<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><rss xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:openSearch="http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/" xmlns:blogger="http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008" xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/georss" xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0" version="2.0"><channel><atom:id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845</atom:id><lastBuildDate>Mon, 13 Apr 2026 11:04:33 +0000</lastBuildDate><category>EVM</category><category>CPM</category><category>Assumptions and Risks</category><category>WBS</category><category>critical path</category><category>free online pmp®mock exam</category><category>Advantages Of Critical Chain Scheduling</category><category>Agile</category><category>BAC</category><category>Buyer Seller Relations</category><category>Estimation techniques</category><category>Good practice to employ project estimate</category><category>PMP Mock questions</category><category>PV</category><category>Planning Schedule</category><category>Project Governance</category><category>Requirement Prioritization</category><category>Stakeholder management</category><category>TCPI</category><category>project scope</category><category>AC</category><category>Achievement</category><category>Budget Forecast</category><category>Budgeting</category><category>Buffers</category><category>Burndown chart</category><category>Business Excellence</category><category>CCM</category><category>CV</category><category>CWBS</category><category>Cause and effect</category><category>Communication</category><category>Conflct Resolutions</category><category>Control Account</category><category>Cost of Quality</category><category>EAC</category><category>EV</category><category>Earned Value</category><category>FF</category><category>FS</category><category>How To Prioritize requirements</category><category>Leadership</category><category>Leading Change</category><category>Life Style computing</category><category>Matrix Organization Structure</category><category>Organization Structure</category><category>PERT</category><category>PM</category><category>PMB</category><category>Progressive planning</category><category>Project Appraisal</category><category>Project Constraint</category><category>Project HR management</category><category>Project Manager Role</category><category>Quality</category><category>Quality aspects in a project</category><category>RBS</category><category>Resource Utilization</category><category>Rolling-wave plan and Roll-out plan</category><category>SF</category><category>SOW</category><category>SS</category><category>SV</category><category>Source of Scope Change</category><category>Stakeholder Analysis</category><category>Strategic Management</category><category>Variance Analysis</category><category>Work Budgeting</category><category>normalized ranking</category><category>objective analysis</category><category>resource leveling</category><category>time management</category><category>voice of customer</category><category>15 easy steps to lead and manage</category><category>ACWP</category><category>ALE</category><category>Aggregation</category><category>Agile Estimation</category><category>Artificial Intelligence</category><category>BCWP</category><category>BCWS</category><category>BI</category><category>Backlogs</category><category>Beta distribution</category><category>BigData</category><category>CCPM</category><category>CIP</category><category>CMS</category><category>COGQ</category><category>COPQ</category><category>COQ</category><category>CPI</category><category>Capital Discount method</category><category>Changes in PMBOK guide 4th edition</category><category>Conformance</category><category>Contingency reserve</category><category>Control Account Plan</category><category>Control chart and its wide use</category><category>Cost Benefit Analysis Template</category><category>Cost Reestiamte</category><category>Customer Relationship</category><category>Decomposition</category><category>Delphi</category><category>Dependency Activity</category><category>Enthusiam</category><category>Estimate Risks</category><category>FMEA</category><category>Fever chart</category><category>Financial analysis</category><category>Float</category><category>Focus</category><category>Force field analysis</category><category>Global Project Management Vs Global Delivery Model</category><category>Goals</category><category>Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 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&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Now that PMI (Project Managment Institute) guide PMBOK 5th Ed is out and soon exams will be attuned, and here are few common mistakes PMP exam aspirants can avoid.&lt;br /&gt;
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1. Blind Dates - Aspirants&#39; failing to plan a tentative date at the least after their application is approved.&lt;br /&gt;
You are so busy until email alerts you and you rush a booking at the end of 1 year window and go for exam with the hope that you had a good initial preparation&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;training and now glancing at the eleventh hour will suffice. So instead of a blind-date try a Backward pass with last date as exam date (include contingencies) and check your availability time over weekends. &amp;nbsp;Be a student but not with student syndrome.&lt;br /&gt;
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2. Pride and Prejudice - Famous author book collections, lot of downloads, are merely data or prints or held for pride. &amp;nbsp;It is essential to read the prescribed Guide and books but not to by-heart or treat particular book is &#39;The book&#39; for the exam. You are likely to be tested for managerial skill not book-worm skill. So think logical, draw your own charts, write you own notes. Talk with or Think as other industry folks if you have time (break the mindset of mapping your own experience). &amp;nbsp;You may have decade+ years of experience but become a student for a while, and pen your notes in A4 sheets for each knowledge area OR process group respectively and finally to one A4 that goes in your pocket. Remember, if at all you want to buy a second book or download just ask if you have trashed the first .&lt;br /&gt;
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3. Impatience - Once you take say 10%-20% of questions or when you see a negative score trend, do not mellow down. Practice makes a man perfect, guess everyone would agree. Apart from conventional approaches, set a timer and try taking 50%-100%, so that, you develop the habit of not missing simpler quiz and become also time conscious. Also set your focus on one area of result at a time and repeat as many times (forget if you score less in a particular area or group) but ensure score improves on iterations. Instead of going with one big question bank and get convinced of a good achievement, you may have to try with few more third party question banks so that mindset are not skewed. 150-200 questions are more than enough as per a statistic to judge your success rate. So do not put everything in a single basket. Last but not least when you read a quiz, be sure you are able to identify which process area &amp;nbsp;it belongs to. Do not chose those question banks where you find them asking for PERT, CPM etc.. expansions or twisted expansion of the same.&lt;br /&gt;
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4. Forgetting the Trainer &amp;nbsp;- &amp;nbsp;Oops!, Why would I remember?. Relationship matters, being in touch with the trainer helps you to reassure your confidence. It may not be for entire day appointment but probably an hour or less. Do your home work (revise once thoroughly, especially those tips that was offered earlier, write down things to clarify), &amp;nbsp;get an appointment ( may be for a fee or in kind, it is worth), tell your progress,&amp;nbsp;seek for tips, get inputs, and have an open mind to follow the feedback. If you still could not do it with the old trainer, check for any boot-camps near by and go for it. &amp;nbsp;Rehearsals are worth before any performance. &lt;br /&gt;
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5. Self Deception - Aspirants have got to do justice to themselves upon training completion. You are a dedicated project manager busy with all project things, this is good for the company and appreciation letter from client boost your confidence as well. Both have benefited from your contribution, but wait, what is that for you ? Adding to it, &amp;nbsp;may be your personal commitment that steals away your time. &amp;nbsp;Favour yourself for a while, allocate 2 hours in the weekend when birds-chirp after sound sleep, you are calm, fresh for &#39;revision breakfast&#39;. Oh Well, if you have been busy Friday evening, you may change your revision timing! ... But remember you have got to work something for your self.&lt;br /&gt;
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Hope to be useful to readers who are planning to take the exam sooner or later. If you liked it share to your friends.&lt;br /&gt;
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</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2013/07/5-common-mistakes-while-taking-pmp-exam.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-6253420648952361479</guid><pubDate>Mon, 18 Mar 2013 06:40:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-03-17T23:40:28.941-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">environment</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Organization Structure</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">project management and politics</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Project politics</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">roles</category><title>How to control politics in project management</title><description>&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwiZ9GDdb9Nvu8aLrVLvIC6wDmOurGCIF0XgplyqwFZ4GW36yxY98UML9XhzMGz2yLz7IC7TMhpbVGqx-9CxdvwtrFyrVCcswWl83d2Xd1H50nJa4P4QjScSQGBDckb72Vy-WMlBRIh_uB/s1600/projectpolitics.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwiZ9GDdb9Nvu8aLrVLvIC6wDmOurGCIF0XgplyqwFZ4GW36yxY98UML9XhzMGz2yLz7IC7TMhpbVGqx-9CxdvwtrFyrVCcswWl83d2Xd1H50nJa4P4QjScSQGBDckb72Vy-WMlBRIh_uB/s1600/projectpolitics.png&quot; height=&quot;195&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Guess most of those project manager(including members) must have faced at least one political case taking them by surprise&amp;nbsp;or wonder what to do&amp;nbsp;midst&amp;nbsp;project progress. &amp;nbsp;The worst case is, politics is felt and not pronounced. Some fight it over and see things are in their&amp;nbsp;favor&amp;nbsp;although some leave it to go away by itself and other keep brooding over.&lt;br /&gt;
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Some examples include a ) all of a sudden taking away one or more critical project member out, because there is a lot of hue and cry about another new project launch. b) witness quality process on paper but not in practice as most of the concentration is on product shipment rather wholesome deliverable.&lt;br /&gt;
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There are large number of reasons that may exist but we try here to&amp;nbsp;check&amp;nbsp;few of them and applying right level of actions how we can overcome. Some of them are inputs to a project manager while others may be his resourcefulness a.k.a applying skills. Example , environment (internal or external) factors, stakeholder analysis are inputs to project manager&#39;s decision making while application of right kind of conflict management, relationship management, risks management may offer some degree of relief and solve the issue on hand.&lt;br /&gt;
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The scenario of plucking-out resources, we may do a truth-check on project deliverable commitments in case of non-compensated resources. Emphasis or highlight about the risks during &amp;nbsp;kickoff meeting, &amp;nbsp;about the dependency you have, and, any derailing of such effort would result in setbacks. This way, it keeps poachers cautious on the importance of your project alarms. Compensation could be resorted in case of necessity to relieve the member but again the learning curve and other overheads need to be reminded to the&amp;nbsp;requester. &amp;nbsp;Same time remind yourself (project manager) of the role in the organization structure that you are placed (functional structure, matrix structure or productized structure). &amp;nbsp;Treat them as , an environment&amp;nbsp;factor that either favours or does not favour you. Example, check if you can define rules or is the rule setting rests with somebody else. This help you understand well if you have to accept and move on. If you do not have those roles, it is as simple - as you are most likely a part-timer and with lesser risks. However &amp;nbsp;maintaining professionalism and good conduct, those importance of aforesaid risks elements in kickoff meeting may just stand as recommendations rather as commands.&lt;br /&gt;
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Important is structure, understanding of your responsibility, giving options to stakeholders, reminding the risks, analysis the importance of impact etc could all be helpers to forecast bumpy-blocks and remove or ease towards final delivery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2013/03/how-to-control-politics-in-project.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwiZ9GDdb9Nvu8aLrVLvIC6wDmOurGCIF0XgplyqwFZ4GW36yxY98UML9XhzMGz2yLz7IC7TMhpbVGqx-9CxdvwtrFyrVCcswWl83d2Xd1H50nJa4P4QjScSQGBDckb72Vy-WMlBRIh_uB/s72-c/projectpolitics.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-9192164978645293036</guid><pubDate>Wed, 09 Jan 2013 07:36:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2013-01-08T23:36:47.514-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Burndown chart</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Communication</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Leadership</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Organization Structure</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Personal traits</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Reports</category><title>How to manage project communication</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Communication management involve analysis and planning; understanding
fundamental characteristics of communication, selection of methods and style to be applied to
parties or systems involved during the scope and periodicity of communication in order to achieve the
selected communication objective(s).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;It might be in the point of motivation speech, or technical performance or forecasting of sales.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Here are few tips on communication we try to provide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjalys8-nJa8zzuwe9YbdODbdxsV3tJwmDECuq4MGsSXe2eMqr9wdYjrAxZMl-Itr_qKO93SQuJJdPHNoIGz6ECfBk6OkHCNxLnDVzHCiJ4eE-lfib2Qwn3O-cO9g5UT_UJ-K50n8V0vNKX/s1600/g-communication-management.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;141&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjalys8-nJa8zzuwe9YbdODbdxsV3tJwmDECuq4MGsSXe2eMqr9wdYjrAxZMl-Itr_qKO93SQuJJdPHNoIGz6ECfBk6OkHCNxLnDVzHCiJ4eE-lfib2Qwn3O-cO9g5UT_UJ-K50n8V0vNKX/s320/g-communication-management.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #3d85c6; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Project Communication Management Tips&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: 7.0pt &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Most of the communication involves people;
however, automated communication can involve intelligent systems that deliberate
further communication based on communication system and protocol that are built
in the automated system. Generally, communication is time bound (daily, weekly,
monthly, quarterly, or yearly) primarily to measure the yield or objectives achieved.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Multi-party communication usually call for flow (single
or bi-directional) depiction, channels (4 team may involve (4 x (4-1)) / 2) 6
channels to communicate and choose technology as medium to communicate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Each communication can achieve one or more
objectives with help of one more methods&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Ethical in terms of reliability, transparency, confidentiality
based on principle or policy that individual or organization sets or is
governed by.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Initiate a feedback / memo note or lodge a
protest over an order, claim, or stake, or, Control or Resolve issues, defects,
or claims etc that are initiated&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Educate in terms of clarification, job training
(process, process, expected behaviour etc)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Express dissatisfaction, satisfaction, interest,
disinterest, enthusiasm, empathy, pleasure, regard etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Result can be in terms of either or both Efficiency
and Effectiveness&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Style of putting forth method could be&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal &#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Active &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;- React
physically(body language, vocal pitch), materialistically, in kind, or in
written or verbal language, gently, over react&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Passive - Listen, observe, mere presence, or colour
a theme to reflect the mood or as an indicator of progress etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Largely influenced by local and global language,
culture and ethnicity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Application of communication(scope and boundary)&amp;nbsp;can be across
organization structure or for the user (a customer, or end users) or only to those roles of
team or person planned for communication.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2013/01/how-to-manage-project-communication.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjalys8-nJa8zzuwe9YbdODbdxsV3tJwmDECuq4MGsSXe2eMqr9wdYjrAxZMl-Itr_qKO93SQuJJdPHNoIGz6ECfBk6OkHCNxLnDVzHCiJ4eE-lfib2Qwn3O-cO9g5UT_UJ-K50n8V0vNKX/s72-c/g-communication-management.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-1797034621279165818</guid><pubDate>Sun, 23 Dec 2012 17:33:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-23T09:36:36.302-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">functional analysis</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Quality aspects in a project</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">requirements management</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">value analysis</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">value engineering</category><title>How Value Analysis Aid Quality Requirements </title><description>&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Value Analysis and Value Engineering are &quot;business process microscope&quot; that can see through problems in existing product or service or &quot;visionize&quot; those functional requirements that are new,&amp;nbsp; feasible, sellable or profitable&amp;nbsp; respectively. Value Engineering a supplementary process in Value Analysis that 
