Racing Rules of Sailing - Look to Windward

(pillow)Case of the week (05/12) – 25

2012-01-30T10:00:00.000+01:00

(This is an instalment in a series of blogposts about the ISAF Case book 2009-2012 with amendments for 2011. All cases are official interpretations by the ISAF committees on how the Racing Rules of Sailing should be used or interpreted. The cases are copied from the Casebook, only the comments are written by me.)

CASE 25

Rule 11, On the Same Tack, Overlapped
Rule 14, Avoiding Contact
Rule 16.1, Changing Course
Rule 18.2(b), Mark-Room: Giving Mark-Room

When an inside overlapped windward boat that is entitled to mark-room sails below her proper course while at the mark, she must keep clear of the outside leeward boat, and the outside boat may luff provided that she gives the inside boat room to keep clear.

Summary of the Facts
Two 15-foot (3.5 m) dinghies, IW and OL, were approaching a leeward port-hand mark. IW established an inside overlap on OL well before the boats reached the zone, and OL gave IW space to sail to the mark and then to sail her proper course while at the mark. After IW passed the mark, OL began to luff to her course to the next mark. IW was slower in heading up, and her boom, still well out, touched OL’s helmsman and shrouds. At the time of the contact IW was a hull length from the mark and over 45 degrees below close-hauled. No damage or injury occurred. IW protested OL under rule 18.2(b), and OL protested IW under rule 11.

The protest committee decided that, because IW did not luff to a close hauled course while she was at the mark, she did not sail her proper course during that time. IW did not deny this but attributed it to her boom-end mainsheet rig as compared to the centre-lead rig used by OL.

The protest committee dismissed IW’s protest, upheld OL’s, and disqualified IW for breaking rule 11. IW appealed.

Decision

Rule 18.2(b) required OL to give IW room to sail to the mark and then room to sail her proper course while at the mark. Clearly, between positions 1 and 2 OL gave IW room to sail to the mark. At position 2, IW was ‘at the mark’ and between positions 2 and 3 she was entitled to room to sail her proper course. Her proper course during that time was to luff onto a close-hauled course, and OL gave her room to do so. Therefore, OL did not break rule 18.2(b).

When OL luffed between positions 2 and 3, IW was required by rule 11 to keep clear of OL, and OL was required by rule 16.1 to give her room to do so. OL luffed approximately 30 degrees while moving forward two hull lengths. Even with a boom-end mainsheet rig, a boat sailed in a seamanlike way can turn through 30 degrees and trim her mainsail appropriately while moving forward two hull lengths. Therefore, OL gave IW room to keep clear and OL did not break rule 16.1.

OL could easily have avoided contact with IW, and so OL broke rule 14. However, she is not penalized for doing so because neither boat was damaged, nor was there any injury. IW sailed well below her proper course; in fact she sailed a hull length away from the mark on a course over 45 degrees below close-hauled and, as a result, took much more space than rule 18.2(b) entitled her to take.

Throughout the incident IW was required by rule 11 to keep clear of OL.
Shortly before the contact, IW broke rule 11 by failing to keep clear. It was possible for IW to have avoided the contact, and therefore IW also broke rule 14. However, because IW was entitled to mark-room and the contact resulted in neither damage nor injury, she too can not be penalized for breaking rule 14.

W’s appeal is dismissed. The protest committee’s decision to disqualify
IW under rule 11 is upheld.

Noteworthy: IW was not penalized for taking “too much mark-room”, she was penalized for failing to keep-clear under 11. If she had been failing to keep clear within the space mark-room provided, she would have been exonerated for that. She failed to keep clear outside the room that mark-room provides and therefore was NOT exonerated.

Although the exoneration under 18.5 depends on the boat’s actions, the ‘exoneration’ under rule 14 does not. All boats – r.o.w, with room or with mark-room – regardless of there actions, get a freebie if there’s no damage or injury.

In this rulebook the wording is still ‘a boat will not be penalized’, but in the next rulebook (2013-2016) it will be brought in line with the other rules and ‘a boat will be exonerated’ for breaking rule 14 if there’s no damage or injury.

Score 20/01 in LTW 2012 Winter Challenge

2012-01-29T10:35:00.002+01:00

Episode 20/01 has been scored:

The entries are getting very good already.

Several of the challengers have not send in a entry. Please don't quit so soon. I'm sure you can learn a lot by participating. I've asked for nicknames so you can remain anonymous.

This is what I came up with:

Conclusions

Blue on Port tack is keeping clear under rule 10, by passing in front of Orange on Starboard tack.
Blue continues to keep clear, first under 13 and then under rule 11 until position 4.
Blue is subject to rule 18.3, because she was subject to rule 13 in the zone and Orange is fetching the mark. Boats are overlapped as soon as Blue passes head to wind with Orange as inside boat and entitled to mark-room under rule 18.3(b). Rule 18.2 does not apply. Orange's luff above close hauled was to fetch the mark, not to avoid Blue, therefore Blue did not infringe 18.3. It was also a proper course for Orange therefore any 16.1 infringements are exonerated under rule 18.5
Orange is right-of-way boat under rule 11, Blue is not keeping clear in position 5
Blue could have avoided the contact, therefore breaks rule 14
Orange could not avoid the contact, after it became clear that Blue would not keep clear, so does not break rule 14

Decision

Protest upheld
DSQ Blue

J.

A final question to think over:
What would change if Orange had passed head to wind, just after position 4?

LTW 2012 Winter Challenge 27/01: Rolex Miami OCR 49er Crash

2012-01-27T21:01:00.000+01:00

Right, this episode of the LTW 2012 Winter Challenge, I'm using a You-Tube video of an incident in a 49er race at the Rolex Miami OCR.

I've checked and although there's is a protest on the board with AUT 070, I do not think it was this incident. BER 1042 is not mentioned and although the black spinnaker is an USA boat, I don't think it's 1222.
Anyway that protest was denied.

found on You Tube: HERE by asht2p

The film is short and taken from an aerial view (probably a helicopter) so you will need to see it several times.
The challenge is to write down the facts found, draw a conclusion and take a decision.
Don't get stuck in validity; assume all requirements have been fulfilled.

I also don't mind if different people have different set of facts found. The challenge is to write the facts as you see them and then draw consistent conclusions and decision. There was contact, so don't forget 14!

If you make a TSS or Boat Scenario file, send me a (one!) picture and I'll try to incorporate that into the posting. Since you can "make up" your own facts this time, there will be no questions. But the challengers who send me a picture of the situation, corresponding with their facts found, can earn two bonus points!

Deadline next Friday 03/02/12 23:59 (GMT+1) as per usual.

