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आदिवासी जनजातिसँग गरिएको सम्झौताको सम्पादित अंश

2012-05-26T18:26:00.003-07:00

गत जेष्ठ ९ गते प्रधानमन्त्री बाबुराम भट्टराई नेतृत्वको सरकारले आदिवासी जनजाति महासंघसँग गरेको नौ बुँदे सहमति यस प्रकार छ ः–
१. नपालको अन्तरिम संविधान( २०६३ धारा, १३८ (१ क) कोे व्यवस्था, संविधानसभा, राज्य पुनर्संचना तथा राज्यशक्ति बाँडफाँड समिति र प्रमुख दलका नेताहरूकोे सहमतिमा गठित राज्य पुनर्संरचना उच्चस्तरीय सुझाव आयोगद्वारा निर्धारित आधार, सिद्धान्त र मापदण्ड एवं विभिन्न आदिवासी जनजाति संघसंस्था तथा दलसँग विभिन्न समयमा राज्य पक्षसँग गरिएका सम्झौताअनुरुप जातीय पहिचानका आधारमा संघीयतासहितको लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्रलाई संस्थागत गरी नेपालमा नयाँ संविधान जारी गराउने ।
२. नयाँ संविधानमा समानुपातिक र समावेशी निर्वाचन प्रणाली अवलम्बन गरी समानुपातिकतर्फ न्युनतम ६० र प्रत्यक्षतर्फ ४० प्रतिशत व्यवस्था गर्ने ।
३. राज्यको हरेक अंग र तहमा जाति÷समुदाय, लैंगिक जनसंख्याका आधारमा समानुपातिक समावेशी प्रतिनिधित्व नयाँ संविधानमा सुनिश्चित गराउने । सीमान्तकृत, अतिसीमान्तकृत तथा अल्पसंख्यक समुदायको हकमा अनिवार्य प्रतिनिधित्वको विशष व्यवस्था गर्ने ।
४. नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता, राष्टिूय एकता, अखण्डता, स्वतन्त्रता र राष्टिूय स्वाभिमानलाई आत्मसात् गर्दै आत्मनिर्णयको अधिकार, अग्राधिकार, स्वशासन र स्वायत्ततासहितका प्रदेश, स्वायत्त क्षेत्र, संरक्षित क्षेत्र एवं विशेष क्षत्र कायम गर्ने ।
५. आदिवासी जनजाति आन्दोलनका भावनालाई सम्मान गर्दै यस क्रममा गिरफ्तार सबैलाई विनासर्त तुरुन्त रिहा गर्ने एवं लगाइएका मुद्दाहरू खारेज र आन्दोलनका क्रममा घाइते सबैको सरकारले निःशुल्क उपचार गर्नेछ ।
६. आन्दोलनको क्रममा भएका थारु संग्रहालयलगायतका क्षतिको स्थानीय प्रशासनबाट लगत लिई पीडित पक्षको सहमतिमा क्षति भएअनुसार आर्थिक सहायता नेपाल सरकारले उपलब्ध गराउनेछ ।
७. आदिवासी जनजाति संघसस्था एवं दलहरूसँगहालसम्म भएका सहमतिहरू एवं पूर्वनिर्णयहरू कार्यान्वयन गर्ने(गराउने ।
८. ब्राह्मण, क्षेत्री र दशनामीलाई आदिवासीको मान्यता दिने सम्बन्धमा आदिवासी जनजातिको विरोधप्रति सरकारको ध्यानाकर्षण भएको छ ।
९. आदिवासी जनजाति संयुक्त संघर्ष समिति, नेपालले आह्वान गरेको २०६९ जेठ १० गतसम्मको देशव्यापी आमहडताल (नेपाल बन्द)कार्यक्रम फिर्ता लिने ।
यो सम्झौता लगत्तै अर्को दिन थारुहरुसँग पनि थरुहट प्रदेशको लागि सम्झौता गरेको थियो ।

