echo

BOII etymology

2019-05-03T16:52:00.000-07:00

in 1590 Abraham Ortelius from Antwerpen made a map of Illyria and Pannonia based on books available in his time of ancient tribes and countries around 100 BC to 50 BC.
On this map just around the title in upper right corner is situated BOI tribe which is important in attempt to reconstruct modern etymology of battle, heraldry, military leaders, titles, banners and anything else in this sense.

Here;
section with position of BOI tribe

at the same time I noticed Teutoburg, while irrelevant for our subject I thought it's position is interesting, namely today this town is called ERDUT and situated in Bačka, Croatia, next to BANAT and bellow Srem. It is BANat we want in this case.

But tribe BOI down in 100 BC was situated in what is today Hungary, between lake Balaton basin and Danube.

on many historic ocurances of Boii it is said that

They lived in unwalled villages, without any superfluous furniture; for as they slept on beds of leaves and fed on meat and were exclusively occupied with war and agriculture, their lives were very simple, and they had no knowledge whatever of any art or science. Their possessions consisted of cattle and gold, because these were the only things they could carry about with them everywhere according to circumstances and shift where they chose. They treated comradeship as of the greatest importance, those among them being the most feared and most powerful who were thought to have the largest number of attendants and associates.

In short these folk was always ready for the move, to attack or defend, extremely fisty and holds a whole range of ancient military merit because it was a lot writen about them. This map shows some of the encounters with them.

Their accounts show such significant dispersion that one may suspect if it was name of a tribe in sense of blood or family relation (cause tribe is basic unit for everything else that led to modern society we know today) or was it something else behind name Boii?
First tribe had mother as central character because of obvious relation of children to mother and birth kin and also cause men lived apart from women and children, they lived for hunt and some times pillage or herding and marriage as we know it today was invented later and in begin it was a royal thing used as bonding medium, while relations, love and familiar ties always existed. Lifestyle was more loose back in prehistory and ancient times before arrival of Christianity.

Platulus said about captivated Boi;
He is no more Sicilian, he is Boi ,he is with Boi woman. (At nunc Siculus non est, Boius est, Boiam terit)
If this was literal translation it would mean that anyone married into Boi family, even a man from another tribe would became Boi, instead of taking women into his tribe.

But there meaning of "woman of the Boii" is a mockery which actualy is "convicted criminal's restraint collar".... This will say that Boii were also outsiders of legal system where they would intrude or fight.

In this case BOI meant BOJ or VOJ in Slavic tongue which means Battle which Boii have been trough and trough.

FOOTBALL ORIGINATED IN DALMATIA BY ILLYRIANS

2018-07-11T09:33:00.000-07:00

More than one hundred years ago, an inhabitant of Sinj embedded a stela found in Gardun on the façade of the house he was building located in the present Vrlicka Street.
The headstone shows a young boy Gaj Laberian holding a ball in his hand. It was later proved and published in the official paper of UEFA that the boy was holding a football in his hand which also reveals that the Cetina region is the ancient homeland of football.

Did football originate in England or in Dalmatia?
Or perhaps even by Thracians who were Illyrian kin folk?

This silver-gilt bowl from Zareva mogila-tumulus near Shipka, Kazanluk region, 3rd c. BC. is clearly showing football design that is kept to this day.

Photo: FIFA

July 1973: The game of football started in Dalmatia and not in England?
The Illyrians Dalmati have been kicking the leather ball even before our era!

Thanks to the persistent research by the archaeologist Josip Britvić, the Dalmatian Zagora has been given a new, unique and for the whole world a somewhat strange attraction. According to what Britvic found, and later confirmed by special envoys of the International Football Federation, football was not born in England - but in the valley of Cetina, near Sinj!

This is evidenced by two thousand years old stone relief. He shows a young man and a football ball, and is housed in a family home. In fact, there is something above the entrance to the sewing machine shop, just across the main city square.

How did a monument with a young man's figure and a soccer ball come to this building in Sinj?

Following the explanations provided by the loving Sini Archeologist Britvić, the monument was excavated in the village of Gardun near Trilja in the middle of last century.

A little later, the first owner of the present home sent him to Sinj and installed it in his apartment building, hoping that his home would be different from the others in the then small place.

How the rules of football played in Cetina Valley were not known to anyone. However, it is certain that all the features of the monument have begun to nurture Iliri Dalmati. They were perhaps the most important of all Illyrian warriors.

It is known that for over 200 years they have been defending successfully before the Roman Empire, not allowing them to plunder them as other tribes and peoples along the Mediterranean coast. And they were not only brilliant warriors, but also, in their spare time, they skillfully bred cattle and dealt with the farm. Especially from their hands were the processing of metal and stone. This is evidenced by the many monuments that left them behind. With all of its activities, much needed to maintain the type, Iliri Dalmati were happy to have fun, and a special leather ball that was frappantly to the today's popular "bubamara"!

They played some kind of football. He was so popular and he conquered the viewers that the members of the Roman legions immediately accepted it once they had succeeded in conquering and subjugating brave warriors from the present Dalmatian Zagora.

It happened in the great war from the sixth to the ninth year before the new era. In it, the brave warriors finally laid down their weapons. In general romance and they accepted all the habits of the lives of many conquerors who also did not dare to accept the habits of the natives. Of course, the ones they liked. So playing with a leather ball got new enthusiasts. Soon it spread to all the Roman legions. It became the most popular party of the lowest representatives of the Roman army, and was nurtured by its commanders.

Like all his peers and a seventeen-year-old son of a Commander of the Centurion, he liked the game with a leather ball. Every day he practiced with friends. So, when he died a bit later in one of the then frequent battles, his father raised his monument, wanted to mark his son's love for a game accepted by the abject tribes.

Thus, on the tombstone, the so-called stela, is depicted by a young man in the sporting equipment of that time - with leather straps. With his right hand he holds a soccer ball consisting of a series of hexagons, which leads to the belief that it is not a ball or some other rounded sports device, but the right ball of ball to play the first football in the world!

Written by: Vinko Bezić (A-Š, 1973)

Etymology of the word SLAVS

2017-11-17T13:43:00.000-08:00

Slaveni means Glorious in Slavic.
Slovo is letter.
Skla-Veni is combination of two different groupations Scoloti and Veneti. Scoloti are eastern Scythians or R1a haplogroups and Veneti are of I2 haplogroup or ancestral European male.

Insulting and probably demeaning intentions stood after naming a originaly þeow or þræl as slave so that it sounds like Slavs.

Slave, "to enslave," from slave (n.). The meaning "work like a slave" is first recorded 1719.
Later on Grose's dictionary (1785) has under Negroe "A black-a-moor; figuratively used for a slave," without regard to race.

More common Old English words for slave were þeow (related to þeowian "to serve") and þræl (see thrall).

In late 13c., "person who is the chattel or property of another," from Old French esclave (13c.), from Medieval Latin Sclavus "slave" (source also of Italian schiavo, French esclave, Spanish esclavo), originally "Slav" (see Slav); so used in this secondary sense because of the many Slavs sold into slavery by conquering peoples.

Sclaveni exist much longer, first left is Sklavinia.

Facsimile: Das Evangeliar Ottos III. : Clm 4453 der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek München, ed. Florentine Mütherich and Karl Dachs (Munich: Prestell, 2001)

TILL DEATH DO US PART

2017-08-05T17:14:00.000-07:00

From a human perspective, perhaps most noteworthy about the Slana Voda burial (as is the case with the mass graves at Mahrevići and Vir) is the fact that the bodies are of male and female ‘warriors’, i.e. of both men and women, arranged together with their weapons.

The positioning of the bodies, burial ritual, and accompanying archaeological material at Slana Voda indicate that this a war burial carried out at the middle of the 2nd c. BC (Zotović op. cit.), which coincides chronologically with the first historical accounts of conflict between the Roman Empire and the Illyrian tribes (see ‘Scordisci Wars’ article).

The Mass Grave from Slana Voda

“To robbery, slaughter, plunder, they give the lying name of Empire; they make a solitude and call it peace”.
Chieftain Calgacus

In the year 1971 an extraordinary archaeological discovery was made at the locality of Slana Voda (Salty Water), near the village of Krajčinovići, in southwestern Serbia. A mass burial containing 25 partially burnt skeletons was found, along with a wealth of archaeological material, including pottery, bronze dishes, jewelry, 60 iron swords, and other weaponry (Zotović R. Social and Cultural Aspects of the Burial Krajčinovići –Slana Voda (South-West of Serbia, Middle of II c. BC. In: Acta Terrae Septemcastrensis, VI, 1, 2007. Pp. 199-205).

The site is remarkable for a number of reasons, foremost among them the fact that it had previously been thought that his part of western Serbia was uninhabited in the late Iron Age, i.e. this was the first archaeological material to be found in the area dating between the 5th c. BC and the Roman period (loc cit.). Therefore, the site provided the first confirmation that western Serbia was indeed inhabited in the pre-Roman period.

1. the archaeological material from the necropolis from Komini near Pljevlja shows, althought from the early time of Roman conquest, autochtonic elements and the similar archaeological material and in some cases the way of burial with the far away territory of the middle part of roman province of Dalmatia, the territory of Japodi and later on Dalmati,
2. the all archaeological material including also the epigraphic from the period from I-IV c. on the territory of the western Serbia and north of Montenegro shows very long stays of tradition of older iron age (for example jewlery, pottery, clouths), and 3. the epigaphic material shows, especially from the surounding of Pljevlja and Prijepolje, appearence and existing of celtic names. So, on the two necropolis around Pljevlja, socalled necropolis Komini I and II, archaeological material shows that the pottery from the period of I c. AD have the shapes which point on the older tradition of halshtat and latene period (Cermanović- Kuzmanović 1980, 231, 228-229). Also, on this territory there are appereance of the scythian pottery, as well as the possible symbiosis of scythian and ilirian cultural elements on the roman grave monuments, if we speak about the style on the relief presentation on it (Зотовић 1995, 83-88).

Epigraphic material from this territory, which we can marked as a part of the eastern part of the roman province of Dalmatia, shows also the analogy with the epigraphic material from the middle Dalmatian coast, and with them made the group which Katičić named as the unique group of the south-east name's territory (Katičić 1962;1963). The appereance of the grave monuments in the shape of cube with the pyramide, which is characteristic only for the eastern part of the province of Dalmatia (to which also belongs with the similar cultural and ethnic characteristics the territory of the eastern part of nowdays Bosnia and Hercegowina), belongs also to the inheritance of the older mediteranian type of cipus which get another morphological picture in the time of the roman rule (Zotović 1995, 30-39; 199).

Illyrian sica amongst weapons,
Scythian style jewelry
while Snake shaped earrings might be Illyrian considering their cosmology .

The material from the burials is also particularly noteworthy, consisting of mostly Scythian material (with older Illyrian influences to be observed in some of the pottery), and imported Hellenistic pottery and jewelry, which illustrates trade contacts between the Scythian population in this area and the Hellenistic world. Two further burials across the border in modern Bosnia Herzegovina were excavated in the 20th c. at Mahrevići by Čajniče (Truhelka, Ć. 1909. Gromila latenske dobe u Mahrevićima kod Čajniča, Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja u Sarajevu XXI, p. 425-442) and Vir by Posušje (Marić, Z. 1962. Vir kod Posušja, Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja u Sarajevu N.S. XVII, p. 63-72). At both of these sites the burial rituals (positioning of the bodies etc.) and archaeological material uncovered were similar to the Slana Voda burial.

SKANDERBEG - SLAVIC HISTORY

2017-08-01T11:19:00.000-07:00

SKANDERBEG

Skanderbeg is today Albanian national hero,not because he is realy Albanian-Shqipetarian but because our "historians" know so much about him so they let him to Albanians.Lets see crucial evidences of Scanderbeg 100% Slavic and Serbian nationality,based on documents and facts.
Many thanks to Ivan Nusic that helped collecting most of the documents.

LANGUAGE

Skanderbeg didnt know Albanian language because it didnt exist in that times.There is not one Skanderbegs letter on Albanian language.From his letters can be concluded that he know only Slavic and Latin language.Lets see some of his letters addressed to Dubrovnik on Slavic language and Cyrilic script from book
"Monumenta serbica spectantia historiam Serbiae, Bosnae, Ragusii",author Franz Miklosich,year 1858,link https://archive.org/stream/monumentaserbica00mikluoft#page/n3/mode/2up

First letter -

Second letter -

Third letter -

NAME

We see from letters that he name himself as "Georgius" on Latin and "Гјорги"-"Gjorgi" on Slavic.Surname Castriot is not Greek but Latin.Castrum means "Castle" in Latin,and suffix "Ot" is typical for Macedonia,so surname can be translated as "Keeper of castles".Skanderbegs name is Slavic,surname Latin with Slavic-Macedonian elements

FATHER

His father was Ivan, Slavic name, and he didnt know Albanian language what we can see in his letters addressed to Dubrovnik.Book "Законски споменици српских држава средњега века",Tome 5,page 793,author Stojan Novaković,publisher Serbian royal academy,year 1912

Letter is written on Slavic language and Cyrilic script -

GREAT GRANDFATHER

Skanderbegs great grandfather was Serb Branilo from Montenegro,he served to Tsar Dushan and he made him ruler of city Janina in Epir. Later he is expelled from there by Toma Preljubovic and he escaped in Albania.Book "Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste, in alphabetischer Folge von genannten Schriftstellern",year 1868,page 122,proves Serbian nationality of Branilo -

"Der Serbe Branilo".

MOTHER

His mother was Vojislava from Polog,Macedonia,she is daughter of Serbian nobleman,probably one of Brankovic royal family.In historical records she is named as "Tribalda" what can be translated as "Tribalka","Triballian".Triballians is second medieval name for Serbs.Venetian historian Marinus Barletius in his biography of Skanderbeg wrote that her father was "Triballian prince" - "pater nobilissimus Triballorum princeps".Karl Hopf in his book "Chroniques Greco-romanes",year 1873 conclude that Vojislava was daughter of Serbian nobleman.Bulgarian historian Vasil Zlatarski conclude same as Hopf.Oliver Smit professor of history on Viena university in his book "Skanderbeg: Der neue Alexander auf dem Balkan" say that Vojislava was Serbian princess from Brankovic family etc

Voislava Kastriot

From; Skender Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja u Bosni i Hercegovini,Kosta Herman, Sveska XIII, Sarajevo, Zemaljska štamparija, 1901, str. 130-131.

HILANDAR

Hilandar is well known Serbian monastery on Mount Athos and he proves Scanderbegs family Slavic and Serbian nationality.Scanderbegs father and brother Repos are buried there as some other Serbs.Scanderbeg build in Hilandar "Albanian pirg" because he want to help holy monastery of his people.

Skenderbeg original Eagle from his seal,year 1450

FOREIGN AUTHORS

Many foreign authors consider Skanderbeg and his family Slavic and Serbian.

-Byzantine historian Theodore Spandugino Cantakuzinо in his book of Turkish history,year 1551,wrote that "Scanderbeg is physicaly strong man,Serb by nationality" in original "Scanderbeg, huomo valoroso della persona, il qual essendo per natione Serviano".Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/1982274_2653528003…

-Book "Chroniques gréco-romanes: inédites ou peu connues,pub. avec notes et tables généalogiques",author Carl Hermann Friedrich Johann Hopf,year 1873,page 334.In this page Hopf quotes Albanian nobleman Jovan Muzaka and his chronicle "Breve memoria de li discendenti de nostra casa Musachi" which is published first time in this Hopfs book.Jovan Muzaka says that "Scanderbeg huome valente e per nature Serviano" or "Scanderbeg is Serb by nationality".Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/17156258_744829072…

-From transcription of "Sarola coat of arms" from 17.century we see Skanderbeg coat of arms with title "Roy de Seruie ou Despote" or "Serbian prince and despot".Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/10003159_265354766…

-Book "Geschichte der Bulgaren",author Constantin Jos. Jiriček,year 1876,page 368. "Skanderbegs family was Slavic.His great grandfather was Branilo".Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18341928_780668935…

-Book "Islamic Desk Reference",author E. J. Van Donzel,page 420. "Skanderbeg was of Serbian origin".Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18268494_780674538…

-Book "Hobbes: Leviathan: Revised Student Edition",author Thomas Hobbes,Cambridge University Press.Skanderbeg Serb.Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18222693_780698385…

-Book "Encyclopedia Britanica: A new survey of universal knowledge",year 1952,page 726."Royal dynasty was Serbian.Branilo founder of family Kastriot,his grandson Jovan married Serbian princess Vojislava..." Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18301979_781116712…

-Books "Encyclopedia Americana",Tome 24,year 1993,page 878 and "Central and Eastern Europe",author John Dornberg,page 200.Skanderbeg was of Serbian origin.Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18275181_781135018…

-Book "Denkschriften",Tome 16,year 1869,page 86,author Johan Georg Von Hahn."Mat is homeland of Serbs Castriots,not

Albania

",link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18268306_781142618…

-Book "Ursprung und Wirkung der französischen Kultureinflüsse in Südosteuropa",author Franz Thierfelder,year 1943,page 113."Skanderbeg was Slav",Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18274926_781123805…

-Book The Heroes of Defeat",аuthor William Jackson Armstrong,year 1905,page 196.Castriot family is Serbian.Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18342482_782715815…

SLAVIC AUTHORS

Many Serbian authors consider Skanderbeg as Serbian prince.Lets see.

-Book "Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja u Bosni i Hercegovini",author Kosta Herman,year 1901,Tome XIII,page 130."Branilo is first from family Kastriots who is recorded in historical documents.Next is Pavle Kastriota,next Konstantin and his brother was Ivan.Ivan had wife Vojislava and their son was Skanderbeg(Djura Kastriota) etc" Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/14045739_636296009…

-Skanderbeg as Serbian knight on first page in one calendar from Zagreb,year 1911.On his shield is written "History of Nemanic dynasty" and islamic moon with star and chains symbolize Skanderbegs victories agains muslims.Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/15589519_700396843…

-This is only for Serbians,sorry.From "Pigeon,newspaper for Serbian jouth",author teacher Jovan Blagojevic,Sombor.Skanderbeg as Serbian nation hero.Link for reading http://www.biblioso.org.rs/digitalna_zbirka_prikaz.php…

-Book "Illyrian peninsula",second edition,author Jovan Dragašević,year 1901,page 587."Skanderbeg was oly Serb who have international glory".Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/15541869_700586293…

-Book "Javor,newspaper for fun,science and literature",author Ilija Ognjanović,1891 year,page 623.And this is only for Serbs,sorry.Skanderbeg is Serb here,same story.Link https://archive.org/stream/javor05ognjgoog…

-Book "Messenger of Serbian scientist society",Tome 28,year 1879,page 40."Christian armies,Magyars and Serbs,are guided by 2 great heroes of this time-John Hunyadi and Skenderbeg".Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/15442300_700607406…

-New book about Skanderbegs Serbian origin,visit site "Skenderbeg.rs" https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/18402937_783975375…

-Skanderbegs coat of arms "Kastriotich" from our Slavic "Illyrian armories",Fojnica Armorial from 17 century.Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/1780669_2653563003…

-Skanderbegs coat of arms "Kastriotich" from our Slavic "Illyrian armories",Korenić-Neorić Armorial,16 century.Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/1797408_2653564903…

-Serbian soldiers on Skenderbegs grave in Jafer Kasab,Albania,during First Balkan war.Link https://scontent.fbeg5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/…/17498745_756724904…

On numerous drawings of Skenderbeg he is drawn exactly the same, as Dinarid phenotype, same as his mother Voislava easily recognised by characteristic long cranial height and elongated, narrow nose typical for Dinaric race. This phenotype is linked with genetic ancestry to I2 haplogroup which is concentrated amongst South Sklaveni.

PAGANS etymology

2017-03-24T20:37:00.002-07:00

6th century Pagania acording to Ptolemy

Pagania was province of Dalmatia situated around river Neretva that is made out of 6 rivers flowing into one and creating fertile valley in between mountain chains.

Later in time it will become synonym for extermination of Pagans in entire Europe.

Crusades started in Europe as murder squads to beat Christianity into those that refused it so far.
Their first attacks are recorded on SE of Europe.
Macedonia's St Lydia was first christian women in Europe.
Macedonia is SE from Illyria or Dalmatia.

So first Crusades are recorded in Pagania, area around Neretva river where 6 rivers flow into one.
Salinas Price wrote a book where he situated Troja acording to Homers description.
A small town called GABELA was suspected not just by it's obvious connection with name Kybele but the megalithic towns like Daorson near by.

No wonder that these people kept their native belief so dear to them and resisted cruel and opressing Christianity.
The Crusaders tossed babies alive into fire or on spears.
In revenge to Paganians they cleared Dalmatia of children.
Acording to other sources this happened more then once but this is not confirmed, it wouldn't be the first case of obscuring documents from side of Vatican as well as falsifying them.
This is why word PAGAN is latin starting from Vatican terminology.

Attacks on Dalmatia, Salona which was ancient pagan center culminated in 16th century when Dalmatian Bischops refused to sanctify a Crusader,
Vatican sends troups and destroy Salona with dinamite/barut explosions.

To this day Pope in Vatican wears a ritualistic tunic called Dalmatica for special occasions.
Wolf got dressed into the sheeps clothes literarly.

