IWS Documented News INTERNATIONAL

[IWS] DAILY POSTINGS - NO MESSAGES until 18 DECEMBER 2009

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 20:44:00 +0000

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

NO MESSAGES will be sent until 18 December 2009.

________________________________________________________________________

This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service.

****************************************
Stuart Basefsky
Director, IWS News Bureau
Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell/ILR School
16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10016

Telephone: (607) 255-2703
Fax: (607) 255-9641
E-mail: smb6@cornell.edu
****************************************

[IWS] CECC: CHINA HUMAN RIGHTS & RULE OF LAW UPDATE, No. 6--9 December 2009

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:35:00 +0000

United States Congressional-Executive Commission on China (CECC)

China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update

No. 6—December 9, 2009

http://www.cecc.gov/pages/general/newsletters/CECCnewsletter20091209.pdf
[full-text, 3 pages with links to activate additional web pages]

In This Issue

CECC Updates

• Authorities Raid Unregistered Church in Shanxi, Beat and Detain Leaders

• Jiangsu Court Sentences Guo Quan to 10 Years for Organizing Political Party

• Chinese Activist Feng Zhenghu Living at Narita Airport, Blocked by Chinese Authorities From Returning Home

• Chinese Authorities Block Chinese Citizen Li Jianhong From Returning to China

• Authorities Execute 9 After Trials in Xinjiang Marked by Due Process Violations

• Party Official Adds More Preconditions Before Dalai Lama Dialogue Can Resume

• Lead Poisoning Incident in Shaanxi Leads to Protests, Rights Infringements Reported

• China Requires Real Names, Identification Numbers To Post Comments Online

• Ministry of Public Security Cracks Down on Abduction and Sale of Women and Children

• Xinjiang Government Issues Internet Regulation, Keeps Strict Controls on Information

• Top Official Emphasizes Party's Dominance Over Media on Journalists' Day

• Three Provinces Issue New or Amended Regulations on Religion

• Chinese Professor Sues Customs Officials for Confiscating Books at Border

• The U.S. and China held the 20th Meeting of the JCCT in Hangzhou, China

________________________________________________________________________

2009 Catalyst Census: FORTUNE 500 WOMEN EXECUTIVE OFFICERS & TOP EARNERS [9 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 15:42:00 +0000

Catalyst: Expanding Opportunities for Women & Business

2009 Catalyst Census: Fortune 500 Women Executive Officers and Top Earners [9 December 2009]

http://catalyst.org/publication/358/2009-catalyst-census-fortune-500-women-executive-officers-and-top-earners

or
http://catalyst.org/file/321/2009_fortune_500_census_women_executive_officers_and_top_earners.pdf

[full-text, 1 page]

The 2009 Catalyst Census: Fortune 500 Women Executive Officers and Top Earners details women’s representation in senior leadership positions at the largest companies in the United States. For the first time, Catalyst focused on Executive Officers, a segment of the Corporate Officer population as defined in previous Catalyst Census reports. This population change precludes data comparisons to previous annual Corporate Officer Catalyst Census reports. This report provides critical statistics to gauge women’s advancement and highlights the gender diversity gap. Catalyst measured women’s share of Executive Officer positions and of top earner positions and the percent of companies having zero to three or more women Executive Officers. The appendices show additional points of comparison by Fortune Rank, Region, and Industry, and list companies with the highest and lowest representation of women Executive Officers.

Findings: In 2009, women held 13.5 percent of Executive Officer positions at Fortune 500 companies. Executive Officer compensation remains a visible indicator of women’s status in corporations, with women holding 6.3 percent of top earner positions. Less than one-fifth of companies have three or more women Executive Officers, and almost one-third of companies have none.

See PRESS RELEASE 9 December 2009

2009 Catalyst Census of the Fortune 500 Reveals Women Missing From Critical Business Leadership

Corporate Boards and Top Executive Offices Fail to Mirror Marketplace and Talent Pool

http://catalyst.org/press-release/161/2009-catalyst-census-of-the-fortune-500-reveals-women-missing-from-critical-business-leadership

________________________________________________________________________

2009 Catalyst Census: FORTUNE 500 WOMEN BOARD DIRECTORS [9 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 15:35:00 +0000

Catalyst: Expanding Opportunities for Women & Business

2009 Catalyst Census: Fortune 500 Women Board Directors [9 December 2009]

http://catalyst.org/publication/357/2009-catalyst-census-fortune-500-women-board-directors

http://catalyst.org/file/320/2009_fortune_500_census_women_board_directors.pdf
[full-text, 2 pages]

The 2009 Catalyst Census: Fortune 500 Women Board Directors details women’s representation in corporate governance at the largest companies in the United States. For the first time, Catalyst expanded analysis to include lead directors and board chairs to gain a more robust measurement of women’s power on boards. This annual report provides critical statistics to gauge women’s advancement and highlights the gender diversity gap. Each year Catalyst tracks women’s share of all board seats and of positions of board leadership; the representation of women of color directors; and the percent of companies having zero to three or more women and women of color directors. The appendices show additional points of comparison by Fortune Rank, Region, and Industry, and list companies with the highest and lowest representation of women board directors.

Findings: In 2009, women held 15.2 percent of board seats at Fortune 500 companies, the same as 2008. In both 2008 and 2009, almost 90 percent of companies had at least one women director, but less than 20 percent had three or more women serving together. Similar to 2008, women of color held 3.1 percent of all board seats and represented about one-fifth of all women directors. In both 2008 and 2009, more than one-fourth of companies had one women of color director, but no company had three or more women of color directors serving together.

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[IWS] OECD: HEALTH AT A GLANCE 2009 [8 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 15:56:00 +0000

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)

HEALTH AT A GLANCE 2009 [8 December 2009]
http://www.oecd.org/document/11/0,3343,en_2649_33929_16502667_1_1_1_37407,00.html
or
http://www.oecd.org/health/healthataglance

This fifth edition of Health at a Glance provides the latest comparable data on different aspects of the performance of health systems in OECD countries. It provides striking evidence of large variations across countries in the costs, activities and results of health systems. Key indicators provide information on health status, the determinants of health, health care activities and health expenditure and financing in OECD countries. This edition also contains new chapters on the health workforce and on access to care, an important policy objective in all OECD countries. The chapter on quality of care has been extended to include a set of indicators on the quality of care for chronic conditions.

Press Release 8 December 2009
Expensive health care is not always the best health care, says OECD’s Health at a Glance
http://www.oecd.org/document/14/0,3343,en_2649_34487_44216846_1_1_1_1,00.html

08/12/09 - New internationally comparable indicators on quality of care show progress in treating serious conditions such as cancer. However, despite increasing rates of chronic diseases such as asthma and diabetes, care for these conditions falls short of good practices in too many countries, resulting in deteriorating health and higher medical costs.