when used can help to plan and design requirements. Example, among other
applications are a) resuability, b) concept introduction c) conducting design of 
experiment(DOE) - to arrive at an optimal output within defined input 
(test) conditions.&lt;br /&gt;
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The figure shows a basic life cycle process of Value Analysis with common tools or techniques used (not exhaustive although! ).&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmM32ZnqhoIpWmqReWDuEMwevYcO52nrOctU5FjI6DvfUe2Vw4EwGQCzvud7hI_Q51PudzFbwvHa2tcZ6fLKuH5C6QoghVBQtN5pwPT0zXlILvgI5RWfUezIPbJEWbDAiB5yCR1dNJLAdK/s1600/guruttam-value-analysis-engineering.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmM32ZnqhoIpWmqReWDuEMwevYcO52nrOctU5FjI6DvfUe2Vw4EwGQCzvud7hI_Q51PudzFbwvHa2tcZ6fLKuH5C6QoghVBQtN5pwPT0zXlILvgI5RWfUezIPbJEWbDAiB5yCR1dNJLAdK/s1600/guruttam-value-analysis-engineering.JPG&quot; height=&quot;293&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Value Analysis Life cycle and tools&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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Once the problem at hand is identified (say using cause effect diagram), functional analysis is performed to arrive at a logical mapping of needs that has to be addressed in immediate or near future. Agile practices such as storyboarding, or other creative approaches can be applied to narrow down candidate requirements for further evaluation and selection. Also, requirements are prioritized with Normalized Ranking, MoSCoW, Kano Model(Must, Desirable, Exciting features) methods. Decision / alternate analysis and other tools or techniques may be used to aid in selection of candidate functional requirements, evaluate its feasiblility, viablility, with demonstration of return on investment along with a rollout plan. End of such evaluation will authorize selected functional requirements to be tried for pre-commissioning / pre-production tests or piloting and later go ahead for production upon successful acceptance testing.&lt;br /&gt;
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Following value analysis table demonstrate an example of cost-to-value in components of a healthcare product (can be examined for others product or service also) against the function of the product.&amp;nbsp; It tries to demonstrate if there is a right mix of cost to the value existing in the components used in attending the functional requirements of the product.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjKV5wzmu04iJJxQatB7O7fnRXiHQ6p3-MT9zE_dc7ge6ezuQVaqQXDcy06BPPGnjOkTGS4M1-nJi-plX55VjNi8s3YPopsxCU_C5dMdwlk1OJ5hczUPGbVsmqyDBJkRuEv9vv_GHMSkGM/s1600/guruttam-value-analysis.JPG&quot; height=&quot;141&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Value Analysis example : Cost-to-value analysis&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/12/how-value-analysis-aid-quality.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmM32ZnqhoIpWmqReWDuEMwevYcO52nrOctU5FjI6DvfUe2Vw4EwGQCzvud7hI_Q51PudzFbwvHa2tcZ6fLKuH5C6QoghVBQtN5pwPT0zXlILvgI5RWfUezIPbJEWbDAiB5yCR1dNJLAdK/s72-c/guruttam-value-analysis-engineering.JPG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-1562186812535716377</guid><pubDate>Wed, 12 Dec 2012 14:25:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-12T06:25:16.791-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Buyer Seller Relations</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Customer Relationship</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Stakeholder Analysis</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Stakeholder management</category><title>Stakeholder Management vs. Relationship Management</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Most often these two management terms(Stakeholder and Relationship) are treated as same in most organization, but we believe that there is a bit of silver-lining between these management twins.&amp;nbsp;Stakeholder management emphasis more on the means while relationship management is on the end of that means.&lt;br /&gt;
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For example, answering series of customer queries might be&amp;nbsp;a strategy employed in stakeholder(here a customer) management, while winning customer relationship in terms of value(e..g dollar worth), quality of service(e.g. good&amp;nbsp;product delivery, minimal turn around time on support or&amp;nbsp;minimal&amp;nbsp;trails to fix root cause), trust(e.g. transparency, security, teaming) and confidence(e.g. returning customers,&amp;nbsp;can live up to short supply notice).&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgthltzbWqQsYpOvwF49ab9sQq0Rf95dsMZlxvdZyMxJTFsanw1gi6TjNFYr3p3EgOB4HwlqX7Ip6dxvZbxtYR0-z5iJXm3dXPMd_nkytdtMUrFF61BI5pakrT2Ph-w3uVmcn4A7SmwbxsA/s1600/guruttamstakeholdermanagement.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;296&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgthltzbWqQsYpOvwF49ab9sQq0Rf95dsMZlxvdZyMxJTFsanw1gi6TjNFYr3p3EgOB4HwlqX7Ip6dxvZbxtYR0-z5iJXm3dXPMd_nkytdtMUrFF61BI5pakrT2Ph-w3uVmcn4A7SmwbxsA/s320/guruttamstakeholdermanagement.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Further stakeholder management seeks tactical solution on objectives laid while relationship management mostly seeks strategical&amp;nbsp;solution on subjective perception. Attending a customer at a bank counter understanding on stakeholder investment interests and offering good schemes can be stakeholder management while offering&amp;nbsp;the customer a feel of true personal banking or without banker referral requests customer bringing another customers would be signs of better relationship management and a win.&lt;br /&gt;
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Stakeholders may define and maintain relationships for a life span based on one or more common cause, benefits.&amp;nbsp;Stakeholders may forcefully disengage or continue the relationship upon degree of interest or bindings between.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/12/stakeholder-management-vs-relationship.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgthltzbWqQsYpOvwF49ab9sQq0Rf95dsMZlxvdZyMxJTFsanw1gi6TjNFYr3p3EgOB4HwlqX7Ip6dxvZbxtYR0-z5iJXm3dXPMd_nkytdtMUrFF61BI5pakrT2Ph-w3uVmcn4A7SmwbxsA/s72-c/guruttamstakeholdermanagement.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-5533956885261392059</guid><pubDate>Tue, 04 Dec 2012 17:32:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-04T20:44:20.937-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Assumptions and Risks</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Business Excellence</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Cause and effect</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Innovation</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Leadership</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Leading Change</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">objective analysis</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Project Management Failures and Success</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Quality</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Strategic Management</category><title>5 common witnesses to failures </title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;We examine 5 common reasons(&lt;i&gt;Ambiguity, Dream commitment, Quality a Spare, Assumptions, Monotony&lt;/i&gt;) to failures. We call them here witnesses because of most of them are human induced failures rather than system itself.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;color: #cc0000; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;1. Ambiguity&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Let us try to examine few important cases of ambiguity in business functions:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;1.a Customer-to-Business:&lt;/span&gt; It is essential that customer convey their requirements to contractor in clear way, but most of the case&amp;nbsp;it does not happen for various reasons. Change resistance, trust&amp;nbsp;deficiency&amp;nbsp; communication management,&amp;nbsp;etc., are classical reasons and&amp;nbsp;education or orientation, integrity and confidentiality, communication methods and protocols respectively could ease such gaps.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;1.b Business Leader-to-Team:&lt;/span&gt; Apart from other key leadership attribute such as setting strategic directions, influencing, motivating,&amp;nbsp;and others, an effective leadership(say CEO) should also set communicate expectations in order to achieve business excellence.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Must be able lead entire organization to meet up to the expectations without ambiguity in context and content of communication.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;It is important that vision, mission, or goals or code of conduct or similar expectations should&amp;nbsp;percolate&amp;nbsp;from top management&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;down to lower functionary(applies also to supervisor to craftsman) as per their functional capacity.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;1.c. Roles and Responsibility:&lt;/span&gt; Most often high attrition rate, non-performance, blame-culture is because of mismatch of understanding&amp;nbsp;wrong communication or competency mismatch of roles and responsibility(wrong people aboard). Team members generally are evaluated&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;on their skill sets and staffed in a project, but it is also fairly important to take their confidence for demanding role play and&amp;nbsp;during appraisal re-clarify the roles and responsibility and nearness in&amp;nbsp;fulfilling&amp;nbsp;such expectations.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;


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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeNs5QvxbV7g5SyWlScPZDzXPR7_Q4713XMDPATYD1LkTHGxydD0kkp3M6szdeB1cPr6I-jXuFY-3Irm5CuduanljxpMtMP5N7N3jgMPk_s5Vy0NqfHjXyRlkSoVs2lBD8TmOR7WHpa8Xb/s1600/guruttamadvise.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;277&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeNs5QvxbV7g5SyWlScPZDzXPR7_Q4713XMDPATYD1LkTHGxydD0kkp3M6szdeB1cPr6I-jXuFY-3Irm5CuduanljxpMtMP5N7N3jgMPk_s5Vy0NqfHjXyRlkSoVs2lBD8TmOR7WHpa8Xb/s320/guruttamadvise.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #38761d; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;2. Dream Commitment&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Ignoring marketability, legality, technicality, estimating for the sake of tallying records are few fallacies and neither customer,&amp;nbsp;nor performing team is benefited. It eventually effects book of profits (both customer and contractor), ethics, employee burnouts&amp;nbsp;and most importantly, failure in customer relation and trusts. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;We see this especially in service oriented industry where a sales or marketing team member promises prospective customer with a ball park figure (cost or time) and&amp;nbsp;wants to keep it as final promise with customer. The development team would fume and fail to understand revenue target commitments&amp;nbsp;of their marketing colleague. Other side is no exception either, there is no point in delivering a product when marketing team have&amp;nbsp;missed the bus(did not make up in least time-to-market) or product life cycle analysis or life cycle cost analysis was messed up.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Few thumb rules to check&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;capability and market analysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;requirements management&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;avoid gold plating&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;see customer&#39;s problem not just customer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;say yes or no with merit of the problem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;color: #0b5394; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;3. Quality a Spare&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Loosely defined, &lt;i&gt;quality is controlling of defects and an assurance of developed product(or results) usability&lt;/i&gt;. &amp;nbsp;Some business stakeholders see quality as a spare to be used when required. In information technology for example,&amp;nbsp;when developer says testing or documentation correctness is not my function but is a duty of tester, it just boomerangs.&amp;nbsp;Documentation and review is also part of quality process, but one can witness the team filling documents for audit requirements&amp;nbsp;only after development but not as a part of their development. In worst cases, the auditor himself documents for the developer.&amp;nbsp;The reason cited is &quot;no time&quot;, &quot;who is going to read it&quot;,&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&quot;unplanned customer meeting today&quot;, &quot;customer wants product not document&quot;.&amp;nbsp;More shocking when higher authorities prefer to be at odds non-supportive on quality citing project release dates not realizing&amp;nbsp;importance of cost of quality. This reality prevails in others industry with a different label(designer vs. architect vs. customer).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;The trend happening - agile over water fall practice, is not because of quality, but because of mindset. Storyboard replacing&amp;nbsp;Requirements documents, guess is another communication tool/format rather than quality itself. There are cases where people have started abusing agile practices with hope it is a magical wizard to deal with poor management or solve problem at hand automatically.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Escapism is no answer to brevity. Unit of work (responsibility and accountability) has to cover development, testing and assurance&amp;nbsp;upon handover at each level. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #674ea7; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;4. Assumptions&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assumption &quot;loyalty&quot; keeps everyone at comfort zone but when it is otherwise, turns out at as risks and keep stakeholders on their toes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Shall restrict to most common cases to give a thought&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming contractor would deliver as per scope on time or budget&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming customer would accept delivery without changes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming customer would honour payment schedule on time&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming customer&#39;s requirements are very well understood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming staff requested are available during actioning&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming estimates are one time planning activity&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming product features are marketable&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming pricing strategy is most attractive&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming required infrastructure are available for operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming pre-commissioning is not required because inspection satisfy as-is drawings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Assuming roles and responsibilities need no reminders&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Necessary risks management are planned to qualify those risks that emerges out of those assumptions that departed from its statusquo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;5. Monotony&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;William Cowper(1731-1800) said &quot;Variety&#39;s the very spice of life...&quot; , taking cue we add &quot;void variety, life is static and stale&quot;.&amp;nbsp;This applies even to businesses and business functions as it cannot be stale or static unless forced to be so.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Recent management practices like agile are buzz words in information technology and non adopters are evaluating on feasibility&amp;nbsp;to switch from conventional practices. &amp;nbsp;This does not mean we are ruling out what is effectively working for us. A good thing&amp;nbsp;today may not be good thing tomorrow because of change (optimism in pessimism !).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Agility to change, creative to innovate, are trends of modern management principles. Change factors are mostly environmental(circumstance)&amp;nbsp;which drive businesses to adopt and excel to change demands. Some examples for such demands are customers, investors, vendor, workforce&amp;nbsp;and others continuously seeking excellence in value, profit, service, performance/compensation etc., respectively. Moreover, as business entities are&amp;nbsp;chiefly powered by humans, innovation to excel is a common denominator for successful business. At the lowest level an engineer&amp;nbsp;may want to learn a new technology for self growth indirectly contributing to company growth, while an investors at highest level may&amp;nbsp;seek good corporate governance for further investments or an end user may seek more utility in recent purchase than earlier product for future purchase.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Continuous evaluation of project, operations, strategic management (with stakeholders in picture) yield innovation driving away&amp;nbsp;&quot;business as usual&quot;, helping business to stay ahead in competition, service customer even better, motivate workforce and progress.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;MB, EFQM, TQM, SQM, ISO9001:2008, CMMi, Kaizen and any such international business excellence system emphasis innovation in one way or other.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/12/5-common-witnesses-to-failures.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeNs5QvxbV7g5SyWlScPZDzXPR7_Q4713XMDPATYD1LkTHGxydD0kkp3M6szdeB1cPr6I-jXuFY-3Irm5CuduanljxpMtMP5N7N3jgMPk_s5Vy0NqfHjXyRlkSoVs2lBD8TmOR7WHpa8Xb/s72-c/guruttamadvise.