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Sri Lanka's Flexible Inflation Targeting: Accountability in Action or Paper Promise?

2025-12-12T10:05:00.000-08:00

As part of a recent coursework exercise analyzing inflation-targeting countries, I turned the lens on Sri Lanka's own monetary policy evolution. What started as a simple exercise revealed deeper questions about how well our Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) sticks to its targets and who holds them accountable when it doesn't.

Sri Lanka rolled out an enhanced monetary policy framework in 2015, blending monetary targeting with flexible inflation targeting. This shifted decisively in 2023 when flexible inflation targeting (FIT) became the law via the Central Bank of Sri Lanka Act No. 16. The target? Keep headline inflation at 5%, with a flexible ±2% band, meaning it shouldn't dip below 3% or rise above 7%. From October 2023 onward, CBSL committed to this under the Monetary Policy Framework Agreement.

Accountability kicks in through a clear legal mechanism. If the Colombo Consumer Price Index (CCPI) headline inflation, calculated as the three-month average for the quarter—breaches the band for two straight quarters, CBSL's Monetary Policy Board must submit a detailed report to Parliament via the Minister of Finance. These reports outline the reasons for the deviation, planned remedial actions, and timelines to realign inflation.

Breaches in the Spotlight

Check the graph below—the yellow shaded zones highlight repeated breaches after the implementation of FIT in late 2023

Since FIT became law, CBSL has filed multiple such reports for persistent failures, covering:

- 2024 Q2

- 2024 Q3

- 2024 Q4

- 2025 Q1

- 2025 Q2

- 2025 Q3

These are publicly available in Accountability to the Parliament | Central Bank of Sri Lanka

CBSL's defenses often highlight supply-side shocks like global commodity spikes or domestic disruptions that monetary policy can't fully tame. Fair point, but it leaves the ball in the Minister's court (and Parliament's, via committees like COPF) to scrutinize and push for fixes. The catch? Effective oversight demands solid economics know-how, which isn't always a given among decision-makers.

It is then the responsibility of the Minister of Finance and Parliament to review these reports, question CBSL where necessary (for example through committees like COPF), and decide what policy or legislative responses are appropriate—even though, in practice, this can be challenging if key decision‑makers have limited knowledge of economics and finance.

Sri Lanka Prepares for High-Stakes Presidential Election on September 21 - What's your Political Ideology

2024-08-03T15:02:00.000-07:00

Sri Lankans are gearing up to elect a new president on September 21, with the race expected to be fiercely contested and potentially decided by narrow margins. The central theme of the election is the promise of a "system change," a phrase echoed by candidates and parties alike. However, it's essential to consider the political philosophies underpinning each party and candidate.

Here’s an overview of the main parties and their ideologies, (according to my opinion, of course)

1. National People’s Power (NPP):

Populism/ Marxism-Leninism: Majority of their policies are shaped by the left-wing politics pursued by the JVP who sought to establish a socialist state with a focus on workers' rights and social justice. Recently, they are more into populism which has below key characteristics,

Anti-Elitism - aiming to represent the interests of the general population, often setting "the people" against "the elite."

Charismatic Leadership - Populist movements often revolve around charismatic leaders who claim to embody the people's will. NPP's Anura Dissanayake plays this role.

Economic policy- Import substitution, nationalization and wealth redistribution.

While populism can increase political participation and address ignored issues, it can also challenge democratic institutions by undermining checks and balances, potentially leading to authoritarianism (Deja vu?)

2. Samagi Jana Balawegaya (SJB)

Social Democracy / Good Governance/ Welfarism: They consists with people with multitude of ideologies. Some of them were advocates for economic equality through social welfare programs. They stood for the good governance during the previous campaigns and Emphasizes transparency, anti-corruption measures, and rule of law.

However, under the leadership of Sajith Premadasa, there is a noticeable tilt towards "hand-out" politics. Premadasa consistently highlights the Social Welfare Scheme (Samurdhi), introduced by his father, (quite the nepotism here, eh?) and promises 50,000 jobs for graduates.

3. Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna (SLPP):

Nationalism/ Protectionism: Once a formidable party, it is now fragmented into several factions. Among these, the nationalist faction, Sarvajana Balaya, idealizes nationalist and hardline conservative politics. Historically, the SLPP has focused on preserving and promoting national identity and traditional values, while driving economic development through large-scale infrastructure projects. They remain staunch advocates of national security (But they couldn't even secure the presidency for a full term).

4. United National Party (UNP):

Liberalism/ Democracy: Supports free-market policies and individual freedoms. Upholds democratic principles, including free and fair elections (At least, that's what they say in their policy).

Final thoughts,

As a voter heading to the polls, understanding the distinct ideologies of each party can clarify the potential impact of your vote. Ask yourself, "Why should I vote for this party?" If the answer revolves around "system change," consider what tangible changes might result from shifting power, as some parties' ideologies may differ only in name.

Import Related Policies : What does Econmoic Theory Says?

2021-09-20T01:11:00.000-07:00

Currently Sri Lankans are having a number of import restrictions, foreign currency restrictions due to the lack of foreign currency earnings during the pandemic hit years. Government has decided to stop importing non-essential items and also placed several measures to avoid speculation based foreign currency hoarding. Even though this external sector pressure is a result of long term economic mismanagement and inefficiencies rooted in their cultural values (Yes. Sri Lankans have the 2nd highest public holidays per year according to the world atlas), this article will not discuss the underlying facts but focuses on the economic theory.

IS-LM is the most famous or widely accepted macroeconomic concept on short run economic theory. Here I use the specific IS-LM approach called Mundel-Fleming model to show what will be the outcome of certain policies on,

National Income
Exchange Rate
Trade Balance

Adopted From: Macroeconomics 10th Ed. (Mankiw, 2019)

You can see that according to this, an import restriction will cause,

No change in National Income
An Increase in the Exchange Rates
No Change in Trade Balance

So what causes this? Initially, reduced imports will increase the trade balance and this will create an upward pressure on national income. Next, this increase of income will trigger an increase in money demand which will cause a rise in interest rates. (Since interest rates are equal to world interest rates in MF model) Foreign capital responds by flowing into the domestic economy, pushing the interest rate back to the world interest rate. This will increase the value of the domestic currency. This appreciation makes domestic goods more expensive relative to foreign goods which will decrease trade balance and returning income to its initial level.