The United States and Canada have good cancer care, screening more people than most other countries and saving the lives of a greater number of cancer patients. Japan also has higher survival rates for people with cancer than most countries. The Netherlands, Italy, Switzerland and Germany provide good primary care, reducing costly hospital treatment for chronic conditions such as asthma or diabetes. But no one OECD country provides high quality care in all areas.

“There are opportunities for all countries to improve the performance of their health care system, and making such improvements does not necessarily require higher spending”, OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurria said.

Health at a Glance 2009 also looks at acute care for life-threatening conditions such as heart attack and stroke, showing that less than 5% of people hospitalised after a heart attack die within 30 days of being admitted to hospital. Iceland, Denmark, Sweden and Norway do best, with death rates of only around 3%. Health care is improving at an astonishing speed in some areas: over the past 5 years, for example, many more people are surviving after a stroke.

Large variations in health spending

Health at a Glance 2009 shows that the United States spends more on health - 7290 USD per capita in 2007 - than any other country. This is almost two and a half times greater than the OECD average of 2984 USD, adjusted for purchasing power parity. Luxembourg, Norway and Switzerland also spend far more than the OECD average. At the other end of the scale, in Turkey and Mexico health expenditure was less than one-third the OECD average.

AND MUCH MORE….

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] RAND: COMPENDUM of SEXUAL ASSAULT RESEARCH [7 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 15:38:00 +0000

RAND

A Compendium of Sexual Assault Research [7 December 2009]
By: Margaret C. Harrell, Laura Werber Castaneda, Marisa Adelson, Sarah Gaillot, Charlotte Lynch, Amanda Pomeroy
http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR617/
or
http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/2009/RAND_TR617.pdf
[full-text,318 pages]
or
Summary
http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/2009/RAND_TR617.sum.pdf
[full-text, 8 pages]

Recognition of the prevalence and pernicious effects of sexual assault, and especially of acquaintance rape, has increased dramatically since the early 1990s. During this time, a large volume of research has enhanced understanding of the problem. This volume summarizes recent studies on sexual assault that the authors deem useful and relevant to the U.S. Department of Defense and other policymakers interested in sexual assault issues. The authors provide a brief overview of the prevalence and effects of sexual assault, and of important events and laws pertaining to sexual assault in both the civilian and military sectors. They then discuss the research that has been conducted on ten aspects of sexual assault, including its prevalence, victim and perpetrator characteristics and risk factors, prevention, recovery and coping, and the responses of the health care, law enforcement, and criminal justice systems. Finally, in this compendium's annotated bibliography, the authors summarize more than 450 studies of sexual assault, tailoring their descriptions of research from a variety of fields for an audience of policymakers and informed lay readers.

Contents

Section One:

Introduction

Section Two:

Victim Risk Factors

Section Three:

Perpetrator Risk Factors

Section Four:

Alcohol

Section Five:

Context and Prevention of Sexual Assault

Section Six:

Recovery and Coping

Section Seven:

Sexual Assault Disclosure

Section Eight:

Health Care Programs and Services

Section Nine:

Victim Advocacy Programs and Services

Section Ten:

Investigative and Legal Processes

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] 2ND Edition: PUT TO WORK: THE WPA AND PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT IN THE GREAT DEPRESSION

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 15:22:00 +0000

Monthly Review Press

Put To Work: The WPA and Public Employment in the Great Depression

Second Edition

Including a New Introduction and Afterword

by Nancy E. Rose

http://monthlyreview.org/books/puttowork.php

ISBN: 978-1-58367-206-8

$14.95 paperback

160 pp.

October 2009

Overview:

With unemployment surging to record levels and the economy in freefall, experts are looking to the Great Depression for lessons in stimulating job creation. Then, as now, the system was unable to provide the jobs and financial support desperately needed by millions of people. But then—in the 1930s—the state intervened to create massive employment programs that put people to work on socially useful projects in states, cities, and towns across the country. The scope of these programs was unprecedented and never repeated in the decades that followed. Today, as the severity of the economic crisis increasingly resembles that of the Great Depression, the time for a reappraisal of the New Deal employment programs has never been more necessary.

Put To Work tells the story of the massive government job-creation programs of the 1930s—not only the Works Progress Administration (WPA), but also the lesser known Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) and Civil Works Administration (CWA), which set the framework for the ideological and policy battles that followed. Nancy E. Rose details the development of these programs, the pressures that surrounded them, and the resulting constraints. She analyzes both their unique contributions and their shortcomings, especially in their treatment of women and African-Americans. In the process, she carefully reevaluates the charges that these were inefficient “make-work” programs, or “boondoggles,” charges that continue to characterize job-creation programs to this day.

In her new introduction, Rose places the Obama administration’s economic stimulus package in historical perspective as part of this tradition of government job creation programs. In her new Conclusion, she explores lessons from the New Deal work programs for the current era.

Author:

Nancy E. Rose is professor and chair of economics at California State University, San Bernardino. She is the author of Workfare or Fair Work: Women, Welfare, and Government Work Programs, as well as articles about government welfare and work program policy and history. Her recent work has focused on radical pedagogy and on families with lesbian, gay, and bisexual parents.

Reviews:

“This is a must read for anyone concerned about today’s mass unemployment and the chronic unemployment that persists between recessions. Rose carefully describes, analyzes, and evaluates the New Deal job programs—their shortcomings and contradictions as well as their very great accomplishments. Government job creation, says Rose, can be used to alleviate unemployment in our time and can simultaneously enhance our living standards by providing much-needed human services as well as physical infrastructure. She provides useful guidelines that can help us avoid the weaknesses and build on the strength of these past programs.”

—Helen Lachs Ginsburg, Professor Emerita of Economics, Brooklyn College, City University of New York; co-founder of the National Jobs for All Coalition and co-chair of the Columbia University Seminar on Full Employment, Social Welfare and Equity

“Illuminating to scholars, students, the general public, and feminist and civil rights advocates, Put to Work stands out among Depression-era studies for its vivid descriptions and comparisons of all three major New Deal work programs: the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA), the Civil Works Administration (CWA), and the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Rose pulls no punches about the racism and sexism of all three and the inefficiency arising from the very mandate to use rather than save labor. Yet, in telling the other side of the story—their myriad contributions to our physical, cultural, and human resources—Rose leads us to regret that government work programs have never become permanent supplements to a private enterprise system incapable of employing all who want to work.”

—Gertrude Schaffner Goldberg, Professor of Social Policy and Director of the Ph.D. Program, Adelphi University School of Social Work; Chair, National Jobs for All Coalition

“In the midst of the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression, this new edition of Nancy Rose’s classic study of New Deal-era jobs programs is exactly right on time. Put to Work is not history for history’s sake; the author’s critical evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the WPA and other relief programs of the 1930s gleans crucial lessons for public policy today. Rose’s well-written and carefully researched monograph demonstrates that there is no single policy with more potential social and economic benefits than direct job creation.”