9th century Pagania

10th century Pagania

COMPARISON OF VARIOUS ANCIENT COIN INSCRIPTIONS writen in Slavic grammar

2017-01-22T11:34:00.000-08:00

OV or OY extensions on coins mean HIS.
Today this form exist in Slavic family names and it comes second including fathers name; father Leon, son Ivan; his name will be Ivan Leonov plus family name of previous ancestor,
probably first name indicating a tribe.
Word Coin or Koine comes from Slavic word KOVAN metal.
Anything made in metal including coins is Kovano so that metal coins are always called in general kovan-ice (ice is deminutiv)
Kaleno is other word that is used in process of metal work but it means going trough fire - Kaliti.
Kal is Clay, also mud which indicates that burning of metal was done in ceramic ovens made of clay.

Illyrian coins FROM KING BALLAOV

BALLAIOY

BALLAOV

Dmitry Donskoy coins 14th century, Russian coin

LYZIMAXOY Bazileos

Thrakian King

FILIPPOY

ANTIGONOY

ALC?ANDROV
NOTE; C is S, way before "Kirils" alphabet for Slavic people.

DIMITRIOY
Lydian coin

ZELEYKOY
Seleukid King Seleukos I Nikator

Vasilel Gaookleoy

Antiochus Grippus Coin
ANTIOYOY EPIFANOV

MENANDROY

Indo-Macedonian king Menander (=Milinda) (r.c.160-130),
bilingual Macedonian - Kharoshthi, also known as Gandhari

Ptolemaic Arsinöe II AV Oktadrachm. Alexandria under Ptolemy II, 253-246 BC.
Q to left
ARSINOHS FILADELFOY

VIKING RUSS

2016-12-17T18:23:00.000-08:00

Drawing of Rurik the first from Russian archives.
He is founder of Rurik dinasty who's name is nowhere mentioned.

Rus ,Ruser, Ruserna, Russes, Varangians, Varyager, Viking

Chronicle of Nestor, Kiev Chronicle, or Povest vremennykh let (Tale of bygone years)

which is primal source on Ruriks says that Vikings took name Russi after Kievan Rus was formed, before that they were Slavs.

German scholars presented what is known as the “Normanist theory” (because Vikings in France founded Normandy and became known as Normans).

At this page of Nestor's Chronicle he says that Varyags renamed themselves to Russ but first they were Slavic but they were called Polyani before because they were forest cutters and they created fields but they have one language which is Slovin.

Here is same excerpt from Nestor's Chronicle in Serbian language.

Ancient Mizians and Macedonians were Slavic, Pelasgo-Trachian people were also Slavic.

Then he talks about Scythian or Scoloti and Sarmatians as Slavic people.

He also writes about change of Slavic names into Germanic like Rodovlad into Ratwald, Rogovlad into Rogowald, Svyatopolk into Zwentibold, Vladimir into Waldemar, Igor into Ingvar etc

source; Saveljev

In the chronicle of „Annali Di Moscovia 1227“
Rurik founder of the dynasty of Kievan Rus is not a Viking, but Slavic Vandal: „Unable to agree on the election of a new leader, the Russians sent the governors in Vagria, Vandal city, in the province in the past on a big voice, Vandals at that time very powerful, and to that of the same language, customs and religion as Russians, they sent them three brothers for rulers, chosen from the best and most powerful Vandals men. They were Rurik, Sinav and Truvor, Rurik gain possession of Novgorod, Sinav establish itself on the White Lake, and Truvor belong principality Pleskovija headquartered in Svortcehu.
From German historian Baron Sigismund von Herberstein (1486-1566) ) who lived in Russia, in book: „Rerum Moscoviticarum Commentarii, Notes on the Moscovites, 1556“, also known as the „Notes on Russia“, has been universally acknowledged as the most important historical and ethnographical work on early 16th c. Russia

Manuscript-of-the-ibn-Fadlan-(10th century) where he calls Vinkings Russ.

Mauro Orbini 16th century, he states all members of Slavic kingdoms, amongst them are Suedi ,Finni, Gothi, Burgundi, Massageti, Hyrri, Daci, Prussi, Ostrogoti, Visigothi and many more including standard Slavs.

Docs from Upsalla where it is written in Slavic about Swedish kings, I wrote about this before

http://fishcalledsanda.blogspot.be/2016/06/names-of-european-kings-karlo-karel.html

People that were forbiden to speak Wendish are todays Germanics.

Punishment for speaking Wendish was death penalty.
While rulers kept language for themselves.

Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen, y 1325

It was always significant to me that Slaveni call Germans Njemci which means mute (nem) to discover so many years later this unfortunate destiny of these people.
If you were to check etymology of Germanic towns you will find their painfull ancestry writen in Slavic. Like Berlin, from Berl - pond, mud, it was a marshland.

To close this article I will post Y - Dna charts of R1a haplo group which is clearly Slavic.

and of I1 and I2 which are ancestral European males, this haplo group does not appears anywhere else, highest peaks are at Dalmatia and parts of Bosnia and Scandinavia.
Both groups overlap both Germany and Scandinavia.

Special thanks to Иван Нушић / Ivan Nusic
in research of old Slavic Chronicles.

from the historian Lyudmila Gordeeva
http://krasvremya.ru/rus-varyagi-ne-vikingi/

"Russ-Vikings - The Vikings are not"