Scoring of Episode 20/01 to follow - probably Sunday.
Good luck,
J.

NoR Dutch Championship Matchracing 2012

2012-01-26T14:07:00.001+01:00

Team Heiner has found a sponsor, fixed a date and published the Notice of Race!
(Click on hier on Team Heiner webpage)

On the 20th, 21st and 22nd of April 2012 in Lelystad the
BATAVIA STAD DUTCH CHAMPIONSHIP MATCH RACING 2012
will be held.

We are doing the qualifying events during this winter season (weather permitting) for 6 teams, but the OA has also 2 wildcards to give out. In total 8 teams will sail to win the honors.

From the NoR:

INVITATIONS
Skippers will only be invited from the open entry list. If you wish to be invited please register your request for an invitation as soon as possible with the OA by completing the attached form.

If you are a team that might be interested, please consider coming to the very very low p(h)art (Lelystad is a new town in the reclaimed part (polder)) of the Netherlands.
Or if you know of such a Match Race team; please tel them about this - or better - forward this post.
There's a mailing button below.

Hope to see you there.
J.

ISAF Q&A 2011 - 027 M014: Eats, shoots and leaves

2012-01-25T21:51:00.000+01:00

This Q&A reminded me of the Book of the Year 2004:
Eats, Shoots & Leaves - The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation
by Lynne Truss.

From the back cover:

Maybe the title of this Q&A should be: Mark to round; to pass or to leave?

ISAF Q&A 2011 - 027 M014

Question 4
What are the fundaments of the difference between rules 18.5 (a) and 18.5 (b) with regard to rules 15 and 16?

Answer 4
When a boat entitled to mark-room is sailing to the mark, she must comply with rules 15 and 16. However, sometimes complying with these rules means that the boat entitled to mark-room will not be able to actually round the mark. This is why rule 18.5(b), contrary to rule 18.5(a), provides for exoneration for a boat entitled to mark-room that breaks either of those rules while rounding the mark on her proper course.

I thought the best way to illustrate this was by a couple of examples:
Example 1: rule 16

Two boats, Red and Green approach a windward mark to left to port. Red is inside boat, entitled to mark-room, has trouble getting to the mark. She luffs hard when she is at the mark and there's contact between the boats. Red is right-of-way boat, Green is keeping clear, and if Red wouldn't have changed course so rapidly, there would not have been contact. Green left enough room for a 'normal' luff.

Red breaks rule 16.1 by not giving enough room to Green to keep clear. Nevertheless she is exonerated under rule 18.5(b) because she was AT the mark when doing so. Had she done the same, just after position 1, she would not have been exonerated.

Example 2: rule 15

There are big waves on the course. Two boats, Blue and Purple sail toward the leeward mark to be left to starboard. Entering the 3BL zone Blue is clear ahead and gets mark-room.
While sailing toward the mark Purple becomes right-of-way boat under rule 11. Blue is not changing course but gybes between positions 2 and three. Blue becomes right-of-way starboard tack boat. Normally she would be penalized for breaking rule 15, because she does not initially give room to Purple to keep clear. But because she's AT the mark, she gets exoneration under 18.5(b). Had she done the same between position 1 and 2 she would have not been exonerated.

Ooh, before I sign off, if you ever have to change to pick up a copy of Lynne's book, please do. It will change your world forever.
And the panda will be grateful.
J.

LTW Readers Q&A (58) - Red Flag

2012-01-24T10:00:00.000+01:00

From the other side of the Atlantic, An US Sailing Appeal case submitted by Hugh.

Just heard a protest, which we found invalid, on grounds of inadequate flag:
Melges 24 - flag was 25 cm x 30 cm - housed in an Opti style pocket and suspended by a single corner. Displayed from the slack stern lifeline (i.e. below deck level).
I saw it at the finish line and it looked like an upside down tulip - not a flag.

It would be nice if you were to address the question of flags - specifically Case 72. In addition US SAILING Appeal 66 is useful and instructive. If you do not have access to US SAILING Appeals, here is the text:

Rule 61.1(a), Protest Requirements: Informing the Protestee
Rule 63.5, Hearings: Validity of the Protest or Request for Redress

A 2" by 8" protest flag on a 40-foot boat is not of sufficient size or of suitable proportions to be “conspicuously displayed.”

Facts and Decision of the Protest Committee
Near the windward mark, Leading Lady and Aliens Ate My Buick, two 40-foot boats, were involved in an incident. Leading Lady immediately hailed “Protest” and displayed a 2" by 8" * strip of red cloth from her backstay. The protest committee concluded that the strip of red cloth was inadequate to qualify as a flag on a 40-foot boat, and therefore found the protest to be invalid and closed the hearing. Leading Lady appealed.
(* For those of you in the metric system: 5x20 cm)

Decision of the Appeals Committee
The strip of red cloth qualified as a protest flag in the context of rule 61.1(a) because it was a red flag. However, rule 61.1(a) also requires a boat to “conspicuously display” the protest flag. This requirement is necessary to inform other boats in the race, as well as the boat to be protested, that a boat intends to protest.

The phrase “conspicuously display” must be interpreted in the context of the size of the boat displaying the flag. An object that is conspicuous is not merely visible; it “catches one’s eye or attention” or is “obvious to the eye or mind” (dictionary references).
Whether the flag is displayed conspicuously depends on a number of considerations, such as the place on the boat from which the flag is displayed, its proximity to other objects of the same or a similar color and, the size of the flag in relation to the size of the boat. On a 40-foot boat a 2" by 8" flag is too small to be conspicuous. In this case, the flag’s proportions also detracted from the conspicuousness of its display.

Since the requirement of rule 61.1(a) that the flag be conspicuously displayed was not met, the protest committee, acting under rule 63.5, should have found that the protest was invalid for that reason, and closed the hearing. The protest committee’s reason for finding the protest invalid is incorrect.

Leading Lady’s appeal is denied, and the decision of the protest committee is corrected as described above.

US Sailing Appeals Book App.66; December 1994

Relevant in this case is also Case 72 from the Casebook: (pillow)Case of the Week 41 - 72.

IN THE ROOM:

Chairman: "What did you do after the incident?"
Representative of boat A: "I yelled protest and put up the red flag"

Chairman: "Did you hear his hail and saw the red flag?"
Representative of boat B: "No I didn't, he never hailed and I did not see any red flag"

C: "Where were the boats relative to eachother, when you hailed, and where did you put up the flag?"
RA: "The boats were about 25 meters apart and he was upwind. Perhaps he didn't hear me. I put the red flag on my leeward shroud. We have a tube there, I only have to pull it out"

C: "Let me get this clear; You were sailing on starboard tack and you put the flag on the port shroud?"
RA: "Yes.

