tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330Sun, 13 Sep 2026 17:59:15 +0000pedagogycurriculuminitial teacher educationlanguage educationAction ResearchBottom Up ReformCollaborative LearningELT in South AmericaEnglish language policyGrassroots TeachersSpanish cultureTBLTTeacher As ResearcherTeacher EmpowermentTeaching Difficultiesacademic achievementactive learningbilingualismclass observationcoachingcommunicative competenceconversational practicecurriculum developmentdignityeducationeducational policyequityethicsevidence-based educationfeedbackglobalizationinclusioninstructional designintegrating skillsinterventionlanguage acquisitionlanguage educatorlanguage learninglanguage skillslanguage teacher educationlanguage teachinglearninglearning Spanishmentoringmentoring and tutoringmonitoringmultilingual identitymultilingualismmultiskillpeer collaborationprofessional developmentquotationstrategiesstudent engagementstudent-centeredsyllabus designtask-based approachteacher educationteacher educatorteacher stabilityteacher-student relationshipsteachingThis is a corner for reflecting, studying, commenting, exchanging, and interacting on topics related to teaching and learning a foreign or second language.http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/noreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)Blogger81125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-8406296347218885417Fri, 16 Jan 2026 03:24:54 +00002026-01-18T13:03:07.625-05:00academic achievementeducational policyevidence-based educationmentoring and tutoringstudent engagementteacher stabilityteacher-student relationshipsTeacher–student relationships and student outcomes: A systematic second-order meta-analytic review.Many educational decisions are grounded in intuition, personal experience, and long-standing traditions. However, empirical research has consistently shown that seemingly self-evident assumptions are not always correct and that intuition alone is an unreliable guide for educational decision-making (http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2026/01/good-teaching-isnt-just-intuition-what.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-96225036974104394Sat, 03 Jan 2026 15:32:00 +00002026-01-18T13:05:51.075-05:00Action ResearchBottom Up ReformCollaborative LearningGrassroots TeachersTeacher As ResearcherTeacher EmpowermentTeaching DifficultiesRainey (2011) investigates the specific subjects chosen for action research by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers working in grassroots settings. By analysing published reports and survey data from potential researchers, the author discovers that most projects focus narrowly on teaching methodologies and student learning behaviours. While these efforts foster http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2026/01/grassroots-action-research-and-greater.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-7980221023659543180Sun, 16 Mar 2025 09:25:00 +00002026-01-18T13:07:02.990-05:00dignityequityethicsinclusionpedagogy Introduction          Training teachers in foreign language education must be a task with a clear commitment, not only pedagogical but also rooted in ethics. In my teaching practice as a professor of Foreign Language Didactics, I face a specific issue that compels me to regularly reflect on the integrity-driven values of my work. This essay argues http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2025/03/ethics-in-foreign-language-teacher.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-4193672653719796798Thu, 13 Mar 2025 23:10:00 +00002026-01-03T05:46:13.885-05:00interventionmultilingual identitymultilingualismteacher education        Morea & Fisher (2025) highlight the need for linguistically responsive teachers in multilingual classrooms. The authors argue that initial teacher education and training (ITET) should help future teachers recognise and value their multilingual identities. A quasi-experimental study with 37 pre-service teachers in England tested the impact of an online http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2025/03/multilingual-teachers-and-teachers-of.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-2623243238425508056Thu, 13 Mar 2025 00:06:00 +00002026-01-03T05:47:26.629-05:00        Johnson (2025) argues that relationships are the foundation of education, more so than student-centred approaches. It emphasises that positive relationships between teachers and students significantly improve student success, engagement, and emotional well-being. Research by Dr John Hattie and others supports the idea that students work harder for teachers http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2025/03/education-is-relationship-centered-not.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-7213991116736431928Mon, 04 Dec 2023 08:19:00 +00002026-01-18T13:09:12.521-05:00communicative competenceglobalizationintegrating skillslanguage skillslanguage teacher educationmultiskillquotationteacher educator"If the strands are not woven together effectively and well, the instructional loom will likely produce something small, weak, ragged, and pale and not recognisable as a tapestry at all " (Oxford, 2001).This quotation metaphorically underscores the importance of effective, well-integrated instructional strategies in the educational process. Comparing the process to a ​loom emphasises that if the http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2023/12/interpreting-quotations.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-5274222644014724267Sun, 03 Dec 2023 17:40:00 +00002026-01-03T05:52:20.594-05:00bilingualismconversational practicelanguage acquisitionlanguage educatorlanguage learninglearning SpanishpedagogySpanish cultureIn this post, language educator Scott Thornbury recounts his journey learning Spanish. He has a background in language acquisition and pedagogy. Yet, he still needs help becoming fluent. Though motivated, Thornbury needed help with aspects of vocabulary and pronunciation. He credits his success to practising conversations and immersing himself in Spanish culture. Thornbury makes the often http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2023/12/cranking-up-his-spanish.