JERAMI : Indonesian Journal of Crop Science

Growth and Production of Marigold (Tagates erecta L.) Varietas Maharani F1 dan Garuda F1 Deep Gold Under Paclobutrazol Application

Dea Miranda Simarmata — 2026-04-30

Marigolds are ornamental plants native to Central America, specifically originating from Mexico. Apical dominance, which suppresses lateral shoot growth and inhibits flowering, presents a significant challenge in marigold cultivation. Paclobutrazol, a type of retardant, has the potential to suppress vegetative growth, thereby reducing photosynthetic activity. This research was conducted to analyze the effects of paclobutrazol on the growth and production of two marigold varieties, Maharani F1 and Garuda F1 Deep Gold, as well as the interaction between these treatments. The experiment was conducted from January to May 2025 at the UG Carte Technopark field, Jamali Mulyasari Village, Mande District, Cianjur Regency, West Java, using a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD). The first factor was the application of paclobutrazol at four levels: 0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 75 ppm. The second factor was the marigold variety, consisting of Maharani F1 and Garuda F1 Deep Gold. The results indicate that paclobutrazol application improved flower production in both varieties. Specifically, a concentration of 50 ppm paclobutrazol produced the highest flower weight, diameter, and number of flowers per plant. In comparison, a concentration of 25 ppm paclobutrazol resulted in the highest F1 production rate. The Garuda F1 Deep Gold variety achieved the greatest marigold production, measured by the number of flowers, flower weight per plant, and total flower weight per plant. No interaction was observed between paclobutrazol application and the two marigold varieties.

Non‑Toxic Effects of Forest Soil‑Derived Microbial Inoculants on the Growth of Kepok Tanjung Banana Seedlings during the Ex Vitro Phase

Santi Diana Putri — 2026-04-30

Kepok tanjung banana (Musa paradisiaca var. balbisiana) is a priority commodities that has challenges in conventional seedling development because it is susceptible to disease. This study aims to evaluate the effect of non-toxic microbial inoculants isolated from tropical rainforest soil on the growth of Kepok tanjung banana seedlings in tissue culture seedlings. The method used was an experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD) involving a control and various microbial inoculation treatments (bacteria, fungi, and microbial consortium). Results showed that treatments SP8 and SP3 (bacteria) gave the highest stem height, 88.5 cm and 87.0 cm, respectively, and the largest stem diameter (SP3: 27.2 mm). In addition, the highest leaf length was found in SP8 (49.0 cm) with greener leaf color (score 5). All microbial treatments showed non-toxic results, with media pH remaining stable (6.3-6.6). The bacterial and fungal consortium (KJB) treatment, showed better results than single inoculants in improving nutrient availability and pathogen control. This research supports sustainable agriculture and contributes to the SDGs, particularly SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) with an environmentally friendly solution for the efficient and sustainable propagation of banana seedlings.

Study of Agricultural Land-Use Change in Nagari Harau, Harau Subdistrict, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra

Dyah Puspita Sari — 2026-04-30

Land-use change in rural agricultural landscapes represents a critical challenge for environmental sustainability and food security, particularly in areas experiencing tourism-driven development. This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of agricultural land-use change in Nagari Harau, Harau Subdistrict, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia, during the 2014–2024 period. A descriptive quantitative approach was applied using remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Multi-temporal Sentinel-2 imagery was interpreted and analyzed using ArcGIS, Google Earth Engine, and supporting spatial datasets. Land Change Rate (LCR) analysis was employed to quantify annual conversion trends. The results indicate a significant structural transformation of land use. Forest area declined by 11.81% (−1.18% per year), while paddy fields decreased by 10.55% (−1.05% per year), suggesting gradual but persistent conversion. In contrast, dry fields expanded sharply by 1,788.64% (+178.86% per year), accompanied by a 304.07% increase in shrubland (+30.47% per year). Settlement expansion was relatively minor (3.27%), indicating that agricultural restructuring rather than urbanization was the dominant driver of land transformation. The observed pattern reflects a transition from irrigated rice systems toward dryland agriculture and transitional land cover, influenced by biophysical constraints, irrigation limitations, market orientation, and spatial planning implementation challenges. These changes have important ecological implications, including increased erosion risk, altered hydrological regulation, and potential threats to long-term food production sustainability. The findings highlight the need for spatially explicit land management strategies to balance agricultural productivity, ecosystem stability, and tourism development in rural landscapes.