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-2381630830722345937</guid><pubDate>Sun, 02 Dec 2012 16:56:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-12-02T08:57:39.445-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Business Excellence</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Goals</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Mission</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Objectives</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Strategic Management</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Strategies</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Vision</category><title>Strategic Management: Goals &amp; Objectives differences</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Strategic management help organization achieve business excellence and is a continuous process seeking improvement keeping pace with ever changing environment challenges.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;It has various life cycle items that generally involves analysis, decision, formulation, implementation and evaluation. In case of threat analysis for example, it may&amp;nbsp;either negotiate, manage, or explore but with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;alignment to organizational vision&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;, mission statement, goals or objectives. Let us take a small case to understand Goals and Objectives&amp;nbsp;in Strategic management.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;1. Company Vision&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;To be the leading sports company helping&amp;nbsp;athletes&amp;nbsp;win global medals&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;2. Mission (Conduct) Statement&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #38761d;&quot;&gt;To achieve greater medal tally&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #0b5394;&quot;&gt;by setting up state level sports&amp;nbsp;franchise&amp;nbsp;with best coaching and facility&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color: #351c75;&quot;&gt;nurturing&amp;nbsp;talented&amp;nbsp;athletes&amp;nbsp;professionally&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #741b47;&quot;&gt;providing equal opportunity and on merit.&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Legend&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #38761d; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Purpose(or why this)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;, &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #0b5394; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Strategic scope(or what/how)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #351c75; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Standards(or rule/guide/policy)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #741b47; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Value(or ethics/belief)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsnftcLV4VY-tlIoIvQlRMsIjo-aYiXspg_mHEjj3-Q7Lhr5Ck5oxfLH2Ly3GP6E-hxEXE670g0Yalhb9oAPo6ESHeCJ4_f3u44s3zO2vJFQ359f5Z406y1Xamn3gtlgFChAFxwZQwom8w/s1600/ShooterGN.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsnftcLV4VY-tlIoIvQlRMsIjo-aYiXspg_mHEjj3-Q7Lhr5Ck5oxfLH2Ly3GP6E-hxEXE670g0Yalhb9oAPo6ESHeCJ4_f3u44s3zO2vJFQ359f5Z406y1Xamn3gtlgFChAFxwZQwom8w/s1600/ShooterGN.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;3. Goals: (Mostly Intangible)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;To produce good atheletes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;To offer good environment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;4. Objectives: (Tangible/Measurable)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Recruit prospective talents and educate best practices within first quarter of financial year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;For qualifying round, 100 mts running atheletes should finish not more than 8 secs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;For qualifying round, 100 mts swimming atheletes should finish not more than 2 mins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Set up indoor facility in four metros of the country with operational health and safety (OHSA) compliance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Set up technology support system for each sports with an overall budget average not exceeding $2 million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: orange; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;5. Strategies (Ways to go about/Employ/Deploy)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Marketing strategy to create awareness and resourcing of talents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Enabling strategy e.g. good coach, physio and environment for beter practice and monitoring/assesing performance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Control strategy e.g. verification and validation , project management, risks management&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Employ procurement strategy e.g best practices for equipment purchase, facility and safety set up&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Note: The mission statement (b) expands to employ (5)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Thus, Objectives are measurable achievements (think of it as milestone) covered to reach a destination for happy holidaying (goal).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/12/strategic-management-goals-objectives.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsnftcLV4VY-tlIoIvQlRMsIjo-aYiXspg_mHEjj3-Q7Lhr5Ck5oxfLH2Ly3GP6E-hxEXE670g0Yalhb9oAPo6ESHeCJ4_f3u44s3zO2vJFQ359f5Z406y1Xamn3gtlgFChAFxwZQwom8w/s72-c/ShooterGN.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-1649998877989240309</guid><pubDate>Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:18:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-11-21T02:18:26.209-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">acceptance</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Conflct Resolutions</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Conformance</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Cost of Quality</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Product Quality</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">scope management</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Testing</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Trials</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Verification and Validation</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">voice of customer</category><title>How verification and validation help project success</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Verification and validation are important aspect in any project management, later lay emphasis more on initiator side(say product owner) and former lay emphasis on&amp;nbsp;implementer&amp;nbsp;side(say contractor). Primary motive is to see that scope gaps does not exists between initiator and implementer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgYFtyxDsmBX7TVtwyowRuLMCeSBqAHRGyTyzeQ81Sabck4WsFor1zX-wR-zXYB-fMKhzjv-aTALKtDDRVru_Rmhegei64hQsxCc8G4HUqZ5yEMZKSdoue4pfoGYqG0gvZKLREzffIuXRb/s1600/guruttamVV.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;163&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgYFtyxDsmBX7TVtwyowRuLMCeSBqAHRGyTyzeQ81Sabck4WsFor1zX-wR-zXYB-fMKhzjv-aTALKtDDRVru_Rmhegei64hQsxCc8G4HUqZ5yEMZKSdoue4pfoGYqG0gvZKLREzffIuXRb/s320/guruttamVV.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Let us give a scenario of this understanding with simple purchase of an USB (a device commonly used in most of computers for&amp;nbsp;transferring&amp;nbsp;data).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;I was struggling with my new laptop which had few USB ports because, I wanted USB connection support use of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;camera , modem , keyboard, mouse, printer, disk, scanner, mobile when attached.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;My friend suggested to go for USB hub/adapter and that would solve most of my problem.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;I asked him to help me out and he bought me one.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;While purchase, he did few checks,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;a) he saw it worked at vendors machine(vendor allowed him because he was regular there)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;b) checked that the product make was from a branded company and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;c) checked if had USB 2.0/3.0(a performance specification)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;label&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;d) checked if cost, luckily it was a nice to my purse.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;I was happy that he could get me within the budget and really appreciated his verification effort.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoA1EHjX0Aix2Ti68SsKaJCGaGbiTwj97qFuZI2dwwPjVtTNvHms5mIuoM_-xaQotRhlBW7HLUki4giLF3iw7sIgOuLwHp4eHMgpjFz9m64iWdlPQHza-RZJ5nYv78SovrBRFx-qgdx0pd/s1600/usb._star-usb-hub.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;189&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoA1EHjX0Aix2Ti68SsKaJCGaGbiTwj97qFuZI2dwwPjVtTNvHms5mIuoM_-xaQotRhlBW7HLUki4giLF3iw7sIgOuLwHp4eHMgpjFz9m64iWdlPQHza-RZJ5nYv78SovrBRFx-qgdx0pd/s200/usb._star-usb-hub.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;I took this new USB hub and tried to attached near my modem USB port, surprisingly, I could not,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;because this new USB was bit larger in size and hindered with attached modem USB.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Now fitness to use was zero. Verification was perfect but Validation failed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;So I requested my friend to check for replacement and asked him if he could get me a &lt;i&gt;USB port with a wire support&lt;/i&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Luckily he got a same branded product with a wire attachment with friendly shop.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;I use it now, it is friendly and helped on my objective.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #cc0000; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Validation = Fitness To Use or (loosely termed as ) Trials on the Requirements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Verification = Satisfying Conditions or (loosely termed as) Test on the Specifications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Taking cue from Boehm (Boehm, 1979) succinctly expressed the difference between them:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Validation: Are we building the right product?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Verification: Are we building the product right?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Validation would compensate customer&#39;s requirement communication flaw (resulting in evidence of objectives being met) :-&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Flaw in our case was we did not communicate that the two USB ports we had were quite nearby and any big size USB hub may have problems to fit in.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Verification would compensate developer&#39;s product development flaw (resulting in assurance or readiness for acceptance) :- C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;hecks he made while USB purchase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;The prism figure above also depicts the same, it is not just delivery to specification is important but fitness to use is as important as delivery correctness or quality.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Once the gap reduces or lines converge(above figure, pink line, representing partial) then it implies validation is successful.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Validation Plan is necessary to have in place before even speaking with seller about requirements. Something like the following template&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;+ Realization of fitness to use through various validation models&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;+ Models (e.g piloting, pre-commissioning) to carry out trials&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;+ Establish procedure to carry out trials&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; pre: reviews, setup, training &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; trial: records, deviations, reports&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; post : reviews, change management, fitness evidence, scalablity, feedback&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;==&amp;gt; Other details : e.g. sequence, frequency, continuity, pre-requisites for trials&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;+ Organize resources&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt; people (representatives from user, client, supplier),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt; infrastructure(equipment, facilities, sites, etc.,)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt; environment(safe, secure, free/restricted, transparent, conducive, rollback, etc)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;+ Produce Specification for verification&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;+ Traceability, an important features which help tracks the product development cycle&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; i.e. from user communication of requirements up to validated product acceptance.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;In a large system, multiple verification and validation of subsystem may exists.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Scope creep as claimed by implementer or Incomplete product claim by initiator can be better negotiated and sorted out by&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;having &#39;objective analysis&#39; before initiating a project and contractors are provided a briefing/orientation session during contract clarification/awarding process.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;This concludes that verification and validation are extended assurance for&amp;nbsp;fulfilling&amp;nbsp;the product quality and objective being met for use.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;See also:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.blogspot.in/2009/08/how-to-manage-scope.html&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Managing Scope Gap&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/11/how-verification-and-validation-help.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgYFtyxDsmBX7TVtwyowRuLMCeSBqAHRGyTyzeQ81Sabck4WsFor1zX-wR-zXYB-fMKhzjv-aTALKtDDRVru_Rmhegei64hQsxCc8G4HUqZ5yEMZKSdoue4pfoGYqG0gvZKLREzffIuXRb/s72-c/guruttamVV.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-8934707607778178605</guid><pubDate>Tue, 20 Nov 2012 11:35:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-11-20T03:35:41.140-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Agile Estimation</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Delphi</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Estimate Risks</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Estimation techniques</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Good practice to employ project estimate</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Poker Card</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Stakeholder management</category><title>How Estimation help to Manage Stakeholder Expectations</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;This post will introduce about various estimation techniques (Guruttam&#39;s CDE Estimation) that is generally applied in projects management and present scenarios as how some of them if applied appropriately will help manage stakeholder expectations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Typically, project managers address questions as following while seeking improvement&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;. Were people trained to estimate scope of work&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;. Were people trained to look for risks in estimates&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;. Did we had sufficient time to estimate work&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;. How accurate was our estimates to the actuals&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;. How inaccurate was our estimates to the actuals&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;. Did we select appropriate or combination of estimation types&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;. Did we had sufficient data or basis for estimation types&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&quot;Estimates, or Forecasting&quot; are the two most used terminologies in management life cycle from project pre-start to project post-closure.&amp;nbsp;It is often used to assure in&amp;nbsp;quantitative&amp;nbsp;terms completion of future tasks or activities and also on how well those assurances were kept.&amp;nbsp;Estimate quantities are expressed in cost($), time(duration), resources(material, equipment, people) units for the scope of work. &amp;nbsp;Some may use estimates during planning and use forecasting during monitoring for the work performed and some may do &#39;re-estimates&#39;&amp;nbsp;based on &#39;forecasts&#39; data and some may forecasts during start of a phase or project to help set targets(say marketing team). &lt;i&gt;We introduce CDE (Consensus, Discounted, Engineered) estimation methods.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgYfftd6gZPHopFT7F6j242ZBT0wl8ql7VN0D5lyFbcgKdWAD7UZOQ6bohiVxDOmkhf5sbv-KuiSgPy1DvKmVX_WGSgIvHcAnB4JuQmm-2y9fZR9WzJQdfloid-27cJIMVAABYgI-IKWoF/s1600/GuruttamEstimation.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;165&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgYfftd6gZPHopFT7F6j242ZBT0wl8ql7VN0D5lyFbcgKdWAD7UZOQ6bohiVxDOmkhf5sbv-KuiSgPy1DvKmVX_WGSgIvHcAnB4JuQmm-2y9fZR9WzJQdfloid-27cJIMVAABYgI-IKWoF/s320/GuruttamEstimation.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #351c75;&quot;&gt;Discounted Estimation&lt;/span&gt; - The name discounted is because estimation has higher level of risks and mostly a top-down approach. Example, Analogous estimate where comparing similar project&amp;nbsp;implementation&amp;nbsp;or scope of work (size, cost, scope, region etc) is the norm. The advantage is quick estimate, but the major&amp;nbsp;disadvantage&amp;nbsp;is inaccuracy because of &#39;guesstimate&#39;. Another example, is marketing member to&amp;nbsp;full-fill&amp;nbsp;revenue target may under quote to get the project to the company or to impress the client at the first chat. Since it discounts finding details of scope before estimate we have named it as Discounted method. Suitable probably at initial days/stakeholder involvement of a project.