While in the movie is the movie "Viking", boil and disputes "as it really was?" Specially for the magazine "TV Program" his vision of the problem is the historian Lyudmila Gordeeva.
Neither Vladimir the Baptist, nor do any of the Rus-Rurik, the creators of the Russian state, did not belong to the tribe of predatory Scandinavians - the Vikings, their raids bedeviling Europe. The ancestors of the Rus (Russia) were Slavs, the Vikings, many centuries living on the southern and south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea.
The centuries-old dispute
Interest to the "where there went the Russian land" goes to the far Middle Ages, commending the age-old dispute and supporters of Norman antinormanskoy (Slavophil) theories. First, Normanists believe that Rousseau led by Rurik came at the call of Novgorod to rule over them from Scandinavia, Normandy, most likely - in Sweden or Denmark. Like, Slavs-Novgorod who invited Rurik, the people were backward, incapable of independent nation-building. Hence, the very appearance of the Russian state - it is a merit of the Normans, and did not even indigenous Slavs. And because the Russians, however, are not very independent people, which is quite in need of external management.
This theory originated in the early eighteenth century through the efforts of German historians who labored on the Russian service of Mr. Bayer and F. Miller. At that time, Russia was fighting with Sweden for the Baltic Sea, and, of course, raised the question of moral rights in the Russian territory of these. The Germans were the first to realize how strengthens the right of the conqueror, if he realizes that he does not simply take someone else's land, but also returns the, originally belonged to his ancestors. They seem to be nice to know the ancient Frankish sources that with undisguised pride describes how Germans with fire and sword conquered southern and eastern Baltic, once inhabited by Slavs. Russian these materials at that time did not know their own annals - and those treated without reverence. However, when in 1749 Friedrich Gerhard Miller became in his report on "The Origin of the name of the Russian people and" argued that it was the Swedes were at the origins of the Russian state, many Russian scientists have rebelled.
Academics, which included Vasily Trediakovskii and Mikhail Lomonosov about the report, said that supposedly ungrateful Germans "in the whole speech a single case has not shown to the glory of the Russian people, but only mentioned that more that to dishonor serve can."
In normannistov direct evidence is not, but there is a great desire to put the Russian "in place" and the huge support of the German scientists who, as mentioned, have come up with this theory, and particularly reinforced it with Hitler, who was trying to prove that «Deutschland uber alles» - Germany above all, and Russian - the defective people. And because, they say, Russia, as a state secondary, dependent, shall submit to the Germans, as once the Normans. Now they have even begun to shoot a documentary about what the city and some in Russia have built us Normans, and culture - from them, and if they do not - the Russians, perhaps, would still be lived, probably, in the dugouts.
We arguments slavophiles more thoroughly. All the ancient Russian and European chronicles clearly indicate that Russ-Vikings - it is related to Novgorod Slavs, that they lived on the southern shores of the Baltic, and a visiting Novgorod Rurik was the grandson of the ruler Gostomysl pricked by his daughter. It mentions ioachim chronicle, come down to us in the arrangement Tatishcheva. Thus, we consider the most important arguments Antinormanists Slavophiles.
Russia - the Vikings of the "Tale of Bygone Years"
Referring to the ancient Russian source - chronicle "Tale of Bygone Years" (the PVL), preserved to our days on parchment in 1377, we must first of all understand for themselves: do we believe him or not. And do not act like supporters of Norman theory: that confirms their fantasies, they believe that does not correspond - reject. Their entire theory is based on the legend of the vocation PVL Novgorod Rurik to rule - this fact they trust. And the author's specific instructions on the origin of Rurik and the Rus, in their place of residence, they are neglected.
Naturally, chronicles the monk scribe Lawrence, depicting the manuscript on his name, he did not compose this document - he copied it from a more ancient sources - and this is its direct reference in the text. And we have no reason to suspect Lawrence of distorting any facts. In addition, the accuracy of the data that we can check in our time, is impressive. Because it seems to me not to trust the "Tale" we have no reason. As there is no reason to deny the existence in our country, the Rurik dynasty.
Thus, the chronicler has no doubt that the Vikings and Rus - it is one and the same people. It is as if specially for us emphasizes that Russia - this is not "other" Swedes and the Normans:
"And they went over the sea to the Varangians, to the Rus. Those Vikings were called Rus as others are called Swedes, and others Normans and Angles, and still others Gotlanders - these and these. " (Translation of all quotations PVL made an outstanding scholar DS Likhachev).
As if in anticipation of the coming of our debate, the chronicler in different places insistently repeats that Russia - not the Swedes, not the Normans and Angles, and that the Slavic and Russian people - is one: "A Slavic people and the Russian one, from the Vikings because nicknamed Rus, and was first Slavs".
In later years, the chroniclers, at times, Russ and Vikings list separately. This may indicate that these people are gradually separated. Approximately how generations of princes Shuisky, Starodub, Ryapolovskih, Obolensky, Chernigov were independent of each other, sometimes at odds, but still considered themselves descendants of Rurik. Or sort of Obolensky eventually occurred Dolgorukovs, Repnin, Shcherbatov Lykovs and others. German medieval chroniclers also unanimously confirmed belonging to the Slavic people and the ancient Prussians. And this does not exclude the identity of the Prussians and the Rus or their close relatives, which, in turn, gives every reason to late Rurikovich conduct its origin from the Prussians. It is embodied in some chronicles in "The Tale of the Princes of Vladimir", a few letters of Ivan the Terrible.
Here it should be borne in mind that the old Prussia to the XII century was the most cruel war of extermination conquered by the Germans, and the survivors of the Prussians - the Slavs were assimilated. In the end, the name of the Prussian invaders appropriated. Therefore, more recent authors call the inhabitants of Prussia Germans. However, in our time, the Prussians were masters in their own land, and Slavs still remain.
Prussia considers genus Rurik and author Piskaryovsky old chronicler, which refers to the more ancient source:
"Behold in the script of the Rurik. Summer 6369-th (861 a year), a governor named Novagoroda Great Gostomysl skonchavaet life of their own, and in the summer she began in the city of blood, and be alone mezhusobitsa prolivatisya. And convene naugorodtsov and reche them: "I give you the Council, muzhie yes send in ground Pruskuyu mudryya men and prize from Prince tamo own who were giving birth, in order to judge us in the truth."
Note, the author argues that the Novgorodians invited Rurik not rule, and as an arbitrator.
There are many other data that the Prussians and the Rus - it is one and the same, or closely related. Rousseau call Prussians some European chroniclers. They undoubtedly include both of these people to the Slavs. Sometimes these are referred to as two people are different, and this is natural, given that the documents were created after their separation. A similar version of the old Czech legend illustrates that once the ancient tribe of the Slavs went in different directions three brothers - Lech, Czech and Rus, and created their own nations.
Where are our ancestors lived - Russ-Vikings?
To find the answer, first let us turn to the author PVL, which is used and the local and European sources (in particular Byzantine "Chronicle George Armatola") and, of course, the family tradition of Rurik themselves. The origin of all Europeans, including the Slavs and the Rus, he defines as "the offspring of Japheth." Here's what the author writes more IDPs on the place of residence Vikings:
"Lyakhi same Prussians, Chud sit near the sea Viking. In this sea sitting Vikings: from here to the east - to the limits of Shem, sitting on the same sea, and to the west - to the land of England and Voloska ".
We see that the Vikings (they - rus) "sitting near the sea Viking", the same place where live Poles, Prussians and chyud (ancestors of the Estonians), that is, on the south-eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. And occupy such a vast expanse that its western border, he brings "to the land of the English". If we consider that England was then called the Danes, it turns out that the land occupied by the Vikings in South Baltic to the most current Denmark. The fact that the Slavs inhabited the southern coast of the Baltic Sea - to the Elbe (Labe in Slavic), which was the border between the Saxons and Slavs, confirmed by many European sources.
And in the east, as we see, the earth Russ-Vikings stretched "to the limit of Shem", that is, almost to the Volga, where lived the Oriental peoples. This fact is confirmed by the Muslim sources, in particular, a preacher of Islam in Baghdad, Ahmed Ibn Fadlan in his "Notes on the journey to the Volga", which he visited in 922. Near the ancient Bulgarians he found and described by Rousseau, who, unlike Bulgarians, living in tents, is already built on the banks of the Volga River and traveled home by ship. Obviously, they controlled water route "from the Vikings to the Greeks" along the Dvina River and to the east along the river Volga. Even more certainly author PVL indicates the habitat of the Vikings in the description of this famous "Road". Here we see the list of preserved until now (almost a thousand years!) The names of lakes and seas, rivers and their tributaries, countries and peoples. Chronicler accurate in their descriptions, and this only confirms that he can be trusted, and that refers to the Varangians:
"When the clearing lived alone in the mountains this, there was a route from the Vikings to the Greeks and the Greeks of the Dnieper, <...>. Dnepr also follows from Okovskogo forests and flows south and Dvina from the same timber flows, and is directed to the north and empties into the sea Varangian. From the same woods Volga flows east and empties into the sea seventy mouths Hvalisskoe (now the Caspian). Therefore, from Russia, you can swim in the Volga Bulgarians and khvalisy, and east to pass an inheritance of Shem, and the Dvina - the land of the Vikings, from the Vikings to Rome, and from Rome to the same tribe Khamova ".
Imagine such an extraordinary miracle that exists now: one little place - Ochakovo forest, which is now called the Valdai Hills, take the source of just four navigable rivers. And they flow in four opposite sides of the world: Lovat - north to the Volkhov, and through him to Novgorod to the Neva River and the Baltic Sea. At the same sea, but in the north-west flows Dvina. Volga is moving to the east to the Caspian Sea, the Dnieper - the south to the Black Sea.
In those days, when the Russian plain, there were no roads, waterways became the main link between many nations. Portage could drag ships or Struga with goods from one source of the river to another, and eventually get to the desired part of the world. This phenomenon is described by the author PVL. But the main thing in his description to us what the wish to ignore the supporters of the Norman theory "and the Dvina from the same timber flows, and is directed to the north and empties into the sea Varangian. <...> And along the Dvina - the land of the Vikings, from the Vikings to Rome. "
That is, the Dvina River and its mouth - it's the ultimate point Baltic coast on the way to the Vikings and, therefore, uniquely earth Vikings. There is not even a hint of the fact that on the way to Rome, it is necessary to climb to the north of the Baltic Sea to the Normans. Not surprisingly, during excavations in Sweden, including the ancient city of Birka, where in those days was a Swedish port, Byzantine coins - a great rarity. It is obvious that the direct route "from the Vikings to the Greeks" went mostly along the Dvina.
It is easy to figure out that chronicle Dvina river now called the Western Dvina, here it goes through Belarus to Latvia and there is renamed Daugavpils. And not far from its mouth the city of Riga, founded in 1201 by Latin Crusaders and pilgrims. My attempts to find out what was in the lower reaches of the Dvina to the occurrence of Riga, has shown that Latin preachers of Christianity in the late XII - early XIII century caught here except the Livonian tribes who did not have at that time, no cities, no fortresses, the rich Russian city-states in the led by the kings. It recounts a witness and participant in some of the events Henry of Latvia in the "Chronicle of Livonia". The author describes some pride as collected from all over Europe the Crusaders with a rare ferocity rob and destroy the indigenous peoples and tribes, burn their villages and towns.
In particular, in the "Chronicle of Livonia" has repeatedly referred to the king, "Vyachko (Vesceka)» - Vyacheslav from "Russian Kukenoysa castle", located on the right bank of the Dvina "three miles" from Riga. He writes about the battle with the soldiers, "Vsevolod king (rex Wissewaldum) of Gertsike" - Russian military fortress on the Dvina, the center of the Duchy of the same name, also located in the lower reaches of the Dvina. The fact that Russian here - ancient indigenous inhabitants of the episode tells the defeat of the Crusaders at the beginning of the XIII century Russian Gertsike castle. The author writes about it with the pride of victory his supporters-Latins:
"<...> Teutons broke them at the gate <...>. That day all the army remained in the city, attended by all the corners of his large prey, seized clothing, silver and purple, a lot of cattle; and bells of the churches, the icons (yconias), other furniture, money and a lot of good and it all took away with them, <...> while the city burned. When he saw a fire on the other side of the Dvina, the king was in great anguish and exclaimed groaning, sobbing, "Oh Gertsike, cute town! About inheritance of my fathers! On the unexpected death of my people! Woe is me! Why was I born to see the fire of my city and the destruction of my people! "
We see that the king Vsevolod, who saw as dying his hometown, exclaims that it is "heritage of my fathers", ie the place where they lived many of his ancestors, and, therefore, lower reaches and mouth of the Western Dvina was the ancient patrimony of Russian people.
The Slavs and the Rus in European sources
The first mention of our ancestors - Rousseau - found in Latin manuscripts of IX century - "Bertinskih annals", where the original is now kept in France. It tells about the life and work of the Frankish kings and emperors in the period from 830 to 882 years. In the year 839 in the city of Ingelheim on the river Rhine to the court of the Frankish Emperor Ludwig the Pious for the conclusion of the peace treaty the ambassadors arrived from Constantinople (now Istanbul) by the Byzantine emperor Theophilus. At the ambassadorial people to the Franks arrived foreigners from the people «rhos«, which had to smuggle in their homeland.
We should not confuse the spelling of the Russian nation in the form of «rhos«. It is obvious that the model for this translation was the message of the Byzantine emperor, written as it was decided at that time, in the Greek language, which from the fourth century was a Byzantine state. The Greeks in the alphabet, and there is no question of letters "u" and "v". They replaced the "y" only "of w" possible for them to the letter - omega (note that it is not the letter "o"), rejecting completely the soft sign. So get the word «rwV«, which Frankish translator depicted by letters. Subsequent Frankish and German authors, closer acquainted with our people, unanimously called it "Rus» - «Rusci» or «Ruzzi» and even «Rugi».
Byzantine ambassadors arrived at the court of Louis in troubled times. His land and then were subjected to raids by robbers and pogroms by the Scandinavians - "Norman", among which were the Vikings - the Danes and the Swedes. It is clear that the appearance among the ambassadors intruders alerted the emperor, because he was afraid of spies infiltrating the enemy. After all, they could scout out the affairs of his country, which, because of feuds were far neblestyasche. Because the guests emperor reacted with great suspicion. As a result of checking, as is evident from the text, it soon became clear that his guests - not the "dew", with whom the Franks at that time, apparently, was for peaceful relations, and not just those most Swedish "of the people sveonov" with whom he fought, "investigating more thoroughly the reason for their arrival, the Emperor learned that they were from people sveonov, and decided that they are the most scouts in the country and in our own, than seekers of friendship; he found it necessary to detain them at home as long as there will not truly know if they came honestly there or not. " Thus, the first European document on Rousseau suggests that they are not Swedes. And way past Reina suggests that Rousseau lived somewhere in the near region.
Saxon Einhard, author of the famous book "The Life of Charlemagne", created between 829 and 836 years, also confirms that the Slavs in the IX century, before the conquests of the Carolingian, occupied the southern coast of the Baltic Sea to the east of the river Elbe (Labe): "From the west ocean to the east stretches a bay <...>. Around him home to many nations are given, as well as sveony, which we call the Normans own northern coast and all its islands. On the east bank of live Slavs, Estonians and various other nations. "
The same is said and Adam of Bremen in his book "Acts of the Hamburg Archbishops," written in 1070-ies: "Over the River Oder live first pomoryane (Pomerani), then the Poles, their neighbors which on the one hand are the Prussians (Pruzzi), on the other - Czechs (Behemi), and in the east - Russia (Ruzzi) ». This author also clearly separates its inhabitants to the Swedes, who live in the north, and Slavs, including Rousseau, occupying its south coast "until Russia (Ruzzia), where once again the end of the bay. So, the banks of the sea from the south are dominated by Slavs, and from the north - the Swedes (Suedi) ».
A popular source for the history of Northern Europe - "Slavic Chronicle" Gelmgolda of Bosa - covers the period from the eighth century until 1171. The author was a member of the latter part of Chronicles. He not only repeats the conclusions of Adam of Bremen, but also adds a lot of what he saw and heard:
"Where ends Polonia, we come to the vast country of the Slavs, who in ancient times by vandals, and now blames, or called ^ advanced. Of these pomoryane are the first settlements which extend up to the Odra (Oder river). Audra same - is "the richest river in the Slavic country", <...>. "At the mouth of the Odra", where it empties into the Baltic Sea, "once" is the famous city Yumneta <...>. It really was the biggest city from all populated by Slavs <...> of available cities in Europe. However, in manners and hospitality - could not find any people more worthy of respect and a welcoming [what they are]. "
Here we are faced with the fact that for two centuries the Slavs already lost a large part of its territory - from the river Elbe to the Oder. Already eliminated and destroyed many Slavic city, but still retained the memory of the ancient city Yumnete, bore the first name of Slavic Wolin, about which the German author says that it was "the greatest city of all available cities in Europe." Gelmgold in his work not only thoroughly and in detail lists the Slavic tribes, inhabiting the southern part of the Baltic Sea, including the Prussians and the Rus, but also their famous city "retro", "Mikilinburg", "Ratsisburg" (it is possible that the Slavic name of the city was Ratibor, now - Ratzeburg), "Aldenburg" (Slavic Stargard, now Oldenburg) and others.
Preachers Norman theories that tell us that the most ancient Russian, Slavic towns founded by Scandinavians would be nice to get acquainted with these old European documents. Read what the Slavs in the Middle Ages have created many cities, including Europe's largest city Wolin - Yumnetu, which was famous for its trade relations, buildings, wealth ships. The largest Slavic city in Europe! So do not teach Scandinavians Slavs to build cities, Norman Vikings their mostly destroyed during the Middle Ages rather than build.
The fact that Rousseau lived was on the south, the Slavic coast of the Baltic Sea, not in the north, and suggest other European documents. For example, in the bull and Pope Clement III (1188-1191 gg.) Archbishop of Bremen "Rousseau" was called Livonia area. The author of the XIII century, Roger Bacon in the "Great Works" writes about Levkova (Lithuania), about which "both sides" of the Baltic Sea "is a great Russo". Russian continued to live in the Baltic Sea and later - almost to the XIV century. So, in 1304, Pope Benedict IX refers in a letter to Riigen princes as "beloved sons, the men of the famous, Russian princes." Russian living in the territory of Latvia is not only present, but also in Estonia. They, along with Estonians defended themselves from the hordes of the Crusaders at the beginning of the XIII century, in the years 1343-1345 led the Russian uprising in Estonia (Rotalii and Vick) against the rule of the Teutonic Order. And even in the XIV century, after years of domination of the Germans and the Swedes in Estonia in a number of documents referred to Russian villages, for example, Rousseau Dorp near Wenden. It is possible that the ancient town of St. George's (now Tartu), founded in 1030 by Prince Yaroslav the Wise, it was built on Russian soil.
Where are the Baltic Slavs?
Where have gone the blooming Slavic city with their population? Speaking Without politeness, they are, under the banner of salvation and communion in Christian values, were seized by the Europeans, especially the Franks, the Germans. Resist the population either fled or were destroyed with unprecedented brutality, its remnants - assimilated.
First, the Franks invaded and subjugated the Saxons, who were neighbors of the Slavs - their land divided by the river Elbe (Labe). This was eloquently on many pages tell "Annals of the Kingdom of the Franks." In 758, the "King Pepin with his army invaded Saxony." The Saxons fought long and courageously fought, died. But the Franks were persistent, burned, looted, subordinated, was executed. Saxons were deported to other lands, in their place brought new peoples ...
By the end of the VIII century it was the turn of the Slavs. In 789, the Frankish king and Holy Roman Emperor (from 800), Charlemagne, "Prepare a huge army, <...> approached the Elbe <...>, and entering into the land of Wiltz, ordered to empty all with fire and sword." In the year 806, "he sent his son Charles with his army in the land of the Slavs, who are called sorbitol, and who live on the Elbe" .Uzhe to 810, Charles conceived the project capture the neighboring Slavic tribes under the guise of Christianization, which decided to set up in Hamburg archdiocese. This plan was carried out by his son Louis in the year 831.
Slavs, like the Saxons, squeezed from the Baltic states for a long time and purposefully, it's all recorded in European sources. About how the Germans seized the Baltic lands in the beginning of the XIII century, detail and colorfully tells Henry the Latvian, in his book "Chronicle of Livonia", written, according to experts, up to 1226. The author, a member of the event, talks about them with unconcealed pride: "When he came back, we have divided his army along all the roads, villages and areas of the land and began to burn and lay waste to all; all male were killed, women and children were taken captive, stole a lot of cattle and horses. "
Gelmgold of Bosa in the "Slavic chronicle" not only describes how the destroyed Slavic tribes and seized their lands, and these lands were occupied. For example, one of the German invaders, Count Adolf of Holstein, received as a gift from the king for his military exploits devastated the land of the Slavs-Wagram, located in the vast territory from the Oder to the Elbe River, issued the call to his warriors and all the participants of the crusade:
"Be the first to proceed to the promised land, occupying it, become parties to it is good, for you must belong to the best that there is in it, you are to take it from the enemy." This appeal arose countless different peoples who, taking with him a family and property, and came to vagrskuyu land to Count Adolf, to possess the land which he promised them. <...> And start populated desert vagrskaya land and increased the number of its inhabitants. <...> And left the Slavs who lived in the surrounding villages, and the Saxons came and settled here. The Slavs also gradually subsided in the land. <...> And increased tithes into the land of Slavic because flocked here from their lands Teutons to populate this land, a large, rich bread, easy by the abundance of pastures, abounding with fish and meat, and all the benefits. "
Baltic Slavs, like the Saxons, fought long and valiantly, for several centuries. But the forces were not equal - against their often disparate tribes fought the whole of Europe, led by the Roman Emperor and the Pope, who has repeatedly blessed the Crusades in the Baltic infidels. So disappeared Wends, Prussians, Vahram and other Slavic tribes and nationalities. By the mid-13th century, the Germans not only smashed or renamed ancient Slavic city, killing their people, but also tried to erase the memory of them. Some fled from their land-Slavs Vikings went to serve in the Byzantine Empire, many have gone in the direction of Novgorod, which is still one of the oldest streets of the center is named after the Prussian. Coming Rurik time with his native Novgorod just coincides with the start time of the Emperor Charles and his descendants of the famous German «Drang nach Osten». Stop this invasion could only Novgorod and Pskov to unite the Russian state.
The arguments of the Norman theory
Is not it strange that in Russia the word "Viking" does not occur? In Scandinavia, almost to the XII century is not found or the word Russ or Vikings. There was not such tribes and peoples. No trace. Although could be, for Rousseau and the Normans were neighbors fought-traded wooed. There is not found or is not a single credible document that identified the Normans and Vikings. For the first time as the Vikings «væringjar» (Wearing) appear in the Norse sagas, written in the XII century, when a Russian chronicles, it practically disappears. Moreover, they are mentioned in the stories about how the Normans went to Byzantium and entered there in the squad of «væringjar». These facts only underscore that the Normans Vikings were alien phenomenon.
No ancient source writes that the Rus - it's the Normans or the Swedes, that they lived in Skadinavii. One Byzantine mention of the fact that their warriors-Rus - it Normans can only say that they were northerners, arrived from the north. For the Greeks, all who are far away in the north, were the Normans.
On what arguments are based Normanists? In general, on the little things, which would not be worth the time you spend. Somewhere in Scandinavia found a name consonant with the name of Rurik. Somewhere - consonant with the name of the tribe Rus. However, some of their arguments still consider the case because German historians Bayer and Miller, as we see, is alive and well. How to live a thirst to put "in place" the Russian people. Although we note itself Bayer, after it shifted from academics in adjunct and lowered salary, he hastened to abandon its "Russophobian" theory and preferred to take "roksolanskuyu". A good example for the patriotic bosses!
Among the main arguments of the supporters of the Norman theory - "Annales Bertiniani where Latin sources Rus-growing nation was first mentioned, (this document we discussed above), where next to the word" growing "were" sveony "- Swedes. Although the text of these tribes are opposed, normannisty somehow believe the contrary. Maybe not read? Or see what they want to see?
More, they refer to the names of Russian ambassadors listed in Kiev agreements with Constantinople and copied in Russian chronicles. They say that they are more similar to the Swedish, rather than Slavic. But the agreement concluded at the beginning of the tenth century (in 907 and 917, respectively), when many Russ has not yet been baptized, and we do not know most of the names that have worn our pre-Christian ancestors. However, some of the names of the Slavs are preserved in the Frankish chronicles naprmer, Drahovo, Vitsin (exceeds) Trasko (Thrasco) Milidoh, Godelaib, Milegast, Tseadrag. Compare with the names of the Rus of the treaties with Constantinople from the "Tale of Bygone Years": Carl Velmid, Rula, Faslav, Velimid, Lidulfast, Stemid ... Identical names there, but a huge difference is not noticeable. And those in the other there is little known to us, the Slavic roots. Normanists trying to find the names of the contract in Scandinavia, in Sweden. We did not find, although something consonant to pick up and managed there. So after all the centuries our peoples have been neighbors, wooed, relatives, the names could be similar. For example, in the documents we find the names of the Danish king Rauric and our Russian prince Rurik, which are completely different people.
The most important proof of the "theorists Normanism" is the work of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII "On the management of the empire" (949 g). There he describes the "route from the Vikings to the Greeks" and the names of the Dnieper rapids leads in two languages - Russian and Slavic. These names are very different. On this basis, based proof that the Rus - not Slavs. But in the Swedish language, these Russian names for the most part do not mean anything. In addition, we do not know who told the emperor about these thresholds and whether the said right. One can not deny the differences in the languages of different tribes of the Slavs. For example, I recently completely stopped Ukrainians understand speech, even though it is the most akin to our nation. It is possible that there were Bulgarian word or some other Slavs living in areas adjoining to Dnieper rapids ...
Another argument for this theory is the link to the Chronicle, which says that, well, for the prince of Novgorod "went beyond the sea." But from the place where the Novgorod, Sweden - the same "Zamora", as well as the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. Moreover, the chronicle is often described as having quarreled with Novgorod, princes fled to Varangians or Vikings to call them for help. For example, to Varangians "ran" the future Baptist of Rus Prince Vladimir. Naturally, on horseback, and not on the ships because of Novgorod get to the sea is not so simple. And if you look at the map, we can see that to get to Sweden or Norway, which hosted the Vikings on horseback from Novgorod, and on ships, it would be at that time is very problematic. A genuine Vikings - they really were relatively close. And the mention of the ships in the Novgorod chronicles of the time something is not there.
With regard to the phrase "went beyond the sea," that it was decided at the time to say, if the path can be done not only at sea, but also on foot along the coast. "Beyond the Sea" it was for the people of Kiev to Constantinople, although it can be reached by land. "Beyond the Sea" in Russian often meant simply - "far". When, for example, in 1390 he married Grand Prince of Moscow Vasily I of Moscow to Sofia - daughter of Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas, who fled with his family from the Troubles "to the Germans," the bride "is shown byst to Moscow from Zamora." (Simeon chronicle). Those "Germans", where "ran" Vytautas, were located in what is now Latvia, just where the Vikings were Russian fortress and lived before.
The mention in the annals of German - is one more argument Normanists. Like, in some later sources write that Rurik prinёl "of German", and not from the Vikings. And what can the chronicler or scribe to write the chronicles in the XIV century and later on the south coast of the Baltic Sea, including those of the former Slavic Prussia, if there is already more than two hundred years, the Germans settled? How to write it, to make it clear where he had come Rurik? Of course "of the German"! Not from the Swedes! And this is another strong argument inconsistency Norman theory, because the Russian chroniclers from the most ancient times, perfectly distinguished the Germans from the Swedes, England and other nations.
There is a reference to the excavation, they say, in the excavations are common things Scandinavian, and Russian - Scandinavian terms. But our lands are Byzantine products! And Oriental coins. And in our speech - Greek, Italian, Turkish, German, Arabic and other words. It says only that the Rus-Slavs traded and interacted with all its neighbors. Hence the words of others, weapons, money, and jewelry.
The ancestors of the Rus-Vikings
Where did such a strong and numerous Slavic people - Russ, Russ, Russian, which for a historically short time, from a seemingly small tribe, so grew and settled in the vast space? This is despite the endless wars of extermination, which were against them from the West Europeans and Turks from the east !? Partially, we have already answered this question, referring to the Russian and European documents. But there is another important source, which is any more accurate chronicles or charters. This source - our old neighbors. Oh, they know about us and our past is much more than we think. This applies to the neighbors, the peoples.
For example, before the Franco-Germans won in the IX century, a large and powerful nation once the Saxons, they had before V century, partly to seize and colonize the south of Britain, to assimilate the Angles. Thus, there were the Anglo-Saxons, keeping in centuries alien name. And how do you think the neighbors called the Germans have won once in VIII - IX centuries Saxony? Estonians called «Saksamaa» Germany, and the Germans themselves - «sakslased». The Finns call this country «Saksa», and residents - «saksalaiset». Though there has been more than millennia, during which the country called Germany, «Deutschland», and though there are still living those ancient Saxons, not the Germans. And Prussia in nearly a thousand years the memory of the peoples existed since disappeared and the ancient Prussians themselves and their Slavic language. Firm folk memory.
So what does this strong neighbor remembrance of us, Russian? And that's what. The oldest of our neighbors - the Finns call the Russian «Venäläinen», and Russia, Russia - «Veneman», «Venäjä». Other immediate neighbors - Estonians Russian name «Venelane», and the country - «Vene», «Venemaa» (Russia, Russia). Even Karelians call us «Veneä» (Russia).
Strange, is not it? After all, the word Russ, Russian, and Russian "venelane" or "vein" - well, nothing! Who is this "vein", where it came from?
Seeking the answer to this question, we have to admit that the term "cava" leads us to the name of a powerful and numerous Slavic people, who lived sometime in Central Europe and on the shores of the southern Baltic Sea - to the Wends. For people, who mentioned in his writings more ancient historians: Herodotus, Pomponius, Tacitus, Ptolemy and others, placing wends-Slavs in the vast expanses of Central Europe and the Baltic states - from the eastern shores of the Vistula river - to the northern Carpathians and the Lower Danube.
In determining the relationship of the Rus-Slavs Wends agree all the ends - and where they live, and links the various chronicles and thoughts of the ancient chroniclers.
About wends that there Slavs, mentioned not only the Byzantine and Oriental sources, and medieval Europe, calling them not only "Wends" but Wendy Vinita, ^ advanced and even Windows.
Here is how this nation of VI century Gothic historian Jordan in the book "Getica" (551): "We left them prone [Alps], descending to the north, from the birthplace of the Vistula River, is located on the immense spaces populous tribe Veneti. Although their names are now changed according to different genera and localities, yet mostly they are called sklavenami and Antes. " As you can see, Jordan says the process of dividing the Slavic Wends to the various tribes.
The fact that the Slavs and Wends - nation report without exception, medieval European sources. For example, the author of "The Chronicles of Fredegarda" writes that in the year 623, "a man by the name itself, the franc comes from Sanz, along with other merchants went to the Slavs, known as Venda <...>. 630 <...> This year, the Slavs (or Wendy as they call themselves) have killed and robbed a large number of merchants in the Frankish kingdom itself, and so began a feud between itself and Dagobert, King of the Slavs. "
Six centuries after long and bloody wars with the Romans and the Germans, Wends are pushed to the east and north Europe. But they continue to occupy almost the entire southern Baltic countries to the east of the Elbe. Even in the XII century, the author of "Slavonic chronicles» XII century Gelmgold captures them as residents of the vast country in the north of Europe: "Where ends Polonia, we come to the vast country of the Slavs, who in ancient times by vandals, and now blames, or ^ advanced, called. " Speaking about the numerous Slavic tribes of the southern Baltic, Gelmgold not forget to note that they all belong to the ancient people ^ advanced - wends: "These are the tribes ^ advanced scattered through the countries, regions and islands of the sea."
About wends there is extensive literature from the Middle Ages, ending with the latest research. The fact that the indigenous people of the southern Baltic Wends were just show themselves the conquerors of the land - the Germans, who for centuries until recent times was called Slavic Wends (Wenden, Winden). And if you want to distinguish between the old local village in the conquered lands from new, German, called them venedskimi - «windich or wendich».
Why Europeans ignore this information? What gives us the knowledge that among other peoples of the Rus and Prussians were also Wends - Slavs? At least the fact that the Germans claim to the former Prussian land as their "patrimony" is untenable.
Where I lived Rurik?
In 844, the Frankish chroniclers report conquests the Frankish King Louis "for the Elbe against the Wends" and the death of the Vendian king (rex) Gostomysl. Moreover, "The Annals of Fulda" call him King "Obodrits are plotting treason, and subdued them. this people Gostomysl King died. " "Annals of Xanten" call it the king of the Wends, slightly distorting the name: "King Louis came up with the army against the Wends. And one of their kings died there by the name of Gostimusl ". "Annals of Hildesheim" (Hildesheim) referred to the aim of the campaign of King conquering the Slavs: "<...> has come to the land of the Slavs, killed their king Gestimula and subjugated the rest."
Despite some differences in the spelling of the name of the deceased King Gostomysl, it is clear that we are talking about one and the same leader and his kingdom, which the authors at the same time called Slavic, Vendian and obodritskim. There can be traced clearly as a great nation divided wends different parts, keeping in mind the neighbors, all three of their tribal names. Obodrits - Union of Slavic tribes living in the lower reaches of the river Elbe (Labe). The largest of the city was Rerik - Baltic Sea.
Why do I have so much attention is paid to Obodrits? Because many pointers to the origin of Rurik are just here, to the banks of the Elbe, to the west of modern Mecklenburg. After all, the name of the deceased King obodritskogo Gostomysl very rare, and in the sources found only in two cases: in the stories of the Frankish writers of his death in the year 844, and in the Russian chronicles. In Ioakimovskaya Rurik he was named the grandson of a Gostomysl pricked by his daughter. In Piskaryovsky Chronicle - Novgorod warlord who advised Novgorod invite Rurik to rule, "in order to judge us in the truth." It is possible that we are talking about the same person. Russian chronicler after so many years could confuse something in the source, transfer the activities of King Gostomysl from the banks of the Elbe River in the Volkhov. But he remembered the main thing - the name and the family ancestor of Rurik, his advice to his grandson go home mother pricked.
King Gostomysl died in 844 year, but Obodrits continued to fight not only with the Franks, but also with the Normans. In 862, according to the Annals of Fuldenskih, Obodrits revolted, and the Frankish king again "led an army against Obodrits and forced them Tabomysla Duke, who raised a revolt, obey him."
It Vendian uprising took place just at the 862 th year, when Prince Rurik with all his native went to reign in Novgorod. We see that the ruler Obodrits chronicler calls no longer king, but only a duke, as a person subordinate and dependent. Who was the Duke Tabomysl Rurik? Uncle? Father? Big Brother? That we do not know. It is clear only that at home, where as a vassal of the rules of his elder relative, because of the endless wars of conquest neighbors, Rurik had no prospects for a decent life.
The assumption about the origin of Rurik and his Russian tribe on the banks of the Elbe study confirms the Mecklenburg genealogical texts, spent more at the end of the XVI century German scientist, notary J. von Chemnitz. Mecklenburg City, as already mentioned, is on the lands of the ancient Wends-Obodrits. Some of the descendants of the nobility Wend survived in the harsh battles and remained in their possession, bringing the oath Frankish King and paying him tribute. They even formed Mecklenburg ducal dynasty, which lasted until 1917, the revolution itself. These descendants wends not only to remember their roots, but also led the chronicle, which tells about the ancestors. They are something, and studied the notary J. von Chemnitz. He established the names of most obodritskih rulers, from the seventh century. And, too, I found in the documents of King Gostomysl name and the names of Prince Rurik and his brothers Siwar and Truvor. Although these sources are not considered reliable, they still further confirm that the Russian princes Gostomysl and Rurik - not fictitious persons. And we have every reason to believe that the founder of the ruling dynasty in Russia - Rurik was a Slav, wends from the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, and more precisely - from the banks of the Elbe. And Novgorod was invited to reign in Novgorod his kinsman-Slav.
The Danish king Rauric and Russian prince Rurik
We can not ignore another argument, which led supporters of the Norman theory, though in many European chronicles Prince Rurik is mentioned specifically as a Danish-king or the king. Indeed, in many annals found similar name: Rauric. About the Danish king (konung) Rauric and his fate, there is an extensive literature. Often it is referred to as the robber, who organizes the attack on the Frankish and Slavic lands, robbing, burning towns and villages, takes captive citizens. And this image does not coincide with the image of the Slav Rurik, who supposedly establishes the procedure to the Novgorod lands, builds cities.
Here's how it talks about "Chronicon on the accomplishments of the Normans in the French", "King of the Normans Rauric directs against Louis in Germany on the Elbe River, six hundred ships. The Saxons, hastened to meet them when the battle was accomplished with the help of our Lord Jesus Christ is the winner. Having gone there, they will attack and capture a city Slavs. In the same year, returning to the sea on the passed [before] the bed of the Seine Normans plunder, ravage and burn down all the areas bordering the sea. "
King (konung) Rauric most often acts as a navigator, to move on the sea or rivers in the courts. Novgorod chronicles of the time silent navigation. That Rauric and Rurik - different people is the fact that quite often the first mentioned in European sources, and after 862 years, when the Russian Rurik already reign in Novgorod. For example, in the 873 year Rauric "gall of Christianity", entered the service of the Frankish King Louis: "Louis, the eastern king convened a meeting in Frankfurt <...>. Likewise came to him Rauric, bile Christianity, moreover, to [him] the ship were taken numerous hostages, and it became a subject of the king and swore to serve him faithfully. "
It is hard to imagine that having sworn to serve the Frankish King Louis, konung Rauric, leaving their ships immediately moved to work part-time in Veliky Novgorod.
Slavic Rurik died in 876 year. About Danish Rauric, as already dead, in 882 reports "Chronicon of accomplishments in the French Normans." He probably died shortly before this date at an advanced age (it is believed that he was born about 810 years). On the basis of all the facts, it is unlikely that the Dane Rauric rules at the same time in the kingdom of the Frisians - Jutland - in the north-eastern edge of Europe, and, in the representation of the peoples of the time, on the other side of the world - in Novgorod. Yes, and elders have managed to throw in Novgorod and his infant son, Igor.
CONCLUSION
We should not confuse that historians of different ages show different residence wends Slavs, including Russ. Obviously, Polabian Wends - Obodrits, Rus - the first of the Baltic Slavs came under the Franco-German roller machine. For hundreds of years they are either destroyed or assimilated or supplanted the east. And to the XII century historians caught wends-Rousseau only on the east coast of the Baltic Sea. But the same Franco-German car up to a year for many centuries painted all movement wends-Slavs, including Rousseau, their names, place of residence, business and exploits. And because of this, we can know their roots and their heroes, rejecting Russophobic theory of "enlightenment" of the Russian people by aliens - the Swedes, or someone else.
Lyudmila Gordeeva,
historian, writer

Ancient Macedonian is Slavic language / common words

2016-10-27T15:27:00.000-07:00

Slavic etymology of "abarkna" - "αβαρκνα"

BRKOVI - mustache
BRKAT - man with mustache

Slavic etymology of Stobi

ŠTAP - cane ,wooden stick, walking stick

UŠTAP - full moon

STUP - stone or wood pillar

STUBE - stairs

STEPENICE - stairs

STOPA - foot

STABLO - tree trunk (sta oblo - stand round)

root word STA - stand vertical

(also mentioned as: Stoboi; in modern Macedonian: Стоби)

Stobi – an ancient city in Paeonia, later conquered by the Macedonians. The archaeological site has been located in the present-day region of Gradsko, near Demir Kapija, in central areas of the Republic of Macedonia. This city was first mentioned by Titus Livius, in his writings about the victory of Philip V of Macedonia against the Dardanians in 197 BC.