Therefore, we can say that restrictive trade policies only make exchange rates higher and will not do any good to trade balance. But this is only applicable if Central Bank keeps exchange rates at floating. If they have a fixed exchange rate regime, this will be different as you can see in the table but unfortunately, Sri Lanka has a floating exchange rate regime (at least that's what they call it)

Interested in Chinese Influence on Sri Lanka? Read Chinese Debt Trap

Writing a Good CV - A Format for Undergraduates and Fresh Graduates

2021-01-23T06:49:00.003-08:00

I know that everyone is looking for a quick document to edit when preparing their CV and most of them are visiting knowlk to find a good CV format. So I thought of uploading a new CV format which can be used by both undergraduates and graduates. Chill! before you download and all read these quick tips to sharpen the document to your needs. It'll be short and quick.

If you haven't read my article Good CV Templates for University Students already. You should read it.

There is no Universal CV Format

First you need to change the content to suit your need. The CV template provided is specifically prepared for a IT graduate. Since everyone who download this aren't looking for a job in field of ICT, you may have to remove or add some contents. For and example, the Portfolio section can be removed.

Know what you're applying for

If you're looking for an internship, the Work History section may be removed. Remember that you're looking for an internship. Not a job. On the other hand, If you're looking for a job you may need to emphasize on the work experience. So move it higher in order.

Don't Be too personal

I've seen some candidates include their NIC, Birthday etc in the CV. These details are absolutely unnecessary. If the employer needs your NIC, they'll explicitly ask for it. And keep in mind that half-page full names are utter garbage. Just put your name with initials.

Finally, a CV printed in gold paper can't get you a job if you're not the right person. Good luck with your job hunting.

The Chinese Debt Trap, Global Debt and Sri Lanka

2020-11-17T00:21:00.001-08:00

IBRD (You may know this as World Bank) has planned to fund $ 11 billion as Covid-19 reliefs to the poorest countries and they've only managed to raise a third of the required amount. Yes! World Bank is facing difficult times in finding donors. Developed countries are printing money while third world countries are relying on borrowed money.

Rising Global Debts

The debt in the US has continued to rise, exceeding the ordinary levels of the economy as measures are enacted to cushion the impact of COVID-19. The US is not the only government to do this. Governments around the world have been borrowing heavily during the pandemic. UK has registered record debt levels and public debt to GDP ratio is expected reach 140% in developed countries. Refer the figure below to get an understanding about the heavy borrowings of developed countries such as Canada.

Debt to GDP postions (Source: weforum.com)

Not only the debt level but also the debt servicing is facing unprecedented difficulties. Low-income nations were due to pay at least $40 billion to banks and bondholders this year. There was a perception that the Debt to GDP ratio should be 60% in any country to ensure debt sustainability. Pandemic has made these numbers impractical and invalidate.

Chinese Lenders

You may have seen social media posts on "Learning Chinese" and "Familiarizing the language" that recently went viral. The Charted Financial Analysts on social media have shown how China is influencing economies to kneel before their emperor. Well, that's not completely true.

Since the global debt is on the rise, poor countries are facing difficulties to service their debts. Not because they borrowed than they can endure, but the income generation and economic activities are at a standstill due to the pandemic. Low-income nations were due to pay at least $40 billion and plans to pause some of those interest payments and some of them are considering cancel any of the principal payments as well. These could result in sovereign defaults. But who cares? it's now or never situation for the countries.

To overcome these difficult situations, the World Bank has suggested The Debt Service Suspension Initiative. This allows countries to pause debt repayments to creditors willing to participate. If all eligible countries take up the deal, it will free up about $11 billion for social spending by governments. Well, to implement the DSSI, lenders (Countries, institutions and commercial lenders) should agree to do so.

Here's an interesting thing.

Members of Paris Club (Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Club)

Paris Club is a group of countries that coordinate their development lending and they have agreed over 30 DSSI packages so far. China is not a member of this club but Chinese banks and institutions hold very significant chunk of emerging market debt which is estimated as 25% of the said $40 billion. Well, the emperor doesn't want these countries to kneel before him, instead he said, "Sure, we'll agree to the DSSI"

Are we in trouble?

According to the IMF, there are countries with serious debt and they've published a list of countries in debt distress (you can find it here). As of September 30, 202o, there were about 70 countries categorized as below

8 countries are in debt distress
27 countries are at high risk
23 countries are at moderate risk
11 countries are at low risk

Contrary to the claims made by politicians (and of course monks, AL tutors) Sri Lanka is not in this list. Currently we don't have an unsustainable level of debt (Not according to the economists) However, there's some features and stats which should be discussed , which will be discussed in a future article.

Marijuana is Legal in Sri Lanka?

2020-05-15T23:39:00.000-07:00

There's a growing debate on legalizing cannabis (Marijuana) in Sri Lanka and we're experiencing addition of new facts backing up the legalizing of cannabis. Is it actually illegal? well the answer may vary according to the purpose but if we dig into the arguments that are in favor of legalizing weed, I say, we're all making false arguments.

There are two approaches when it comes to legalizing cannabis.

For medicinal purposes
For recreational purposes

In Sri Lanka, all the arguments for legalizing cannabis are heavily aimed for the first approach. Most of the youngsters in social media are storming pro-marijuana slogans by pointing the medicinal importance of the cannabis. In reality, using of cannabis for medicinal and scientific purposes are allowed in Sri Lanka. Ayurvedic doctors and practitioners can obtain a license to grow cannabis. In fact there's a plan to start a 100-acre (400-hectare) farm that could produce more than 25 tonnes of marijuana a year. So what's the point of legalizing a plant which has been already allowed to grow.

Then come counter arguments. "We can grow Marijuana in large scale to export" , the most common and famous argument which I find untrue. Can we develop cannabis as an export crop? Consider the requirements for a such thing.

Market availability:

To export legally grown marijuana, first we need a legal market. USA and Canada are the two largest marijuana markets in the world. Can we export to USA or Canada? No we can't. They are not importing, instead they grow their own cannabis. Even if they did, countries like Columbia and Mexico will seize the opportunity.

Technical know-how:

Just because we can grow cannabis in south eastern corner of our small island, it doesn't imply that they are good to export. In fact, medicinal marijuana is grown in highly controlled environments. See for yourself, the below image shows a greenhouse of Canopy Growth Corporation (World's largest legal cannabis company)

Other facts :

There are various socio-economic facts to be considered when legalizing marijuana. For an example, world's major coca leaf producers like Peru and Columbia or the leader in opium poppy, Afghanistan are not considered as developed nations. There are socio-economic consequences like poverty, crimes are associated with all the illicit plants.