C: "Was the sail covering the flag?"
RA: "Well, eeeeh, yes, at first, but then we gybed and it was clearly visible"

Chairman looks at his fellow panel members and the says to the sailors:
"Can I please ask you to leave to room for a minute, while we discuss this?"

Give me your votes, please.

(pillow)Case of the week (04/12) – 26

2012-01-23T09:29:00.000+01:00

(This is an instalment in a series of blogposts about the ISAF Case book 2009-2012 with amendments for 2010. All cases are official interpretations by the ISAF committees on how the Racing Rules of Sailing should be used or interpreted. The cases are copied from the Casebook, only the comments are written by me.)

CASE 26

Rule 14, Avoiding Contact
Rule 16.1, Changing Course
Rule 18.1, Mark-Room: When Rule 18 Applies

A right-of-way boat need not act to avoid a collision until it is clear that the other boat is not keeping clear. However, if the right-of-way boat could then have avoided the collision and the collision resulted in damage, she must be penalized under rule 14.

Summary of the Facts

A Soling, S, and a 505, P, in separate races, approached the same mark on opposite tacks. Unknown to P, which was lowering her spinnaker and hardening up to leave the mark to port, S was required to leave it to starboard and was preparing to do so.

P heard no hail and was unaware of S’s presence until the boats were in the positions shown in the diagram, at which time P’s crew saw S. He shouted a warning and leaped out of the way just as S’s bow struck P’s hull behind the mast, causing damage.

P protested S under rule 14 on the grounds that S could have avoided the collision. S and two witnesses testified that S did not at any time change her course before the collision. S, protesting under rule 10, claimed that if she had changed course she would have broken rule 16.1. The protest committee disqualified P under rules 10 and 14. P appealed.

Decision

P, as the keep-clear boat, failed to keep a lookout and to observe her primary duties to keep clear and avoid contact. She broke both rule 10 and rule 14. An important purpose of the rules of Part 2 is to avoid contact between boats. All boats, whether or not holding right of way, should keep a lookout at all times.

Rule 18 did not apply because S and P were not required to leave the mark on the same side (see rule 18.1). When it became clear that P was not keeping clear, S was required by rule 14 to act to avoid contact with P (see rule 14(a)). Before the positions shown in the diagram it became clear that the boats were on converging courses and that P was not keeping clear. At that time S could have luffed and avoided contact with P. Such a change of course by S would have given P more room to keep clear and would not have broken rule 16.1. The contact caused damage. Therefore, S broke rule 14 and must be penalized for having done so (see rule 14(b)).

P was correctly disqualified under rules 10 and 14. S is also disqualified, for breaking rule 14.

RYA 1971/4

Firstly, this has been in the callbooks since 1974, more than 35 years. The basic premise – avoiding contact – has been well established in the racing world. We as PC members have sometimes a little skewed image of this, because we tend to interact in the ‘room’ with boats (and sailors) when they do not follow this.

Secondly, what kind of &(^$%^^& Race Committee would allow a regatta with a mark that allows Port and Starboard roundings at the same time? That is asking for trouble.

It does however neatly illustrates the point that all boats approaching a mark have the tendency to focus exclusively on that rounding – forgetting all other issues. That kind of focus might be needed to do all the necessary tasks, but does not relieve a boat of keeping an adequate look-out.

Finally, rule 14 has a yes/no clause if it comes to penalizing the right-of-way boat (or the one entitled to room or mark-room). This yes/no clause is triggered by if there’s damage or not.
No damage = no penalty and Yes damage = yes penalty.
Many sailors confuse this damage in rule 14 with the damage in rule 44.1. However, for rule 14 the damage does not have to be ‘serious’, as it does in rule 44.1.

Any scratch, nicked paint, dent or whatever, that a prudent owner would repair immediately or in the near future, can be damage. If it is so little that it only gets repaired in the next scheduled winter overhaul or paintjob, then – in my opinion – it is not damage triggering rule 14.

Ooh, to be complete, the yes/no clause is also triggered by injury! ANY injury, even if it only needs a band-aid to be able to sail on.

Score 13/01 in LTW 2012 Winter Challenge

2012-01-22T14:21:00.000+01:00

The score for the first episode:

And - as promised - my answer.

Conclusions

(Blue complies with rule 10 by keeping clear as Port tack boat from Green as Starboard tack boat; Greens luff does not break 16.2 as Blue does not have to immediately change course to keep clear)
(Green is keeping clear as tacking boat under rule 13, and then under 11 as windward boat; Blue does not have to give Green room under rule 15 as long as she maintains a straight course, because it was Green’s actions (her tack) that gave her right-of-way)
(In position 3 Blue establishes a leeward overlap while Green as windward boat is still required to keep clear under rule 13, therefore rule 17 is not turned on)
When Blue, as right-of-way boat, changed course between positions 3 & 4, she did not give Green enough room to keep clear, and broke rule 16.1.
Green broke rule 11 by not keeping clear as windward boat from Blue, but was compelled to break this rule because of Blue change of course and subsequent infringement of rule 16.1 and is therefore exonerated under rule 64.1(c).
Green did not break rule 14, because she was entitled to room from Blue (changing course) and by the time it was clear that Blue would not give that room, Green could not reasonably avoid the contact anymore.
Blue could reasonably have avoided the contact even after it became clear that Green was not going to keep clear and broke rule 14. There was damage so as right-of-way boat she can be penalized. However Blue took the applicable penalty (rule 44.1(a)) and therefore rule 64.1(a) does not apply. Blue is exonerated under rule 64.1(b).

Decision
Both protests are dismissed

ITO for 2012 Olympic Games

2012-01-21T21:43:00.001+01:00

On the ISAF website the names of the International Technical Delegates (TD, Measurers, Race Officers, Jury and Umpires) for the 2012 Olympic Games were published. : 2012 London Olympic Games Sailing Competition

The Jury is reduced from 26 in 2008 to 23 in 2012, but than there are now 10 umpires for the match racing added, bringing the total to 33 from 29 different nations.

Of those 26 jury members in 2008, 17 people return either as jury member or as an umpire. That leaves 12 ‘new’ persons on the jury and 4 ‘new’ in the umpire team.

I can’t tell you the ‘old-new’ statistics for Measurers or RO’s, because I didn’t save that particular record four years ago. There will be 9 Measurers and 17 people in the Race Management Team for the 2012 OG. And 2 Technical Delegates.

These were chosen out of a group of 99 persons, who were either at the WPIR (Test Event) or in Perth at the Worlds. (+ 2 who were at neither)

During the last Olympic I did some interviews with newcomers. I will try to get in touch with a few again, this time.