—Mathew Forstater, Professor of Economics and Black Studies, University of Missouri, Kansas City

“Even as our current economic recession has catalyzed renewed attention to the lessons of the Great Depression, there is one set of lessons that seems to have escaped our current policy makers—those are the lessons described in Rose’s Put to Work. Government as the engine of direct job creation was—and still can be—a force for tremendous good. The ingenuity and creativity that resulted from the New Deal jobs programs left this country with a rich legacy of long-lasting cultural, artistic, and infrastructural artifacts even as they gave hope, purpose, needed goods and incomes to millions. This is a must read for anyone concerned about our current economic plight!”

—Sheila D. Collins, Professor of Political Science, William Paterson University; co-founder, National Jobs for All Coalition

Praise for the First Edition

“Rose offers an important perspective on how past nation-saving programs can be useful in solving current unemployment and homeless problems.”

—Publishers Weekly

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] New! THE TAMING OF THE AMERICAN CROWD: FROM STAMP RIOTS TO SHOPPING SPREES

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 15:14:00 +0000

Monthly Review Press

The Taming of the American Crowd: From Stamp Riots to Shopping Sprees
by Al Sandine
http://monthlyreview.org/books/tamingthecrowd.php

ISBN: 978-1-58367-197-9

$18.95 paperback

240 pp.

November 2009

Overview:

The history of the United States has been largely shaped, for better or for worse, by the actions of large groups of people. Rioters on a village green, shoppers lurching about a labyrinthine mall, slaves packed into the dark hold of a ship, strikers assembling outside the factory gates, all have their place in the rich and sometimes tragic history of the American crowd. This unique study traces that history from the days of anti-colonial revolt to today’s passive, ‘colonized crowds’ that fill our sports arenas, commercial centers, and workplaces. In clear and lively prose, Al Sandine argues for the progressive role crowds have played in securing greater democracy, civil rights, and free speech. But he also investigates crowds in their more dangerous forms, such as lynch mobs and anti-immigrant riots.

The Taming of the American Crowd explains how the crowd as an active subject of change—often positive, sometimes not—has been replaced by the passive crowd as object of control and regulation. Today, the imperatives of mass society organize people in large numbers to consume goods and conform to permissible behavioral patterns; not to openly contest power. But, with the world entering a new period of economic uncertainty and mass protests erupting across the globe, it is time to reverse that trend. This book shows us the history of the untamed crowd and urges us to reclaim its legacy.

Author:

Al Sandine has been a mill worker, freeway landscape groomer, claims examiner, free-clinic counselor, information officer, arbitrator, and insurance auditor, among other things. Now retired, he makes his home in the San Francisco Bay Area, where he remains politically active, paints, and pursues the kind of research and writing that produced this book. He is also the author of Plundertown, USA: Coos Bay Enters the Global Economy.

Reviews:

“The Taming of the American Crowd offers a unique blend of popular culture and working class history—written with great flair. Sandine is one of the few scholars reckless and ambitious enough to take on a wide-ranging subject without sacrificing analytical rigor. If you’ve ever participated in a demonstration, gone crazy in the bleachers, or danced all night, you’ll love this book.”

—Barbara Ehrenreich

“Sandine has given us a timely and indispensable book. The Taming of the American Crowd is not only a spirited tour through centuries of crowd action and crowd control but a searching meditation on today’s consumer-crazy, politically passive Americans, who have squandered the power of the assembled populace to address enormous inequalities in power and wealth and to serve as an instrument for protest and change.”

—Gary B. Nash

UCLA, director of the National Center for History in the Schools

past president of the Organization of American Historians

“Riots and mobs, celebrations and demonstrations! An entertaining journey into American history that also manages to illuminate the soul of the country, its need for social protest and community as an antidote to despair and the key to a less predatory future.”

—Ariel Dorfman

novelist, playwright, essayist

professor of literature and Latin American Studies, Duke University

“Al Sandine traces the rambunctious history of American crowds in a lively and erudite narrative that celebrates their power as a political tool of the masses. He issues a timely warning about the importance of the right of assembly and the simple fact that despite their advantages, online social media lack the political punch of people in the streets.”

—Linda Lumsden

assistant professor of journalism, University of Arizona

“Building on the tradition of European social historians E. P. Thompson, Eric Hobsbawm, and George Rude, Al Sandine, in this well-written and provocatively argued book, brings the crowd back to the center of U.S. historical and social analysis. In-so-doing, he makes innovative contributions to social movement analysis, and to urban and consumer sociology.”

—E. Kay Trimberger

visiting scholar at The Institute For The Study of Social Change at the University of California, Berkeley; author of The New Single Woman

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] EEOC: GENETIC INFORMATION DISCRIMINATION (Compliance Information in Employment)

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 14:31:00 +0000

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Genetic Information Discrimination

http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/genetic.cfm

Title II of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008, which prohibits genetic information discrimination in employment, took effect on November 21, 2009.

On this page you will find guidance for compliance.

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] MANPOWER EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK SURVEY [8 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 14:09:00 +0000

MANPOWER EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK SURVEY

http://www.us.manpower.com/meos

Survey Results for the UNITED STATES

http://manpower.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=44

http://manpower.mediaroom.com/file.php/264/Q110+MEOS+Research+Report.pdf

[full-text, 12 pages]

Survey Results for the 201 Surveyed MSAs

http://manpower-employmentreports.mediaroom.com/

Global Survey Results for 35 COUNTRIES

http://www.manpower.com/press/meos.cfm

Press Release 8 December 2009

Employers Plan to Increase Staff Levels in First Quarter, According to the Manpower Employment Outlook Survey

A Positive Bounce in Hiring Expected, Record Number Expect No Change

http://manpower.mediaroom.com/file.php/263/Q110+MEOS+Press+Release.pdf

MILWAUKEE, Dec 08, 2009 /PRNewswire-FirstCall via COMTEX News Network/ -- U.S. employers anticipate a moderate increase in their hiring plans for Quarter 1 2010, according to the seasonally adjusted results of the latest Manpower Employment Outlook Survey, conducted quarterly by Manpower Inc.

"There is still a lot of ground to make up in the labor market, but the overall increase in hiring intentions is clearly a positive," said Manpower Inc. Chairman and CEO Jeff Joerres. "The first quarter is a seasonally slow hiring quarter. To see an increase over the fourth quarter is unusual and seems to indicate increased confidence levels from employers."

Of the more than 28,000 employers surveyed, 12% percent anticipate an increase in staff levels in their Quarter 1 2010 hiring plans, while 12% expect a decrease in payrolls, resulting in a Net Employment Outlook of 0%. When seasonally adjusted, the Net Employment Outlook becomes +6%. Seventy-three percent of employers expect no change in their hiring plans, the highest in the survey's history. The final 3% of employers indicate they are undecided about their hiring intentions.

