Java Text

Gcp1

2024-09-24T14:59:00.005+05:30

QUESTION 1

Every employee of your company has a Google account. Your operational team needs to manage a large

number of instances on Compute Engine. Each member of this team needs only administrative access to the

servers. Your security team wants to ensure that the deployment of credentials is operationally efficient and

must be able to determine who accessed a given instance. What should you do?

A. Generate a new SSH key pair. Give the private key to each member of your team. Configure the public key

in the metadata of each instance.

B. Ask each member of the team to generate a new SSH key pair and to send you their public key. Use a

configuration management tool to deploy those keys on each instance.

C. Ask each member of the team to generate a new SSH key pair and to add the public key to their Google

account. Grant the “compute.osAdminLogin” role to the Google group corresponding to this team.

D. Generate a new SSH key pair. Give the private key to each member of your team. Configure the public key

as a project-wide public SSH key in your Cloud Platform project and allow project-wide public SSH keys on

each instance.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/adding-removing-ssh-keys

QUESTION 2

You need to create a custom VPC with a single subnet. The subnet’s range must be as large as possible.

Which range should you use?

A. 0.0.0.0/0

B. 10.0.0.0/8

C. 172.16.0.0/12

D. 192.168.0.0/16

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 3

You want to select and configure a cost-effective solution for relational data on Google Cloud Platform. You are

working with a small set of operational data in one geographic location. You need to support point-in-time

recovery. What should you do?

A. Select Cloud SQL (MySQL). Verify that the enable binary logging option is selected.

B. Select Cloud SQL (MySQL). Select the create failover replicas option.

C. Select Cloud Spanner. Set up your instance with 2 nodes.

D. Select Cloud Spanner. Set up your instance as multi-regional.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/mysql/backup-recovery/restore

QUESTION 4

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You want to configure autohealing for network load balancing for a group of Compute Engine instances that

run in multiple zones, using the fewest possible steps. You need to configure re-creation of VMs if they are

unresponsive after 3 attempts of 10 seconds each. What should you do?

A. Create an HTTP load balancer with a backend configuration that references an existing instance group. Set

the health check to healthy (HTTP)

B. Create an HTTP load balancer with a backend configuration that references an existing instance group.

Define a balancing mode and set the maximum RPS to 10.

C. Create a managed instance group. Set the Autohealing health check to healthy (HTTP)

D. Create a managed instance group. Verify that the autoscaling setting is on.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 5

You are using multiple configurations for gcloud. You want to review the configured Kubernetes Engine cluster

of an inactive configuration using the fewest possible steps. What should you do?

A. Use gcloud config configurations describe to review the output.

B. Use gcloud config configurations activate and gcloud config list to review the output.

C. Use kubectl config get-contexts to review the output.

D. Use kubectl config use-context and kubectl config view to review the output.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://medium.com/google-cloud/kubernetes-engine-kubectl-config-b6270d2b656c

Revisada

QUESTION 6

Your company uses Cloud Storage to store application backup files for disaster recovery purposes. You want

to follow Google’s recommended practices. Which storage option should you use?

A. Multi-Regional Storage

B. Regional Storage

C. Nearline Storage

D. Coldline Storage

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/storage-classes#nearline

QUESTION 7

Several employees at your company have been creating projects with Cloud Platform and paying for it with

their personal credit cards, which the company reimburses. The company wants to centralize all these projects

under a single, new billing account. What should you do?

A. Contact cloud-billing@google.com with your bank account details and request a corporate billing account

for your company.

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B. Create a ticket with Google Support and wait for their call to share your credit card details over the phone.

C. In the Google Platform Console, go to the Resource Manage and move all projects to the root

Organizarion.

D. In the Google Cloud Platform Console, create a new billing account and set up a payment method.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://www.whizlabs.com/blog/google-cloud-interview-questions/

QUESTION 8

You have an application that looks for its licensing server on the IP 10.0.3.21. You need to deploy the licensing

server on Compute Engine. You do not want to change the configuration of the application and want the

application to be able to reach the licensing server. What should you do?

A. Reserve the IP 10.0.3.21 as a static internal IP address using gcloud and assign it to the licensing server.

B. Reserve the IP 10.0.3.21 as a static public IP address using gcloud and assign it to the licensing server.

C. Use the IP 10.0.3.21 as a custom ephemeral IP address and assign it to the licensing server.

D. Start the licensing server with an automatic ephemeral IP address, and then promote it to a static internal

IP address.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 9

You are deploying an application to App Engine. You want the number of instances to scale based on request

rate. You need at least 3 unoccupied instances at all times. Which scaling type should you use?

A. Manual Scaling with 3 instances.

B. Basic Scaling with min_instances set to 3.

C. Basic Scaling with max_instances set to 3.

D. Automatic Scaling with min_idle_instances set to 3.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/standard/python/how-instances-are-managed

QUESTION 10

You have a development project with appropriate IAM roles defined. You are creating a production project and

want to have the same IAM roles on the new project, using the fewest possible steps. What should you do?

A. Use gcloud iam roles copy and specify the production project as the destination project.

B. Use gcloud iam roles copy and specify your organization as the destination organization.

C. In the Google Cloud Platform Console, use the ‘create role from role’ functionality.

D. In the Google Cloud Platform Console, use the ‘create role’ functionality and select all applicable

permissions.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

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Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/iam/roles/copy

QUESTION 11

You need a dynamic way of provisioning VMs on Compute Engine. The exact specifications will be in a

dedicated configuration file. You want to follow Google’s recommended practices. Which method should you

use?

A. Deployment Manager

B. Cloud Composer

C. Managed Instance Group

D. Unmanaged Instance Group

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/

Revisada

QUESTION 12

You have a Dockerfile that you need to deploy on Kubernetes Engine. What should you do?

A. Use kubectl app deploy <dockerfilename>.

B. Use gcloud app deploy <dockerfilename>.

C. Create a docker image from the Dockerfile and upload it to Container Registry. Create a Deployment YAML

file to point to that image. Use kubectl to create the deployment with that file.

D. Create a docker image from the Dockerfile and upload it to Cloud Storage. Create a Deployment YAML file

to point to that image. Use kubectl to create the deployment with that file.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/tutorials/hello-app

QUESTION 13

Your development team needs a new Jenkins server for their project. You need to deploy the server using the

fewest steps possible. What should you do?

A. Download and deploy the Jenkins Java WAR to App Engine Standard.

B. Create a new Compute Engine instance and install Jenkins through the command line interface.

C. Create a Kubernetes cluster on Compute Engine and create a deployment with the Jenkins Docker image.

D. Use GCP Marketplace to launch the Jenkins solution.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/using-jenkins-for-distributed-builds-on-compute-engine

QUESTION 14

You need to update a deployment in Deployment Manager without any resource downtime in the deployment.

Which command should you use?

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A. gcloud deployment-manager deployments create --config <deployment-config-path>

B. gcloud deployment-manager deployments update --config <deployment-config-path>

C. gcloud deployment-manager resources create --config <deployment-config-path>

D. gcloud deployment-manager resources update --config <deployment-config-path>

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/deployment-manager/deployments/update

QUESTION 15

You need to run an important query in BigQuery but expect it to return a lot of records. You want to find out

how much it will cost to run the query. You are using on-demand pricing. What should you do?

A. Arrange to switch to Flat-Rate pricing for this query, then move back to on-demand.

B. Use the command line to run a dry run query to estimate the number of bytes read. Then convert that bytes

estimate to dollars using the Pricing Calculator.

C. Use the command line to run a dry run query to estimate the number of bytes returned. Then convert that

bytes estimate to dollars using the Pricing Calculator.

D. Run a select count (*) to get an idea of how many records your query will look through. Then convert

that number of rows to dollars using the Pricing Calculator.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/estimate-costs

QUESTION 16

You have a single binary application that you want to run on Google Cloud Platform. You decided to

automatically scale the application based on underlying infrastructure CPU usage. Your organizational policies

require you to use virtual machines directly. You need to ensure that the application scaling is operationally

efficient and completed as quickly as possible. What should you do?

A. Create a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster, and use horizontal pod autoscaling to scale the application.

B. Create an instance template, and use the template in a managed instance group with autoscaling

configured.

C. Create an instance template, and use the template in a managed instance group that scales up and down

based on the time of day.

D. Use a set of third-party tools to build automation around scaling the application up and down, based on

Stackdriver CPU usage monitoring.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 17

You are analyzing Google Cloud Platform service costs from three separate projects. You want to use this

information to create service cost estimates by service type, daily and monthly, for the next six months using

standard query syntax. What should you do?

A. Export your bill to a Cloud Storage bucket, and then import into Cloud Bigtable for analysis.

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B. Export your bill to a Cloud Storage bucket, and then import into Google Sheets for analysis.

C. Export your transactions to a local file, and perform analysis with a desktop tool.

D. Export your bill to a BigQuery dataset, and then write time window-based SQL queries for analysis.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada

QUESTION 18

You need to set up a policy so that videos stored in a specific Cloud Storage Regional bucket are moved to

Coldline after 90 days, and then deleted after one year from their creation. How should you set up the policy?

A. Use Cloud Storage Object Lifecycle Management using Age conditions with SetStorageClass and Delete

actions. Set the SetStorageClass action to 90 days and the Delete action to 275 days (365 – 90)

B. Use Cloud Storage Object Lifecycle Management using Age conditions with SetStorageClass and Delete

actions. Set the SetStorageClass action to 90 days and the Delete action to 365 days.

C. Use gsutil rewrite and set the Delete action to 275 days (365-90).

D. Use gsutil rewrite and set the Delete action to 365 days.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 19

You have a Linux VM that must connect to Cloud SQL. You created a service account with the appropriate

access rights. You want to make sure that the VM uses this service account instead of the default Compute

Engine service account. What should you do?

A. When creating the VM via the web console, specify the service account under the ‘Identity and API Access’

section.

B. Download a JSON Private Key for the service account. On the Project Metadata, add that JSON as the

value for the key compute-engine-service-account.

C. Download a JSON Private Key for the service account. On the Custom Metadata of the VM, add that JSON

as the value for the key compute-engine-service-account.

D. Download a JSON Private Key for the service account. After creating the VM, ssh into the VM and save the

JSON under ~/.gcloud/compute-engine-service-account.json.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

revisada

QUESTION 20

You created an instance of SQL Server 2017 on Compute Engine to test features in the new version. You want

to connect to this instance using the fewest number of steps. What should you do?

A. Install a RDP client on your desktop. Verify that a firewall rule for port 3389 exists.

B. Install a RDP client in your desktop. Set a Windows username and password in the GCP Console. Use the

credentials to log in to the instance.

C. Set a Windows password in the GCP Console. Verify that a firewall rule for port 22 exists. Click the RDP

button in the GCP Console and supply the credentials to log in.

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D. Set a Windows username and password in the GCP Console. Verify that a firewall rule for port 3389 exists.

Click the RDP button in the GCP Console, and supply the credentials to log in.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://medium.com/falafel-software/sql-server-in-the-google-cloud-a17e8a1f11ce

QUESTION 21

You have one GCP account running in your default region and zone and another account running in a nondefault

region and zone. You want to start a new Compute Engine instance in these two Google Cloud Platform

accounts using the command line interface. What should you do?

A. Create two configurations using gcloud config configurations create [NAME]. Run gcloud

config configurations activate [NAME] to switch between accounts when running the

commands to start the Compute Engine instances.

B. Create two configurations using gcloud config configurations create [NAME]. Run gcloud

configurations list to start the Compute Engine instances.

C. Activate two configurations using gcloud configurations activate [NAME]. Run gcloud

config list to start the Compute Engine instances.

D. Activate two configurations using gcloud configurations activate [NAME]. Run gcloud

configurations list to start the Compute Engine instances.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 22

You significantly changed a complex Deployment Manager template and want to confirm that the

dependencies of all defined resources are properly met before committing it to the project. You want the most

rapid feedback on your changes. What should you do?

A. Use granular logging statements within a Deployment Manager template authored in Python.

B. Monitor activity of the Deployment Manager execution on the Stackdriver Logging page of the GCP

Console.

C. Execute the Deployment Manager template against a separate project with the same configuration, and

monitor for failures.

D. Execute the Deployment Manager template using the –-preview option in the same project, and observe

the state of interdependent resources.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/deployment-manager/docs/deployments/updating-deployments

QUESTION 23

You are building a pipeline to process time-series data. Which Google Cloud Platform services should you put

in boxes 1,2,3, and 4?

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A. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataflow, Cloud Datastore, BigQuery

B. Firebase Messages, Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Spanner, BigQuery

C. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Storage, BigQuery, Cloud Bigtable

D. Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataflow, Cloud Bigtable, BigQuery

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/correlating-time-series-dataflow

QUESTION 24

You have a project for your App Engine application that serves a development environment. The required

testing has succeeded and you want to create a new project to serve as your production environment. What

should you do?

A. Use gcloud to create the new project, and then deploy your application to the new project.

B. Use gcloud to create the new project and to copy the deployed application to the new project.

C. Create a Deployment Manager configuration file that copies the current App Engine deployment into a new

project.

D. Deploy your application again using gcloud and specify the project parameter with the new project name to

create the new project.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 25

You need to configure IAM access audit logging in BigQuery for external auditors. You want to follow Googlerecommended

practices. What should you do?

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A. Add the auditors group to the ‘logging.viewer’ and ‘bigQuery.dataViewer’ predefined IAM roles.

B. Add the auditors group to two new custom IAM roles.

C. Add the auditor user accounts to the ‘logging.viewer’ and ‘bigQuery.dataViewer’ predefined IAM roles.

D. Add the auditor user accounts to two new custom IAM roles.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/roles-audit-logging

Revisada

QUESTION 26

You need to set up permissions for a set of Compute Engine instances to enable them to write data into a

particular Cloud Storage bucket. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Create a service account with an access scope. Use the access scope ‘https://www.googleapis.com/auth/

devstorage.write_only’.

B. Create a service account with an access scope. Use the access scope ‘https://www.googleapis.com/auth/

cloud-platform’.

C. Create a service account and add it to the IAM role ‘storage.objectCreator’ for that bucket.

D. Create a service account and add it to the IAM role ‘storage.objectAdmin’ for that bucket.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 27

You have sensitive data stored in three Cloud Storage buckets and have enabled data access logging. You

want to verify activities for a particular user for these buckets, using the fewest possible steps. You need to

verify the addition of metadata labels and which files have been viewed from those buckets. What should you

do?

A. Using the GCP Console, filter the Activity log to view the information.

B. Using the GCP Console, filter the Stackdriver log to view the information.

C. View the bucket in the Storage section of the GCP Console.

D. Create a trace in Stackdriver to view the information.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 28

You are the project owner of a GCP project and want to delegate control to colleagues to manage buckets and

files in Cloud Storage. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. Which IAM roles should you grant

your colleagues?

A. Project Editor

B. Storage Admin

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C. Storage Object Admin

D. Storage Object Creator

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 29

You have an object in a Cloud Storage bucket that you want to share with an external company. The object

contains sensitive data. You want access to the content to be removed after four hours. The external company

does not have a Google account to which you can grant specific user-based access privileges. You want to use

the most secure method that requires the fewest steps. What should you do?

A. Create a signed URL with a four-hour expiration and share the URL with the company.

B. Set object access to ‘public’ and use object lifecycle management to remove the object after four hours.

C. Configure the storage bucket as a static website and furnish the object’s URL to the company. Delete the

object from the storage bucket after four hours.

D. Create a new Cloud Storage bucket specifically for the external company to access. Copy the object to that

bucket. Delete the bucket after four hours have passed.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 30

You are creating a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster with a cluster autoscaler feature enabled. You

need to make sure that each node of the cluster will run a monitoring pod that sends container metrics to a

third-party monitoring solution. What should you do?

A. Deploy the monitoring pod in a StatefulSet object.

B. Deploy the monitoring pod in a DaemonSet object.

C. Reference the monitoring pod in a Deployment object.

D. Reference the monitoring pod in a cluster initializer at the GKE cluster creation time.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 31

You want to send and consume Cloud Pub/Sub messages from your App Engine application. The Cloud Pub/

Sub API is currently disabled. You will use a service account to authenticate your application to the API. You

want to make sure your application can use Cloud Pub/Sub. What should you do?

A. Enable the Cloud Pub/Sub API in the API Library on the GCP Console.

B. Rely on the automatic enablement of the Cloud Pub/Sub API when the Service Account accesses it.

C. Use Deployment Manager to deploy your application. Rely on the automatic enablement of all APIs used by

the application being deployed.

D. Grant the App Engine Default service account the role of Cloud Pub/Sub Admin. Have your application

enable the API on the first connection to Cloud Pub/Sub.

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Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 32

You need to monitor resources that are distributed over different projects in Google Cloud Platform. You want

to consolidate reporting under the same Stackdriver Monitoring dashboard. What should you do?

A. Use Shared VPC to connect all projects, and link Stackdriver to one of the projects.

B. For each project, create a Stackdriver account. In each project, create a service account for that project

and grant it the role of Stackdriver Account Editor in all other projects.

C. Configure a single Stackdriver account, and link all projects to the same account.

D. Configure a single Stackdriver account for one of the projects. In Stackdriver, create a Group and add the

other project names as criteria for that Group.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 33

You are deploying an application to a Compute Engine VM in a managed instance group. The application must

be running at all times, but only a single instance of the VM should run per GCP project. How should you

configure the instance group?

A. Set autoscaling to On, set the minimum number of instances to 1, and then set the maximum number of

instances to 1.

B. Set autoscaling to Off, set the minimum number of instances to 1, and then set the maximum number of

instances to 1.

C. Set autoscaling to On, set the minimum number of instances to 1, and then set the maximum number of

instances to 2.

D. Set autoscaling to Off, set the minimum number of instances to 1, and then set the maximum number of

instances to 2.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 34

You want to verify the IAM users and roles assigned within a GCP project named my-project. What should

you do?

A. Run gcloud iam roles list. Review the output section.

B. Run gcloud iam service-accounts list. Review the output section.

C. Navigate to the project and then to the IAM section in the GCP Console. Review the members and roles.

D. Navigate to the project and then to the Roles section in the GCP Console. Review the roles and status.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

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QUESTION 35

You need to create a new billing account and then link it with an existing Google Cloud Platform project. What

should you do?

A. Verify that you are Project Billing Manager for the GCP project. Update the existing project to link it to the

existing billing account.

B. Verify that you are Project Billing Manager for the GCP project. Create a new billing account and link the

new billing account to the existing project.

C. Verify that you are Billing Administrator for the billing account. Create a new project and link the new project

to the existing billing account.

D. Verify that you are Billing Administrator for the billing account. Update the existing project to link it to the

existing billing account.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 36

You have one project called proj-sa where you manage all your service accounts. You want to be able to use

a service account from this project to take snapshots of VMs running in another project called proj-vm.

What should you do?

A. Download the private key from the service account, and add it to each VMs custom metadata.

B. Download the private key from the service account, and add the private key to each VM’s SSH keys.

C. Grant the service account the IAM Role of Compute Storage Admin in the project called proj-vm.

D. When creating the VMs, set the service account’s API scope for Compute Engine to read/write.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 37

You created a Google Cloud Platform project with an App Engine application inside the project. You initially

configured the application to be served from the us-central region. Now you want the application to be served

from the asia-northeast1 region. What should you do?

A. Change the default region property setting in the existing GCP project to asia-northeast1.

B. Change the region property setting in the existing App Engine application from us-central to asianortheast1.

C. Create a second App Engine application in the existing GCP project and specify asia-northeast1 as the

region to serve your application.

D. Create a new GCP project and create an App Engine application inside this new project. Specify asianortheast1

as the region to serve your application.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

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QUESTION 38

You need to grant access for three users so that they can view and edit table data on a Cloud Spanner

instance. What should you do?

A. Run gcloud iam roles describe roles/spanner.databaseUser. Add the users to the role.

B. Run gcloud iam roles describe roles/spanner.databaseUser. Add the users to a new group.

Add the group to the role.

C. Run gcloud iam roles describe roles/spanner.viewer - -project my-project. Add the

users to the role.

D. Run gcloud iam roles describe roles/spanner.viewer - -project my-project. Add the

users to a new group. Add the group to the role.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 39

You create a new Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster and want to make sure that it always runs a

supported and stable version of Kubernetes. What should you do?

A. Enable the Node Auto-Repair feature for your GKE cluster.

B. Enable the Node Auto-Upgrades feature for your GKE cluster.

C. Select the latest available cluster version for your GKE cluster.

D. Select “Container-Optimized OS (cos)” as a node image for your GKE cluster.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 40

You have an instance group that you want to load balance. You want the load balancer to terminate the client

SSL session. The instance group is used to serve a public web application over HTTPS. You want to follow

Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Configure an HTTP(S) load balancer.

B. Configure an internal TCP load balancer.

C. Configure an external SSL proxy load balancer.

D. Configure an external TCP proxy load balancer.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/load-balancing/docs/https/

QUESTION 41

You have 32 GB of data in a single file that you need to upload to a Nearline Storage bucket. The WAN

connection you are using is rated at 1 Gbps, and you are the only one on the connection. You want to use as

much of the rated 1 Gbps as possible to transfer the file rapidly. How should you upload the file?

A. Use the GCP Console to transfer the file instead of gsutil.

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B. Enable parallel composite uploads using gsutil on the file transfer.

C. Decrease the TCP window size on the machine initiating the transfer.

D. Change the storage class of the bucket from Nearline to Multi-Regional.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 42

You’ve deployed a microservice called myapp1 to a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster using the YAML file

specified below:

You need to refactor this configuration so that the database password is not stored in plain text. You want to

follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Store the database password inside the Docker image of the container, not in the YAML file.

B. Store the database password inside a Secret object. Modify the YAML file to populate the DB_PASSWORD

environment variable from the Secret.

C. Store the database password inside a ConfigMap object. Modify the YAML file to populate the

DB_PASSWORD environment variable from the ConfigMap.

D. Store the database password in a file inside a Kubernetes persistent volume, and use a persistent volume

claim to mount the volume to the container.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

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Revisada.

QUESTION 43

You are running an application on multiple virtual machines within a managed instance group and have

autoscaling enabled. The autoscaling policy is configured so that additional instances are added to the group if

the CPU utilization of instances goes above 80%. VMs are added until the instance group reaches its

maximum limit of five VMs or until CPU utilization of instances lowers to 80%. The initial delay for HTTP health

checks against the instances is set to 30 seconds. The virtual machine instances take around three minutes to

become available for users. You observe that when the instance group autoscales, it adds more instances then

necessary to support the levels of end-user traffic. You want to properly maintain instance group sizes when

autoscaling. What should you do?

A. Set the maximum number of instances to 1.

B. Decrease the maximum number of instances to 3.

C. Use a TCP health check instead of an HTTP health check.

D. Increase the initial delay of the HTTP health check to 200 seconds.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 44

You need to select and configure compute resources for a set of batch processing jobs. These jobs take

around 2 hours to complete and are run nightly. You want to minimize service costs. What should you do?

A. Select Google Kubernetes Engine. Use a single-node cluster with a small instance type.

B. Select Google Kubernetes Engine. Use a three-node cluster with micro instance types.

C. Select Compute Engine. Use preemptible VM instances of the appropriate standard machine type.

D. Select Compute Engine. Use VM instance types that support micro bursting.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 45

You recently deployed a new version of an application to App Engine and then discovered a bug in the release.

You need to immediately revert to the prior version of the application. What should you do?

A. Run gcloud app restore.

B. On the App Engine page of the GCP Console, select the application that needs to be reverted and click

Revert.

C. On the App Engine Versions page of the GCP Console, route 100% of the traffic to the previous version.

D. Deploy the original version as a separate application. Then go to App Engine settings and split traffic

between applications so that the original version serves 100% of the requests.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://medium.com/google-cloud/app-engine-project-cleanup-9647296e796a

QUESTION 46

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You deployed an App Engine application using gcloud app deploy, but it did not deploy to the intended

project. You want to find out why this happened and where the application deployed. What should you do?

A. Check the app.yaml file for your application and check project settings.

B. Check the web-application.xml file for your application and check project settings.

C. Go to Deployment Manager and review settings for deployment of applications.

D. Go to Cloud Shell and run gcloud config list to review the Google Cloud configuration used for

deployment.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 47

You want to configure 10 Compute Engine instances for availability when maintenance occurs. Your

requirements state that these instances should attempt to automatically restart if they crash. Also, the

instances should be highly available including during system maintenance. What should you do?

A. Create an instance template for the instances. Set the ‘Automatic Restart’ to on. Set the ‘On-host

maintenance’ to Migrate VM instance. Add the instance template to an instance group.

B. Create an instance template for the instances. Set ‘Automatic Restart’ to off. Set ‘On-host maintenance’ to

Terminate VM instances. Add the instance template to an instance group.

C. Create an instance group for the instances. Set the ‘Autohealing’ health check to healthy (HTTP).

D. Create an instance group for the instance. Verify that the ‘Advanced creation options’ setting for ‘do not

retry machine creation’ is set to off.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 48

You host a static website on Cloud Storage. Recently, you began to include links to PDF files on this site.

Currently, when users click on the links to these PDF files, their browsers prompt them to save the file onto

their local system. Instead, you want the clicked PDF files to be displayed within the browser window directly,

without prompting the user to save the file locally. What should you do?