In the mean time, good luck to all.

German Consequences (3); LTW Guest Post

2012-01-21T09:11:00.000+01:00

By Thorsten Döbbeler

CHANGE OF DIRECTION?

In the current version of the case book, updated November 13, 2011, there is no case 78. Currently, case 78 reads:

"CASE 78
As a result of action taken by the ISAF Council on 12 November 2011, Case 78 has been withdrawn for revision."

The story behind that is that the Irish Sailing Association filed a submission to the ISAF annual meeting to change case 78.

Submission 259-11: http://www.sailing.org/tools/documents/25911RRSNewCase78-%5B11191%5D.pdf

You will notice that the wording of this submission is almost the wording of the new Q&A. The submission was accepted, but instead of directly replacing case 78, it was made a Q&A, while case 78 was "suspended".

The new Q&A A001 is replacing the old Q&A A001. Q&A Booklet:
http://www.sailing.org/tools/documents/QA2011.022A001-%5B11686%5D.pdf

So, no case was amended or changed.
Case 78, which was binding, was replaced by a Q&A, which is a recommendation.
Still, we have a change of direction in my opinion.

BEFORE

The situation we had before the annual meeting was that we had case 78, referring to a "series" and we had the old Q&A A01 that clarified on the term "series".

The old Q&A states:

"... For the purpose of ISAF Case 78, a race or series is restricted to those races governed by a notice of race as published by the organizing authority for the race under consideration. ..."

Last version of the Q&A booklet before the change: http://www.sailing.org/tools/documents/QAbookletNovember52010-%5B9631%5D.pdf

In my opinion case 78 and the old Q&A A01 meant that if you started "match racing" for your Olympic selection, could run you into problems easily.

AFTER

The situation we now have, is we only have the new Q&A A01, which goes in the other direction. This means we had not exactly a rules change, but a change of direction in which to go.

The German Sailing Federation (DSV) and the Olympic Sailing Council (OSA) agree that GER 21 did win the Olympic trials according to the RRS and according to the regulations of the German Olympic trials. Those regulations were written well in advance of the three events that counted for German Olympic trials (Sail for Gold in Weymouth, Kiel Week and Olympic Worlds in Perth) and it was agreed that those regulations were fair and transparent towards all competitors.
Those regulations did not prohibit "match racing" as in Q&A A01. Hence, GER 21 is recommended to the German Olympic Sports Association (DOSB) to be sent to London. RRS and regulations for the German Olympic trials are clear on this.

On the perception in the German sailing community: While the German newspaper that is quoted is a serious newspaper, the story they printed did not precisely reflect the way the German sailing community perceived what happened. The story he printed seems somewhat one sided. If you understand German, you might find the articles and comments on segelreporter.com interesting. Some 5 or 6 articles with tons of comments on that topic. To summarize in short, most people recognize that GER 21 acted according to the RRS.

MORAL?

However, the German sailing community does not seem to agree on the moral aspect. Some think that from a moral point of view, GER 21 should not be allowed to go to London. Others think that everything that is allowed under the RRS should be morally ok as well.

Both points of view were discussed in the comments very controversy.
Most moderate and realistic opinions were that while this way of winning the Olympic trials was not nice, it was according to the rules and nothing could (and should) be done about it. Next Olympic trials should take care of situations like this, though. GER 21 gave an interview in Perth saying that this is "no nice fight, but according to the rules, it is allowed".

GER 61 earned much sympathy for their good performance in their "free" races in Perth. They earned even more sympathy for the fact that, in the last race in Perth, they won the Olympic ticket for German 470 sailors (nation criteria), knowing that it most likely will be the ticket of GER 21.

As to the "lawyer case": Some people seem to think that taking this to court is basically the same as what GER 21 did - do everything possible within the rules and fight hard. Many others think that going to court is no option at all. GER 21 would waste the sympathies they earned - they should accept the decision that was made by the German Sailing Association (DSV), according to the rules.

These points of view are again discussed - I have the impression, though, that the "court is a no-go" opinion overweighs a little.

This is probably not a complete overview, it is only what I understood and noted.
What I posted above is my personal view and does probably not reflect the opinions of any majority or of the DSV, OSA or DOSB. Just trying to give some background here. ;)

LTW 2012 Winter Challenge - Episode 20/01

2012-01-20T22:00:00.000+01:00

We have 12 contestants in the 2012 Winter Challenge at the moment. Unless you're very fast, you've missed the first episode (deadline is midnight tonight). But since the competition is to gather 100 points, perhaps you can catch up?

In the mean time here is Episode 20/01 in the
LTW 2012 Winter Challenge

Facts Found:

From positions 1 trough 3 boats are on opposite tacks, with Blue on Port tack, passing in front of Orange on Starboard tack. Orange is sailing about one boat length below the lay-line.

Blue luffs to tack in position 3.

Blue completes her tack to Starboard in the zone at a distance of one boat-length to windward and to the right of Orange, who luffs to head-to-wind to 'shoot' the mark.

Orange looses speed and after having passed the mark, bears off. Blue also bears off and gains speed. She is sailing a course that leaves about one boat-length space between the mark and her.
There is contact in position 5

Orange bears off even more and Blue is forced up.
Orange shouts protest in position 6 and displays a red flag in position 7

The contact caused no damage.
Neither boat took a penalty.

Rules of Part 2 involved: 10, 11, 13, 14, 16.1, 18.2(a), 18.3 and 18.5.

Winter Arrives in England; Broadway Tower, Fish Hill, Worcestershire

As a reminder, these are the Challenge Instructions again: (As AMENDED per 20/01/12 )
You are a member of the PC panel deciding the protest(s)

You are allowed ONE* question (so think about what you want to ask!) by using the comments button before the next Tuesday 08:00 GMT+01:00. (=my time) After that, give me your conclusion and decision, within a week of posting, please. DEADLINE for this episode is 27/01/2012 23:59h.
(*if you ask more than one Q, I’ll answer only the first) & [and as a consequence I’ll edit your comment]

Questions will be answered in the order they are send in, after the deadline. Conclusions and Decisions will be published after one (and a bit) week. Points are awarded on consistency between conclusion and decision, and arguments used to reach them. The more succinct, the better!
[But they must be complete and refer to all rules involved]

Max 10 points per episode. First to reach 100 points wins a Sailors Quarrel Bag including a paper-plate with the Zone and Lay-lines [no second guessing or comments on scoring, please]
One entry per person – AND, you must use a NICKNAME to enter the competition – by sending an Email to me, with your email address, your real name and that nickname. rrs-study (at) home (dot) nl. Please put LTW 2012 Winter Challenge in the subject line. [If you want to remain anonymous use a nickname that isn’t the same or close to, your real name, but it is up to you]

To make it more equal, ISAF IJ’s or IU’s start with minus 25 points.

