Kapil D Malhotra

Explore Razor View Engine

2012-09-05T18:24:00.000-07:00

Explore Razor View Engine

Recently I decided to have some hands on ASP.net MVC. There are few good articles to start on ASP.net MVC and know why & where to use ASP.net MVC model. After stepping into the MVC model I reached to the point where we need to decorate Views.

Views are user facing in form of UI (User Interface).Passing data from the Controller to a View so that view can render HTML output for the users. User does not know what you are doing at backend (Controller or Model), but only the UI.

In ASP.net MVC 1 & 2, MVC has relied on the standard ASP.net View Engine, which depends on the ASP.net block <% and %>. This is common in your ASP.net development if you want to access any server side data on your ASPX page.

In ASP.net MVC 3, the new Engine has been introduced called Razor View Engine, which replaced the standard block with @ character. The new Engine is quite easy and faster than the old view engine.

“The .cshtml file extension denotes a C# view that will be processed by Razor. Previous versions of MVC relied on the ASPX view engine, for which view files have the .aspx extension.”

To demonstrate the Razor View Engine in MVC, let’s create a small ASP.net MVC project. You can use Visual Studio 2010 or latest 2012 to create a new project.

Let’s build the simple Employee information ASP.net MVC Project. Create a new Project & choose the ASP.net MVC 3 template from the Visual Studio as shown below in Figure 1.

Figure 1

Visual Studio will prompt for Project Template as shown in Figure 2. We will take the Intranet Application and Choose the View Engine as Razor as shown in Figure 2. Intranet Application has some startup Controllers and Views to build the starting project.

Figure 2

Let’s create a model class called “Employee” which will hold our Employee information data for us.

Defining Model

Employee.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

namespace EmployeeInfo.Models

{

public class Employee

{

[Display(Name="Employee ID")]

public int EmployeeID { get; set; }

[Display(Name = "Employee Name")]

public string EmpName { get; set; }

[Display(Name = "Employee Address")]

public string EmpAddress { get; set; }

[Display(Name = "Employee Phone")]

public string EmpPhone { get; set; }

[Display(Name = "Employee Salary")]

public double EmpSalary { get; set; }

}

Defining Controller

Now let’s define the controller class which will communicate to the model class defined above. We will create an empty controller to demonstrate it simple and easy to learn about Razor for now.

We are going to initialize our Model (Employee) in our controller for simplicity. Sample is shown in below listing.

EmployeeController.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Mvc;

using EmployeeInfo.Models;

namespace EmployeeInfo.Controllers

{

public class EmployeeController : Controller

{

// GET: /Employee/

public ActionResult Index()

{

Employee emp = new Employee

{

EmployeeID=1,

EmpName="Kapil",

EmpAddress="Some Where in this World!!!",

EmpPhone="777-777-7777",

EmpSalary=500

};

return View(emp);

}

As you can see we have created two main part of MVC i.e. Model and Controller. We are going to focus on Razor so will not go deep into Model and Controller for now.

To understand more how to use Razor Syntax, we will create a View for the above Controller. The controller is storing some data to model and passing the model employee to the view.

As you can see in our controller, the action is Index which will have the corresponding view “Index.cshtml” as per the convention.

Use Model Object in View

Once you create a View, you can define whether to use the strongly typed View from model as shown in Figure 3

Figure 3

Note: You need to compile your project to use the strongly typed view otherwise you will not see your model in your Model Class dropdown option.

Once you add the View it will create an empty view with few lines as shown in below listing

@model EmployeeInfo.Models.Employee

Layout = null;

}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Index</title>

</head>

<body>

<div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

In above listing you will notice some Razor syntax, let see what is that all about? First line is interesting here @model EmployeeInfo.Models.Employee, it uses the Razor syntax i.e. @ to tell the view about the Model which we have created earlier. We can use the properties, methods and fields define in Model using @Model property.

Our view is strongly typed which bound with our Employee model so that view will get all the information of Employee stored in our Employee Model as listed below.

@model EmployeeInfo.Models.Employee

Layout = null;

}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Index</title>

</head>

<body>

<div>

<h1>Employee ID: @Model.EmployeeID</h1>

<h2>

Employee Name: @Model.EmpName

<br />

Employee Address: @Model.EmpAddress

<br />

Employee Phone: @Model.EmpPhone

<br />

Employee Salary: @Model.EmpSalary

</h2>

</div>

</body>

</html>

Above we use the @Model.propertyName which get the property value define in the Employee Model. Let’s have some C# code in our view, let’s do it.

<div>

<h1>Employee ID: @Model.EmployeeID</h1>

<h2>

Employee Name: @Model.EmpName

</h2>

<h3>

@if (@Model.EmpSalary > 100)

{

<p>Salary @Model.EmpSalary Wow it's Good...</p>

}else{

<p>Salary @Model.EmpSalary Need some more!!!</p>

}

</h3>

</div>

Here we used If block with Razor syntax and View engine is smart enough to know what needs to rendered as the HTML block which we define inside the If condition.

In above sample code everything’s looks good. But what if we change the HTML text like below where the HTML Text is start without any Tag?

You will get some error on page when you run the application.

@if (@Model.EmpSalary > 100)

{

Salary @Model.EmpSalary Wow it's Good...</p>

}else{

<p>Salary @Model.EmpSalary Need some more!!!</p>

}

Here Razor View engine needs your help to define/decorate the text is “HTML text” which is define without any HTML Tags. To define that we need to start the text with @: so that Razor will treat that text as HTML text

@if (@Model.EmpSalary > 100)

{

@:Salary @Model.EmpSalary Wow it's Good...</p>

}else{

<p>Salary @Model.EmpSalary Need some more!!!</p>

}

Now you have got good idea and familiar with Razor Syntax and its use. It’s not only you can use any conditional statements but you can use any C# code like loops, functions, and calling any existing C# objects like displaying DateTime etc.

For e.g.

Time now is @DateTime.Now

Handle IEnumerable Data in View

Now let’s take one step further and see how we can deal with IEnumerable data pass from controller to view.

I am going to modify the controller to have List of Employees and pass that list object to view and we will see how we can iterate the employee from that List in view. Modified Controller is listed below.

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Mvc;

using EmployeeInfo.Models;

namespace EmployeeInfo.Controllers

{

public class EmployeeController : Controller

{

// GET: /Employee/

public ActionResult Index()

{

IEnumerable<Employee> emps = new List<Employee>{

new Employee{EmployeeID=2,EmpName="Amit",EmpSalary=600},

new Employee{EmployeeID=3,EmpName="Sunil",EmpSalary=800},

new Employee{EmployeeID=4,EmpName="Satish",EmpSalary=900},

new Employee{EmployeeID=1,EmpName="Kapil Deo",EmpSalary=1900}

};

return View(emps);

}

View needs to handle the IEnumerable because the controller is returning IEnumerable data to view. To handle that we are going to modify our View to handle the IEnumerable object in the following way

@using EmployeeInfo.Models

@model IEnumerableEmployee>

Layout = null;

}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Index</title>

</head>

<body>

@* Iterating to the List of Model from controller *@

<div>

@foreach (var emp in Model)

{

@:ID :- @emp.EmployeeID <br/>

}

</div>

</body>

</html>

We are telling View here that iterate the IEnumerable employee Model as you can notice in line 2. To iterate the model we are using foreach loop and displaying Employee ID.

Some Handful Razor Syntax

There are few more syntax which I would like to cover in this article are mentioned below

1. Add Comments on View

@* …… *@ is used in View to comment the line or block

2. Wrap the nested content using block

@if(condition) {

Text contents goes here

}

3. Combine Multiple statements

If(condition){

}

If(another condition){

}

String mesg = “Everything looks good”;

Your message mesg

}

C# Essential Language Features Part 2

2012-08-08T13:37:00.001-07:00

C# Essential Language Features Part 2

This is continuous of Series “C# Essential Language Features”. Interested in Part 1,click here .We are going to explore more advanced C# Language features in this article. I will be covering some features which are good to know as general and while implementing the MVC application.

Automatic Type Inference

Var Keyword was introduced in C# 3.0, which allows you to define the variable without specifying the variable type as shows in Listing 1. This is called type inference or implicit typing.