Bottom line :

Sri Lanka is not ready to take up the challenge of legalizing marijuana. There's no actual export market for marijuana except for the products such as cannabis oil that are produced using cannabis. We are already legally growing marijuana for the medicinal use. Legalizing marijuana for the recreational use is a different concern which should be handled carefully. Next article will discuss the pros (if any) and cons of using recreational marijuana.

Law Entrance - General Knowledge (Answers)

2019-05-29T10:51:00.001-07:00

As you've already know, KNOWLK provides up to date content which are rigorously fact checked with correspondence sources. We specifically publish educational materials on business and economics. Other than that, time to time, KLK team (who are busy professionals in various knowledge organizations such as universities and banks) try to provide some helping hand to applicants who are eagerly looking to find study materials for their competitive exams. This is the first of the upcoming general knowledge practice questions related to law entrance examination 2019.

First try to answer the questions without looking at the answers, You can use this link to download a copy of the general knowledge paper which is also publicly available at department of examinations website. After that, refer the paper with answers below.

Try our related articles below with more general knowledge questions

01 General Knowledge - Politics and Economics

Energy Trilemma Index : Sri Lanka

2019-03-20T09:07:00.001-07:00

The World Energy Council’s Energy Trilemma Index tool, produced in partnership with Oliver Wyman, ranks countries on their ability to provide sustainable energy through 3 dimensions: Energy security, Energy equity (accessibility and affordability), Environmental sustainability. The ranking measures overall performance in achieving a sustainable mix of policies and the balance score highlights how well a country manages the trade-offs of the Trilemma with "A" being the best. Use this interactive Index to assess the sustainability of national energy policies.

Where does Sri Lanka stands?

Sri Lanka is ranked 89th in the Index in year 2018. In 2016, the same index ranked Sri Lanka in 81st position. Although we have performed well in the environmental sustainability pillar (mostly due to the increased usage of renewable energy sources such as solar power and wind power), we have significant losses in energy security and energy equity.

Way forward

Avoiding the expected energy shortage will be an urgent and important challenge for the country. According to the Long Term Generation Expansion Plan 2018-2037, prepared by the Ceylon Electricity Board, adequate plant additions of proper mix is envisioned to mitigate medium term and long term capacity and energy requirements of the country even during drought conditions.

In July 2016, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a loan of US$115m and US$3.8m in grants to improve the reliability and quality of electricity supply. This includes electrification of remote islands with renewable hybrid energy systems. The country currently has an electrification rate of around 99.3%, the only South Asian nation to have near 100% grid connectivity. In 2017, ADB approved a loan of US$200m to develop country's first 100 MW wind park and a US$ 50m loan to help fund rooftop solar power generation systems in Sri Lanka, to increase the share of renewable energy sources in the country's energy mix.

You can download the full report from here

Source : https://trilemma.worldenergy.org/

Three things that I have Learned from Working for a Multinational Company

2019-01-20T06:31:00.001-08:00

When I started to write this, I was hoping to name this article "5 Things that I have learnt" well, it seems, I haven't learned much. So here I am with three things.

It is Okay to be late.

If you're working in Sri Lanka, you know that, it is a serious offense to be late to work. But my experience with working in a multinational company which employed a diverse workforce all around the world is somewhat different. They don't care if you're late for punching your card at the morning. What they actually care is you sending correct order details at the required time to a customer. Be late for work, but don't be late for your tasks.

Say Thank You!

The single most valuable lesson that I've learned is to be humble. One day I saw my manager (who is a citizen of UK) saying a Thank you to the lady at the security desk. That was one of a kind. A thank you with a great smile. Suddenly, I'm in my mindpalace, stacking incidents that I said a Thank You with a frown face. Don't say Thank You for the sake of saying it. Just do it from the bottom of your heart.

You are NOT the BEST!

No matter what company you work for, this thought will keep you happy at workplace. Do not compare others with you and more importantly, don't criticize people for their incompetency. Always remember that if you can give judgments on people, so can they. I have seen some fellow workers say "I do more work than him" . At the very moment you let that thought into your mind, you'll start to think that you don't get appreciated. Simply, keep in mind that everyone work to their potential and you can be always replaced.

Read : How to Create a CV

Why Elephants? But Not Cattle?

2018-08-29T10:05:00.002-07:00

Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. In fact, many of them are extinct (If you can remember the Woolly mammoth that we used to play with). The last northern white rhino on earth, Sudan died in March 2018. Their lives may be in threat because of meat, ivory, fin, horn or anything. The animals with some kind of a commercial value face the threat of extinction.

But, why do all animals with commercial value do not face this threat?

How does the cow survives ? or the Chicken? cattle (or cows) has a great demand for its meat and it give you milk. So there is a commercial value for it. So is the Elephant. The ivory is a widely sought after thing and it has a great commercial value and yet Elephant face a threat of extinction. According to the Red List , Asian Elephant is an Endangered animal. We have the simple answer to this in Economics. Yes, in Economics, there's the explanation behind this ambiguous relationship among animals and its commercial value.

Destroying the ivory captured in Africa - African Elephant is in the Vulnerable category

First, some basic economics

In economics, goods can be simply classified as private goods and public goods. This definition can be extended to categorize goods into four distinct categories. Look at the below figure.

Source: Principles of Microeconomics, Mankiw

To which category does the Elephant belongs? Since it does not have a private ownership, it cannot be excluded (The case of legal sanctions is discussed later). On the other hand, finite number of Elephants make it rival to consume, that is ones consumption may limit the consumption of another one as in the case of Fish in the ocean.

Elephant is a Common Resource (in most cases)

Cattle (cow) has a private ownership (But in Sri Lanka, they roam in public roads like public goods) and it is a rival good. Therefore,

Cattle is Private Good

So, the case is complete now. Unless, government intervene to exclude the Elephant from consumption.

What will happen if government make it illegal to kill Elephants ?