The name of Stobi in ancient Paeonian-Macedonian means „post," „pillar", and is connected with the Old-English „staff,“ or „staeff“ (which meant - a long stick used for carrying), Irish „sab“ (shaft), Old-Church Slavonic „stoboru“ (pillar) and many others.

Proto-Indo-European root of all of these words, is – „STEBH" (mеаning – stem, post, to support, place firmly on, fasten)…

In the modern Macedonian language, we have the word STOLB / „столб“, meaning – PILLAR, GRIP, LEVERAGE. We also have the noun STEBLO / „стебло“, which means – STEM, TRUNK, SHANK, STALK…

In the Republic of Macedonia, historians and archaeologists have located two more cities with similar names: Stybera (near Prilep) and Astibo (first mentioned by Polien in 3rd century BC, located at modern-day town of Štip, north-eastern Macedonia).

Stybera (originally called Stubera) was placed near present-day city of Prilep (south-western Macedonia). Strabo and Livy tell us that in 200 BC the Roman army fighting Philip V of Macedonia, turned from Herakleia and came to Stubera. Eventually, Strabo mentions the city as the Macedonian base during Perseus' struggle with the Illyrians in 169 BC.

Ancient Macedonian Gods: LEIVINO

The Greek propagandists often claim that the Macedonians and the Hellenes believed in same gods, and therefore – they were „the same people”. Leivino, the Macedonian god of wine is just one of the many examples that expose those Greek lies.

Leivino is the Macedonian equivalent of Dionysus, according to the Hellenic lexicographer Hesychius. Dionysus, the ,,Hellenic” god of wine, grape harvest and pleasure, on the other hand, was actually of Thracian origin (Herodotus, History, 2:49, 52, 143-146).

By hearing, or reading the name of Leivino today, an average Macedonian would instantly recognize two Macedonian words. First one is the verb LEE / лее, which means „to pour", „to scoop" or LEJ / ЛЕЈ - its imperative form. The second one is VINO / вино, which means WINE. That’s just a theory. There might be another explanation of which we don’t know and would like to hear about. We don’t claim anything, but it’s still worth mentioning and considering.

The word WINE / VINO sounds similar in many languages, because it is Proto-Indo-European. The Ancient Phrygians used to call it – OINIS. The modern Greek word for WINE is KRASI / κρασί.

Ancient Macedonian Word : GARKAN

According to Hesychius, GARKAN was the authentic ancient Macedonian word for – rod ог stick. It might be etymologically connected with the modern Macedonian (or, wider South-Slavic) word - гранка/ GRANKA, GRANA, which means – sprig, twig, branch…

from Oxford University Press

A book published in 2014 from historian Clifford R. Backman states that Slavs didn't displace indigenous Croats, Srbs and Macedonians but that the Avars adopted the language that was already spoken on this areas.
In short Clifford R. Backman does not dispute Illyrian herritage of named population but he combines DNA and historical evidence. As Croats, Srbs and Macedonians have indigenous I haploup group in large percentage it is certain that these people are ancient Illyrians and that Scythian tribe of Avars (not Mongolian but white mostly redish haired population arrived from Asia which was entirely Scythian meaning white, blond or redhaired) after Mongolian invasion on Xiongnu Emporium which was Scythian or Amazon in the very early begin. Xiongnu Emporium fell around 400 AD and Avars and Huns moved westwards towards Russia and Europe in those times.
They, Avars would be that R1a component in Southern Slavic gene pool.
It is not impossible that Avars already spoke form of Slavic because Tocharians (Xiongnu neighbours) spoke very similar language to Slavic.
(numbers are identical to slavic also kcer is cker in Tocharian and much more)
Tocharians too were redhaired or blond, there was no Mongolian mummies in Asia this old.

ORIGINS OF ISLAM part II

2016-10-12T17:55:00.005-07:00

ORIGINS OF ISLAM part I, link

http://fishcalledsanda.blogspot.be/2013/07/origins-of-islam-godess-allat.html

prehistoric Goddess Alia,

Najran, Arabia 2500bc

Ba‘Alat Gebal,

'Lady of Byblos', was the goddess of the city of Byblos,
Phoenicia in ancient times.
Known as Ataragtis also.

Goddess Allat

A depiction of the underworld. Nergal appears at the top, leering over a top.

Goddess Allat with a lion from the Temple of Baal.

Original article; http://www.arabhumanists.org/arab-women-pre-islam/

Arab women before and after Islam: Opening the door of pre-Islamic Arabian history

Posted on May 9, 2016
Al-Uzza, Al-Lat and Menat were amongst the commonly worshipped goddesses in pre-Islamic Arabia
By S. B. Zaki

“Islamic civilization developed a construct of history that labeled the pre-Islamic period the Age of Ignorance and projected Islam as the sole source of all that was civilized – and used that construct so effectively in its rewriting of history that the peoples of Middle East lost all knowledge of the past civilizations of the region. Obviously, that construct was ideologically serviceable, successfully concealing, among other things, the fact that in some cultures of the Middle East women had been considerably better off before the rise of Islam than afterward” (Ahmed, 1992; p. 37).

In the quote provided above, Leila Ahmed, a Harvard Divinity School scholar of Islam, highlights the reasons for the filtered version of the history of women of pre-Islamic Arabia. If you try Googling ‘Status of Women in Islam’, unsurprisingly you will be offered millions of results. A more difficult task is to find out how women have been discussed in Islamic literature over the last 14 centuries (by men, to be precise). A pattern emerges. The words ‘Status of Women in Islam’ do not appear until the early 20th century. Before that, Islamic scholars wrote on the ‘Duties of a Muslim Woman’ or ‘Roles of Muslim Women.’

These early scholars, writers and historians nonetheless, did often show through historical examples that Muslim women must not act like the women from ‘pre-Islamic time’ (pre-Islamic Age of Ignorance). For example, when a few years after Prophet Muhammad’s death, a young Muslim woman began sleeping with her male slave stating that “I thought that ownership by the right hand made lawful to me what it makes lawful to men”, Umar Ibn Khattab, who judged the ‘matter’, sternly rebuked her and announced that she had acted “in Ignorance” (i.e., like women did in pre-Islamic time) and deliberately misinterpreted the message of the Quran. In other words, Quran does not make lawful to women what it makes lawful to men; their rights are not the same. He then banned her from ever marrying a free man (Musannaf of `Abd al-Razzaq al-Sanani in Ali, 2010). This incident was recorded and used by early scholars to show that pre-Islamic women were wrong in exercising their sexual independence and freedom and that the Islamic model of patriarchal marriage and sex was licit and superior.

Fast-forward about eleven centuries, many parts of the world that were once colonised by Muslims (which shaped the Muslim narratives about women in Islam in those centuries) were being colonised by Europeans who scorned Muslims for their backwardness and seclusion of women. This was a time when Muslim scholars had to urgently show to the world that Islam actually “raised the status of women.” There was a shift from a more authoritative and pompous scholarly tone discussing Muslim women like al Ghazali’s, that dictated to Muslim women how they should behave and obey their husbands, and the more accusatory tone of the later scholars who made excuses for Islam’s treatment of women by claiming that women of pre-Islamic time were “mere chattel” and Quran was revealed for a Muslim woman to “rescue her from the gloomy injustice of Pre-Islamic darkness.[1]”

These latter politically shaped narratives are the ones we are still reading and using. To show that Islam bettered the lives of Muslim women, a parallel history had to be created of women in pre-Islamic time where women: “were treated like slaves or property. Their personal consent concerning anything related to their well-being was considered unimportant and unnecessary to such an extent that they were never even treated as a party to a marriage contract. They had no independence, could not own property and were not allowed to inherit. In times of war, women were treated as part of the loot. Simply put, their plight was unspeakable…The practice of killing female children was rampant. The pagan Arabs used to bury alive their daughters with the fear that these girls will grow up and will get married to some men who will be called their sons-in-law.[2]”

These narratives did not only cover the “plight of women” in Arabia before Islam, but justified the invasions of lands by Muslims by extending it to “all nations of the World[3]” which necessitated that the new Islamic law be accepted as the most just system since the “advent of Islam brought profound changes to the Arabian society in general and to women in particular[4].” In doing so, these Muslim histories do exactly what contemporary war politicians do – justify their mission by stating that “Islam liberated women[5].”

History of pre-Islamic Arabian women

More recently, several Muslim women have begun to research the lives of women in pre-Islamic Arabia. This is by no means an easy task since as when Muslims spread from Medina they categorically destroyed the old ways of life: temples, pagan poetry written on animal skins, idols of gods and goddesses etc, and Islamic history has practically no records written by women. What little we know are reports in Islamic texts, which are narrated to establish the new order, and a few archeological finds. The result is that we have pamphlets, web links and books that preach women that “Islam truly liberated women” while there is no justification for the existence of women like Khadija bint Khuwalid, Hind bint Utbah, Asma Bint Marwan, Lubna bint Hajar, Arwa umm Jamil amongst others, if the general condition of Arab women was not more than mere chattel.

Reading all the sources now available, one can see that, in the absence of a single law before Islam, lives of men and women in Arabia depended on which tribe they belonged to. Islam did lay down comprehensive law and while some women may have enjoyed more rights under Islamic law, it is certainly true that the rights of others were severely curtailed. The resultant picture that emerges is that of a deeply patriarchal form of religious law rather than one that could have been more balanced, just and equal. Like Leila Ahmed writes us in her book (1991, p. 60):

“That women felt Islam to be a somewhat depressing religion is suggested by a remark of Muhammad’s great-granddaughter Sukaina, who, when asked why she was so merry and her sister Fatima so solemn, replied that it was because she had been named after her pre-Islamic great-grandmother, whereas her sister has been named after her Islamic grandmother.”

Furthermore, it can be argued that the ‘status’ of all women in Islam is not equal either. Islamic jurisprudence supports classism and Quran differentiates between free and enslaved women as will be seen below.

There are several ways in which Islam could have established gender equality based on the practice already available in pre-Islamic time. That women in pre-Islamic time were used to being treated equally with men can be inferred from Hind bint Utbah’s feisty comment to Muhammad, “By God, you ask us something that you didn’t ask men. In any case, we shall grant it to you![6]” when the latter asked Hind to take his oath of allegiance which is different for women. Muslim scholars point out that some “distinguished women converted to Islam prior to their husbands, a demonstration of Islam’s recognition of their capacity for independent action[7].” However, what this demonstrates is the independence of pre-Islamic women who would have never been able to convert independently without their male kin if their independent status was not already established.

Marriage

Hoyland gives several examples to illustrate that while Islamic law establishes ‘descent through the male line’, pre-Islamic Arabia also recognized ‘matrilineal arrangements’ which allowed women to choose who they wished to marry and have children with (2003, p.129-131). Muslims claim that ‘Islam gave women the right to choose their husband’, but there are instances where Muslim girls were married off by their guardians/fathers, examples of which include: Aisha being married off to Muhammad as a child (presumably without her knowledge), al-Musayyab ibn Najaba giving his newborn daughter’s hand in marriage to his cousin’s son, Muhammad arranging his cousin, Zainab bint Jahsh’s (apparently against her will prompting the revelation of 33:36, see tafsir of al Jalalayn[8]) marriage to his adopted Zayd ibn Harithah. Thus we see that if male guardians generally married off women in pre-Islamic time, the practice did not stop with the coming of Islam.

We also see Islamic law making it necessary for a woman (whether virgin or previously married) to have a male guardian give her away in marriage, for example we learn that when Muhammad married Umm Salamah she was an ‘older widow’ but what we hardly read is that she was “married to the Prophet” by her son, Salamah (Ibn Hisham, 2010, p. 793). On the other hand, the pre-Islamic forms of unions, some of which gave authority to women in a marriage, were replaced by patriarchal order by Islam (see Ahmed, 1986, p. 667) scraping off marriages that assisted women like: uxorilocal marriage (according to Ahmed, Muhammad’s own mother had contracted this form of marriage with Abdullah ibn Abdul Muttalib), pre-Islamic form of mutah marriage (which according to Robertson in Kinship And Marriage in Early Arabia may have been the type contracted between Khadija and Muhammad since he remained monogamous), and even polyandry practiced by women belonging to matrilineal tribes. In the words of Fatima Mernissi (2011), polyandry, which was banned by Islam, was degrading to men not women:

“Group sex marriages, where the woman could entertain relations either with a group of less than ten men or consume a limitless number of partners, degraded men to animal-like anonymity. Fatherhood, which implied that the woman limited her sexual desire to consuming only her husband’s body was a rare privilege, since children belonged to the mother’s tribe in general.”

Anonymity of the father meant a man’s role was that of a mere sperm donor and a temporary sexual object. Since the woman gave birth to a child and raised them, she took central stage position. According to Robertson (1907), polyandry as practiced in the pre-Islamic world is generally represented by Muslim writers as fornication however, he says, “where the children are not bastards, and the mothers are not disgraced or punished for their unchastity, this term is plainly in- appropriate.”

Divorce

Another area where Islam changed power balance between men and women is divorce. While generally men held the right to divorce women in pre-Islamic time, there are also records that indicate that women dismissed their husbands with an equal right:

‘The women in the pre-Islamic time, or some of them, had the right to dismiss their husbands, and the form of dismissal was this. If they lived in a tent they turned it round, so that if the door faced east it now faced west, and when the man saw this he knew that he was dismissed and did not enter.’”(Isfahani in Hoyland, p. 130).

The above report dismisses the claim that it was Islam that gave women the right to divorce, which is also factually untrue since a Muslim woman cannot divorce her husband, but has to ask to be divorced by him. An option of equality would have been to make ‘divorce through arbitration’ the law for both men and women. Instead men have the full right to dismiss a wife independently even through oral pronouncement, while a woman has to ‘ask’ her husband for divorce through third party intercession (called Khul):

“Islam further restricted women’s divorce rights by leaving it only to the husband to decide on divorce. Although the practice of foregoing one’s mahr for a divorce continues to exist in Muslim countries up to now, it no longer guarantees the wife a divorce: the husband has the right to refuse a divorce even if the wife is prepared to forego her mahr. Only very limited circumstances (such as disappearance of a husband over four years, or extreme physical deformities leading to sexual impotence) entitle a wife to ask an Islamic judge for a divorce. The final decision is left to the judge, however.[9]”

This disparity has never been clearer than in modern time when Muslim men can divorce via text messages[10], while Muslim women have to wait for years to obtain a divorce[11] making it clear that changing the direction of the opening of a tent was unquestionably empowering for a pre-Islamic woman!

Bridal Price

Islam also continued the practice of ‘bridal price’ (called Mahr or Sadaq) making Islamic marriage a ‘marriage of authority.’ Mahr or Sadaq is explained in Islam (as was understood before Islam as well) as the price a man pays a woman to have sex with her (amusingly called ‘thaman al bud’a’ – ‘the vulva’s price’, by Imam Shafi; see Ali, 2006, p. 4). However, before Islam, some women were able to contract marriages with men who were obligated to live in the woman’s house. The offspring produced in such a marriage would remain with the woman and her family and the husband did not receive inheritance from the wife upon her death. Some early biographers of Muhammad claim that Khadija paid four thousand dinars to Muhammad upon their marriage which makes scholars like Robertson and Leila Ahmed to speculate that the pre-Islamic type of marriage between the two obligated Muhammad to live in Khadija’s house and remain monogamous as long as she was alive (he also received nothing in inheritance upon her death). After Islam, men were no longer required to be monogamous and allowed up to four wives and as many concubines as they can afford. Women, on the other hand, were banned from practicing polyandry. Muslim scholars explain that Islam allows men four wives (ignoring the countless concubines!) making it the only religious system in the world to restrict limitless polygyny for the first time. This we know is not true. Over five hundred years before Islam, Hinduism had already laid down the law according to which the upper caste, Brâhmanas were allowed to four wives (Baudhayana Prasna I, Adhyay 8, Kandikka 16[12]).

Thus, there were other religious systems before Islam that restricted polygyny and similar models must have been available for Muslims to adopt including an equally satisfying monogamous model that could have been established as the preferred model for both sexes by ending the practice of ‘thaman al bud’a’ which reduces the significance of a woman to that of purchased goods. This is not pointed out in modern Islamic discourses, which have started to call Mahr/Sadaq a ‘sweet gift’ rather than “vulva’s price.” Mahr is interchangeably used with Sadaq in Islamic discourses although the former was paid, in pre-Islamic time, to the male guardian of the bride, while the latter was given to the bride. After Islam, although it remains as the payment that gives a man “the right to enjoy the women’s private parts” (Sahih Bukhari – Volume 7, Book 62, Number 81), Mahr or Sadaq is directly given to the bride and becomes her property. However, because a man buys a woman’s vulva through Mahr (Quran, 4:24), she must remain monogamous and faithful to her husband; if she is not, he can take the Mahr back (Quran, 4:19). If he no longer wants her, he may divorce her and let her keep the Mahr since he has already ‘gone into’ what he paid for (Quran, 4:20-21). If a woman wants a divorce, she returns the Mahr so she can be “released/freed” (“tasrīḥun” – Quran, 2:229). This is a clear model of patriarchal marriage of authority where the woman’s vulva is purchased and she must request to be “released”, which Islam established as the standardized model bringing it from pre-Islamic time while abolishing all other models, some of which placed women at an equal footing or in a more favourable position.

Social roles pre-Islamic women played

Being wives and mothers was not the only roles women played in pre-Islamic time. Women commissioned inscriptions, made offerings to their gods in their own right, acted as administrative officers, took up their deceased husbands’ overloardship, and constructed public buildings and tombs (Hoyland, p. 132; also see Al Fassi, 2001, p. 48-55) leading historians to claim that the last activity indicates a ‘considerable degree of financial independence (Ibid).’ Ahmed also explains that, “Jahilia women were priests, soothsayers, prophets, participants in warfare, and nurses on the battlefield. They were fearlessly outspoken, defiant critics of men; authors of satirical verse aimed at formidable male opponents; keepers, in some unclear capacity, of the keys of the holiest shrine in Mecca; rebels and leaders of rebellions that included men; and individuals who initiated and terminated marriages at will, protested the limits Islam imposed on that freedom, and mingled freely with the men of their society until Islam banned such interaction” (1992, p. 62).

Furthermore, Muslims claim that in pre-Islamic time during “times of war, women were treated as part of the loot. Simply put, their plight was unspeakable[13].” But that very well continued into Islam:

Narrated Buraida: The prophet sent Ali to Khalid to bring the Khumus ([one fifth] of the booty) and I hated Ali, and Ali had taken a bath (after a sexual act with a slave girl from the Khumus). I said to Khalid, “Don’t you see this (i.e. Ali)?” When we reached the prophet I mentioned that to him. He said, “O Buraida! Do you hate Ali?” I said, “Yes” He said, “Do you hate him, for he deserves more than that from the Khumus.” (Sahih Bukhari 5:59:637). Also see Sahih Bukhari 7:62:137; Sahih Bukhari 5:59:512; Sahih Bukhari 5:59:459.)

Inheritance

Similarly, “Muslim writers on the subject of inheritance often state that Islam instituted inheritance and property rights for women, something that they were presumably deprived of in pre-Islamic Arabia. This is simply false and in contradiction to many statements in the Muslim hadith itself[14]” for we read about the wealth Khadija had inherited and owned. We even read about Sulafa and Hubba – two women who were entrusted with being the Keepers of the Key of Kaaba, something that never happened after Mecca was attacked and Muslims subsequently occupied Kaaba – women never became the successors who could become the Keepers of the Key. We now know (through the study of none other than a Meccan Muslim woman) that “women were able to inherit and also to bequeath inheritance to whom so ever they wish (sic). The fact that women were those who bestow rights to their close relatives demonstrates their legal power of ownership and inheritance” (Al Fassi, 2001, p. 55).