A. Enable Cloud CDN on the website frontend.

B. Enable ‘Share publicly’ on the PDF file objects.

C. Set Content-Type metadata to application/pdf on the PDF file objects.

D. Add a label to the storage bucket with a key of Content-Type and value of application/pdf.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 49

You have a virtual machine that is currently configured with 2 vCPUs and 4 GB of memory. It is running out of

memory. You want to upgrade the virtual machine to have 8 GB of memory. What should you do?

A. Rely on live migration to move the workload to a machine with more memory.

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B. Use gcloud to add metadata to the VM. Set the key to required-memory-size and the value to 8 GB.

C. Stop the VM, change the machine type to n1-standard-8, and start the VM.

D. Stop the VM, increase the memory to 8 GB, and start the VM.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 50

You have production and test workloads that you want to deploy on Compute Engine. Production VMs need to

be in a different subnet than the test VMs. All the VMs must be able to reach each other over Internal IP

without creating additional routes. You need to set up VPC and the 2 subnets. Which configuration meets

these requirements?

A. Create a single custom VPC with 2 subnets. Create each subnet in a different region and with a different

CIDR range.

B. Create a single custom VPC with 2 subnets. Create each subnet in the same region and with the same

CIDR range.

C. Create 2 custom VPCs, each with a single subnet. Create each subnet in a different region and with a

different CIDR range.

D. Create 2 custom VPCs, each with a single subnet. Create each subnet in the same region and with the

same CIDR range.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 51

You need to create an autoscaling managed instance group for an HTTPS web application. You want to make

sure that unhealthy VMs are recreated. What should you do?

A. Create a health check on port 443 and use that when creating the Managed Instance Group.

B. Select Multi-Zone instead of Single-Zone when creating the Managed Instance Group.

C. In the Instance Template, add the label ‘health-check’.

D. In the Instance Template, add a startup script that sends a heartbeat to the metadata server.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instance-groups/creating-groups-of-managed-instances

QUESTION 52

Your company has a Google Cloud Platform project that uses BigQuery for data warehousing. Your data

science team changes frequently and has few members. You need to allow members of this team to perform

queries. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. 1. Create an IAM entry for each data scientist's user account.

2. Assign the BigQuery jobUser role to the group.

B. 1. Create an IAM entry for each data scientist's user account.

2. Assign the BigQuery dataViewer user role to the group.

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C. 1. Create a dedicated Google group in Cloud Identity.

2. Add each data scientist's user account to the group.

3. Assign the BigQuery jobUser role to the group.

D. 1. Create a dedicated Google group in Cloud Identity.

2. Add each data scientist's user account to the group.

3. Assign the BigQuery dataViewer user role to the group.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/cloud-sql-federated-queries

Revisada.

QUESTION 53

Your company has a 3-tier solution running on Compute Engine. The configuration of the current infrastructure

is shown below.

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Each tier has a service account that is associated with all instances within it. You need to enable

communication on TCP port 8080 between tiers as follows:

• Instances in tier #1 must communicate with tier #2.

• Instances in tier #2 must communicate with tier #3.

What should you do?

A. 1. Create an ingress firewall rule with the following settings:

• Targets: all instances

• Source filter: IP ranges (with the range set to 10.0.2.0/24)

• Protocols: allow all

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2. Create an ingress firewall rule with the following settings:

• Targets: all instances

• Source filter: IP ranges (with the range set to 10.0.1.0/24)

• Protocols: allow all

B. 1. Create an ingress firewall rule with the following settings:

• Targets: all instances with tier #2 service account

• Source filter: all instances with tier #1 service account

• Protocols: allow TCP:8080

2. Create an ingress firewall rule with the following settings:

• Targets: all instances with tier #3 service account

• Source filter: all instances with tier #2 service account

• Protocols: allow TCP: 8080

C. 1. Create an ingress firewall rule with the following settings:

• Targets: all instances with tier #2 service account

• Source filter: all instances with tier #1 service account

• Protocols: allow all

2. Create an ingress firewall rule with the following settings:

• Targets: all instances with tier #3 service account

• Source filter: all instances with tier #2 service account

• Protocols: allow all

D. 1. Create an egress firewall rule with the following settings:

• Targets: all instances

• Source filter: IP ranges (with the range set to 10.0.2.0/24)

• Protocols: allow TCP: 8080

2. Create an egress firewall rule with the following settings:

• Targets: all instances

• Source filter: IP ranges (with the range set to 10.0.1.0/24)

• Protocols: allow TCP: 8080

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 54

You are given a project with a single Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and a single subnetwork in the us-central1

region. There is a Compute Engine instance hosting an application in this subnetwork. You need to deploy a

new instance in the same project in the europe-west1 region. This new instance needs access to the

application. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. 1. Create a subnetwork in the same VPC, in europe-west1.

2. Create the new instance in the new subnetwork and use the first instance's private address as the

endpoint.

B. 1. Create a VPC and a subnetwork in europe-west1.

2. Expose the application with an internal load balancer.

3. Create the new instance in the new subnetwork and use the load balancer's address as the endpoint.

C. 1. Create a subnetwork in the same VPC, in europe-west1.

2. Use Cloud VPN to connect the two subnetworks.

3. Create the new instance in the new subnetwork and use the first instance's private address as the

endpoint.

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D. 1. Create a VPC and a subnetwork in europe-west1.

2. Peer the 2 VPCs.

3. Create the new instance in the new subnetwork and use the first instance's private address as the

endpoint.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 55

Your projects incurred more costs than you expected last month. Your research reveals that a development

GKE container emitted a huge number of logs, which resulted in higher costs. You want to disable the logs

quickly using the minimum number of steps. What should you do?

A. 1. Go to the Logs ingestion window in Stackdriver Logging, and disable the log source for the GKE

container resource.

B. 1. Go to the Logs ingestion window in Stackdriver Logging, and disable the log source for the GKE Cluster

Operations resource.

C. 1. Go to the GKE console, and delete existing clusters.

2. Recreate a new cluster.

3. Clear the option to enable legacy Stackdriver Logging.

D. 1. Go to the GKE console, and delete existing clusters.

2. Recreate a new cluster.

3. Clear the option to enable legacy Stackdriver Monitoring.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 56

You have a website hosted on App Engine standard environment. You want 1% of your users to see a new test

version of the website. You want to minimize complexity. What should you do?

A. Deploy the new version in the same application and use the --migrate option.

B. Deploy the new version in the same application and use the --splits option to give a weight of 99 to the

current version and a weight of 1 to the new version.

C. Create a new App Engine application in the same project. Deploy the new version in that application. Use

the App Engine library to proxy 1% of the requests to the new version.

D. Create a new App Engine application in the same project. Deploy the new version in that application.

Configure your network load balancer to send 1% of the traffic to that new application.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 57

You have a web application deployed as a managed instance group. You have a new version of the application

to gradually deploy. Your web application is currently receiving live web traffic. You want to ensure that the

available capacity does not decrease during the deployment. What should you do?

A. Perform a rolling-action start-update with maxSurge set to 0 and maxUnavailable set to 1.

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B. Perform a rolling-action start-update with maxSurge set to 1 and maxUnavailable set to 0.

C. Create a new managed instance group with an updated instance template. Add the group to the backend

service for the load balancer. When all instances in the new managed instance group are healthy, delete

the old managed instance group.

D. Create a new instance template with the new application version. Update the existing managed instance

group with the new instance template. Delete the instances in the managed instance group to allow the

managed instance group to recreate the instance using the new instance template.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 58

You are building an application that stores relational data from users. Users across the globe will use this

application. Your CTO is concerned about the scaling requirements because the size of the user base is

unknown. You need to implement a database solution that can scale with your user growth with minimum

configuration changes. Which storage solution should you use?

A. Cloud SQL

B. Cloud Spanner

C. Cloud Firestore

D. Cloud Datastore

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 59

You are the organization and billing administrator for your company. The engineering team has the Project

Creator role on the organization. You do not want the engineering team to be able to link projects to the billing

account. Only the finance team should be able to link a project to a billing account, but they should not be able

to make any other changes to projects. What should you do?

A. Assign the finance team only the Billing Account User role on the billing account.

B. Assign the engineering team only the Billing Account User role on the billing account.

C. Assign the finance team the Billing Account User role on the billing account and the Project Billing Manager

role on the organization.

D. Assign the engineering team the Billing Account User role on the billing account and the Project Billing

Manager role on the organization.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 60

You have an application running in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) with cluster autoscaling enabled. The

application exposes a TCP endpoint. There are several replicas of this application. You have a Compute

Engine instance in another Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) called gce-network that has no overlapping IP

ranges with the first VPC. Both the GKE cluster and the Compute Engine instance are in the same region. This

instance needs to connect to the application on GKE. You want to minimize effort. What should you do?

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A. 1. In GKE, create a Service of type LoadBalancer that uses the application's Pods as backend.

2. Set the service's externalTrafficPolicy to Cluster.

3. Configure the Compute Engine instance to use the address of the load balancer that has been created.

B. 1. In GKE, create a Service of type NodePort that uses the application's Pods as backend.

2. Create a Compute Engine instance called proxy with 2 network interfaces, one in each VPC.

3. Use iptables on this instance to forward traffic from gce-network to the GKE nodes.

4. Configure the Compute Engine instance to use the address of proxy in gce-network as endpoint.

C. 1. In GKE, create a Service of type LoadBalancer that uses the application's Pods as backend.

2. Add an annotation to this service: cloud.google.com/load-balancer-type: Internal

3. Peer the two VPCs together.

4. Configure the Compute Engine instance to use the address of the load balancer that has been created.

D. 1. In GKE, create a Service of type LoadBalancer that uses the application's Pods as backend.

2. Add a Google Cloud Armor Security Policy to the load balancer that allowlists the internal IPs of the

MIG's instances.

3. Configure the Compute Engine instance to use the address of the load balancer that has been created.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 61

Your organization is a financial company that needs to store audit log files for 3 years. Your organization has

hundreds of Google Cloud projects. You need to implement a cost-effective approach for log file retention.

What should you do?

A. Create an export to the sink that saves logs from Cloud Audit to BigQuery.

B. Create an export to the sink that saves logs from Cloud Audit to a Coldline Storage bucket.

C. Write a custom script that uses logging API to copy the logs from Stackdriver logs to BigQuery.

D. Export these logs to Cloud Pub/Sub and write a Cloud Dataflow pipeline to store logs to Cloud SQL.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 62

You want to run a single caching HTTP reverse proxy on GCP for a latency-sensitive website. This specific

reverse proxy consumes almost no CPU. You want to have a 30-GB in-memory cache, and need an additional

2 GB of memory for the rest of the processes. You want to minimize cost. How should you run this reverse

proxy?

A. Create a Cloud Memorystore for Redis instance with 32-GB capacity.

B. Run it on Compute Engine, and choose a custom instance type with 6 vCPUs and 32 GB of memory.

C. Package it in a container image, and run it on Kubernetes Engine, using n1-standard-32 instances as

nodes.

D. Run it on Compute Engine, choose the instance type n1-standard-1, and add an SSD persistent disk of

32 GB.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

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QUESTION 63

You are hosting an application on bare-metal servers in your own data center. The application needs access to

Cloud Storage. However, security policies prevent the servers hosting the application from having public IP

addresses or access to the internet. You want to follow Google-recommended practices to provide the

application with access to Cloud Storage. What should you do?

A. 1. Use nslookup to get the IP address for storage.googleapis.com.

2. Negotiate with the security team to be able to give a public IP address to the servers.

3. Only allow egress traffic from those servers to the IP addresses for storage.googleapis.com.

B. 1. Using Cloud VPN, create a VPN tunnel to a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in Google Cloud.

2. In this VPC, create a Compute Engine instance and install the Squid proxy server on this instance.

3. Configure your servers to use that instance as a proxy to access Cloud Storage.

C. 1. Use Migrate for Compute Engine (formerly known as Velostrata) to migrate those servers to Compute

Engine.

2. Create an internal load balancer (ILB) that uses storage.googleapis.com as backend.

3. Configure your new instances to use this ILB as proxy.

D. 1. Using Cloud VPN or Interconnect, create a tunnel to a VPC in Google Cloud.

2. Use Cloud Router to create a custom route advertisement for 199.36.153.4/30. Announce that network to

your on-premises network through the VPN tunnel.

3. In your on-premises network, configure your DNS server to resolve *.googleapis.com as a CNAME

to restricted.googleapis.com.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 64

You want to deploy an application on Cloud Run that processes messages from a Cloud Pub/Sub topic. You

want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. 1. Create a Cloud Function that uses a Cloud Pub/Sub trigger on that topic.

2. Call your application on Cloud Run from the Cloud Function for every message.

B. 1. Grant the Pub/Sub Subscriber role to the service account used by Cloud Run.

2. Create a Cloud Pub/Sub subscription for that topic.

3. Make your application pull messages from that subscription.

C. 1. Create a service account.

2. Give the Cloud Run Invoker role to that service account for your Cloud Run application.

3. Create a Cloud Pub/Sub subscription that uses that service account and uses your Cloud Run

application as the push endpoint.

D. 1. Deploy your application on Cloud Run on GKE with the connectivity set to Internal.

2. Create a Cloud Pub/Sub subscription for that topic.

3. In the same Google Kubernetes Engine cluster as your application, deploy a container that takes the

messages and sends them to your application.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 65

You need to deploy an application, which is packaged in a container image, in a new project. The application

exposes an HTTP endpoint and receives very few requests per day. You want to minimize costs. What should

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you do?

A. Deploy the container on Cloud Run.

B. Deploy the container on Cloud Run on GKE.

C. Deploy the container on App Engine Flexible.

D. Deploy the container on GKE with cluster autoscaling and horizontal pod autoscaling enabled.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 66

Your company has an existing GCP organization with hundreds of projects and a billing account. Your

company recently acquired another company that also has hundreds of projects and its own billing account.

You would like to consolidate all GCP costs of both GCP organizations onto a single invoice. You would like to

consolidate all costs as of tomorrow. What should you do?

A. Link the acquired company’s projects to your company's billing account.

B. Configure the acquired company's billing account and your company's billing account to export the billing

data into the same BigQuery dataset.

C. Migrate the acquired company’s projects into your company’s GCP organization. Link the migrated projects

to your company's billing account.

D. Create a new GCP organization and a new billing account. Migrate the acquired company's projects and

your company's projects into the new GCP organization and link the projects to the new billing account.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/resource-manager/docs/migrating-projects-billing

QUESTION 67

You built an application on Google Cloud that uses Cloud Spanner. Your support team needs to monitor the

environment but should not have access to table data. You need a streamlined solution to grant the correct

permissions to your support team, and you want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you

do?

A. Add the support team group to the roles/monitoring.viewer role

B. Add the support team group to the roles/spanner.databaseUser role.

C. Add the support team group to the roles/spanner.databaseReader role.

D. Add the support team group to the roles/stackdriver.accounts.viewer role.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 68

For analysis purposes, you need to send all the logs from all of your Compute Engine instances to a BigQuery

dataset called platform-logs. You have already installed the Cloud Logging agent on all the instances. You

want to minimize cost. What should you do?

A. 1. Give the BigQuery Data Editor role on the platform-logs dataset to the service accounts used by

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your instances.

2. Update your instances’ metadata to add the following value: logs-destination: bq://platformlogs.

B. 1. In Cloud Logging, create a logs export with a Cloud Pub/Sub topic called logs as a sink.

2. Create a Cloud Function that is triggered by messages in the logs topic.

3. Configure that Cloud Function to drop logs that are not from Compute Engine and to insert Compute

Engine logs in the platform-logs dataset.

C. 1. In Cloud Logging, create a filter to view only Compute Engine logs.

2. Click Create Export.

3. Choose BigQuery as Sink Service, and the platform-logs dataset as Sink Destination.

D. 1. Create a Cloud Function that has the BigQuery User role on the platform-logs dataset.

2. Configure this Cloud Function to create a BigQuery Job that executes this query:

INSERT INTO dataset.platform-logs (timestamp, log)

SELECT timestamp, log FROM compute.logs

WHERE timestamp > DATE_SUB(CURRENT_DATE(), INTERVAL 1 DAY)

3. Use Cloud Scheduler to trigger this Cloud Function once a day.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 69

You are using Deployment Manager to create a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster. Using the same

Deployment Manager deployment, you also want to create a DaemonSet in the kube-system namespace of

the cluster. You want a solution that uses the fewest possible services. What should you do?

A. Add the cluster’s API as a new Type Provider in Deployment Manager, and use the new type to create the

DaemonSet.

B. Use the Deployment Manager Runtime Configurator to create a new Config resource that contains the

DaemonSet definition.

C. With Deployment Manager, create a Compute Engine instance with a startup script that uses kubectl to

create the DaemonSet.

D. In the cluster’s definition in Deployment Manager, add a metadata that has kube-system as key and the

DaemonSet manifest as value.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 70

You are building an application that will run in your data center. The application will use Google Cloud Platform

(GCP) services like AutoML. You created a service account that has appropriate access to AutoML. You need

to enable authentication to the APIs from your on-premises environment. What should you do?

A. Use service account credentials in your on-premises application.

B. Use gcloud to create a key file for the service account that has appropriate permissions.

C. Set up direct interconnect between your data center and Google Cloud Platform to enable authentication for

your on-premises applications.

D. Go to the IAM & admin console, grant a user account permissions similar to the service account

permissions, and use this user account for authentication from your data center.

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Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/vision/automl/docs/before-you-begin

QUESTION 71

You are using Container Registry to centrally store your company’s container images in a separate project. In

another project, you want to create a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster. You want to ensure that

Kubernetes can download images from Container Registry. What should you do?

A. In the project where the images are stored, grant the Storage Object Viewer IAM role to the service account

used by the Kubernetes nodes.

B. When you create the GKE cluster, choose the Allow full access to all Cloud APIs option under

‘Access scopes’.

C. Create a service account, and give it access to Cloud Storage. Create a P12 key for this service account

and use it as an imagePullSecrets in Kubernetes.

D. Configure the ACLs on each image in Cloud Storage to give read-only access to the default Compute

Engine service account.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 72

You deployed a new application inside your Google Kubernetes Engine cluster using the YAML file specified

below.

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You check the status of the deployed pods and notice that one of them is still in PENDING status:

You want to find out why the pod is stuck in pending status. What should you do?

A. Review details of the myapp-service Service object and check for error messages.

B. Review details of the myapp-deployment Deployment object and check for error messages.

C. Review details of myapp-deployment-58ddbbb995-lp86m Pod and check for warning messages.

D. View logs of the container in myapp-deployment-58ddbbb995-lp86m pod and check for warning

messages.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/run/docs/gke/troubleshooting

QUESTION 73

You are setting up a Windows VM on Compute Engine and want to make sure you can log in to the VM via

RDP. What should you do?

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A. After the VM has been created, use your Google Account credentials to log in into the VM.

B. After the VM has been created, use gcloud compute reset-windows-password to retrieve the login

credentials for the VM.

C. When creating the VM, add metadata to the instance using ‘windows-password’ as the key and a password

as the value.

D. After the VM has been created, download the JSON private key for the default Compute Engine service

account. Use the credentials in the JSON file to log in to the VM.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 74

You want to configure an SSH connection to a single Compute Engine instance for users in the dev1 group.

This instance is the only resource in this particular Google Cloud Platform project that the dev1 users should

be able to connect to. What should you do?

A. Set metadata to enable-oslogin=true for the instance. Grant the dev1 group the compute.osLogin

role. Direct them to use the Cloud Shell to ssh to that instance.

B. Set metadata to enable-oslogin=true for the instance. Set the service account to no service

account for that instance. Direct them to use the Cloud Shell to ssh to that instance.

C. Enable block project wide keys for the instance. Generate an SSH key for each user in the dev1

group. Distribute the keys to dev1 users and direct them to use their third-party tools to connect.

D. Enable block project wide keys for the instance. Generate an SSH key and associate the key with

that instance. Distribute the key to dev1 users and direct them to use their third-party tools to connect.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/adding-removing-ssh-keys

QUESTION 75

You need to produce a list of the enabled Google Cloud Platform APIs for a GCP project using the gcloud

command line in the Cloud Shell. The project name is my-project. What should you do?

A. Run gcloud projects list to get the project ID, and then run gcloud services list --

project <project ID>.

B. Run gcloud init to set the current project to my-project, and then run gcloud services list --

available.

C. Run gcloud info to view the account value, and then run gcloud services list --account

<Account>.

D. Run gcloud projects describe <project ID> to verify the project value, and then run gcloud

services list --available.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 76

You are building a new version of an application hosted in an App Engine environment. You want to test the

new version with 1% of users before you completely switch your application over to the new version. What

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should you do?

A. Deploy a new version of your application in Google Kubernetes Engine instead of App Engine and then use

GCP Console to split traffic.

B. Deploy a new version of your application in a Compute Engine instance instead of App Engine and then use

GCP Console to split traffic.

C. Deploy a new version as a separate app in App Engine. Then configure App Engine using GCP Console to

split traffic between the two apps.

D. Deploy a new version of your application in App Engine. Then go to App Engine settings in GCP Console

and split traffic between the current version and newly deployed versions accordingly.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 77

You need to provide a cost estimate for a Kubernetes cluster using the GCP pricing calculator for Kubernetes.

Your workload requires high IOPs, and you will also be using disk snapshots. You start by entering the number

of nodes, average hours, and average days. What should you do next?

A. Fill in local SSD. Fill in persistent disk storage and snapshot storage.

B. Fill in local SSD. Add estimated cost for cluster management.

C. Select Add GPUs. Fill in persistent disk storage and snapshot storage.

D. Select Add GPUs. Add estimated cost for cluster management.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/products/calculator#tab=container

Revisada.

QUESTION 78

You are using Google Kubernetes Engine with autoscaling enabled to host a new application. You want to

expose this new application to the public, using HTTPS on a public IP address. What should you do?

A. Create a Kubernetes Service of type NodePort for your application, and a Kubernetes Ingress to expose

this Service via a Cloud Load Balancer.

B. Create a Kubernetes Service of type ClusterIP for your application. Configure the public DNS name of your

application using the IP of this Service.

C. Create a Kubernetes Service of type NodePort to expose the application on port 443 of each node of the

Kubernetes cluster. Configure the public DNS name of your application with the IP of every node of the

cluster to achieve load-balancing.

D. Create a HAProxy pod in the cluster to load-balance the traffic to all the pods of the application. Forward

the public traffic to HAProxy with an iptable rule. Configure the DNS name of your application using the

public IP of the node HAProxy is running on.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/tutorials/http-balancer

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QUESTION 79

You need to enable traffic between multiple groups of Compute Engine instances that are currently running two

different GCP projects. Each group of Compute Engine instances is running in its own VPC. What should you

do?

A. Verify that both projects are in a GCP Organization. Create a new VPC and add all instances.

B. Verify that both projects are in a GCP Organization. Share the VPC from one project and request that the

Compute Engine instances in the other project use this shared VPC.

C. Verify that you are the Project Administrator of both projects. Create two new VPCs and add all instances.

D. Verify that you are the Project Administrator of both projects. Create a new VPC and add all instances.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 80

You want to add a new auditor to a Google Cloud Platform project. The auditor should be allowed to read, but

not modify, all project items.

How should you configure the auditor's permissions?

A. Create a custom role with view-only project permissions. Add the user's account to the custom role.

B. Create a custom role with view-only service permissions. Add the user's account to the custom role.

C. Select the built-in IAM project Viewer role. Add the user's account to this role.

D. Select the built-in IAM service Viewer role. Add the user's account to this role.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/resource-manager/docs/access-control-proj

Revisada.

QUESTION 81

You are operating a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster for your company where different teams can run

non-production workloads. Your Machine Learning (ML) team needs access to Nvidia Tesla P100 GPUs to

train their models. You want to minimize effort and cost. What should you do?

A. Ask your ML team to add the “accelerator: gpu” annotation to their pod specification.

B. Recreate all the nodes of the GKE cluster to enable GPUs on all of them.

C. Create your own Kubernetes cluster on top of Compute Engine with nodes that have GPUs. Dedicate this

cluster to your ML team.

D. Add a new, GPU-enabled, node pool to the GKE cluster. Ask your ML team to add the

cloud.google.com/gke -accelerator: nvidia-tesla-p100 nodeSelector to their pod

specification.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 82

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Your VMs are running in a subnet that has a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240. The current subnet has no

more free IP addresses and you require an additional 10 IP addresses for new VMs. The existing and new

VMs should all be able to reach each other without additional routes. What should you do?

A. Use gcloud to expand the IP range of the current subnet.

B. Delete the subnet, and recreate it using a wider range of IP addresses.

C. Create a new project. Use Shared VPC to share the current network with the new project.

D. Create a new subnet with the same starting IP but a wider range to overwrite the current subnet.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 83

Your organization uses G Suite for communication and collaboration. All users in your organization have a G

Suite account. You want to grant some G Suite users access to your Cloud Platform project. What should you

do?

A. Enable Cloud Identity in the GCP Console for your domain.

B. Grant them the required IAM roles using their G Suite email address.

C. Create a CSV sheet with all users’ email addresses. Use the gcloud command line tool to convert them into

Google Cloud Platform accounts.