We have to turn to basic economics to clarify this as well. The supply and demand forces together determine an equilibrium price and a quantity for any good in a market. When it is illegal to kill Elephants, the supply will decrease. Now we have a higher demand for a lesser amount of goods, which finally create a Black market price. This higher price will give an incentive to kill more and more Elephants (see, government is an utter failure)

Experience from other countries

Some countries have made arrangements to private ownership of Elephants and right to kill Elephants if it is owned by a private owner. Results? it was a success ! Elephant population has grown significantly. You can find how Zimbabwe gained from making wildlife a private property here.

This may not be valid in everywhere but what matters is, principles of economics can be used to explain the relationship between Elephants and the Red List.

Workplace Unprofessionalism

2018-08-17T01:10:00.001-07:00

Professionalism means having the right kind of attitude and is much discussed in context with the workplace. So at the onset of the article, let us discuss this broad and important term - professionalism. What does it actually mean when we hear someone say 'he or she is a thorough professional'. Professionalism encompasses everything from the right kind of attitude to being perfect in secondary things like dressing style, grooming and behavior.

Every organization looks for employees with a proper attitude because they bring in with them a positive spirit and also are an asset to the organization. On the other hand, unprofessional employees are more or less a kind of burden on the organization. Unprofessionalism affects the progress of both, the individual and the organization. The various effects of it are put together in the coming paragraphs.

image source: workspirited.com

The Effects of Unprofessionalism

Unprofessionalism revealingly affects the work of the individual. Consider the example of an employee who wastes time chit chatting with other workers and creates a nuisance at the work place. This is a supreme example of unprofessional attitude that is attributed to many employees of a unit. It affects the work of all the workers as it disturbs the peace at work. Not following the expected company timings and guidelines is also a sign of lack of professionalism. Relating to work it can be anything like not being sincere and committed towards work and the duties assigned. More of unprofessional signs have been discussed at the end of the article.

Signs of Unprofessionalism

Professionalism is something we learn as we move forward in our career. Most obviously freshmen find it difficult to develop the right attitude. We have discussed below some of the common signs that are associated with unprofessional behavior.

Employees not following discipline during the working hours is one of the common signs of unprofessionalism. This includes spending hours talking on a cell phone or near the water cooler with colleagues, and gossiping about others in the workplace.
Not working hard to achieve the set targets is also an example of unprofessional conduct. This often is an outcome of the first sign.
Disturbing other workers, indulging in backbiting about others, doing harm to the work of others, and unnecessarily troubling someone in the office also accounts for lack of a professional attitude.
Rude behavior with clients or coworkers, losing one's temper easily and unwillingness to work in a team also are indicators of lack of professionalism at the workplace.
Discussing too much about the personal life with colleagues during the working hours is also not expected from the employees. This can also account for spreading negativity in the work environment.

No organization would want to cater to unprofessional employees. It is the responsibility of the employee to understand and do justice to the work expected from him. A professional employee is valued by any organization and is well rewarded for his work.

source : https://workspirited.com/effects-of-unprofessionalism

Financial Inclusion - Regulators have failed us

2018-04-11T00:50:00.001-07:00

I have come home to my rural village for the New Year vacation and come to know a concept called day loan. The good old ‘poli mudalali’ people have updated their business model. Informal Microfinance sector has infected almost all the rural villages in Sri Lanka. What they doing is, giving small amount of cash advances to poor people for an unimaginable interest.

image source: The Economist

A small firm with few loan collectors who are normally using a motor bicycle to collect the payments from the borrowers, ABC investment (Name is hypothetical) has the following loan scheme. They offer Rs. 10,000 to get back a sum of Rs. 13,000 and the amount should be paid in daily installments of approximately Rs. 200 along a period of two months. Sounds reasonable? Let me do some math.

Loan amount In Rupees	Interest In Rupees	Interest as a percentage for two months	Annual Interest Rate
10000	3000	30%	30% X 6 = 180%

Since all the interest rates, in financial world, are depicted in annual figures this is an effective interest rate of more than 100% pa. There’s another firm in this business and they does the business in an innovative way. Cashwagon.lk (you must’ve seen some series online advertisements on this). Below is a sample calculation of repayment for Rs. 10,000 cash advance, which is no different (indeed, it’s worse) than the previous case which I had described.

Turning back to the formal Microfinance sector of the Sri Lanka, They are no better than the informal sector. Effective interest rates of formal microfinance firms averages above 36% pa. Recently, a Non-Profit firm based on Netherlands, Berandina entered the microfinance business in Rural Nuwaraeliya and other districts. They have a staggering 24% p.a. interest rate on their loans. The hilarious fact is, all these loans are provided to reduce the poverty and to improve the well-being of the rural people.

What are the reasons behind these unreasonable interest rates? There’s a one logical reason. The operational cost. These small firms have to cover their operational cost. They have to cover the cost incurred in sending a rider to every corner of the villages.

Why people are choosing these lenders over formal lenders? There are two main reasons. First one is, they are convenient and they'll come to your doorstep. Second one is, reputed banks and finance institutes are not so fond of rural villagers since they have to lend millions of rupees to wealthy scumbags for nothing but to include them in the Non-Performing loans later. I will wind up this article with a quote from one of my role model. The founder of the Grameen bank, which has played and continues to play a vital role in poverty eradication, Professor Muhammad Yunus once said,

“People were poor not because they were stupid or lazy. They worked all day long, doing complex physical tasks. They were poor because the financial institution in the country did not help them widen their economic base.”

Polictics and Economics - Sri Lanka (General Knowledge Questions Part 2)

2018-04-10T08:02:00.000-07:00

Hello there, as I have promised, here's the next part of the general knowledge question series for Central Bank Management Trainee exams. If you've missed the previous one, you can find it in recent articles. If you don't have any idea on what's going on, Please read our Central Bank Management Trainee Exam - Practice Kit OK, enough beating around the bush. Below are the updated GK questions for 2018.

Economics and Banking

How many Licensed Commercial Banks and Licensed Specialized Banks are in Sri Lanka?
What is the law governing monetary policy of Sri Lanka?
Which organization oversees the anti-money laundering activities in Sri Lanka?
What’s the biggest superannuation fund in Sri Lanka
What’s the Per capita income in 2016?
What’s the economic growth rate in 2016?
GDP in 2017 by USD billions?
What’s the composition of the GDP?
Inflation of Sri Lanka in 2016?
Which ministry is responsible for economy related activities in Sri Lanka
Government fiscal policy is handled by?
How many members are there in the monetary board?
What is the most used currency note in Sri Lanka?
A new currency note of Rs. 1000 was issued in 2018 to celebrate?
Which organization provides financial support to solve Balance of Payment shortages?

