B. DEFECTE DATORATE PREZENTEI: Pb; St; Zn; Al&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; - structuri macrocristaline – material
casant;&lt;br /&gt;REMEDIEREA
DEFECTELOR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- cantarirea materialul de topit,
apoi se va umple un creuzet cu acest material de topit pana la maximum 1/3 dupa ce se va efectua topirea, iar cand
s-a ajuns la punctul de topire se va adauga salpetru in
cantitatea volumului topiturii, se va continua incalzirea la o
temperatura peste punctul de topire si aceasta pana topitura nu mai clocoteste la suprafata.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- se va turna totul pe o placa de otel si se va indeparta zgura, forjand la rece materialul,
faramitati bucatile de zgura, pentru
a nu pierde material dispensat in bilute mici in zgura! &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;color: #073763; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;- se va forja la rece „ regele“ la unul din capete pentru a
verifica daca este buna calitatea, iar daca acesta va crapa la forjare producand suprafete de rupere de culoarea maronie atunci trebuie repetata procedura pana ce reuseste
subtierea „regelui“ prin ciocanire apoi se va constata prin cantarire diferenta de greutate pentru care se va adauga Cu si Ag.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Heinz Karl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Maistru bijutier, Gemolog DgemG,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Expert in Diamante DgemG &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/feeds/3773698640468994689/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/probleme-intalnite-in-timpul-procesului.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3773698640468994689'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6859708600741789930/posts/default/3773698640468994689'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ipunctcom.blogspot.com/2012/07/probleme-intalnite-in-timpul-procesului.html' title='Probleme intalnite in timpul procesului de topire'/><author><name>Ipunct Com</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/10210660841279478367</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='15' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQT41UNDFE2IX4D3x65Boc-Hm3LuQcv5lozQGg0eV35A1u9G0mfstqsRkDUV7M6wGueHeFW46S4saukcti3q25fdOh61EUBJo3QtrjBmlq-Spm2-bTwPur6gMuhAYzdw/s220/images.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Drumul Ghindarilor, București, România</georss:featurename><georss:point>44.4049903 26.0028362</georss:point><georss:box>44.399318300000004 25.9929657 44.4106623 26.012706700000003</georss:box></entry></feed>