D. In the G Suite console, add the users to a special group called cloud-consoleusers@

yourdomain.com. Rely on the default behavior of the Cloud Platform to grant users access if they

are members of this group.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/resource-manager/docs/creating-managing-organization

QUESTION 84

You have a Google Cloud Platform account with access to both production and development projects. You

need to create an automated process to list all compute instances in development and production projects on a

daily basis. What should you do?

A. Create two configurations using gcloud config. Write a script that sets configurations as active,

individually. For each configuration, use gcloud compute instances list to get a list of compute

resources.

B. Create two configurations using gsutil config. Write a script that sets configurations as active,

individually. For each configuration, use gsutil compute instances list to get a list of compute

resources.

C. Go to Cloud Shell and export this information to Cloud Storage on a daily basis.

D. Go to GCP Console and export this information to Cloud SQL on a daily basis.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 85

You have a large 5-TB AVRO file stored in a Cloud Storage bucket. Your analysts are proficient only in SQL

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and need access to the data stored in this file. You want to find a cost-effective way to complete their request

as soon as possible. What should you do?

A. Load data in Cloud Datastore and run a SQL query against it.

B. Create a BigQuery table and load data in BigQuery. Run a SQL query on this table and drop this table after

you complete your request.

C. Create external tables in BigQuery that point to Cloud Storage buckets and run a SQL query on these

external tables to complete your request.

D. Create a Hadoop cluster and copy the AVRO file to NDFS by compressing it. Load the file in a hive table

and provide access to your analysts so that they can run SQL queries.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 86

You need to verify that a Google Cloud Platform service account was created at a particular time. What should

you do?

A. Filter the Activity log to view the Configuration category. Filter the Resource type to Service Account.

B. Filter the Activity log to view the Configuration category. Filter the Resource type to Google Project.

C. Filter the Activity log to view the Data Access category. Filter the Resource type to Service Account.

D. Filter the Activity log to view the Data Access category. Filter the Resource type to Google Project.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 87

You deployed an LDAP server on Compute Engine that is reachable via TLS through port 636 using UDP. You

want to make sure it is reachable by clients over that port. What should you do?

A. Add the network tag allow-udp-636 to the VM instance running the LDAP server.

B. Create a route called allow-udp-636 and set the next hop to be the VM instance running the LDAP

server.

C. Add a network tag of your choice to the instance. Create a firewall rule to allow ingress on UDP port 636 for

that network tag.

D. Add a network tag of your choice to the instance running the LDAP server. Create a firewall rule to allow

egress on UDP port 636 for that network tag.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 88

You need to set a budget alert for use of Compute Engineer services on one of the three Google Cloud

Platform projects that you manage. All three projects are linked to a single billing account. What should you

do?

A. Verify that you are the project billing administrator. Select the associated billing account and create a

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budget and alert for the appropriate project.

B. Verify that you are the project billing administrator. Select the associated billing account and create a

budget and a custom alert.

C. Verify that you are the project administrator. Select the associated billing account and create a budget for

the appropriate project.

D. Verify that you are project administrator. Select the associated billing account and create a budget and a

custom alert.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 89

You are migrating a production-critical on-premises application that requires 96 vCPUs to perform its task. You

want to make sure the application runs in a similar environment on GCP. What should you do?

A. When creating the VM, use machine type n1-standard-96.

B. When creating the VM, use Intel Skylake as the CPU platform.

C. Create the VM using Compute Engine default settings. Use gcloud to modify the running instance to have

96 vCPUs.

D. Start the VM using Compute Engine default settings, and adjust as you go based on Rightsizing

Recommendations.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 90

You want to configure a solution for archiving data in a Cloud Storage bucket. The solution must be costeffective.

Data with multiple versions should be archived after 30 days. Previous versions are accessed once a

month for reporting. This archive data is also occasionally updated at month-end. What should you do?

A. Add a bucket lifecycle rule that archives data with newer versions after 30 days to Coldline Storage.

B. Add a bucket lifecycle rule that archives data with newer versions after 30 days to Nearline Storage.

C. Add a bucket lifecycle rule that archives data from regional storage after 30 days to Coldline Storage.

D. Add a bucket lifecycle rule that archives data from regional storage after 30 days to Nearline Storage.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/managing-lifecycles

QUESTION 91

Your company’s infrastructure is on-premises, but all machines are running at maximum capacity. You want to

burst to Google Cloud. The workloads on Google Cloud must be able to directly communicate to the workloads

on-premises using a private IP range. What should you do?

A. In Google Cloud, configure the VPC as a host for Shared VPC.

B. In Google Cloud, configure the VPC for VPC Network Peering.

C. Create bastion hosts both in your on-premises environment and on Google Cloud. Configure both as proxy

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servers using their public IP addresses.

D. Set up Cloud VPN between the infrastructure on-premises and Google Cloud.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 92

You want to select and configure a solution for storing and archiving data on Google Cloud Platform. You need

to support compliance objectives for data from one geographic location. This data is archived after 30 days and

needs to be accessed annually. What should you do?

A. Select Multi-Regional Storage. Add a bucket lifecycle rule that archives data after 30 days to Coldline

Storage.

B. Select Multi-Regional Storage. Add a bucket lifecycle rule that archives data after 30 days to Nearline

Storage.

C. Select Regional Storage. Add a bucket lifecycle rule that archives data after 30 days to Nearline Storage.

D. Select Regional Storage. Add a bucket lifecycle rule that archives data after 30 days to Coldline Storage.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 93

Your company uses BigQuery for data warehousing. Over time, many different business units in your company

have created 1000+ datasets across hundreds of projects. Your CIO wants you to examine all datasets to find

tables that contain an employee_ssn column. You want to minimize effort in performing this task. What

should you do?

A. Go to Data Catalog and search for employee_ssn in the search box.

B. Write a shell script that uses the bq command line tool to loop through all the projects in your organization.

C. Write a script that loops through all the projects in your organization and runs a query on

INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS view to find the employee_ssn column.

D. Write a Cloud Dataflow job that loops through all the projects in your organization and runs a query on

INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS view to find employee_ssn column.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 94

You create a Deployment with 2 replicas in a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster that has a single preemptible

node pool. After a few minutes, you use kubectl to examine the status of your Pod and observe that one of

them is still in Pending status:

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What is the most likely cause?

A. The pending Pod's resource requests are too large to fit on a single node of the cluster.

B. Too many Pods are already running in the cluster, and there are not enough resources left to schedule the

pending Pod.

C. The node pool is configured with a service account that does not have permission to pull the container

image used by the pending Pod.

D. The pending Pod was originally scheduled on a node that has been preempted between the creation of the

Deployment and your verification of the Pods’ status. It is currently being rescheduled on a new node.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 95

You want to find out when users were added to Cloud Spanner Identity Access Management (IAM) roles on

your Google Cloud project. What should you do in the Cloud Console?

A. Open the Cloud Spanner console to review configurations.

B. Open the IAM & admin console to review IAM policies for Cloud Spanner roles.

C. Go to the Cloud Monitoring console and review information for Cloud Spanner.

D. Go to the Cloud Logging console, review admin activity logs, and filter them for Cloud Spanner IAM roles.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 96

Your company implemented BigQuery as an enterprise data warehouse. Users from multiple business units

run queries on this data warehouse. However, you notice that query costs for BigQuery are very high, and you

need to control costs. Which two methods should you use? (Choose two.)

A. Split the users from business units to multiple projects.

B. Apply a user- or project-level custom query quota for BigQuery data warehouse.

C. Create separate copies of your BigQuery data warehouse for each business unit.

D. Split your BigQuery data warehouse into multiple data warehouses for each business unit.

E. Change your BigQuery query model from on-demand to flat rate. Apply the appropriate number of slots to

each Project.

Correct Answer: BE

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

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QUESTION 97

You are building a product on top of Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). You have a single GKE cluster. For

each of your customers, a Pod is running in that cluster, and your customers can run arbitrary code inside their

Pod. You want to maximize the isolation between your customers’ Pods. What should you do?

A. Use Binary Authorization and whitelist only the container images used by your customers’ Pods.

B. Use the Container Analysis API to detect vulnerabilities in the containers used by your customers’ Pods.

C. Create a GKE node pool with a sandbox type configured to gvisor. Add the parameter

runtimeClassName: gvisor to the specification of your customers’ Pods.

D. Use the cos_containerd image for your GKE nodes. Add a nodeSelector with the value

cloud.google.com/gke-os-distribution: cos_containerd to the specification of your

customers’ Pods.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/sandbox/

QUESTION 98

Your customer has implemented a solution that uses Cloud Spanner and notices some read latency-related

performance issues on one table. This table is accessed only by their users using a primary key. The table

schema is shown below.

You want to resolve the issue. What should you do?

A. Remove the profile_picture field from the table.

B. Add a secondary index on the person_id column.

C. Change the primary key to not have monotonically increasing values.

D. Create a secondary index using the following Data Definition Language (DDL):

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

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Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 99

Your finance team wants to view the billing report for your projects. You want to make sure that the finance

team does not get additional permissions to the project. What should you do?

A. Add the group for the finance team to roles/billing user role.

B. Add the group for the finance team to roles/billing admin role.

C. Add the group for the finance team to roles/billing viewer role.

D. Add the group for the finance team to roles/billing project/Manager role.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 100

Your organization has strict requirements to control access to Google Cloud projects. You need to enable your

Site Reliability Engineers (SREs) to approve requests from the Google Cloud support team when an SRE

opens a support case. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Add your SREs to roles/iam.roleAdmin role.

B. Add your SREs to roles/accessapproval.approver role.

C. Add your SREs to a group and then add this group to roles/iam.roleAdmin.role.

D. Add your SREs to a group and then add this group to roles/accessapproval.approver role.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 101

You need to host an application on a Compute Engine instance in a project shared with other teams. You want

to prevent the other teams from accidentally causing downtime on that application. Which feature should you

use?

A. Use a Shielded VM.

B. Use a Preemptible VM.

C. Use a sole-tenant node.

D. Enable deletion protection on the instance.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 102

Your organization needs to grant users access to query datasets in BigQuery but prevent them from

accidentally deleting the datasets. You want a solution that follows Google-recommended practices. What

should you do?

A. Add users to roles/bigquery user role only, instead of roles/bigquery dataOwner.

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B. Add users to roles/bigquery dataEditor role only, instead of roles/bigquery dataOwner.

C. Create a custom role by removing delete permissions, and add users to that role only.

D. Create a custom role by removing delete permissions. Add users to the group, and then add the group to

the custom role.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 103

You have a developer laptop with the Cloud SDK installed on Ubuntu. The Cloud SDK was installed from the

Google Cloud Ubuntu package repository. You want to test your application locally on your laptop with Cloud

Datastore. What should you do?

A. Export Cloud Datastore data using gcloud datastore export.

B. Create a Cloud Datastore index using gcloud datastore indexes create.

C. Install the google-cloud-sdk-datastore-emulator component using the apt get install

command.

D. Install the cloud-datastore-emulator component using the gcloud components install

command.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 104

Your company set up a complex organizational structure on Google Cloud. The structure includes hundreds of

folders and projects. Only a few team members should be able to view the hierarchical structure. You need to

assign minimum permissions to these team members, and you want to follow Google-recommended practices.

What should you do?

A. Add the users to roles/browser role.

B. Add the users to roles/iam.roleViewer role.

C. Add the users to a group, and add this group to roles/browser.

D. Add the users to a group, and add this group to roles/iam.roleViewer role.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 105

Your company has a single sign-on (SSO) identity provider that supports Security Assertion Markup Language

(SAML) integration with service providers. Your company has users in Cloud Identity. You would like users to

authenticate using your company’s SSO provider. What should you do?

A. In Cloud Identity, set up SSO with Google as an identity provider to access custom SAML apps.

B. In Cloud Identity, set up SSO with a third-party identity provider with Google as a service provider.

C. Obtain OAuth 2.0 credentials, configure the user consent screen, and set up OAuth 2.0 for Mobile &

Desktop Apps.

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D. Obtain OAuth 2.0 credentials, configure the user consent screen, and set up OAuth 2.0 for Web Server

Applications.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 106

Your organization has a dedicated person who creates and manages all service accounts for Google Cloud

projects. You need to assign this person the minimum role for projects. What should you do?

A. Add the user to roles/iam.roleAdmin role.

B. Add the user to roles/iam.securityAdmin role.

C. Add the user to roles/iam.serviceAccountUser role.

D. Add the user to roles/iam.serviceAccountAdmin role.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 107

You are building an archival solution for your data warehouse and have selected Cloud Storage to archive your

data. Your users need to be able to access this archived data once a quarter for some regulatory requirements.

You want to select a cost-efficient option. Which storage option should you use?

A. Cold Storage

B. Nearline Storage

C. Regional Storage

D. Multi-Regional Storage

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Nearline, Coldline, and Archive offer ultra low-cost, highly-durable, highly available archival storage. For data

accessed less than once a year, Archive is a cost-effective storage option for long-term preservation of data.

Coldline is also ideal for cold storage—data your business expects to touch less than once a quarter. For

warmer storage, choose Nearline: data you expect to access less than once a month, but possibly multiple

times throughout the year. All storage classes are available across all GCP regions and provide unparalleled

sub-second access speeds with a consistent API.

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/storage/archival

QUESTION 108

A team of data scientists infrequently needs to use a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster that you

manage. They require GPUs for some long-running, non-restartable jobs. You want to minimize cost. What

should you do?

A. Enable node auto-provisioning on the GKE cluster.

B. Create a VerticalPodAutscaler for those workloads.

C. Create a node pool with preemptible VMs and GPUs attached to those VMs.

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D. Create a node pool of instances with GPUs, and enable autoscaling on this node pool with a minimum size

of 1.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/gpus

QUESTION 109

Your organization has user identities in Active Directory. Your organization wants to use Active Directory as

their source of truth for identities. Your organization wants to have full control over the Google accounts used

by employees for all Google services, including your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) organization. What should

you do?

A. Use Google Cloud Directory Sync (GCDS) to synchronize users into Cloud Identity.

B. Use the cloud Identity APIs and write a script to synchronize users to Cloud Identity.

C. Export users from Active Directory as a CSV and import them to Cloud Identity via the Admin Console.

D. Ask each employee to create a Google account using self signup. Require that each employee use their

company email address and password.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-introduction

QUESTION 110

You have successfully created a development environment in a project for an application. This application uses

Compute Engine and Cloud SQL. Now you need to create a production environment for this application. The

security team has forbidden the existence of network routes between these 2 environments and has asked you

to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Create a new project, enable the Compute Engine and Cloud SQL APIs in that project, and replicate the

setup you have created in the development environment.

B. Create a new production subnet in the existing VPC and a new production Cloud SQL instance in your

existing project, and deploy your application using those resources.

C. Create a new project, modify your existing VPC to be a Shared VPC, share that VPC with your new project,

and replicate the setup you have in the development environment in that new project in the Shared VPC.

D. Ask the security team to grant you the Project Editor role in an existing production project used by another

division of your company. Once they grant you that role, replicate the setup you have in the development

environment in that project.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 111

Your management has asked an external auditor to review all the resources in a specific project. The security

team has enabled the Organization Policy called Domain Restricted Sharing on the organization node by

specifying only your Cloud Identity domain. You want the auditor to only be able to view, but not modify, the

resources in that project. What should you do?

A. Ask the auditor for their Google account, and give them the Viewer role on the project.

B. Ask the auditor for their Google account, and give them the Security Reviewer role on the project.

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C. Create a temporary account for the auditor in Cloud Identity, and give that account the Viewer role on the

project.

D. Create a temporary account for the auditor in Cloud Identity, and give that account the Security Reviewer

role on the project.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 112

You have a workload running on Compute Engine that is critical to your business. You want to ensure that the

data on the boot disk of this workload is backed up regularly. You need to be able to restore a backup as

quickly as possible in case of disaster. You also want older backups to be cleaned automatically to save on

cost. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Create a Cloud Function to create an instance template.

B. Create a snapshot schedule for the disk using the desired interval.

C. Create a cron job to create a new disk from the disk using gcloud.

D. Create a Cloud Task to create an image and export it to Cloud Storage.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 113

You need to assign a Cloud Identity and Access Management (Cloud IAM) role to an external auditor. The

auditor needs to have permissions to review your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Audit Logs and also to review

your Data Access logs. What should you do?

A. Assign the auditor the IAM role roles/logging.privateLogViewer. Perform the export of logs to

Cloud Storage.

B. Assign the auditor the IAM role roles/logging.privateLogViewer. Direct the auditor to also review

the logs for changes to Cloud IAM policy.

C. Assign the auditor’s IAM user to a custom role that has logging.privateLogEntries.list

permission. Perform the export of logs to Cloud Storage.

D. Assign the auditor’s IAM user to a custom role that has logging.privateLogEntries.list

permission. Direct the auditor to also review the logs for changes to Cloud IAM policy.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 114

You are managing several Google Cloud Platform (GCP) projects and need access to all logs for the past 60

days. You want to be able to explore and quickly analyze the log contents. You want to follow Googlerecommended

practices to obtain the combined logs for all projects. What should you do?

A. Navigate to Stackdriver Logging and select resource.labels.project_id="*"

B. Create a Stackdriver Logging Export with a Sink destination to a BigQuery dataset. Configure the table

expiration to 60 days.

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C. Create a Stackdriver Logging Export with a Sink destination to Cloud Storage. Create a lifecycle rule to

delete objects after 60 days.

D. Configure a Cloud Scheduler job to read from Stackdriver and store the logs in BigQuery. Configure the

table expiration to 60 days.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/best-practices-for-working-with-google-cloud-auditlogging

QUESTION 115

You need to reduce GCP service costs for a division of your company using the fewest possible steps. You

need to turn off all configured services in an existing GCP project. What should you do?

A. 1. Verify that you are assigned the Project Owners IAM role for this project.

2. Locate the project in the GCP console, click Shut down and then enter the project ID.

B. 1. Verify that you are assigned the Project Owners IAM role for this project.

2. Switch to the project in the GCP console, locate the resources and delete them.

C. 1. Verify that you are assigned the Organizational Administrator IAM role for this project.

2. Locate the project in the GCP console, enter the project ID and then click Shut down.

D. 1. Verify that you are assigned the Organizational Administrators IAM role for this project.

2. Switch to the project in the GCP console, locate the resources and delete them.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 116

You are configuring service accounts for an application that spans multiple projects. Virtual machines (VMs)

running in the web-applications project need access to BigQuery datasets in crm-databases-proj. You want to

follow Google-recommended practices to give access to the service account in the web-applications project.

What should you do?

A. Give “project owner” for web-applications appropriate roles to crm-databases-proj.

B. Give “project owner” role to crm-databases-proj and the web-applications project.

C. Give “project owner” role to crm-databases-proj and bigquery.dataViewer role to web-applications.

D. Give bigquery.dataViewer role to crm-databases-proj and appropriate roles to web-applications.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/best-practices-for-working-with-google-cloud-auditlogging

QUESTION 117

An employee was terminated, but their access to Google Cloud was not removed until 2 weeks later. You need

to find out if this employee accessed any sensitive customer information after their termination. What should

you do?

A. View System Event Logs in Cloud Logging. Search for the user’s email as the principal.

B. View System Event Logs in Cloud Logging. Search for the service account associated with the user.

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C. View Data Access audit logs in Cloud Logging. Search for the user’s email as the principal.

D. View the Admin Activity log in Cloud Logging. Search for the service account associated with the user.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 118

You need to create a custom IAM role for use with a GCP service. All permissions in the role must be suitable

for production use. You also want to clearly share with your organization the status of the custom role. This will

be the first version of the custom role. What should you do?

A. Use permissions in your role that use the ‘supported’ support level for role permissions. Set the role stage

to ALPHA while testing the role permissions.

B. Use permissions in your role that use the ‘supported’ support level for role permissions. Set the role stage

to BETA while testing the role permissions.

C. Use permissions in your role that use the ‘testing’ support level for role permissions. Set the role stage to

ALPHA while testing the role permissions.

D. Use permissions in your role that use the ‘testing’ support level for role permissions. Set the role stage to

BETA while testing the role permissions.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 119

Your company has a large quantity of unstructured data in different file formats. You want to perform ETL

transformations on the data. You need to make the data accessible on Google Cloud so it can be processed by

a Dataflow job. What should you do?

A. Upload the data to BigQuery using the bq command line tool.

B. Upload the data to Cloud Storage using the gsutil command line tool.

C. Upload the data into Cloud SQL using the import function in the console.

D. Upload the data into Cloud Spanner using the import function in the console.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/performing-etl-from-relational-database-into-bigquery

QUESTION 120

You need to manage multiple Google Cloud projects in the fewest steps possible. You want to configure the

Google Cloud SDK command line interface (CLI) so that you can easily manage multiple projects. What should

you do?

A. 1. Create a configuration for each project you need to manage.

2. Activate the appropriate configuration when you work with each of your assigned Google Cloud projects.

B. 1. Create a configuration for each project you need to manage.

2. Use gcloud init to update the configuration values when you need to work with a non-default project

C. 1. Use the default configuration for one project you need to manage.

2. Activate the appropriate configuration when you work with each of your assigned Google Cloud projects.

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D. 1. Use the default configuration for one project you need to manage.

2. Use gcloud init to update the configuration values when you need to work with a non-default project.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 121

Your managed instance group raised an alert stating that new instance creation has failed to create new

instances. You need to maintain the number of running instances specified by the template to be able to

process expected application traffic. What should you do?

A. Create an instance template that contains valid syntax which will be used by the instance group. Delete any

persistent disks with the same name as instance names.

B. Create an instance template that contains valid syntax that will be used by the instance group. Verify that

the instance name and persistent disk name values are not the same in the template.

C. Verify that the instance template being used by the instance group contains valid syntax. Delete any

persistent disks with the same name as instance names. Set the disks.autoDelete property to true in

the instance template.

D. Delete the current instance template and replace it with a new instance template. Verify that the instance

name and persistent disk name values are not the same in the template. Set the disks.autoDelete

property to true in the instance template.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instance-groups/creating-groups-of-managed-instances

Revisada.

QUESTION 122

Your company is moving from an on-premises environment to Google Cloud. You have multiple development

teams that use Cassandra environments as backend databases. They all need a development environment

that is isolated from other Cassandra instances. You want to move to Google Cloud quickly and with minimal

support effort. What should you do?

A. 1. Build an instruction guide to install Cassandra on Google Cloud.

2. Make the instruction guide accessible to your developers.

B. 1. Advise your developers to go to Cloud Marketplace.

2. Ask the developers to launch a Cassandra image for their development work.

C. 1. Build a Cassandra Compute Engine instance and take a snapshot of it.

2. Use the snapshot to create instances for your developers.

D. 1. Build a Cassandra Compute Engine instance and take a snapshot of it.

2. Upload the snapshot to Cloud Storage and make it accessible to your developers.

3. Build instructions to create a Compute Engine instance from the snapshot so that developers can do it

themselves.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 123

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You have a Compute Engine instance hosting a production application. You want to receive an email if the

instance consumes more than 90% of its CPU resources for more than 15 minutes. You want to use Google

services. What should you do?

A. 1. Create a consumer Gmail account.

2. Write a script that monitors the CPU usage.

3. When the CPU usage exceeds the threshold, have that script send an email using the Gmail account

and smtp.gmail.com on port 25 as SMTP server.

B. 1. Create a Cloud Monitoring Workspace and associate your Google Cloud project with it.

2. Create a Cloud Monitoring Alerting Policy that uses the threshold as a trigger condition.

3. Configure your email address in the notification channel.

C. 1. Create a Cloud Monitoring Workspace and associate your Google Cloud project with it.

2. Write a script that monitors the CPU usage and sends it as a custom metric to Cloud Monitoring.

3. Create an uptime check for the instance in Cloud Monitoring.

D. 1. In Cloud Logging, create a logs-based metric to extract the CPU usage by using this regular expression:

CPU Usage: ([0-9] {1,3})%

2. In Cloud Monitoring, create an Alerting Policy based on this metric.

3. Configure your email address in the notification channel.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 124

You have an application that uses Cloud Spanner as a backend database. The application has a very

predictable traffic pattern. You want to automatically scale up or down the number of Spanner nodes

depending on traffic. What should you do?

A. Create a cron job that runs on a scheduled basis to review Cloud Monitoring metrics, and then resize the

Spanner instance accordingly.

B. Create a Cloud Monitoring alerting policy to send an alert to oncall SRE emails when Cloud Spanner CPU

exceeds the threshold. SREs would scale resources up or down accordingly.

C. Create a Cloud Monitoring alerting policy to send an alert to Google Cloud Support email when Cloud

Spanner CPU exceeds your threshold. Google support would scale resources up or down accordingly.

D. Create a Cloud Monitoring alerting policy to send an alert to webhook when Cloud Spanner CPU is over or

under your threshold. Create a Cloud Function that listens to HTTP and resizes Spanner resources

accordingly.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 125

Your company publishes large files on an Apache web server that runs on a Compute Engine instance. The

Apache web server is not the only application running in the project. You want to receive an email when the

egress network costs for the server exceed 100 dollars for the current month as measured by Google Cloud.

What should you do?

A. Set up a budget alert on the project with an amount of 100 dollars, a threshold of 100%, and notification

type of “email.”

B. Set up a budget alert on the billing account with an amount of 100 dollars, a threshold of 100%, and

notification type of “email.”