Listing 1

static void Main(string[] args)

{

var myProduct = new Product { Name = "Dell XPS", Category = "Laptop", Price = 275M };

Console.WriteLine("Name of Product is " + myProduct.Name);

}

In the above Listing we are using the Product class as we used in our Part 1. In past we always create object of Product class and define explicitly that it is object of Product like

Product myproduct = new Product {Name = "Dell XPS", Category = "Laptop", Price = 275M };

myProduct in Listing 1 has the type and it is strong type as it will only allow you to access only the member of the Product Class and not anything else.

LINQ (Language Integrated Queries)

LINQ is also introduced in .Net 3.5. LINQ makes a query a first-class language construct in C# or VB. LINQ is the similar to SQL like structure/syntax for querying strongly typed data. You can query Objects, XML, SQL, Datasets and any collections of data which supports IEnumerable or the generic IEnumerable interface. Let see how we can query our Shopping Cart and Product data using LINQ in listing 2

Listing 2

static void Main(string[] args)

{

IEnumerable<Product> card = new ShoppingCart

{

Products = new List<Product> {

new Product {Name = "Dell XPS", Category = "Laptop", Price = 275M},

new Product {Name = "HP", Category = "Desktop", Price = 48.95M},

new Product {Name = "ThinkPad", Category = "Laptop", Price = 19.50M},

new Product {Name = "Acer", Category = "Desktop", Price = 34.95M}

}

};

Console.WriteLine("Using LINQ");

var prod1 = from c in card where c.Category == "Desktop" select c;

foreach (Product prod in prod1)

{

Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}, Price {1:c}", prod.Name, prod.Price);

}

Console.WriteLine("Using LINQ Order By");

var prod2 = from c in card orderby c.Price descending select c;

foreach (Product prod in prod2)

{

Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}, Price {1:c}", prod.Name, prod.Price);

}

Console.Read();

}

I have more explanation of LINQ in my previous article

http://kapildeomalhotra.blogspot.com/2011/01/v-behaviorurldefaultvmlo.html

Anonymous Types

Anonymous Type is also introduced in C# 3.0. Anonymous Types are created using Inference and Object Initializers. In other words we can create an object without declaring the type and class. Since the name of the data type is not declared or specified the type is referred as Anonymous Type.

Below listing shows how to create anonymous type and use that

Listing 3

var myType = new { Company = "Verint", FirstName = "Kapil" };

Console.WriteLine("Anonymous Type");

Console.WriteLine(myType.Company);

In Listing 3 myType is an anonymously type object. Looking into the fact is that it is not a dynamic in nature because the compiler will create a Type definition automatically. Compiler automatically generates the class with the members declared so it is strongly typed.

This is the End of Series “C# Essential Language Features”

C# Essential Language Features Part 1

2012-08-03T14:11:00.002-07:00

C# Essential Language Features Part 1

We are going to start looking into some basic and advanced C# Language features in this article. I will be covering some features which are good to know as general and while implementing the MVC application.

Object and Collection Intializers

Creating Object and then assigning values to the properties is every time task for the developer. Some time the object is consist of many properties/fields for which we need to assign some values as shown in Listing 1

Listing 1.

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

//Create a new Shopping Cart object

ShoppingCart cart = new ShoppingCart();

// Create a new Product Object

Product prod = new Product();

//Set the property value of Product

prod.Name = "Dell XPS";

prod.Category="PC";

prod.Description="Laptop from Dell";

prod.ProductID=01;

prod.Price=550;

//Set the properties

List<Product> lstProd = new List<Product>();

lstProd.Add(prod);

cart.Products = lstProd;

Console.WriteLine(cart.Products.Count);

foreach (Product prods in cart.Products)

{

Console.WriteLine("Product Name {0}, Price {1} , Category {2}", prods.Name, prods.Price, prods.Category);

}

Console.Read();

}

In above Sample ShoppingCart class holds the property which holds the List of Product. Now assigning the product to shopping card we have to assign the List to Shopping card. The above sample assign only one Product, now if you want to assign many product you have create different object of Product and add to the List of Product type which will be little cumbersome.

Now if we Initialize those values while creating the Object will help to reduce the complexity of assigning as shown in Listing 2.

Listing 2.

static void Main(string[] args)

{

ShoppingCart cart = new ShoppingCart

{

Products = new List<Product> {

new Product {Name = "Dell XPS", Category = "Laptop", Price = 275M},

new Product {Name = "HP", Category = "Desktop", Price = 48.95M},

new Product {Name = "ThinkPad", Category = "Laptop", Price = 19.50M},

new Product {Name = "Acer", Category = "Desktop", Price = 34.95M}

}

};

Console.WriteLine("Total Items in Cart is " + cart.Products.Count);

foreach (Product prods in cart.Products)

{

Console.WriteLine("Product Name {0}, Price {1} , Category {2}", prods.Name, prods.Price, prods.Category);

}

Console.Read();

}

Extension Methods

First thing will come in mind what is Extension Methods? Extension Methods are a convenient way of adding the methods to the class which you don’t own and you don’t have source code to modify those classes.

As mentioned above in Listing 1 about the ShoppingCart Class which holds the collection of Products

using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ShoppingCart

{

public List<Product> Products { get; set; }

}

Now assume this class is coming from Third party and we don’t have source code to modify this class. Now I want to add a method to this class to get the Total Value (Price) of the product Objects in the ShoppingCart. In this scenario the Extension Method is handy to implement that functionality as shown in Listing 3

Listing 3.

public static class ShoppingExtension

{

public static decimal TotalPrices(this ShoppingCart cartParam)

{

decimal total = 0;

foreach (Product prod in cartParam.Products)

{

total += prod.Price;

}

return total;

}

The this Keyword in front of the first parameter makes the TotalPrices as an extension mentioned for ShoppingCart

Applying an Extension Method

Calling Extension method TotalPrices() is shown in below Listing

static void Main(string[] args)

{

ShoppingCart cart = new ShoppingCart

{

Products = new List<Product> {

new Product {Name = "Dell XPS", Category = "Laptop", Price = 275M},

new Product {Name = "HP", Category = "Desktop", Price = 48.95M},

new Product {Name = "ThinkPad", Category = "Laptop", Price = 19.50M},

new Product {Name = "Acer", Category = "Desktop", Price = 34.95M}

}

};

Console.WriteLine("Total Prices is " + cart.TotalPrices());

Console.Read();

}

Extension Method to An Interface

We can also add the Extension Method to an interface, which allow us to call the extension mentioned on all of the classes which implements that interface. Listing 4 shows the ShoppingCart class is implementing IEnumerable<Product> Interface

Listing 4

public class ShoppingCart : IEnumerable<Product>

{

public List<Product> Products { get; set; }

public IEnumerator<Product> GetEnumerator()

{

return Products.GetEnumerator();

}

IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()

{

return GetEnumerator();

}

Let’s update the extension method as shown in Listing 3 as below

public static decimal TotalPrices(this IEnumerable<Product> cartParam)

{

decimal total = 0;

foreach (Product prod in cartParam)

{

total += prod.Price;

}

return total;

}

Now let’s call this extension method from main class.

static void Main(string[] args)

{

IEnumerable<Product> cart = new ShoppingCart

{

Products = new List<Product> {

new Product {Name = "Dell XPS", Category = "Laptop", Price = 275M},

new Product {Name = "HP", Category = "Desktop", Price = 48.95M},

new Product {Name = "ThinkPad", Category = "Laptop", Price = 19.50M},

new Product {Name = "Acer", Category = "Desktop", Price = 34.95M}

}

};

Console.WriteLine("Total Items in Cart is " + cart.TotalPrices());

Console.Read();

}

In above example you will notice that Shopping Cart is type of IEnumerable<Product> so assigning the object to IEnumerable<Product>.

Calling of TotalPrices will be same but now it can be applied to any Class which implements the Interface IEnumerable<Product>

Creating Extension Methods for Filtering

This is last thing I will be showing in part 1 of series. So now you get some hands on the extension method how to create and apply. Now I will show you how to add on to the extension method which will help you to filter the data.

An extension method that operates on an IEnumerable and that also returns an IEnumerable can use the yield keyword to apply selection criteria to items in the source data to produce a reduced set of results.