Veil

In modern Muslim circles, we also see assertions that veil is liberation from sexual attention, that it is a feminist choice that ‘dignifies a woman’ because before Islam women used to roam around naked. This is not entirely true. Classism existed in the pre-Islamic Arabian society. The upper class, free women would cover their bodies, even faces, because their “sexuality and reproductive capability belonged to one man” (Ahmed, 1992, p. 12) – this continued into Islam. Women belonging to the working class and those who were slaves did not cover themselves; in fact, slaves were not allowed to cover their bodies and were punished if they tried to behave like free women – this too continued into Islam:

Umar hit the slave women from the family of Anas ibn Malik, when he saw them covered and said, “Uncover your head, and do not resemble the free women.” – Abd al-Razzaq al-Sanani (d. 211 AH/826 CE) in Al-Musannaf

The founder of Islam, was a Woman.

She converted Muhammad, to Her faith ..

So the 'Archangel' is supposed to have 'revealed' the 'truth' to a woman? Guess she was killed by the warring, paedo bigot that claimed it had been spoken to HIM.

Now it is 'written' that women are never to be heard, lest they 'reveal' the 'truth'.

His first wife, Khadija ... before he (Muhammad) went off up into the mountains be become a prophet

So they had a somewhat surreal chat, he nicked the 'Revelation' idea, killed her, blagged it as his own amd ,managed to persuade the desert dwelling hoardes to invade other lands in order to take the 'truth' to their citizens?
Fuck! That shit had/has been going on for centuries and was/is only about booty and women. See how the worm turned there? Cunning!

No, she died of a fever... Most Muslims don't realise that over half their book, was scribed by a woman.

I have serious doubts about their names, MO-hammad---hamad or gamad is referal to lunar and Mo well, maybe ma?
and Nag - Hammadi from Gnosis too

Khadija is simply Kathia or Kat---cat as goddess symbol

Hadhrat Khadija - Hat Rhod Kat,

hat is also cat

he was in cave of HIRa

those are codes.

Story goes, it was Khadija who insisted on the 'one true god' theme in Islam. Apparently, against Muhammad's wishes, initially..

Based on such incidents “jurists in the following centuries allowed Muslim slave women to pray without a head covering, and walk topless in public. The slave woman’s awrah — the legally delineated area that must be covered in order to avoid sin — became the same as the man, from the navel to the knees.[15]” Renowned historian, Ronald Segal’s book, ‘Islam’s Black Slaves’, gives specific details of how throughout Muslim history classism has existed with free women and slaves treated differently just like in pre-Islamic times (2001, p. 13-65).

Infanticide

Female infanticide in pre-Islamic times is another point Muslims use to claim that women were “rescued from the gloomy injustice of Pre-Islamic darkness.” It is certainly true that Quran categorically bans infanticide and ended the practice very quickly, at least in Arabia (Quran, 6:151: 17:31). However, the practice was never widespread anyway and Quran clearly bans the infanticide of boys and girls, not just girls. Tribes that practiced infanticide did not discriminate between sons and daughters. Some tribes killed their children as a way to appease their gods. Muhammad’s grandfather, Abdul Muttalib, had sworn to his highest god, Allah, that he would sacrifice a son if he had ten. He was then required to sacrifice Abdullah (Muhammad’s father) whose name was cast by divination arrows but was saved by a female soothsayer’s consultation (Ibn Ishaq, p.66-68). Poorer tribes would kill their children from fear of poverty. There was one tribe, Tamim, in which some men would kill their daughters as they were always warring with other tribes and were afraid that their daughters would be captured and turned into concubines. However, while Quran prohibits killing children and refers to the fear and sadness associated with the birth of a daughter (16:58-59), it never banned capture of women in wars and their subsequent enslavement and concubinage. Strangely, renowned Muslim scholars like Ibn Khaldun and Ibn Sina justified capture of Africans as slaves commenting that “the Negro nations are, as a rule, submissive to slavery” since they have characteristics that “are quite similar to those of dumb animals” (Ibn Khaldun cited in Segal, 2001: 49). Similarly, al Idrisi is cited as commenting on a desirability of Nubian concubines: “Their women are of surpassing beauty. They are circumcised and fragrant-smelling…Of all the black women, they are the best for pleasures of the bed” (Ibid, p.50). Thus, we see that while degradation of women as enslaved concubines could have been banned by Islam, which was a fear out of which the Tamim tribe would kill their daughters, it not only continued the practice but was justified by the early Muslim scholars.

Conclusion

Two arguments are being made in this essay: 1] the condition of women in pre-Islamic Arabia depended on which tribe they belonged to – not all women were mistreated, in fact some were far more empowered before Islam than afterward…these reports all exist in Muslim sources; 2] Islam did not choose the more women-empowering pre-existing cultural mores to lay down laws regarding women. It appears that the Islamic laws related to women, while striving for some form of compassion for women, are consistently formed in ways to benefit men, and the focus of many of these laws has been to satisfy the almost obsessive interest of Islam in paternity. Muslim gender equality activists argue that early male scholars deliberately misinterpreted the Quran, but their entire premise is based on the belief that Islam universally improved the situation of women who lived in the gloomy, unjust, pre-Islamic darkness. Without this naïve supposition (that we have seen is a false belief), their entire argument crumbles to dust. Some Muslims have already begun to realise this:

“I have become only further convinced that if Muslim women are to come fully to terms with cases in which the Qur’anic text lends itself to meanings that are detrimental to them, we must begin to confront those meanings more honestly, without resorting to apologetic explanations for them, or engaging in interpretive manipulations to force egalitarian meanings from the text. Furthermore, I have also come to believe firmly that we must begin to radically reimagine the nature of the Qur’an’s revelation and divinity.” – Hidayatullah (2014, p. viii).

As more and more historians reconsider the condition of pre-Islamic women, it will become exceedingly difficult for Muslim scholars to defend the supposed gender egalitarianism in Islam without radically reimagining the nature of the Qur’an’s revelation and divinity.

References

Ahmed, L. ( 1986). Women and the Advent of Islam. Signs, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 665-691. University of Chicago Press
Ahmed, L. (1992). Women and gender in Islam. New Haven and London: Yale University press
Al-Fassi, H.A. (2007). Women in Pre-Islamic Arabia, British Archaeological Reports (BAR) Archaeopress, Oxford
Ali, K. (2010). Marriage and Slavery in Early Islam. Cambridge: Harvard University Press
Ibn Ishaq. (2010). Sirat Rasul Allah – The Life of Muhammad. Translated by A. Guillaume. Karachi: Oxford University Press
Hidayatullah, A. A. (2014). Feminist Edges of the Qur’an. New York: Oxford University Press
Hoyland, R. G. (2001) Arabia and the Arabs – from the bronze age to the coming of Islam. London and New York: Routledge
Mernissi, F. (2011). Beyond the Veil: Male-Female Dynamics in Muslim Society. London: Saqi
Robertson, S. W. (1907). Kinship And Marriage In Early Arabia. London: Adam and Charles Black
Segal, R. (2002). Islam’s Black Slaves: The Other Black Diaspora. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux

THRACIAN LANGUAGE

2016-08-25T16:24:00.000-07:00

from Vladimir Georgiev ,Bulgarian linguist
Slavic elements in ancient Trachian language.

Thracian word for rabbit is SAIHA.
In Slavic it is Zaek, Zajka, Zajac, Zajakot, Zajak, Zec etc

Berga, Bryg, Helm, Hum are Slavic names for hill - Brig/breg
toponims; Bergana, Bersama, Bersovia, family names Bregovic, Brigic etc.

Berza or Breza is Birch tree
toponims; Bersava, Bersamae, Bersovia ,old Bulgarian and old Serbian Briza.

Bourd or Brod is Boat
toponims; Burdara, Burdomes, Slavonski Brod, Bosanski Brod etc

VANDALS

2016-07-22T13:39:00.001-07:00

Vandals go under names such as Vindelici, Vennones, Sarmatian Venedi, Vouenedai, Bastarnae, Vandili and Lugii.

The first literary reference to this group of people by the Romans can be found in Pliny the Elder’s Natural History . According to this writer, the Vandals, or Vandili, were one of the five groups of peoples, and consisted of several smaller tribes:

Other writers, such as Tacitus and Ptolemy also mentioned the Vandals, though they used the term Lugii instead.

The next important reference to the Vandals may be found in Cassius Dio’s Roman History . In his work, Dio mentions that during the Marcomannic Wars (166 – 180 AD), a tribe known as the Astingi (identified by some as the Vandals) entered Dacia, and offered their allegiance to the Roman Empire. After this, the Vandals disappeared into obscurity again, and only reappeared in Jordanes’ The Origin and Deeds of the Goths.

In this 6th century AD work, the Vandals are said to have come into conflict with the Goths during the reign of the Emperor Constantine. After being defeated in battle by the Goths, the Vandals migrated into Pannonia. A long time afterward they were summoned thence by Stilicho, Master of the Soldiery, Ex-Consul and Patrician, and took possession of Gaul. Here they plundered their neighbors and had no settled place of abode.

Jordanes goes on to write about the Vandals’ journey into Gaul and Spain during the reign of Emperor Honorius (393 – 423 AD),

Now the Vandals and the Alani, as we have said before, had been dwelling in both Pannonias by permission of the Roman Emperors. Yet fearing they would not be safe even here if the Goths should return, they crossed over into Gaul. But no long time after they had taken possession of Gaul they fled thence and shut themselves up in Spain.

Mauro Orbini

Regni de gli Slavi

16.ct.

page 7

Slavs are Bohemians, Venedi, Slaui, Anti, Verli, Eruli, Alani, Massageti, Hyrri, Seyri, Sirbi, Emincleni, Daci, Suedi, Fenni, Finni, Prussi, Vandali, Burgundioni, Gothi, Ostrogothi, Geti, Gepidi, Marcomanni, Quadi, Avari, Peucini, Bastarni, Rossolani, Russi and Moscowits, Poloni, Boemi, Slesi and Bulgari.

The Slovaks of Hungary- Slavs and Panslavism,

Thomas Capek, Knickerbocker Press, 1906
Aryans that called themselves Srbove - relatives, family
(still present in word of Skrb, skrbnik - family related,
old Slavic S is normaly SK,
SK is present in old name of Sklavs as Skoloti or Skitians)

Wandalia
Albert Krantz, 1519.
Polish stems from Wandals
Wandals are Slavs
Wenden are Vandalen
Barbars, Varvars are Vandals

Albert Krantz, 1519
Christinae - Svecorum - Gottorum et Vandalorum Reginae

Wenden = Slavo Vandalica, Venedig
Trojans are Vandals moving to area between Adriatic and Dinaric Alps and forming Illyria and Dalmatia
Veneti or Heneti, both names are used
Obodriti or Avari or Obri are Slavs
13 kingdoms of Slavs (it's the same today, 13 states)
Slavs and Germans are fruit out of the same tree.

BRITANNIA

2016-07-19T13:40:00.003-07:00

Name of Britannia goes way back but oldest sample of her name is found few years back and dated to around Roman times. The statue on the picture is Goddess Brigantia.

Incription on the statue says
BRIGANTIAE SAMALOVS or Brigantia Semelovs
OV-slavic neutral possesive sufixs/in those times cause same extension is used for male names only today- OVA is today form of feminine possesive sufix, it means HERS.
S extension is Macedonian and Roman, used as singular noun at the end of the names, it means -from her alone.
SAMAL-OVS is same old Etruscan and Thracian Goddess Semela or ZEMLA in slavic meaning Earth.

Brygians are really ancient people that have been inhabiting Helm (Balkan) and that have spread in time to nearby Herm (Anatolia) and there they were recorded as Phrygians.

They are easy to recognise cause of their "smurf" hats.

BRIG/BREG in Slavic means a Hill or a high place.
ANTI is shorter for future Veneti, Vendi, Vandals.
V use to be omitted from writing because it was a glottal stop and therefore a God self.

Anti are people from Troja that after their defeat moved to Helm between Dinara Alps and Adriatic Sea. They are what was left from pre-ANCIENT world.
Entire era is named after ANTI.

a bit more on Sclavo-Scythian origins of Britannia.

Slavonic Wilk or Sclavic Wolves, in todays english Wilk became folk.

from Clack
A Journal of Literary, Scientifick, and Artistick Talk for One and All in Ye
Counties of Devon and Cornwall
Houlston and Wright,
Лондон, 1865

Sorbiodunum

from;
Notes and Queries
Oxford University Press,1865.г

Medieval lead pilgrim's ampulla, found in Henhull, Cheshire

BULGARIA home land of Valkyria

2016-07-09T12:54:00.001-07:00

Nordic epics about Valkyria are not giving much of etymological explanation for it's connection with Wulf Daughter or Wulf Nation or typical Scythian connection with wolves.
It is however to be found in the earth and ancient scripts and branches of Slavic language, in this case positioning is unmistakable, in all the ways that matter, position of Myrmidonia who's legendary Amazon Trassa will borrow her name to Trachians and meaning of her ideology of Mother Wulf remain in it's original form as Vulkkhora gona be kept for generations in Norse Eda's.

But here they are, Amazons from Pontus wearing wolf skin hats.
And with curls, just as described in Valkyrias.

Germanic word for "the people" folk or volk stems from Slavic Vulk, vuk a wulf.

It is weird that Turkish "halk"(wulf) for people have the same roots, Slavic wulf.
(V is interchangable with H only on limited areas and those are regularly bound by Slavic
but normaly, acording to Grimms laws V goes into F, P, B, Ph.)
K goes to G, H, C, S, Z - there is a longer stretch to this but it is not needed in this case.

In cirilic alphabet (alfavita) letter V is writen as B so the transcripts often translate words mixing these two sounds ,maybe with intent to do so because ones you create new language you do make a wedge amongst people, this is hard core of forming of all of this "nations" in Europe, Kings, rulers, church needed it like this.
So one day Catholic Church called it's translation in latin a VULGATE which is translated as rough or VULGAR. It is not a coincidence that Church as institution have used this exact word to set the meaning for something low, dirty, vulgar, not just that it refers to our pagan Goddess Mother Wulf but if we are called folk or volk back in your mind this folk, meaning you is dirty, low and in need to be set "straight".

Alternative names of Bulgaria have been Volgaria, V'lgaria which means wet or moist - vlaga-river Volga.
New historians even try to attach this name to Tataro-Mongol attackers from high middle ages but that is simply impossible when you know that these things are recorded way back in Iliad.

Valhalla

As for Valhalla I think that ancient name of exact area was Wallachia.
The name Wallachia have other forms such is Valahia or Vlahia is derived from the word VuLK as well.
Arabic chronicles from the XIII-th century had used only the name of Wallachia instead of Kingdom of Bulgaria and gave the Arabic coordinates of Wallachia and specified that Walachia was named "al-Awalak" and the dwellers "ulaqut" or "ulagh".
ULAQUT is close enough to VLK.
Contemporary Arabic word for wulf is وولف - wwlf
Polish version of the area is Włoch, plural Włosi
Byzantines Βλάχοι, Vláhi
Wallachia – between the Southern Carpathians and the Danube ,Bassarab-Wallachia (Bassarab's Wallachia and Ungro-Wallachia or Wallachia Transalpina in administrative sources; Istro-Vlachia (Danubian Wallachia in Byzantine sources), and Velacia secunda on Spanish maps
Moldavia – between the Carpathians and the Dniester river (Bogdano-Wallachia; Bogdan's Wallachia, Moldo-Wallachia or Maurovlachia; Black Wallachia, Moldovlachia or Rousso-Vlachia in Byzantine sources); Bogdan Iflak or Wallachia in Polish sources; L'otra Wallachia (the other Wallachia) in Genovese sources and Velacia tertia on Spanish maps
Transylvania – between the Carpathians and the Hungarian plain; Wallachia interior in administrative sources and Velacia prima on Spanish maps
Second Bulgarian Empire, between the Carpathians and the Balkan Mountains – Regnum Blachorum et Bulgarorum in documents by Pope Innocent III
Terra Prodnicorum (or Terra Brodnici), mentioned by Pope Honorius III in 1222. Vlachs led by Ploskanea supported the Tatars in the 1223 Battle of Kalka. Vlach lands near Galicia in the west, Volania in the north, Moldova in the south and the Bolohoveni lands in the east were conquered by Galicia.
Bolokhoveni was Vlach land between Kiev and the Dniester in Ukraine. Place names were Olohovets, Olshani, Voloschi and Vlodava, mentioned in 11th-to-13th-century Slavonic chronicles. It was conquered by Galicia.

Other Walachias were never too far away, actualy all these area populated with grey wulf.
White Wallachia in Moesia
Great Wallachia (Μεγάλη Βλαχία; Megáli vlahía) in Thessaly
Small Wallachia (Μικρή Βλαχία; Mikrí vlahía) in Aetolia, Acarnania, Dorida and Locrida[58]
Morlachia, in Lika-Dalmatia
Upper Valachia of Moscopole and Metsovon (Άνω Βλαχία; Áno Vlahía) in southern Macedonia, Albania and Epirus
Stari Vlah ("the Old Vlach"), a region in southwestern Serbia.
Romanija mountain (Romanija planina) in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina
Vlaşca County, a former county of southern Wallachia (derived from Slavic Vlaška)
"Greater Wallachia" is an older name for the region of Muntenia, Romania.
"Lesser Wallachia" is an older name for the region of Oltenia, Romania.
An Italian writer called the Banat Valachia citeriore ("Wallachia on this side") in 1550.
Valahia transalpina, including Făgăraș and Haţeg

Moravian Wallachia (Czech: Valašsko), in the Beskid Mountains of the Czech Republic.

Goddess Nehalennia was equated with Goddess Volva , both with Wolves or lone wulf

but the way it was spelled was Neha Alaenniae, Neh Alnniae

and found in Walcheren !!!

Neha Lenniae
there is enough place for full name yet they stand appart.
Original steel engraving drawn by Vernier, engraved by Lemaitre. 1845

Just to make the facts straight, Trojans that survived found new home on Helm (Balkan) acording to ancient writers. Between Dinara mountains and Adriatic Sea.

Biblical name of Helm was Haem or Hum.
Helm was name of Balkan since ..always up till 1920 when British Masonry decided to rename it to Balkan.
(Details on re-naming of Helm in other article)

Because this one is dedicated to Bulgaria, ancient Myrmidonian Amazon. Thanks to Homer's Iliad, Titus Livius, numerous arhaeologists, Maria Gimbutas who was first to open this peticular can of worms, Joannis Malalae, Norse Eda's today we can celebrate return of our grandmother wolf.

She still lives as Paraskeva or Bogorodica Skiti (Athos) and Rhea Silvia or Ila, the survivor of Troja who swimmed to the other side of Adriatic and formed the Rome, scuse me - Aelia (the forbidden name)! Descendant of Ilins (Hellens) are Illyrians.

SARMATIA

2016-07-07T18:43:00.001-07:00

Most beautiful love story never told nor even a movie was made,
such was a meeting of different tribes of Scythian warriors and Scythian Amazons
that created something unseen till then in all of the ancient worlds.
I'm gonna call it

"The Sarmed ones"

source;
Herodotus, from Malpomene

[4.110] It is reported of the Sauromatae, that when the Macedonians fought with the Amazons, whom the Scythians call Oior-pata or "man-slayers," as it may be rendered, Oior being Scythic for "man," and pata for "to slay" - It is reported, I say, that the Macedonians after gaining the battle of the Thermodon, put to sea, taking with them on board three of their vessels all the Amazons whom they had made prisoners; and that these women upon the voyage rose up against the crews, and massacred them to a man. As however they were quite strange to ships, and did not know how to use either rudder, sails, or oars, they were carried, after the death of the men, where the winds and the waves listed. At last they reached the shores of the Palus Maeotis and came to a place called Cremni or "the Cliffs," which is in the country of the free Scythians. Here they went ashore, and proceeded by land towards the inhabited regions; the first herd of horses which they fell in with they seized, and mounting upon their backs, fell to plundering the Scythian territory.

[4.111] The Scyths could not tell what to make of the attack upon them - the dress, the language, the nation itself, were alike unknown whence the enemy had come even, was a marvel. Imagining, however, that they were all men of about the same age, they went out against them, and fought a battle. Some of the bodies of the slain fell into their hands, whereby they discovered the truth. Hereupon they deliberated, and made a resolve to kill no more of them, but to send against them a detachment of their youngest men, as near as they could guess equal to the women in number, with orders to encamp in their neighbourhood, and do as they saw them do - when the Amazons advanced against them, they were to retire, and avoid a fight - when they halted, the young men were to approach and pitch their camp near the camp of the enemy. All this they did on account of their strong desire to obtain children from so notable a race.

[4.112] So the youths departed, and obeyed the orders which had been given them. The Amazons soon found out that they had not come to do them any harm; and so they on their part ceased to offer the Scythians any molestation. And now day after day the camps approached nearer to one another; both parties led the same life, neither having anything but their arms and horses, so that they were forced to support themselves by hunting and pillage.

[4.113] At last an incident brought two of them together - the man easily gained the good graces of the woman, who bade him by signs (for they did not understand each other's language) to bring a friend the next day to the spot where they had met - promising on her part to bring with her another woman. He did so, and the woman kept her word. When the rest of the youths heard what had taken place, they also sought and gained the favour of the other Amazons.