C. Export the billing data to BigQuery. Create a Cloud Function that uses BigQuery to sum the egress network

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costs of the exported billing data for the Apache web server for the current month and sends an email if it is

over 100 dollars. Schedule the Cloud Function using Cloud Scheduler to run hourly.

D. Use the Cloud Logging Agent to export the Apache web server logs to Cloud Logging. Create a Cloud

Function that uses BigQuery to parse the HTTP response log data in Cloud Logging for the current month

and sends an email if the size of all HTTP responses, multiplied by current Google Cloud egress prices,

totals over 100 dollars. Schedule the Cloud Function using Cloud Scheduler to run hourly.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 126

You have designed a solution on Google Cloud that uses multiple Google Cloud products. Your company has

asked you to estimate the costs of the solution. You need to provide estimates for the monthly total cost. What

should you do?

A. For each Google Cloud product in the solution, review the pricing details on the products pricing page. Use

the pricing calculator to total the monthly costs for each Google Cloud product.

B. For each Google Cloud product in the solution, review the pricing details on the products pricing page.

Create a Google Sheet that summarizes the expected monthly costs for each product.

C. Provision the solution on Google Cloud. Leave the solution provisioned for 1 week. Navigate to the Billing

Report page in the Cloud Console. Multiply the 1 week cost to determine the monthly costs.

D. Provision the solution on Google Cloud. Leave the solution provisioned for 1 week. Use Cloud Monitoring to

determine the provisioned and used resource amounts. Multiply the 1 week cost to determine the monthly

costs.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 127

You have an application that receives SSL-encrypted TCP traffic on port 443. Clients for this application are

located all over the world. You want to minimize latency for the clients. Which load balancing option should you

use?

A. HTTPS Load Balancer

B. Network Load Balancer

C. SSL Proxy Load Balancer

D. Internal TCP/UDP Load Balancer. Add a firewall rule allowing ingress traffic from 0.0.0.0/0 on the target

instances.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/load-balancing/docs/ssl

QUESTION 128

You have an application on a general-purpose Compute Engine instance that is experiencing excessive disk

read throttling on its Zonal SSD Persistent Disk. The application primarily reads large files from disk. The disk

size is currently 350 GB. You want to provide the maximum amount of throughput while minimizing costs. What

should you do?

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A. Increase the size of the disk to 1 TB.

B. Increase the allocated CPU to the instance.

C. Migrate to use a Local SSD on the instance.

D. Migrate to use a Regional SSD on the instance.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks/performance

QUESTION 129

Your Dataproc cluster runs in a single Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) network in a single subnet with range

172.16.20.128/25. There are no private IP addresses available in the VPC network. You want to add new VMs

to communicate with your cluster using the minimum number of steps. What should you do?

A. Modify the existing subnet range to 172.16.20.0/24.

B. Create a new Secondary IP Range in the VPC and configure the VMs to use that range.

C. Create a new VPC network for the VMs. Enable VPC Peering between the VMs’ VPC network and the

Dataproc cluster VPC network.

D. Create a new VPC network for the VMs with a subnet of 172.32.0.0/16. Enable VPC network Peering

between the Dataproc VPC network and the VMs VPC network. Configure a custom Route exchange.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 130

You manage an App Engine Service that aggregates and visualizes data from BigQuery. The application is

deployed with the default App Engine Service account. The data that needs to be visualized resides in a

different project managed by another team. You do not have access to this project, but you want your

application to be able to read data from the BigQuery dataset. What should you do?

A. Ask the other team to grant your default App Engine Service account the role of BigQuery Job User.

B. Ask the other team to grant your default App Engine Service account the role of BigQuery Data Viewer.

C. In Cloud IAM of your project, ensure that the default App Engine service account has the role of BigQuery

Data Viewer.

D. In Cloud IAM of your project, grant a newly created service account from the other team the role of

BigQuery Job User in your project.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

The Owner, Editor, and Viewer primitive roles include the BigQuery Admin (roles/bigquery.dataOwner),

BigQuery Data Editor (roles/bigquery.dataEditor), and BigQuery Data Viewer (roles/bigquery.dataViewer) roles,

respectively. This means the Owner, Editor, and Viewer primitive roles have BigQuery access as defined for

the respective BigQuery roles.

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/access-control

Revisada.

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QUESTION 131

You need to create a copy of a custom Compute Engine virtual machine (VM) to facilitate an expected increase

in application traffic due to a business acquisition. What should you do?

A. Create a Compute Engine snapshot of your base VM. Create your images from that snapshot.

B. Create a Compute Engine snapshot of your base VM. Create your instances from that snapshot.

C. Create a custom Compute Engine image from a snapshot. Create your images from that image.

D. Create a custom Compute Engine image from a snapshot. Create your instances from that image.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

A custom image belongs only to your project. To create an instance with a custom image, you must first have a

custom image.

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/create-start-instance

QUESTION 132

You have deployed an application on a single Compute Engine instance. The application writes logs to disk.

Users start reporting errors with the application. You want to diagnose the problem. What should you do?

A. Navigate to Cloud Logging and view the application logs.

B. Connect to the instance’s serial console and read the application logs.

C. Configure a Health Check on the instance and set a Low Healthy Threshold value.

D. Install and configure the Cloud Logging Agent and view the logs from Cloud Logging.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 133

An application generates daily reports in a Compute Engine virtual machine (VM). The VM is in the project

corp-iot-insights. Your team operates only in the project corp-aggregate-reports and needs a copy of the daily

exports in the bucket corp-aggregate-reports-storage. You want to configure access so that the daily reports

from the VM are available in the bucket corp-aggregate-reports-storage and use as few steps as possible while

following Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Move both projects under the same folder.

B. Grant the VM Service Account the role Storage Object Creator on corp-aggregate-reports-storage.

C. Create a Shared VPC network between both projects. Grant the VM Service Account the role Storage

Object Creator on corp-iot-insights.

D. Make corp-aggregate-reports-storage public and create a folder with a pseudo-randomized suffix name.

Share the folder with the IoT team.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/billing/docs/onboarding-checklist

Revisada.

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QUESTION 134

You built an application on your development laptop that uses Google Cloud services. Your application uses

Application Default Credentials for authentication and works fine on your development laptop. You want to

migrate this application to a Compute Engine virtual machine (VM) and set up authentication using Googlerecommended

practices and minimal changes. What should you do?

A. Assign appropriate access for Google services to the service account used by the Compute Engine VM.

B. Create a service account with appropriate access for Google services, and configure the application to use

this account.

C. Store credentials for service accounts with appropriate access for Google services in a config file, and

deploy this config file with your application.

D. Store credentials for your user account with appropriate access for Google services in a config file, and

deploy this config file with your application.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/access/create-enable-service-accounts-for-instances

Revisada.

QUESTION 135

You need to create a Compute Engine instance in a new project that doesn’t exist yet. What should you do?

A. Using the Cloud SDK, create a new project, enable the Compute Engine API in that project, and then

create the instance specifying your new project.

B. Enable the Compute Engine API in the Cloud Console, use the Cloud SDK to create the instance, and then

use the --project flag to specify a new project.

C. Using the Cloud SDK, create the new instance, and use the --project flag to specify the new project.

Answer yes when prompted by Cloud SDK to enable the Compute Engine API.

D. Enable the Compute Engine API in the Cloud Console. Go to the Compute Engine section of the Console

to create a new instance, and look for the Create In A New Project option in the creation form.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 136

Your company runs one batch process in an on-premises server that takes around 30 hours to complete. The

task runs monthly, can be performed offline, and must be restarted if interrupted. You want to migrate this

workload to the cloud while minimizing cost. What should you do?

A. Migrate the workload to a Compute Engine Preemptible VM.

B. Migrate the workload to a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster with Preemptible nodes.

C. Migrate the workload to a Compute Engine VM. Start and stop the instance as needed.

D. Create an Instance Template with Preemptible VMs On. Create a Managed Instance Group from the

template and adjust Target CPU Utilization. Migrate the workload.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/tutorials/migrating-node-pool

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QUESTION 137

You are developing a new application and are looking for a Jenkins installation to build and deploy your source

code. You want to automate the installation as quickly and easily as possible. What should you do?

A. Deploy Jenkins through the Google Cloud Marketplace.

B. Create a new Compute Engine instance. Run the Jenkins executable.

C. Create a new Kubernetes Engine cluster. Create a deployment for the Jenkins image.

D. Create an instance template with the Jenkins executable. Create a managed instance group with this

template.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/jenkins-on-kubernetes-engine

QUESTION 138

You have downloaded and installed the gcloud command line interface (CLI) and have authenticated with your

Google Account. Most of your Compute Engine instances in your project run in the europe-west1-d zone. You

want to avoid having to specify this zone with each CLI command when managing these instances. What

should you do?

A. Set the europe-west1-d zone as the default zone using the gcloud config subcommand.

B. In the Settings page for Compute Engine under Default location, set the zone to europe–west1-d.

C. In the CLI installation directory, create a file called default.conf containing zone=europe–west1–d.

D. Create a Metadata entry on the Compute Engine page with key compute/zone and value europe–west1–d.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/gcloud-compute

QUESTION 139

The core business of your company is to rent out construction equipment at large scale. All the equipment that

is being rented out has been equipped with multiple sensors that send event information every few seconds.

These signals can vary from engine status, distance traveled, fuel level, and more. Customers are billed based

on the consumption monitored by these sensors. You expect high throughput – up to thousands of events per

hour per device – and need to retrieve consistent data based on the time of the event. Storing and retrieving

individual signals should be atomic. What should you do?

A. Create a file in Cloud Storage per device and append new data to that file.

B. Create a file in Cloud Filestore per device and append new data to that file.

C. Ingest the data into Datastore. Store data in an entity group based on the device.

D. Ingest the data into Cloud Bigtable. Create a row key based on the event timestamp.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 140

You are asked to set up application performance monitoring on Google Cloud projects A, B, and C as a single

pane of glass. You want to monitor CPU, memory, and disk. What should you do?

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A. Enable the Cloud Monitoring API and then share charts from project A, B, and C.

B. Enable the Cloud Monitoring API and then give the metrics.reader role to projects A, B, and C.

C. Enable the Cloud Monitoring API and then use default dashboards to view all projects in sequence.

D. Enable the Cloud Monitoring API, create a workspace under project A, and then add projects B and C.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 141

You created several resources in multiple Google Cloud projects. All projects are linked to different billing

accounts. To better estimate future charges, you want to have a single visual representation of all costs

incurred. You want to include new cost data as soon as possible. What should you do?

A. Configure Billing Data Export to BigQuery and visualize the data in Data Studio.

B. Visit the Cost Table page to get a CSV export and visualize it using Data Studio.

C. Fill all resources in the Pricing Calculator to get an estimate of the monthly cost.

D. Use the Reports view in the Cloud Billing Console to view the desired cost information.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/billing/docs/how-to/visualize-data

QUESTION 142

Your company has workloads running on Compute Engine and on-premises. The Google Cloud Virtual Private

Cloud (VPC) is connected to your WAN over a Virtual Private Network (VPN). You need to deploy a new

Compute Engine instance and ensure that no public Internet traffic can be routed to it. What should you do?

A. Create the instance without a public IP address.

B. Create the instance with Private Google Access enabled.

C. Create a deny-all egress firewall rule on the VPC network.

D. Create a route on the VPC to route all traffic to the instance over the VPN tunnel.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Explanation:

Get private access to Google services, such as storage, big data, analytics, or machine learning, without

having to give your service a public IP address.

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/vpc

Revisada.

QUESTION 143

Your team maintains the infrastructure for your organization. The current infrastructure requires changes. You

need to share your proposed changes with the rest of the team. You want to follow Google’s recommended

best practices. What should you do?

A. Use Deployment Manager templates to describe the proposed changes and store them in a Cloud Storage

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bucket.

B. Use Deployment Manager templates to describe the proposed changes and store them in Cloud Source

Repositories.

C. Apply the changes in a development environment, run gcloud compute instances list, and then save the

output in a shared Storage bucket.

D. Apply the changes in a development environment, run gcloud compute instances list, and then save the

output in Cloud Source Repositories.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 144

You have a Compute Engine instance hosting an application used between 9 AM and 6 PM on weekdays. You

want to back up this instance daily for disaster recovery purposes. You want to keep the backups for 30 days.

You want the Google-recommended solution with the least management overhead and the least number of

services. What should you do?

A. 1. Update your instances’ metadata to add the following value: snapshot–schedule: 0 1 * * *

2. Update your instances’ metadata to add the following value: snapshot–retention: 30

B. 1. In the Cloud Console, go to the Compute Engine Disks page and select your instance’s disk.

2. In the Snapshot Schedule section, select Create Schedule and configure the following parameters:

- Schedule frequency: Daily

- Start time: 1:00 AM – 2:00 AM

- Autodelete snapshots after: 30 days

C. 1. Create a Cloud Function that creates a snapshot of your instance’s disk.

2. Create a Cloud Function that deletes snapshots that are older than 30 days.

3. Use Cloud Scheduler to trigger both Cloud Functions daily at 1:00 AM.

D. 1. Create a bash script in the instance that copies the content of the disk to Cloud Storage.

2. Create a bash script in the instance that deletes data older than 30 days in the backup Cloud Storage

bucket.

3. Configure the instance’s crontab to execute these scripts daily at 1:00 AM.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 145

Your existing application running in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) consists of multiple pods running on four

GKE n1–standard–2 nodes. You need to deploy additional pods requiring n2–highmem–16 nodes without any

downtime. What should you do?

A. Use gcloud container clusters upgrade. Deploy the new services.

B. Create a new Node Pool and specify machine type n2–highmem–16. Deploy the new pods.

C. Create a new cluster with n2–highmem–16 nodes. Redeploy the pods and delete the old cluster.

D. Create a new cluster with both n1–standard–2 and n2–highmem–16 nodes. Redeploy the pods and delete

the old cluster.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

QUESTION 146

You have an application that uses Cloud Spanner as a database backend to keep current state information

about users. Cloud Bigtable logs all events triggered by users. You export Cloud Spanner data to Cloud

Storage during daily backups. One of your analysts asks you to join data from Cloud Spanner and Cloud

Bigtable for specific users. You want to complete this ad hoc request as efficiently as possible. What should

you do?

A. Create a dataflow job that copies data from Cloud Bigtable and Cloud Storage for specific users.

B. Create a dataflow job that copies data from Cloud Bigtable and Cloud Spanner for specific users.

C. Create a Cloud Dataproc cluster that runs a Spark job to extract data from Cloud Bigtable and Cloud

Storage for specific users.

D. Create two separate BigQuery external tables on Cloud Storage and Cloud Bigtable. Use the BigQuery

console to join these tables through user fields, and apply appropriate filters.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 147

You are hosting an application from Compute Engine virtual machines (VMs) in us–central1–a. You want to

adjust your design to support the failure of a single Compute Engine zone, eliminate downtime, and minimize

cost. What should you do?

A. – Create Compute Engine resources in us–central1–b.

– Balance the load across both us–central1–a and us–central1–b.

B. – Create a Managed Instance Group and specify us–central1–a as the zone.

– Configure the Health Check with a short Health Interval.

C. – Create an HTTP(S) Load Balancer.

– Create one or more global forwarding rules to direct traffic to your VMs.

D. – Perform regular backups of your application.

– Create a Cloud Monitoring Alert and be notified if your application becomes unavailable.

– Restore from backups when notified.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 148

A colleague handed over a Google Cloud Platform project for you to maintain. As part of a security checkup,

you want to review who has been granted the Project Owner role. What should you do?

A. In the Google Cloud console, validate which SSH keys have been stored as project-wide keys.

B. Navigate to Identity-Aware Proxy and check the permissions for these resources.

C. Enable Audit Logs on the IAM & admin page for all resources, and validate the results.

D. Use the gcloud projects get–iam–policy command to view the current role assignments.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

QUESTION 149

You are running multiple VPC-native Google Kubernetes Engine clusters in the same subnet. The IPs available

for the nodes are exhausted, and you want to ensure that the clusters can grow in nodes when needed. What

should you do?

A. Create a new subnet in the same region as the subnet being used.

B. Add an alias IP range to the subnet used by the GKE clusters.

C. Create a new VPC, and set up VPC peering with the existing VPC.

D. Expand the CIDR range of the relevant subnet for the cluster.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 150

You have a batch workload that runs every night and uses a large number of virtual machines (VMs). It is faulttolerant

and can tolerate some of the VMs being terminated. The current cost of VMs is too high. What should

you do?

A. Run a test using simulated maintenance events. If the test is successful, use preemptible N1 Standard VMs

when running future jobs.

B. Run a test using simulated maintenance events. If the test is successful, use N1 Standard VMs when

running future jobs.

C. Run a test using a managed instance group. If the test is successful, use N1 Standard VMs in the managed

instance group when running future jobs.

D. Run a test using N1 standard VMs instead of N2. If the test is successful, use N1 Standard VMs when

running future jobs.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/vm-instance-pricing

Revisada.

QUESTION 151

You are working with a user to set up an application in a new VPC behind a firewall. The user is concerned

about data egress. You want to configure the fewest open egress ports. What should you do?

A. Set up a low-priority (65534) rule that blocks all egress and a high-priority rule (1000) that allows only the

appropriate ports.

B. Set up a high-priority (1000) rule that pairs both ingress and egress ports.

C. Set up a high-priority (1000) rule that blocks all egress and a low-priority (65534) rule that allows only the

appropriate ports.

D. Set up a high-priority (1000) rule to allow the appropriate ports.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

QUESTION 152

Your company runs its Linux workloads on Compute Engine instances. Your company will be working with a

new operations partner that does not use Google Accounts. You need to grant access to the instances to your

operations partner so they can maintain the installed tooling. What should you do?

A. Enable Cloud IAP for the Compute Engine instances, and add the operations partner as a Cloud IAP

Tunnel User.

B. Tag all the instances with the same network tag. Create a firewall rule in the VPC to grant TCP access on

port 22 for traffic from the operations partner to instances with the network tag.

C. Set up Cloud VPN between your Google Cloud VPC and the internal network of the operations partner.

D. Ask the operations partner to generate SSH key pairs, and add the public keys to the VM instances.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 153

You have created a code snippet that should be triggered whenever a new file is uploaded to a Cloud Storage

bucket. You want to deploy this code snippet. What should you do?

A. Use App Engine and configure Cloud Scheduler to trigger the application using Pub/Sub.

B. Use Cloud Functions and configure the bucket as a trigger resource.

C. Use Google Kubernetes Engine and configure a CronJob to trigger the application using Pub/Sub.

D. Use Dataflow as a batch job, and configure the bucket as a data source.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 154

You have been asked to set up Object Lifecycle Management for objects stored in storage buckets. The

objects are written once and accessed frequently for 30 days. After 30 days, the objects are not read again

unless there is a special need. The objects should be kept for three years, and you need to minimize cost.

What should you do?

A. Set up a policy that uses Nearline storage for 30 days and then moves to Archive storage for three years.

B. Set up a policy that uses Standard storage for 30 days and then moves to Archive storage for three years.

C. Set up a policy that uses Nearline storage for 30 days, then moves the Coldline for one year, and then

moves to Archive storage for two years.

D. Set up a policy that uses Standard storage for 30 days, then moves to Coldline for one year, and then

moves to Archive storage for two years.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=q0nhDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA52&lpg=PA52&dq=Set+up+a

+policy+that+uses+Nearline+storage+for+30+days+and+then+moves+to+Archive+storage+for+three

+years.&source=bl&ots=kYLZN1ymA8&sig=ACfU3U2XLmzQ39cmPDwjfWxRbNtDNLc_6g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=

2ahUKEwjZmefOpr7qAhVzQkEAHTUgASYQ6AEwAHoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=Set%20up%20a%20policy

%20that%20uses%20Nearline%20storage%20for%2030%20days%20and%20then%20moves%20to%

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

20Archive%20storage%20for%20three%20years.&f=false

Revisada.

QUESTION 155

You are storing sensitive information in a Cloud Storage bucket. For legal reasons, you need to be able to

record all requests that read any of the stored data. You want to make sure you comply with these

requirements. What should you do?

A. Enable the Identity Aware Proxy API on the project.

B. Scan the bucket using the Data Loss Prevention API.

C. Allow only a single Service Account access to read the data.

D. Enable Data Access audit logs for the Cloud Storage API.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/audit-logs

QUESTION 156

You are the team lead of a group of 10 developers. You provided each developer with an individual Google

Cloud Project that they can use as their personal sandbox to experiment with different Google Cloud solutions.

You want to be notified if any of the developers are spending above $500 per month on their sandbox

environment. What should you do?

A. Create a single budget for all projects and configure budget alerts on this budget.

B. Create a separate billing account per sandbox project and enable BigQuery billing exports. Create a Data

Studio dashboard to plot the spending per billing account.

C. Create a budget per project and configure budget alerts on all of these budgets.

D. Create a single billing account for all sandbox projects and enable BigQuery billing exports. Create a Data

Studio dashboard to plot the spending per project.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/billing/docs/how-to/budgets

QUESTION 157

You are deploying a production application on Compute Engine. You want to prevent anyone from accidentally

destroying the instance by clicking the wrong button. What should you do?

A. Disable the flag “Delete boot disk when instance is deleted.”

B. Enable deletion protection on the instance.

C. Disable Automatic restart on the instance.

D. Enable Preemptibility on the instance.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://googlecloudplatform.uservoice.com/forums/302595-compute-engine/suggestions/14227521-

set-delete-boot-disk-when-instance-is-deleted-to

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

QUESTION 158

Your company uses a large number of Google Cloud services centralized in a single project. All teams have

specific projects for testing and development. The DevOps team needs access to all of the production services

in order to perform their job. You want to prevent Google Cloud product changes from broadening their

permissions in the future. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Grant all members of the DevOps team the role of Project Editor on the organization level.

B. Grant all members of the DevOps team the role of Project Editor on the production project.

C. Create a custom role that combines the required permissions. Grant the DevOps team the custom role on

the production project.

D. Create a custom role that combines the required permissions. Grant the DevOps team the custom role on

the organization level.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 159

You are building an application that processes data files uploaded from thousands of suppliers. Your primary

goals for the application are data security and the expiration of aged data. You need to design the application

to:

• Restrict access so that suppliers can access only their own data.

• Give suppliers write access to data only for 30 minutes.

• Delete data that is over 45 days old.

You have a very short development cycle, and you need to make sure that the application requires minimal

maintenance. Which two strategies should you use? (Choose two.)

A. Build a lifecycle policy to delete Cloud Storage objects after 45 days.

B. Use signed URLs to allow suppliers limited time access to store their objects.

C. Set up an SFTP server for your application, and create a separate user for each supplier.

D. Build a Cloud function that triggers a timer of 45 days to delete objects that have expired.

E. Develop a script that loops through all Cloud Storage buckets and deletes any buckets that are older than

45 days.

Correct Answer: AB

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 160

Your company wants to standardize the creation and management of multiple Google Cloud resources using

Infrastructure as Code. You want to minimize the amount of repetitive code needed to manage the

environment. What should you do?

A. Develop templates for the environment using Cloud Deployment Manager.

B. Use curl in a terminal to send a REST request to the relevant Google API for each individual resource.

C. Use the Cloud Console interface to provision and manage all related resources.

D. Create a bash script that contains all requirement steps as gcloud commands.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/deployment-manager/docs/fundamentals (see templates)

QUESTION 161

You are performing a monthly security check of your Google Cloud environment and want to know who has

access to view data stored in your Google Cloud Project. What should you do?

A. Enable Audit Logs for all APIs that are related to data storage.

B. Review the IAM permissions for any role that allows for data access.

C. Review the Identity-Aware Proxy settings for each resource.

D. Create a Data Loss Prevention job.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/access

QUESTION 162

Your company has embraced a hybrid cloud strategy where some of the applications are deployed on Google

Cloud. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) tunnel connects your Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in Google Cloud with

your company’s on-premises network. Multiple applications in Google Cloud need to connect to an onpremises

database server, and you want to avoid having to change the IP configuration in all of your

applications when the IP of the database changes. What should you do?

A. Configure Cloud NAT for all subnets of your VPC to be used when egressing from the VM instances.

B. Create a private zone on Cloud DNS, and configure the applications with the DNS name.

C. Configure the IP of the database as custom metadata for each instance, and query the metadata server.

D. Query the Compute Engine internal DNS from the applications to retrieve the IP of the database.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 163

You have developed a containerized web application that will serve internal colleagues during business hours.

You want to ensure that no costs are incurred outside of the hours the application is used. You have just

created a new Google Cloud project and want to deploy the application. What should you do?

A. Deploy the container on Cloud Run for Anthos, and set the minimum number of instances to zero.

B. Deploy the container on Cloud Run (fully managed), and set the minimum number of instances to zero.

C. Deploy the container on App Engine flexible environment with autoscaling, and set the value

min_instances to zero in the app.yaml.

D. Deploy the container on App Engine flexible environment with manual scaling, and set the value

instances to zero in the app.yaml.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 164

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

You have experimented with Google Cloud using your own credit card and expensed the costs to your

company. Your company wants to streamline the billing process and charge the costs of your projects to their

monthly invoice. What should you do?

A. Grant the financial team the IAM role of “Billing Account User” on the billing account linked to your credit

card.