"The data points to encouraging news. A record number of employers plan to keep staff levels stable, which is good for the employed, and an overall positive Outlook means expanding opportunities for job seekers," said Jonas Prising, Manpower president of the Americas. "Employer uncertainty around hiring is shifting from whether to consider adding staff, to when - and at what rate - to make the investment."

The national survey data shows employers in Mining, Durable Goods Manufacturing, Information and Government expect hiring to moderately increase in Quarter 1 2010, while slight increases are expected among employers in Nondurable Goods Manufacturing, Transportation & Utilities, Professional & Business Services, Education & Health Services, Leisure & Hospitality and Other Services. Employers in two industry sectors, Construction and Wholesale & Retail Trade, anticipate a slight decrease in hiring levels. Financial Activities employers intend to maintain relatively stable staff levels.

When compared to a year ago, employers in the West are the most confident, but all of the survey regions have weaker year-over-year employment outlooks. Using the seasonally adjusted data, all regions anticipate moderate quarter-over-quarter increases in staff levels, with employer confidence highest in the South and Midwest.

About the Survey

Employment services company Manpower Inc. releases the Manpower Employment Outlook Survey quarterly to measure employers' intentions to increase or decrease the number of employees in their workforce during the next quarter. It is the only forward-looking survey of its kind, unparalleled in size, scope, longevity and area of focus.

The Manpower Employment Outlook Survey's United States results are based on interviews with more than 28,000 employers located within 200 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), as defined by the federal government, and one MSA in Puerto Rico. The mix of U.S. industries within the survey follows the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Supersectors and is structured to be representative of the U.S. economy. The national survey carries a margin of error of +/- .49%.

The complete results and visuals from the U.S. national Manpower Employment Outlook Survey are available for download at http://www.us.manpower.com/meos, where you will also find the survey results for the 201 MSAs.

SOURCE Manpower

http://www.us.manpower.com

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] Census: 2008 NORTH AMERICAN TRANSPORTATION IN FIGURES [7 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 13:55:00 +0000

Census

2008 North American Transportation in Figures [7 December 2009]
http://nats.sct.gob.mx/nats/
or
http://nats.sct.gob.mx/nats/sys/index.jsp?i=3
[English link]

This report provides a comprehensive overview of transportation statistics in the United States, Mexico and Canada. Each language edition — English, Spanish and French — contains more than 30 data tables. Statistics include modes of transportation, fuel consumption, number of passengers, fatalities and more

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] WEF: [CORRUPTION] RAISING OUR GAME: NEXT STEPS FOR BUSINESS, GOVERNMENT & CIVIL SOCIETY TO FIGHT CORRUPTION [8 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 13:48:00 +0000

World Economic Forum [WEF]

Global Agenda Council on Corruption

Raising Our Game: Next Steps for Business, Government and Civil Society to Fight Corruption [8 December 2009]

http://email.weforum.org/HS?a=DNX7CqEnH0RR8SA9MKIrJZTnGHxKPlpwlg2J

[full-text, 50 pages]

[excerpt]

Recommendations of Report:

• For Businesses – empower ethics officers to prevent bribery through anti-corruption programmes, such as the Partnering Against Corruption Initiative (PACI)

• For Governments – create a level playing field by ratifying and fully implementing the United Nations Convention Against Corruption into national law

• For Civil Society – strengthen its “watchdog” role to promote ethical practices with business and government

Description of the issue

Corruption, the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, is the single greatest

obstacle to economic and social development around the world. It distorts

markets, stifles economic growth and sustainable development, debases

democracy and undermines the rule of law. It robs local populations, particularly in

developing countries, of critically needed resources. Estimates show that the cost

of corruption equals more than 5% of global GDP (US$ 2.6 trillion) with over US$

1 trillion paid in bribes each year. Because of corrupt practices, half of each year’s

US$ 50 billion in development aid does not reach its intended recipients.

Contents

1. Introduction

A brief introduction to the Global Agenda Council on Corruption

Introductory remarks

By Cobus de Swardt and Mark Pieth

Today’s international anti-corruption governance landscape: its nature and where it should be heading

By Tareq Bouchuiguir and Michael Pedersen

2. Recommendations to Business

In the face of corruption: do the right thing

By Alan Boeckmann

How companies can best empower a chief ethics and compliance officer in preventing, detecting

and sanctioning corruption

By Keith T. Darcy

A culture of ethics is key to an effective anti-corruption programme

By David T. Seaton

How business organizations can best encourage and support companies in fighting corruption

By François Vincke

3. Recommendations to Governments

Transnational corruption threatens global security

By Robert I. Rotberg

Using private actions to fight corruption

By William T. Loris

Parliamentary oversight of the electoral process; political campaign financing; who can mind the

store?

By John G. Williams

What can the OECD Anti-Corruption Convention contribute to reducing commercial corruption?

By Mark Pieth

INTERPOL calls on the business community to support the world’s first International Anti-

Corruption Academy

By Ronald K. Noble

4. Recommendations to Civil Society

How civil society can best recognize public and private sector players that demonstrate leadership in fighting corruption

By Cobus de Swardt and Peter Eigen

5. Recommendations on Multistakeholder Partnerships

Public-private partnerships against corruption: a solid foundation for success

By Dimitri Vlassis

Businesses and multilateral development banks – a key partnership in the fight against corruption

By Ngozi N. Okonjo-Iweala

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] GAO: U.S. LABOR FORCE STATISTICS: Illustrative Simulations of the Likely Effects of Underrepresenting Unauthorized Residents. GAO-10-99, November 30. [online 7 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Mon, 07 Dec 2009 20:11:00 +0000

Government Accountability Office (GAO)

U.S. Labor Force Statistics: Illustrative Simulations of the Likely Effects of Underrepresenting Unauthorized Residents. GAO-10-99, November 30.
http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-10-99
[full-text, 61 pages]

[excerpt]

In times of economic uncertainty as well as in times of stability, policymakers and the public rely on labor force statistics, such as the unemployment rate, to provide important information on the current state of the economy. These statistics, published by the Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), include key figures that are based on data obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS). The CPS, a household interview survey administered by the Department of Commerce’s U.S. Census Bureau, is designed to represent the entire United States civilian noninstitutional population. However, certain U.S. residents—specifically, foreign-born persons who are not authorized to live here, to whom we refer as unauthorized residents in this report—may not be represented in CPS data to the same extent as the general population. Little research has been done on whether potential underrepresentation of the unauthorized population might noticeably affect labor statistics, but policy efforts that depend on valid and reliable labor force statistics would benefit from such information.