Answers

25 LCBs and 7 LSBs (As at end of 2016)
Monetary Law Act No. 58 of 1949 (MLA)
Financial Intelligence Unit of Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Employees Provident Fund (EPF)
USD 3835
4.4
USD billion 81.3
Agriculture 7.1 , Services 56.5, Industries 26.2
4.2 (NCPI YoY)
Ministry of National Policies and Economic Affairs
Ministry of Finance
5 Members
20 Rupee note
70th Independence
International Monetary Fund

Politics and Law

Who has created the 1972 Constitution of Sri Lanka?
In what period was the Donoughmore Constitution was in force?
Who was the main advisor to the D. S. Senanayaka in drafting dominion constitution?
How many ministers can be appointed in a provincial council?
How many local authorities are in Sri Lanka?
According to the 19th Amendment, how many Cabinet Ministers can be appointed?
How many members are appointed to the constitutional council?
What was the specialty of 13th amendment to the constitution?
In which year the Sri Lankan got universal suffrage (right to vote)?
Sri Lanka’s first governor?
To what ministry does the Central Bank of Sri Lanka belongs according to the monetary law act?
What’s the term of office of the President of Sri Lanka, According to the 19th amendment?
Who is the opposition’s leader of the parliament of Sri Lanka?
Who lead the investigation on Presidential Commission of Inquiry regarding the Treasury bond scandal?
Who is the chairman of the election commission?

Answers

Dr. Colvin R. de Silva
1931-1947
Sir. Ivor Jennings
5, Including the chief minister
340
30 (there’s a provision, if it is a unity government, then 45)
10 ( 7 from parliament and 3 eminent persons)
Introducing provincial councils
1931
Sir. Oliver Gunathilake
Ministry of Finance
5 Years
R Sampanthan
Supreme court judges, KT Chithrasiri and PS Jayawardena and retired Deputy auditor general K.Velupillai
Mahinda Deshapriya (Commissioner of Elections)

Polictics and Economics - World (General Knowledge Questions Part 1)

2018-03-16T12:08:00.001-07:00

If you're looking for a list of General Knowledge questions and answers for your Competitive examination on Recruitment of Management Trainees for the Central Bank of Sri Lanka, Stop reading this.! Even though this is another part of the Central Bank Management Trainee Exam - Practice Kit series, This is not a simple list of questions and answers. This will give you an idea on how to study for general knowledge paper more effectively.

Image from : Investopedia

Since the very beginning, I have found difficult to memorize long lists and I believe, most of you have the same problem. Solution for this is simple, The chronological studying or let me put it as "Connecting Dots" Look below to find how I managed to remember half of the Geo-political/ Economic data folder using this approach.

Lately, I was watching this TV series on Netflix. Spanish is used throughout the whole series and I was interested in Spanish.

Spanish is the Worlds' second most spoken language. What's number 1 then? Obviously it should be English, Someone would say so. But it's not. Here's the

Worlds most spoken languages list.

1. Chinese (Mandarin)
2. Spanish
3. English
4. Hindi
5. Arabic

Full list Here

Then I was out of the 'Language Spanish' and started to looking on countries that speak Spanish. Well, Most of the Latin American Countries speak Spanish. There are 20 Latin American countries. Below is a list of Latin American Countries and their capitals.

1. Brazil (Brasília)

2. Argentina (Buenos Aires)

3. Colombia (Bogotá)

4. Chile (Santiago)

5. Mexico (Mexico City)

Full list Here

Peso ! Have you ever heard of that? It's the official currency of Mexico. So what are the five major currencies of the world.

1. USD - United States Dollar
2. EUR - Euro
3. JPY - Japanese Yen
4. GBP - British Pound
5. CHF - Swiss Franc

Do you know that IMF (International Monetary Fund) uses a special currency to lend its' member countries. It's called SDR (Special Drawing Right) and it is made up with 5 currencies- USD, EUR, JPY, GBP and RMB. Chinese Renminbi (RMB) also known as the Yuan (CNY) is included instead of the Swiss franc.

That's it for the part 1 and I'll publish the next episodes with less talk and more lists. Don't forget to share this with your friends.

Sri Lanka - Rankings in different indices

2017-12-17T08:30:00.004-08:00

There are handful of indices prepared by reputed organizations worldwide to measure the social and economic progress of the countries. These organizations, including World Bank, World Economic Forum , United Nations and even The Economist are publishing various reports on an annual basis. For an instance, Human Development Index (HDI) is prepared by the United Nations (UNDP) and it is an important indicator of a countries' standard of living.

Following are the ranks that Sri Lanka has managed to get in various indices prepared by different organizations worldwide. Most of these publications are available online on their respective websites.

Index	Year (latest)	Rank
The Global Innovation	2017	90^th
The Legatum Prosperity	2017	53^rd
The Global Entrepreneurship	2018	90^th
Global Terrorism	2017	80^th
World Happiness	2017	120^th
The Inclusive Growth and Development	2017	39^th
Economic Freedom	2017	112^th
Human Development	2016	73^rd
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness	2017	64^th
FDI Island Economies	2017/2018	1^st
Social Progress	2017	73^rd
Sustainable Development	2017	81^st
Basel Anti-Money Laundering	2017	25^th
The Global Livability	2017	124^th
The Global Human Capital	2017	70^th
The Global Competitiveness	2017/2018	85^th
Global Food Security	2017	66^th
Doing Business	2018	111^th
Global Gender Gap	2017	109^th
Global Hunger	2017	84^th

Check out our guide on Central Bank Management Trainee Exam

Why Men Don't Like Shopping and Women Do

2017-12-07T19:43:00.000-08:00

Do you like shopping? The answer may partly depend on one factor: whether you are male or female. Of course, it’s a generalization to say that, "Women like shopping, men don’t"—I’m sure we all know people this doesn’t apply to (my wife, for example, doesn’t particularly like shopping). However, there is evidence that this isn’t a complete myth. A survey of 2,000 British people conducted in 2013 found that men become bored after only 26 minutes of shopping, while it took women a full two hours. The survey found that 80 percent of men didn't like shopping with their partners, and that 45 percent avoiding doing so at all costs. Almost half of all spousal shopping trips ended in arguments, with men becoming frustrated because they bought what they needed straight away, while their partners were still looking and taking too long to make decisions.