Good Luck.
Jos.

UPDATE 24/01/2012 08:52 (GMT+1)

Answers to all (seven) questions below in the comments. Welcome to Bowman - a new challenger.
Good luck to all. You have until Friday midnight to send in your entries.

Polly I on tape

2012-01-20T15:52:00.000+01:00

Polly I on tape, at the Groeneveld Cup 2011

The Rise and Downfall of PWB "The Polly I"

2012-01-20T14:04:00.000+01:00

The Groenedijk Class and Event Rules

For the 2011 Groenedijk Cup
31 December 2011 @ 1500
37 Groenedijk, Sneek

Entry Fee: Adults – at least one bottle with appropriate contents (the more appropriate the contents – the more flexible the rules can be.) Children - free

Boat Rules:

Maximum Hull Length Overall: 660 mm
Beam: unrestricted
Sails must fit into a rectangle of 1000 mm x 500 mm
Boats can be of any design and can be built from any material, but the limit of material value is €10. The re-cycling of rubbish (plastic bottles, cans, plastic bags etc) is to be commended.
Bows of multi-hulls are to be connected with, wire, tape, batten or similar (to prevent trapping of other boats)
Construction may not start before 25 December (dated photo of construction may be required), but design and accumulation of materials are permitted
Sailing boats only; no stored power to be used (rubber bands, batteries, radio control, pet dogs, ducks, etc are prohibited.)

Small Print:

There will be as many races as it takes, and as many discards as necessary.
The course will be one way across a suitable stretch of water. The course for the next race will be the reverse of the previous course.
The starting sequence and similar rules shall become known as the event progresses.
The event and boat design may be affected by the temperature of the water, that is, above or below 0oC. Smart design will account for this subtle difference!
Pets, animals and livestock are to be dissuaded from close participation in the racing.
Anything else I can think of, but have forgotten to include here.
There shall be no complaints unless accompanied by a glass of mulled red wine.

Arbitrary rulings on matters related, or unrelated, to the Groenedijk Cup can be obtained from the Chief Race Officer/Judge/Measurer.

Building the Polynesian Warbird "Polly I"

Sailing the Polynesian Warbird "Polly I"

BLUB, BLUB....

I'm over it now... but it took a couple of days......

German Consequences (2)

2012-01-19T11:03:00.000+01:00

Somehow yesterdays post was not included in the feed; I.m reposting the text again and will delete (except for a link) the old post

Recently a ISAF Q&A was published and that changed the interpretation of Case 78. I'm referring to
Q&A 2011-022 A001. Here's the text:

Situation
In a fleet race, Boat A adopts tactics that clearly interfere with and hinder Boat B's progress in the race. While using those tactics, boat A does not break any rule, except possibly rule 2.

Question
In which of the following circumstances would Boat A’s tactics be considered unsportsmanlike and a breach of rule 2?
(a) Boat A’s tactics benefit her series result.
(b) Boat A’s tactics increase her chances of gaining selection for another event. *
(c) Boat A’s tactics increase her chances of gaining selection to her national
     team. *
(d) Boat A and Boat C had agreed that they would both adopt tactics that
     benefited Boat C’s series result.
(e) Boat A was attempting to worsen Boat B’s race or series score for reasons
     unconnected with sport.

* (my highlight)

Answer
In circumstances (a), (b) and (c), Boat A would be in compliance with recognised principles of sportsmanship and fair play because there is a sporting reason for her actions.
In circumstance (d), both Boat A and Boat C would clearly break rule 2. In addition, by receiving help prohibited by rule 41 from Boat A, Boat C would also break rule 41.
In circumstance (e) Boat A would break rule 2 because, with no good sporting

For good measure:
Case 78 states: (but will be amended according to the wording in the Q&A):

Rule 2, Fair Sailing
Rule A2, Series Scores

A boat may position herself in a tactically controlling position over another boat and then slow that boat’s progress so that other boats pass both of them, provided that, if she is protested under rule 2 for doing so, the protest committee finds that that there was a reasonable chance of her tactic benefiting her series result. However, she breaks rule 2 if she intentionally breaks another rule to increase the likelihood of the tactic succeeding.

Go to (pillow)Case of the Week 35 If you want to read the whole case.

As highlighted in the Q&A, the change is in (b) and (c). The number of 'sporting reasons' is increased to include selection for another event or national team.

My Google alert showed that this is something that is now heavily under debate in Germany. Specifically for the Woman 470 selection for the Olympics. An article in the sports section of a newspaper called: Frankfurter Allgemeine:
http://www.faz.net/aktuell/sport/mehr-sport/segel-streit-lutz-macht-weiter-wind-11609447.html

For those of you who don't read German: The article states that one of the teams - loosing the selection to go to the Olympics - has hired a 'high profile' sports advocate to go after the German MNA 'Deutsche Segler Verband' (DSV) to try to reverse its decision to send the other team to Weymouth.

Why is this happening?

At the World Championship 2011 in Perth the two boats had a final change to score points for qualification. One of the boats (GER21) made sure by blocking the progress of the other boat (GER 61) that they would do badly in the regatta and more importantly, would loose the selection to go to the Olympics. GER 61 protested and the International Jury gave its verdict: From the protest summary:

P113 (Closed) 470 Women; Race 8, Protestor: GER 61, Protestee: GER 21, Witness: Tracking system, About RRS 2, date hearing: 16 DEC 2011/18:15, Decision: Protest Dismissed.

The International Jury found that GER 21 had indeed blocked the progress of GER 61 but not by breaking any rules and for the reasons mentioned under (b) and/or (c). Protest was dismissed.

But the consequence was very dramatic for the Crew of GER 61. The final standing in Perth might even have direct influence on their status (read support and money) in the national team.

In the newspaper article the lawyer states:

" The DSV and the (also to be dragged into this fight German Olympic Committee) Deutsche Olympische Sportbund (DOSB) should use there own selection rules and not the recently changed interpretation by ISAF in this case"
"GER 21 should be banned from participating in Weymouth for using this blocking tactic" That would mean automatic qualification for his client.

And in a related article in the same newspaper, the helms-woman of GER 61 declared:

"Some countries have forbidden the sailors of their national teams to use these blocking tactics

The German MNA, Deutsche Segler Verband defended their position on their website (here)

The OSA (The German Olympic Selection Committee) came, after extensive discussion and advice and in light of earlier decisions, unanimously to the same conclusion as the International Jury.