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #073763;&quot;&gt;Consensus&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Estimation&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;- This is more applicable nowadays, especially in agile environment (Scrum estimation planning ) uses Poker Card for example to determine team consensus on estimate and sort out with&amp;nbsp;out-liners and improve upon the estimate. To make it simple, organization can ask estimators if it is complex, medium, small &amp;nbsp;task to do or they can represent the same complexity by sizes of a T-shirt (small, medium, large, extra large, etc). The best worst and most likely consideration takes the view of experts to get PERT average (P+4M+O)/6. Suitable mostly during planning or replanning time with stakeholders but with more room progressive planning or &#39;R and D&#39; kind of projects.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #45818e;&quot;&gt;Engineered&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Estimation&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;- This is more bottom-up approach where the scope is detailed and for each details the estimates are calculated. It could take into account parametric estimation (unit Sq.ft rate * Total Sq.ft), unit based estimation or may take help from mathematical model to arrive at a estimate value. Most cases, models, prototypes, drawings, documents, WBS(work breakdown structure) are taken as basis of detailed effort. Suitable mostly during planning or replanning time with stakeholders but with known project schedule (or&amp;nbsp;conventional projects).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH2EaQXfxojI-0zhNk87uFLYqOD6JQMdQtMwqReA4lzu1fBjU7um6diPO_VPK0b4kl15JWE2k8z7vKP3k6mrL8zqmGdYYk3aoYP9Ln41O4rKONb5gK1U3kVw7O7wleokq00k3h4j7hcEvg/s1600/GuruttamEstimation2.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;172&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH2EaQXfxojI-0zhNk87uFLYqOD6JQMdQtMwqReA4lzu1fBjU7um6diPO_VPK0b4kl15JWE2k8z7vKP3k6mrL8zqmGdYYk3aoYP9Ln41O4rKONb5gK1U3kVw7O7wleokq00k3h4j7hcEvg/s320/GuruttamEstimation2.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Importance attached to estimates depends upon stakeholder interests mapped with project type and life cycle phases.&amp;nbsp;For a more conventional scope of work, stakeholders go for analogous (comparative, top down approach) and expect less on details.&amp;nbsp;Contrary, for new scope of work they may prefer to go with consensus-based technique, an engineered ( detailed or bottom-up) approach. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;As the project progresses, the expectation of the stakeholder are set right with adjustment of error or maturity in estimates.&amp;nbsp;For example, a feasibility estimate can be employed (not as detailed) during pre start of a project and when concept and sketches&amp;nbsp;are available refined estimates gives further level of insight to stakeholders. Further down the life cycle, when detailed scope of work&amp;nbsp;are available, even more accurate estimates emerge. We can also extend the estimate accuracy by re-estimation during&amp;nbsp;monitoring of development work. However, the freedom to&amp;nbsp;exercise&amp;nbsp;such level of maturity or accuracy is often curtailed by&amp;nbsp;time constraint to announce an estimate or contract undersigned. In practical case, a buyer may want the seller to give an estimate within a &amp;nbsp;short period of request initiation. In some case a buyer may be non-negotiable from feasibility estimate taking advantage of seller&#39;s commitment and&amp;nbsp;in some cases seller may take advantage of buyer trust and ignorance (learning&amp;nbsp;professional ethics becomes necessary). Some stakeholder&amp;nbsp;allow compensation with time but not costs or vice versa. Likewise there are several cases where stakeholder take best help of estimation information. Also in a project manager(as a stakeholder) perspective it is about providing those estimates to the right people, at right time, with basis of estimates and&amp;nbsp;pro-actively&amp;nbsp;negotiate/ inform in case of adverse scenarios.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Discounted Estimation : Initial stakeholders may use this. For example, an investor or operations manager who may investigate as what it would cost to have mobile web but may not want to go into details of mobile technology.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Consensus Estimation :&amp;nbsp;Planning and development, delivery&amp;nbsp;stakeholders may use this. For example, a product owner, human resource manager, business manager, project manager (all part of agile team) may want planning and development cost(or time) within stipulated budget(or time) as they progressively evolve as in case of agile methodology (story board estimate etc). Estimation is often conducted at each focussed scope of work deliverable iteratively or selectively. Note, consensus estimation can be applied for non-agile project estimation also.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Engineered Estimation : Planning and Development&amp;nbsp;Stakeholders may take advantage if sufficient time is allowed for estimation for deterministic scope of work. For example, a project manager of bridge construction may develop plan in logical work sequence(excavate, pile, pathways, etc) and come up with details of each work (machine, equipment, people) and then estimate for each work item (say resource - material, equipment, people) in cost/time units. Note, engineering estimation can be used in agile projects also.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;One has to remember that estimates are estimates (a thought process to reduce the risks in guesses) and estimators do not get carried away by pure statistics, ultimately humans have to perform not data. At the same time have estimation process in place or estimation department&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;(a.k.a. quantity surveyors)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;who can help all projects teams. Most of the project fail because of one of the main reason is poor estimate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/11/how-estimation-help-to-manage.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgYfftd6gZPHopFT7F6j242ZBT0wl8ql7VN0D5lyFbcgKdWAD7UZOQ6bohiVxDOmkhf5sbv-KuiSgPy1DvKmVX_WGSgIvHcAnB4JuQmm-2y9fZR9WzJQdfloid-27cJIMVAABYgI-IKWoF/s72-c/GuruttamEstimation.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-6123807958914436074</guid><pubDate>Wed, 14 Nov 2012 13:30:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-11-14T05:32:52.608-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">change management</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">How To Prioritize requirements</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">normalized ranking</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">project scope</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Requirement Prioritization</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Rolling-wave plan and Roll-out plan</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Source of Scope Change</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">SOW</category><title>How to excel in project scope management</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Project Scope Management is the most fundamental of all topics in project management as it motivates businesses to qualify or categorize those projects as very complex, medium, or simple to deliver or integrate. Processes to simplify scope management has always been a challenge to management gurus. This article focuses on possible roles and skills for successful project scope management with general process&amp;nbsp;introduction with a scenario.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #999999;&quot;&gt;See Also:&amp;nbsp;Prioritizing Requirements :&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2009/11/how-to-prioritize-requirements.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Archive Blog 1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;, &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2009/09/requirement-prioritization.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Archive Blog 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;To illustrate, a scope management process may include, voice of customer(VOC), defining business requirements, &amp;nbsp;mapping technical requirements, build deliverables as per the scope, verify and validate the product against the defined scope.&amp;nbsp;Most of this management area fail due to abstract nature or not ventured or information overload or very less takers to&amp;nbsp;implement&amp;nbsp;it, some even argue&amp;nbsp;that &quot;perfect scope management plans&quot; is a myth in reality.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRCrpqqWjRbYS4pS6jt5sX8YfHYTmJ77qzipdN-VwPkEr_rhrYN4wiU8PG-qroRE2mavQGnWbPTu1zW3J4iG-e7iiDH21lao_pirv9cX17coZyj2t6ndCxf-qL3jLOXEcT0LIZdVOKMc5M/s1600/scopelifecycle.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;162&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRCrpqqWjRbYS4pS6jt5sX8YfHYTmJ77qzipdN-VwPkEr_rhrYN4wiU8PG-qroRE2mavQGnWbPTu1zW3J4iG-e7iiDH21lao_pirv9cX17coZyj2t6ndCxf-qL3jLOXEcT0LIZdVOKMc5M/s320/scopelifecycle.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Let us cite a legacy system to ERP suite migration / adoption project (e.g.&amp;nbsp;reports module having&amp;nbsp;product mix, department expense, resource usage etc), most case at least hundreds of reports would exists in the legacy system. ERP suite may have built-in generic reports that may&amp;nbsp;full fill&amp;nbsp;some or most of those legacy reports. A&amp;nbsp;collaborative&amp;nbsp;gap-analysis or agile methods can be applied to estimate the effort or scope of customization requirements of such reports.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;1. Initiate Role: Vision over View&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;A member of scope planning needs to have &#39;vision over view&#39;, taking cue from above scenario, the client project manager or client IT manager may same set of hundreds of reports, however, the ERP suite implementation manager may observe how they are used, where it is used , apply MoSCoW (Must, Should, Could, Wont requirements) or Normalized Ranking prioritization methods and produce an understanding document (say gap analysis) with the client and recommend benefits of ERP suite covering those report needs/information available in a lesser numbers of reports. &amp;nbsp;So the team or managers involving in scope management need to first have vision of needs rather than counts. Generally, this vision is set by applying following methods (not limited to it) data collection techniques,&amp;nbsp;brainstorming&amp;nbsp;, observation, &amp;nbsp;prototypes, traceability, etc, and&amp;nbsp;make all attempts to establish synergy in understanding to&amp;nbsp;finalize or define scope requirements. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;2. Manifest Role: In-line over variance&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Making all efforts to implement scope definition as per vision (plan) and keeping tab on variances. &amp;nbsp;This may be possible through one or more following&amp;nbsp;conventional&amp;nbsp;organization processes or agile methods &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;a) setting up monitoring and control process&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;b)&amp;nbsp;verify and validate implementation&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;c)&amp;nbsp;periodical&amp;nbsp;re-clarification/reminder&amp;nbsp;of roles and responsibility of contractor or developer or consultant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;d) identifying constraints and resolving it to have minimal or permitted&amp;nbsp;variance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;e) variance analysis or control methods(say corrective or preventive actions) should be in line with vision.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Again taking cue from the previous scenario, making standards reports available for the client in ERP suite (along with customization) migration should be the priority with minimal or allowed variance.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;3. Benefit Role: Excel and Evolve&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;The delivered result or product for the scope is tested before it is accepted, piloted for production run in parts or whole and finally rolled out in production. This result is observed over period of time to check on excellence (to be more&amp;nbsp;practical) than perfection on a benefit scale.&amp;nbsp;The shortfall would mean to excel through continuous&amp;nbsp;improvements process while perfection is too optimistic stand that is generally short-lived in ever changing business scope and scenario. In the above migration scenario, a transition of know-how would make any new business scope change implementation to be easily doable (as a benefit) by the client himself rather than to rely upon contractor for further support. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;So we conclude that a product scope vision, good manifestation, and evolving benefits are some roles or skills that help in&amp;nbsp;successful&amp;nbsp;management of scope.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/11/how-to-excel-in-project-scope-management.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRCrpqqWjRbYS4pS6jt5sX8YfHYTmJ77qzipdN-VwPkEr_rhrYN4wiU8PG-qroRE2mavQGnWbPTu1zW3J4iG-e7iiDH21lao_pirv9cX17coZyj2t6ndCxf-qL3jLOXEcT0LIZdVOKMc5M/s72-c/scopelifecycle.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-7693943363746379746</guid><pubDate>Fri, 26 Oct 2012 13:43:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-10-26T18:27:54.815-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Agile</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Force field analysis</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Influence Maps</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Leading Change</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Project Manager Role</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Resource Utilization</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Stakeholder Analysis</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Stakeholder management</category><title>How to Manage Project Stakeholders</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Guruttam defines Stakeholder as people
or entity involved in a project who set tangible or intangible expectations mostly
impacting deliverables during some or all part of project life cycle.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;The stakeholder management of a project would be to identify, engage, manage and disengage stakeholders during project life cycle and can be considered as an example of &lt;i&gt;force-field analysis&lt;/i&gt;. Related tools can be &lt;i&gt;Influence maps&lt;/i&gt;(our solution below is an improvement to this), &lt;i&gt;Power-Interest grid&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;for stakeholder prioritization and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #505050; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;John Kotter -&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #505050; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&#39;8 steps to lead change&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #505050; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Let us give few examples of stakeholders setting expectations
e.g. benefits or comfort levels etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Buyer or owner - Mission profits, quality, technology advantage, value, social cause etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Contractor&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;	&lt;/span&gt;- Service profits, proof of capability etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Investor &lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;	&lt;/span&gt;- Return on Investment, IRR, NPV etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Employee&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;	&lt;/span&gt;- Opportunity, safety, recognition, work-life-balance etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Departments- Target to achieve, quality of service, etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Competitor&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;	&lt;/span&gt;- Market, segment, positioning, pricing, offers etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Others&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;	&lt;/span&gt;- Protection, compliance, public affairs etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Expectation factors (e.g. interest,
benefits, power, role, experience, doubt, clarity, quality, time, resource availability,
constraint resolves, assumptions etc) determine the degree of influence by stakeholder. These factors is recommended to act in the principles of Force-field analysis. The degree of influence can be either positive impact or negative impact at
various levels. These factors can be specific in nature (e.g. Sponsor looking
only on ROI not on technology) or combined (e.g. Owner checks on both profits
as well customer satisfaction) and can be discontinuous (e.g. product document member) or longer expectations (e.g. manager, customer who are there throughout life cycle) in the project. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKGrNw-7Oo1P8yWztdFixbul85tcC05GBrbSsVaBvrk3ccjbtfp01CuBMCshA4lfEquM4w5dQ0iFc52f8JXiu0g6qrnbD93eGwUr0MW_Io4DPhAs_moYRZ_GebOdEVjDTnYo-NCdn9LSYj/s1600/stakeholdermanagement.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;151&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKGrNw-7Oo1P8yWztdFixbul85tcC05GBrbSsVaBvrk3ccjbtfp01CuBMCshA4lfEquM4w5dQ0iFc52f8JXiu0g6qrnbD93eGwUr0MW_Io4DPhAs_moYRZ_GebOdEVjDTnYo-NCdn9LSYj/s320/stakeholdermanagement.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Stakeholders are identified
during various stages of project lifecycle. In the diagram, a &lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;‘Smiley-Face’&lt;/i&gt; indicates various
identified stakeholders in the project.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Please note that general resource-curve graph or staff-histogram(ramp-up or ramp-down) is only a schedule resource planning and not wholly a stakeholder management, however it is very much used in stakeholder identification.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Also, when a smiley-face is far from &lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;central horizontal line&lt;/i&gt;, they cause more
impact or influences while those nearer is likely to cause less impact or influence.