If there is some validity to these generalizations - and if they are more than just the result of social conditioning - where could these different attitudes to shopping stem from? I have had a "pet theory" about this ever since writing a book called The Fall (link is external) several years ago, which involved research into early human history and anthropology.

The Hunter-Gatherers

For hundreds of thousands of years, until around 8000 BCE, all human beings lived as hunter-gatherers—that is, they survived by hunting wild animals (the man’s job) and foraging for wild plants, nuts, fruit, and vegetables (the woman’s job). I learned a lot of surprising things about the "hunter-gatherer" lifestyle in my research. For example, it wasn’t a particularly hard life. When anthropologists began to look systematically at how modern-day hunter-gatherers use their time, they discovered that, far from exhausting themselves in their search for food, they actually spent only 12 to 20 hours per week at it. (This led anthropologist Marshall Sahlins to call hunter-gatherers “the original affluent society.”)

Interestingly, women were the main "breadwinners" in hunter-gatherer groups. Anthropologists estimate that women’s gathering provided around 80-90 percent of groups' food —a fact which has led some anthropologists to suggest that these peoples should be renamed gatherer-hunters. This is also meant that their diet was largely vegetarian (only around 10-20 percent meat), and also quite healthy, with a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, roots and nuts, all eaten raw.

Ancient Instincts

Beginning in the Middle East, human communities began to switch to farming around 8000 BC, and slowly, over the following millennia, the practice spread widely throughout Asia and Europe. But after so many hundreds of thousands of years of living that way, it’s no surprise that hunting and gathering are still instinctive to us. And this brings us back to shopping—because these instincts may show themselves in our shopping habits. When most women shop, they are in more of a 'gathering' mode - browsing from tree to tree (or shop to shop) looking for ripe and nutritious fruit. They spend a lot of time examining the food, checking its freshness and edibility, and they discard quite a lot of it. At the end of the trip, they return home laden with a wide variety of food stuffs (or shopping bags).

In the same way, men's shopping habits may be related to their hunting heritage. This might explain why men appear to be more mono-focused, rather than browsers. In prehistoric terms, they have one thing in mind: kill an animal and go home. They don’t want to waste time browsing, and it’s not so necessary for them to examine their food acquisitions. They just look for animals, kill them, pick them up, and go straight home. Perhaps this rush to get home was based on the knowledge that if a hunter left an animal lying for too long, other animals or insects would start to eat it. Some dead animals would also have been heavy, and so difficult to carry around for long. Also, in hot and humid conditions, it wouldn't be long before meat would start to go bad.

Let me repeat that these are generalizations - there are undoubtedly million of men and women to whom these characteristics don't apply. And I'm obviously being facetitious in making these connections between modern shopping habits and hunger-gathering. But if there is a tendency for men and women to shop in these different ways, then they could be explained in terms of our hunter-gatherer past.

Of course, as with most "pet theories," I eventually realised that I’m not the only person who has thought of it. In 2009, anthropologists Kruger and Byker found very clear similarities between modern men and women's shopping habits and our hunter-gatherer past. They found that women "scored higher on skills and behaviors associated with gathering, even though the environment and the objects being gathered have changed with respect to our ancestral environment....Men scored higher on skills and behaviors associated with hunting." They found that women were more inclined to spend extended time browsing around shopping malls, while men more inclined to buy what they needed and then leave straight away.* Their findings supply empirical evidence for the connection I'm making in this article.

One good thing about this: It provides justification for our shopping habits. You can always use the excuse that you can’t help liking (or not liking) shopping because you inherited those instincts from our prehistoric past. More seriously, this might also help us to overcome the impulse to buy unnecessary material goods—items that we may not be able to afford, which often don’t bring us any happiness, and which are often produced by low-paid, exploited workers in poorer parts of the world—and which, on the massive collective scale that we consume them, contribute to environmental degradation.

Once you become aware of the reasons for a behavior, it becomes easier to control and overcome it. I’m not saying that we should stop shopping, but perhaps we should shop more sensibly, and bring our buying more in line with our needs than our desires.

But then again, I am a man, after all.

By : Steve Taylor, Ph.D. is a senior lecturer in psychology at Leeds Metropolitan University, UK.

Source : https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/out-the-darkness/201402/why-men-dont-shopping-and-most-women-do

Central Bank Management Trainee Exam - Practice Kit

2017-12-06T08:59:00.000-08:00

As you all aware, Applications are called for the post of Management Trainee in a prestigious institute of Sri Lanka. The process will be very rigorous and the qualifications alone can't withstand the barriers. The first filter or the firewall is a Competitive examination conducted by the Department of Examinations. The exam, which is similar to any other competitive exam conducted for various government job openings such as Sri Lanka Customs, SLAS — Consists of 3 tough to face question papers, viz.,

General Intelligence

Analytical Writing

General Knowledge

In our tutorials (or whatever the thing that we going to present to you as a series of blog posts) We are focusing on Two papers, i,e. General Intelligence and the Analytical writing. We have some secrets up our sleeves, particularly for the analytical writing. All the practice lessons are prepared by an experienced author who holds a Bachelors degree in Management and working in the banking sector. You may have heard of classes conducted by various persons to get you through this examination. Believe us, they won't pay you better off and we won't charge you a penny for this set of lessons. All yours. Keep updated and bookmark this page for upcoming lessons.

01. GK1 - Sri Lanka - Rankings in different indices
02. GK2 - Politics and Economics World - Part 1
03. GK3 - Politics and Economics Sri Lanka - Part 2

Famous Animated Characters cast by Celebrities

2017-11-30T00:36:00.001-08:00

It's not just me. We all are still watching animation movies that are purely made for kids. Have you ever thought that some of the characters are made after real life celebrities and even cast by them. Well, if you haven't, here's a list of famous animation movie characters that were made alive by famous actors and actresses.

Moana - Dwayne Johnson (The Rock) as Maui

Hotel Transylvania - Selena Gomez as Mavis

Minions - Sandra Bullock as Scarlett Overkill

Shrek - Eddie Murphy as The Donkey

Kung-Fu Panda - Angelina Jolie as Tigress

Secret Life of Pets- Kevin Hart as Snowball

Epic- Beyonce as Queen Tara

Taking DSLR like Photos in Your Smartphone

2017-11-14T21:48:00.003-08:00

If you've heard of iPhones' Portrait mode, bokeh effect and similar jargon but you have no money to spend on DSLRs these are some tips you must check out. Photographs with bokeh effect (ones that taken with a blurred background) can be created in three ways.