[4.114] The two camps were then joined in one, the Scythians living with the Amazons as their wives; and the men were unable to learn the tongue of the women, but the women soon caught up the tongue of the men. When they could thus understand one another, the Scyths addressed the Amazons in these words - "We have parents, and properties, let us therefore give up this mode of life, and return to our nation, and live with them. You shall be our wives there no less than here, and we promise you to have no others." But the Amazons said - "We could not live with your women - our customs are quite different from theirs. To draw the bow, to hurl the javelin, to bestride the horse, these are our arts of womanly employments we know nothing. Your women, on the contrary, do none of these things; but stay at home in their waggons, engaged in womanish tasks, and never go out to hunt, or to do anything. We should never agree together. But if you truly wish to keep us as your wives, and would conduct yourselves with strict justice towards us, go you home to your parents, bid them give you your inheritance, and then come back to us, and let us and you live together by ourselves."

[4.115] The youths approved of the advice, and followed it. They went and got the portion of goods which fell to them, returned with it, and rejoined their wives, who then addressed them in these words following:- "We are ashamed, and afraid to live in the country where we now are. Not only have we stolen you from your fathers, but we have done great damage to Scythia by our ravages. As you like us for wives, grant the request we make of you. Let us leave this country together, and go and dwell beyond the Tanais." Again the youths complied.

[4.116] Crossing the Tanais they journeyed eastward a distance of three days' march from that stream, and again northward a distance of three days' march from the Palus Maeotis. Here they came to the country where they now live, and took up their abode in it. The women of the Sauromatae have continued from that day to the present to observe their ancient customs, frequently hunting on horseback with their husbands, sometimes even unaccompanied; in war taking the field; and wearing the very same dress as the men.

[4.117] The Sauromatae speak the language of Scythia, but have never talked it correctly, because the Amazons learnt it imperfectly at the first. Their marriage-law lays it down that no girl shall wed till she has killed a man in battle. Sometimes it happens that a woman dies unmarried at an advanced age, having never been able in her whole lifetime to fulfil the condition.

The Sarmatians were overrun by the invasions of the Goths and Huns
in the 3rd and 4th centuries AD.

samples of Sarmatian coins;

Sarmatia Devicta

Devica is a Slavic word for virgin.
Other forms are Diva, Deva, Djeva, Dyevushka (shka-deminutiv)
ST or CT conflates to C as in Tzar in eng. spelling.
Devicta is translated as Victory or Nike which is incorrect because De is neglected,
assumation is as usual attempt to hide Sclavic origin of both Scythians and Sarmatians.

At the coin inscription Sarmati is also visible.

OLBIO coins in shape of dolphins

revers APISKO (is it fish or pish)
(A wasn't pronaunced, it had a function of "a fish" grammarly but in pronaun A was used to shoot P out from the lips)
X in ancient world is regularly SK instead of KS
PISKO was most likely a currency that in humorous manner resembled male pissing organ.
Do not forget that Amazon nation struck this coin.
Pisko or Pishko or Pisho is Slavic word for small male organ, today used only for boys.

"ONE OFF"
Instead of OLBIO it says OBIO or OBLO
Obolo was a coin for a coin and it came in several versions
Per definition -
The obol (Greek: ὀβολός, obolos, also ὀβελός (obelós), ὀβελλός (obellós), ὀδελός (odelós). lit. "nail, metal spit"; Latin: obolus) was a form of ancient Greek currency and weight

But OBLO is Slavic word for round
Oblik is word for shape
Oblak is word for cloud
Stablo (tree) is bicomposit of STa(stand)+oBLO (round)
Besides, ancient "greek" have no letter B at all so that alphabet used for Sarmatian coin is not standard alphabet but one of the alphabets offered and listed under their original name "Uncial alphabet" ,"Latin" and "Greek" are both there, these names we use are "generic" or made up.

OLBIO and OBIO/OBLO are anagrams and not just for "round" but for colour white Bilo/Belo and ALPE/PLA-NINA - mountains and most likely this group of words was related to mothers breasts and milk, round breasts with milk very much like ancient description of Mountain Mother with her round milky breasts.

Medusa as Great Mother Creator is a theme everyone shared back then.

GAUS?

sample of the first, crude, "cartoonish" Sarmatian coin.

Sarmatian captives depicted on the reverse of a Roman coin struck c. AD 177
under the Emperor Marcus Aurelius

Well, well, isn't this right here a word used in English today as DISARM?
I bet ya!
DeSarm as a fall of such epic culture ?

I like to think that real meaning of Sarm was in slavic Sharm or in english Charm.

Real name of Sarmatia
On the few samples two names appear Sarmati and Desarm.

Sarmati also show tipical Slavic plural for Sarmat-i-ans.
Official version is Sarm, sufix and prefix remain unexplained.

A parts of todays Croatia and Serbia are stil carrying that ancient name of Sarmatia.

Samples of Alemanni Adevicta

Hattusa, Hatti

2016-06-08T11:52:00.002-07:00

Hattusa, Hatti,

destroyed on verge of bronze age circa 1300 BC by Hittites

Hatti Venus star

1900 BC

details of temple on top of Hattusa, on the right side of the citi, on the rock

Large Cobra Lions sphinxes

Hittite signature carved on the Sphinx is double headed eagle with two hares in its claws.

ILLYRIANS are SLAVS part 2

2016-06-01T16:24:00.001-07:00

part 1 link
http://fishcalledsanda.blogspot.be/2015/06/illyrians-today-are-all-lands-of-ex.html

ANTON VRAMEC - KRONIKA
sveti Hieronim doctor sloven
St Hieronimus was Slavic Doctor .

Bulgari i Iliri vazda imenuju Slaveni.
Bulgarians and Illyrians are called Slavs always .

1740.г - Ivan Belosteneć,
Gazophylacium Illyrico-Latinum

Napoleon was impressed with Illyrian language and he said; Superiority and ancienity of Illyrian language and need of many antic nations to speak this language is still being investigated. Grammatica della lingua illirica compilata dal padre Francesco Maria Appendini delle scuole pie professore di eloquenza nel collegio di Ragusa, Francesco Maria Appendini, 1808

privilegia per divos, imperatores, Leopoldum at Josephum

Glorriosissimae Reminiscentiae nec non modernam regnantem majestatem Karolom VI inclytae Nationi Illyricae
privileges by the gods, emperors, Leopold and Joseph Glorriosissimae remembrance and the modern ruling Majesty Karol 6 illustrious nation Illyrian Wienna, 14. aprila 1715. g. NATIONI ILLYRICAE

Petri Colinij, circa 1655. Illyrians are Slavs.

Slavic as Illyrian language includes Ruthenicam (Raethian, Rassian aka Etruscan) , Polonicam, Bohemian, Illyricam-Liburnicam, Dalmaticam, Windiciam and other minor related languages.

Slavic languages are Dalmatian and are Illyrian.

Petri Colinij, circa 1655

Illyrian alphabet by Ciril and Hyeronim.
Illyrian stands in line with Coptic, Persian, Armenian, Brammanic, Hebrew because it is one of the oldest languages of all times.

Jose Voltiggi, 1802 - Slavo-Illyrian languages.

Illyrian language is Slavic language, same as the Thracian language and the Phrygian language.

Celto-Scyths are also equated.

Theologia moralis universa, Seguin, 1818.
Illyrians are Slavs in Serbia, Misnia (Mesia), Bulgaria , also Moscovites or Ruthenians (Raethians) who speak Sclavonic (Slavic)

Annales des voyages, de la géographie et de l'histoire - 1809.

Joachim Stull
Ragusani, from Dubrovnik
Lexicon of Latin-Italian-Illyrian
Ediotion from Budae ,Hungaria
(Budimpest, it was two cities before ,Buda and Pest)
1801.

The privileges of the people, to glorious Illyrian - Rassian people
of the Austrian Emperor Leopold, 1743g
Austrian Emperor Leopold is reffered to as Karol VI (Kralj 6)

Rud Veselić
Illyrian - German Dictionary
was published in 1853 in Vienna

The Old Testament is printed on the Slovenian-Illyrian language,
pronunciation (dialect) Bosnian, 1831

Division of Europe on East and West

2016-06-01T15:03:00.001-07:00

Polish-Swedish King Karol

From Polish Cronicles , year 1697.Plachevnaja rech na pogrebenie togo prez sego
Outcring word at his funeral, from all.

Velemozni i visokorodni (allmighty and highborn)
Knjaz i Gosudar, Gosudanja (Knez-title and Gos-sudar = from Gos (august, gospe) sudar-judge (august or judge appointed by Goddess)

Name of the king is not a name, it is simply Karol or Kralj,
odinasetogo means 11th, thus 11th King.

He was king of; Swedish, Goth and Vandal Korol
slavni - glorious, blagovenago - blessed, milostivoga- mercyfull
NASEGA (ours)
here it is , a part that distinguished just a sad obituary from real meaning, one king ghosudaja (august or judge appointed by Goddess)
-- at the end
in Stokolnje (Stockholm)
24 november, 1697.

Limnes Sorabicus

Karlo the Great made historical border between
Germans and Slavs called "Limnes Sorabicus"

Appletons' Popular Science Monthly-page 63,
William Jay Youmans (1838-1901),New York 1898

Limnes Sorabicus map

Karlo, Karel, Charles mean Kralj

Names of the European Kings like Karlo, Karel, Charles are not names,
they are a title which mean a KRALJ(king) in Slavic tongue.
This is why most of kings have this name amongst his names.
Kароль, Král, Kráľ,Kороль, Kраљ are varations and existing forms of kingly titles.

Charles use to be common name of Scottish Kings
and Scot is form of Scyth.

Charles use to be kingly name common for France too except all first dinasties are with Slavic names like;

Merovingian Dynasty

Merovech
Childeric I
Clovis I
Childebert I
Clothaire I
Charibert
Sigebert I
Chilperic I
Clothaire II
Dagobert I
Clovis II
Clothaire III
Childeric II
(St) Dagobert II
Theuderic III
Clovis III
Childebert II
Dagobert III
Chilperic II
Theuderic IV
Childeric III

447-58
458-82
482-511
511-58
558-62
562-66
562-75
566-84
584-628
628-37
637-55
655-68
668-74
674-78
674-91
691-95
695-711
711-16
716-21
721-37
743-51

in Danemark most often kingly name is Valdemar or Vladimir - meaning Peacebringer
Vlad - ruler (Vlad is same as Volost (vlast) or Bazileos (Vas Silas, all mighty) -none of ancient ruler was Greek, all their titles have meaning in Slavic tongue only.
Mir - peace and world

Sweden have Valdemars, Charles, Carl as Kralj but also Eric which means Rich/Rech or Word in Slavic, E in front of Ric is symbol of trident giving to the ruler godly value.
This means that "he is the one that have a word".
Karol VI inclytae NATIONI ILLYRICAE
here too is Carol a title of emperors mentioned above,
this is why next to Carol is mark that he is 6th king.

privilegia per divos, imperatores, Leopoldum at Josephum Glorriosissimae Reminiscentiae nec non modernam regnantem majestatem Karolom VI inclytae Nationi Illyricae
privileges by the gods, emperors, Leopold and Joseph Glorriosissimae remembrance and the modern ruling Majesty Karol 6 of illustrious Illyrian nations
Wienna, 14. aprila 1715. g.

Systematic Christian Destruction of Goddess Temples and Statues

2016-05-02T05:49:00.003-07:00

"House of Birth" (the Mammisi) of the Sanctuary of the Goddess Hathor at Nitentóre (Dendera),
scenes from the Inner Shrine, north wall, I and II register:
-on the upper register, from right to left,
the King, the Emperor Traianus (wearing the 'Atef'-Crown with ram's horns), offering two jars of milk;
Ptah enthroned, holding a scribe's palette and a pen, fashioning Ihy the Great;
and the seven Hathor-Goddesses each enthroned and suckling Ihy-Harsomtou the Child
-on the lower register, from left to right,
Nut, Osiris, Isis, Horus, Nephthys, Horus of Behdet, Hathor, Tjenenyet, Iunit, and Thoth
(the images have been impiously hammered by the christians...)

"House of Birth" of the Sanctuary of the Goddess Hathor at Nitentóre (Dendera),
detail of the royal kilt or fustanela worn by the Emperor Traianus in the fifth intercolumnar wall (south outer face):
the King (wearing the Double Crown), together with His two lions, smiting the captured rebels against Maat (enemies of the Gods and of Egypt)

Many info provided here is thanks to facebook page
Amentet Neferet - Religion and Traditions of Ancient Egypt

Ancient rulers of Egypt fought Christianity, what is most interresting is that those rulers were white like Emperor Trajanus or entire Ptolemai dinasty. White man and ruler, no less stood on frontier of destruction of the ancient Mother Goddess protecting her.

"House of Birth" of the Sanctuary of the Goddess Hathor at Nitentóre (Dendera),
detail from the Inner Shrine, north wall (lower register):
the Goddess Nut (at right), wearing on Her head a pot (that is the hieroglyph for Her name), holding the 'Ankh' and the papyrus-scepter,
and the God Geb (at left), wearing a composite Red Crown with the 'Atef' (the "Crown of Geb"), holding the 'Ankh' and the 'Uas'-scepter.
(the images have been impiously hammered by the christians...)

Lion Goddesses

2016-04-29T14:19:00.005-07:00

..ever wondered why is Virgin Mary celebrated at zenith of Leo instead of Virgo?
Cause she is Great Lioness or Magna Mater.
Her name was kybele, Mother of Troja amongst others.
Myth says that Kybele was rasied by lionesses and it seem that this myth was common to a wast ancinet cultures of all kinds.
Allmost all Goddesses of old were Lionesses.

Bastet

Carthage, Tunisia

Artemis / Diana temple guarded by lions, Ephessus

Durga

Persian Goddess Nana

Inanna

Kybele

Kybele & Attis

Kalyana

Rhea - Titaness

Syrian Goddess Atargatis right- lion throne with distaff and sceptre

- left side her consort Hadad. Tetradrachm of Caracalla, ca 215 CE.

The three daughters of the god Hubal - who is renamed Kybele

From left to right- Al-Uzza, Al-Lat and Menat

Al Lat will be Allah in future.

Of the distant past of humanity we were informed in one sentence, maybe two that world was ruled by Matriarchy and swiflty subject was turned to endless wars, Kings, rulers, Gods etc. Luckily not all is destroyed but most of them are DEMONISED by the following rule of he-King, Emperor, Warrior which in turn made of me a Worryor cause that firm hand guide us into endless spin of wars, murder and sacrifice. He wrote HIS-STORY, stole it all from her and walk around as pee-cock and if that wasn’t enough he called HER a demon – Lucifer!
Circular Artemis temple in Ephesus have for example only one colomn left, errected in the middle of the sad ruins, sticking out, reaching for the sky just like all other falluses Masonic FAT-HERS proudly errected on their path of distraction.
Her names; Kybele, Cybele, Sybele, Earth-goddess Gaia, Minoan equivalent Rhea, Corn-Mother goddess Demeter, Frygga, Isis, Diana, Kali, Aphrodite, Medusa, Ishtar, Asherah and many more…

Demonisation or Sin use to be word for Moon.
Zionists wear Moon's original name.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin_(mythology) NANNA
note that Moon Goddess Nanna is todays word “SIN” and Durga/druga means “SECOND”
demon is someone who is removed from the Moon and Lunatic as crazy also connected to Moon.
Kybele (Cybele) is in words such as Kabbalah, Mer-Ka-Ba and Kaaba cube in Mecca.

THE GOAT'S EARS OF THE EMPEROR TRAJAN

2016-04-21T14:31:00.003-07:00

In Dalmatian folklore exist a narative that Emperor Trajan had goat ears.

I found Emperor Trajan stela in Egypt so let's see...

Emperor Traianus, wearing a composite Red Crown topped by ram's horns, uraei,

the Aten disk with cow's horns and flowers.

It surely looks that way! He did had goat ears.

I tampered with contrast only on the two other pictures,

first one is untouched and easily verifiable in any ancient Egyptian source.

there is an old Dalmatian saying;

"Zaklela se zemlja raju da se svake tajne znaju"

translation;
"Paradise and Earth have made a deal
that none of secrets will remain concealed"

It was a saying that was always followed by a story of Trajans goat ears.

Tale was recorded as Serbian by Andrew Lang which is probably a place where he picked a tale up but tale was all about Soyhern Slavics very well known.

Classic and Mediæval Influence

When paganism had disappeared, the Southern-Slavonic legends contained many elements from the "Greeks and Romans" and Trojan epics. There are references to the Emperors Trajan and Diocletian as well as to mythical personages. In the Balkans, Trajan is often confused with the king Midas. In the year 1433 Chevalier Bertrandon de la Broquière heard from the natives at Trajanople that this city had been built by the Emperor Trajan, who had goat’s ears. The historian Tzetzes also mentions that emperor’s goat’s ears ὠτία τράγου. In Serbian legends the Emperor Trajan seems also to be confused with Dædalus, for he is given war-wings in addition to the ears.

Coins of the day don't show goat's ears, but what emperor would have permitted that? Still this comment from a coin collector is fun: The Emperor With Many Faces

Many of the coins of Trajan feature a marvelous heroic and realistic bust. However, when Trajan was raised to emperor the mints were faced with a quandry as they had no official portraits to copy for their engraving. Trajan complicated the issue by staying on the frontier with his troops a full year before returning to Rome. Thus, many of the early coins minted during his first consulship [COS II, 97-99 CE] bear images that were the best guesses of the celators. Often the images have a distinctive Nerva look.

The Violet Fairy Book, by Andrew Lang, [1901], at sacred-texts.com;

THE GOAT'S EARS OF THE EMPEROR TROJAN

Once upon a time there lived an emperor whose name was Trojan, and he had ears like a goat. Every morning, when he was shaved, he asked if the man saw anything odd about him, and as each fresh barber always replied that the emperor had goat's ears, he was at once ordered to be put to death.

Now after this state of things had lasted a good while, there was hardly a barber left in the town that could shave the emperor, and it came to be the turn of the Master of the Company of Barbers to go up to the palace. But, unluckily, at the very moment that he should have set out, the master fell suddenly ill, and told one of his apprentices that he must go in his stead.

When the youth was taken to the emperor's bedroom, he was asked why he had come and not his master. The young man replied that the master was ill, and there was no one but himself who could be trusted with the honour. The emperor was satisfied with the answer, and sat down, and let a sheet of fine linen be put round him. Directly the young barber began his work, he, like the rest, remarked the goat's ears of the emperor, but when he had finished and the emperor asked his usual question as to whether the youth had noticed anything odd about him, the young man replied calmly, 'No, nothing at all.' This pleased the emperor so much that he gave him twelve ducats, and said, 'Henceforth you shall come every day to shave me.'

So when the apprentice returned home, and the master inquired how he had got on with the emperor, the young man answered, 'Oh, very well, and he says I am to shave him every day, and he has given me these twelve ducats'; but he said nothing about the goat's ears of the emperor.

From this time the apprentice went regularly up to the palace, receiving each morning twelve ducats in payment. But after a while, his secret, which he had carefully kept, burnt within him, and he longed to tell it to somebody. His master saw there was something on his mind, and asked what it was. The youth replied that he had been tormenting himself for some months, and should never feel easy until some one shared his secret.

'Well, trust me,' said the master, 'I will keep it to myself; or, if you do not like to do that, confess it to your pastor, or go into some field outside the town and dig a hole, and, after you have dug it, kneel down and whisper your secret three times into the hole. Then put back the earth and come away.'

The apprentice thought that this seemed the best plan, and that very afternoon went to a meadow outside the town, dug a deep hole, then knelt and whispered to it three times over, 'The Emperor Trojan has goat's ears.' And as he said so a great burden seemed to roll off him, and he shovelled the earth carefully back and ran lightly home.

Weeks passed away, and there sprang up in the hole an elder tree which had three stems, all as straight as poplars. Some shepherds, tending their flocks near by, noticed the tree growing there, and one of them cut down a stem to make flutes of; but, directly he began to play, the flute would do nothing but sing: 'The Emperor Trojan has goat's ears.' Of course, it was not long before the whole town knew of this wonderful flute and what it said; and, at last, the news reached the emperor in his palace. He instantly sent for the apprentice and said to him:

'What have you been saying about me to all my people?'

The culprit tried to defend himself by saying that he had never told anyone what he had noticed; but the emperor, instead of listening, only drew his sword from its sheath, which so frightened the poor fellow that he confessed exactly what he had done, and how he had whispered the truth three times to the earth, and how in that very place an elder tree had sprung up, and flutes had been cut from it, which would only repeat the words he had said. Then the emperor commanded his coach to be made ready, and he took the youth with him, and they drove to the spot, for he wished to see for himself whether the young man's confession was true; but when they reached the place only one stem was left. So the emperor desired his attendants to cut him a flute from the remaining stem, and, when it was ready, he ordered his chamberlain to play on it. But no tune could the chamberlain play, though he was the best flute player about the court—nothing came but the words, 'The Emperor Trojan has goat's ears.' Then the emperor knew that even the earth gave up its secrets, and he granted the young man his life, but he never allowed him to be his barber any more.

From the Amazon Nation to Warrior Xiongnu Khanate

2016-03-22T18:42:00.000-07:00

First there have been Xiongnu or Hunu Amazons or redhaired giants.