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-4768508521018730217Wed, 18 Oct 2023 05:17:00 +00002026-01-03T05:53:53.174-05:00class observationcoachingfeedbackmentoringmonitoringpeer collaborationprofessional developmentstrategiesSeveral strategies can be used to provide meaningful feedback and support to teachers based on their observations:Clear communication: Engage in open and transparent communication with teachers, clearly explaining the purpose and goals of the observation process. Set expectations and establish a collaborative approach to feedback and support.Focus on strengths and areas for improvement: Recognisehttp://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2023/10/strategies-for-providing-meaningful.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-2861485732691870285Sun, 15 Oct 2023 09:10:00 +00002026-01-03T05:54:55.277-05:00curriculumcurriculum developmentinitial teacher educationlanguage educationlanguage teachingCurriculum development in language teaching underpins effective language instruction by providing a coherent, research-informed structure for designing, implementing, and evaluating language programs. This essay reframes the core ideas of curriculum development within an academic register and grounds each assertion in recent scholarly literature.Curriculum development functions as the strategic http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2023/10/curriculum-development-in-language.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-5294786837154343186Mon, 02 Oct 2023 06:22:00 +00002026-01-18T13:11:30.482-05:00active learningcurriculumeducationinstructional designlearningpedagogystudent-centeredsyllabus designtask-based approachTBLTteaching        When using authentic language through meaningful tasks to develop fluency in the target language, teachers of EFL/ESL are often asked to build task syllabuses. In this light, task definition is relevant in syllabus design, classroom teaching, and learner assessment. It supports evident research agendas and has influenced educational policymaking in both EFL http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2023/10/applying-task-based-approach-to.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-8203043150943420889Sat, 11 Feb 2023 02:30:00 +00002026-01-18T13:12:51.392-05:00ELT in South AmericaEnglish language policyinitial teacher educationlanguage education        Benegas (2022) argues that "English language teaching in South America is usually absent in international publications or at least publications located in 'the centre'. Now and then, we may read articles or book chapters that are part of international perspectives volumes on a given aspect of ELT, authored by."        That is http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2023/02/benegas-2022-argues-that-english.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-8697263809400879236Mon, 09 Aug 2021 18:16:00 +00002026-01-03T05:58:33.208-05:00McAleavy et al. (2020) stated, "Online teaching should not try to mimic the entirely synchronous teacher-student engagement of the conventional school." Considering access to technology and teachers' digital literacy, and not assuming all students can access a desktop or laptop, some could access remote learning through a mobile phone or tablet. A structured approach is always better than using http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2021/08/remote-teaching-during-pandemic.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-3882427001080412974Wed, 02 Jun 2021 22:42:00 +00002026-01-03T06:00:15.450-05:00Let me tell you a bit about my teaching context. I teach English and French to undergraduate students in the Law and Politics science school at UNMSM and Didactics of EFL to teacher-students in the education school at UNE-EGyV in Lima, Peru.The number of students per class varies between 15 and 45. All of them are adults, aged 18 to 35. Their English level is elementary for EFL/FLE courses, and http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2021/06/questions-who-are-those-students-what.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-7969990888679893706Sun, 03 Jan 2021 19:41:00 +00002026-01-18T13:15:33.057-05:00Given by Victor Hugo Rojas B. at the 5th International Workshop on Foreign Languages, Communication and Culture (WEFLA 2006) in Holguín, Cuba.ABSTRACTAccording to Todd (n.d.), many EFL educators “believe that teaching is an intuitive art that can only be learned through practice and, thus, that theories are of no concern to the practising teacher”. Stubbs (1986; as cited in Todd, n.d.) argues http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2021/01/wefla-2006-cuba-workshop-using-case.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-7292003662638959142Wed, 20 Feb 2019 19:17:00 +00002026-01-18T13:17:19.798-05:00 PETsNet was launched in 2011 with high expectations, hopes, and prospects to support and empower English educators in creating an academic and social network. From the first, PETsNet is currently engaged in Language Teacher Education, Teacher Training, Professional Development, Personal Learning Network, and ICT in Education, and aims to inspire, innovate, empower, & transform http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2019/02/celebrating-our-eight-year-anniversary.