We agreed with your office to examine issues concerning unauthorized residents’ impact on labor force statistics. We addressed the following key questions:

1. Extent of underrepresentation: What is known about the extent of any underrepresentation of unauthorized residents in CPS data used to compile labor force statistics?

2. Labor force status: What is known about the likely labor force status of unauthorized residents?

3. Possible effects: How might CPS underrepresen

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION OF THE U.S. 2007 & 2008 [7 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Mon, 07 Dec 2009 20:00:00 +0000

Census

The Foreign-Born Population of the United States: 2007 and 2008 [7 December 2009]
2007
http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/foreign/cps2007.html
2008
http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/foreign/cps2008.html

National-level tabulations from the Current Population Survey on this population group are shown by a wide range of characteristics including education, marital status, employment status, occupation and industry, earnings and poverty, and household type and tenure. Unique to this data set are tables that show the foreign-born population by these characteristics crossed by generation status (i.e., first, second or third).

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] Census: THE FOREIGN-BORN LABOR FORCE IN THE U.S. 2007 [7 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Mon, 07 Dec 2009 19:05:00 +0000

Census Bureau

American Community Survey Reports

The Foreign-Born Labor Force in the United States: 2007 [7 December 2009]
http://www.census.gov/prod/2009pubs/acs-10.pdf
[full-text, 15 pages]

[excerpt]

Today, there are greater numbers of foreign-born workers in the United States than ever before—23.9 million in 2007.4 They represented about 16 percent of the total labor force—lower than the equivalent proportion at the turn of the last century, but still a notable part of the U.S. economy.

This report uses data from the 2007 American Community Survey to describe the foreign-born labor force in the United States. It focuses on the civilian labor force, which included more than 99 percent of both foreign-born and native-born workers.

AND MUCH MORE…including TABLES….

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] GREEN TEAMS: ENGAGING EMPLOYEES IN SUSTAINABILITY [7 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Mon, 07 Dec 2009 13:49:00 +0000

GreenBiz.com

Business Vocie of the Green Economy

Green Teams: Engaging Employees in Sustainability
By Deborah Fleischer
Published December 07, 2009
http://greenbiz.com/research/report/2009/12/03/green-teams-engaging-employees-sustainability
or
http://greenbiz.com/sites/default/files/GreenBizReports-GreenTeams-final.pdf
[full-text, 21 pages]

[excerpt from Executive Summary of the Report]

The latest in our series of GreenBiz Reports, researched and written by Deborah Fleischer, the president of Green Impact, explores and outlines the 10 best practices for bringing all your employees on board with your company's sustainability projects.

From the executive summary of the report:

Green teams are self‐organized, grassroots and cross‐functional groups of employees who voluntarilycome together to educate, inspire and empower employees around sustainability. They identify andimplement specific solutions to help their organization operate in a more environmentally sustainable fashion. Most green teams initially focus on greening operations at the office, addressing such issues as recycling in the office, composting food waste, reducing the use of disposable take‐out containers and eliminating plastic water bottles.

This focus on operations is evolving and some green teams are beginning to focus their efforts on integrating sustainability into employees' personal lives, while others are aligning their efforts to support broader corporate sustainability objectives. The business value of integrating sustainability into these three levels includes: cost savings by integrating energy efficiency into the workplace and products and services; attracting and retaining the best and brightest talent who want to work for companies with an authentic green commitment; and increased market share and revenues resulting from a stronger brand and new, innovative green products and services.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary .....................................................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................2 Making the Business Case for Green Teams ................................................................................................................................................2 Figure 1: Business Case for Green Teams.........................................................................................................................................3 Getting Started.............................................................................................................................................................................................4 Four Emerging Trends..................................................................................................................................................................................4 Figure 2: Four Emerging Green Team Trends...................................................................................................................................5 Best Practices ...............................................................................................................................................................................................5 Start With the Visible and Tangible: Focus on Internal Operations .........................................................................................................6 Table 1: Best Practices For Green Teams ..........................................................................................................................................6

Intel ............................................................................................................................................................................................7

Genentech: Green Genes ............................................................................................................................................................7

eBay ...........................................................................................................................................................................................8

Yahoo!........................................................................................................................................................................................8 Table 2: Resources For Learning More..............................................................................................................................................9 Get Senior Management Involved, But Don't Lose the Grassroots Energy…………..………………………………………………………………..8

Engage Employees to Capture Ideas ...................................................................................................................................................10 Communicate and Share Best Practices................................................................................................................................................11 Engage Employees With Their Bellies: The Low Carbon Diet Campaign ...............................................................................................11 Engage Employees in Their Personal Lives ..........................................................................................................................................11 Engage Customers to be Part of the Solution.......................................................................................................................................12 Use Art to Raise Awareness ..................................................................................................................................................................13 Create a Toolkit to Support and Guide Green Teams ............................................................................................................................13 Align Green Teams with Corporate Sustainability Goals.......................................................................................................................13 Conclusion..................................................................................................................................................................................................15 APPENDIX A: Best Practices and Lessons Learned on Employee Engagement ................................................................................16

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] BLS: DISABILITY EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS - NOVEMBER 2009 [4 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Fri, 04 Dec 2009 14:44:00 +0000

DISABILITY EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS - NOVEMBER 2009 [4 December 2009]
http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpsdisability.htm
or
http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/print.pl/cps/cpsdisability.htm

Employment status and disability status, November 2009 [1 December 2009]
http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpsdisability_112009.htm
or
http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/print.pl/cps/cpsdisability_112009.htm
or
http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpsdisability_112009.pdf

In November 2009, the percentage of people with disabilities in the labor force was 21.5 compared with 70.4 for persons with no disability. The unemployment rate for those with disabilities was 14.1 percent, compared with 9.2 percent for persons with no disability, not seasonally adjusted.

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] EIRO: GREENING THE EUROPEAN ECONOMY: Responses & Inititatives by Member States & Social Partners [4 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Fri, 04 Dec 2009 14:13:00 +0000

European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Dublin Foundation)

European Industrial Relations Observatory (EIRO)

COMPARATIVE STUDY

Greening the European economy: Responses and initiatives by Member States and social partners [4 December 2009]
Author: Andrea Broughton
Institution: Institute for Employment Studies (IES)
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/studies/TN0908019s/index.htm
or
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/studies/TN0908019s/tn0908019s.htm
or
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/docs/eiro/tn0908019s/tn0908019s.pdf
[full-text, 34 pages]
and

Executive Summary
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/publications/htmlfiles/ef09721.htm
or
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/studies/TN0908019s/index.htm

This report examines the responses, initiatives and activities undertaken by national governments and the social partners in the EU Member States plus Norway in working towards a greener economy and maximising the job creation potential of this new area. The report looks specifically at various measures undertaken by governments with a view to stimulating the economy in the current context of the global economic crisis. It also charts the growing awareness of the importance of reducing carbon dioxide emissions and developing alternative energy sources, showing that both governments and social partners in most countries in this study are active in trying to promote the ‘green agenda’.The scope of such initiatives includes renewable energy production (including tidal, solar and wind power), energy efficiency, sustainable transport, water supply, waste management and sustainable agriculture. The report also aims to identify particularly interesting and successful initiatives that can be shared and disseminated as good practice examples.