It is now up to the DOSB to make the final decision who's representing Germany in the 2012 Olympics.

Basically the problem boils down to the fact that the selection regulations/criteria in most countries were written long before this new interpretation was published. And therfore didn't take in account that changed interpretation. Sailors will use the rule that most suits their interest - and who can blame that?

Perhaps it would have been better to have waited with this particular Q&A until after the Olympics?
What do you think?

German Consequences?

2012-01-18T23:00:00.000+01:00

The text of this post has been copied and pasted in Thursday's Post: Go to: German Consequences (2)

LTW Readers Q&A (58); New Facts?

2012-01-17T22:43:00.000+01:00

From Andraz, already some time on my shelf, a new LTW Readers Q&A. I think he wrote it after this post: Do you have a watch?

Recently I have had two interesting cases on the hearings, more or less the same thing happened, but still it does not happen very often. Maybe your readers will give it a thought or two, since I noticed different opinions when deliberating the outcome of the hearings.

Boat A protested boat B for infringing rule 13/18.3(a) on the windward mark. Protest form identified the race as race no. 2, both protestor and protestee were identified, there was a witness, "Protest" was hailed immediately, no red flag necessary, other party heard the hail, no other requirements existed.

Jury found the protest valid, read the data written on the form to the parties and heard the stories of both parties and witness. From facts found the jury decided that boat B did break rule 13 and was to be DSQ in race 2.
At the moment the parties were called back in to the jury room, protestee says: "Sorry, everything we told you is true, but the incident happened in race 1."

How do you proceed?

Here are some questions that might help your readers through:

Is such a protest valid?
Can the protestee's comment at the end of a hearing actually change anything?
If the protestor realises he made an error, what is the last time he can change the information on the protest form?
If the jury decides for a penalty, which race will the boat B be disqualified in?
Protestor initially didn't want to come to the hearing. Could he ask for reopening the next day (in less than 24 hours)?
If the protestee didn't check the form prior to the hearing and jury didn't read the data to the parties, could this be an error or omission, ground for a redress?

I think this is a fine example of what can happen if a party does not inspect the protest form prior to the hearing or they are not given enough time to prepare.

Also the jury must take some time to scrutinise every detail of the protest...
Regards, Andraz=

Well Andraz, the only precedent we can use is written in Q&A 2011-021:

J 022 Q&A 2011-021
Published: 3 November 2011

Boat A delivers a protest form to the jury secretary, protesting boat B in race 7. Shortly after the form is delivered, the boat's representative returns and says it was race 8, not race 7 and wishes to amend the protest form.

Question 1

Should the jury secretary permit the competitor to amend the form?

Answer 1

Yes. However, the jury secretary should notify the protest committee of the details of any change to the protest form, the identity of the person who made the change, and the time when the change was made.

Question 2
Does it matter if the protest time limit has expired or not?

Answer 2
No. It is up the protest committee to decide on the validity of the protest.

In my opinion your questions should get these answers:

Up to the panel to decide, but I would vote yes. It is as much the responsibility of the protestee to object and raise this point, as it is for the PC to check.
Yes, it can. If both parties agree it was race 2, not race 1, the PC should amend that.
According to Q&A 2011-021, anytime before the hearing, as long as it is recorded.
Race 1.
If she wouldn't come to the initial hearing, how can the PC decide if she is bringing a new fact that wasn't available at the original hearing? She can ask for re-opening, but I doubt it will be permitted.
It is an error and grounds for redress. The redress should be scoring the sailed finish place in Race 2 instead of DSQ, and DSQ in Race 1.

What is your opinion?

(pillow)Case of the week (03/12) – 27

2012-01-16T10:31:00.000+01:00

CASE 27

Rule 2, Fair Sailing
Rule 14, Avoiding Contact
Rule 15, Acquiring Right of Way

A boat is not required to anticipate that another boat will break a rule. When a boat acquires right of way as a result of her own actions, the other boat is entitled to room to keep clear.

Summary of the Facts

AS was clear ahead of BP when she reached the zone. Between position 1 and 2, AS, a hull length to leeward and a hull length ahead of BP, tacked as soon as she reached the starboard-tack lay line. Almost immediately she was hit and damaged by BP travelling at about ten knots. The protest committee disqualified AS for breaking rule 15. It also disqualified BP under rule 2, pointing out that she knew AS was going to tack but did nothing to avoid a collision. BP appealed, asserting that she was not obligated to anticipate an illegal tack.

Decision

BP’s appeal is upheld. She is to be reinstated.
After AS reached the zone, BP was required to keep clear of AS and give her mark-room under rule 18.2(b). Both these obligations ended when AS passed head to wind because the boats were then on opposite tacks and on a beat to windward. When AS passed through head to wind, BP became the right-of-way boat under rule 13 and held right of way until AS assumed a close-hauled course on starboard tack. At that moment AS, having just acquired right of way under rule 10, was required by rule 15 to give BP room to keep clear. BP took no action to avoid a collision, but what could she have done? Given her speed and the distance involved, she had perhaps one to two seconds to decide what to do and then do it.

It is a long-established principle of the right-of-way rules, as stated in rule 15, that a boat that becomes obligated to keep clear by an action of another boat is entitled to sufficient time for response. Also, while it was obvious that AS would have to tack to round the mark, BP was under no obligation to anticipate that AS would break rule 15, or indeed any other rule. BP broke neither rule 2 nor rule 14.

USSA 1971/140

There are many cases in the casebook that are ‘important’. But, in my opinion, together with Case 50, this case is about a fundamental principle.

The rules don’t demand anticipation. You don’t have to think about what another boat is going to do. You only have to react to what a boat is actually doing. (There’s an exception in rule 18, but I’m going into that, at this moment)

In his Case boat BP had only a few seconds to avoid AS, after AS completed her tack. Although it was obvious that AS wanted to tack to round the mark, she had to, besides judging the room she needed to complete her tack, also to take in consideration the time and space BP would need to keep clear, once she was on starboard. Rule 15 is written to point to that fundamental principle.

One boat length to leeward and one boat length ahead is not enough distance to tack in front. In Match Racing the Umpires would conclude that there was not enough room to tack and therefore BP was in a controlling position.

Penalty PUMA; In-Port Race Abu Dhabi VOR 2012

2012-01-15T19:08:00.001+01:00

Google alert kicked out this article:
http://ecomyachting.com/2012/01/15/skipper-ken-read-has-called-on-race-management-at-volvo-ocean-race/

I tried to find the incident on the television coverage of the race, but no luck. The camera was focused on other boats going trough the spectators fleet at that moment.