B. Set up BigQuery billing export and grant your financial department IAM access to query the data.

C. Create a ticket with Google Billing Support to ask them to send the invoice to your company.

D. Change the billing account of your projects to the billing account of your company.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 165

You are running a data warehouse on BigQuery. A partner company is offering a recommendation engine

based on the data in your data warehouse. The partner company is also running their application on Google

Cloud. They manage the resources in their own project, but they need access to the BigQuery dataset in your

project. You want to provide the partner company with access to the dataset. What should you do?

A. Create a Service Account in your own project, and grant this Service Account access to BigQuery in your

project.

B. Create a Service Account in your own project, and ask the partner to grant this Service Account access to

BigQuery in their project.

C. Ask the partner to create a Service Account in their project, and have them give the Service Account

access to BigQuery in their project.

D. Ask the partner to create a Service Account in their project, and grant their Service Account access to the

BigQuery dataset in your project.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 166

Your web application has been running successfully on Cloud Run for Anthos. You want to evaluate an

updated version of the application with a specific percentage of your production users (canary deployment).

What should you do?

A. Create a new service with the new version of the application. Split traffic between this version and the

version that is currently running.

B. Create a new revision with the new version of the application. Split traffic between this version and the

version that is currently running.

C. Create a new service with the new version of the application. Add an HTTP Load Balancer in front of both

services.

D. Create a new revision with the new version of the application. Add an HTTP Load Balancer in front of both

revisions.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

QUESTION 167

Your company developed a mobile game that is deployed on Google Cloud. Gamers are connecting to the

game with their personal phones over the Internet. The game sends UDP packets to update the servers about

the gamers’ actions while they are playing in multiplayer mode. Your game backend can scale over multiple

virtual machines (VMs), and you want to expose the VMs over a single IP address. What should you do?

A. Configure an SSL Proxy load balancer in front of the application servers.

B. Configure an Internal UDP load balancer in front of the application servers.

C. Configure an External HTTP(s) load balancer in front of the application servers.

D. Configure an External Network load balancer in front of the application servers.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/connecting-securely

Revisada.

QUESTION 168

You are working for a hospital that stores its medical images in an on-premises data room. The hospital wants

to use Cloud Storage for archival storage of these images. The hospital wants an automated process to upload

any new medical images to Cloud Storage. You need to design and implement a solution. What should you

do?

A. Create a Pub/Sub topic, and enable a Cloud Storage trigger for the Pub/Sub topic. Create an application

that sends all medical images to the Pub/Sub topic.

B. Deploy a Dataflow job from the batch template, “Datastore to Cloud Storage.” Schedule the batch job on

the desired interval.

C. Create a script that uses the gsutil command line interface to synchronize the on-premises storage with

Cloud Storage. Schedule the script as a cron job.

D. In the Cloud Console, go to Cloud Storage. Upload the relevant images to the appropriate bucket.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 169

Your auditor wants to view your organization’s use of data in Google Cloud. The auditor is most interested in

auditing who accessed data in Cloud Storage buckets. You need to help the auditor access the data they need.

What should you do?

A. Turn on Data Access Logs for the buckets they want to audit, and then build a query in the log viewer that

filters on Cloud Storage.

B. Assign the appropriate permissions, and then create a Data Studio report on Admin Activity Audit Logs.

C. Assign the appropriate permissions, and then use Cloud Monitoring to review metrics.

D. Use the export logs API to provide the Admin Activity Audit Logs in the format they want.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/audit-logging

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Revisada.

QUESTION 170

You received a JSON file that contained a private key of a Service Account in order to get access to several

resources in a Google Cloud project. You downloaded and installed the Cloud SDK and want to use this private

key for authentication and authorization when performing gcloud commands. What should you do?

A. Use the command gcloud auth login and point it to the private key.

B. Use the command gcloud auth activate-service-account and point it to the private key.

C. Place the private key file in the installation directory of the Cloud SDK and rename it to “credentials.json”.

D. Place the private key file in your home directory and rename it to

“GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS”.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/sdk/docs/authorizing

QUESTION 171

You are working with a Cloud SQL MySQL database at your company. You need to retain a month-end copy of

the database for three years for audit purposes. What should you do?

A. Set up an export job for the first of the month. Write the export file to an Archive class Cloud Storage

bucket.

B. Save the automatic first-of-the-month backup for three years. Store the backup file in an Archive class

Cloud Storage bucket.

C. Set up an on-demand backup for the first of the month. Write the backup to an Archive class Cloud Storage

bucket.

D. Convert the automatic first-of-the-month backup to an export file. Write the export file to a Coldline class

Cloud Storage bucket.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 172

You are monitoring an application and receive user feedback that a specific error is spiking. You notice that the

error is caused by a Service Account having insufficient permissions. You are able to solve the problem but

want to be notified if the problem recurs. What should you do?

A. In the Log Viewer, filter the logs on severity ‘Error’ and the name of the Service Account.

B. Create a sink to BigQuery to export all the logs. Create a Data Studio dashboard on the exported logs.

C. Create a custom log-based metric for the specific error to be used in an Alerting Policy.

D. Grant Project Owner access to the Service Account.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 173

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

You are developing a financial trading application that will be used globally. Data is stored and queried using a

relational structure, and clients from all over the world should get the exact identical state of the data. The

application will be deployed in multiple regions to provide the lowest latency to end users. You need to select a

storage option for the application data while minimizing latency. What should you do?

A. Use Cloud Bigtable for data storage.

B. Use Cloud SQL for data storage.

C. Use Cloud Spanner for data storage.

D. Use Firestore for data storage.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/best-practices-compute-engine-region-selection

QUESTION 174

You are about to deploy a new Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system on Google Cloud. The application

holds the full database in-memory for fast data access, and you need to configure the most appropriate

resources on Google Cloud for this application. What should you do?

A. Provision preemptible Compute Engine instances.

B. Provision Compute Engine instances with GPUs attached.

C. Provision Compute Engine instances with local SSDs attached.

D. Provision Compute Engine instances with M1 machine type.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 175

You have developed an application that consists of multiple microservices, with each microservice packaged in

its own Docker container image. You want to deploy the entire application on Google Kubernetes Engine so

that each microservice can be scaled individually. What should you do?

A. Create and deploy a Custom Resource Definition per microservice.

B. Create and deploy a Docker Compose File.

C. Create and deploy a Job per microservice.

D. Create and deploy a Deployment per microservice.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 176

You will have several applications running on different Compute Engine instances in the same project. You

want to specify at a more granular level the service account each instance uses when calling Google Cloud

APIs. What should you do?

A. When creating the instances, specify a Service Account for each instance.

B. When creating the instances, assign the name of each Service Account as instance metadata.

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

C. After starting the instances, use gcloud compute instances update to specify a Service Account for

each instance.

D. After starting the instances, use gcloud compute instances update to assign the name of the

relevant Service Account as instance metadata.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 177

You are creating an application that will run on Google Kubernetes Engine. You have identified MongoDB as

the most suitable database system for your application and want to deploy a managed MongoDB environment

that provides a support SLA. What should you do?

A. Create a Cloud Bigtable cluster, and use the HBase API.

B. Deploy MongoDB Atlas from the Google Cloud Marketplace.

C. Download a MongoDB installation package, and run it on Compute Engine instances.

D. Download a MongoDB installation package, and run it on a Managed Instance Group.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 178

You are managing a project for the Business Intelligence (BI) department in your company. A data pipeline

ingests data into BigQuery via streaming. You want the users in the BI department to be able to run the custom

SQL queries against the latest data in BigQuery. What should you do?

A. Create a Data Studio dashboard that uses the related BigQuery tables as a source and give the BI team

view access to the Data Studio dashboard.

B. Create a Service Account for the BI team and distribute a new private key to each member of the BI team.

C. Use Cloud Scheduler to schedule a batch Dataflow job to copy the data from BigQuery to the BI team’s

internal data warehouse.

D. Assign the IAM role of BigQuery User to a Google Group that contains the members of the BI team.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 179

Your company is moving its entire workload to Compute Engine. Some servers should be accessible through

the Internet, and other servers should only be accessible over the internal network. All servers need to be able

to talk to each other over specific ports and protocols. The current on-premises network relies on a

demilitarized zone (DMZ) for the public servers and a Local Area Network (LAN) for the private servers. You

need to design the networking infrastructure on Google Cloud to match these requirements. What should you

do?

A. 1. Create a single VPC with a subnet for the DMZ and a subnet for the LAN.

2. Set up firewall rules to open up relevant traffic between the DMZ and the LAN subnets, and another

firewall rule to allow public ingress traffic for the DMZ.

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

B. 1. Create a single VPC with a subnet for the DMZ and a subnet for the LAN.

2. Set up firewall rules to open up relevant traffic between the DMZ and the LAN subnets, and another

firewall rule to allow public egress traffic for the DMZ.

C. 1. Create a VPC with a subnet for the DMZ and another VPC with a subnet for the LAN.

2. Set up firewall rules to open up relevant traffic between the DMZ and the LAN subnets, and another

firewall rule to allow public ingress traffic for the DMZ.

D. 1. Create a VPC with a subnet for the DMZ and another VPC with a subnet for the LAN.

2. Set up firewall rules to open up relevant traffic between the DMZ and the LAN subnets, and another

firewall rule to allow public egress traffic for the DMZ.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 180

You have just created a new project which will be used to deploy a globally distributed application. You will use

Cloud Spanner for data storage. You want to create a Cloud Spanner instance. You want to perform the first

step in preparation of creating the instance. What should you do?

A. Enable the Cloud Spanner API.

B. Configure your Cloud Spanner instance to be multi-regional.

C. Create a new VPC network with subnetworks in all desired regions.

D. Grant yourself the IAM role of Cloud Spanner Admin.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/instances

QUESTION 181

You have created a new project in Google Cloud through the gcloud command line interface (CLI) and linked a

billing account. You need to create a new Compute Engine instance using the CLI. You need to perform the

prerequisite steps. What should you do?

A. Create a Cloud Monitoring Workspace.

B. Create a VPC network in the project.

C. Enable the compute.googleapis.com API.

D. Grant yourself the IAM role of Computer Admin.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://isb-cancer-genomics-cloud.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sections/gcp-info/gcp-info2/

LaunchVM.html

QUESTION 182

Your company has developed a new application that consists of multiple microservices. You want to deploy the

application to Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), and you want to ensure that the cluster can scale as more

applications are deployed in the future. You want to avoid manual intervention when each new application is

deployed. What should you do?

A. Deploy the application on GKE, and add a HorizontalPodAutoscaler to the deployment.

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

B. Deploy the application on GKE, and add a VerticalPodAutoscaler to the deployment.

C. Create a GKE cluster with autoscaling enabled on the node pool. Set a minimum and maximum for the size

of the node pool.

D. Create a separate node pool for each application, and deploy each application to its dedicated node pool.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 183

You need to manage a third-party application that will run on a Compute Engine instance. Other Compute

Engine instances are already running with default configuration. Application installation files are hosted on

Cloud Storage. You need to access these files from the new instance without allowing other virtual machines

(VMs) to access these files. What should you do?

A. Create the instance with the default Compute Engine service account. Grant the service account

permissions on Cloud Storage.

B. Create the instance with the default Compute Engine service account. Add metadata to the objects on

Cloud Storage that matches the metadata on the new instance.

C. Create a new service account and assign this service account to the new instance. Grant the service

account permissions on Cloud Storage.

D. Create a new service account and assign this service account to the new instance. Add metadata to the

objects on Cloud Storage that matches the metadata on the new instance.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 184

You need to configure optimal data storage for files stored in Cloud Storage for minimal cost. The files are

used in a mission-critical analytics pipeline that is used continually. The users are in Boston, MA (United

States). What should you do?

A. Configure regional storage for the region closest to the users. Configure a Nearline storage class.

B. Configure regional storage for the region closest to the users. Configure a Standard storage class.

C. Configure dual-regional storage for the dual region closest to the users. Configure a Nearline storage class.

D. Configure dual-regional storage for the dual region closest to the users. Configure a Standard storage

class.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 185

You are developing a new web application that will be deployed on Google Cloud Platform. As part of your

release cycle, you want to test updates to your application on a small portion of real user traffic. The majority of

the users should still be directed towards a stable version of your application. What should you do?

A. Deploy the application on App Engine. For each update, create a new version of the same service.

Configure traffic splitting to send a small percentage of traffic to the new version.

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B. Deploy the application on App Engine. For each update, create a new service. Configure traffic splitting to

send a small percentage of traffic to the new service.

C. Deploy the application on Kubernetes Engine. For a new release, update the deployment to use the new

version.

D. Deploy the application on Kubernetes Engine. For a new release, create a new deployment for the new

version. Update the service to use the new deployment.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/admin-api/migrating-splitting-traffic

QUESTION 186

You need to add a group of new users to Cloud Identity. Some of the users already have existing Google

accounts. You want to follow one of Google’s recommended practices and avoid

conflicting accounts. What should you do?

A. Invite the user to transfer their existing account.

B. Invite the user to use an email alias to resolve the conflict.

C. Tell the user that they must delete their existing account.

D. Tell the user to remove all personal email from the existing account.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://support.google.com/cloudidentity/answer/7332836?hl=en

QUESTION 187

You need to manage a Cloud Spanner instance for best query performance. Your instance in production runs

in a single Google Cloud region. You need to improve performance in the shortest amount of time. You want to

follow Google best practices for service configuration. What should you do?

A. Create an alert in Cloud Monitoring to alert when the percentage of high priority CPU utilization reaches

45%. If you exceed this threshold, add nodes to your instance.

B. Create an alert in Cloud Monitoring to alert when the percentage of high priority CPU utilization reaches

45%. Use database query statistics to identify queries that result in high CPU usage, and then rewrite those

queries to optimize their resource usage.

C. Create an alert in Cloud Monitoring to alert when the percentage of high priority CPU utilization reaches

65%. If you exceed this threshold, add nodes to your instance.

D. Create an alert in Cloud Monitoring to alert when the percentage of high priority CPU utilization reaches

65%. Use database query statistics to identify queries that result in high CPU usage, and then rewrite those

queries to optimize their resource usage.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/instances

QUESTION 188

Your company has an internal application for managing transactional orders. The application is used

exclusively by employees in a single physical location. The application requires strong consistency, fast

queries, and ACID guarantees for multi-table transactional updates. The first version of the application is

implemented in PostgreSQL, and you want to deploy it to the cloud with minimal code changes. Which

database is most appropriate for this application?

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A. BigQuery

B. Cloud SQL

C. Cloud Spanner

D. Cloud Datastore

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/transactions

QUESTION 189

You are assigned to maintain a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster named ‘dev’ that was deployed on

Google Cloud. You want to manage the GKE configuration using the command line interface (CLI). You have

just downloaded and installed the Cloud SDK. You want to ensure that future CLI commands by default

address this specific cluster. What should you do?

A. Use the command gcloud config set container/cluster dev.

B. Use the command gcloud container clusters update dev.

C. Create a file called gke.default in the ~/.gcloud folder that contains the cluster name.

D. Create a file called defaults.json in the ~/.gcloud folder that contains the cluster name.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/cluster-access-for-kubectl#gcloud-config

QUESTION 190

The sales team has a project named Sales Data Digest that has the ID acme-data-digest. You need to set up

similar Google Cloud resources for the marketing team but their resources must be

organized independently of the sales team. What should you do?

A. Grant the Project Editor role to the Marketing team for acme-data-digest.

B. Create a Project Lien on acme-data-digest and then grant the Project Editor role to the Marketing team.

C. Create another project with the ID acme-marketing-data-digest for the Marketing team and deploy the

resources there.

D. Create a new project named Marketing Data Digest and use the ID acme-data-digest. Grant the Project

Editor role to the Marketing team.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 191

You have deployed multiple Linux instances on Compute Engine. You plan on adding more instances in the

coming weeks. You want to be able to access all of these instances through your SSH client over the internet

without having to configure specific access on the existing and new instances. You do not want the Compute

Engine instances to have a public IP. What should you do?

A. Configure Cloud Identity-Aware Proxy for HTTPS resources.

B. Configure Cloud Identity-Aware Proxy for SSH and TCP resources

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C. Create an SSH keypair and store the public key as a project-wide SSH Key.

D. Create an SSH keypair and store the private key as a project-wide SSH Key.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 192

You have created an application that is packaged into a Docker image. You want to deploy the Docker image

as a workload on Google Kubernetes Engine. What should you do?

A. Upload the image to Cloud Storage and create a Kubernetes Service referencing the image.

B. Upload the image to Cloud Storage and create a Kubernetes Deployment referencing the image.

C. Upload the image to Container Registry and create a Kubernetes Service referencing the image.

D. Upload the image to Container Registry and create a Kubernetes Deployment referencing the image.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Reference: https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/tutorials/hello-app

QUESTION 193

You are using Data Studio to visualize a table from your data warehouse that is built on top of BigQuery. Data

is appended to the data warehouse during the day. At night, the daily summary is recalculated by overwriting

the table. You just noticed that the charts in Data Studio are broken, and you want to analyze the problem.

What should you do?

A. Review the Error Reporting page in the Cloud Console to find any errors.

B. Use the BigQuery interface to review the nightly job and look for any errors.

C. Use Cloud Debugger to find out why the data was not refreshed correctly.

D. In Cloud Logging, create a filter for your Data Studio report.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 194

You have been asked to set up the billing configuration for a new Google Cloud customer. Your customer

wants to group resources that share common IAM policies. What should you do?

A. Use labels to group resources that share common IAM policies.

B. Use folders to group resources that share common IAM policies.

C. Set up a proper billing account structure to group IAM policies.

D. Set up a proper project naming structure to group IAM policies.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

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QUESTION 195

You have been asked to create robust Virtual Private Network (VPN) connectivity between a new Virtual

Private Cloud (VPC) and a remote site. Key requirements include dynamic routing, a shared address space of

10.19.0.1/22, and no overprovisioning of tunnels during a failover event. You want to follow Googlerecommended

practices to set up a high availability Cloud VPN. What should you do?

A. Use a custom mode VPC network, configure static routes, and use active/passive routing.

B. Use an automatic mode VPC network, configure static routes, and use active/active routing.

C. Use a custom mode VPC network, use Cloud Router border gateway protocol (BGP) routes, and use

active/passive routing.

D. Use an automatic mode VPC network, use Cloud Router border gateway protocol (BGP) routes, and

configure policy-based routing.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 196

You are running multiple microservices in a Kubernetes Engine cluster. One microservice is rendering images.

The microservice responsible for the image rendering requires a large amount of CPU time compared to the

memory it requires. The other microservices are workloads that are optimized for n1-standard machine types.

You need to optimize your cluster so that all workloads are using resources as efficiently as possible. What

should you do?

A. Assign the pods of the image rendering microservice a higher pod priority than the other microservices.

B. Create a node pool with compute-optimized machine type nodes for the image rendering microservice. Use

the node pool with general-purpose machine type nodes for the other microservices.

C. Use the node pool with general-purpose machine type nodes for the image rendering microservice. Create

a node pool with compute-optimized machine type nodes for the other microservices.

D. Configure the required amount of CPU and memory in the resource requests specification of the image

rendering microservice deployment. Keep the resource requests for the other microservices at the default.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 197

Your organization has three existing Google Cloud projects. You need to bill the Marketing department for only

their Google Cloud services for a new initiative within their group. What should you do?

A. 1. Verify that you are assigned the Billing Administrator IAM role for your organization's Google Cloud

Project for the Marketing department.

2. Link the new project to a Marketing Billing Account.

B. 1. Verify that you are assigned the Billing Administrator IAM role for your organization's Google Cloud

account.

2. Create a new Google Cloud Project for the Marketing department.

3. Set the default key-value project labels to department:marketing for all services in this project.

C. 1. Verify that you are assigned the Organization Administrator IAM role for your organization's Google

Cloud account.

2. Create a new Google Cloud Project for the Marketing department.

3. Link the new project to a Marketing Billing Account.

D. 1. Verify that you are assigned the Organization Administrator IAM role for your organization's Google

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Cloud account.

2. Create a new Google Cloud Project for the Marketing department.

3. Set the default key-value project labels to department:marketing for all services in this project.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 198

You deployed an application on a managed instance group in Compute Engine. The application accepts

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffic on port 389 and requires you to preserve the IP address of the

client who is making a request. You want to expose the application to the internet by using a load balancer.

What should you do?

A. Expose the application by using an external TCP Network Load Balancer.

B. Expose the application by using a TCP Proxy Load Balancer.

C. Expose the application by using an SSL Proxy Load Balancer.

D. Expose the application by using an internal TCP Network Load Balancer.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 199

You are building a multi-player gaming application that will store game information in a database. As the

popularity of the application increases, you are concerned about delivering consistent performance. You need

to ensure an optimal gaming performance for global users, without increasing the management complexity.

What should you do?

A. Use Cloud SQL database with cross-region replication to store game statistics in the EU, US, and APAC

regions.

B. Use Cloud Spanner to store user data mapped to the game statistics.

C. Use BigQuery to store game statistics with a Redis on Memorystore instance in the front to provide global

consistency.

D. Store game statistics in a Bigtable database partitioned by username.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 200

You are building an application that stores relational data from users. Users across the globe will use this

application. Your CTO is concerned about the scaling requirements because the size of the user base is

unknown. You need to implement a database solution that can scale with your user growth with minimum

configuration changes. Which storage solution should you use?

A. Cloud SQL

B. Firestore

C. Cloud Spanner

D. Bigtable

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Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 201

Your company has multiple projects linked to a single billing account in Google Cloud. You need to visualize

the costs with specific metrics that should be dynamically calculated based on company-specific criteria. You

want to automate the process. What should you do?

A. In the Google Cloud console, visualize the costs related to the projects in the Reports section.

B. In the Google Cloud console, visualize the costs related to the projects in the Cost breakdown section.

C. In the Google Cloud console, use the export functionality of the Cost table. Create a Looker Studio

dashboard on top of the CSV export.

D. Configure Cloud Billing data export to BigQuery for the billing account. Create a Looker Studio dashboard

on top of the BigQuery export.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 202

You have an application that runs on Compute Engine VM instances in a custom Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

Your company’s security policies only allow the use of internal IP addresses on VM instances and do not let

VM instances connect to the internet. You need to ensure that the application can access a file hosted in a

Cloud Storage bucket within your project. What should you do?

A. Enable Private Service Access on the Cloud Storage Bucket.

B. Add storage.googleapis.com to the list of restricted services in a VPC Service Controls perimeter and add

your project to the list of protected projects.

C. Enable Private Google Access on the subnet within the custom VPC.

D. Deploy a Cloud NAT instance and route the traffic to the dedicated IP address of the Cloud Storage bucket.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 203

Your company completed the acquisition of a startup and is now merging the IT systems of both companies.

The startup had a production Google Cloud project in their organization. You need to move this project into

your organization and ensure that the project is billed to your organization. You want to accomplish this task

with minimal effort. What should you do?

A. Use the projects.move method to move the project to your organization. Update the billing account of

the project to that of your organization.

B. Ensure that you have an Organization Administrator Identity and Access Management (IAM) role assigned

to you in both organizations. Navigate to the Resource Manager in the startup’s Google Cloud organization,

and drag the project to your company's organization.

C. Create a Private Catalog for the Google Cloud Marketplace, and upload the resources of the startup's

production project to the Catalog. Share the Catalog with your organization, and deploy the resources in

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your company’s project.

D. Create an infrastructure-as-code template for all resources in the project by using Terraform, and deploy

that template to a new project in your organization. Delete the project from the startup’s Google Cloud

organization.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 204

All development (dev) teams in your organization are located in the United States. Each dev team has its own

Google Cloud project. You want to restrict access so that each dev team can only create cloud resources in the

United States (US). What should you do?

A. Create a folder to contain all the dev projects. Create an organization policy to limit resources in US

locations.

B. Create an organization to contain all the dev projects. Create an Identity and Access Management (IAM)

policy to limit the resources in US regions.

C. Create an Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy to restrict the resources locations in the US. Apply

the policy to all dev projects.

D. Create an Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy to restrict the resources locations in all dev

projects. Apply the policy to all dev roles.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 205

You are configuring Cloud DNS. You want to create DNS records to point home.mydomain.com,

mydomain.com, and www.mydomain.com to the IP address of your Google Cloud load balancer. What should

you do?

A. Create one CNAME record to point mydomain.com to the load balancer, and create two A records to point

WWW and HOME to mydomain.com respectively.

B. Create one CNAME record to point mydomain.com to the load balancer, and create two AAAA records to

point WWW and HOME to mydomain.com respectively.

C. Create one A record to point mydomain.com to the load balancer, and create two CNAME records to point

WWW and HOME to mydomain.com respectively.

D. Create one A record to point mydomain.com to the load balancer, and create two NS records to point

WWW and HOME to mydomain.com respectively.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 206

You have two subnets (subnet-a and subnet-b) in the default VPC. Your database servers are running in

subnet-a. Your application servers and web servers are running in subnet-b. You want to configure a firewall

rule that only allows database traffic from the application servers to the database servers. What should you do?

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A. Create service accounts sa-app and sa-db.

Associate service account sa-app with the application servers and the service account sa-db with the

database servers.

Create an ingress firewall rule to allow network traffic from source service account sa-app to target

service account sa-db.

B. Create network tags app-server and db-server.

Add the app-server tag to the application servers and the db-server tag to the database servers.

Create an egress firewall rule to allow network traffic from source network tag app-server to target

network tag db-server.