The study was compiled on the basis of individual national reports submitted by the EIRO correspondents. The text of each of these national reports is available below. The national reports were drawn up in response to a questionnaire and should be read in conjunction with it.

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] BLS: THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2009 [4 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Fri, 04 Dec 2009 13:37:00 +0000

IWS Documented News Service
_______________________________
Institute for Workplace Studies----------------- Professor Samuel B. Bacharach
School of Industrial & Labor Relations-------- Director, Institute for Workplace Studies
Cornell University
16 East 34th Street, 4th floor---------------------- Stuart Basefsky
New York, NY 10016 -------------------------------Director, IWS News Bureau
________________________________________________________________________

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2009 [4 December 2009]
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.nr0.htm
or
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf
[full-text, 29 pages]
and
Supplemental Files Table of Contents
http://www.bls.gov/web/empsit.supp.toc.htm

The unemployment rate edged down to 10.0 percent in November, and nonfarm

payroll employment was essentially unchanged (-11,000), the U.S. Bureau of

Labor Statistics reported today. In the prior 3 months, payroll job losses

had averaged 135,000 a month. In November, employment fell in construction,

manufacturing, and information, while temporary help services and health care

added jobs.

Household Survey Data

In November, both the number of unemployed persons, at 15.4 million, and the

unemployment rate, at 10.0 percent, edged down. At the start of the recession

in December 2007, the number of unemployed persons was 7.5 million, and the

jobless rate was 4.9 percent. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, unemployment rates for adult men (10.5 per-

cent), adult women (7.9 percent), teenagers (26.7 percent), whites (9.3 per-

cent), blacks (15.6 percent), and Hispanics (12.7 percent) showed little

change in November. The unemployment rate for Asians was 7.3 percent, not

seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed tem-

porary jobs fell by 463,000 in November. The number of long-term unemployed

(those jobless for 27 weeks and over) rose by 293,000 to 5.9 million. The

percentage of unemployed persons jobless for 27 weeks or more increased by

2.7 percentage points to 38.3 percent. (See tables A-8 and A-9.)

The civilian labor force participation rate was little changed in November at

65.0 percent. The employment-population ratio was unchanged at 58.5 percent.

(See table A-1.)

The number of people working part time for economic reasons (sometimes re-

ferred to as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in November

at 9.2 million. These individuals were working part time because their hours

had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See

table A-5.)

About 2.3 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in

November, an increase of 376,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not sea-

sonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and

were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12

months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched

for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-13.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 861,000 discouraged workers in

November, up from 608,000 a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally ad-

justed.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work be-

cause they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.5 mil-

lion persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for

work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attend-

ance or family responsibilities.

AND MUCH MORE...including TABLES....

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] NSF: DOCTORATE RECIPIENTS from U.S. UNIVERSITIES: Summary Report 2007-2008 [2 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Fri, 04 Dec 2009 13:24:00 +0000

National Science Foundation (NSF)

Doctorate Recipients from U.S. Universities: Summary Report 2007–08 [2 December 2009]

Special Report | NSF 10-309 | December 2009 |
http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf10309/
or
http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf10309/pdf/nsf10309.pdf
[full-text, 322 pages]

CONTENTS

Preface

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Key Findings: 2008

Trends among Doctorate Recipients

Financial Support and Education-Related Debt of Doctorate Recipients

Postgraduation Plans, Employment, and Location

Data Tables: 2008

2007 SED Data Supplement

Appendix A. Technical Notes

Appendix B. Survey of Earned Doctorates Questionnaires

Suggested Citation

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] CAPITAL PUNISHMENT, 2008 -- STATISTICAL TABLES [3 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Fri, 04 Dec 2009 12:35:00 +0000

Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)

Capital Punishment, 2008 - Statistical Tables [3 December 2009]
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/cp08st.htm
or
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/cp08st.pdf
[full-text, 21 pages]
or
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/sheets/cp08st.zip
[spreadsheet]

Presents characteristics of persons under sentence of death on December 31, 2008, and persons executed in 2008. Preliminary data on executions by states during 2009 are included. Tables present state-by-state information on the movement of prisoners into and out of death sentence status during 2008, status of capital statutes, and methods of execution. Numerical tables also summarize data on offender characteristics such as gender, race, Hispanic origin, age at time of arrest for capital offense, legal status at time of capital offense, and time between imposition of death sentence and execution. Data are from the National Prisoner Statistics (NPS-8) series.

Highlights include the following:

* In 2008, 37 inmates were executed: 18 in Texas; 4 in Virginia; 3 each in Georgia and South Carolina; 2 each in Florida, Mississippi, Ohio, and Oklahoma; and 1 in Kentucky.

* 36 executions were by lethal injection; 1 by electrocution.

* As of November 30, 2009, 48 executions had been carried out, 12 more than the number executed as of the same date in 2008.

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS} CRS: AN OVERVIEW OF THE NONPROFIT & CHARITABLE SECTOR [17 November 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 17:03:00 +0000

Congressional Research Service (CRS)

7-5700

R40919

An Overview of the Nonprofit and Charitable Sector

Molly F. Sherlock, Analyst in Economics

Jane G. Gravelle, Senior Specialist in Economic Policy

November 17, 2009

http://opencrs.com/document/R40919/2009-11-17/download/1013/

[full-text, 65 pages]

Summary

A number of policy issues have direct or indirect consequences for the nonprofit and charitable

sector, including the establishment of a social innovation initiative, changes in the tax treatment

of charitable donations, responses to the economic downturn, and health care reform. The

nonprofit and charitable sector represents a significant portion of the U.S. economy. The sector is

also highly diverse. Having a greater understanding of the nonprofit and charitable sector as a

whole may help policymakers evaluate proposals that may impact the sector.

The first section of this report provides a formal definition of the nonprofit and charitable sector.

The term “nonprofit sector” is generally intended to refer to organizations with federal taxexempt

status; “charitable sector” refers to the subset of these organizations that have 501(c)(3)

public charity status.

The next section reports on the size and scope of the charitable sector. Charitable organizations

are estimated to employ more than 7% of the U.S. workforce, while the broader nonprofit sector

is estimated to employ 10% of the U.S. workforce. In 2009, the charities filing Form 990 with the

Internal Revenue Service reported approximately $1.4 billion in revenue and reported holding

nearly $2.6 billion in assets. Nonprofit institutions serving households (largely charities)

constituted more than 5% of GDP in 2008.