The &lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;size&lt;/i&gt; of smiley-face varies and if
it is bigger it means more support or complex to manage while if it is smaller in
size, it indicates lesser support or complexity to manage, example, burn-down
chart within agile/scrum team or red-amber-green status dashboard. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;The engagement is represented as ‘&lt;i&gt;Thread&lt;/i&gt;’ (indicated
by double headed curve lines) example, everyday standing meeting in agile/scrum
model. Engagement thread is taken off when disengaging with respective stakeholder
as situation demands. Smiley-face can swing with threads attached to it as project
progresses; indicating same stakeholder may cause different degree of impact
and management emphasis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Advantage of using is it gives a life cycle integrated view of stakeholder management.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/10/how-to-manage-project-stakeholders.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKGrNw-7Oo1P8yWztdFixbul85tcC05GBrbSsVaBvrk3ccjbtfp01CuBMCshA4lfEquM4w5dQ0iFc52f8JXiu0g6qrnbD93eGwUr0MW_Io4DPhAs_moYRZ_GebOdEVjDTnYo-NCdn9LSYj/s72-c/stakeholdermanagement.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-3653035542889418435</guid><pubDate>Sun, 21 Oct 2012 07:39:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-10-21T02:21:58.347-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Agile</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Assumptions and Risks</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Budgeting</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Buyer Seller Relations</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">COGQ</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">COPQ</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">COQ</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Cost of Quality</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">CWBS</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Estimation techniques</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Lean</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Project Appraisal</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Project Constraint</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Requirement Prioritization</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Stakeholder</category><title>How Cost of Quality help Project Management</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;samplearea&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #38761d;&quot;&gt;Guruttam defines Project Management as a &quot;control strategy&quot; employed by higher authority to realize defined objectives within given constraint.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt; So if the project realizes objectives within defined constraint, it means we have conformance. Any non-conformance is a poor show and is due to internal / external failures. Conversly, any conformance is realization of objective and is due to internal / external success. Retrospection of such internal/external factors is essential.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 4px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 4px; font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12px;&quot;&gt;The price of nonconformance (Philip Crosby) or the cost of poor quality (Joseph Juran), the term &#39;Cost of Quality&#39;, refers to the costs associated with providing poor quality product or service.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&quot;. &quot;In&amp;nbsp;process improvement&amp;nbsp;efforts,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_costs&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Quality costs&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;nbsp;or&amp;nbsp;cost of quality&amp;nbsp;is a means to quantify the total cost of&amp;nbsp;quality-related efforts and deficiencies. It was first described by&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_V._Feigenbaum&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Armand V. Feigenbaum&quot;&gt;Armand V. Feigenbaum&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;in a 1956&amp;nbsp;Harvard Business Review&amp;nbsp;article.&quot; Also&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://asq.org/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ASQ&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;states, &quot; T&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;he &quot;cost of quality&quot; isn&#39;t the price of creating a quality product or service. It&#39;s the cost of NOT creating a quality product or service&quot; .&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;It is looks like we have many management (traditional, agile, lean, etc) speak about Cost Of Quality(COQ) and each of them puts COQ it has to offer in different perspective. E.g Traditional management talks more on efficient management, Agile talks on better productivity = less management, Lean talks about remove waste in terms of do just what is adding value and so forth.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDS2YDdr9MeeCCsDNlc-qKggn8PkpoMsLc_nSQyTFtFaZsACHrochD7QUfovO5QJnGRHAerlGK1E1Z8GzM8R31TTCKodtJIj7aDEAoHFeYjKLiHkk8K8Ith593ruwtosE80z6hYfX3hrfC/s1600/guruttam-coq.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;268&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDS2YDdr9MeeCCsDNlc-qKggn8PkpoMsLc_nSQyTFtFaZsACHrochD7QUfovO5QJnGRHAerlGK1E1Z8GzM8R31TTCKodtJIj7aDEAoHFeYjKLiHkk8K8Ith593ruwtosE80z6hYfX3hrfC/s320/guruttam-coq.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Here is a picture of cost of quality for sample project A and project B . Let us assume any industry or house hold projects like Furniture and Fixtures or Software product or Concrete Roofing. Consider Project A is inner circle and Project B is outer circle.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;We see&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Cost of Quality=Prevention+Appraisal+Failure&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;While Prevention and Appraisal is seen a Cost of Good quality(COGQ), Failure is seen as Cost of Poor quality(COPQ). Examples are Rework, Scrap, reprocess, warranties, sorting etc that surfaces above while setup, expediting, scheduling constraints, higher risk, &amp;nbsp;time-value-money, buffers, overheads, lost sales, customer switch loyality, morale loss, expediting etc. exists which are not visible unless further analyzed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;In the comparative(project A, project B) doughnut picture above, we see almost near Prevention cost(25%,28%) and high differential Appraisal cost(40%,68%) leading to high differential Failure cost (32%,7%). If we assume it is a &quot;software&quot; project management we can equate to tradition waterfall vs agile management or if we assume as &quot;concrete roofing&quot; we can assume manual roofing vs mixture roofing. It gives a picture the Project B has put to more Appraisal effort (related cost) resulting in a capacity to save 81% of failures.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Helvetica Neue&#39;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1ny9VCIMcy0UhQZTe9UH1kPrHlL6C5r-CDOS_6OJaaGi9Sy5rkmU_KcQ6ieCS82cD8qx1Q7OCyIMGmvFVpECHLT319zmvYCqoY9NkZdns4GKpAyEczWk8hktiANS05Iw3h3ytKqU1IlTR/s1600/guruttam-coq1.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;185&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1ny9VCIMcy0UhQZTe9UH1kPrHlL6C5r-CDOS_6OJaaGi9Sy5rkmU_KcQ6ieCS82cD8qx1Q7OCyIMGmvFVpECHLT319zmvYCqoY9NkZdns4GKpAyEczWk8hktiANS05Iw3h3ytKqU1IlTR/s320/guruttam-coq1.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;If the budget planned is &lt;u&gt;100000&lt;/u&gt;, the estimated or COQ ratio&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;proportion&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;between two project A and B is shown. The derivation can be either treated as &#39;top-down&#39; or analogous or budget estimates and apportion it in these ratios or go by effort driven schedule (bottom-up or engineered estimate) and arrive at cost as shown in the next table.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;We will assume it is simple software estimates or performance data for demo purpose.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Table - COQ - Apportion of cost/effort&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;style type=&quot;text/css&quot;&gt;table.tableizer-table{border:1px solid #ccc;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;}.tableizer-table td{padding:1px;margin:1px;border:1px solid #ccc}.tableizer-table th{background-color:#104e8b;color:#fff;font-weight:bold}&lt;/style&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;tableizer-table&quot;&gt;
&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr class=&quot;tableizer-firstrow&quot;&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #d0e0e3; color: blue; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;COQ Items&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #d0e0e3; color: blue; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Project A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #d0e0e3; color: blue; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Project B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #d0e0e3; color: blue; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Effort A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #d0e0e3; color: blue; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Effort B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #d0e0e3; color: blue; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Diff %&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #d0e0e3; color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Comments(A-project A, B-Project B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Prevention&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Functional Training&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;5000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;10000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;5%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;10%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;-100&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;More scope definition effort-in-B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Build Training&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Assume equally qualified&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Process Training&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;9000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;9%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;78&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;More process learning points-in-A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;QC Training&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;5000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;5%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;-150&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;More role orientation-in-B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;User Training&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;10000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;10%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;More handover effort-in-A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Appraisal&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Build and Test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;15000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;50000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;15%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;-233&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Shared stakeholder responsibility-in-B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;QA Test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;15000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;5000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;15%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;5%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;67&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;More External stakeholder testing-in-A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Acceptance Test&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;10000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;10%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;More External stakeholder testing-in-A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Failure&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Rework&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;15000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;15%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;87&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Change updates-in-A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Support&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;7000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;7%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;71&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Added demand need for rework-in-A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Testing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;10000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;10%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;Lag time for assurance-in-A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #38761d; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;100000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #38761d; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;84000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #38761d; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;100%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #38761d; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;84%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Statistical Observations are&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Failure cost for Project A is 32000 while Project B is 6000 which implies that Project B has 81% less failures or 81% conformance.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;It may mean customer is happy(more business likely) about the quality of supply(product quality), productivity is high(agile), doing only value job(lean).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Cost of appraisal to cost of failure is 20% in Project A while 89% in Project B, that indicates increase in appraisal effort has direct control on on failures.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;COGQ over COPQ is 53% in Project A(which mean all good efforts are almost failing) while 92% in Project B (which mean substantial gain) to control failures.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Overall 16% savings in the budget planned&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Additional observations are&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Functional knowledge help define technical requirements better in project B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;More process is complex understanding of it is consuming time in project A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Buyer is trained about deliverable and kept in the loop continuously in project B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Buyer expectations are managed by involving during appraisal in project B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Buyer acceptance are part of build/development in project B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Comparatively mature delivery - least change requests after handover&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;samplearea&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/10/how-cost-of-quality-help-project.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDS2YDdr9MeeCCsDNlc-qKggn8PkpoMsLc_nSQyTFtFaZsACHrochD7QUfovO5QJnGRHAerlGK1E1Z8GzM8R31TTCKodtJIj7aDEAoHFeYjKLiHkk8K8Ith593ruwtosE80z6hYfX3hrfC/s72-c/guruttam-coq.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-3611375821790346724</guid><pubDate>Wed, 17 Oct 2012 10:16:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-10-17T03:16:47.861-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">ALE</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Cause and effect</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">FMEA</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Ishikawa diagram</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Qualitative risks Analysis</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Quantitative risks analysis</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">SLE</category><title>Important risks and quality analysis tool</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Have you one of those team manager who had least time to plan risks but compensated with few familiar risks to submit during a kickoff meet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Have you one of those team member with tight&amp;nbsp;schedule&amp;nbsp;delivery constraint who is asked to comply with &amp;nbsp;documents and you borrow from previous project works and change few things here and there. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Have you one of the quality team member who had least time to understand as why you have been ignored because you are asking too many question &amp;nbsp;to the development team.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Have you one of those purchase team member where you get to many escalation emails for not delivering those computers to the development team and you try to call your vendor but he is not picking the phone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Well these are common scenarios which we see in most of the projects (especially in information technology) and more often includes a &#39;blame-game&#39; strategy. The whole missing point is templates drive us crazy (most often, beautiful to create but difficult to manage integrated). You maintain different templates for risks failure scenarios and quality fact findings on defects. Each treatment to the problem are in silo that often takes us only to the result of &#39;filling the data&#39;. &amp;nbsp;We end up doing duplicate or redundant jobs and ultimately the motivation for ensuring risks management and quality management suffers.&amp;nbsp;Well let us check with a combined way of Proactive planning (risks planning) and Investigation (cause-effect) help us better do things.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: left; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGtNPOOBrTEWfpKYWcoDo95LRmGSOAwSjLhgV3JPvD0G-6v_E7X3Lk6qc92CBCqC413JcFIPJc8_Lg6J1cwXuAIrxjKQ45mHwrW3mPFksldjGbaFelt_BlaOwH1xgvJUWHrhrzCfZOeimg/s1600/RisksGuide.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;211&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGtNPOOBrTEWfpKYWcoDo95LRmGSOAwSjLhgV3JPvD0G-6v_E7X3Lk6qc92CBCqC413JcFIPJc8_Lg6J1cwXuAIrxjKQ45mHwrW3mPFksldjGbaFelt_BlaOwH1xgvJUWHrhrzCfZOeimg/s320/RisksGuide.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;FMEA and Cause Effect Analysis&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is most often used tool to check on risks in a project and Cause-Effect diagram (also called as, Fishbone, Ishikawa diagram) is mostly used as identification tool in quality management.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the picture we try to combine these two to convey that cause of problem are probable candidate risks items for next project or phase. We try to project few case scenarios as how one could use this combined along with possible solution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #cc0000;&quot;&gt;Scenario 1: &amp;nbsp;Delay in computers supply&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #990000;&quot;&gt;Investigation Approach -
  Quality&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Effect:
 
 
  Vendor