C. Create a service account sa-app and a network tag db-server.

Associate the service account sa-app with the application servers and the network tag db-server with

the database servers.

Create an ingress firewall rule to allow network traffic from source VPC IP addresses and target the

subnet-a IP addresses.

D. Create a network tag app-server and service account sa-db.

Add the tag to the application servers and associate the service account with the database servers.

Create an egress firewall rule to allow network traffic from source network tag app-server to target

service account sa-db.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 207

Your team wants to deploy a specific content management system (CMS) solution to Google Cloud. You need

a quick and easy way to deploy and install the solution. What should you do?

A. Search for the CMS solution in Google Cloud Marketplace. Use gcloud CLI to deploy the solution.

B. Search for the CMS solution in Google Cloud Marketplace. Deploy the solution directly from Cloud

Marketplace.

C. Search for the CMS solution in Google Cloud Marketplace. Use Terraform and the Cloud Marketplace ID to

deploy the solution with the appropriate parameters.

D. Use the installation guide of the CMS provider. Perform the installation through your configuration

management system.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 208

You are working for a startup that was officially registered as a business 6 months ago. As your customer base

grows, your use of Google Cloud increases. You want to allow all engineers to create new projects without

asking them for their credit card information. What should you do?

A. Create a Billing account, associate a payment method with it, and provide all project creators with

permission to associate that billing account with their projects.

B. Grant all engineers permission to create their own billing accounts for each new project.

C. Apply for monthly invoiced billing, and have a single invoice for the project paid by the finance team.

D. Create a billing account, associate it with a monthly purchase order (PO), and send the PO to Google

Cloud.

Correct Answer: A

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Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 209

Your continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) server can’t execute Google Cloud actions in a specific

project because of permission issues. You need to validate whether the used service account has the

appropriate roles in the specific project.

What should you do?

A. Open the Google Cloud console, and check the Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles assigned to

the service account at the project or inherited from the folder or organization levels.

B. Open the Google Cloud console, and check the organization policies.

C. Open the Google Cloud console, and run a query to determine which resources this service account can

access.

D. Open the Google Cloud console, and run a query of the audit logs to find permission denied errors for this

service account.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 210

Your team is using Linux instances on Google Cloud. You need to ensure that your team logs in to these

instances in the most secure and cost efficient way. What should you do?

A. Attach a public IP to the instances and allow incoming connections from the internet on port 22 for SSH.

B. Use the gcloud compute ssh command with the --tunnel-through-iap flag. Allow ingress traffic

from the IP range 35.235.240.0/20 on port 22.

C. Use a third party tool to provide remote access to the instances.

D. Create a bastion host with public internet access. Create the SSH tunnel to the instance through the bastion

host.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 211

An external member of your team needs list access to compute images and disks in one of your projects. You

want to follow Google-recommended practices when you grant the required permissions to this user. What

should you do?

A. Create a custom role, and add all the required compute.disks.list and compute.images.list

permissions as includedPermissions. Grant the custom role to the user at the project level.

B. Create a custom role based on the Compute Image User role. Add the compute.disks.list to the

includedPermissions field. Grant the custom role to the user at the project level.

C. Create a custom role based on the Compute Storage Admin role. Exclude unnecessary permissions from

the custom role. Grant the custom role to the user at the project level.

D. Grant the Compute Storage Admin role at the project level.

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Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 212

You are running a web application on Cloud Run for a few hundred users. Some of your users complain that

the initial web page of the application takes much longer to load than the following pages. You want to follow

Google’s recommendations to mitigate the issue. What should you do?

A. Set the minimum number of instances for your Cloud Run service to 3.

B. Set the concurrency number to 1 for your Cloud Run service.

C. Set the maximum number of instances for your Cloud Run service to 100.

D. Update your web application to use the protocol HTTP/2 instead of HTTP/1.1.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 213

You are building a data lake on Google Cloud for your Internet of Things (IoT) application. The IoT application

has millions of sensors that are constantly streaming structured and unstructured data to your backend in the

cloud. You want to build a highly available and resilient architecture based on Google-recommended practices.

What should you do?

A. Stream data to Pub/Sub, and use Dataflow to send data to Cloud Storage.

B. Stream data to Pub/Sub, and use Storage Transfer Service to send data to BigQuery.

C. Stream data to Dataflow, and use Dataprep by Trifacta to send data to Bigtable.

D. Stream data to Dataflow, and use Storage Transfer Service to send data to BigQuery.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 214

You are running out of primary internal IP addresses in a subnet for a custom mode VPC. The subnet has the

IP range 10.0.0.0/20, and the IP addresses are primarily used by virtual machines in the project. You need to

provide more IP addresses for the virtual machines. What should you do?

A. Add a secondary IP range 10.1.0.0/20 to the subnet.

B. Change the subnet IP range from 10.0.0.0/20 to 10.0.0.0/18.

C. Change the subnet IP range from 10.0.0.0/20 to 10.0.0.0/22.

D. Convert the subnet IP range from IPv4 to IPv6.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 215

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Your company requires all developers to have the same permissions, regardless of the Google Cloud project

they are working on. Your company’s security policy also restricts developer permissions to Compute Engine,

Cloud Functions, and Cloud SQL. You want to implement the security policy with minimal effort. What should

you do?

A. Create a custom role with Compute Engine, Cloud Functions, and Cloud SQL permissions in one

project within the Google Cloud organization.

Copy the role across all projects created within the organization with the gcloud iam roles copy

command.

Assign the role to developers in those projects.

B. Add all developers to a Google group in Google Groups for Workspace.

Assign the predefined role of Compute Admin to the Google group at the Google Cloud organization

level.

C. Add all developers to a Google group in Cloud Identity.

Assign predefined roles for Compute Engine, Cloud Functions, and Cloud SQL permissions to the

Google group for each project in the Google Cloud organization.

D. Add all developers to a Google group in Cloud Identity.

Create a custom role with Compute Engine, Cloud Functions, and Cloud SQL permissions at the

Google Cloud organization level.

Assign the custom role to the Google group.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 216

You are working for a hospital that stores its medical images in an on-premises data room. The hospital wants

to use Cloud Storage for archival storage of these images. The hospital wants an automated process to upload

any new medical images to Cloud Storage. You need to design and implement a solution. What should you

do?

A. Create a Pub/Sub topic, and enable a Cloud Storage trigger for the Pub/Sub topic. Create an application

that sends all medical images to the Pub/Sub topic.

B. Create a script that uses the gcloud storage command to synchronize the on-premises storage with

Cloud Storage, Schedule the script as a cron job.

C. Create a Pub/Sub topic, and create a Cloud Function connected to the topic that writes data to Cloud

Storage. Create an application that sends all medical images to the Pub/Sub topic.

D. In the Google Cloud console, go to Cloud Storage. Upload the relevant images to the appropriate bucket.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 217

Your company has an internal application for managing transactional orders. The application is used

exclusively by employees in a single physical location. The application requires strong consistency, fast

queries, and ACID guarantees for multi-table transactional updates. The first version of the application is

implemented in PostgreSQL, and you want to deploy it to the cloud with minimal code changes. Which

database is most appropriate for this application?

A. Bigtable

B. BigQuery

C. Cloud SQL

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D. Firestore

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 218

Your company runs one batch process in an on-premises server that takes around 30 hours to complete. The

task runs monthly, can be performed offline, and must be restarted if interrupted. You want to migrate this

workload to the cloud while minimizing cost. What should you do?

A. Create an Instance Template with Spot VMs On. Create a Managed Instance Group from the template and

adjust Target CPU Utilization. Migrate the workload.

B. Migrate the workload to a Compute Engine VM. Start and stop the instance as needed.

C. Migrate the workload to a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster with Spot nodes.

D. Migrate the workload to a Compute Engine Spot VM.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 219

You are planning to migrate the following on-premises data management solutions to Google Cloud:

One MySQL cluster for your main database

Apache Kafka for your event streaming platform

One Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL database for your analytical and reporting needs

You want to implement Google-recommended solutions for the migration. You need to ensure that the new

solutions provide global scalability and require minimal operational and infrastructure management. What

should you do?

A. Migrate from MySQL to Cloud SQL, from Kafka to Pub/Sub, and from Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL to

BigQuery.

B. Migrate from MySQL to Cloud Spanner, from Kafka to Pub/Sub, and from Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL to

BigQuery.

C. Migrate from MySQL to Cloud Spanner, from Kafka to Memorystore, and from Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL

to Cloud SQL.

D. Migrate from MySQL to Cloud SQL, from Kafka to Memorystore, and from Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL to

Cloud SQL.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 220

During a recent audit of your existing Google Cloud resources, you discovered several users with email

addresses outside of your Google Workspace domain. You want to ensure that your resources are only shared

with users whose email addresses match your domain. You need to remove any mismatched users, and you

want to avoid having to audit your resources to identify mismatched users. What should you do?

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

A. Create a Cloud Scheduler task to regularly scan your projects and delete mismatched users.

B. Create a Cloud Scheduler task to regularly scan your resources and delete mismatched users.

C. Set an organizational policy constraint to limit identities by domain to automatically remove mismatched

users.

D. Set an organizational policy constraint to limit identities by domain, and then retroactively remove the

existing mismatched users

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 221

Your application is running on Google Cloud in a managed instance group (MIG). You see errors in Cloud

Logging for one VM that one of the processes is not responsive. You want to replace this VM in the MIG

quickly. What should you do?

A. Use the gcloud compute instances update command with a REFRESH action for the VM.

B. Use the gcloud compute instance-groups managed recreate-instances command to

recreate the VM.

C. Select the MIG from the Compute Engine console and, in the menu, select Replace VMs.

D. Update and apply the instance template of the MIG.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 222

You want to permanently delete a Pub/Sub topic managed by Config Connector in your Google Cloud project.

What should you do?

A. Use kubectl to create the label deleted-by-cnrm and to change its value to true for the topic resource.

B. Use kubectl to delete the topic resource.

C. Use gcloud CLI to delete the topic.

D. Use gcloud CLI to update the topic label managed-by-cnrm to false.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 223

Your company is using Google Workspace to manage employee accounts. Anticipated growth will increase the

number of personnel from 100 employees to 1,000 employees within 2 years. Most employees will need

access to your company’s Google Cloud account. The systems and processes will need to support 10x growth

without performance degradation, unnecessary complexity, or security issues. What should you do?

A. Migrate the users to Active Directory. Connect the Human Resources system to Active Directory. Turn on

Google Cloud Directory Sync (GCDS) for Cloud Identity. Turn on Identity Federation from Cloud Identity to

Active Directory.

B. Organize the users in Cloud Identity into groups. Enforce multi-factor authentication in Cloud Identity.

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

C. Turn on identity federation between Cloud Identity and Google Workspace. Enforce multi-factor

authentication for domain wide delegation.

D. Use a third-party identity provider service through federation. Synchronize the users from Google

Workplace to the third-party provider in real time.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada

QUESTION 224

You want to host your video encoding software on Compute Engine. Your user base is growing rapidly, and

users need to be able to encode their videos at any time without interruption or CPU limitations. You must

ensure that your encoding solution is highly available, and you want to follow Google-recommended practices

to automate operations. What should you do?

A. Deploy your solution on multiple standalone Compute Engine instances, and increase the number of

existing instances when CPU utilization on Cloud Monitoring reaches a certain threshold.

B. Deploy your solution on multiple standalone Compute Engine instances, and replace existing instances with

high-CPU instances when CPU utilization on Cloud Monitoring reaches a certain threshold.

C. Deploy your solution to an instance group, and increase the number of available instances whenever you

see high CPU utilization in Cloud Monitoring.

D. Deploy your solution to an instance group, and set the autoscaling based on CPU utilization.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada

QUESTION 225

Your managed instance group raised an alert stating that new instance creation has failed to create new

instances. You need to solve the instance creation problem. What should you do?

A. Create an instance template that contains valid syntax which will be used by the instance group. Delete any

persistent disks with the same name as instance names.

B. Create an instance template that contains valid syntax that will be used by the instance group. Verify that

the instance name and persistent disk name values are not the same in the template.

C. Verify that the instance template being used by the instance group contains valid syntax. Delete any

persistent disks with the same name as instance names. Set the disks.autoDelete property to true in

the instance template.

D. Delete the current instance template and replace it with a new instance template. Verify that the instance

name and persistent disk name values are not the same in the template. Set the disks.autoDelete

property to true in the instance template.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 226

You have created an application that is packaged into a Docker image. You want to deploy the Docker image

as a workload on Google Kubernetes Engine. What should you do?

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

A. Upload the image to Cloud Storage and create a Kubernetes Service referencing the image.

B. Upload the image to Cloud Storage and create a Kubernetes Deployment referencing the image.

C. Upload the image to Artifact Registry and create a Kubernetes Service referencing the image.

D. Upload the image to Artifact Registry and create a Kubernetes Deployment referencing the image.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 227

You are using Looker Studio to visualize a table from your data warehouse that is built on top of BigQuery.

Data is appended to the data warehouse during the day. At night, the daily summary is recalculated by

overwriting the table. You just noticed that the charts in Looker Studio are broken, and you want to analyze the

problem. What should you do?

A. In Cloud Logging, create a filter for your Looker Studio report.

B. Use the open source CLI tool, Snapshot Debugger, to find out why the data was not refreshed correctly.

C. Review the Error Reporting page in the Google Cloud console to find any errors.

D. Use the BigQuery interface to review the nightly job and look for any errors.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 228

You have a batch workload that runs every night and uses a large number of virtual machines (VMs). It is faulttolerant

and can tolerate some of the VMs being terminated. The current cost of VMs is too high. What should

you do?

A. Run a test using simulated maintenance events. If the test is successful, use Spot N2 Standard VMs when

running future jobs.

B. Run a test using simulated maintenance events. If the test is successful, use N2 Standard VMs when

running future jobs.

C. Run a test using a managed instance group. If the test is successful, use N2 Standard VMs in the managed

instance group when running future jobs.

D. Run a test using N1 standard VMs instead of N2. If the test is successful, use N1 Standard VMs when

running future jobs.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 229

You created several resources in multiple Google Cloud projects. All projects are linked to different billing

accounts. To better estimate future charges, you want to have a single visual representation of all costs

incurred. You want to include new cost data as soon as possible. What should you do?

A. Fill all resources in the Pricing Calculator to get an estimate of the monthly cost.

B. Use the Reports view in the Cloud Billing Console to view the desired cost information.

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

C. Visit the Cost Table page to get a CSV export and visualize it using Looker Studio.

D. Configure Billing Data Export to BigQuery and visualize the data in Looker Studio.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 230

Your company has a large quantity of unstructured data in different file formats. You want to perform ETL

transformations on the data. You need to make the data accessible on Google Cloud so it can be processed by

a Dataflow job. What should you do?

A. Upload the data to BigQuery using the bq command line tool.

B. Upload the data to Cloud Storage using the gcloud storage command.

C. Upload the data into Cloud SQL using the import function in the Google Cloud console.

D. Upload the data into Cloud Spanner using the import function in the Google Cloud console.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 231

You have deployed an application on a single Compute Engine instance. The application writes logs to disk.

Users start reporting errors with the application. You want to diagnose the problem. What should you do?

A. Navigate to Cloud Logging and view the application logs.

B. Configure a health check on the instance and set a “consecutive successes” Healthy threshold value of 1.

C. Connect to the instance’s serial console and read the application logs.

D. Install and configure the Ops agent and view the logs from Cloud Logging.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 232

You recently received a new Google Cloud project with an attached billing account where you will work. You

need to create instances, set firewalls, and store data in Cloud Storage. You want to follow Googlerecommended

practices. What should you do?

A. Use the gcloud CLI services enable cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com command to

enable all resources.

B. Use the gcloud services enable compute.googleapis.com command to enable Compute

Engine and the gcloud services enable storage-api.googleapis.com command to enable the

Cloud Storage APIs.

C. Open the Google Cloud console and enable all Google Cloud APIs from the API dashboard.

D. Open the Google Cloud console and run gcloud init --project <project-id> in a Cloud Shell.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

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Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 233

Your application development team has created Docker images for an application that will be deployed on

Google Cloud. Your team does not want to manage the infrastructure associated with this application. You

need to ensure that the application can scale automatically as it gains popularity. What should you do?

A. Create an instance template with the container image, and deploy a Managed Instance Group with

Autoscaling.

B. Upload Docker images to Artifact Registry, and deploy the application on Google Kubernetes Engine using

Standard mode.

C. Upload Docker images to the Cloud Storage, and deploy the application on Google Kubernetes Engine

using Standard mode.

D. Upload Docker images to Artifact Registry, and deploy the application on Cloud Run.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 234

You are migrating a business critical application from your local data center into Google Cloud. As part of your

high-availability strategy, you want to ensure that any data used by the application will be immediately available

if a zonal failure occurs. What should you do?

A. Store the application data on a zonal persistent disk. Create a snapshot schedule for the disk. If an outage

occurs, create a new disk from the most recent snapshot and attach it to a new VM in another zone.

B. Store the application data on a zonal persistent disk. If an outage occurs, create an instance in another

zone with this disk attached.

C. Store the application data on a regional persistent disk. Create a snapshot schedule for the disk. If an

outage occurs, create a new disk from the most recent snapshot and attach it to a new VM in another zone.

D. Store the application data on a regional persistent disk. If an outage occurs, create an instance in another

zone with this disk attached.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 235

The DevOps group in your organization needs full control of Compute Engine resources in your development

project. However, they should not have permission to create or update any other resources in the project. You

want to follow Google’s recommendations for setting permissions for the DevOps group. What should you do?

A. Grant the basic role roles/viewer and the predefined role roles/compute.admin to the DevOps group.

B. Create an IAM policy and grant all compute.instanceAdmin.* permissions to the policy. Attach the policy

to the DevOps group.

C. Create a custom role at the folder level and grant all compute.instanceAdmin.* permissions to the role.

Grant the custom role to the DevOps group.

D. Grant the basic role roles/editor to the DevOps group.

Correct Answer: A

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Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 236

Your team is running an on-premises ecommerce application. The application contains a complex set of

microservices written in Python, and each microservice is running on Docker containers. Configurations are

injected by using environment variables. You need to deploy your current application to a serverless Google

Cloud cloud solution. What should you do?

A. Use your existing CI/CD pipeline. Use the generated Docker images and deploy them to Cloud Run.

Update the configurations and the required endpoints.

B. Use your existing continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) pipeline. Use the generated Docker images

and deploy them to Cloud Function. Use the same configuration as on-premises.

C. Use the existing codebase and deploy each service as a separate Cloud Function. Update the

configurations and the required endpoints.

D. Use your existing codebase and deploy each service as a separate Cloud Run. Use the same

configurations as on-premises.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 237

You are running multiple microservices in a Kubernetes Engine cluster. One microservice is rendering images.

The microservice responsible for the image rendering requires a large amount of CPU time compared to the

memory it requires. The other microservices are workloads that are optimized for n2-standard machine types.

You need to optimize your cluster so that all workloads are using resources as efficiently as possible. What

should you do?

A. Assign the pods of the image rendering microservice a higher pod priority than the other microservices.

B. Create a node pool with compute-optimized machine type nodes for the image rendering microservice. Use

the node pool with general-purpose machine type nodes for the other microservices.

C. Use the node pool with general-purpose machine type nodes for the image rendering microservice. Create

a node pool with compute-optimized machine type nodes for the other microservices.

D. Configure the required amount of CPU and memory in the resource requests specification of the image

rendering microservice deployment. Keep the resource requests for the other microservices at the default.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 238

You are working in a team that has developed a new application that needs to be deployed on Kubernetes. The

production application is business critical and should be optimized for reliability. You need to provision a

Kubernetes cluster and want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Create a GKE Autopilot cluster. Enroll the cluster in the rapid release channel.

B. Create a GKE Autopilot cluster. Enroll the cluster in the stable release channel.

C. Create a zonal GKE standard cluster. Enroll the cluster in the stable release channel.

D. Create a regional GKE standard cluster. Enroll the cluster in the rapid release channel.

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 239

You are responsible for a web application on Compute Engine. You want your support team to be notified

automatically if users experience high latency for at least 5 minutes. You need a Google-recommended

solution with no development cost. What should you do?

A. Export Cloud Monitoring metrics to BigQuery and use a Looker Studio dashboard to monitor your web

application’s latency.

B. Create an alert policy to send a notification when the HTTP response latency exceeds the specified

threshold.

C. Implement an App Engine service which invokes the Cloud Monitoring API and sends a notification in case

of anomalies.

D. Use the Cloud Monitoring dashboard to observe latency and take the necessary actions when the response

latency exceeds the specified threshold.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 240

You have an on-premises data analytics set of binaries that processes data files in memory for about 45

minutes every midnight. The sizes of those data files range from 1 gigabyte to 16 gigabytes. You want to

migrate this application to Google Cloud with minimal effort and cost. What should you do?

A. Create a container for the set of binaries. Use Cloud Scheduler to start a Cloud Run job for the container.

B. Create a container for the set of binaries. Deploy the container to Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) and

use the Kubernetes scheduler to start the application.

C. Upload the code to Cloud Functions. Use Cloud Scheduler to start the application.

D. Lift and shift to a VM on Compute Engine. Use an instance schedule to start and stop the instance.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 241

You used the gcloud container clusters command to create two Google Cloud Kubernetes (GKE)

clusters: prod-cluster and dev-cluster.

prod-cluster is a standard cluster.

dev-cluster is an auto-pilot cluster.

When you run the kubectl get nodes command, you only see the nodes from prod-cluster. Which

commands should you run to check the node status for dev-cluster?

A. gcloud container clusters get-credentials dev-cluster

kubectl get nodes

B. gcloud container clusters update -generate-password dev-cluster

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kubectl get nodes

C. kubectl config set-context dev-cluster

kubectl cluster-info

D. kubectl config set-credentials dev-cluster

kubectl cluster-info

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 242

You recently discovered that your developers are using many service account keys during their development

process. While you work on a long term improvement, you need to quickly implement a process to enforce

short-lived service account credentials in your company. You have the following requirements:

All service accounts that require a key should be created in a centralized project called pj-sa.

Service account keys should only be valid for one day.

You need a Google-recommended solution that minimizes cost. What should you do?

A. Implement a Cloud Run job to rotate all service account keys periodically in pj-sa. Enforce an org policy to

deny service account key creation with an exception to pj-sa.

B. Implement a Kubernetes CronJob to rotate all service account keys periodically. Disable attachment of

service accounts to resources in all projects with an exception to pj-sa.

C. Enforce an org policy constraint allowing the lifetime of service account keys to be 24 hours. Enforce an org

policy constraint denying service account key creation with an exception on pj-sa.

D. Enforce a DENY org policy constraint over the lifetime of service account keys for 24 hours. Disable

attachment of service accounts to resources in all projects with an exception to pj-sa.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

QUESTION 243

Your company is running a three-tier web application on virtual machines that use a MySQL database. You

need to create an estimated total cost of cloud infrastructure to run this application on Google Cloud instances

and Cloud SQL. What should you do?

A. Create a Google spreadsheet with multiple Google Cloud resource combinations. On a separate sheet,

import the current Google Cloud prices and use these prices for the calculations within formulas.

B. Use the Google Cloud Pricing Calculator and select the Cloud Operations template to define your web

application with as much detail as possible.

C. Implement a similar architecture on Google Cloud, and run a reasonable load test on a smaller scale.

Check the billing information, and calculate the estimated costs based on the real load your system usually

handles.

D. Use the Google Cloud Pricing Calculator to determine the cost of every Google Cloud resource you expect

to use. Use similar size instances for the web server, and use your current on-premises machines as a

comparison for Cloud SQL.

Correct Answer: D

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

QUESTION 244

You have a Bigtable instance that consists of three nodes that store personally identifiable information (PII)

data. You need to log all read or write operations, including any metadata or configuration reads of this

database table, in your company’s Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) system. What should

you do?

A. Navigate to Cloud Monitoring in the Google Cloud console, and create a custom monitoring job for the

Bigtable instance to track all changes.

Create an alert by using webhook endpoints, with the SIEM endpoint as a receiver.

B. Navigate to the Audit Logs page in the Google Cloud console, and enable Admin Write logs for the

Bigtable instance.

Create a Cloud Functions instance to export logs from Cloud Logging to your SIEM.

C. Navigate to the Audit Logs page in the Google Cloud console, and enable Data Read, Data Write and

Admin Read logs for the Bigtable instance.

Create a Pub/Sub topic as a Cloud Logging sink destination, and add your SIEM as a subscriber to the

topic.

D. Install the Ops Agent on the Bigtable instance during configuration.

Create a service account with read permissions for the Bigtable instance.

Create a custom Dataflow job with this service account to export logs to the company’s SIEM system.

Correct Answer: C

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 245

You want to set up a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster. Verifiable node identity and integrity are required for

the cluster, and nodes cannot be accessed from the internet. You want to reduce the operational cost of

managing your cluster, and you want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

A. Deploy a private autopilot cluster.

B. Deploy a public autopilot cluster.

C. Deploy a standard public cluster and enable shielded nodes.

D. Deploy a standard private cluster and enable shielded nodes.

Correct Answer: A

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 246

Your company wants to migrate their on-premises workloads to Google Cloud. The current on-premises

workloads consist of:

A Flask web application

A backend API

A scheduled long-running background job for ETL and reporting

You need to keep operational costs low. You want to follow Google-recommended practices to migrate these

workloads to serverless solutions on Google Cloud. What should you do?