1. Specific smartphones with duel lenses such as iPhone 7 plus, iPhone X, Oppo R11

2. Smartphones with relevant software (Google camera and pixel phones)

3. Apps that can be used to manually edit the photo (Afterfocus is a good app)

This guide is a combination of guides posted in the business insider and Google Blog You can snap great photographs using correct techniques and perfect conditions.

Image courtesy : Business Insider

1. Find great lighting.

In most cases, portrait mode refuses to work at all in low light, so you may not have a choice here. But either way, look for well-lit situations to test out the feature.

2. Make sure the subject is actually in focus.

If your subject isn't sharp, it defeats the whole purpose of portrait mode. To make sure it's in focus, tap on the screen where you want the photo to be its sharpest. With phones that have a "live" version of portrait mode like the iPhone 8 Plus and the iPhone X — instead of one that's created by software, like the Pixel 2 — you'll be able to see where the camera is focused in real-time.

Image courtesy : Google blog

3. Don't stand too close to the background.

Portrait mode works best when the camera and the phone's software can easily differentiate between the foreground and the background. When those two things are too close together, or too similar, portrait mode doesn't work as well.

Image courtesy : Google blog

4. Step closer to your subject — but not too close.

Portrait mode works best when you keep a little bit of distance between yourself and the subject — in fact, it's advised that you don't get closer than 19 inches.

5. Trust in Apps (exclusive knowlk tip)

There are number of good photo editing apps for your smartphone and they are not very famous since they don't deal with beautified selfies. The best photo editor you can find on android appstore is Snapseed and it is designed by the lord of the internet Google itself. I personally use this apps inbuit tutorials to create some stunning images.

Another app I've been using is Afterfocus which will create a lens blur photos in your low end smartphone. You can trust on these two apps. Below is a photograph of the Kanthale Tank-Sri Lanka Taken with a low end smartphone and edited with the Snapseed for your inspiration.

Kanthale Tank - Sri Lanka

Colombo Portcity Design by SOM

2017-10-31T02:21:00.000-07:00

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP—the internationally renowned architecture, interior design, engineering, and urban planning firm, in association with Grant Associates landscape architecture—has won the International Urban Design Ideas Competition held for the Financial District and Marina District of Colombo Port City.

Here are few snaps and concepts by them along with some interesting facts about the multi billion dollar project, Colombo Portcity (AKA Colombo Financial City).

Port City Colombo is a large-scale integrated city being developed on more than 200ha of reclaimed land near Colombo, Sri Lanka. It is the single biggest private sector development in the country and expected to transform Colombo into a commerce, tourism and cultural hub.

The new city will comprise five main urban precincts or districts, namely International Island, Island Living, Central Park Living, Financial District and The Marina.

The proposed design of the development is influenced by the diverse landscape and intricate tropical climate of the country. The development provides striking views with a clear hierarchy when viewed from key locations within the city.

Construction works began with the reclamation of land for the project. As of June 2017, 45% of the reclamation process was completed.The first piece of land for construction is expected to be ready by mid-2018, while the entire reclamation is scheduled for completion in 2020.

Port City Colombo will be developed as a green city featuring an abundant open area, waterways and parks. The buildings will feature green roofs, while car parks will include tree shading.

View the article on Colombo Megapolis Master Plan

images courtesy and source : http://www.designbuild-network.com/projects/port-city-colombo-master-plan-colombo

Banking Sector of Sri Lanka - An analysis on Key Financial Performance Indicators

2017-09-11T09:18:00.002-07:00

Banking industry, a faster growing and a solid sector in Sri Lanka has some key players that are systematically important as and they are making a substantial profit. The considerable fact about banking industry in Sri Lanka is, it is dominated by state owned banks. In fact, SOEs (State Owned Enterprises) final income is heavily relying on state owned banks. Bank of Ceylon and Peoples’ Bank are the largest state owned banks in Sri Lanka which are falling into commercial banks category. National Savings Bank is a Licensed Specialized Bank.

This report, which written for an Assignment in Msc in Financial Economics, presents some key data and insights on three major commercial banks and investor related information. This report consists the latest data from 2017.

How Does a Hurricane Form?

2017-08-30T21:04:00.000-07:00

Hurricanes are the most violent storms on Earth. They form near the equator over warm ocean waters. Actually, the term hurricane is used only for the large storms that form over the Atlantic Ocean or eastern Pacific Ocean.

The generic, scientific term for these storms, wherever they occur, is tropical cyclone. Other names they are given, depending on where in the world they are born, are typhoons, cyclones, severe tropical cyclones, or severe cyclonic storms. Whatever they are called, the same forces and conditions are at work in forming these giant storms, any of which can cause damage or devastation when they hit land where people live.

Image Courtesy : scijinks.gov

Tropical cyclones are like engines that require warm, moist air as fuel. So the first ingredient needed for a tropical cyclone is warm ocean water. That is why tropical cyclones form only in tropical regions where the ocean is at least 80 degrees F for at least the top 50 meters (about 165 feet) below the surface.

The second ingredient for a tropical cyclone is wind. In the case of hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean, the wind blowing westward across the Atlantic from Africa provides the necessary ingredient. As the wind passes over the ocean's surface, water evaporates (turns into water vapor) and rises. As it rises, the water vapor cools, and condenses back into large water droplets, forming large cumulonimbus clouds. These clouds are just the beginning.

Meteorologists have divided the development of a tropical cyclone into four stages: Tropical disturbance, tropical depression, tropical storm, and full-fledged tropical cyclone.

Tropical disturbance

When the water vapor from the warm ocean condenses to form clouds, it releases its heat to the air. The warmed air rises and is pulled into the column of clouds. Evaporation and condensation continue, building the cloud columns higher and larger. A pattern develops, with the wind circulating around a center (like water going down a drain). As the moving column of air encounters more clouds, it becomes a cluster of thunderstorm clouds, called a tropical disturbance.

Tropical depression

As the thunderstorm grows higher and larger, the air at the top of the cloud column is cooling and becoming unstable. As the heat energy is released from the cooling water vapor, the air at the top of the clouds becomes warmer, making the air pressure higher and causing winds to move outward away from the high pressure area. This movement and warming causes pressures at the surface to drop. Then air at the surface moves toward the lower pressure area, rises, and creates more thunderstorms. Winds in the storm cloud column spin faster and faster, whipping around in a circular motion. When the winds reach between 25 and 38 mph, the storm is called a tropical depression.