संघियताको नाममा सामाजिक सद्भाव नखल्बल्याऔँ

2012-05-26T18:12:00.002-07:00

 चेतराम पौडेल
नेपाल सदियौँ देखि शान्ति भूमि पवित्र हिमाली राज्य भएकाले ठूला साम्राज्यवादीहरु हाम्रा वीर पूर्खा सामु हारेर पछि हटेको ईतिहास हामी सबैका सामु छर्लङ्ग छ । तर केही नेताहरुको बुद्धि विवेकमा खडेरी लागेर यो देशका दाजुभाई दिदी बहिनीहरुलाई आपसमा लडाएर आफ्नो स्वार्थ पूरा गरिरहेका छन् । जुन कुरा अब युवा पुस्तालाई अपाच्य हुने सम्भावना प्रवल बन्दै गईरहेको छ । हामी नयाँ नेपालको नाममा उठेका संघियता जातियता जस्ता नारामा अल्झिएर आफ्नो खुट्टामा आफै बञ्चरो नहानु नै वेश हुन्छ भन्ने पक्षमा उभिँदा सर्वोपरी हित हुन्छ ।
संविधानसभाको औचित्य धेरै पहिलेदेखि नै महसुस गरिएको विषय भएतापनि राष्ट्रियतामा आँच आउने खतरा देखेर हाम्रा पूर्वजहरुले उक्त विषयलाई छाडेर सामाजिक सद्भाव सुदृढ पार्ने काममा लागे फलस्वरुप हामी नेपाली हुनुमा गौरव गर्न लायक भएका छौँ । विदेशी शक्तिहरुले यहाँको सामाजिक सद्भाव खल्बल्याएर हाम्रो प्राकृतिक धरोहरलाई भताभुङ्ग पार्न खोजिरहेको सबैका सामु छर्लङ्गै छ । नेताको विवेकमा ह्रास आएपनि हामी जनताको त विवेक ताजै छ स्वस्थ्य एवं स्वच्छ भएकाले हाम्रो विवेक नगुमाएर आपसी सद्भाव सुदृढ गर्दै जाँदा राष्ट्रियता स्वधर्म संस्कृति संरक्षण हुने देखिन्छ ।
हाम्रा पुर्खाले सिस्नो ढिँडो खाएर देखाएको बहादुरी आजका सन्ततीमा क्रमशः हराईरहेको भान हुन्छ, किनकी विदेशबाट आयातित अस्वस्थकर खाना खाएर युवा पिँढीको विवेकमा धमिरोले आक्रमण गरिहेको छ । यदि पुर्खाले झैँ आफ्नोपनको आहार विहार आचरण जीवन पद्धती नअँगालेमा हाम्रो राम्रो देशको संस्कृति तथा प्रकृति मासिन बेर लाग्दैन ।
मानिस आफै सर्वश्रेष्ठ प्राणी भएकाले अरुबाट सञ्चालित हुन नसक्ने कुरामा सबैको एकमत छ । शक्ति र राजनीतिको लडाइँमा हामी आफ्नोपनलाई नछाडेर अत्यन्त संयमित भै विवेक शक्तिलाई सदुपयोग गर्न सबैलाई सचेत बनाउने शिक्षित वर्ग लाग्नु परेको छ । आजभोलि दिनदिनै बन्द, हडताल, झगडा गरेर समाजमा अभाव तनाव उत्पन्न गर्न जो कोही लागिपरेका भए पनि उनीहरुको विवेकले सुकर्म गरेजस्तो सर्वसाधारणलाई लाग्दैन । अतः ज्ञान विवेक क्षमताको सदुपयोग गर्दै पूर्खाले आर्जित पुण्यभूमि नेपाललाई बिखण्डन हुनबाट बचाउन नै हामी सबैको परम कर्तव्य ठहर्छ । आदरणीय राजनेताहरु ! एकपटक सोचेर नेपाल र नेपालीको हितका लागि समझदारी सहमती तथा सद्भाव बढाउने मन वचन कर्ममा लाग्नुहोस् ।
यो देशमा भएका प्राकृतिक तथा साँस्कृतिक धरोहरलाई जोगाएर सदुपयोग गर्दा हामी सम्पन्न हुन्छौँ । विद्यालयलाई शान्तिक्षेत्र पारेर व्यवहारिक शिक्षा दिन हरेक शिक्षक लाग्नु परेको छ । कृषकले आफ्नो खेतबारीमा प्राङ्गारिक मल बीउको जोहो गरी खेती गरी स्वस्थ एवं स्वच्छ खाद्य पदार्थ उत्पादन गर्नु परेको छ । उद्यमी तथा व्यापारीवर्गले कुनै पनि वस्तुको उत्पादन संकलन भण्डारण तथा विक्री वितरण गर्दा कमसल वस्तु नमिसाएर पनि मुनाफा कमाउन सक्छन् । राजनेताहरुले प्रशासन, व्यवस्थापन एवं सुशासनमा आफ्नो क्षमता देखाउँदा विवके प्रयोग गर्नुपर्दछ । अन्य पेशा व्यवसायमा लागेका सबैले आ–आफ्ना क्षेत्रमा सामाजिक एवं साँस्कृतिक सदव कायम राख्नु नै सबैलाई राम्रो हुनेछ । जय जन्मभूमि नेपाल ।