Will Create the Two Different types of Filters in Listing 5

Listing 5

public static class ShoppingExtension

{

public static decimal TotalPrices(this IEnumerable<Product> cartParam)

{

decimal total = 0;

foreach (Product prod in cartParam)

{

total += prod.Price;

}

return total;

}

public static IEnumerable<Product> FilterByCategory(this IEnumerable<Product> productEnum, string categoryParm)

{

foreach (Product prod in productEnum)

{

if(prod.Category.Equals(categoryParm)){

yield return prod;

}

public static IEnumerable<Product> Filter(this IEnumerable<Product> productEnum, Func<Product,bool> param)

{

foreach (Product prod in productEnum)

{

if (param(prod))

{

yield return prod;

}

As shown above you will see two Filters, one is FilterByCategory which is specific to the Category filed. So when you pass any value it will compare with Category property and return the collection of matching data.

Second method is more generic where we will be using Delegate. Where it will work on any Property of Product Class as the delegate is to use Product Class.

Below is the implementation how to use those filters,

static void Main(string[] args)

{

IEnumerable<Product> card = new ShoppingCart

{

Products = new List<Product> {

new Product {Name = "Dell XPS", Category = "Laptop", Price = 275M},

new Product {Name = "HP", Category = "Desktop", Price = 48.95M},

new Product {Name = "ThinkPad", Category = "Laptop", Price = 19.50M},

new Product {Name = "Acer", Category = "Desktop", Price = 34.95M}

}

};

decimal result = card.TotalPrices();

Console.WriteLine("Total from List {0}", result);

Console.WriteLine("Using Extension Method");

IEnumerable<Product> iProd = card.FilterByCategory("Desktop");

foreach (Product prod in iProd)

{

Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}, Price {1:c}", prod.Name, prod.Price);

}

Console.WriteLine("Using Delegate");

IEnumerable<Product> eProd = card.Filter(prod => prod.Category.Equals("Laptop"));

foreach (Product prod in eProd)

{

Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}, Price {1:c}", prod.Name, prod.Price);

}

How to consume Web Service from JavaScript, Ajax and Web Servicer behavior

2011-02-18T09:37:00.000-08:00

How to consume Web Service from JavaScript, Ajax and Web Servicer behavior

In my previous article I have already mentioned about how to create Web Service in .Net and consume that web service in ASP.Net.

Here I am going to show how to call Web Service from Java Script by referring to webservice.htc.

There are few different ways to call Web Service from Java Script, here I am using of webservice.htc to call Web Service.

First thing first, let us create Web Service which we will call from Java Script. I am going to use the same Web Service from my first article. Here I will not going over the Web Service, as I have already have detailed information in my first blog.

A Web Service Example

In the following example we will use ASP.NET to create a simple Web Service that converts the temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius, and vice versa:

The main line which needs to be uncommented out from the Web Service code is [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService] which will allow the web service to be accessed from JavaScript

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Services;

[WebService(Namespace = "http://SampleWebservice.com/")]

[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]

// To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line.

[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]

public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService {

public WebService () {

//Uncomment the following line if using designed components

//InitializeComponent();

}

[WebMethod]

public string HelloWorld(string message) {

return "Hello World " + message;

}

[WebMethod]

public int FahrenheitToCelsius(int far)

{

return ((((far) - 32) / 9) * 5);

}

[WebMethod]

public int CelsiusToFahrenheit(int cel)

{

return ((((cel) * 9) / 5) + 32);

}

This document is saved as an .asmx file. This is the ASP.NET file extension for XML Web Services.

How to Call the Web Service from Web Service Behavior

Main point here is to consider is the reference of webservice.htc. You can get more detail about webservice.htc here .

In below html file webservice.htc has been added to div tag using behavior attribute. Using CallService method of webservicer, we can call the Web methods defined in ASP.Net web service. Calling web service return the result in XML Soap from which we can get the resulted data as shown below.

WebServiceCalling.htm

DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<head>

<title>title>

function useService(webService, WSDL, name) {

var SSL = "";

var protocol = window.document.location.protocol;

var hostName = window.document.location.host;

if (protocol == "https:") {

SSL = "SSL";

}

// Connect to the web service

var string = parent.window.location.href.split("/");

var virtual = string[3];

webService.useService(protocol + "//" + hostName + "/" + virtual + "/" + WSDL + ".asmx?WSDL", name);

}

function doInit() {

//Initialises web service

useService(webServicer, "WebService", "WebService");

}

function convertFToC() {

//Runs web service when select button event is fired

var temp = document.getElementById("TempID").value;

alert(temp);

webServicer.WebService.callService(asynMessage, "FahrenheitToCelsius", temp);

}

function asynMessage(Result) {

if (Result.error) {

var strMess = "Error During Web Service Call ";

try {

strMess += " - " + Result.errorDetail.raw.selectSingleNode("//mserror:description").text;

alert(strMess);

} catch (e) { ; }

return false;

}

document.getElementById("Result").value = Result.value;

}

script>

.style1

{

width: 145px;

}

style>

head>

<tr>

<td class="style1">Temperature : td>

<br />

tr>

<tr>

<td class="style1"> Result Mesage : td>

<br />

tr>

<tr>

<button id="btnSubmit" type="button" onclick="convertFToC();" value="Show Result">Fahrenheit To Celsiusbutton> td>tr>

table>

body>

html>

Output

How to Call WebService from Ajax

Ajax, Cool ha. ASP.Net has so many Ajax control now to work with Async. model. ScriptManager control is one to call the services (Web Services). It includes all what you want and just need to call the Web Service method after having reference to .asmx (ASP.net Web service).

I am using the same Web Service as defined above and use the ScriptManager from Ajax Toolkit to call the .asmx. Just Simple drag and drop the control to your .aspx page and set the service reference. In Code you will see below and how to call the web service method.

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<title>Calling Web Servicetitle>

function onClick() {

var temp = document.getElementById("TempID").value;

var proxy = Service.FahrenheitToCelsius(temp, onSuccess, onFailure);

}

function onSuccess(sender, e) {

document.getElementById("Result").value = sender;

}

function onFailure(sender, e) {

alert("Problem retrieving XML data");

}

script>

head>

<body>

<div>

<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">

<asp:ServiceReference Path="Service.asmx" />

Services>

asp:ScriptManager>

div>

<div>

<tr>

Temperature :

td>

<td>

td>

<br />

tr>

<tr>

Result Mesage :

td>

<td>

td>

<br />

tr>

<tr>

td>

tr>

table>

div>

form>

body>

html>

Output

How to Call Web Service from JQuery (Ajax)

Recently I started using JQuery (Java API Library) and found it has large variety of Java Script functions encapsulated to do job easy and fast. So thought to include how we can use JQuery to Access Web Service. I am using JQuery 1.5 which you can download from JQuery Site.

Below is the piece of code from Client Side, How to use JQuery. I am using the same web service from above, JQuery is all about the magic of ‘$’ and Selectors. JQuery has the Ajax capabilities to call/load the data Async.

Below code, I use the $.ajax to call the Web Service URL and pass the parameter to the Web method of web service, it return the success or failure as shown.

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default2.aspx.cs" Inherits="Default2" %>

DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<title>title>

$(document).ready(function () {

$("#CalculateTemp").click(function (event) {

getData();

});

function getData() {

var url1 = "Service.asmx/FahrenheitToCelsius";

$.ajax({

url: "Service.asmx/FahrenheitToCelsius",

type:"POST",

contentType:"application/json;charset=utf-8",

dataType:"json",

data:"{'far': '" + $('#TempID').val() + "'}",

success:Result,

error: AjaxFailed

});

}

function Result(result) {

$("#Result").val(result.d);

}

$(document).ready(function () {

$("#sayHelloButton").click(function (event) {

$.ajax(

{

type: "POST",

url: "Service.asmx/HelloWorld",

contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8",

dataType:"json",

data: "{'message': '" + $('#name').val() + "'}",

success:function(msg){

AjaxSuccess(msg);

error: AjaxFailed

});

function AjaxSuccess(msg) {

//$("#Result").val(msg.d);

alert(msg.d);

}

function AjaxFailed(result) {

alert(result.status + ' ' + result.statusText);

}

script>

head>

<body>

<div>

<h1> Calling ASP.NET AJAX Web Services with jQuery h1>

Enter your name:

<br />

<input id="sayHelloButton" value="Say Hello"

type="button" />

div>

<div>

<tr>

Temperature :

td>

<td>

td>

<br />

tr>

<tr>

Result Mesage :

td>

<td>

td>

<br />

tr>

<tr>

td>

tr>

table>

div>

form>

body>

html>

Output

Hope this will help for beginners and others to compare which one is more effective to there project based on there requirements.