A. Migrate the web application to App Engine and the backend API to Cloud Run. Use Cloud Tasks to run your

background job on Compute Engine.

F5F0FB91B2D27C580969A1ADD93553E1

B. Migrate the web application to App Engine and the backend API to Cloud Run. Use Cloud Tasks to run your

background job on Cloud Run.

C. Run the web application on a Cloud Storage bucket and the backend API on Cloud Run. Use Cloud Tasks

to run your background job on Cloud Run.

D. Run the web application on a Cloud Storage bucket and the backend API on Cloud Run. Use Cloud Tasks

to run your background job on Compute Engine.

Correct Answer: B

Section: (none)

Explanation/Reference:

Revisada.

interview q4

2022-04-23T11:17:00.012+05:30

diff b/w @get and @getmapping:

@GetMapping is a composed annotation that acts as a shortcut for @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET).

In the @javax.ws.rs package there are annotations for each HTTP method. @GET, @POST, @PUT, @DELETE

no sql db in aws : dynamo db

@controller vs @restcontroller:

@restcontroller combination of the @controller and @ResponseBody annotation.

What is the difference between @controller and @component?

@Component is a generic stereotype for any Spring-managed component or bean. @Repository is a stereotype for the persistence layer. @Service is a stereotype for the service layer. @Controller is a stereotype for the presentation layer (spring-MVC).

@Component vs @Bean:

@Component is a class level annotation whereas @Bean is a method level annotation

@Bean annotation has to be used with @Configuration.

@Configuration
class MyConfiguration{
    @Bean
    public User getUser() {
        return new User();
    }
}

class User{
}    
        
// Getting Bean 
User user = applicationContext.getBean("getUser");

@Component
class User {
}

// to get Bean
@Autowired
User user;

Relational db in aws:

Amazon RDS

hashmap implementation in java 8:

In Java 8, HashMap replaces linked list with a binary tree when the number of elements in a bucket reaches certain threshold. While converting the list to binary tree, hashcode is used as a branching variable. If there are two different hashcodes in the same bucket, one is considered bigger and goes to the right of the tree and other one to the left. But when both the hashcodes are equal, HashMap assumes that the keys are comparable, and compares the key to determine the direction so that some order can be maintained. It is a good practice to make the keys of HashMap comparable.

what happens if we don't override hashcode

Overriding only equals() method without overriding hashCode() causes the two equal instances to have unequal hash codes, which violates the hashCode contract (mentioned in Javadoc) that clearly says, if two objects are equal according to the equals(Object) method, then calling the hashCode method on each of the two objects must produce the same integer result.

diff between runnable and callable

Runnable object does not return a result whereas a Callable object returns a result.

future vs CompletableFuture:

ompletableFuture has some functional features that a regular Future does not have, like the ability to chain executions with thenApply or thenAccept that take a function that process the result after it´s available. get() is blocking which is present in Future. But if you do not need the results for further processing (Eg. you just want to insert the results in a Database) a CompletableFuture will have the advantage that you can provide a function that takes the result and does something with it. Eg. like this completableFuture.thenAccept(result -> DB::storeInDB); This way you would not have to wait for the result with get().

how to join results from multiple futures?

CompletableFuture<String> future1 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> "Hello"); CompletableFuture<String> future2 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> "Beautiful"); CompletableFuture<String> future3 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> "World");

String combined = Stream.of(future1, future2, future3) .map(CompletableFuture::join) .collect(Collectors.joining(" ")); assertEquals("Hello Beautiful World", combined);

asynchronous process : we can achieve in 2 ways 1) ExecutorService 2) CompletableFuture

A) ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
  Runnable service1 = () -> {
     MyFileService.service1();
  };

  Runnable service2 = () -> {
      MyFileService.service2();
  };

  Runnable service3 = () -> {
      MyFileService.service3();
  };

  executorService.submit(service1);
  executorService.submit(service2);
  executorService.submit(service3);

B) CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> MyFileService.service1();

    CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() ->  MyFileService.service2();
    CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() ->  MyFileService.service3();

CompletableFuture API allows to easily chain more calls with thenApply(), thenCompose().

CompletableFuture.allOf() : wait for all futures

CompletableFuture runAsync vs supplyAsync:

runAsync :it does not return any result

suppyAsync: it takes Supplier as argument and returns result

2022-04-23T08:23:00.006+05:30

java8 new features:

1) Consumer<T> :Its a part of java.util.function package. Consumer can be used in all contexts where an object needs to be consumed,i.e. taken as input, and some operation is to be performed on the object without returning any result.

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.function.Consumer;

public class ConsumerFunctionEx{

public static void main(String args[]){

Consumer<Integer> consumer= i-> System.out.print(i+",");

List<Integer> integerList=Arrays.asList(new Integer(1),

new Integer(10), new Integer(200),

new Integer(101), new Integer(-10),

new Integer(0));

print(integerList, consumer);

}

public static void print(List<Integer> listOfIntegers, Consumer<Integer> consumer){

for(Integer integer:listOfIntegers){

consumer.accept(integer);

}

================

output:

1,10,200,101,-10,0,

2)Functional Interface : it contains only one abstract method.

Functional interfaces are also known as Single Abstract Method Interfaces (SAM Interfaces).

@FunctionalInterface

interface add_cal{

int add(int a, int b);

}

public class Sample{

public static void main(String[] args){

add_cal a1 = (a,b) -> {

return a+b;

};

System.out.println(a1.add(5,10));

}

============

output

3) Optional Class :used to deal with NullPointerException

import java.util.Optional;

public class OptionalExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String x = "hello";

Optional<String> opt = Optional.ofNullable(x);

if(opt.isPresent()){

System.out.println(opt.get());

}

===============

output:

hello

4) forEach loop:new method forEach() to iterate the elements

public class ForEachExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

List<String> gamesList = new ArrayList<String>();

gamesList.add("Football");

gamesList.add("Cricket");

gamesList.add("Chess");

gamesList.forEach(games -> System.out.println(games));

}

=============

output:

Football

Cricket

Chess

5) Default Methods :defined inside the interface and tagged with default are known as default methods. These methods are non-abstract methods. This has implementation.

interface Sayable{  

    default void say(){  

        System.out.println("Hello, this is default method");  

}

}

public class DefaultMethods implements Sayable{  

    public static void main(String[] args) {  

        DefaultMethods dm = new DefaultMethods();  

        dm.say();   

}

}

6) StringJoiner: 

sed to construct a sequence of characters separated by a delimiter

public class StringJoinerExample {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        StringJoiner joinNames = new StringJoiner(","); 
        joinNames.add("hello");  
        joinNames.add("world");  
        
        System.out.println(joinNames);  
    }  
} 

=====
output: hello,world

7) Collectors : It provides reduction operations

import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class CollectorsExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();

List<Integer> list1 = new ArrayList<Integer>();

list.add(1);

list.add(2);

list.add(3);

list1 = list.stream().map(x->x*x).collect(Collectors.toList());

System.out.println(list1);

}

============

output: [1, 4, 9]

8)Stream: does not store elements.lazy and evaluates code only when required

public class StreamExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();

List<Integer> list1 = new ArrayList<Integer>();

list.add(1);

list.add(2);

list.add(3);

list.add(4);

list1 = list.

stream().filter(x->x%2==0).

map(x->x*x).

collect(Collectors.toList());

System.out.println(list1);

}

============

output: [4, 16]

9) CompletableFuture:extension of Future’s API.

Future:The get() method in the Future Interface is blocking operation.Multiple futures cannot be chained together with Future.

factory-bean

2014-01-16T15:33:00.001+05:30

factory-bean in spring facilitates to create bean by factory class.

Factory class will have:

a)non- static methods to return the object of bean.

b)a static method to return the instance of class itself.

public class ServiceFactory {

private static UserService userService= new UserService();

private static LoginService loginService= new LoginService();

private static ServiceFactory serviceFactory= new ServiceFactory();

private ServiceFactory(){}

public UserService createUserService(){

return userService;

}

public LoginService createLoginService(){

return loginService;

}

public static ServiceFactory createInstance(){

return serviceFactory;

}

public class UserService {

public UserService() {

System.out.println("Initialising UserService.");

}

public class LoginService {

public LoginService(){

System.out.println("Initialising LoginService.");

}

public class SpringDemo {

public static void main(String... args) {

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");

context.getBean("userService");

context.getBean("loginService");

}

Criteria Queries

2013-11-22T00:13:00.001+05:30

Creating a criteria:

session.createCriteria(Cat.class)

Criterion->singular

Criteria->Plural

session.createCriteria(className).add(Restriction)

Criterion : Restriction

: Property

: Expression(Deprecated)

:like

:or

Restriction :eq

:between

:isNull

:disjunction

:sqlRestriction------------>specify SQL Directly

Property.forName("propName"):returns you the matching Property instance.

what is difference b/w below codes?

List cats = session.createCriteria(Cat.class)

.add( Restrictions.like("name", "F%") .list();

and

List cats = session.createCriteria(Cat.class)

.add( Property.forName("name").like("F%") ) .list();

no difference between the first two code snippets.

You should use Property.forName("propName") when you need to use that property multiple times in Criteria or Query.

It is equivalent to using direct no. (e.g. 12) or using variable assigned to the no. (e.g. int x = 12) and use the variable every time you need to use the no.

ordering

order : asc

: desc

List cats = session.createCriteria(Cat.class).addOrder(Order.asc("name").list()

Association

1) inner join:

List cats = sess.createCriteria(Cat.class).createCriteria("kittens").list();

in above ex. we are crating 2 criteria objects.

creatAlias:Join an association, assigning an alias to the joined association.

List cats = sess.createCriteria(Cat.class).creatAlias("kittens","kt")
.add(Restriction.like("kt.name","F%")).list();

Difference between Procedure and Function

2013-11-21T22:53:00.002+05:30

Procedure	Function
don't need to return value	Must return value
stored in DB as compiled statement	Parsed and compiled at runtime
can affect state of DB using commit	Don't affect state of DB
can not be invoked from sql statement like SELECT	can be invoked from sql statement select max(sal) from Emp
used to perform business logic	used to perform computation

hibernate-one-to-one mapping

2013-11-12T22:26:00.000+05:30

1 1

Customer-------------------------------> Address

---------------------------------Address Class----------------------------

package hibernate.onetoone;

public class Address {

private int addId;

private String street;

private String city;

private String state;

public Address(String street, String city, String state) {

this.street = street;

this.city = city;

this.state = state;

}

// getters and setters

}

-------------------Customer Class---------------------------------

package hibernate.onetoone;

public class Customer {

private int cid;

private String cname;

private String email;

private String phone;

private String bal;

private Address address;

public Customer (String cname,String email,String phone,String bal,Address address){

this.cname = cname;

this.email = email;

this.phone = phone;

this.bal = bal;

this.address = address;

}

//getters and setters

}

---------------------Address.hbm.xml-------------------------------

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="hibernate.onetoone">

</id>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

------------------------------Customer.hbm.xml--------------

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="hibernate.onetoone">

</id>

<many-to-one name="address" class="Address" column="addId" unique="true"></many-to-one>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

---------------------hibernate.cfg.xml-----------------

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

<session-factory>

<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>

<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@Mukesh-PC:1521/XE</property>

<property name="hibernate.connection.username">mukesh</property>

<property name="hibernate.connection.password">mukesh</property>

<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

-------------------------------------HibernateUtil.java-------------------

package hibernate.onetoone;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateUtil {

public static final ThreadLocal session = new ThreadLocal();

public static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {

Session s = (Session) session.get();

if (s == null) {

s = sessionFactory.openSession();

session.set(s);

}

return s;

}

static {

try {

String xml = "hibernate/onetoone/hibernate.cfg.xml";

Configuration config = new Configuration().configure(xml);

sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();

} catch (Throwable ex) {

System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);

throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);

}

--------------------------HibernateMain.java------------------------

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.Transaction;

public class HibernateMain {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Session session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

Address add = new Address("MSR", "bangalore", "KA");

session.save(add);

Customer cust = new Customer("Mukesh", "a@b.com", "22222", "1000", add);

cust.setAddress(add);

session.save(cust);

tx.commit();

session.close();

}

ioc-byType

2013-05-01T16:23:00.000+05:30

Config.xml

------------------

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<value>mukesh</value>

</property>

</bean>

<value>google</value>

</property>

</bean>

</beans>

Inject.java

---------------

package spring.byType;

public class Inject {

private String name;

private Person person;

public Person getPerson() {

return person;

}

public void setPerson(Person person) {

this.person = person;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

Main.java

------------

package spring.byType;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;

import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;

import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Resource res = new FileSystemResource("src/main/java/spring/byType/config.xml");

BeanFactory beanFactory = new XmlBeanFactory(res);

Inject demo = (Inject) beanFactory.getBean("injectBean");

System.out.println(demo.getName());

System.out.println(demo.getPerson().getCom());

}

Person.java

------------

package spring.byType;

public class Person {

private String com;

public String getCom() {

return com;

}

public void setCom(String com) {

this.com = com;

}

output

------------

mukesh
google

ioc-byname

2013-05-01T16:00:00.001+05:30

Main.java

package spring.byName;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;

import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;

import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Resource res = new FileSystemResource("src/main/java/spring/byName/config.xml");

BeanFactory beanFactory = new XmlBeanFactory(res);

Inject demo = (Inject) beanFactory.getBean("injectBean");

System.out.println(demo.getName());

System.out.println(demo.getPerson().getCom());

}

Person class

package spring.byName;

public class Person {

private String com;

public String getCom() {

return com;

}

public void setCom(String com) {

this.com = com;

}

Inject class

package spring.byName;

public class Inject {

private String name;

private Person person;

public Person getPerson() {

return person;

}

public void setPerson(Person person) {

this.person = person;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

Config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<value>mukesh</value>

</property>

</bean>

<value>google</value>

</property>

</bean>

</beans>

jars
--------------

difference between an interface and an abstract class

2013-04-25T16:58:00.000+05:30

Question. What's the difference between an interface and an abstract class?

Ans:

Interface	Abstract class
contains only method declaration	contains method declaration as well as method definition
Any class who is going to implement interface must have to implement all the methods declared in interface	Any class who is going to extend abstract class has to implement only the abstract method that is declared in abstract class.
It is slower than abstract class
All the methods in interface in implicitly abstract	It contains abstract method as well as non-abstract method also
They simulate multiple inheritances. Means one class can implement more than one interface.	It provides the default functionality to the sub-classes.

Ex: Account can be of different type. saving account or current account. If we declare account as abstract class then any class who is going to extend account class will get the default functionality of account and later according to its own requirement override the method or leave it as it is.

Account.java

package com.core;

public abstract class Account {

private static float RATE = 4;

private float accountNumber;

private float principleAmount;

private float time;

private String name;

public String sayHello(String name) {

System.out.println("hello" + name);

return "success";

}

public void showBalance(Account acc) {

float interest=(acc.getPrincipleAmount()* acc.getTime() * RATE) / 100;

float totalAmount = acc.getPrincipleAmount() + interest;

System.out.println("balance is" + totalAmount);

}

public float getAccountNumber() {

return accountNumber;

}

public void setAccountNumber(float accountNumber) {

this.accountNumber = accountNumber;

}

public float getPrincipleAmount() {

return principleAmount;

}

public void setPrincipleAmount(float principleAmount) {

this.principleAmount = principleAmount;

}

public float getTime() {

return time;

}

public void setTime(float time) {

this.time = time;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

CurrentAccount.java

package com.core;

public class CurrentAccount extends Account {

private static float RATE = 6;

public void showBalance(Account acc) {

float interest = (acc.getPrincipleAmount()* acc.getTime() * RATE) / 100;

float totalAmount = acc.getPrincipleAmount() + interest;

System.out.println("balance is" + totalAmount);

}

AccountOperation

package com.core;

public class AccountOperation {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SavingAccount sa = new SavingAccount();

sa.setAccountNumber(111);

sa.setName("mukesh");

sa.setPrincipleAmount(1000);

sa.setTime(2);

sa.sayHello(sa.getName());

sa.showBalance(sa);

CurrentAccount ca = new CurrentAccount();

ca.setAccountNumber(222);

ca.setName("amit");

ca.setPrincipleAmount(1000);

ca.setTime(2);

ca.sayHello(ca.getName());

ca.showBalance(ca);

}

}

output
----------------

hellomukesh
balance is1100.0
helloamit
balance is1120.0

How to set message in jms?

2013-04-15T22:46:00.002+05:30

How to set message in jms?

Context ctx = new InitialContext();

ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = (ConnectionFactory)ctx.lookup("jms/ConnectionFactory");

Queue myQueue = (Queue) ctx.lookup("jms/MyQueue");

Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();

Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(myQueue);

producer.send(message);

What is jndi?

2013-04-15T22:45:00.004+05:30

What is jndi?

Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) is an application programming interface (API) for accessing directory services like LDAP.While JDBC can be used to access a variety of relational databases, JNDI can be used to access a variety of naming and directory services

Context ctx = new InitialContext();

DataSource ds = (DataSource)ctx.lookup("jdbc/sampleDB");

Connection con = ds.getConnection("mukesh", "mukesh");

dtd vs xsd?

2013-04-15T22:44:00.002+05:30

dtd vs xsd?

Dtd	Xsd
Document Type Definition	XML Schemas definition
not namespace aware.	XML-based syntax

What is facade layer?

2013-04-15T22:32:00.002+05:30

What is facade layer?

This layer encapsulate business logic and business data and expose their interfaces. It provide a simpler interface to the clients by hiding all the complex interactions between business components.

· Reduce the number of business objects that are exposed to the client.

· Hide from the client the underlying interactions and interdependencies between business components.

· Avoid exposing the underlying business objects directly to the client to enhance the loose coupling between the two tiers to a minimum.

Class loader in java

2013-04-15T22:31:00.000+05:30

Class loader in java:

· Responsible for loading appropriate classes in the JVM at the runtime.

· When the JVM starts, initially only the class file is loaded and other classes are loaded as and when required by the JVM.

a) bootstrap : loads the key classes like i18.jar,rt.jar

b) ExtClassLoader : loads the class which is there in lib/ext folder

c) System: loads classes from system classpath which is set by CLASSPATH variable.

set: does it allow duplications?

2013-04-14T23:08:00.000+05:30

set: does it allow duplications?

How to insert e4 and e5 which are object of Employee class which has same attributes in set?

Set doesnot allow duplicate ele. We can insert e4 and e5 with same attributes if in the Employee class we have not overridden the equals and hashCode method

Set.add(ele) return boolean value

If duplicate ele is inserted then no compile time exception, no runtime exception will be thrown.

boolean b1 = set.add("a"); // true

boolean b2 = set.add("a"); // false

What are performance issue with serialization?

2013-04-14T22:39:00.001+05:30

What are performance issue with serialization?

Serialization is a recursive algorithm. Starting from a single object, all the objects that can be reached from that object by following instance variables, are also serialized.

Both serializing and de-serializing require the serialization mechanism to discover information about the instance it is serializing using reflection to discover all the field values.

If you don't explicitly set a "serialVersionUID“ class attribute, the serialization mechanism has to compute it. This involves going through all the fields and methods to generate a hash. This procedure can be quite slow.

Using the default serialization mechanism, all the serializing class description information is included in the stream, such as :

The description of all the serializable superclasses

The description of the class itself

The instance data associated with the specific instance of the class

NOTE: serialversionUID is static but even it gets serialized.

Join Thread Example

2012-12-16T21:55:00.000+05:30

Here in the below example, the threads t1 and t2 are accessing the common resource "Counter" without the "synchronized" keyword. Even then the output is coming sequential because of join.
It means that t2 will wait till t1 gets die.

public class Counter implements Runnable {
   private static int count = 0;
   @Override
   public void run() {

       for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
           System.out.println(count++ + Thread.currentThread().getName());
       }
   }
}

public class JoinImpl {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
        Counter counter = new Counter();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(counter);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(counter);
        t1.start();
        t1.join();
        t2.start();
    }
}
---------------------------------
output
--------------------------------
0Thread-0
1Thread-0
2Thread-0
3Thread-0
4Thread-0
5Thread-0
6Thread-0
7Thread-0
8Thread-0
9Thread-0
10Thread-0
11Thread-0
12Thread-0
13Thread-0
14Thread-0
15Thread-0
16Thread-0
17Thread-0
18Thread-0
19Thread-0
20Thread-0
21Thread-0
22Thread-0
23Thread-0
24Thread-0
25Thread-0
26Thread-0
27Thread-0
28Thread-0
29Thread-0
30Thread-0
31Thread-0
32Thread-0
33Thread-0
34Thread-0
35Thread-0
36Thread-0
37Thread-0
38Thread-0
39Thread-0
40Thread-0
41Thread-0
42Thread-0
43Thread-0
44Thread-0
45Thread-0
46Thread-0
47Thread-0
48Thread-0
49Thread-0
50Thread-1
51Thread-1
52Thread-1
53Thread-1
54Thread-1
55Thread-1
56Thread-1
57Thread-1
58Thread-1
59Thread-1
60Thread-1
61Thread-1
62Thread-1
63Thread-1
64Thread-1
65Thread-1
66Thread-1
67Thread-1
68Thread-1
69Thread-1
70Thread-1
71Thread-1
72Thread-1
73Thread-1
74Thread-1
75Thread-1
76Thread-1
77Thread-1
78Thread-1
79Thread-1
80Thread-1
81Thread-1
82Thread-1
83Thread-1
84Thread-1
85Thread-1
86Thread-1
87Thread-1
88Thread-1
89Thread-1
90Thread-1
91Thread-1
92Thread-1
93Thread-1
94Thread-1
95Thread-1
96Thread-1
97Thread-1
98Thread-1
99Thread-1

Synchronized Thread Example

2012-12-16T21:15:00.004+05:30

In the below example the threads(t1,t2) both are accessing the common shared resource simultaneously and increasing the shared variable "count" in a sequential order ( i.e. count getting increase from 0 to 49 by t1 and then count getting increase from 50 to 99 by t2).

public class Resource implements Runnable {
    private static int count=0;
    @Override
    public synchronized void run() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                System.out.println("count="+count+++"--->"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

public class Process {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Resource sharedResource = new Resource();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(sharedResource);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(sharedResource );
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}
----------------------------------
output
---------------------------------
count=0--->Thread-0
count=1--->Thread-0
count=2--->Thread-0
count=3--->Thread-0
count=4--->Thread-0
count=5--->Thread-0
count=6--->Thread-0
count=7--->Thread-0
count=8--->Thread-0
count=9--->Thread-0
count=10--->Thread-0
count=11--->Thread-0
count=12--->Thread-0
count=13--->Thread-0
count=14--->Thread-0
count=15--->Thread-0
count=16--->Thread-0
count=17--->Thread-0
count=18--->Thread-0
count=19--->Thread-0
count=20--->Thread-0
count=21--->Thread-0
count=22--->Thread-0
count=23--->Thread-0
count=24--->Thread-0
count=25--->Thread-0
count=26--->Thread-0
count=27--->Thread-0
count=28--->Thread-0
count=29--->Thread-0
count=30--->Thread-0
count=31--->Thread-0
count=32--->Thread-0
count=33--->Thread-0
count=34--->Thread-0
count=35--->Thread-0
count=36--->Thread-0
count=37--->Thread-0
count=38--->Thread-0
count=39--->Thread-0
count=40--->Thread-0
count=41--->Thread-0
count=42--->Thread-0
count=43--->Thread-0
count=44--->Thread-0
count=45--->Thread-0
count=46--->Thread-0
count=47--->Thread-0
count=48--->Thread-0
count=49--->Thread-0
count=50--->Thread-0
count=51--->Thread-0
count=52--->Thread-0
count=53--->Thread-0
count=54--->Thread-0
count=55--->Thread-0
count=56--->Thread-0
count=57--->Thread-0
count=58--->Thread-0
count=59--->Thread-0
count=60--->Thread-0
count=61--->Thread-0
count=62--->Thread-0
count=63--->Thread-0
count=64--->Thread-0
count=65--->Thread-0
count=66--->Thread-0
count=67--->Thread-0
count=68--->Thread-0
count=69--->Thread-0
count=70--->Thread-0
count=71--->Thread-0
count=72--->Thread-0
count=73--->Thread-0
count=74--->Thread-0
count=75--->Thread-0
count=76--->Thread-0
count=77--->Thread-0
count=78--->Thread-0
count=79--->Thread-0
count=80--->Thread-0
count=81--->Thread-0
count=82--->Thread-0
count=83--->Thread-0
count=84--->Thread-0
count=85--->Thread-0
count=86--->Thread-0
count=87--->Thread-0
count=88--->Thread-0
count=89--->Thread-0
count=90--->Thread-0
count=91--->Thread-0
count=92--->Thread-0
count=93--->Thread-0
count=94--->Thread-0
count=95--->Thread-0
count=96--->Thread-0
count=97--->Thread-0
count=98--->Thread-0
count=99--->Thread-0
count=100--->Thread-1
count=101--->Thread-1
count=102--->Thread-1
count=103--->Thread-1
count=104--->Thread-1
count=105--->Thread-1
count=106--->Thread-1
count=107--->Thread-1
count=108--->Thread-1
count=109--->Thread-1
count=110--->Thread-1
count=111--->Thread-1
count=112--->Thread-1
count=113--->Thread-1
count=114--->Thread-1
count=115--->Thread-1
count=116--->Thread-1
count=117--->Thread-1
count=118--->Thread-1
count=119--->Thread-1
count=120--->Thread-1
count=121--->Thread-1
count=122--->Thread-1
count=123--->Thread-1
count=124--->Thread-1
count=125--->Thread-1
count=126--->Thread-1
count=127--->Thread-1
count=128--->Thread-1
count=129--->Thread-1
count=130--->Thread-1
count=131--->Thread-1
count=132--->Thread-1
count=133--->Thread-1
count=134--->Thread-1
count=135--->Thread-1
count=136--->Thread-1
count=137--->Thread-1
count=138--->Thread-1
count=139--->Thread-1
count=140--->Thread-1
count=141--->Thread-1
count=142--->Thread-1
count=143--->Thread-1
count=144--->Thread-1
count=145--->Thread-1
count=146--->Thread-1
count=147--->Thread-1
count=148--->Thread-1
count=149--->Thread-1
count=150--->Thread-1
count=151--->Thread-1
count=152--->Thread-1
count=153--->Thread-1
count=154--->Thread-1
count=155--->Thread-1
count=156--->Thread-1
count=157--->Thread-1
count=158--->Thread-1
count=159--->Thread-1
count=160--->Thread-1
count=161--->Thread-1
count=162--->Thread-1
count=163--->Thread-1
count=164--->Thread-1
count=165--->Thread-1
count=166--->Thread-1
count=167--->Thread-1
count=168--->Thread-1
count=169--->Thread-1
count=170--->Thread-1
count=171--->Thread-1
count=172--->Thread-1
count=173--->Thread-1
count=174--->Thread-1
count=175--->Thread-1
count=176--->Thread-1
count=177--->Thread-1
count=178--->Thread-1
count=179--->Thread-1
count=180--->Thread-1
count=181--->Thread-1
count=182--->Thread-1
count=183--->Thread-1
count=184--->Thread-1
count=185--->Thread-1
count=186--->Thread-1
count=187--->Thread-1
count=188--->Thread-1
count=189--->Thread-1
count=190--->Thread-1
count=191--->Thread-1
count=192--->Thread-1
count=193--->Thread-1
count=194--->Thread-1
count=195--->Thread-1
count=196--->Thread-1
count=197--->Thread-1
count=198--->Thread-1
count=199--->Thread-1