Image Courtesy : scijinks.gov

Tropical storm

When the wind speeds reach 39 mph, the tropical depression becomes a tropical storm. This is also when the storm gets a name. The winds blow faster and begin twisting and turning around the eye, or calm center, of the storm. Wind direction is counterclockwise (west to east) in the northern hemisphere and clockwise (east to west) in the southern hemisphere. This phenomenon is known as the Coriolis effect.

Tropical cyclone

When the wind speeds reach 74 mph, the storm is officially a tropical cyclone. The storm is at least 50,000 feet high and around 125 miles across. The eye is around 5 to 30 miles wide. The trade winds (which blow from east to west) push the tropical cyclone toward the west—toward the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, or the southeastern coast of the U.S. The winds and the low air pressure also cause a huge mound of ocean water to pile up near the eye of the tropical cyclone, which can cause monster storm surges when all this water reaches land.

Tropical cyclones usually weaken when they hit land, because they are no longer being fed by the energy from the warm ocean waters. However, they often move far inland, dumping many inches of rain and causing lots of wind damage before they die out completely.

Next, what are the fives categories tropical cyclones?

Thank you for the wonderful article : https://scijinks.gov/hurricane/

Good CV templates for University students

2017-08-01T10:03:00.004-07:00

Every interview you gonna face reflects how good your Curriculum Vitae is. A good resume can always give you a chance to meet the employer that is the initial step of getting selected to a job.

(Or read the 2021 Version of undergraduate CV for Sri Lankans)

Curriculum Vitae is the first step of attracting an Employer and there are tons of guidelines available on CV writing. Almost every university job fair has its' own CV clinic. Even though there are so many advices and guides to local university students on CV writing, I found one thing is difficult to find on internet when I was preparing my first CV back then in 2015. A well formatted CV template in word format. is a very difficult thing to find on internet if you're preparing your Curriculum Vitae for the first time.

A good CV should follow the outline given below (of course, this is not universal). You can arrange the contents in the order provided. You can post any doubts (such as, is it okay to put a photograph in my CV) in comment if you need answers.

Personal Profile
Your name, Date of Birth, NIC (not mandatory), Address, E-mail and Telephone number.

Educational qualifications
University and Degree with GPA, A/L results and Z score, O/L Results (for science, mathematics and English)

Professional qualifications (Not having this one is better)
University and Degree with GPA, A/L results and Z score, O/L Results (for science, mathematics and English)
Work experience
The role and the organization with the period, achievements if any

Skills
Time management or Microsoft office, all the skills you've got

Hobbies / Extra ordinary activities (kidding, it should be Extra Curricular)
Sport activities, societies etc

Referees
A lecturer from your department, A former employee, (Don't forget to send them your CV)

Download a pre-written CV to customize according to your need from below links provided or read more on interview facing on How to shine at your interview

Resume Sample 1 : Information Technology Oriented

Resume Sample 2

Hambantota Port Agreement

2017-07-27T02:34:00.001-07:00

Concession Agreement of Hambantota Port

The above agreement which is to be signed with China Merchant Port Holdings Company Ltd (CMPort) was presented to the cabinet earlier and it has been revised to be more beneficial to Sri Lanka.

image source: Dailymirror

Under the agreement Sri Lanka Ports Authority as the Public partner and aforesaid company as the private partner will establish the following companies.
Hambantota International Port Services Co. (Pvt) Ltd – with a capital of USD 606 million and 50.7% shares to SLPA and 49.3% to CMPort.

Hambantota International Port Group (Pvt) Ltd - with a capital of USD 794 million and 15% shares to SLPA and 85% to CMPort as in SAGT terminal and CICT terminal

Accordingly, instead of 80:20 share distribution in the initial agreement, shares of overall investment will be revised as 69.55 to CMPort and 30.45 for SLPA.

The lands will be only given to newly establishing 02 companies on lease basis and their shares are allowed to be purchases by SLPA as follows.

After 70 years of effective date of agreement at a fare rate decided by Government Assessor and an independent assessor.

After 80 years of the effective date SLPA has the right to purchase shares of CMPort and its affiliated companies at a rate of USD 01 as the SLPA's share holding in HIGP to be 60% and HIPS to be 76.8%.

After 99 years of effective date all the shares of CMPort and affiliated companies should be transferred to SLPA at a rate of USD 01.

The sole authority of managing the defense situation of the port is Sri Lankan government and use of the port in military activities is prevented.

According to the proposal made by Mahinda Samarasinghe, Minister of Ports and Shipping, the Cabinet of Ministers has approved to obtain opinion of interested parties further, and table it in parliament and do further amendments according to proposals made at the parliament and subsequently to accept and sign the agreement.

An review on south Asian container ports will be available soon

Find your Dream Job through Social Media

2017-07-25T22:45:00.000-07:00

Social Media is a tool to interact with your friends, family or relatives also to follow your favorite Celebrities or fashion blogs. Recently Facebook announced its members count to 2 Billion. With this increase engagement of people with Social Media it became a good platform for advertising, so most of the companies started making investments on social media advertising.

The same trend continued with the recruitment industry, so the Companies started advertising their Job Openings through their company pages, mainly in Facebook and LinkedIn which is a professional network where professionals interact in the platform to share knowledge and also to make job offerings and look out for jobs. Later when companies created pages on Facebook they started advertising the Job vacancies in an attractive manner, also the recruiters and Job portals created pages and advertised the vacancies for their clients. Especially Facebook groups were created for job seekers to get updates on new vacancies.

Dreamjobs.lk can be considered as the pioneer in Social Media advertising for Job vacancies in Sri Lanka. They reach out to the right candidate through a filtering system in Social Media. Through this they can reach out to the candidates who are actively not looking for a job but might be a potential candidate to a company with a better offering. So, the usage of social media for jobs is an advantage for both companies and the Job seekers.

To find your Dream job through social media you just have to do is to follow the Dreamjobs.lk pages on Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google+ and Instagram. Now you don’t need to spend your free time searching for Jobs, you can find your Dream job while you are networking with your friends on social media.

by: Madura Uhangoda, DreamJobs.lk