Using LINQ to XML

2011-01-18T09:13:00.000-08:00

LINQ to XML

Using LINQ to XML

Here I would like to explain how to use LINQ to Query XML and XML Objects. As we know, XML is extensively used because of its popularity. XML provides data in a more accurate, flexible, and adaptable way.

LINQ is more a query tool to Query different type of Data. Either it can used to query different types of Objects, SQL Data, and XML Data etc.

I have already given sample how to query Objects; here I am going to use XML data instead.

Creating XML Tree using LINQ

private void btnCreate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

try

{

//Creating XML Tree using the LINQ to XML Object and Save that in XML file

XDocument doc = new XDocument();

XElement contactsList =

new XElement("Contacts",

new XElement("Contact",

new XElement("Name", "Kapil"),

new XElement("Phone", "206-555-0144",

new XAttribute("Type", "Home")),

new XElement("Phone", "425-555-0145",

new XAttribute("Type", "Work")),

new XElement("Address",

new XElement("Street1", "300 Colonial Centre Pkwy"),

new XElement("City", "Roswell"),

new XElement("State", "GA"),

new XElement("Postal", "30076")

)

new XElement("Contact",

new XElement("Name", "Yashu"),

new XElement("Phone", "206-555-0144",

new XAttribute("Type", "Home")),

new XElement("Phone", "425-555-0145",

new XAttribute("Type", "Work")),

new XElement("Address",

new XElement("Street1", "300 Colonial Centre Pkwy"),

new XElement("City", "Roswell"),

new XElement("State", "GA"),

new XElement("Postal", "30076")

)

);

// Save the contact in XML file

contactsList.Save("C:\\Save.xml");

}

catch (XmlException ex)

{

MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

}

In above piece of code, I am using XML Object to create XML tree using LINQ. You can use the XML DOM also to create the tree, but using the LINQ XML it is more efficient and faster. It is faster because LINQ to XML provides an in-memory XML programming interface.

Functional construction uses the XElement and XAttribute constructors to build an XML tree. Here we constructed the XML tree using the LINQ to XML functional construction.

Show XML Data Using LINQ

Here I am Using LINQ to show (display) the XML Data from the XML file. Below is the Form I will be using throughout this article.

Designer Code

I am just showing the name of the fields from the designer, You can create the form and use the following name.

this.richTextBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox();

this.btnShow = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.btnCreate = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.lblName = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.lblPhone = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.label4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.label5 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txtName = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

this.txtPhoneWork = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

this.txtPhoneHome = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

this.txtStreet = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

this.txtCity = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

this.txtState = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

this.txtPin = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

this.btnShow1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.SuspendLayout();

private void btnShow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

// Load the XML file using XElement, you can load the xml with different object also

// XMLReader can also be used to load or read the xml

// In following we are searching the xml which has the element name=Kapil and get the elment for that Node

// Now we get the filltered data which is another set of xml (element), now you can use the IEnuramble to enumarte and display the each

// Item in text field or where you need that.

XElement contacts = XElement.Load("C:\\Save.xml");

XElement filterName = new XElement("FilteringByName",

from contact in contacts.Elements("Contact")

where (string)contact.Element("Name").Value == "Kapil"

select new XElement("Contact", contact.Elements()

)

);

richTextBox1.Text = filterName.ToString();

}

In the above piece of code, we are loading the XML file using XElement LINQ Object. You can show whole XML but I am filtering the XML Data based on the Name element. To filter the data I am using LINQ to Query the XML data based on name.

As you see in code, it is like your SQL Query where you are looking into the XML with where clause to filter out the data. Select has been used to return the Element Data for that name specified in where clause.

The result will be shown in Text filed as

Kapil

206-555-0144

425-555-0145

300 Colonial Centre Pkwy

Roswell

30076

Show Contact Information

Query Element

As show in the above screen I am showing the contact information in each field from XML Data. In traditional XML DOM Object that can be accomplished by using the XPath or selecting each node from XML Element.

But here we are going to use the LINQ to query the each node of the XML element and display in the appropriate filed.

private void ShowContact(XElement element)

{

XElement contactname = new XElement("Name", from name in element.Element("Contact").Elements("Name")

select new XElement("Name",name.Value));

var contactphonew = (from phone in element.Element("Contact").Elements("Phone")

where (string)phone.Attribute("Type") == "Work"

select phone);

XElement contactphoneh = new XElement("PhoneHome",from phone in element.Element("Contact").Elements("Phone")

where (string)phone.Attribute("Type") == "Home"

select new XElement("Phone",phone.Value));

IEnumerable<XElement> contactaddress = from name in element.Element("Contact").Elements("Address")

select name;

txtName.Text = contactname.Value;

txtPhoneWork.Text = ((XElement)contactphonew.First()).Value;

txtPhoneHome.Text = contactphoneh.Value;

foreach(XElement address in contactaddress)

{

txtStreet.Text = address.Element("Street1").Value;

txtCity.Text = address.Element("City").Value;

txtState.Text = address.Element("State").Value;

txtPin.Text = address.Element("Postal").Value;

}

LINQ is as powerful as shown in above code, the pattern for each query is similar. Here I have used the different approaches to use the LINQ. Drilling down to each element and getting their values.

Using Object Value to Store the Values

Here I am going to show different mechanism to Query the Element and Store in Class Object (Object Values).

To make it simple I have a Class with some property

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

namespace LinqToXML

{

public class ContactDataObject

{

public string Name { get; set; }

public string PhoneHome { get; set; }

public string PhoneWork { get; set; }

public string Street { get; set; }

public string City { get; set; }

public string State { get; set; }

public string Postal { get; set; }

}

LINQ Query

Now we can use LINQ to query the XML file and store the relevant data to object. The mechanism is same to query the XML using somewhat similar syntax. The difference here is we are storing the data while we are queering the XML file for that person name.

public ContactDataObject SetContact(XElement element) {

ContactDataObject data = (ContactDataObject)(from contact in element.Descendants("Contact")

select new ContactDataObject()

{

Name = contact.Element("Name").Value,

Street = contact.Element("Address").Element("Street1").Value,

City = contact.Element("Address").Element("City").Value,

State = contact.Element("Address").Element("State").Value,

Postal = contact.Element("Address").Element("Postal").Value,

PhoneHome = (from phone in contact.Elements("Phone")

where (string)phone.Attribute("Type") == "Home"

select new XElement("Phone",phone.Value)).First().Value

}).FirstOrDefault();

return data;

}

In above we are passing the Element and storing the values to property of ContactDataObject class. Below is the code how we are calling the above function and displaying the data to field.

private void btnShow1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {

XElement contacts = XElement.Load("C:\\Save.xml");

XElement filterName = new XElement("FilteringByName",

from contact in contacts.Elements("Contact")

where (string)contact.Element("Name").Value == "Kapil"

select new XElement("Contact", contact.Elements()

)

);

richTextBox1.Text = filterName.ToString();

ContactDataObject data = SetContact(filterName);

txtName.Text = data.Name;

txtPhoneHome.Text = data.PhoneHome;

txtStreet.Text = data.Street;

txtCity.Text = data.City;

txtState.Text = data.State;

txtPin.Text = data.Postal;

}

I hope that will guide most of the people how to use the LINQ to query or get the data from XML file. I have taken simple scenario for understanding.

Use of Delegate and Lambda Expression

2010-09-15T19:56:00.000-07:00

Use of Delegate and Lambda Expression

There are remarkable changes in the C# from the 1.0 Version. C# 2.0 and C# 3.0 has introduced lots of new thing they way we handle the things. Here I would like to discuss about the use of Delegates and Lambda Expression’s. Lambda Expressions has been introduced in C# 3.0 (2008).