The third section of this report examines how charities are funded. Revenue comes from a variety

of sources, including private contributions, payments (fees for service), government grants, and

investment income. Revenue sources vary significantly across different types of charities:

charities involved in health care (including nonprofit hospitals) and educational institutions rely

heavily on private payments while arts, culture, and humanities charities and environment and

animals charities are more reliant on private contributions. Private contributions to charities are of

particular interest as charitable giving may respond to changes in the tax code. As the recent

economic downturn has increased the demand for goods and services provided by a number of

charities, the impact of the business cycle on funding is also discussed.

The fourth section provides an overview of the charitable sector’s relationship with government.

From a theoretical perspective, economics suggests that the government should subsidize

activities that are either public goods or have positive external effects. It can be argued that some

charitable activities possess these qualities. The costs to the government of providing grants,

allowing charitable contributions to be tax deductible, exempting investment income of charities

from tax, and providing property and sales tax exemptions are presented. The oversight role of

the government is also reviewed.

Finally, the report concludes with policy considerations. This section opens by surveying what

policy options are considered most important by charitable organizations themselves. Building on

this, a number of policy options are examined, including (1) increasing government grants and

subsidies to charitable organizations; (2) creating an oversight agency within the federal

government to gather data, conduct research, and advocate for the charitable sector; (3)

implementing policies designed to help charities and foundations in economic downturns; (4)

changing the itemized deduction for charitable contributions by limiting, converting to a credit, or

making the deduction more widely available; and (5) a variety of other tax issues.

Contents

The Nonprofit and Charitable Sectors..........................................................................................2

IRS Filing Requirements .......................................................................................................3

Size and Scope of the Nonprofit and Charitable Sectors ..............................................................4

Employment .........................................................................................................................4

Revenue...............................................................................................................................9

Assets ................................................................................................................................ 11

Revenue and Assets in the Broader Nonprofit Sector ..................................................... 11

Contribution of Charities to GDP ........................................................................................12

The Nonprofit & Charitable Sectors vs. Other Major Economic Sectors ..............................13

How Are Charities Funded? ...................................................................................................... 16

Revenue.............................................................................................................................16

Revenue Sources by Charitable Sector ..........................................................................18

Growth in Revenue Sources ..........................................................................................20

Nongovernmental Financing: Private Contributions.............................................................21

Government Financing: Grants and Transfers ......................................................................28

The Business Cycle’s Impact on Funding ............................................................................30

How Have Nonprofits Fared During Past Economic Downturns? ..................................30

Charitable Contributions in Past Recessions ..................................................................31

The Current Recession: Charitable Giving in 2008 ........................................................31

Endowments and Assets ................................................................................................33

Outlook 2009 ................................................................................................................34

The Charitable Sector’s Relationship with Government .............................................................35

Market Failures: Justifying the Subsidization of Charities....................................................35

Public Goods ................................................................................................................35

Externalities..................................................................................................................36

Is There an Economic Rationale for Nonprofit Hospitals?..............................................37

Relationship with the Federal Government ..........................................................................38

Federal Government............................................................................................................38

Social Innovation Initiatives ..........................................................................................38

Foundations ..................................................................................................................39

Donor-Advised Funds and Supporting Organizations ....................................................39

Endowments .................................................................................................................40

Charitable Contributions ...............................................................................................40

Exemption of Tax on Investment Income of Nonprofits .................................................41

Charitable Contributions and Other Tax Expenditures ...................................................43

Postal Subsidies ............................................................................................................45

State and Local Governments ..............................................................................................45

State and Local Tax Benefits .........................................................................................45

Potential Impacts of Government Grants on Giving.............................................................46

Government Funds and Private Funds as Substitutes .....................................................46

Government Funds and Private Funds as Complements .................................................48

Taxes and Charitable Contributions .....................................................................................49

Policy Considerations ...............................................................................................................50

Increased Funding for Grants and Subsidies ........................................................................52

An Oversight Agency in the Federal Government................................................................53

Proposals to Aid Nonprofits in Economic Downturns ..........................................................54

Foundation Grants.........................................................................................................54

State Funding and Payments..........................................................................................54

Providing Economic Stimulus Funds .............................................................................55

The Itemized Deduction for Charitable Contributions..........................................................56

Other Tax Issues..................................................................................................................57

Channeling Benefits Through the Federal Income Tax System (Including Health

Insurance Credits) ......................................................................................................57

Restrictions on Donor-Advised Funds (DAFs), Supporting Organizations, and

Endowments ..............................................................................................................57

Gifts of Appreciated Property........................................................................................58

Nonprofit Hospitals.......................................................................................................58

Extenders......................................................................................................................59

The Estate Tax ..............................................................................................................59

Figures

Figure 1. Share of Workers in Each State Employed by the Charitable Sector, 2004.....................7

Figure 2. Full-Time Equivalent Volunteers as Percent of Workforce, 2004...................................8

Figure 3. Nonprofit Institutions Serving Households’ Share of GDP..........................................13

Figure 4. Revenue by Source, 2005 ...........................................................................................17

Figure 5. Comparing Revenue Sources Across Charitable Sectors .............................................19

Figure 6. Charitable Giving.......................................................................................................23

Figure 7. Giving as a Percentage of GDP, 1967-2008.................................................................24

Figure 8. Giving to Charities by Type........................................................................................26

Figure 9. Charitable Contributions as a Percentage of Output, 1967-2007..................................31

Tables

Table 1. Registered and Filing Nonprofit Organizations by Organization Type.............................3

Table 2. Nonprofit Employment by Industry................................................................................4

Table 3. Employment in the Charitable Nonprofit Sector .............................................................6

Table 4. Charitable Organizations by Group: Revenue & Assets ................................................10

Table 5. Total Revenue and Assets by Nonprofit Type ...............................................................12

Table 6. Employment by Industrial Sector, 2005........................................................................14

Table 7. Contribution to GDP by Industry..................................................................................14

Table 8. Distribution of Employment by Establishment, 2008....................................................15

Table 9. Percentage Change in Real Revenue, 1995 - 2005........................................................21

Table 10. Giving and Household Income, 2004 .........................................................................27

Table 11. Share of Revenue from Government Grants, 2005......................................................28

Table 12. Changes in Giving by Source, 2007-2008...................................................................32

Table 13. Changes in Giving by Recipient, 2007-2008...............................................................32

Table 14. Tax Expenditures and the Nonprofit Sector, FY2009 ..................................................43

Table 15. Distribution of Charitable Giving Across Income Classes, 2005 .................................44

Table 16. State and Local Tax Subsidies, 2008-2009..................................................................46

Table A-1. Revenue by Source, 2005.........................................................................................60

Appendixes

Appendix. ................................................................................................................................60