एकमना सरकार हलिमय् हे तनावनेधुंगु दु – डा. केशवमान शाक्य

2012-05-26T18:07:00.002-07:00

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ंथ्व सरकार नियमित सरकारथेँ मखु, थ्व सरकार राष्ट्रिय सरकार खः । उकेँ थुज्वगु सरकारय् छम्ह सभासद् दुगु पार्टी जक मखु छम्ह हे सभासद् मदुगु पार्टी समेत दुथ्याईगु अवसर वय्फु । उके मन्त्रि पदया गरिमा सभासद् दुगु वा मदुगु हुनिं फरक जुईगु मखुसेँ मुलुकया आवश्यकता स्वया थुज्वगु निर्णय जुईगु खः । नापं थ्व ईलय् हलिमय् यक्व थास्य मिलीजुली सरकार जक दु छथाय् निथाय् जकः हे एकमना सरकार दु । उकेँ आ पुलांगु तरिकाया हे संसदीय पद्धतीया प्रक्रियायात कया कपाः स्याकेमागु अवस्था मखु ।
 अथेसा आः संसदय् प्रतिपक्षया स्थान म्वाःगु खःलाः ?
ंअथेला मखु तर प्रतिपक्ष वा सत्तापक्ष न्ह्यागु धासां मिलेजुया वनेगुया विकल्प मदु । गुगुनं छगु दलं सरकार सञ्चालन यायेगु अवस्था बुलुहुँ भारत, युरोपय् समेत तनावंगु दु । जिगु विचारय् ला एकमना सरकार सञ्चालन यायेगु धैगु आ सम्भव नं मन्त ।
 काँग्रेस व एमाले थ्व सरकार त्वतेधुंका आ ला राष्ट्रिय सरकार मखुत नि ?
ंविशेष कारणं काँगे्रस व एमालें सरकार त्वतुसां ईमिसं गठन याईगु मेगु सरकार नं राष्ट्रिय सरकार हे गठन याईगु जुईगुलिं थुकेँ खास असर मयाथेँ च्वं । नापं थ्व छन्हु निन्हुया वार्गेनिङ्ग जक खः । जेष्ठ १४ गते चान्हय् १२ बजे तकया दुने प्यंगु तःधंगु दलतय् दथुई कचवं तनेगुं थ्व सरकार हाकनं राष्ट्रिय सरकारया स्वरुप काई ।
 जेष्ठ १४ दुने संविधान दय्केफैतिनी ला थेँ ?
ंजेष्ठ १४ गते चान्हय् १२ बजे तक्व वार्गेनिङ्गया नितिं प्यंगु दलं थःथःगु अडान तया खँल्हाबल्हा याई वयाहे बीचय् संविधान जारी यायेगु वा संविधान दयेकेफैगु वातावरण तयार जुई उकेँ आत्तय् जुईमागु अवस्था मदु । प्रमुख दलतसेँ गम्भीर छलफल न्ह्याकाच्वँगु दु उकेँ उमिसं कन्हय् तक्व या दुने छुँ नं कथंया निकास बिई ।
 तर माओवादीं ला जेष्ठ १४ लिपाः सरकार सदन व सडक स्वतं कब्जा यायेगु खँ धयाच्वंगु दु नि ?
ंथ्व खँ नं न्ह्याग्गुं नं राजनैतिक दलं थःगु खँ मानेयायेकेया निंतिं बीईगु ख्याच्वः सिबाय् छुं नं मखुथेँ ता जितला । उकेँ जेष्ठ १४ या दुने हे छुं कथंया लिच्व वई आशा याये संविधानया विषयलय् नं प्रष्ट खँ वई ।
 नेपाः राष्ट्रिय पार्टीया आ वईगु कार्यक्रम त छु दु थेँ ?