  stops further computer supplies due to non payments&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Cause:
 
 
  Method -
  Cheque payment by courier (possible consignment delay)&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Proactive Approach - Risks&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Failure: Computers
  non-availability&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Mode:
 
 
  Method -
  Cheque payment by courier (possible consignment delay)&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Effect:
 
 
  Chain
  effect on departmental functions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;Solution:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Qualify:
  Low threat&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Quantify: $50/day.&amp;nbsp;Single Loss Expectancy
  (SLE)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Priority: Medium&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Action-Log:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Now&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
  &lt;/span&gt;- Integrated e-Payment, supply chain system&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Past&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;
  &lt;/span&gt;- Close followup with courier company&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Status: Planned &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Scenario 2: &amp;nbsp;Absentism&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #990000;&quot;&gt;Investigation Approach - Quality&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Effect: Human relationship and productivity &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Cause: Environment - Poor maintenance of safety and security installations or facility&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Proactive Approach - Risks&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Failure: People unwilling to work in night hours&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Mode: Environment - Poor maintenance of safety and security installations or facility &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Effect: Human relationship and productivity&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;Solution:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Qualify: High threat , Continuous&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Quantify: $150K/year. Annual Loss Expectancy (ALE)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Priority: High&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Action-Log:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Now - Security Camera, Sponsored Cab, Subsidised dinner&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Past - Manual Identification&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Status: Review Complete&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;Scenario 3: &amp;nbsp;Shipped product rejection&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #990000;&quot;&gt;Investigation Approach - Quality&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Effect: Low sales&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Cause: Material - Defective design, Manpower - Improper motivation&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Proactive Approach - Risks&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Failure: Defective product feature&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Mode: Material - Defective design, Manpower - Improper motivation&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Effect: Low sales, Low Productivity&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;Solution:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Qualify: High threat , Random&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Quantify: $80K/year. Annual Loss Expectancy (ALE)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Priority: Medium-To-High&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Action-Log:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Now - Also automated defect deduction process, HR Policy&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Past - Manual defect identification process only&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Status: Implemented Successfully&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thus instead of having a separate templates and investigate on the problem areas, we try to have a combined perspective that is easy to analyze and maintain.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/10/important-risks-and-quality-analysis.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGtNPOOBrTEWfpKYWcoDo95LRmGSOAwSjLhgV3JPvD0G-6v_E7X3Lk6qc92CBCqC413JcFIPJc8_Lg6J1cwXuAIrxjKQ45mHwrW3mPFksldjGbaFelt_BlaOwH1xgvJUWHrhrzCfZOeimg/s72-c/RisksGuide.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-7000721473886406380</guid><pubDate>Mon, 15 Oct 2012 17:05:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-10-15T10:05:48.023-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Advantages Of Critical Chain Scheduling</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Agile</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Backlogs</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Burndown chart</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">CCPM</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">CPM</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Fever chart</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">PMP</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Progressive planning</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Scrum</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Story points</category><title>CPM , CCPM and Agile - Commonality and Difference</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Project management practices are no exceptions to&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;projection and stereotyping. &amp;nbsp;Project environment most often dictates the engagement model. We have to see it on case to case basis that best fits to a particular type of project. &amp;nbsp;The line of business usually helps to take a particular choice of practice (Agile, Kanban or conventional project management, etc). &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Just as two kind of traveller would differ in the way of route planning - &amp;nbsp;a &#39;continental tour&#39; planning is done well in advance while a &#39;trekking tour&#39; plan is chartered based on the conditions that exists on that moment or day(stormy or pleasant weather), let us forget about the tent size!.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More often specific comparison are made on Critical Path method (CPM) with&amp;nbsp;Critical Chaining Project Management(CCPM) and CCPM with Agile Project Management.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Generally,&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;CPM is thought of as a &#39;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #134f5c;&quot;&gt;Clinical&#39;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;planning while Agile is thought of as &#39;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #741b47;&quot;&gt;Discovery&lt;/span&gt;&#39; planning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here are few observations(not an exhaustive list) as a starter for idea mapping&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some common meeting point:&lt;br /&gt;
CPM - CCPM : Planning (e.g. both reasonably have standard/well defined path )&lt;br /&gt;
CCPM - Agile/Scrum : Resource importance&lt;br /&gt;
CCPM - Agile/Scrum : Controls(e.g. fever charts, burn down charts, better change management )&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some diverse views :&lt;br /&gt;
CPM vs CCPM : Execution time (Less vs more path change)&lt;br /&gt;
CPM/CCPM vs Agile/Scrum (standard path vs adaptive/progressive path)&lt;br /&gt;
CPM vs Agile/Scrum/CCPM (secondary risks vs risks mitigation)&lt;br /&gt;
Agile vs CCPM : Different techniques or methods used for estimation&lt;br /&gt;
CPM vs CCPM vs Scrum : Priority (Zero/Negative Float vs&amp;nbsp;Critical&amp;nbsp;Resource/Buffers vs Story Points/Logs)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Best of decision comes as said earlier based on line of business and in any organization the PMO (Project Management Office) guides through the selection of project management approach or practice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/10/cpm-ccpm-and-agile-commonality-and.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-4274314736764725725</guid><pubDate>Fri, 12 Oct 2012 15:37:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-10-12T08:37:40.581-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Beta distribution</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">CPM</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">critical path</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Normal distribution</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">PERT</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Planning Schedule</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Z-score</category><title>How to check failures in a schedule</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How to check failures in schedule?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most important factor is how confident are we on a schedule after team member have submitted for review and what degree of variations, and possibilities of finishing earlier or later exits.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In this we scope to probability distribution aspect of schedule. The next paragraph is the scenario and 18 questions (except first one..just a introductory one) are based upon the scenario. We have considered three critical task only for simplicity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assume a recruitment project is planned for 40 days. Project manager has identified&lt;br /&gt;
three critical tasks duration&amp;nbsp;(with Optimisitc(O), Most Likely(M), Pessimistic(P))&amp;nbsp;as listed below&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;SOURCING(3,6,9) --&amp;gt; SELECTION(4,12,16) --&amp;gt; ONBOARD(12,16,36)&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. As a novice planner, which estimate you are likely to choose to approximate project duration?&lt;br /&gt;
Pessimistic&lt;br /&gt;
Mostlikely&lt;br /&gt;
Optimistic&lt;br /&gt;
Monte Carlo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. As a ideal planner, what is the expected or earliest possible completion of the project given critical task scenario as above?&lt;br /&gt;
20&lt;br /&gt;
35&lt;br /&gt;
36&lt;br /&gt;
56&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. How many beta distribution exist amongs the critical tasks?&lt;br /&gt;
0&lt;br /&gt;
2&lt;br /&gt;
3&lt;br /&gt;
4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4. How many left skew (distribution bias or deviation from mean) exists?&lt;br /&gt;
0&lt;br /&gt;
1&lt;br /&gt;
2&lt;br /&gt;
3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5. When most likely estimates are not equal to expected(mean) value it is a ?&lt;br /&gt;
Log distribution&lt;br /&gt;
Normal distribution&lt;br /&gt;
Beta distribution&lt;br /&gt;
Abnormal distribution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
6. A normal distribution is diagramatically represented as ?&lt;br /&gt;
Normal Curve&lt;br /&gt;
S-Curve&lt;br /&gt;
P-Curve&lt;br /&gt;
Bell curve&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
7. The ____ of critical tasks of the network path is a normal distribution .&lt;br /&gt;
Sum&lt;br /&gt;
Average&lt;br /&gt;
Product&lt;br /&gt;
Square&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8. What is the total distribution variance for the critical tasks(SOURCING, SELECTION, ONBOARD) ?&lt;br /&gt;
1.00&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.00&lt;br /&gt;
16.00&lt;br /&gt;
21.00&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
9. &amp;nbsp;What is the Standard Deviation(stdev) for the total distribution?&lt;br /&gt;
1.00&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
2.00&lt;br /&gt;
4.00&lt;br /&gt;
4.58&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
10. What is the project duration estimate for a 50% probability completion?&lt;br /&gt;
61&lt;br /&gt;
40&lt;br /&gt;
36&lt;br /&gt;
20&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
11. What is the project duration estimate for a 68% chance or .68 probability completion?&lt;br /&gt;
36.00 &amp;nbsp; 40.00&lt;br /&gt;
31.42&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;40.58&lt;br /&gt;
26.83&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;45.17&lt;br /&gt;
22.25&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;49.75&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
12. What is the project duration estimate for a 95% chance or .95 probability completion?&lt;br /&gt;
36.00&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;40.00&lt;br /&gt;
31.42&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;40.58&lt;br /&gt;
26.83&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;45.17&lt;br /&gt;
22.25&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;49.75&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
13. What is the project duration estimate for a 99% chance or .99 probability completion?&lt;br /&gt;
36.00&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;40.00&lt;br /&gt;
31.42&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;40.58&lt;br /&gt;
26.83&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;45.17&lt;br /&gt;
22.25&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;49.75&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
14. What is the project duration estimate for a 34% chance or .34 probability completion?&lt;br /&gt;
36.00&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;40.00&lt;br /&gt;
31.42&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;40.58&lt;br /&gt;
26.83&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;45.17&lt;br /&gt;
22.25&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;49.75&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
15. What is the project duration estimate for a 47.5% chance or .475 probability completion?&lt;br /&gt;
36.00&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;40.00&lt;br /&gt;
31.42&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;40.58&lt;br /&gt;
26.83&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;45.17&lt;br /&gt;
22.25&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;49.75&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
16. What is the project duration estimate for a 13.5% chance or .135 probability completion?&lt;br /&gt;
36.00&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;40.00&lt;br /&gt;
31.42&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;40.58&lt;br /&gt;
26.83&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;31.42 or 40.58 &amp;nbsp;45.17&lt;br /&gt;
22.25&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;36.00 or 36.00 &amp;nbsp;49.75&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
17. What is the project duration estimate for a 0.5% chance or .005 probability completion?&lt;br /&gt;
36.00&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;40.00&lt;br /&gt;
31.42&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;40.58&lt;br /&gt;
26.83&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;45.17&lt;br /&gt;
22.25&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;49.75&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
18. &amp;nbsp;Z score - area under the normal distribution or bell curve uses ?&lt;br /&gt;
average&lt;br /&gt;
stdev&lt;br /&gt;
sqrt(variance)&lt;br /&gt;
X-Mean/Stdev&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;ANSWERS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 1 : Mostlikely as it would be a balanced scenario in which task is expected to complete. Montecarlo is a tool&lt;br /&gt;
which may be avoided when estimates are demanded on the fly.&lt;br /&gt;
2. Ans: 36: It is (P+4M+O)/6 or expected duration or mean or (19+4*34+61)/6.&lt;br /&gt;
Where P is sum(3+4+12=19) of all Pessimistic duration value. Likewise Optimistic and Mostlikely.&lt;br /&gt;
3. Ans: 2, If the result equals most-likely then it is normal distribution.&lt;br /&gt;
In our case SOURCING = 3+4*6+9/6 = 6 which is a normal distrbution, while,&lt;br /&gt;
SELECTION = 4+4*12+16/6 = 11.33 and ONBOARD = 18.67 are beta distribution.&lt;br /&gt;
4. Ans: 2, apply (P+4M+O)/6, SELECTION = 11.33 &amp;lt; 12(most-likely), which is a left skewed while ONBOARD = 18.67 &amp;gt; 16&lt;br /&gt;
so right skewed. However, SOURCING = 6 equals most likely estimate and is not skewed(no deviation) or normal distribution.&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 5: 3, SELECTION = 11.33 not equal to 12(most-likely), ONBOARD = 18.67 not equal to 16 (most-likely) are examples of Beta&lt;br /&gt;
distribution&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 6: 4, Bell curve is an example representation of &amp;nbsp;normal distribution. Using(P+4M+O)/6, SOURCING = 6(expected) equal most-likely(6).&lt;br /&gt;
and mean(center) from two extremes (pessimistic-3 and optimistic-9)&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 7: 1. Sum of individual(SOURCING, SELECTION, ONBOARD) critical tasks expected duration equals Mean in a probability distribution&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 8: 4. Sum of individual(SOURCING, SELECTION, ONBOARD) critical tasks variance equals variance in a probability distribution&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 9: 4. stddev = sqrt(Total Variance) = sqrt(21.00) &lt;br /&gt;
Ans 10: 3. The mean of normal probability distribution is sum of(SOURCING, SELECTION, ONBOARD) beta distribution = 6.00 + 11.33 + 18.67 = 36&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 11: 2. Mean-sigma*stdev, Mean+sigma*stdev = 36-1*4.58 = 31.42, 36+1*4.58 = 40.58, here stddev = 1sigma for 68% confidence of completion.&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 12: 3. Mean-sigma*stdev, Mean+sigma*stdev = 36-2*4.58 = 26.83, 36+2*4.58 = 45.17, here stddev = 2sigma for 95% confidence of completion.&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 13: 4. Mean-sigma*stdev, Mean+sigma*stdev = 36-3*4.58 = 22.25, 36+3*4.58 = 49.75, here stddev = 3sigma for 95% confidence of completion.&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 14: 2. Either left or right side of the 1 sigma (68%/2 = 34%).&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 15: 3. Either left or right side of the 2 sigma (95%/2 = 47.5%).&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 16: 3. Either left or right side of the 1 and 2 sigma(47.5% - 34% = 13.5%). Two possibility either between 26.83 - 31.42 or 40.58 - 45.17&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 17: 4. Either left right of 3 sigma. 0.5% completion chances are either before 22.25 or after 49.75. You may also refer to Z table&lt;br /&gt;
and round the percentage value.&lt;br /&gt;
Ans 18: 4. &amp;nbsp;X is a point left or right from Mean of a bell curve. With the given Stdev you arrive a score.&lt;br /&gt;
E.g. if X=115, Mean=100, Stdev=15, then Z =(115-100)/15 = 1.0 (right side of Mean since X &amp;gt; Mean)&lt;br /&gt;
Now, Look at the z-table(&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_normal_table&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Reference&lt;/a&gt;) for (1.0(down),0.00(down)) = 0.3413 is the z-score.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/10/how-to-check-failures-in-schedule.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-4301609844204025425</guid><pubDate>Wed, 10 Oct 2012 12:39:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-10-11T05:10:19.551-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Advantages Of Critical Chain Scheduling</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Buffers</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">CCM</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">CPM</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">critical path</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">EVM</category><title>Critical Chain vs Critical Path Method</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We try to compare here Critical Chain method with Critical Path method.&lt;br /&gt;