Contacts

Author Contact Information ......................................................................................................60

Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................60

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] THE ECONOMICS & POLICY of ILLEGAL IMMIGRATON IN THE UNITED STATES [2 December 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 16:50:00 +0000

Migration Policy Institute

The Economics and Policy of Illegal Immigration in the United States [2 December 2009]

Gordon H. Hanson, University of California-San Diego and National Bureau of Economic Research

December 2009

www.migrationpolicy.org/pubs/Hanson -Dec09.pdf

[full-text, 19 pages]

Table of Contents

Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................1

I. Introduction................................................................................................................................3

II. The Economics and Policy of Illegal Immigration ............................................................4

1. Unauthorized Immigrants Are a Large Part of the Low-Skilled US Labor Force.............................5

2. Illegal Immigration Responds to Market Conditions in Ways that Legal Immigration Presently Cannot..............7

3. The Overall Impact of Illegal Immigration on the US Economy Is Small .........8

4. Enforcement against Illegal Immigration Is Expensive (Relative to the Potential Gains from Eliminating Illegal Entry) ..........11

III. Final Remarks ........................................................................................................................12

Works Cited.....................................................................................................................................14

About the Author............................................................................................................................16

Press Release, December 2, 2009

Contact: Michelle Mittelstadt

202-266-1910

mmittelstadt@migrationpolicy.org

Report Finds Illegal Immigration Has Negligible Impact on U.S. Economy Despite Benefit to Employers, Unauthorized Workers

http://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/2009_12_2.php

WASHINGTON -- Illegal immigration's overall impact on the U.S. economy is negligible, despite clear benefits for employers and unauthorized immigrants and slightly depressed wages for low-skilled native workers, according to a report by a University of California, San Diego economist released today by the Migration Policy Institute (MPI).

The report, The Economics and Policy of Illegal Immigration in the United States, authored by UC-San Diego Professor of Economics Gordon Hanson, examines the effect of illegal immigration on the economy. The paper was commissioned to inform the work of MPI's Labor Markets Initiative, which is conducting a comprehensive, policy-focused review of the role of legal and illegal immigration in the labor market.

In the report, Hanson argues that the largest economic gains from illegal immigration flow to unauthorized workers, who see very substantial income gains after migrating. (A young urban male in Mexico who has completed nine years of education can earn 2.5 times as much annually in the United States, even after controlling for cost-of-living differences.)

U.S. employers also gain from lower labor costs and the ability to use their land, capital and technology more productively. Small losses are felt, however, by native-born low-skilled workers who compete with unauthorized immigrants.

"Illegal immigration produces a tiny net gain to the U.S. economy after subtracting U.S.-born workers' losses from U.S. employers' gains," said Hanson, who is Director of the Center on Pacific Economies at UC-San Diego. "And if we account for the small fiscal burden that unauthorized immigrants impose, the overall economic benefit is close enough to zero to be essentially a wash." But policy can help to convert illegal to legal flows, increasing the positive contribution that low-skilled workers could make to the U.S. economy.

Employers would be more likely to favor authorized workers, the report argues, if the legal low-skilled immigration system responded more effectively to their needs. Illegal immigration, which broadly tracks economic performance, provides a flexible mechanism for responding to labor market conditions in ways the current legal immigration system cannot. Legal flows for low-skilled workers are both very small and relatively unresponsive to economic conditions, with green cards almost entirely unavailable to low-skilled workers and the two main low-skilled temporary visa programs (H-2A and H-2B) varying little over the economic cycle. Only roughly 150,000 workers are in the United States legally at any one time on temporary low-skilled visas -- a fraction compared to the 8.3 million unauthorized immigrants working in the United States.

Unauthorized immigrants provide a ready source of manpower in low-end sectors at a time when the share of low-skilled native-born individuals in the U.S. labor force has fallen dramatically. Over the last 50 years, the United States has raised the education level of its adult population dramatically, with half of U.S.-born working-age adults in 1960 lacking a high school diploma compared to just 8 percent now, the report notes.

A more constructive immigration policy, Hanson suggests, would aim to generate maximum productivity gains to the U.S. economy while limiting the fiscal cost and keeping enforcement spending contained. He recommends a policy redesign that provides sufficient legal channels, fluctuating with economic needs, for entry of low-skilled workers while maintaining reasonable immigration enforcement.

"The report offers an interesting reminder that notwithstanding all of the public focus and controversy surrounding illegal immigration, the fate of the U.S. economy is not riding on the country's policy toward unauthorized workers," said MPI Senior Vice President Michael Fix. "However, as policymakers contemplate immigration reform, they should be mindful of creating a system that provides the workers necessary for the U.S. economy in a legal fashion that flexibly tracks labor market needs."

The report is available at www.migrationpolicy.org/pubs/Hanson -Dec09.pdf
For more on the Labor Markets Initiative, visit www.migrationpolicy.org/lmi

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] CBO: ESTIMATED IMPACT OF THE AMERICAN RECOVERY & REINVESTMENT ACT ON EMPLOYMENT & ECONOMIC OUTPUT AS OF SEPTEMBER 2009 [30 November 2009]

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 13:50:00 +0000

Congresssional Budget Office (CBO)

Estimated Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act on Employment and Economic Output as of September 2009

November 2009 [30 November 2009]
http://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=10682
or
http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/106xx/doc10682/11-30-ARRA.pdf
[full-text, 20 pages]

[excerpt]

CBO estimates that in the third

quarter of calendar year 2009, an additional 600,000 to

1.6 million people were employed in the United States,

and real (inflation-adjusted) gross domestic product

(GDP) was 1.2 percent to 3.2 percent higher, than would

have been the case in the absence of ARRA (see Table 1).

Those ranges are intended to reflect the uncertainty of

such estimates and to encompass most economists’ views

on the effects of fiscal stimulus.

Contents

Measuring ARRA’s Impact Using Recipients’ Reports 2

Measuring ARRA’s Impact Using Economic Models and Historical Data 3

CBO’s Modeling Approach 6

Updated Estimates of the Impact of ARRA 7

Appendix: Evidence on the Economic Effects of Fiscal Stimulus 9

Tables

1. Estimated Macroeconomic Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in the Third Quarter of Calendar Year 2009 2

2. Estimated Output Multipliers and Budgetary Costs of Major Provisions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act 4

________________________________________________________________________

[IWS] ILO GLOBAL JOB CRISIS OBSERVATORY web site

noreply@blogger.com (SBasefsky) — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 13:41:00 +0000

International Labour Organization (ILO)

ILO GLOBAL JOB CRISIS OBSERVATORY
http://www.ilo.org/pls/apex/f?p=jobcrisis:1:4356810788864913

Monitor the crisis by viewing

New Publications & Reports

World Regions & the Crisis

Job Crisis by Topic

AND MORE.....

________________________________________________________________________