Unsynchronized Thread Example

2012-12-16T21:09:00.000+05:30

Un-Synchronized Threads means that the threads are running independently without gaining a "lock" on the shared resource.
In the below example the threads(t1,t2) both are accessing the common shared resource simultaneously and increasing the shared variable "count" in a random order rather than one by one( i.e. count getting increase from 0 to 49 by t1 and then count getting increase from 50 to 99 by t2). Here, count is getting increase to 14 by "Thread-0" and then count is getting increase to 15 by "Thread-1".

public class Resource implements Runnable {
    private static int count=0;
    @Override
    public void run() {
       try {
           Thread.sleep(1000);
           for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
               System.out.println("count="+count+++"--->"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
           }
       } catch (InterruptedException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
    }
}

public class Process {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Resource sharedResource = new Resource();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(sharedResource);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(sharedResource );
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}

----------------------------------------
output
----------------------------------------
count=0--->Thread-1
count=1--->Thread-0
count=2--->Thread-0
count=3--->Thread-0
count=4--->Thread-0
count=5--->Thread-0
count=6--->Thread-0
count=7--->Thread-0
count=8--->Thread-0
count=9--->Thread-0
count=10--->Thread-0
count=11--->Thread-0
count=13--->Thread-0
count=14--->Thread-0
count=12--->Thread-1
count=16--->Thread-1
count=15--->Thread-0
count=18--->Thread-0
count=19--->Thread-0
count=17--->Thread-1
count=21--->Thread-1
count=22--->Thread-1
count=20--->Thread-0
count=24--->Thread-0
count=23--->Thread-1
count=26--->Thread-1
count=27--->Thread-1
count=28--->Thread-1
count=29--->Thread-1
count=30--->Thread-1
count=31--->Thread-1
count=32--->Thread-1
count=33--->Thread-1
count=34--->Thread-1
count=35--->Thread-1
count=36--->Thread-1
count=37--->Thread-1
count=38--->Thread-1
count=39--->Thread-1
count=40--->Thread-1
count=41--->Thread-1
count=42--->Thread-1
count=43--->Thread-1
count=44--->Thread-1
count=45--->Thread-1
count=46--->Thread-1
count=47--->Thread-1
count=48--->Thread-1
count=49--->Thread-1
count=50--->Thread-1
count=51--->Thread-1
count=52--->Thread-1
count=53--->Thread-1
count=54--->Thread-1
count=55--->Thread-1
count=56--->Thread-1
count=57--->Thread-1
count=58--->Thread-1
count=59--->Thread-1
count=60--->Thread-1
count=61--->Thread-1
count=62--->Thread-1
count=63--->Thread-1
count=64--->Thread-1
count=65--->Thread-1
count=66--->Thread-1
count=67--->Thread-1
count=68--->Thread-1
count=25--->Thread-0
count=69--->Thread-0
count=70--->Thread-0
count=71--->Thread-0
count=72--->Thread-0
count=73--->Thread-0
count=74--->Thread-0
count=75--->Thread-0
count=76--->Thread-0
count=77--->Thread-0
count=78--->Thread-0
count=79--->Thread-0
count=80--->Thread-0
count=81--->Thread-0
count=82--->Thread-0
count=83--->Thread-0
count=84--->Thread-0
count=85--->Thread-0
count=86--->Thread-0
count=87--->Thread-0
count=88--->Thread-0
count=89--->Thread-0
count=90--->Thread-0
count=91--->Thread-0
count=92--->Thread-0
count=93--->Thread-0
count=94--->Thread-0
count=95--->Thread-0
count=96--->Thread-0
count=97--->Thread-0
count=98--->Thread-0
count=99--->Thread-0

example of ajax using struts2

2012-07-29T16:10:00.002+05:30

----------------------- web.xml---------------------------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
    <display-name>Java</display-name>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

----------------------- index.jsp---------------------------------------
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function get_random(){
       var ranNum= Math.floor(Math.random()*5);
       return ranNum;
    }
</script>
<head>
    <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="0;URL=example/showHomePage.action?rand=<%=(Math.random()) %>">
</head>
<body>
<p>Loading ...</p>
</body>
</html>

--------------------- struts.xml---------------------------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />
    <package name="example" namespace="/example" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="showHomePage" class="example.Login">
            <result>/example/LoginPage.jsp</result>
        </action>
        <action name="validateUsername" class="example.Login" method="validateUsername">
            <result>/example/resp.jsp</result>
            <result name="input">/example/resp.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

------------------ LoginPage.jsp------------------------------
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<html>
<head>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var xmlhttp;
        function getHTTPObjectForBrowser(){
            if (window.XMLHttpRequest){
                xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
            }else{
                xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
            }
            return xmlhttp;
        }
        function setAjaxOutput(){
            if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4){
                var result = xmlhttp.responseText;
                if(result=='input'){
                    document.getElementById('username').value='';
                    document.getElementById('password').value='';
                    document.getElementById('username').focus();
                }
                if(result=='success'){
                    document.getElementById('result').value=result;
                }
            }
        }
        function validateUser(){
            xmlhttp= getHTTPObjectForBrowser();
            var username = document.getElementById('username').value;
            var password = document.getElementById('password').value;

            if (xmlhttp!= null) {
                var url = "validateUsername.action?username="+username+'&password='+password;
                xmlhttp.open("GET", url, true);
                xmlhttp.send(null);
                xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = setAjaxOutput;
            }
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <s:form name="loginPage" id="LoginPage" action="loginSubmit">
        <s:textfield label="username" id="username"> </s:textfield>
        <s:textfield label="password" id="password" onblur="validateUser();"></s:textfield>
        <s:textfield label="result" id="result" name="result"></s:textfield>
    </s:form>
</body>
</html>

-------------------------- Login.java---------------------------
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class Login extends ActionSupport {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String resp;

    public String execute() {
        return SUCCESS;
    }

    public String validateUsername() {
        if (username.equals("admin") && password.equals("admin")) {
            resp = "success";
            return SUCCESS;
        } else {
            resp = "input";
            return INPUT;
        }
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setResp(String resp) {
        this.resp = resp;
    }

    public String getResp() {
        return resp;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
}

-------------- resp.jsp-------------------------------------
${resp}

Screen shot:

----------------

Database notes

2012-04-10T23:30:00.002+05:30

What is 1st NF,2nd NF,3rd NF?

normalization:process of organizing data to minimize redundancy

1st NF: each table has PK.The values in each col. of a table are atomic

2nd NF: Redundant data across multiple rows should be moved to a new table.

The tables must be related with each other by FK

3rd NF: Remove any attribute not directly and fully depend on the key to a separate table.

Patient No.	Name	Ward No.
123	Abc	10

Ward No.	Ward name
10	Bernard

Here Ward No. and Ward name are independent of Patient No. So, its better to put these columns in a separate table.

What is Functional Dependency?

For any two attribute A and B, A is dependent on B if for a given value of B there is precisely one associated value of A. Ex. Employee surname is totally depend on empid. The opposite is not true.

What is order by and group by.

order by is used for ordering and group by is used in aggregate function.

How to remove duplicate entry in db?

-rowid value uniquely identifies a row in the database

-DELETE FROM test WHERE rowid NOT IN (SELECT max(rowid) FROM test GROUP BY col1);

what is tablespace in oracle?

A tablespace is a logical storage unit within an Oracle database. It is logical because a tablespace is not visible. Tablespaces are where you store Oracle database objects such as tables, indexes and rollback segments.

Difference between oracle and sql server?

ORACLE	SQL-Server
EVERYTHING is a transaction and it is not permanent until you COMMIT	(by default) no transaction control.
PL/SQL	T-Sql
runs on many platform	runs on Windows only

What is diff b/w delete and truncate?

Delete	Truncate
remove rows from a table. A WHERE clause can be used to only remove some rows. If no WHERE condition is specified, all rows will be removed	removes all rows from a table
need to COMMIT or ROLLBACK the transaction to make the change permanent or to undo it.	The operation cannot be rolled back.
when you delete the records from the database, database has to perform 2 actions. 1.delete from the database 2.write the deleted records into "rollback" segments.	Second activity not required

how to get 3rd highest salery using sql?

select min(empsalary) from (select * from emptable order by empsalary desc) where rownum<=3

What is SQL?

SQL stands for 'Structured Query Language'.

What is SELECT statement?

The SELECT statement lets you select a set of values from a table in a database. The values selected from the database table would depend on the various conditions that are specified in the SQL query.

How can you compare a part of the name rather than the entire name?

SELECT * FROM people WHERE empname LIKE '%ab%'

Would return a recordset with records consisting empname the sequence 'ab' in empname .

What is the INSERT statement?

insert information into a database.

How do you delete a record from a database?

remove records from a database.

How could I get distinct entries from a table?

distinct values from a table in a database.

How to get the results of a Query sorted in any order?

ORDER BY

SELECT empname, age, city FROM emptable ORDER BY empname

How can I find the total number of records in a table?

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM emp

What is GROUP BY?

used for aggregate functions (like SUM)

What is the difference among "dropping a table", "truncating a table" and "deleting all records" from a table.

Dropping : (Table structure + Data are deleted)

Truncating : (Data alone deleted), Performs an automatic commit, Faster than delete

Delete : (Data alone deleted), Doesn’t perform automatic commit

What are the Large object types suported by Oracle?

Blob and Clob.

Difference between a "where" clause and a "having" clause.

Having clause is used only with group functions whereas Where is used as a filtering criteria.

What's the difference between a primary key and a unique key?

PK	Unique Key
not null	can be null
creates clustered index on col.	creates non-clustered index

What are cursors? Explain different types of cursors. What are the disadvantages of cursors? How can you avoid cursors?

allow row-by-row prcessing of the resultsets.

Types of cursors: Static, Dynamic, Forward-only, Keyset-driven.

in SQL procedures, you need to do the following:
*Declare a cursor that defines a result set.
*Open the cursor to establish the result set.

*Fetch the data into local variables as needed from the cursor, one row at a time.

*Close the cursor when done.

Defining a cursor:

CURSOR c1
IS
SELECT emp_name,emp_age
from emp_table

command that would be used to fetch the data from this cursor is:

FETCH c1 into cnumber;

Disadvantages of cursors:

1 *Each time you fetch a row from the cursor, it results in a network roundtrip, and where as a normal SELECT query makes only one rowundtrip, however large the result set is.

2 *Cursors are also costly because they require more resources and temporary storage (results in more IO operations).

What are triggers? How to invoke a trigger on demand?

Triggers are special kind of stored procedures that get executed automatically when an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE operation takes place on a table.

CREATE TRIGGER check_who_create_objects

AFTER CREATE OR DROP ON SCHEMA

BEGIN

INSERT INTO audit_table VALUES (USER || ' created an object on: ' || sysdate);

EXCEPTION

WHEN OTHERS THEN

RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR (num => -20000, msg => 'Cannot drop object');

END;

Ref cursor: A ref cursor in Oracle PL/SQL is much like an ordinary PL/SQL cursor in that it acts as a pointer to the result set of the cursor with which it is associated. However, the difference is that a ref cursor can be assigned to different result sets whereas a cursor is always associated with the same result set. Cursors and ref cursors are not interchangeable.

What is a join and explain different types of joins.

Joins are used in queries to explain how different tables are related. Joins also let you select data from a table depending upon data from another table.

Types of joins:

INNER JOINs,

OUTER JOINs

LEFT OUTER JOINS

RIGHT OUTER JOINS

FULL OUTER JOINS

CROSS JOINs.

What is a self join?

Self join is just like any other join, except that two instances of the same table will be joined in the query.

j2ee notes

2012-03-24T12:34:00.004+05:30

session management technique

1. Cookie:
Place a text stored on user computer by browser. It can be used for authentication, shopping cart. It consists of name-value pair. It is sent in the header of the request

2. HttpSession:
This is used by servlet. When a session is created a cookie containing a sessionId is stored on user hard drive. The name of the id is jsessionid. Session has a life time which is defined inside web.xml

3. Hidden forms:
<input type="hidden" name="session" value="1234"/>
This means that when the form is submitted, the name and value are automatically included in the GET and POST data. This has disadv. that it works if the page is dynamically submitted by the form submission.

4. URL Rewriting:
some extra data is applied on the end of each URL. That data identifies the session and server associate that id with user specific data. For ex. http://abc.com;jsessionid=a1234. The sessionid here is jsessionid=1234.
It works well if user has disabled cookies.

What is Facade Layer?

This layer encapsulate business logic and business data and expose their interfaces.
Provide a simpler interface to the clients by hiding all the complex interactions between business components.
Reduce the number of business objects that are exposed to the client.
Hide from the client the underlying interactions and inter-dependencies between business components.
Avoid exposing the underlying business objects directly to the client to enhance the loose coupling between the two tiers to a minimum.

java notes

2012-03-24T12:26:00.000+05:30

NoClassDefFoundError vs ClassNotFoundException

NoClassDefFoundError	ClassNotFoundException
source was successfully compiled, but at runtime, the required class files were not found.This may be something that can happen in the distribution or production of JAR files, where not all the required class files were included.	trying to make reflective calls to classes at runtime, but the classes the program is trying to call is does not exist.
It is an error	It is an exception

Question: How many types of exceptions are there in java?

Answer: Types of exceptions are:

1) Checked exception.

-This is also called compile time exception

-Compiler forces to catch the exception.

2) Unchecked exception:

- This is also called run time exception.

-Ex. NullPointerException

What is annotation in Java?

Annotations do not directly affect program semantics, but they do affect the way programs are treated by tools and libraries, which can in turn affect the semantics of the running program.

Annotations have following number of uses:
*Information for the compiler — Annotations can be used by the compiler to detect errors or suppress warnings.
*Compiler-time and deployment-time processing — Software tools can process annotation information to generate code, XML files, and so forth.
*Runtime processing — Some annotations are available to be examined at runtime.

Annotations Used by the Compiler
@Deprecated
@Override
@SuppressWarnings

What are performance issue with serialization?

1.Serialization is a recursive algorithm. Starting from a single object, all the objects that can be reached from that object by following instance variables, are also serialized.

2.Both serializing and deserializing require the serialization mechanism to discover information about the instance it is serializing using reflection to discover all the field values.

3.If you don't explicitelly set a "serialVersionUID“ class attribute, the serialization mechanism has to compute it. This involves going through all the fields and methods to generate a hash. This procedure can be quite slow.

4.Using the default serialization mechanism, all the serializing class description information is included in the stream, such as :
   The description of all the serializable superclasses
   The description of the class itself
   The instance data associated with the specific instance of the class

NOTE: serialversionUID is static but even it gets serialized.

What are Comparable and Comparator interface?

Comparable example:

public class Emp implements Comparable<Emp>{
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public String toString() {
        return name+age;
    }
    Emp(String name,int age){
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Emp e1 = new Emp("a",10);
        Emp e2 = new Emp("b",20);
        Emp e3 = new Emp("c", 12);
        List<Emp> list = new ArrayList<Emp>();
        list.add(e2);
        list.add(e1);
        list.add(e3);
        Collections.sort(list);
        System.out.println(list);
    }
    @Override
    public int compareTo(Emp emp) {
        if(emp.age>this.age)
            return 1;
        else if(emp.age<this.age)
            return -1;
        else return 0;
    }

}

output:

--------------

[b20, c12, a10]

Comparator example:

Comparator interface is useful if we have a legacy code of Person class which does not implement comparable interface. So, if we want to sort a collection containing instances of Person class, we can not. In this scenario we can use Comparator.

public class PersonComparator implements Comparator<Person> {
    @Override
    public int compare(Person p1, Person p2) {
        int p1Age = ((Person) p1).getAge();
        int p2Age = ((Person) p2).getAge();
        if (p1Age > p2Age)
            return 1;
        else if (p1Age < p2Age)
            return -1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
}

public class Person {
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public String toString() {
        return name + age;
    }

    Person(int age, String name) {
        this.setAge(age);
        this.setName(name);
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person p1 = new Person(10, "a");
        Person p2 = new Person(30, "b");
        Person p3 = new Person(20, "c");
        List<Person> list = new ArrayList<Person>();
        list.add(p3);
        list.add(p2);
        list.add(p1);
        Collections.sort(list, new PersonComparator());
        System.out.println(list);
    }
}

output:

----------

[a10, c20, b30]

Difference between Comparable and Comparator:

Comparable	Comparator
Defined in java.lang package	Defined in java.util package
Has method: *public int compareTo(Object o)*	Has method: int compare (Object o1, Object o2)
compares "this" reference with the object specified.	compare two objects provided
Natural ordering	Total ordering

What are different types of inner classes?

member inner class:

public class OuterClass {

    int outer = 10;
    void outerMethod() {
        System.out.println(new innerClass().inner);
    }
    class innerClass {
        int inner = 20;
        void innerMethod() {
            System.out.println(outer);
            System.out.println(inner);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        OuterClass.innerClass x = new OuterClass().new innerClass();
        x.innerMethod();
        OuterClass o = new OuterClass();
        o.outerMethod();
    }
}

static inner class:

public class Outer {
    int o1 = 10;
    static int o2 = 60;

    void outerMethod(){
       System.out.println(inner.i1);
       System.out.println(new inner().i2);
    }

    static class inner{
       static int i1 = 20;
       int i2 = 30;
       void innerMethod(){
           System.out.println(i1);
           System.out.println(i2);
           System.out.println(o2);
       }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args){
       Outer outer = new Outer();
       outer.outerMethod();
       Outer.inner name = new Outer.inner();
       name.innerMethod();
    }
}

output:

-------------

20
30
20
30
60

Question : What is a thread?

Answer: Thread is a lightweight process. It is a part of a process.

Question: How do u create a thread.

Answer: a) by implementing Runnable Interface

b) by extending Thread class.

In both way we have to override run() method.

Question: Which one is preferred?

Answer: Runnable interface is preferred as class implementing this interface can also extend other class.

Question: What is synchronization? Why do u need it?

Answer: By synchronization we can ensure that a shared resource is locked by one thread at one point of time so that shared resource does not get changed by two threads at one time. It eliminates the possibility of dirty reading.

public class Resource implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public synchronized void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
        }
    }
}
public class Process {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Resource sharedResource = new Resource();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(sharedResource);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(sharedResource );
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}

Question. How will you achieve synchronization in java

Ans: by Synchronized blocks and synchronized methods..

Question: Explain transient variable?

Answer: the value of this member variable does not get serialized with the object.

Question: What's the difference between the methods sleep() and wait()

Answer: sleep is a method inside thread class and wait is a method inside object class. if a thread goes for sleep state,then it will be in that state till the time specified. If a thread goes to wait state then by notify() and notifyAll() method, thread state gets changes from wait state to ready state.

Question:What are the states of a thread?

Answer: Following are the states of a thread:

a)New : A thread which has not yet started.

b)Runnable:Thread starts executing in JVM but wait for Processor

c)Blocked:Thread waiting for a monitor lock

d)waiting:Waiting for another thread to complete a particular action.

e)Timed_waiting:A thread waits for a specified time.

f)Terminated: Thread has completed the execution.

Sample program:

                Thread t = new Thread();
                Thread.State e = t.getState();
                Thread.State[] ts = e.values();
                for (int i = 0; i < ts.length; i++) {
                      System.out.println(ts[i]);
                }

Question: What is difference between wait and sleep?

Answer:
sleep(t) : where t is in millisecond, put thread in sleep state exactly for t(ms).

wait(t) :cause a thread to wait for t millisecond,but if it receives notify()/notifyAll() call, it changes its state from wait to ready.

Question: When state of thread changes to Timed_wait?

Answer: A thread is in the timed waiting state due to calling one of the following methods with a specified positive waiting time:

Thread.sleep(time in ms)
Object.wait (with timeout )
Thread.join ( with timeout)

Question: When state of a thread changes to Waiting state?

Answer:

A thread is in the waiting state due to calling one of the following methods:

Object.wait with no timeout
Thread.join with no timeout

Question: What's the main difference between a Vector and an ArrayList?

Answer: Vector class is synchronized and ArrayList is not synchronized. That's why arrayList is faster than Vector.

Question: What's the difference between a queue and a stack?

Answer: Stacks works by last-in-first-out rule (LIFO), while queues use the FIFO rule i.e first-in-first-out

Question: For an indexed search in a list of objects which one will you use: ArrayList or LinkedList?

Answer: ArrayList

Question: Under what condition u will prefer ArrayList/LinkedList

Answer: When we have to go for indexed search and data does not changes ,use ArrayList. If the data changes frequently then we will go for LinkedList as insertion and deletion is easy in LinkedList compared to ArrayList as in ArrayList removing an element Removes the element at the specified position in this list and shifts any subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their indices).

struts2 notes

2012-03-18T23:15:00.002+05:30

difference between struts1 and struts2

Struts1	Struts2
action class extends the abstract base class	Action class implements ActionSupport
Actions are singleton	Action objects are instantiated for each request.
Actions are dependent on the servlet API	Independent of servlet API
testing the application is tough as execute method exposes the Servlet API	Easier
JSTL EL	OGNL
binds objects into the page context by using the standard JSP mechanism.	uses a ValueStack technology
Commons-Beanutils are used by used by Struts 1 for type conversion	OGNL used for type conversion

Q:How to do validations in struts2?

Ans: It can be done in following ways:
1) ActionClass-Validation.xml
<validators>
<field name="userName">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<message>User Name is required.</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name="password">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<message key="password.required" />
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

2) override validate method in Action Class.

public void validate() {
(getUserName().length() == 0) {
addFieldError("userName", "User Name is required");
} else if (!getUserName().equals("Eswar")) {
addFieldError("userName", "Invalid User");
}
if (getPassword().length() == 0) {
addFieldError("password", getText("password.required"));
}
}

Q: Exception handling in struts2?
Ans: It can be done in one of the following ways:
1) Global Exception Handling:

<global-exception-mappings>
<exception-mapping exception="org.apache.struts.register.exceptions.SecurityBreachException" result="securityerror" />
<exception-mapping exception="java.lang.Exception" result="error" />
</global-exception-mappings>
<global-results>
<result name="securityerror">/securityerror.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
</global-results>

global exception mapping node tells the Struts 2 framework what to do if an uncaught exception of the type specified (or a child of that type) is thrown by the the application.
global results mapping node relates the result value to a specific view page.

2)Exception Handling Per Action:

<action name="actionspecificexception" class="org.apache.struts.register.action.Register" method="throwSecurityException">
<exception-mapping exception="org.apache.struts.register.exceptions.SecurityBreachException"
<result>/register.jsp</result>
<result name="login">/login.jsp</result>
</action>

3)Logging Exceptions:
three parameter values you can set to enable logging (logEnabled), the log level to use (logLevel),and the log category (logCategory).
<interceptors>
<interceptor-stack name="appDefaultStack">
<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack">
<param name="exception.logEnabled">true</param>
<param name="exception.logLevel">ERROR</param>
</interceptor-ref>
</interceptor-stack>
</interceptors>

We can set this interceptor in the default interceptor as:
<default-interceptor-ref name="appDefaultStack" />