ंप्यदँ न्ह्यःया संविधानसभाया चुनावय् भाग कायेत जक स्थापित नेपाः राष्ट्रिय पार्टीं उबले छक्वलं हे संविधान सभाय् छगु सिट त्याका कया । थ्व प्यदँया दुने नेपाः राष्ट्रिय पार्टीयात नेवाःतय् दथुई थःगुलागिं ल्वाईगु वा राजनीति याईगु नेवाःतय्गु पार्टीया रुपय् विकास यायेगु कोशिस याना । थुकेया फलस्वरुप थौँ राष्ट्रिय सरकारय् जिमिगु पार्टी नं सरकारय् दुथ्यायेमागु तक्व अवस्था वल थुकेँयाना नेपाः राष्ट्रिय पार्टी नेपाःया राजनीतिई थःगु छगु छुट्टै पहिचान दयेकुगु दु धैगु जिमिगु बिश्वास खः । जिमिसं दक्कलय् न्हापं थानकोट लागाय् पार्टीया कमिटी दयेकागु खः । दोस्रोलय् सक्व लागाय् जिमिगु कमिटी दयेकागु खः । थ्व पार्टी विस्तार अभियान आः जिल्ला जिल्लाय् नं न्ह्यावनाच्वंगु दु । नेवाः त गन गन दु अन अन नेपाः राष्ट्रिय पार्टीया विस्तार यायेगु जिमिगु तातुना खः ।
 सक्वय् थेँ हे त्वनेगु लः या समस्या मेथाय् नं दु थुकेया नितिं सरकारी स्तर पाखेँ छु ज्या यायेमाथेँ च्वं ?
ंजिं जिगु मन्त्रालयपाखेँ यायेमागु कोशिस ला या हे याये । तर सक्वया त्वनेगु लः या विषय व थन जुयाच्वंगु समस्याया अध्ययन यायेधुंका जिं वातावरण मन्त्रालय व वन एवं भूमिसुधार मन्त्रालय, भौतिक योजना मन्त्रालय अले कृषि मन्त्रालय समेत जाना गथेयाना त्वनेगु लः सम्बन्धी विशेष ऐन हया वा थ्व विषयलय् गहन अध्ययन याना सरकारी नीति गुकथं दयेकेमा धकाः अध्ययन अनुसन्धान याना विशेष रुपं राष्ट्रिय नीति दयेकेगु विषयलय् जिमिसं पहल यायेगु विचा यानागु दु । सरकारी स्तरं विशेष नीति हया त्वनेगु लः सम्बन्धी उपभोक्ताया विशेषाधिकारया सम्मान यायेकथं नीति नियम दयेकेमा धैगु जिमिगु विचाः दु ।
 छिगु मन्त्रालय पाखेँ उपत्यकाया वातावरण सम्बन्धी समस्याय् छु ज्या यायेत्यंगु दु थेँ ?
ंदक्कलय् न्हापं ला वातावरण एवं विज्ञान प्रविधी मन्त्रालय सरकारय् च्वनिपिं नेतातय् नजरलय् हे मलानि उकेँ याना थ्व मन्त्रालय महत्वपूर्ण जुया नं छायाँय् लाःथेँ जितः ता । तर नं काठमाडौँ उपत्यका व समग्र नेपाःया हे सवालय् वातावरण मन्त्रालयं शहरीकरणं जुईगु वातावरण प्रदूषण, वन विनाश आदिया कारणं जुईगु प्रदूषण एवं प्राकृतिक विपदाया विषयलय् वन मन्त्रालय, भूमिसुधार मन्त्रालय, यातायात व्यवस्था मन्त्रालय, भौतिक योजना मन्त्रालय नापं जाना समग्ररुपय् छगु हे नीति ज्वना गथेयाना ज्या न्ह्याके फै अलय् वातावरण मन्त्रालयया जिल्ला जिल्लाय् पहुँच गथेयाना दयेकेगु धैगु विषयलय् अध्ययन याना च्वनागु दु ।
 सूचना प्रविधी सम्बन्धी ज्या गुकथं न्ह्यानाच्वंगु दु थेँ ?
ंसूचना प्रविधी सम्बन्धी कम्प्युटर एवं इन्फर्मेशन टेक्नोलोजी सम्बन्धी सम्पूर्ण ज्याया नितिं सूचना प्रविधी विभाग गठन याना ज्या न्ह्याकेगु नीतिं क्याविनेटं पास यायेधुंकुगु दु । आ सूचना प्रविधी आयोगया ज्या थ्व हे विभागं याई । थ्व २१ औँ शताव्दीया युग धैगु सूचना प्रविधीया युग खः उकेँ थ्व विषयलय् मन्त्रालय गम्भीर जुया ज्या न्ह्याकाच्वंगु दु ।