What is Delegate?

"A delegate is a reference type that represents a method with a specific signature and return type."

Delegates allow you to pass a function to another function. As a concept, it's similar to functions as first-class types in functionally languages. A typical delegate usage is as a callback for asynchronous method calls.

A delegate in C# is similar to a function pointer in C or C++. Using a delegate allows the programmer to encapsulate a reference to a method inside a delegate object. The delegate object can then be passed to code which can call the referenced method, without having to know at compile time which method will be invoked.

Call a Function directly - No Delegate

In most cases, when we call a function, we specify the function to be called directly. If the class MyClass has a function named Process, we'd normally call it like this (SimpleDelegateSample.cs):

namespace NoDelegate

{

public class MyClass

{

public void Invoke() {

Console.WriteLine("Invoke () begin");

Console.WriteLine("Invoke () end");

}

public class Test

{

static void Main(string[] args) {

MyClass myClass = new MyClass();

myClass.Invoke();

}

That works well in most situations. Sometimes, however, we don't want to call a function directly - we'd like to be able to pass it to somebody else so that they can call it. This is especially useful in an event-driven system such as a graphical user interface, when I want some code to be executed when the user clicks on a button, or when I want to log some information but can't specify how it is logged.

Call a Function - Delegate

namespace BasicDelegate

{

// Declaration

public delegate void SimpleDelegate();

class TestDelegate

{

public static void MyFunc() {

Console.WriteLine("I was called by delegate ...");

}

public static void Main() {

// Instantiation

SimpleDelegate simpleDelegate = new SimpleDelegate(MyFunc);

// Invocation

simpleDelegate();

}

A delegate can be initialized with inline code, called an "anonymous method." This method takes a string as an input parameter.

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

class Program

{

delegate void Print(string s);

static void Main(string[] args) {

Print p = delegate(string s) { Console.WriteLine("We are printing" + s); };

p("Hello");

Console.Read();

}

What is Lambda Expression?

A lambda expression simply defines an anonymous function. A function is something that takes one or more parameters (just as a method does)

In C# 3, the "=>" syntax is used to write a lambda expression. You place the parameters to the left of the arrow and the expression to compute to the right. The lambda expression can be assigned to delegate as shown below

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

class Program

{

delegate void Print(string s);

static void Main(string[] args) {

Print p = delegate(string s) { Console.WriteLine("We are printing" + s); };

p("Hello");

Console.WriteLine("Lambda Expression ");

Print p1 = (x) => { Console.WriteLine("We are printing using Lambda " + x); };

p1("Wow, it's Cool");

Console.Read();

}

Below is the Sample Code which shows use of delegate and lambda expression. I have take here the Type List so that I can show the different way of using “anonymous function”

Product.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication

{

class Product

{

public string Name { get; private set; }

public decimal Price { get; private set; }

public Product(string name, decimal price)

{

Name = name;

Price = price;

}

public Product() { }

public static List<Product> GetProductInformation()

{

List<Product> prod = new List<Product>();

prod.Add(new Product("Soap", 11));

prod.Add(new Product("Toothpaste", 10));

prod.Add(new Product("Brush", 12));

prod.Add(new Product("Shampoo", 10));

return prod;

}

public override string ToString()

{

return string.Format("{0}: {1}", Name, Price);

}

Implemented the IComparer Interface to sort the product.

CompareProduct.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication

{

class CompareProduct: IComparer<Product>

{

#region IComparer Members

public int Compare(Product x, Product y) {

return x.Name.CompareTo(y.Name);

}

#endregion

}

Main Program

Program.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

Console.WriteLine("Product .......");

foreach (Product pro in Product.GetProductInformation())

{

Console.WriteLine(pro.ToString());

}

Console.WriteLine(" Using IComparer Interface to Compare");

List<Product> product = Product.GetProductInformation();

product.Sort(new CompareProduct());

Console.WriteLine();

Console.WriteLine("Sorting 1.......");

foreach (Product pro in product)

{

Console.WriteLine(pro.ToString());

}

List<Product> product1 = Product.GetProductInformation();

Console.WriteLine();

Console.WriteLine("Sorting 2.......");

foreach (Product pro in product1.OrderBy(p => p.Name))

{

Console.WriteLine(pro.ToString());

}

List<Product> product2 = Product.GetProductInformation();

product2.Sort((first, second) => first.Name.CompareTo(second.Name));

Console.WriteLine();

Console.WriteLine("Sorting 3.......");

foreach (Product pro in product2)

{

Console.WriteLine(pro.ToString());

}

Predicate<Product> criteria = delegate(Product p)

{

return p.Price == 10;

};

List<Product> product3 = Product.GetProductInformation();

List<Product> matches = product3.FindAll(criteria);

Console.WriteLine("Finding with price 10.......");

Action<Product> print = delegate(Product p)

{

Console.WriteLine(p);

};

matches.ForEach(print);

Console.WriteLine("Lamda expression with Printing & Finding with price > 10.......");

List<Product> products = Product.GetProductInformation();

foreach (Product product4 in products.Where(p => p.Price > 10))

{

Console.WriteLine(product4);

}

Console.WriteLine("Delegate to Printing & Finding with price == 10.......");

List<Product> finalProduct = Product.GetProductInformation();

finalProduct.FindAll((delegate(Product p) { return p.Price == 10; })).ForEach((delegate(Product p) { Console.WriteLine(p); }));

Console.Read();

}

How to consume/use the Web Service from Application

2010-06-02T18:45:00.000-07:00

How to consume/use the Web Service from Application

I have come across the situation where I have the Web Service wrote during the VB 6.0 using the Soap Toolkit from the COM component, I want to consume the Web Service from the .Net Application (C# or ASP.net). There are few ways to consume the Web Service either wrote from .Net version or any other application.

Here I would like to share how to consume the Web Service in .Net application. As most of us know what is Web Service so I will not go deep into that.

I have generated the WSDL (Web Service Descriptor Language) from the COM (+) component using the SOAP Toolkit. SOAP will generate the .WSDL, .WSMX and .asp file which we can use to access the Web Service.

Step 1:

1. Create the C# application (windows)

2. Add the Web Reference and Include the WSDL file under the Web Reference folder.

3. Give the name to that Web Reference i.e. CallWS

4. Set the Web Reference URL to something like

http://servername/virtualdirectory/services/APIEnterprise.WSDL

Now you have the Web reference added to your application. You can now access the Web Service and exposed API’s of that Web Service.

Open the form and add the button. On Button click event will access the Web Service and Its Function.

To access the Web Service we have to create the Instance from the Web Reference name.

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Xml;

namespace ConsumeWebService

{

public partial class Form1 : Form

{

public Form1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void btnShow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

CallWS.EyrAPIEnterprise call = new CallWS.EyrAPIEnterprise();

call.Url = "http://server/virtualdirectory/services/APIEnterprise.asp";

//If you are using the Default Credential then set this property to true.

//call.UseDefaultCredentials = true;

//If you are using Windows (NTLM) authetication then set the below property.

call.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultNetworkCredentials;

string systemID = string.Empty;

XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

string xmlString = ((System.Xml.XmlNode[])call.GetSystems())[0].OuterXml;

doc.LoadXml(xmlString);

textBox1.Text = xmlString;

//You can get the value from the XML output using the XPath

}

How to consume the ASP.net Web Service

Now in .net we can have the Web Service written in ASP.net (.asmx) and use that in ASP.net or C# (windows) application.

First we will create the Web Service using ASP.net. You can create using the VS IDE or Simple in any text editor.

A Web Service Example

In the following example we will use ASP.NET to create a simple Web Service that converts the temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius, and vice versa:

public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService {

public WebService () {

//Uncomment the following line if using designed components

//InitializeComponent();

}

[WebMethod]

public string HelloWorld() {

return "Hello World";

}

[WebMethod]

public int FahrenheitToCelsius(int far)

{

return ((((far) - 32) / 9) * 5);

}

[WebMethod]

public int CelsiusToFahrenheit(int cel)

{

return ((((cel) * 9) / 5) + 32);

}

This document is saved as an .asmx file. This is the ASP.NET file extension for XML Web Services.