Etymology

匈

The sound of the first Chinese character (匈) has been reconstructed as /hoŋ/ in Old Chinese.
But they expand to; ku, kyo, hiragana, hyung, hung
The Chinese name for the Xiongnu meant;

breast, chest, thorax
(breast of a woman were a mark of Xiongnu)

clamour, noise

the Xiongnu (sometimes referred to as the Huns) and by extension 'Hungary'

The real Asian ancestor is white huntress who trained both girls and boys

into one of most glorious armadas of all times.
They held Mongols captive and tatooed their faces ,those that survived were held as slaves.

Xiongnu Emporium lasted till 5th century AD when Hun took over but even then they married Xiongnu to keep a seat on the throne.

House was still hers.

Aproaching Mongols arrived from Egypt and before that from Africa / Levant

so this explains lack of Mongolian mummies in Asia.

Xiongnu built Chinese wall, openings of older sections look west, never east.

Xiongnu was recorded during ancient times as literate girl who would use birch bark

and was reading from it.

Hunu and Avars (smaller neighbours) arrived on Helm between 4th and 5th century and today they live in Dna of Croatians, Hungarians,Serbs and last battle ended in Hunsrück,

it is Hunu theirs final resort, beaten and humiliated by

Hephtalites-Obars-Avars-White Huns-Sveta Huna

They brought moneta or grivna Kuna which they used as deity and we used it as money.

Ancient vases with fierce Hunu show origins of Chinese or Mongolian traditions.

Mongolia 1920's

Pazyrik rug with blonde or perhaps ginger hair original Xiongnu or Hunnu.

This rug is found with set of mummies with red hair.

entire rug

At the throne is animal Croats to this day use as their national moneta Kuna.
During middle ages animal skins were used across Slavic worlds as Grivna.

Crooked nose, light hair accentuated in bicolour wool.

a statue of Xiongnu Hunnu clearly shows posture of a white male
that was quite large and tall with long arms and legs.
Proportions of the seated girl also show caucassian features.

Looks very much like Sidrona or Sentona or Scylla.

A hunt scene, again light coloured hair.

Divine Marten or Kuna.

A window into language Hunnu/Xiongnu spoke

When a Chanyu died, power could pass to his younger brother if his son was not of age. This system, which can be compared to Gaelic tanistry, normally kept an adult male on the throne, but could cause trouble in later generations when there were several lineages that might claim the throne. When the 12th Chanyu died in 60 BC, power was taken by Woyanqudi, a grandson of the 12th Chanyu's cousin.

Woyanqudi is obviously Slavic name Wojanched,

wojan means a military or army = vojna.

Xiongnu Khaganate

World history of rise and fall of civilization nomadic Xiongnu and Scythians

(2007) ISBN- 4062807025 [Japanese Import]
Japanese do not attempt to ascribe Scytian to Mongolian or Chinese to say the least.

The Amazons: Lives and Legends of Warrior Women across the Ancient World

is available here;

https://books.google.be/books?id=rboWBAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Amazons:+Lives+and+Legends+of+Warrior+Women+across+the+Ancient+World&hl=nl&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6jMrqqtXLAhXH1xQKHe3yC_wQ6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&q=The%20Amazons%3A%20Lives%20and%20Legends%20of%20Warrior%20Women%20across%20the%20Ancient%20World&f=false

Known as Scythians to Macedonians, Saka to the Persians, and Xiongnu to the Chinese, the steppe tribes were masters of horses and archery

So far, DNA testing of the skeletons buried with weapons shows that 25 to 37 percent of Scythian girls and women, from 10 to 45 years of age, were active warriors.

Xiongnu

Chinese name

Chinese

匈奴

Mongolian Cyrillic

Хүннү - Hunnu

The identity of the ethnic core of Xiongnu has been a subject of varied hypotheses, because only a few words, mainly titles and personal names, were preserved in the Chinese sources. Proposals by scholars include Iranian, Mongolic, Tocharian, Turkic, Uralic, Yeniseian, or multi-ethnic. The name Xiongnu is cognate with that of Huns (Hunni) and Huna.

Early history

An early reference to the Xiongnu was by Sima Qian who wrote about the Xiongnu in the Records of the Grand Historian(c. 100 BCE), drawing a distinct line between the settled Huaxia people (Chinese) to the pastoral nomads (Xiongnu), characterizing it as two polar groups in the sense of a civilization versus an uncivilized society: the Hua–Yi distinction.Sources from the pre-Han eras often classified the Xiongnu as the Hu (胡) people, even though this was more a blanket term for nomadic people in general; it only became an ethnonym for the Xiongnu during the Han.

it seem that Xiongnu use to mark their subordinates with tattoos

According to the Book of Han, later quoted in Duan Chengshi's ninth century Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang:

Also, according to the Han shu, Wang Wu (王烏) and others were sent as envoys to pay a visit to the Xiongnu. According to the customs of the Xiongnu, if the Han envoys did not remove their tallies of authority, and if they did not allow their faces to be tattooed, they could not gain entrance into the yurts. Wang Wu and his company removed their tallies, submitted to tattoo, and thus gained entry. The Shanyu looked upon them very highly.

Genghis Khan would later establish his capital of Karakorum out of the Xiongnu Empire which was highly hierarchial in its military character.

It is recorded that Genghis Khan was redhaired too but I have suspicion he was a she because of 'his' title of Khan which was primarily Scyto-Amazon title.

Wars between Han and Xiongnu

The peace settlement between Han and Xiongnu eventually reached between the parties included a Han princess given in marriage to the chanyu (called heqin Chinese: 和親; literally: "harmonious kinship"); periodic gifts to the Xiongnu of silk, distilled beverages and rice; equal status between the states; and the Great Wall as mutual border.

Up to 135 BC, the treaty was renewed nine times, each time with an increase in the "gifts".

While the Xiongnu benefited handsomely, from the Chinese perspective marriage treaties were costly, humiliating, and ineffective.

Full-scale war broke out in autumn 129 BC, when 40,000 Chinese cavalry made a surprise attack on the Xiongnu at the border markets. In 127 BC, the Han general Wei Qing retook the Ordos. In 121 BC, the Xiongnu suffered another setback when Huo Qubing led a force of light cavalry westward out of Longxi and within six days fought his way through five Xiongnu kingdoms. The Xiongnu Hunye king was forced to surrender with 40,000 men.

According to official reports, the Xiongnu lost 80,000 to 90,000 men, and out of the 140,000 horses the Han forces had brought into the desert, fewer than 30,000 returned to China.

As a result of these battles, the Chinese controlled the strategic region from the Ordos and Gansu corridor to Lop Nor. They succeeded in separating the Xiongnu from the Qiang peoples to the south, and also gained direct access to the Western Regions. Because of strong Chinese control over the Xiongnu, the Xiongnu became unstable and were no longer a threat to the Han Chinese.

Xiongnu themselves make distinction between Shanyu and Chanyu Xiongnu.

Ban Chao, Protector General (都護; Duhu) of the Han dynasty, embarked with an army of 70,000 men in a campaign against the Xiongnu insurgents who were harassing the trade route we now know as the Silk Road

Woyanqudi is obviously Slavic name Wojanched,

wojan means a military or army = vojna.

In 53 BC the political status of the Xiongnu in the Chinese world order was reduced from that of a "brotherly state" to that of an "outer vassal" (外臣). During this period, however, the Xiongnu maintained political sovereignty and full territorial integrity.

Grousset states that around A.D. 155, the northern Xiongnu were "crushed and subjugated" by the Xianbei. "Thus Mongol domination succeeded Turkic."

Huchuquan Chanyu (of the Xiongnu) assumed the patronymic Liu, reflecting his imperial ancestry. In 304, Liu Yuan became Chanyu of the Five Hordes. In 308, declared himself emperor and founded the Han Zhao Dynasty. In 311, his son and successor Liu Congcaptured Luoyang, and with it the Emperor Huai of Jin China. In 316, the Emperor Min of Jin China was captured inChang'an. Both emperors were humiliated as cupbearers in Linfen before being executed in 313 and 318. North China came under Xiongnu rule while the remnants of the Jin dynasty survived in the south at Jiankang.

in 428 AD the Xiongnu thenceforth effectively ceased to play a major role in Chinese history, assimilating into the Xianbei and Han ethnicities.

Etymology

匈

The sound of the first Chinese character (匈) has been reconstructed as /hoŋ/ in Old Chinese.
But they expand to; ku, kyo, hiragana, hyung, hung
The Chinese name for the Xiongnu meant;

breast, chest, thorax
(breast of a woman were a mark of Xiongnu)

clamour, noise

the Xiongnu (sometimes referred to as the Huns) and by extension 'Hungary'

As in the case of the Rouran with the Avars, oversimplifications have led to the Xiongnu often being identified with the Huns, who populated the frontiers of Europe. The connection started with the writings of the 18th-century French historian Joseph de Guignes, who noticed that a few of the barbarian tribes north of China associated with the Xiongnu had been named "Hun" with varying Chinese characters. This theory remains at the level of speculation and although it is accepted by some scholars, including Chinese ones, the majority of Anglophone scholars flatly reject it. DNA testing of Hun remains has so far proved inconclusive in determining their origin. E. de la Vaissière has shown in the usage of the Ancient Sogdian Letters that both Xiongnu and Huns were referred to as "xwn" or "Hun" indicating that "Xiongnu" and "Hun" are synonymous.

Harold Walter Bailey proposed an Iranian origin of the Xiongnu, recognizing all the earliest Xiongnu names of the 2nd century BC as being of the Iranian type.

Central Asian scholarChristopher I. Beckwith notes that the Xiongnu name could be a cognate of Scythian, Saka and Sogdia, corresponding to a name for Northern Iranians.

In the UNESCO-published History of Civilizations of Central Asia, its editor János Harmattaconcludes that the royal tribes and kings of the Xiongnu bore Iranian names, that all Xiongnu words noted by the Chinese can be explained from a Scythian language, and that it is therefore clear that the majority of Hsiung-nu tribes spoke an Eastern Iranian language.

According to the "Book of Song", (section Joujan), Joujan's (Rouran Khaganate) alternative name was "Tatar" or "Tartar" and they were a Xiongnu tribe".

Genghis Khan refers to the time of Modu Chanyu as "the remote times of our Chanyu" in his letter to Daoist Qiu Chuji".

oth the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[ and the Book of Zhou, an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Turks to be a subgroup of the Huns.

Previous Turkic interpretations of the aforementioned sentence do not match the Chinese translation as precisely as using Yeniseian grammar. Pulleybank and D. N. Keightley asserted that the Xiongnu titles "were originally Siberian words but were later borrowed by the Turkic and Mongolic peoples".

Excavations conducted between 1924 and 1925 in the Noin-Ula kurgans produced objects with over twenty carved characters, which were either identical or very similar to that of to the runic letters of the Old Turkic alphabet discovered in the Orkhon Valley. From this a some scholars hold that the Xiongnu had a script similar to Eurasian runiform and this alphabet itself served as the basis for the ancient Turkic writing.

The Records of the Grand Historian (vol. 110) state that when the Xiongnu noted down something or transmitted a message, they made cuts on a piece of wood; they also mention a "Hu script".

Genetics

Bronze Man from Ordos 3-1st Century BC

Otto J. Maenchen-Helfennotes that the statuette displays clear Europoid features.

Well-preserved bodies in Xiongnu and pre-Xiongnu tombs in the Mongolian Republic and southern Siberia show both Mongoloid and Caucasian features.

A majority (89%) of the Xiongnu mtDNA sequences can be classified as belonging to Asian haplogroups, and nearly 11% belong to European haplogroups.This finding indicates that contact between European and Asian populations preceded the start of Xiongnu culture, and confirms results reported for two samples from an early 3rd century BC Scytho-Siberian population (Clisson et al. 2002).

Haplop N3 Tat

Another study[123] from 2004 screened ancient samples from the Egyin Gol necropolis for the Y-DNA haplogroup N-Tat. The Egyin Gol necropolis, located in northern Mongolia, is ~2300 years old and belongs to the Xiongnu culture. This Tat-polymorphism is a biallelic marker – that defines the N1c (N3-Tat) Y-DNA haplogroup – what has so far been observed only in populations from Asia and northern Europe. It reaches its highest frequency in Yakuts and northern Uralic peoples, with significant parts also in Buryats and northeastern Siberian populations. Opinions differ about whether the geographic origin of the T-C mutation lies in Asia or northern Eurasia. Zerjal et al. suggested that this mutation first arose in the populations of Central Asia; they proposed Mongolia as a candidate location for the origin of the T-C polymorphism. In contrast, for Lahermo et al. the wide distribution of the mutation in north Eurasian populations suggests that it arose in northern Eurasia. According to them, the estimated time of the C mutation is ~2400–4440 years ago.

mtDNA D

Another study of 2006,using genetic and archeological data from a Siberian grave of Pokrovsk recently discovered near the Lena River and dated from 2,400 to 2,200 years B.P., as well as modern Buryats, Khanty, Mansi, Evenk, andYakuts, provided evidence for the existence of early contact between autochthonous hunters of the Siberian taiga and nomadic horse breeders from the Altai-Baikal area (Mongolia and Buryatia). The similarity of the mitochondrial haplotype of the Pokrovsk subject with a woman of the Eg River necropolis of the second or third century ( mtDNA D haplogroup) shows that this contact would have occurred by the end of the Xiongnu period, and possibly prior to the 3rd century BC.

haplop Q-M242 American

A research study of 2006 focused on Y-DNAs of the Egyin Gol site, and besides the confirmation of the above-mentioned two N3-Tats, it also identified a Q-M242 haplogroup from the middle period and a C-M130 haplogroup from the later (2nd century AD). The Q-M242 is one of the haplogroups of the indigenous peoples of the Americas (though this is not this subclade), and minor across Eurasia. Only two groups in the Old World are high majority Q-M242 groups. These are the Selkups (however, only one study was made) and the Ket people. They live in western and middle Siberia, together with the Khanty people. The Kets originally lived in southern Siberia.

According to Uralistic literature the swift migration and disjunction of the Samoyedic peoples might be connected to a heavy warring in the region, probably due to the dissolution of the Xiongnu Empire in the period of the Battle of the Altai Mountains.

haplop C-M130 American

The mutation defining haplogroup C-M130, is restrained in North and East Asia and in America (Bergen et al. 1998. 1999.) (Lell et al. 2002.). The highest frequencies of Haplogroup C3 are found among the populations of Mongolia and the Russian Far East, where it is generally the modal haplogroup. Haplogroup C3 is the only variety of Haplogroup C-M130 to be found among Native Americans, among whom it reaches its highest frequency in Na-Dené populations.

Y-haplogroup Q1b-M378

All Y-haplogroup Q1b-M378 represent hosts of the tombs, while half of Y-DNA Q1a* represents hosts and half sacrificial victims. They date from the time of early (Western) Han (2nd-1st Century BC). In another study, 3 in this place were identified as Q-M3. Summarizing the data from available evidences, it is concluded that the tombs belongs to the representatives of the Xiongnu/Hunnu nobility/conquerors

Problem sits within modern confusion with Mongolian Hungarians who usurped the named Hun around 12 century when they occupied parts of modern Hugaria.

source;

https://books.google.si/books?id=DNAwBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA93&lpg=PA93&dq=sandor%20fest%20gesta%20hungarorum%20gestis%20britonum&source=bl&ots=5I2O66cJv5&sig=GDUNGi3pGYgrfVjGD_JyxairAcA&hl=sl&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjaoOnWmNPLAhVJSBQKHchpCHQQ6AEIGzAA#v=onepage&q=sandor%20fest%20gesta%20hungarorum%20gestis%20britonum&f=false

THE GESTA HUNGARORUM OF ANONYMUS, THE ANONYMOUS NOTARY OF KING BÉLA A TRANSLATION by Martyn Rady

here;

http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18975/1/18975.pdf

Introduction The Gesta Hungarorum of the Anonymous Notary of King Béla is the oldest extant chronicle of the history of the Hungarians. It remains ‘the most famous, the most obscure, the most exasperating and most misleading of all the early Hungarian texts.’1 Purporting to be an account of the background, circumstances and immediate aftermath of the Hungarian conquest of Pannonia in the late ninth century, it was most probably composed in the early years of the thirteenth century by a chancellery clerk who had formerly been in the service of King Béla III of Hungary (1172-1196). The extant version, which survives in a late thirteenth century copy, is apparently incomplete.2 The sole MS, consisting of 24 folios, was first noted in the library of Schloss Ambras, outside Innsbruck, in the seventeenth century, from where it was moved to Vienna in 1665, and much later, in 1928, to Budapest.3 Although details of the MS were included in two printed seventeenth-century catalogues of the imperial library, its text was not published until 1746.4 Between then and the end of the nineteenth century, the MS was re-published more than a dozen times.5 A scholarly edition, with critical annotation, was first published by Gyula Pauler and László Fejérpataky in 1900,6 and a revised edition by Emil Jakubovich and Dezső Pais in the first volume of Imre Szentpétery’s Scriptores Rerum Hungaricarum (2 vols, 2 Budapest, 1937; hereafter, SRH).7 The Latin text has been translated several times into Hungarian, most notably by Pais,8 as well as into Romanian and German.9 What follows is the first rendering of the Latin text into English. There can scarcely be any document from the Middle Ages that carries such heavy political baggage. The description which the author gives of the presence and whereabouts of peoples in Central Europe during the ninth century has been extensively used to buttress historical claims to territories in the twentieth century. Readings of the Gesta Hungarorum were thus used after 1918 to justify the cession of Transylvania to Romania as well as, after the Second World War, of Oroszvár to Czechoslovakia.10 In 1987, the Gesta acquired particular notoriety on account of a full-page advertisement in The Times, paid for by the Romanian government, affirming the validity of the chronicler’s account of a Romanian presence in the Carpathian basin more than a thousand years before.11 Fortunately, modern scholarly readings of the Gesta Hungarorum are less beset by political partisanship since, in the post-Schengen world of the EU, only dinosaurs care about who was where first. Nevertheless, former interpretations of phrases, locations, persons and word-strings, preserved in an older literature, may yet serve to confuse the unwary, while in remote academic corners the Jurassic Age is still not quite over. The author of the Gesta, known historically as the Anonymus (always thus), pretends to give a historically-grounded account of early Hungarian history that disregards the songs of minstrels and the yarns of yokels,12 but does in fact nothing of the sort. Anonymus’s account is essentially a ‘toponymic romance’ that seeks to explain place-names by reference to imagined events and persons. Although he gets the names of the earliest Hungarian rulers right, as well as some of the early tribal chieftains, he has the Hungarians beating Slavonic and Romanian leaders whose 3 names are not attested to anywhere else, as well as fighting the Cumans (who appeared in Europe only in the late eleventh century) and, more incredibly, the Romans.
His description of power-relations north of the Danube in the late ninth century is not supported by any other account.
It is at best an attempt to project contemporary conditions backwards.

from the sources of the Quintius Curtius Rufus
name of Heneti is understood as source of Veneti tribes
which will be also known as Phoenicians of Venets.

Records on 'Sveta Huna' come from Xionites

Xionites, Chionites, or Chionitae (Middle Persian: Xiyon; Avestan: Xiiaona; Sogdian: Xwn; Pahlavi: Huna), or Hunni, Yun or Xūn (獯), were an Iranian-speaking people who were prominent in Transoxania and Bactria.

Red Huns and White Huns

The name Xyon is found in Avestan and Pahlavi texts. In the Avestan tradition (Yts. 9.30-31, 19.87) the Xiiaona were characterized as enemies of Vishtaspa, the patron of Zoroaster. In the later Pahlavi tradition, the Red Huns (Karmir Xyon) and White Huns (Spet Xyon) are mentioned.The Red Huns of the Pahlavi tradition (7th century) have been identified by Harold Walter Bailey as the Kermichiones or Ermechiones. According to Bailey the Hara Huna of Indian sources are to be identified with the Karmir Xyon of the Avesta. Similarly he identifies the Sveta Huna of Indian sources with the Spet Xyon of the Avesta. Bailey argues that the name Xyon was transferred to the Huna owing to similarity of sound, as Tur was adapted to Turk in Pahlavi tradition. It is necessary therefore to differentiate between "Kermichiones/Ermechiones", "Red Huns" or "Hara Huna", identified with the Kidarite dynasty, and "Xionites" "White Huns" or "Sveta Huna", identified with the Hephthalite dynasty.

Later, the Armenian Patriarch John mentions an ancient town of Hunor's foundation (Hunoracerta) in the Utik region, suggesting a connection to the Utigur. The Armenian Agathangelus mentions also that there are "Huns" living amongst the peoples of the Caucasus.

"Sveta Huna" means 'wordly Huna' in Slavic tongue which is one more in long line of proofs to genuine Scyto - Slavic ancestry which is disguised in sea of lies as to Slavic in general
but more to a great Slavic Mother both Goddess and fierce Amazon.

"Greek" Goddesses and Scythian Amazons have Slavic names

2016-03-15T20:07:00.001-07:00

Just as any other person in the world I too was reading Greek Mythology believing and trusting to the authorities. First one I spotted as familiar was Goddess Semele which wasn't even Greek but both Etruscan and Trachian yet somehow listed as Greek.
Okay, Zemla or Earth Goddess may be adopted word, nothing unusual but my interest in deeper well of hidden Herstory lead me to unbelievable journey of discovery of my ancestors, the Glorious Scythians who are today called Slavic (slavic mean glorious) who actualy border ancient world on entire line yet somehow we had nothing to do with it, acording to official His-Storians.
One Goddess just like one bird doesn't mean spring have arrived, I told myself at first
but today when I have archives loaded with Slavic Goddesses I can rewrite what was long stolen from her, both as her grandchild and as a woman. Her names have meanings, her role is more clear, her secrets spoke to me. My wish is to share her with all her children throughout Slavic nations.