A brief on Introduction, Planning, Execution, Monitoring time comparison.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The below comparison is based on general assumption and have their own&lt;br /&gt;
advantages, flavor and favoritism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;CPM - Introduction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;1. Task (predecessor) sequence driven&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;2. Schedule for shortest completion time (earliest possible)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;3. Longest task sequence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;4. E.g. To go as per tasks lists/sequence&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;5. Generally plan forward by &#39;What is the output of each Task&#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;6. Best if estimates are accurate &amp;amp; resources planned exist till end&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;CCM - Introduction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1. Task (predecessor) + Resource sequence driven&lt;br /&gt;
2. Schedule for realistic completion time (both earliest or late possible) with resouce risks&lt;br /&gt;
3. Critical/Drum(multi project) Resource (availability or capacity) + Longest task sequence&lt;br /&gt;
4. E.g. Everyone needs Mr.Specialist, or Why Me for All projects!, &amp;nbsp;or Only 24hrs a day!&lt;br /&gt;
5. Plan backward by &#39;What input each Task is requiring for completion&#39;&lt;br /&gt;
6. Best if project progresses until end with Aggressive/Ambitious But Possible (ABP) estimates&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e69138;&quot;&gt;CPM - Planning&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Inflated(safety) included for each task levels&lt;br /&gt;
2.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Schedule rigidness due to biased estimates(e.g. motivational)&lt;br /&gt;
3.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Inflated estimates - Variability (can be other risks factors)&lt;br /&gt;
4.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;PERT may help reduce inflated estimate risk but not all risks&lt;br /&gt;
5.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Float -Free/Project/Total are built-in cushions available for delay&lt;br /&gt;
6.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Float deduced are based on duration of estimates in task path&lt;br /&gt;
7.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Float realized (not planned) upon network path analysis&lt;br /&gt;
8.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Float size is realized upon forward-backward pass&lt;br /&gt;
9.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Float shows - wait time, resource free time, resource negotiation&lt;br /&gt;
10.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Resource overloaded in multiple project scheduling&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e69138;&quot;&gt;CCM - Planning&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Consolidation of safety at appropriate levels&lt;br /&gt;
2.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Schedule Elasticity (staggered to synchronize, higly probable variation as buffers)&lt;br /&gt;
3.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Dissected estimate = Aggressive(ABP) range( ~50%) + &amp;nbsp;Variablility range(up to ~90%)&lt;br /&gt;
4.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Estimate flaws are consolidated(while planning)/controlled by Buffers(on risks events)&lt;br /&gt;
5.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Safety Buffers:-Feed (switching to Critical), Project(Critical), Resource(Pacing/Staggering)&lt;br /&gt;
6.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Buffers are based on resource criticality and task path&lt;br /&gt;
7.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Buffers are discretionally planned, consumed and controlled&lt;br /&gt;
8.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Buffers size(e.g. Goldratt typical way, Size FB = feeding path safety/2, PB=critical chain safety/2&lt;br /&gt;
9.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Buffer assumes 1. good knowledge about critical resources 2. floats are wasted in CPM&lt;br /&gt;
10.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Generally, resource constraint scheduling, use resource buffers for &#39;drum&#39;/multiple loading&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #6aa84f;&quot;&gt;CPM - Execution&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Critical tasks fail if planned resources are not available&lt;br /&gt;
2.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Critical path changes upon delays, prompts severe plan updates&lt;br /&gt;
3.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Only &#39;magic-wand&#39; projects can maintain planned critical path&lt;br /&gt;
4.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Non critical tasks are strictly bound to network path&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #6aa84f;&quot;&gt;CCM - Execution&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Resource buffers inserted prior to critical tasks mitigates failures&lt;br /&gt;
2.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Critical chain hardly change due to critical resource and buffer based planning&lt;br /&gt;
3.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Challenge is more on resource pacing (pipeline) based on network complexity&lt;br /&gt;
4.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Non critical task may start early or follow &#39;JIT&#39;- delay or do when needed/synchronizing/gating&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #741b47;&quot;&gt;CPM - Monitoring&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Progress of task is based on % completion (good if it increase)&lt;br /&gt;
2.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Floats/Slack do not help fully on schedule monitoring&lt;br /&gt;
3.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;EVM also monitors schedule and report status/progress&lt;br /&gt;
4.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;EVM treats critical/non-critical equally(abstract reporting)&lt;br /&gt;
5.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;EVM&#39;s SV, SPI helps to take corrective action&lt;br /&gt;
6.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Separate QA/QC analysis to identify cause of delays&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #741b47;&quot;&gt;CCM - Monitoring&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Progress of Task is based on critical chain&#39;s remaining duration (good if it decrease)&lt;br /&gt;
2.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Buffer Management - Status-(used/free), Limits(GAR), Consumption Rate%&lt;br /&gt;
3.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Buffer management can be an add-on to EVM schedule monitoring tool&lt;br /&gt;
4.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Buffer management draw attention on critical chain and critical resource performance&lt;br /&gt;
5.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;GAR=Green/Amber/Red = % of Project Buffer Remaining / % of Critical chain remaining&lt;br /&gt;
6.&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-tab-span&quot; style=&quot;white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Buffer management helps to identify common/specific causes of extension/consumptions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;
 &lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/10/critical-chain-vs-critical-path-method.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-3875409528236121697</guid><pubDate>Sun, 07 Oct 2012 09:49:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-10-07T02:51:46.943-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">PMP Mock questions</category><title>Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 18</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;It has been quite a long time we posted mock questions. We hope this would be of help for learners. Answers are given below at the end&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;1. Operations manager view of project start and end date indicate &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Life cycle of a project&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Operation goal of a project achieved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Project team formed and adjourned&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Project management scope&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;2. Project manager view of project start and end date indicate &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Lifecycle of a project&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Operation goal of a project achieved&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Project team formed and adjourned&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. project management scope&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;3. For project management of a project this is foremost important&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Charter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Manager&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Team&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. Users&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;4. What would convince an initiator to sign a project charter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. certified PMP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. certified team members&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. valid business case&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. project scope definition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;5. Project manager is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;.person who authorizes a project to a contractor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;.person who receives a project as a contract &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;.person or people who uses the final handover &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;.person who is identified in charter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;6. Project management plan is prepared&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. in isolation of charter information&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. in isolation of sub plans &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. in isolation of stakeholders&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. in isolation of other projects&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;7. A project management plan taken for approval in kickoff meeting may LEAST attend to&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. assumptions or constraints&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. charter concerns&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. stakeholder concerns&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. change management&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;8. Going as per plan may least prefer &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. conflict management&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. change management&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. resource management&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. expectations managed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;9. Change requests against scope miscommunication is MOSTLY during&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. during planning time&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. during execution time&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. during monitoring time&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. during closing time&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;10. Upon final closure the most problematic claims are BEST settled first by&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. force&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. negotiation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. law&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;. blind-eye&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;Answers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;


&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;1 Ans 2: The operation manager views project as a solution to the problem. Rest may be other views of a project manager&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;2 Ans 1: The project manager views project life cycle and rest of given options are successors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;3 Ans 1: Charter is the foremost and it will address or drive rest of the given options&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;4 Ans 3: Valid business case is essential, project scope definition follows upon acceptance of business case approval, certification can be earned &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;5 Ans 4: As who is identified in charter and this could be any one including people other options as per organization role &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;6 Ans 4: Project manager for which project management plan is prepared should set unique focus just as other projects moreover not act as program manager.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;7 Ans 1: Assumptions or constraints bound to exists to risk or de-risks a project, however, rest of other options has to be resolved with priority comparatively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;8 Ans 2: Change management is least preferred because it effects baseline plan rest are application of interpersonal or general management skill of project manager&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;9. Ans 3: Mostly, while validation or verification, the variances may trigger claims of non-performance or creep of scope by either of the parties&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #274e13;&quot;&gt;10. Ans 2: An instrument that provide amicable environment for open discussion and investigation to close claims, failing which rest could be tried. Blind-eye is unethical conduct.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b id=&quot;internal-source-marker_0.6744363920297474&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/10/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-18.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-7957807060652399917</guid><pubDate>Sun, 26 Feb 2012 14:44:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-02-26T07:02:30.824-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Artificial Intelligence</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Project Management System</category><title>Project Management Mechanics!</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Well no wonder we all have our experiences in riding our first vehicle and felt the first experience.&lt;br /&gt;
Well what has that to do with Project Management. Well the picture seems to suggest a child&#39;s collections but do you have more...?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Definitely &amp;nbsp;vehicles are ought be built with&amp;nbsp; safety&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;, travel comfort, minimal failures and that each manufacturer strive to deliver its own USP which stand to as an identity. Definitely everyone would accept that the enterprise think-tank &amp;nbsp;have done several rounds of commercials, engineering , manufacturing of research and development before the first vehicle is produced. This is where our entry of project management comes into play as a subset of Product Development in manufacturing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKASeb3EsS14G-VwCCch5WfY5pmPhOjnhQPUWvWYacONDGgmogRbiqd-JpZu8d3aAvrUF4tCPgdpc5sWLLKVjcwPtwOuxuLXYyzLnYl9awzyU6DHcGrFzs8ZV-QvFI721slnnS1fHDc4uN/s1600/vehicles.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;145&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKASeb3EsS14G-VwCCch5WfY5pmPhOjnhQPUWvWYacONDGgmogRbiqd-JpZu8d3aAvrUF4tCPgdpc5sWLLKVjcwPtwOuxuLXYyzLnYl9awzyU6DHcGrFzs8ZV-QvFI721slnnS1fHDc4uN/s320/vehicles.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Let us go one step further, and give kudos to those who have made the idea of the product into integrated-managed vehicle system. A managed system in place that is put to use to the maximum extent by a driver of the vehicle or auto-pilot(AI artificial intelligence) mode. The system is able to meet specific Requirement of &amp;nbsp;a driver (and passengers) and expectations managed.&amp;nbsp;What else could we call Integrated-project management. The vehicle is agile in adopting to integrated project management statusquo for all the conditions (say transmission, fuel &amp;nbsp;injection, rpm, break, clutch, road conditions, user choice of speed etc) being influenced into it. Unless there are extreme conditions, the system is said to perform to the DOE (design of experiments) laid out by engineers in real time environment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So project manager if he has a good project management system in place with strong integration points, the system should apply its AI cure in case of not-so-severe failures. Most of the Information Technology project is yet to reach this stage except few as in case of above AI itself as an example.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us find a way to build a project management system(PMS) that is well researched departmentally and apply CIP (continuous improvement process) project quality management to mature a better PMS for use. That is where, as a support, Data Intelligence can come into play as technology partner (say like BIGDATA as in previous blog) to highlight Project Managers with informed decision going forward.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So it is a mechanics or in built intelligence let us try to check...!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/02/project-management-mechanics.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKASeb3EsS14G-VwCCch5WfY5pmPhOjnhQPUWvWYacONDGgmogRbiqd-JpZu8d3aAvrUF4tCPgdpc5sWLLKVjcwPtwOuxuLXYyzLnYl9awzyU6DHcGrFzs8ZV-QvFI721slnnS1fHDc4uN/s72-c/vehicles.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-3918105746281756403</guid><pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 06:53:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-02-19T22:53:51.357-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">BI</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">BigData</category><title>Technology Buzz</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;There has been always a buzz in the emerging technology in the field of information age. &amp;nbsp;We are not talking about, Mobile , Cloud, or Social computing but &quot;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #0b5394;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mckinsey.com/Insights/MGI/Research/Technology_and_Innovation/Big_data_The_next_frontier_for_innovation&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;BigData&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot; beneath them &amp;nbsp;a new trend in Business Intelligence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/02/technology-buzz.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-7330238607177703380</guid><pubDate>Sat, 11 Feb 2012 06:00:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-02-10T22:00:54.192-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">FF</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">FS</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Planning Schedule</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">SF</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">SS</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Task or Activity Relationship</category><title>Simple ways to understand Task Relationship</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Last post we saw an example of how we can have &lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.blogspot.in/2012/02/how-to-allocate-buffers-in-schedule-and.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;practically allocate Buffers&lt;/a&gt; in a schedule.&lt;br /&gt;