So when you open the Web Service from the browser using the following

http://localhost:4834/WebSite1/WebService.asmx

You will see the below list of the methods which we made as the Web Method. This the web methods exposed by the Web Service. Now for to test, you can click on any method for e.g. CelciusToFarheneit, it will show you the next part where you can input the number and click on the Invoke button.

The Web service will then take that Input and convert the value from celcius to Far as show below in the next pic.

How to Call the Web Service from ASP.net Application

To access the Web Service and exposed function, I am going to use the same approach as I did first time when accessing SOAP Web service. There are few other ways also but just to keep in sync I am using the same one.

You have to follow the Step 1 of the first section, and the following code

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Xml;

namespace ConsumeWebService

{

public partial class Form1 : Form

{

public Form1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void btnShow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

localhost.WebService call = new localhost.WebService();

call.Url = "http://localhost:4834/WebSite1/WebService.asmx";

call.UseDefaultCredentials = true;

int far = call.CelsiusToFahrenheit(30);

int cel = call.FahrenheitToCelsius(86);

StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();

result.Append("30 Celcius = " + far + " Fahrenheit");

result.AppendLine();

result.Append("86 Fahrenheit = " + cel + " Celcius");

textBox1.Text = result.ToString();

}

How to Upload and Download the Files in ASP.net

2010-03-21T16:54:00.000-07:00

How to Upload and Download the Files in ASP.net

There are number of times the user wants to upload some file and want the way to download the files from the server. ASP.net provides the FileUpload control to upload the file to the web server. It provides the easy way to upload the file to the server; the coder has not to write whole logic to read the files and writes to the web server.

Here I will mention how to use the File Upload control and upload the files to the server. I have added one more button to download the file from the server. Response Object provides the AddHeader method where you can mention the different type of Header passed to the client.

Here I have use the content-disposition and attachment attribute, where you can specify the file name which you want to pass to the client. On client web browser will prompt the user to download the file.

Client Side Code: Default.aspx

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<title>title>

head>

<body>

<div>

<tbody>

<tr>

<td>

<asp:FileUpload ID="FileUpload1" runat="server" BorderStyle="Solid" ForeColor="Black"

Width="329px" BackColor="White" />

td>

tr>

tbody>

table>

<tbody>

<tr>

<td>

<asp:Button ID="btnUpload" Text="Upload" runat="server" OnClick="btnUpload_Click" />

td>

<td>

<asp:Button ID="btnDownload" Text="Download" runat="server" OnClick="btnDownload_Click" />

td>

tr>

tbody>

table>

div>

form>

body>

html>

Default.aspx.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.IO;

public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page

{

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

}

protected void btnUpload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

String filePath = FileUpload1.FileName;

String strFileName = "";

if (FileUpload1.PostedFile != null)

{

HttpPostedFile file = FileUpload1.PostedFile;

//Get the size of the file so you can read the file

int contentLen = file.ContentLength;

if (contentLen > 0)

{

strFileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath);

file.SaveAs(Server.MapPath(strFileName));

}

protected void btnDownload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

string fileName = "Amazon.txt";

string filePath = Server.MapPath(fileName);

Response.Clear();

Response.AppendHeader("content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + filePath);

Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";

Response.WriteFile(filePath);

Response.Flush();

Response.End();

}

Hope this will guide how to upload and download the files from the web server.

VB Script to read the environment variables

2010-02-21T19:19:00.000-08:00

VB Script to read the environment variables

Many time working with the application either the Web based or some install application we need to read the environment variables.
The user can create either of the following environments variable based on their need.

1. User Environment variable
2. System Environment variable

VB Script to Read the User Environment Variable

Dim oWsh, Shell
Set oWsh = CreateObject(“WScript.Shell”)
Set Shell = oWsh.Environment(“USER”)
Path = Shell.Item(“USERVAR”)
WScript.echo Path
WScript.Quit(0)

VB Script to Read the System Environment Variable

Dim oWsh, Shell
Set oWsh = CreateObject(“WScript.Shell”)
Set Shell = oWsh.Environment(“System”)
Path = Shell.Item(“SYSTEMVAR”)
WScript.echo Path
WScript.Quit(0)

Hope this straight forward technique will help

Send Mail in ASP.net 2.0 using SMTP Client and Mail Message with GMail

2009-09-13T12:41:00.001-07:00

Send Mail Using SMTPClient and MailMessage in ASP

Send Mail Using SMTPClient and MailMessage in ASP.net 2.0 with GMail

Introduction

Sending Mail is become essential to web development and many sites. They used to send the reminders, the promotions to the subscribers and so forth. Email serves as the asynchronous notification and information distribution system.

Fortunately, ASP.net makes sending email very ease and powerful. Now the developer can utilize and develop powerful mailing system with very few lines of code. The .Net Framework provides the very rich sets of object which is used to send mail. System.Net.Mail namespace has all the class (objects) which one can use to send mails.

Exploring the Classes in the System.Net.Mail Namespace

There are 16 different classes in the System.Net.Mail namespace, all related to send email to a specified Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) server for delivery. The two core classes in this namespace are:

MailMessage - represents an email message; has properties like From, To, Subject, Body, and so on.
SmtpClient - sends a specified Mail Message instance to a specified SMTP server.

Numbers of Steps performed to send mail using ASP.net 2.0 are

Create the MailMessage Object with all the information has mentioned above
Create the SmtpClient Object to send the Message created using the MailMessage Object.
Specify the SMTP Host (server) name and its port to send mail from the specified mail id.
You can use the GMail Smtp server to send mail if you don’t have one.
You can send the attachment with the mails which you can specified to Mail Message properties.

Configure SMTP Server Configuration in Web.Config File

Add below code in config file and replace the properties with actual values

Configuration >

  system.net>

    mailSettings>

             host="serverName"

             port="portNumber"

             userName="username"

             password="password" />

...

You can configure the SMTP properties in code behind too depends how you want to use.

Send Mail from Mailing Page

Default.aspx

<table bordercolor="#339933" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="55%" align="center" border="1">

<tr>

<td>

<table cellpadding="4" width="70%" align="center" border="0"> <tr bgcolor="#339933">

    <td align="center" colspan="2" style="background-color: #999999"><span id="lblHeader" style="font-weight:bold;">Gmail Account Details for Sending Mailsspan>td> tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right" width="40%">Username:td> <td

valign="middle" width="60%"> <input name="txtUserName" type="text" id="txtUserName" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:X-Small;width:350px;" />

td>

tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right" width="40%">Passwordtd> <td

valign="middle" width="60%"> <input name="txtPassword" type="password" id="txtPassword" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:X-Small;width:350px;" />

td>

tr>

<tr bgcolor="#339933"> <td align="center" colspan="2"

        style="background-color: #999999"><span id="Label1" style="font-weight:bold;">SMTP

Mail with Attachmentspan>td>

tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right" width="40%">From :td> <td valign="middle"

width="60%"><input name="txtSender" type="text" id="txtSender" tabindex="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:X-Small;width:350px;" />td>

tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right">To :td>

<td><input name="txtReceiver" type="text" id="txtReceiver" tabindex="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:X-Small;width:350px;" />td>

tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right">Cc :td>

<td><input name="txtCc" type="text" id="txtCc" tabindex="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:X-Small;width:350px;" />td>

tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right">Bcc :td>

<td><input name="txtBcc" type="text" id="txtBcc" tabindex="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:X-Small;width:350px;" />td>

tr> <tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right">Subject :td>

<td><input name="txtSubject" type="text" id="txtSubject" tabindex="2" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:X-Small;width:350px;" />td>

tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right">Format :td>

<td><table id="rblMailFormat" border="0">

        <tr>

               <td><input id="rblMailFormat_0" type="radio" name="rblMailFormat" value="Text" checked="checked" tabindex="3" /><label for="rblMailFormat_0">Textlabel>td><td><input id="rblMailFormat_1" type="radio" name="rblMailFormat" value="HTML" tabindex="3" /><label for="rblMailFormat_1">HTMLlabel>td>

tr>

table>td>

tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right">Message :td>

<td height="84"> <p><textarea name="txtBody" rows="5" cols="40" id="txtBody" tabindex="4" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:X-Small;width:350px;">textarea>p> td>

tr>

<tr>

<td valign="middle" align="right">Attachment :td><td><input name="inpAttachment1" type="file" id="inpAttachment1" tabindex="5" size="53" />td> tr>