 वातावरण सम्बन्धी जनचेतना हयेगु नीतिं छु कार्यक्रम दु ?
ंवातावरण सम्बन्धी जनचेतनाया नीतिं विभिन्न क्षेत्रं ज्या न्ह्याकेगु तातुना वातावरण मन्त्रालयं मुलुकभर हे मेमेगु सरोकारवाला मन्त्रालयनापं जाना कार्यक्रम यायेगु व सरकारी स्तरं थ्व सम्बन्धी ज्या न्ह्याकेबलय् छगु हे कथं न्ह्याकेगु विचार जुया च्वंगु दु । थ्व हे विचाःकथं वातावरण मन्त्रालय जनचेतना सम्बन्धी कार्यक्रम न्ह्याकेगु जुई ।
 नेपाः या राजनैतिक पार्टीतय् अवस्था छु दु गथे जुई माः थेँ च्वँ ?
ंथौँ या अवस्थाय् धायेगु खःसा दल तयेगु स्थिती तसकं खराब दु । दलतय् दथुई अविश्वास ब्वलनाच्वंगु दु । यदि संविधानसभां संविधान जारी मजुल धासा देशय् हे तःधंगु संकट वई थुखेर दलतसें ध्यान बिउ थेँ मच्वं । उकेँ थ्व विषयलय् दलतय्त दबाव विईगु लागिं नागरिक समाजं हस्तक्षेप यायेमाथेँ च्वं । थुथाय् जातिय द्वन्द्व बढय् यानां जक समस्या ज्यनि थेँ जिँ मताः । ब्रम्हु, क्षेत्री, दलित, जनजाति, मधेशी थःथवय् ल्वानां मुलुक तःधंगु द्वन्द्वय् जक वनि समस्या ज्यनिमखु ।
 नागरिक समाज धायेबलय् विशेष याना सु सु व्यक्ति सहभागी जुईमाथेँ च्वं ?
ंनागरिक समाजपाखेँ पद्मरत्न तुलाधर दाई व दमननाथ ढुंगाना दाईयात थ्व जिम्मेवारी बिईमाथेँ च्वं । वयकपिन्त प्यंगुलिं तःधंगु दलतय्सं बिश्वास व भलसा काईगु जुगुलिं वयकः पिनी भूमिका महत्वपूर्ण जुईफईगु आशा याना । वय्कपिंसं स्विट्जरल्याण्ड यंका प्यंगुलिं दलतय्त एकान्त वार्ता याकेत्यंगु खः तर ऐन मौकाय् थ्व विषय पिने चर्चा जुगुलिं दलतय् नेतातय्त समस्या जुया जक वार्ता मजुगु खः उकेँ वय्कपिंसं पहल यासा थ्व समस्या ज्यंके अपुईगु बिश्वास जिमिसं यानागु जुल ।
 अन्त्यय् लावण्य सन्देश मार्फत छिं धायेमागु छुं खँ ?
ंसक्वया हे लोकप्रिय पत्रिका लावण्य सन्देशयात दक्कलय् न्हापं ला सुभाय् देछाय् । सक्व धैगु झी नेवाः तय् नितिं नमूनाया रुपय् च्वनाच्वंगु ऐतिहासिक धरोहर खः । थ्व थासय् या वातावरण अलय् थ्व देशया चाःकछिं च्वंगु वातावरणीय सौन्दर्य समेत तसकं बांला । थन नेवातय् कला संस्कृति रहनसहन सकल्यं ल्यंदनि उकेँ थ्व ऐतिहासिक नगरीयात विकास या लँय् यंकेवलय् नं थ्व नगरीया सौन्दर्य मतनिगु ढङ्गं यायेमाथेँ च्वं । अन्तय् प्यंगुलिँ प्रमुख दलतय्त संविधान जारी यायेगु लागिं सद्बुद्धि विईत भगवानयाके प्रार्थना याये । मुलुक द्वन्द्वय् वनकिं सुयां जीत मजुईगु पक्कापक्की खः ।