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-2084212223540822179Sat, 06 Jan 2018 02:24:00 +00002026-01-03T06:06:20.167-05:00 This has been an endless polemical debate, the importance of which is evident in the Ministry of Education of Peru's (#MINEDU) mandatory participation. "Non-native grassroots SS teachers of EFL do not need to be reminded of the problems they have, or might eventually develop, with their English proficiency and fluency. They know what they are; they suffer acutely because of them. These http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2018/01/controversial-narrative.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-6263930226287064015Sun, 26 Nov 2017 02:18:00 +00002023-10-02T09:55:59.911-05:00 "If we keep telling them what the conclusion is, then... we are not allowing them to really create that mental representation of the language that is necessary for true acquisition of the language." (Harrell, 2016) Language teachers struggling with coordinators about engagement and rigour in their classrooms should read this interview: Rigor in the World Language Classroom - An Interview http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/11/rigor-in-world-language-classroom.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-4790474858195190485Mon, 24 Apr 2017 07:07:00 +00002023-10-02T09:56:44.132-05:00"Competencies include a dynamic combination of abilities, attitudes, and behaviours, as well as the knowledge fundamental to the use of a skill aligned to a learning outcome." Further reading at: A Principal's Reflections: Competencies vs. Skills: The 21st-century skills discussion and debate have waged on even before the onset of this century.  The ensuing conversations have providedhttp://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/04/a-principals-reflections-competencies.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-2828237136298945015Sat, 08 Apr 2017 08:13:00 +00002023-10-02T09:57:47.890-05:00"...these Englishes we are talking about here are not 'British English', or even 'American English'. The English spoken worldwide may be based on one or other variety, but they have developed their own vocabulary and grammar." (J. Setter, 2016) A World of Englishes: English: no longer an official EU language?: In the fallout from Brexit, it has been suggested that English could stop being the http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/04/a-world-of-englishes-english-no-longer.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-7062854398231986933Sat, 08 Apr 2017 07:58:00 +00002023-10-02T09:58:46.769-05:00"Lido is an Italian word which we have borrowed into English, as with so many other words which help us to express a multi-word concept ("out-door swimming pool", in this case) with one word. English is fine about borrowing other words as long as there is a gap to fill." (J. Setter, 2017) A World of Englishes: You say "lee-doh" I say "lye-doh." ...: When I was a child, visiting Margate Lido was http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/04/a-world-of-englishes-you-say-lee-doh-i.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-1168744735587977120Tue, 04 Apr 2017 09:12:00 +00002026-01-03T06:08:10.332-05:00 Empowering teachers through continued professional development: frameworks, practices, and promises The notion that language teachers need ongoing professional development opportunities is a harmless platitude. Yet, as the field stands now, most of our colleagues must be provided with such opportunities as part of their jobs. How do we hear so many fantastic tales of exploration and discovery? http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/04/opening-plenary-by-gabriel-diaz-maggioli.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-5381423900282066623Tue, 04 Apr 2017 09:02:00 +00002026-01-18T13:18:37.625-05:00I have just been added to the list of Registered Bloggers for IATEFL Online Glasgow 2017. I am so excited to report this Annual IATEFL Conference for you all, colleagues from Peru and abroad.The 51st IATEFL Annual Conference just started, and the online coverage is already streaming. It is an excellent opportunity for teacher audiences worldwide to share ideas with colleagues before, http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/04/blogging-for-iateflonline-glasgow-2017.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-127640437753967179Mon, 27 Feb 2017 14:58:00 +00002023-10-02T10:02:34.964-05:00Must-read post by Leo Selivan. Lexicon: Trendy terms, tantalizing techniques and talented ...: A report from the 24th TESOL Macedonia-Thrace convention, which took place in Thessaloniki on 11-12 February. Earlier this month, I had ...http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/02/leoxicon-trendy-terms-tantalizing.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-6821661524065353535Sat, 18 Feb 2017 09:36:00 +00002026-01-03T03:17:58.941-05:00Similar to the Peruvian Ministry of Education's proposal.Davies (1995) stated about native teachers that "the native speaker is a fine myth: we need it as a model, a goal, almost an inspiration. But it is useless as a measure" (p. 157)."Good English pronunciation does not mean using a British or American accent; if a teacher is Peruvian, a Peruvian accent is perfectly acceptable as long as the http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/02/profesores-extranjeros-impartiran.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6922883629592485330.post-5418555054093601331Mon, 13 Feb 2017 17:37:00 +00002026-01-03T03:14:46.089-05:00Since this article was published (29/01/16), has the Ministry of Education (MINEDU) remained committed to achieving national bilingualism by 2021? It is "vox populi" that the #MINEDU has signed agreements with the UK and US governments to train Peruvian teachers abroad and run ELT training schools in Peru. However, English teachers express continuing concern: why would they be taught in any http://victorhugor.blogspot.com/2017/02/peru-commits-to-bilingualism-with-new.htmlnoreply@blogger.com (Victor Hugo Rojas B.)0