<tr>

<td align="center" colspan="2"><input type="submit" name="btnSend" value="Send" id="btnSend" tabindex="9" style="width:100px;" />td>

tr>

<tr>

<td align="center" colspan="2"><span id="lblMessage">span>

td>

tr>

table>

td> tr> table>

    form>

Code behind Default.aspx.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Net.Mail;

using System.IO;

using System.Drawing;

………………………….

protected void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

try

{

/* Create a new blank MailMessage with the from and to

adreesses*/

MailMessage mailMessage = new MailMessage(txtSender.Text, txtReceiver.Text);

/*Checking the condition that the cc is empty or not if

not then * include them

if (txtCc.Text != null && txtCc.Text != string.Empty)

{

mailMessage.CC.Add(txtCc.Text);

}

/*Checking the condition that the Bcc is empty or not

if not then

* include them

if (txtBcc.Text != null && txtBcc.Text != string.Empty)

{

mailMessage.Bcc.Add(txtBcc.Text);

}

//Ading Subject to the Mail

mailMessage.Subject = txtSubject.Text;

//Adding the Mail Body

mailMessage.Body = txtBody.Text;

/* Set the properties of the MailMessage to the

values on the form as per the mail is HTML formatted or plain text */

if (rblMailFormat.SelectedItem.Text ==

"Text")

mailMessage.IsBodyHtml = false;

else

mailMessage.IsBodyHtml = true;

/* We use the following variables to keep track of

attachments and after we can delete them */

string attach1 = null;

string attach2 = null;

string attach3 = null;

/*strFileName has a attachment file name for

attachment process. */

string strFileName = null;

/* Bigining of Attachment1 process & Check the first open file dialog for a attachment */

if (inpAttachment1.PostedFile != null)

{

/* Get a reference to PostedFile object */

HttpPostedFile attFile = inpAttachment1.PostedFile;

/* Get size of the file */

int attachFileLength = attFile.ContentLength;

/* Make sure the size of the file is > 0 */

if (attachFileLength > 0)

{

/* Get the file name */

strFileName = Path.GetFileName(inpAttachment1.PostedFile.FileName);

/* Save the file on the server */

inpAttachment1.PostedFile.SaveAs(Server.MapPath(strFileName));

/* Create the email attachment with the uploaded file

Attachment attach = new

Attachment(Server.MapPath(strFileName));

/* Attach the newly created email attachment */

mailMessage.Attachments.Add(attach);

/* Store the attach filename so we can delete it later

attach1 = strFileName;

}

/* Set the SMTP server and send the email with attachment */

SmtpClient smtpClient = new SmtpClient();

smtpClient.Host = "smtp.gmail.com";

smtpClient.Port = 465;

smtpClient.Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential(txtUserName.Text, txtPassword.Text);

//this will be the true in case of gamil and it varies

//from the service provider

smtpClient.EnableSsl = true;

smtpClient.Send(mailMessage);

/* Delete the attachements if any */

try

{

if (attach1 != null)

File.Delete(Server.MapPath(attach1));

}

catch { }

/* clear the controls */

txtSender.Text = string.Empty;

txtReceiver.Text = string.Empty;

txtCc.Text = string.Empty;

txtBcc.Text = string.Empty;

txtSubject.Text = string.Empty;

txtBody.Text = string.Empty;

txtUserName.Text = string.Empty;

/* Dispaly a confirmation message to the user. */

lblMessage.Visible = true;

lblMessage.ForeColor = Color.Black;

lblMessage.Text = "Message sent.";

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

/* Print a message informing the user about the exception that was risen */

lblMessage.Visible = true;

lblMessage.ForeColor = Color.Red;

lblMessage.Text = ex.ToString();

}

Happy Coding

Working with IIS Metabase with DirectoryServices in .Net

2009-08-29T17:24:00.000-07:00

Introduction:

While working with the IIS we all like to know the settings done on the Virtual Directory are correct or not. So we are going to see how to do that programmatically.

To check some properties of the IIS (Virtual Directory) of Web based application

after install, one can create custom application for that.

There are list of IIS Properties which we can get after post installation. The list of properties exposed by the IIS API or Web Settings Property is mentioned below

AuthFlags

Path

AppFriendlyName

EnableDirBrowsing

AccessRead

AccessExecute

AccessWrite

AccessScript

AuthNTLM

EnableDefaultDoc

DefaultDoc

AspEnableParentPaths

The above settings are configured in the Metabase of the IIS.

IIS Metabase:

IIS Metabase is a structure where IIS configuration settings are stored. The metabase configuration and schema for IIS 4.0 and IIS 5.0 were stored in a binary file, but from IIS6.0 the configuration and setting is stored in single binary file (MetaBase.bin), with plain text, Extensible Markup Language (XML) formatted files named MetaBase.xml and MBSchema.xml. You can navigate through the IIS Metabase using MetaEdit or Metabase Explorer.

The Metabase is based on a hierarchical design with inheritance. Each object in the metabase has a KeyType. The KeyType property specifies the type of metabase key.

Implementation:

.Net provides the namespace which is used to get the properties of the IIS Virtual Directory. .Net have the "System.DirectoryServices" namespace which exposes the DirectoryEntry Class.

Code:

WebSettings.cs:

public class WebSettings

{

//Authentication Bitmask Values

//Constant Value Description

public const int MD_AUTH_ANONYMOUS = 0x00000001;

//Anonymous authentication available.

public const int MD_AUTH_BASIC = 0x00000002;

//Basic authentication available.

public const int MD_AUTH_NT = 0x00000004;

//Windows authentication schemes available.

string Auth_Type;

public string calc(int AuthValue)

{

if (AuthValue == MD_AUTH_ANONYMOUS)

{

Auth_Type = "ANONYMOUS ACCESS ENABLED";

}

if (AuthValue == MD_AUTH_BASIC)

{

Auth_Type = "BASIC ACCESS ENABLED";

}

if (AuthValue == MD_AUTH_NT)

{

Auth_Type = "INTEGRATED WINDOWS ACCESS ENABLED";

}

if (AuthValue == (MD_AUTH_ANONYMOUS + MD_AUTH_NT))

{

Auth_Type = "INTEGRATED WINDOWS + ANONYMOUS ACCESS ENABLED";

}

if (AuthValue == (MD_AUTH_ANONYMOUS + MD_AUTH_BASIC))

{

Auth_Type="BASIC + ANONYMOUS";

}

if (AuthValue == (MD_AUTH_ANONYMOUS + MD_AUTH_NT))

{

Auth_Type = "INTEGRATED + ANONYMOUS";

}

if (AuthValue == (MD_AUTH_BASIC + MD_AUTH_NT))

{

Auth_Type = "BASIC + INTEGRATED";

}

if (AuthValue == (MD_AUTH_ANONYMOUS + MD_AUTH_BASIC + MD_AUTH_NT))

{

Auth_Type = "ANONYMOUS + BASIC + INTEGRATED";

}

return Auth_Type;

}

Main.cs

string serverName;

string vDir;

serverName = System.Environment.MachineName;

vDir = "DirectoryName";

vdir = new DirectoryEntry("IIS://" + serverName + "/W3SVC/1/ROOT/" + vDir);

wbs = new WebSettings();

string[] sComp = new string[12];

sComp[0] = "AuthFlags";

sComp[1] = "Path";

sComp[2] = "AppFriendlyName";

sComp[3] ="EnableDirBrowsing";

sComp[4] ="AccessRead";

sComp[5] ="AccessExecute";

sComp[6] ="AccessWrite";

sComp[7] ="AccessScript";

sComp[8] ="AuthNTLM";

sComp[9] ="EnableDefaultDoc";

sComp[10] ="DefaultDoc";

sComp[11] ="AspEnableParentPaths";

ListViewItem[] listViewItem = new ListViewItem[12];

lstIISProperty.Items.Clear();

for (int i = 0; i <>

{

//lstComponents.MultiColumn = 2;

lstIISProperty.Sorting = SortOrder.Ascending;

if (sComp[i] != null)

{

listViewItem[i] = new ListViewItem(new string[]{ sComp[i], IISPropertyValue(sCompi]), fnExpected_Value(sComp[i])}, -1);

lstIISProperty.Items.Add(listViewItem[i]);

}

Authentication Modes in ASP.Net for Security

2009-08-29T17:20:00.000-07:00

Introduction:

When you begin a program for a customer using ASP.Net, you should consider about security. Security is one of the most important components of any application. Security is even more important when you are making a web application which is exposed to million of users. Asp.net provides classes and methods that ensure that the application is secure from outside attacks. In this article we will investigate the different types of authentication provided by ASP.Net. In web.config file you can set authentication mode value 'windows' or 'forms'. What's about difference and how to you use them? (Authentication have some other values to, this article does not consider them.)