Let me therefore start with: THIS IS A FICTIVE REPRESENTATION of what could have happened.
By using (only) Ken Reads description of the incident in above mentioned article this is what I came up with:

I have split Telefonica into two coloured boats. Green and Blue
In position 4 the Blue boat heads up to avoid hitting the Red boat. The Green boat shows what would have happened if that same boat did not change course.
In order to be able to see accurately if the change of course was, or was not, necessary, the umpire boat has to be in a position to see the gab between the boats. The Grey umpire boat represents a possibility (one that would be used in match racing), but there are other places as well.

Again, I do not know if this is anywhere near accurate, nor know where the Umpire boat was at that precise moment. What I do know is that in Umpired fleet racing it is impossible to be at the correct place one hundred percent, all the time. No matter how many Umps you bring on the water.

The Red boat is keep clear boat under rule 11 and after her gybe under rule 10. The Green boat must be able to sail a course with no need to take avoiding action. If the distance between Green's bow and the crossing Red boat was big enough, then Red fulfills her obligation. If it was too close...... Penalty Red.

Claiming Again

2012-01-14T23:02:00.003+01:00

35XUTBPPJJ3M
Disregard this post > Technorati wants me to claim my blog again.
So that is what I'm doing, claim posting

I'd rather you read Yesterday's post. > Have you registered your challenge already?

LTW 2012 Winter Challenge – Episode 01/13

2012-01-13T23:06:00.000+01:00

Facts Found:
Boats are one design 6.5 meter Keelboats, wind is steady, blowing force 3 Beaufort, calm water, close to shore, no big waves.

Position 1: Blue on Port tack and Green on Starboard tack sailing on a beat to windward. Blue is steering a course to pass astern of Green

Position 2: Green luffs preparatory to tacking, still on Starboard tack. Blue heads up, but is still steering to pass (close) astern of Green. Shortest distance between boats, when Blue passes astern, is 0,75 meter.

Position 3: Green has passed head to wind and now on Port tack. Blue heads up to close hauled and just after Green passed head to wind makes an overlap to leeward with Green from clear astern. Distance between bow of Blue and starboard stern of Green, is 2 meters

Position 4: Green completes her tack to close hauled on Port. Blue continues to head up and is now above close hauled also on Port tack. Distance between boats is now less than 0,5 meter.

Position 5: There was contact between boats just after position 4. After that Blue bears away and Green heads up. Both boats protest. Half a minute after the collision Blue does two turns (with 2Gybes&2Tacks), Green does no turns. After coming back ashore Green discovers that there is nicked yell coat scratch amidships, starboard side.
Here’s the animation of the SLAM DUNK:

Rules of Part 2 involved: 10, 11, 13, 14, 16.1, 16.2 and 17.

THE CHALLENGE:

You are a member of the PC panel deciding the protest(s)
You are allowed ONE* question (so think about what you want to ask!) by using the comments button before the next Monday 08:00 GMT+01:00. (=my time)

After that give me your conclusion and decision, within a week of posting, please.
(*if you ask more than one Q, I’ll answer only the first)

Questions will be answered in the order they are send in, after the deadline. Conclusions and Decisions will be published after one week.

Points are awarded on consistency between conclusion and decision, and arguments used to reach them. The more succinct, the better!

Max 10 points per episode. First to reach 100 points wins a Sailors Quarrel Bag including a paper-plate with the Zone and Lay-lines

One entry per person – AND, you must use a NICKNAME to enter the competition – by sending an Email to me, with your email address, your real name and that nickname. rrs-study (at) home (dot) nl. Please put LTW 2012 Winter Challenge in the subject line.

Oooh, before I forget. To make it more equal, ISAF IJ’s or IU’s start with minus 25 points.

Are you up to the challenge?

UPDATE Monday 16/01/12 08:25;

Nine (ten) challengers have entered; Questions have been asked and answered;
Final Entries must be in by Friday 20/01/12 23:59
(I'm not sure what has happened with the timestamps on the comments > my blog is set on GMT+1. Why blogger uses 9 hours earlier, I do not know, but will try to find out)

UPDATE Friday 20/01/12 14:15;
Dear Competitors,
For those of you who haven’t yet send in their decisions and conclusion, the deadline for episode 01/13 is today 20/01/2012 at 23:59h. Earn your first (maximum) ten points and don’t be late!
Good luck! Jos

UPDATE Sunday 22/01/12 14:00;

All recieved answers to LTW 2012 Winter Challenge Episode 13/01 have been posted and scored. I've put my comments below each contestant's entry and the scoring (as well as my answer) in a separate post:
Score 13/01 in LTW 2012 Winter Challenge.

Changing the ranks; one point at a time

2012-01-12T21:30:00.000+01:00

From a presentation I witnessed last Tuesday about the upcoming changes in the rules 2013-2016, I learned that the Bonus point system will be deleted. Rule 90.3, Appendix A4 and A4.1 will be changed accordingly.

I've done a quick calculation, using the results of the recently sailed Yngling 2012 World Championship in Sydney Austrailia to see what the effect on places would have been. Don't get me wrong, I'm not advocating any particular system, just wanted to have a look if it made any difference.

The first 10 boats out of a fleet of 45 with the Low Points System:

Then the first 10 boats with the same results with the Bonus Points System:

Finally the first 10 boats with the Austrian Points System:

What is you opinion?
Is the Low Points System enough, or should we keep an option open for other systems?

In the Extreme Sailing Series we use the Low Points System - but in reverse. First place gets most points and the winner is the boat with the most points in the series. (This is because Joe the Public can't understand that someone with 0 points can win anything)

Explaining

would be next to impossible.

LTW Readers Q&A (57) : Barging 2 ?

2012-01-11T21:12:00.001+01:00

A question on my shelf from Rick. It is a continuation on the previous LTW Q&A (56), as it also involves two boats about to start;

30+ seconds before the start two boats overlapped with the windward boat being slightly forward are being pushed above the committee boat.

As time winds down to the start both boats are behind and to windward of the committee boat when the starting gun goes off. So the question is at this point does the leeward boat have to give room to the windward boat?

Both boats were overlapped and stayed overlapped before entering with-in three boat lengths of the committee boat. This question was presented to three international judges and there conclusion after three days of thinking about it was "good question".

I brought to there attention the 12 metre race start saying that after the gun the committee boat is just another mark of the course and overlap rules apply???

Thanks for thinking about this.

I’ve Emailed Rick to make sure about the situation: We agreed on this picture:

According to Rick’s statement the gun goes off approximately in position 3.

In order to answer Rick’s question I had a look in the Case and Call books – always a good place to start – and found Call UMP 13.