Fox Goddess LVSA - ΛΥΣΑ

Slavic for Fox is;

Lis (mal), Lisica (fem), Lija (fem)

Lishka ,лисиця (lisica), in short it is the same in all Slavic languages.

In Greek it is αλεπού - alepou

Her name is messed up cause vase on the pic is original,

these scripts passed lots of rewriting.

Laelaps (mythology)

The Death of Procris with Laelaps on her right.

Laelaps (Greek: Λαῖλαψ, gen.: Λαίλαπος) (Lelaps, Lalaps, Lailaps) was a Greek mythological dog who never failed to catch what she was hunting. In one version of Laelaps' origin, she was a gift from Zeus to Europa. The hound was passed down to King Minos. Procris's husband, Cephalus, decided to use the hound to hunt the Teumessian fox, a fox that could never be caught. This was a paradox: a dog who always caught his prey versus a fox that could never be caught. The chase went on until Zeus, perplexed by their contradictory fates, turned both to stone and cast them into the stars as the constellations Canis Major (Laelaps) and Canis Minor (the Teumessian fox).

At least one version of the Procris story asserts that Laelaps was a gift to her from the goddess Artemis.

This is what "experts" say;

Isabelle Morrison, Bit of a Greek geek

Semiramis prototype of Mother and Child worship

2016-03-07T06:42:00.002-08:00

Names of Semiramis

Semiramis - The Wife of Nimrod

is also known under various aliasses,

Allilah or Allah

Ariadne

Astarte

SHING MOO (sounds like King Ma)

the holy mother in China

was portrayed with a child in her arms

and a glory (halo - nimbus) around her.

Starting from Semiramis on prehistoric worship of Mother alone with all her powers conflated with Universal powers and Earthly and those of all Stars on the sky was started to be seen in sense of usefullness which is true in it's essence but this was a period that will shape destiny of a woman for the future generations more and more as something to be used and abused.

Napoleon said many millenia later that

"women are nothing but machines for producing children"

or;

"Nature intended women to be our slaves. They are our property"

He too is "famous" conqueror.

to me he is just a CUNT ERROR

This is where it all started and it spread trough entire ancient world.

A legendary Assyrian queen, often identified with Sammu-Ramat, the wife of Shamshi-Adad V, she was believed to be the daughter of the goddess Atargatis. Her youth was filled with mythic adventure, and her otherworldly beauty and voluptuous sexuality ensured her two advantageous marriages. When she took the reins of power of Empress of Assyria, she expanded her kingdom by conquering much of Mesopotamia and Asia. She beautified and revitalized Babylon, and implemented improvements in Nineveh that helped to moderate the flow of the Tigris. She was renowned for her military and political prowess, as well as her ferocious and merciless sexual appetite.

Semiramis and Tammuz

were worshipped as

"Madonna and child."

Nimrod and his mother Semiramis

became the chief entities of worship

as a Madonna and child.

And as the generations passed,

they were worshipped under other

names in different countries and

languages. Many of these are

recognizable - such as -

Fortuna and Jupiter in Rome;

Aphrodite and Adonis in Macedonia

and Ashtoreth/Astarte and

Molech/Baal in Canaan.

Semiramis

Semiramis (Macedonian: Σεμίραμις, Armenian: Շամիրամ Shamiram) was the legendary queen of King Ninus, succeeding him to the throne of Assyria.

The legends narrated by Diodorus Siculus, Justin and others from Ctesias of Cnidus describe her and her relationship to King Ninus, himself a mythical king of Assyria, not attested in the Assyrian King List.

The name of Semiramis came to be applied to various monuments in Western Asia and Asia Minor, the origin of which was forgotten or unknown. Nearly every stupendous work of antiquity by the Euphrates or in Iran seems to have ultimately been ascribed to her, even the Behistun Inscription of Darius. Herodotus ascribes to her the artificial banks that confined the Euphrates and knows her name as borne by a gate of Babylon. However, Diodorus stresses that the Hanging Gardens of Babylon were built long after Semiramis had reigned and not in her time.

Various places in Assyria and throughout Mesopotamia as a whole, Media, Persia, the Levant, Asia Minor, Arabia and the Caucasus bore the name of Semiramis, but slightly changed, even in the Middle Ages, and an old name of the city of Van was Shamiramagerd (in Armenian it means created by Semiramis).

A real and historical Shammuramat (the Akkadian and Aramaic form of the name) was the Assyrian queen of Shamshi-Adad V (ruled 824 BC–811 BC), king of Assyria and ruler of the Neo Assyrian Empire, and its regent for four years until her son Adad-nirari III came of age.

The indigenous Assyrians of Iraq, northeast Syria, southeast Turkey and northwest

Iran

still use the Semiramis as a name for female children.

Other sources:

According to the legend as related by Diodorus, Semiramis was of noble parents, the daughter of the fish-goddess Derketo of Ascalon in Syria and a mortal. Derketo abandoned her at birth and drowned herself. Doves fed the child until Simmas, the royal shepherd, found and raised her.

She then married Onnes or Menones, one of Ninus' generals. Ninus was so struck by her bravery at the capture of Bactra that he married her, forcing Onnes to commit suicide.

She and Ninus had a son named Ninyas. After King Ninus conquered Asia, including the Bactrians, he was fatally wounded by an arrow. Semiramis then masqueraded as her son and tricked her late husband's army into following her instructions because they thought these came from their new ruler. After Ninus's death she reigned as queen regnant for 42 years, conquering much of Asia.

She restored ancient Babylon and protected it with a high brick wall that completely surrounded the city. Then she built several palaces in Persia, including Ecbatana. Diodorus also attributes the Behistun inscription to her, now known to have been done under Darius I of Persia. She not only reigned Asia effectively but also added Libya and Aethiopia to the empire. She then went to war with king Stabrobates of India, having her artisans create an army of false elephants to deceive the Indians into thinking she had acquired real elephants. This succeeded at first, but then she was wounded in the counterattack and her army again retreated west of the Indus.

While the achievements of Semiramis are clearly in the realm of mythical Greek historiography, the historical Assyrian queen Shammuramat (Semiramis), wife of Shamshi-Adad V of Assyria, certainly existed. After her husband's death, she served as regent from 810 - 806 BC for her son, Adad-nirari III.

Shammuramat would have thus been briefly in control of the vast Neo Assyrian Empire, which 150 years later stretched from the Caucasus Mountains in the north to the Arabian Peninsula in the south, and western Iran in the east to

Cyprus

in the west.

Approximate area controlled by Assyria in 824 BC (darker green)

In Shammuramat's time, however, Assyria only ruled over parts of neighboring areas in Mesopotamia, Syria, Asia Minor and Iran.

Georges Roux speculated that the later Greek and Indo-Iranian (Persian and Median) flavoured myths surrounding Semiramis stem from successful campaigns she waged against these peoples, and the novelty of a woman ruling such an empire. Some authors allow for the possibility of more than one figure named Semiramis.

In later traditions

In The Divine Comedy, Dante sees Semiramis among the souls of the lustful in the Second Circle of Hell:

And as the cranes go chanting forth their lays,

Making in air a long line of themselves,

So saw I coming, uttering lamentations,

Shadows borne onward by the aforesaid stress.

Whereupon said I: "Master, who are those People, whom the black air so castigates?"

"The first of those, of whom intelligence Thou fain wouldst have", then said he unto me,

"The empress was of many languages. To sensual vices she was so abandoned,

That lustful she made licit in her law,

To remove the blame to which she had been led.

She is Semiramis. . .

She succeeded Ninus, and was his spouse;

She held the land which now the Sultan rules. She married her son after Ninus' death and lived with him.

The Assyrian people indigenous to Iraq, northeast Syria, southeast Turkey and northwest

Iran

still retain Semiramis or Shammuramat as a given name for female children to this day.

SLAVIC Etymology , Goddesses and Gods

2016-03-06T11:50:00.000-08:00

author; Sanda Vukelic

meanings of Slaven or Sloven translated in english are;
Slaven means Glorious, Celebrated
Celebrity in Slavic would be "slavna osoba"

Slava is a home deity which we know are original Illyrian customs,
pagan custom is kept today by Macedonians and Serbs
Slava that lasts 3 days.

Sloven means 'literate', those that can read and write
and is bicomposit of SLOVO - letter
and VEN - Vendi, Vandal, Venti, Anti
on Anti;
In ancient scripts there is notable absence of letter V which was then considered as special form of vowel ,same as Aleph (A) and Ayin (O) and few others that were not pronaunced and nobody knows what their sound was.
It should be writen as 'Anti or 'Enti or 'Eneti.

Older version of the name is Sklaven
which is bicomposit of Scytho-Veneti

Most important Goddess of Slavs is Rhea Silvia or Illa.
Illa Rhea Silvia is Illyria Slavia

Legend goes that she fled Troja during Trojan war and swimmed to the other side of the Adriatic and formed a city which she named and that name was later forbidden by Damnatio memoriae.

City in question is todays Rome who also claim she was mother of Romulus and Remus, two boys, which is not true, she give birth to twin girls because oldest coins clearly show girls.

I wrote about them earlier, article;

http://fishcalledsanda.blogspot.be/2014/03/she-wolf.html

Those same girls have other version in the Kabiri cult of Anatolia.

Troja was situated in land called Lydia which means land of Ljudi- meaning people in South Slavic tongue, dialectal diffences have other two versions, Dalmatian version is Judi, while some Slavic tongues have the same Ludi or Ludzie (polish), Lidé (Chech) etc.

Ila in Dalmatian tongue is undesputable word for Earth or Land of red clay quality.
Ila as soil is used in other s. slavic languages as Ilovaca only for red clay which is considered unfertile or 'Jalova'.

Rhea Silvia or Ila

Found in Ilidža near Sarajevo
At this stela script says;
SILVIA VOTNI - Silvia Vodeni
meaning is Silvia Leads and Waters in sense of a river stream.
Vodin was name of pagan Slavic god.
Vodja is a leader.
Vojvoda is battle (voj) leader (voda)

Name Slaveni / Sloveni is anagram of Silvan , Rhea Silvia, Sylvia as forest and Salvia as saviour.

Illa Rhea Silvia or Salvia - as saviour?
Silva as Svilaja part of Dinaric Alps?

Ila in Slavic means red clay earth or soil.
It is in usage in form of Ilica or Ulica - a street.
Ilovacha is more common term

Rhea in slavic means a word - Rich / Rech
and river Rika /Reka.

Quote from official sources;
Latinized form of Greek 'Ρεια (Rheia), meaning is unknown,
perhaps related to 'ρεω (rheo) "to flow" or ερα (era) "ground"

In slavic tongue river and word have same rooth RiKa/ReKa regardless of ikavic or ekavic dialect.
This pattern will repeat on all counts when these two simingly separate
words will come to observation.
Other astonishing aspect of Slavic is that
water - Voda
word - Veda
leads - Vodi
heal - Vida
to see - Vid

derivatives of Water-Voda are;

History - Povist / Povest
Story - Povida / Poveda
to talk - Pripovida / Prepoveda
Church service - Propovist / Prepovest
Confession in church - Ispovist / Ispovest
divorce - Razvod but also razvod of wires in electicity or chanalisation of waters
suwage - odvod

other Water god is Wodanaz
also called Wotan, Bodin in runes or Odin or in old Norse Óðinn
Letter ð is Slavic đ, this letter is used when yotting process was introduced in grammar.
It is deminutive by nature as if you were 'sweet talking' to a small child.
Leader or Vođa is version Vodja or Vodya, in past tense one will be Vođen - lead.
Wōden, Wōdan, Wuotan or Wōtan, all stemming from the reconstructed
'Proto-Germanic' theonym *wōđanaz.
There is absolutely no root of this word in germanic tongue, germanic word for water is wasser.
Word wasser does stems from Slavic VODA because D=T but also in some instances T=S.
In ancient Slavic letter-symbol V that represents vulva
use to be regarded as most high so it was not always marked in scriptures.
Same pattern goes for all vowels and few more letter-symbols that are regarded today as consonants but really are not so. Grammar have never been that simple.

very old Wodanaz with "shen ring" and horns
his relatively young age shows that he took her qualities.
Oldest shen ring is in hands of Inanna, two of them and horns...
well, Lunar symbolism is that of a woman.

Forbidden name of Rome is Iliya

Aelia Capitolina (/ˈiːliə ˌkæpᵻtəˈlaɪnə/; Latin in full: COLONIA ÆLIA CAPITOLINA) was a Roman colony, built under the emperor Hadrian on the site of Jerusalem, which was in ruins since the siege of 70 AD, leading in part to the Bar Kokhba revolt of 132–136 AD. Aelia Capitolina remained the official name of Jerusalem until 638 AD when the Arabs conquered the city and kept the first part of it as 'إلياء' (Iliyā').

Following the Bar Kokhba revolt, Emperor Hadrian combined Iudaea Province with neighboring provinces under the new name of Syria Palaestina, dispensing with the name of Judea.

Till the time of Constantine, and for at least two centuries later, Aelia remained the official name and usual geographical designation ; was still longer continued in Christian writings; and even passed over into Arabic as "Iliyā"

Rhea Silvia as Vestal Virgin
Vesta in Slavic Dalmatian tongue means a dress.
Dalmatian tongue is proclaimed dead language which is not true, all Islanders still speak common Dalmatian and some remember even older version called Gan Vejan.
People from Dubrovnik for sure call dress Vesta as they always did.
Derivatives of Vesta are Vestit - a male "sunday suit" worn for special occasions,
it meant folk wear in the times this word was widely used.
Fustanela worn by ancient Macedonians was pleated white linnen skirt.
FuSTa = VeSTa
V is interchangable with F.
Fusta-NELA extension means small or mala
but it is also a female name Nela.
Fustanela is simply small dress.
in old Dalmatian amount of high nazal N is more frequent then lower nazal M.

I suppose that Vesta is nothing else but tunic
known as Dalmatica worn by Popes from both Romes and Jewish Rabi.

Term nevista or nevesta is used for a bride.
Reason she is ne-vista or ne-vesta is cause she is no more a virgin.

Višta or vešta means also a skillfull one that have a 'know how'.
Word Vištica or Veštica means a witch.
Sudski vještak / veštak is a legal person that assists lawfull handling of properties.
Croatian spelling added letter J instead of I and Y which is evident in old works.
so that in old grammar Sudski vještak would be Sudski vieštak.

Andrija Kacic Miosic „Razgovor ugodni naroda slovinskoga“
sample of 18th century Croatian , no J.

I think this "skirt" on Diocletians statue is "fustanela"

Diocletian Tetrarchs.
This form of fustanela may be made from different materials so it was probably inspiration for "Roman skirts" or skirt of leather or fabric strips or metal are also idea that stems from pleated dress.

Roman metalic fustanela

Leather and metal fustanela

I choose Xena, she is prettier and besides she really is ЖЕНА or ЖЕNA

in Slavic tongue it means a woman.

One more sample of fustanela is Kilt

(i just couldn't resist this funny picture)

I think I know where word "skirt" stems from.

first;

Scirtari

Scirtari were an Illyrian tribe.

Scirtari were part of the Pirustae.

The Scirtari had 72 decuriae.

second;

Dardani as in Tartan

The Dardani (/ˈdɑːrdənaɪ/; Ancient Greek: Δαρδάνιοι, Δάρδανοι; Latin: Dardani), or Dardanians (Δαρδανίωνες) were a tribe which occupied the region that took its name from them of Dardania, at the Thraco-Illyrian contact zone; their identification as either an Illyrian or Thracian tribe is uncertain. (this is always used as excuse to surpass Slavic language)

I think that term 'Kilt' stems from Khaldean language and religion going far back to H'armenia and Herm (Anatolia) which would implay that weaving patterns are form of language. (just an idea)

Scytian

To this point of the story i wandered of, in Slavic

i would say SKITAla which is exact meaning of Scytian,

to wander, to be free, to have no limits nor borders.

Scytians are known for their 'traveling with Wolves'.
Wolf is a night creature and closely related to the Luna.
As all other females on earth she-Wolf and Luna are unseparable.

Stream of Worling Words Lead me far and astray along the River stream of big Waters.

Word is only a drop in the Sea, still being just drops in waves.

same sentence in S. Slavic tongue.

Struje i Virovi Riči/Reči su me Vodile da odSkitam daleko niz Rični/Rečni tok velikih Voda.

Veda/Rič/Reč je kap u Moru, samo kap Valova/Talasa.

Goddess Thalassa means a wave in Slavic.

Valovi is word used for medium size of waves.

Old Dalmatian expression is 'Vilovito sinje more'

Talas is single huge wave.

Rich Slovak, Sloven dolazi od rici za Chlowek ili Ilovik, ono sta je danas Choviek.

Word Slovak, Sloven comes from word for man, we know it today as Chovik/Chovek.

between 12. to 15. century so called 'Serbo-Croatian' language

(properly they are both Illyrian languages as are many other branching Slavic languages)

men was called ILOVIK.

In Lausitz Serb language vend, slovak, šlovak, človak are sinonims.

more on Lausitz Serb here -
https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%BEi%C4%8Dki_Srbi

Fent was old Slovenian word for young boy.

Word S-LA-Ven or S-LO-Ven is more then 3-composit word.

S stands for the god Veles who was a snake

Vel is a VAWE in the first part of the name,

eS is singular male noun extension

VeL also means a Veil

VaL is a wave

reversal LaV/LeV means a lion, Illion alternative name for Illyria

Illiad as name of Homer's epic contains Illa and Iada or Iata (oldest name of town Zadar.)

or better yet god known as epithet of God ZEUS

Welchan(os) is both Veles and Velikan (giant)

and Zeus was a snake god, off course,

he stole it from the wavy-snaky Goddess above.

Zeus Velchan(os)

SK scytian and sclavic,
ILA is earth so then Ilovik is really an earthling or "zemljak"
VEN is from Venet, Vendi, Anti and PhoenicianPhoenician is bicomposit from Veni + Cyan
Cyan is slavic Sinje or blue-Plavo

ChLowek is cognate to word Čelnik, described bellow in organisation of SELO or Village.

Seleni or seljeni - emigrants, imigrants

selo - village

seli - emigrates, oni GReju, mi GRemo - they walk or to go is again a Slavic root.
mi se KRecemo is a version of older GRe.

Čelnik is bicomposit of ChLowek + NIK

Nik extension in Slavic have intent of Winged Goddess Nike inegrated

in occupational nouns such as Radnik, Ratnik, Pobjednik etc

and Feminine nouns stemming from Nike are Radnica, Ratnica, Pobjednica etc

Goddess Nike have function in Slavic tongue as winning aspect.

off course, modern Greek have it's own NIK's but all these words are Slavic because roots in Slavic branch immensely while modern Greek language have no natural sequence, words are just names for things or deeds, meaning is lost.

ΝΙΚ looks like νιϰ - VIK in 'latin' alphabet

this is why Nike is Victory , merely a spelling problem.

Vik in slavic means LOUD. Loud word.

alternative; VuK or Vulk means a wolf.

Nike, Viktoria, Gloria, Paraskeva

Winged wolf in Orthodox Christian Church is called Paraskeva, she is friday or fifth day of the week.

ParaSkeva is bicomposit from Para-pero-perje-feather and

(s)Keva is female dog but most likely she Wolf because in Serbian naratives she is remembered as Mother Wolf.

All words with K in Slavic tongue have been depleted

with separation of SK and further branching in S or K words.

bitch in slavic branche

in wit russian, ukrainina, polish сука - Suka is bitch

in chech and slovak - Fena is bitch

in macedonian - Kučka is bitch

funniest is latin for bitch, it is Gloria - which is one of the meanings of the word Slavic

meanwhile in Russia...

depiction of Paraskeva

Skiti Bogoroditsa

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bogoroditsa is a Skete (smaller, dependent monastic houses) of the Agiou Panteleimonos monastery (Monastery of St. Panteleimon) in the monastic state of Mount Athos, Greece.

The Skete is situated in a forested area, between the monasteries of Vatopedi and Pantokrator. It is inhabited by Bulgarian monks and it follows the coenobitic way of monastic life. The complex became a Skete in 1818 and today has a main churches and secondary chapel.

Bogoroditsa lies on the site of the pre-existing monastery of Xylourgos. Xylourgos (meaning Carpenter) had been a fully, independent Russian community known from as early as 1020. The majority of the community moved in 1169 to the Monastery of St. Panteleimon, but Xylourgos continued to thrive through the 11th and 12th century.

Now pay attention!

The Kyriakon is dedicated to the Assumption of the Mother of God.

Kyriakon is KURJAK ON

means DOG HE literarly!

DOG is a GOD.

And once again he assumes her place.

Do I have to mention that women can't visit Athos?

There is notable conflation of daughter-woman-bitch expressions

in both ancient and modern Slavic languages.

Other example is Korai;

in Macedonia - as CER(es) or Korai,

Kera - also slavic for female dog in modern Macedonian,

ќерка-kerka in todays Macedonian

or kći, ćerka, kćerka in S. Slavic languages

with baby at her breast,

or as IRENE, one of the Horae or Korai

the goddess of peace, with the boy

PLUT(US) - PLOD in slavic tongue - in her arms. (T=D)

Word PLOD is used for child still in uterus in slavic

and PLODNA VODA for fertile water surrounding baby.

PLOD is also general word for fruit and vegetables and as epitet for fertile Earth.