Configure the Security Settings in the Web.config File:

This section demonstrates how to add and modify the and configuration sections to configure the ASP.NET application to use window-based or forms-based authentication.

How to use mode "Windows"?

Change the authentication mode to Windows.

Windows Authentication mode provides the developer to authenticate a user based on Windows user accounts. This is the default authentication mode provided by ASP.Net. You can easily get the Identity of the user by using User.Identity.Name. This will return the computer name along with the user name. Windows authentication also provides IsInRole method to find the role of the user and than you can give permissions to the user depending on the role.

authentication>

Deny access to the anonymous user in the section as follows:

authorization>

Other you can make a special client to access you project with windows authentication. Code like this (this case you can get value using 'User.Identity.Name', then you can use it to do other work you like.):

authorization>

How to use mode "Forms"?

Change the authentication mode to Forms.

Insert the tag, and fill the appropriate attributes. (For more information about these attributes, refer to the MSDN documentation)

First you should specify a page and make sure all clients can found it. Code like this

authentication>

Deny access to the anonymous user in the section as follows:

authorization>

Second in that page you to validate the user's Id and Password. Code like this:

You can use one of two methods to generate the forms authentication cookie and redirect the user to an appropriate page in the cmdLogin_ServerClick event. Sample code is provided for both scenarios. Use either of them according to your requirement.

(1). Call the RedirectFromLoginPage method to automatically generate the forms authentication cookie and redirect the user to an appropriate page in the cmdLogin_ServerClick event:

private void cmdLogin_ServerClick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

If (ValidateUser(txtUserName.Value,txtUserPass.Value) )

{

FormsAuthentication.RedirectFromLoginPage(txtUserName.Value, false);

}

else

{

Response.Redirect("logon.aspx", true);

}

(2). Generate the authentication ticket, encrypt it, create a cookie, add it to the response, and redirect the user. This gives you more control in how you create the cookie. You can also include custom data along with the FormsAuthenticationTicket in this case.

Private void cmdLogin_ServerClick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

if (ValidateUser(txtUserName.Value,txtUserPass.Value) )

{

FormsAuthenticationTicket tkt;

string cookiestr;

HttpCookie ck;

tkt = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(1, txtUserName.Value, DateTime.Now,

DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30), chkPersistCookie.Checked, "your custom data");

cookiestr = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(tkt);

ck = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, cookiestr);

if (chkPersistCookie.Checked)

ck.Expires=tkt.Expiration;

ck.Path = FormsAuthentication.FormsCookiePath;

Response.Cookies.Add(ck);

string strRedirect;

strRedirect = Request["ReturnUrl"];

if (strRedirect==null)

strRedirect = "default.aspx";

Response.Redirect(strRedirect, true);

}

else

Response.Redirect("logon.aspx", true);

}

Additional Notes:

You may want to store passwords securely in a database. You can use the FormsAuthentication class utility function named HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile to encrypt the passwords before you store them in the database or configuration file.

You may want to store the SQL connection information in the configuration file (Web.config) so that you can easily modify it if necessary.

You may consider adding code to prevent hackers who try to use different combinations of passwords from logging on. For example, you can include logic that accepts only two or three logon attempts. If the user cannot log on in a certain number of attempts, you may want to set a flag in the database to not allow that user to log on until that user re-enables his or her account by visiting a different page or by calling your support line. In addition, you should add appropriate error handling wherever necessary.

Because the user is identified based on the authentication cookie, you may want to use Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) on this application so that no one can deceive the authentication cookie and any other valuable information that is being transmitted.

Forms-based authentication requires that your client accept or enable cookies on their browser.

The timeout parameter of the configuration section controls the interval at which the authentication cookie is regenerated. You can choose a value that provides better performance and security.

Certain intermediary proxies and caches on the Internet may cache Web server responses that contain Set-Cookie headers, which are then returned to a different user. Because forms-based authentication uses a cookie to authenticate users, this can cause users to accidentally (or intentionally) impersonate another user by receiving a cookie from an intermediary proxy or cache that was not originally intended for them.

Create Navigation Based Application in WPF

2009-08-29T17:06:00.000-07:00

This article will demonstrate how to create the Navigation Based Windows Application in WPF.

There are two types of windows applications the first one is Standard Windows Application which is normally the same old style Stand alone or some time we say Desktop based application. The second one is called as Navigation Based Application which is kind of the Web type application. The behavior is some what as the Wizard Type of application where you can navigate between the windows and perform the task.

The WPF has given the way to create the Web Page kind of Windows application, where one can navigate between the Window or Page controls.

Normally when you create the WPF Application the XAML creates the Window control and which has the Title, Width, Height and Windows Startup attribute as shown below

Window1.xaml:

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication2.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x=http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml Title="ListView" Height="350" Width="400" Loaded="Window1_Loaded">
Window>

But when you create the Navigation based application the control has the Page tag instead Window tag and it does can't have Title and few more properties/attributes. The Page tag looks like as below.

Page1.xaml:

Example 1: The below example show how to implement the Navigation based application. Basically once you put the Page tag, it will render the window with the Navigation Toolbar as shown in Figure 1.

Window1.xaml

<Page x:Class="wpfnavigationwindow_cs.Window1"

xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

WindowHeight="300" WindowWidth="300"

<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center" FontSize="25">My First Navigation AppTextBlock>

<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">This is my Network..TextBlock>

StackPanel>

Go <Hyperlink NavigateUri="Page1.xaml">HereHyperlink> to go to Next Page.

<Hyperlink NavigateUri="http://www./www.c-sharpcorner.com">Go to the SiteHyperlink>

TextBlock>

StackPanel>

Page>

Windows1.xaml.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows;

using System.Windows.Controls;

using System.Windows.Data;

using System.Windows.Documents;

using System.Windows.Input;

using System.Windows.Media;

using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;

using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace wpfnavigationwindow_cs

{

///

/// Interaction logic for Window1.xaml

///

public partial class Window1 : System.Windows.Controls.Page

{

public Window1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

Figure 1

When you click on Here Link then it will navigate to Next Page as mentioned in the NavigationURI property of Hyperlink control. The URI has the Page control (XAML) file and once you move the next page it will enable the Navigation Toolbar as shown in the Figure 2

Page1.xaml

<Page x:Class="wpfnavigationwindow_cs.Page1"

xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

<Grid>

<TextBlock>This is Page 1. Congratulations you made it.TextBlock>

Grid>

Page>

Figure 2

But the good practice to make the Navigation based application use the NavigationWindowinstead of Page control. As Page Control is mostly used for the Web Based Application and other benefit you can have the Window Control Properties. Now you can set the Title Property for the NavigationWindow.

Another benefit is you can set the Soruce which will open the Windows Control inside the NavigationWindow Control. The XAML page will look like

Window2.xaml

<NavigationWindow x:Class="wpfnavigationwindow_cs.Window2"

xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

Title="Here is my application" Height="300" Width="300" Source="Window1.xaml"

NavigationWindow>

Note: The Source is set to the Window1.xaml, so it will open the window1.xaml inside the NavigationWindow

Now you can set the StartupUri attribute of App.xaml to Window2.xaml so the when you run the application it will open the NavigationWindow application.

App.xaml

<Application x:Class="wpfnavigationwindow_cs.App"

xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

StartupUri="Window2.xaml"

<Application.Resources>

Application.Resources>

Application>