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This post we shall speak something about relationship between tasks/activities.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Failures to understand for example, generally in IT companies&#39; project manager (not all) create schedule as static document (guess its a harsh reality)&amp;nbsp;to be honest, during my earlier days I was doing the same a because of couple of reasons&lt;br /&gt;
a. I did not understand what to do, so just type the tasks, indent it&lt;br /&gt;
b. create a schedule for to keep away QA guys (not a good thing to do although)&lt;br /&gt;
c. Team meeting, Bugs status, kept me busy forgetting underlying unused schedule asset that I had.&lt;br /&gt;
d. Most of the time I become a student by-hearting SF,FF,SS, FS and use only FS and argue everything same&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us talk how to go ahead and achieve this with ease...(for busy user read Takeaways)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assume you are a product company who is planning for two releases in a year.&lt;br /&gt;
Assuming the requirements are clear but not practically possibly to implement all in one go.&lt;br /&gt;
We &lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;organize &lt;/span&gt;and &lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;prioritize &lt;/span&gt;(every important tip to project managers) what is &lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&quot;essentials now&quot; vs &quot;essentials for tomorrow&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpLnlvMhELzczwPERgY6vjYq-wUgaklb0Wp3kBmsmRe42HGkufXIynG2NO78C-asJJf0soMI6sW6ea8_cn-C102pmjVYHoS6Tq4NpRxKnxJyPjcltIsOfxcBJho4yIV2yw9bFa4B3RsPu3/s1600/GuruttamBufferAndTaskRelations.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;153&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpLnlvMhELzczwPERgY6vjYq-wUgaklb0Wp3kBmsmRe42HGkufXIynG2NO78C-asJJf0soMI6sW6ea8_cn-C102pmjVYHoS6Tq4NpRxKnxJyPjcltIsOfxcBJho4yIV2yw9bFa4B3RsPu3/s640/GuruttamBufferAndTaskRelations.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Task Id denoted in ( ).&lt;br /&gt;
Having said that we plan for Product Feature List (5), The task Concept Design Starts(7) as soon as (5) is complete.&lt;br /&gt;
This is the common task relation (FS =Finish to Start) or predecessor-successor relationship which most of us very comfortable and familiar.&lt;br /&gt;
You have wonder tech team so the best thing to do is given them the job so. The concept design team hopes to give deliverable on day one,&lt;br /&gt;
to help other team to do Detail Design(8) start as and when the start. It is a kind of relay situation however taking practical things into&lt;br /&gt;
account you have a lag of 1 (say probably for review) and then allow (8) to start. This is a SS (Start-To-Start) relation.&lt;br /&gt;
( Another example you can imagine is Auto-Scan as soon as you have a Pend-Drive insertion to disk is initiated. )&lt;br /&gt;
Assume the (8) is started then you can call for the documentation team to Design manual (9) and and request doc team to end when (8) ends.&lt;br /&gt;
This may mean that doc team are ready with functional or flow help guide written and can finish final User Interface Designs at (8)&#39;s end.&lt;br /&gt;
Eventually As and When (7) finish (8) also finishes&lt;br /&gt;
The last tasks Product List Feature Future(10) is constantly updated and finishes after 2 days of maturity after (7). You give room for correction on&lt;br /&gt;
upto 2 days for (7) so that (10) finish from as Release Notes as what will be available for next release. Which mean, Now you are ready with description of design &lt;br /&gt;
&quot;essentials now&quot; vs &quot;essentials for tomorrow&quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&quot;Takeaways&quot;...&lt;br /&gt;
The way we want to do it, &quot;Reactive-Coordinated-Proactive approach&quot; for logical realationship between tasks/activity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;1....Wait until I finish (Reactive) - FS &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;2.... Watch me start (Proactive) - SS &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;3.... &amp;nbsp;Let us finish it (Coordinate) - FF &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;4.... Finish when I start (Proactive) - SF&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the above context lead/lags are influencing for better schedule planning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So we encourage you to limit with books or downloads or terminologies but apply simple self-help in your schedule planning...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hope it was useful.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/02/simple-ways-to-understand-task.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpLnlvMhELzczwPERgY6vjYq-wUgaklb0Wp3kBmsmRe42HGkufXIynG2NO78C-asJJf0soMI6sW6ea8_cn-C102pmjVYHoS6Tq4NpRxKnxJyPjcltIsOfxcBJho4yIV2yw9bFa4B3RsPu3/s72-c/GuruttamBufferAndTaskRelations.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-5371562025427880043</guid><pubDate>Sat, 04 Feb 2012 04:53:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2012-02-03T20:53:14.687-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Buffers</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Contingency reserve</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">FF</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">FS</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Lag</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Lead</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Planning Schedule</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">SF</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">SS</category><title>How to allocate buffers in schedule and set logical relations</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Scope: Project Time Management - Schedule Planning&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
+. Know About Project activity/task planning ( tasks listing and sequencing )&lt;br /&gt;
+. Know About Lags and Leads&lt;br /&gt;
+. Know About Project Buffers&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5yp8iwUH0pRxAsvxLqMfpDva0eocOw5IgXBjvtRgZGZTy1vTq1C3Q02kPjAiXRgJcrjSDBqApaPG0VSWiPaPxd16Q-FBkskyAVJbKh9JEjYbBLIYdDtutGQFx1lgJqze5-5EaqE6WKGTX/s1600/GuruttamBufferAndTaskRelations.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;153&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5yp8iwUH0pRxAsvxLqMfpDva0eocOw5IgXBjvtRgZGZTy1vTq1C3Q02kPjAiXRgJcrjSDBqApaPG0VSWiPaPxd16Q-FBkskyAVJbKh9JEjYbBLIYdDtutGQFx1lgJqze5-5EaqE6WKGTX/s640/GuruttamBufferAndTaskRelations.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Project is &quot;Guruttam Contract Prospect&quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Gather Requirement &amp;nbsp;- &amp;nbsp;2 days&lt;br /&gt;
Define Scope - 1 day&lt;br /&gt;
Identify Resources - 4 days&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We assume tasks(activity) names and duration estimates. Let us further examine its &lt;i&gt;attribute &lt;/i&gt;information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. Here is an interesting part.&lt;br /&gt;
You, the project manager, planned for a fine Monday meeting with the customer to Gather Requirement. Unfortunately, assume the customer would be busy with other priorities on the day of your appointment. What could we do? Well, we have to wait ! &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So where is this reflected in our schedule and how long does our schedule planning allow us to wait ? To answer this we try to understand next task Define Scope.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We have said Define Scope is a 1 day activity after Gather Requirement. But luckily, we had planned as +2 days as lag forecasting that this situation might well occur. So we are allowed with a &#39;buffer&#39; of 2 days wait time. &#39;Buffer&#39; as usually allocated as contingencies or time reserves.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Remember, this wait time(lag) is &#39;created&#39; by the manager and is not a characteristic of project activity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assume Define Scope task - is a management activity (manager sets the scope). Usually management activity are not part of billing (activity level at the least) , so we cannot allocate a resource if it is going to add to the project cost. Hence, this 1 day is a &#39;buffer&#39; this manager has wisely added as an activity. Call it as &#39;buffered task&#39;. Having this task type as &#39;non-working time&#39; will not add to cost, which may be a handy tool for buffer monitoring (used or did not use cases).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Either of the above two techniques may be used as &#39;Buffers&#39;. Planners are advised not to use both technique (within a scenario) as it would be deemed as non professional conduct or would not be successful in practical sense under a &#39;constraint&#39;ed schedule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In case Define Scope task &amp;nbsp;is a non-management activity i.e. resource is assigned to set the scope, then it cannot be a &#39;buffered task&#39; eventually in this case, lag as buffer can only be used.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Next Identify Resources - &amp;nbsp;starts upon successful completion of Define Scope (either when delay risks are resolved or when truly the Define Scope task (not as buffer task). We can also notice that it takes 4 days of hectic resource search by &amp;nbsp;HR colleague. However we give them as soon as we had Gathered Requirements from the customer/client.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We shall see few more interesting things with this tiny schedule on&amp;nbsp;activity/task relation in next blog.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2012/02/how-to-allocate-buffers-in-schedule-and.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5yp8iwUH0pRxAsvxLqMfpDva0eocOw5IgXBjvtRgZGZTy1vTq1C3Q02kPjAiXRgJcrjSDBqApaPG0VSWiPaPxd16Q-FBkskyAVJbKh9JEjYbBLIYdDtutGQFx1lgJqze5-5EaqE6WKGTX/s72-c/GuruttamBufferAndTaskRelations.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-4931106289332433198</guid><pubDate>Mon, 20 Jun 2011 11:01:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2011-06-20T04:02:49.038-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">CPM</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Float</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Project Schedule</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Slack</category><title>Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 17</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;We shall explain today&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2011/06/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-16.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;answers and move on to next question in series.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #6aa84f;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Answer:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Option 4) is the odd choice that should be ignored, because,&amp;nbsp;rest of them are control measure place in project life cycle which qualify for project governance (controls).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Q17) (Level - Middle)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;You have developed a network path schedule diagram. You see that there are 3 paths with n,n-1,n+1 activities in them. Path 1 is non-critical with 13 days, Path 2 is critical with 18 days, Path 3 is non-critical with 14 days. What is total float for activity A of path 1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;1) &amp;nbsp;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;2) &amp;nbsp;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;3) &amp;nbsp;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;4) &amp;nbsp;6&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Please feel free to answer or check our next post for answers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2011/06/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-17.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-6439456663515524903</guid><pubDate>Mon, 20 Jun 2011 09:44:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2011-06-20T03:53:55.833-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Good practice to employ project estimate</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Project Governance</category><title>Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 16</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;We shall explain today&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2011/05/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-15.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;answers and move on to next question in series.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #6aa84f;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Answer:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Option 1) is the right choice. because,&amp;nbsp;the related work packages within the plan activity must have work scope dependency.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Another example occurs in software design. The manager apportions computer costs to the design/coding effort.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Q16) (Level - Basic)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;Examples of project governance are except&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;1) risks audits&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;2) phase or stages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;3) document reviews&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;4) work information collection&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Please feel free to answer or check our next post for answers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2011/06/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-16.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-1856322201782561313</guid><pubDate>Tue, 03 May 2011 03:48:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2011-05-02T20:48:56.594-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Control Account</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">effort</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">resource leveling</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">time management</category><title>Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 15</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;We shall explain today&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2011/03/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-14.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;answers and move on to next question in series.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #6aa84f;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Answer:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Option 3) is NOT true. Management reserves are not part of project cost control.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Other options are responsibilities of a control account manager who can exercise. Control account manager keeps tab on project spending. Project manager can himself be a control account manager if he is in a strong or projectized organization structure or as per organization policy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Q14) (Level - Basic)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;In a discussion meeting to estimate effort, the member of finance team wanted to budget for quality and documentation team effort for the project. When he asked, they replied to him saying it is subject to the engineering team deliverable work effort. What kind of effort allocation it is usually called as&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;1) apportioned effort&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;2) discrete effort&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;3) level of effort&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;4) subjective effort&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Please feel free to answer or check our next post for answers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2011/05/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-15.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8865041848089576845.post-2952012406646278087</guid><pubDate>Thu, 14 Apr 2011 15:18:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2011-04-14T08:18:22.278-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Control Account</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Control Account Plan</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">WBS</category><title>Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 14</title><description>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;We shall explain today&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2011/03/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-13.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #b45f06;&quot;&gt;Guruttam PMP Mock Question Series - 13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;answers and move on to next question in series.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #6aa84f;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Answer:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Correct answer is 1)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;EV = 40% x 1000 = 400&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;AC = 700 &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;PV = 500 &amp;nbsp;(as 5 days is 50% of budget planned, that is before planned days)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;CV = 400 - 700 = -300, SV = 400 - 500 = -100&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Had WP1 duration was also 5 days, then one End-Of-Week (Data date) reporting&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;can directly take in PV as 1000 unlike 50% of 1000 as a case for 10 days.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Q14) (Level - Basic)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;What is NOT true about Control account manager&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;1) Governs control account levels&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;2) Control account manager takes Work package and Planning package&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;3) Control account manager include management reserves in control account plan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;e) Control account manager can set Baselines for procurements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;Please feel free to answer or check our next post for answers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://guruttam.com/&quot;&gt;http://guruttam.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://guruttam.blogspot.com/2011/04/guruttam-pmp-mock-question-series-14.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Unknown)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item></channel></rss>