In that Call three situations are pictured with the question:

Blue and Yellow are approaching the committee boat end of the starting line. How do the umpires decide if they are approaching a starting mark to start?

The answer that the call-book provides:

In each of Diagrams a, b, and c the boats may be approaching a starting mark to start. The umpires will use the speed and course of the boats in the prevailing conditions and the time remaining before the starting signal to decide if they are approaching a starting mark to start.

In light of this I would decide that in position 3 both boats are approaching a starting mark to start. In position 2 they are still sailing above the line, but in position 3 they are clearly pointing toward the pre-start side.

Does rule 18 apply?

Looking at the rulebook we find in the preamble of section C:

Section C rules do not apply at a starting mark surrounded by navigable water or at its anchor line from the time boats are approaching them to start until they have passed them. When rule 20 applies, rules 18 and 19 do not.

Whether rule 18 is on or off, does not depend on whether the starting gun has been given or not. Rule 18 (and 19&20) is off until they have passed the starting marks. That happens in position 6.

So, in my opinion, the Leeward Green boat does NOT have to give room to the Windward Blue boat. If Green protested I would DSQ Blue.

Blue is in fact “Barging”

Once she has sailed to position 4 Green cannot luff anymore. That would break 16.1 and probably rule 14. But Blue is not entitled to room – nor under rule 18 or rule 19.

ISAF Q&A’s | Make it a rule!

2012-01-10T09:59:00.000+01:00

ISAF Q&A 2011 – 025 M013 & Q&A 026 G013 were published on the site yesterday. The above quote struck me as one we should keep, don’t you? It would make some issues a lot simpler.

The first one:

ISAF Q&A 2011 – 025 M013

Questions the legalities of abandoning a race when there’s a wind shift of more than 20 degrees, because of a list of rules in 'Rules of Conduct for Conducting National and International Championship Regattas' which is a document incorporated in the rulebook for an ISAF International Class.

Ok.

Read that again.

Done?

Got it? Okay.

This document includes a rule that says, 'A sustained wind variation of 20
degrees or more from the posted bearing during the first leg of a race shall result in that race to be abandoned and re-sailed, or abandoned'.

The rest you have to read yourself… I’m sticking with:

Here is the link to the document: ISAF Q&A 2011 – 025 M013

On with:

Q&A 2011 - 026 G013

Again abandonment.

Does nobody want to sail anymore?

What is this, with all those questions about abandonment?

Situation The sailing instructions has a Mark 1 time limit and also states 'If no boat has passed Mark 1 within the Mark 1 time limit, the race will be abandoned.' Even though no boat passed Mark 1 within the time limit, the race committee did not abandon the race. Some boats requested redress under rule 62.1(a).

It was IN the bloody Sailing Instructions!

That makes it a rule!

How can they not abandon this race! (*&%(*%*()&*()).

They used:

and still they didn’t abandon!

The ff-ing PC can do this one. I’m going home.

You can read the Q&A yourself: ISAF Q&A 2011 – 026 G013

And the booklet too: ISAF Q&A Booklet January 9 2012

(&^(^)(^%#$^)(*&)

I’m abandoning this post.
J.

(pillow)Case of the week (02/12) – 28

2012-01-09T10:12:00.000+01:00

CASE 28

Rule 28.1, Sailing the Course
Rule 32.1, Shortening or Abandoning After the Start
Rule 64.1(c), Decisions: Penalties and Exoneration
Rule A5, Scores Determined by the Race Committee

When one boat breaks a rule and, as a result, causes another to touch a mark, the other boat is to be exonerated. The fact that a starting mark has moved, for whatever reason, does not relieve a boat of her obligation to start. A race committee may abandon under rule 32.1(d) only when the change in the mark’s position has directly affected the safety or fairness of the competition.

Summary of the Facts

As S and P, close-hauled, approached the port end of the starting line, a strong tide was setting them towards the line and the starting line mark.
When S was two hull lengths from the mark, she hailed P to keep clear. There was no response, and S was forced to bear away to avoid a collision. Immediately after the starting signal, P sailed over the mark. As S luffed back to close-hauled, on a course to the wrong side of the mark, it jumped out from under P’s hull and bounced against S. P did not take a penalty, and S did not return to start between the starting marks.

S protested P under rules 10 and 31, and also requested redress, asking that the race be abandoned, citing rule 32.1(d). The protest committee disqualified P for breaking rules 10 and 31, refused S’s request for redress, and scored S DNS. The latter decision was referred to the national authority for confirmation or correction, along with a question: If S had returned to start as required by rule 28.1, could the race have been abandoned under rule 32.1(d) because of the mark having moved?

Decision

Although S touched the mark, she could not be expected to anticipate how it would move when another boat touched it. Therefore, as provided in rule 64.1(c), S is not penalized for contact with the mark because it was P’s two breaches that caused the mark to touch S. However, S could have returned and started as required by rule 28.1. The fact that the starting mark moved does not relieve her of her obligation to start. Because S did not start, the race committee was correct in scoring her DNS (see rule A5).

Rule 32.1(e) makes it clear that the most important criterion for abandoning a race is that, for some reason, the safety or fairness of the competition has been adversely affected. The last sentence of rule 32.1 and the use of ‘competition’ in rule 32.1(e) imply that the adverse event should affect all boats competing. Rules 32.1 (a), (b), (c) and (d) give examples of reasons that may justify abandoning a race; rule 32.1(e) implies that there may be other reasons. In this case, the unexpected movement of the starting mark as a result of P riding over it did not justify abandoning the race. Indeed, the exact position of a mark frequently and routinely changes as a result of wind, current, waves or it having been touched by a boat, even though its anchor does not move. Such movement is a risk that competitors must accept and does not justify abandoning a race.

ARYF 1971

When a boat breaks a rule, exoneration is only available by two ways:

Because the infringement was caused by another boat breaking a rule and thereby forcing the boat to have broken that rule; or
By taking a penalty (which may be to retire from the race), but only for a rule in Part 2 while racing or rule 31.

In this case boat S broke two rules: rule 31 and rule 28.1 For the first she did not have to take a penalty, because option 1 already exonerated her. P forced the mark touch.

For not starting there is no exoneration available. A boat is never forced to not start correctly. S could have gone back and sail between the starting marks. The fact that P initially forced to bear away and end up on the wrong side of the Pin-end, does not negate that.

Boat P also broke two rules: 10 and 31. She was neither forced to do this nor took a penalty. The PC could come to only one conclusion: DSQ.

IOC 2012 Guidelines

2012-01-08T07:23:00.000+01:00

After a comment from Tillerman on yesterday's post I searched for IOC blogging guidelines and found this:
IOC Social Media, Blogging and Internet London 2012 Guidelines