विराटनगरमा भिखारीहरुको प्रदर्शन

2012-05-26T18:01:00.001-07:00

साँखु÷विराटनगरमा भिखारी एकता समाजको नाममा गत जेष्ठ १३ गते करिब ७०÷८० जना भिखारीहरुले प्रदर्शन गरेका छन् । उनीहरुले दान दातव्यका रुपमा भिखारीहरुलाई पैसा दिँदा कम्तिमा रु. ५ दिन पर्ने व्यवस्था कानुनी रुपमै गरियोस् भन्ने माग गरेका थिए ।

विराटनगरको कालीमन्दिरबाट सुरु भएको उक्त जुलुसले नगरको विभिन्न भागको परिक्रमा गरेको थियो । उनीहरुले संघियतामा आफ्नो हक अधिकारको सुनिश्चितता हुनुपर्ने माग समेत गरेका थिए । यस अघि कुसुण्डा जातिका राजा मामा, राउटे जातिले समेत संघियतामा आफ्नो हक अधिकार सुनिश्चित हुनुपर्ने माग गरिसकेका छन् ।

आफ्नै पार्टीका प्रधानमन्त्री विरुद्ध अविश्वास प्रस्ताव !

2012-05-26T17:59:00.000-07:00

साँखु÷गत शनिबार जेष्ठ १३ गते नेकपा एमाओवादीका वैद्य पक्ष र नेकपा एमालेका सभासद् एवं नेताहरु एमाओवादीका नेता कुलप्रसाद केसीको निवास थापागाउँमा भेला भएका छन् । सो भेलामा उनीहरुले बाबुराम भट्टराईविरुद्ध अविश्वास प्रस्ताव ल्याउने बारे चर्चा गरेका थिए ।
तर भ्यागुताको धार्नी भनेजस्तै उक्त भेलाले कुनै निर्णय भने गर्न सकेनन् । खाली प्रधानमन्त्री बाबुराम भट्टराईलाई वैद्य पक्षका नेताहरुले दबावमा राख्न मात्रै यस्तो पहल थालेको राजनैतिक वृत्तमा चर्चामा आएको छ । सो भेलामा अविश्वासको प्रस्ताव ल्याउने चर्चा भएतापनि आफ्नै सरकार विरुद्ध अविश्वास प्रस्ताव ल्याउन एवं छलफल गर्न वैद्य पक्षकै कतिपय नेताहरु तयार नदेखिएपछि सो प्रस्ताव त्यसै तुहिएको छ ।
त्यसैगरी नेकपा एमालेको विशेष भेलामा समेत प्रधानमन्त्री बाबुराम भट्टराईविरुद्ध अविश्वास प्रस्ताव ल्याउन भनि हस्ताक्षर संकलन गर्न खोज्दा जनजाति सभासद्हरुले हस्ताक्षर गर्न नमानेपछि अविश्वास प्रस्तावको विषय त्यत्तिकै तुहिएको बुझिएको छ ।
एमालेको संसदीय कार्यालयमा भएको भेलामा पार्टी अध्यक्ष झलनाथ खनालले खाली पन्नामा हस्ताक्षर संकलन गर्न खोजेका थिए । तर जनजाति सभासद्हरुले उक्त हस्ताक्षर एकल जातीय संघियताविरुद्ध प्रयोग हुने भनि हस्ताक्षर गर्न नमानेपछि ह्वीप जारी गर्न खोजेका थिए । तर जनजाति सभासदहरुले त्यस विषयमा होहल्ला गरी छलफल नै गर्न नमानेपछि हस्ताक्षर संकलन समेत गर्न सकेन ।
यसैबीच नेपाली काँगे्रसले भने पार्टी एकढिक्का भएको संकेत गरेको छ । केही अगाडि सम्म पार्टीको केन्द्रिय बैठकमा समेत नदेखिएका शेरबहादुर देउवा गत शुक्रबारदेखि बैठकमा उपस्थित हुन थालेका छन् भने जनजाति सभासद्हरुले समेत पार्टी एकताको लागि आफूहरुले उठाउँदै आएको एकल जातीय प्रदेशको सवालमा पार्टीले उचित समयमा उचित निर्णय नगरेको भन्दै आलोचना गर्दै संसदीय दल एकढिक्का रहेको जनाउ दिएका थिए । काँगे्रस नेताहरुले राष्ट्रपतिसँग समेत जेष्ठ १४ पछिको स्थितीबारे छलफल गरेका थिए भने प्रधानमन्त्री बाबुराम भट्टराईले पनि कानुनविद्हरुसँग छलफल गरेका थिए ।

Nepal is Very Rich in Culture

2012-05-19T22:12:00.000-07:00

chet ram poudel

During the month of Ashwin/Kartik in the Bikram Sambat calendar (late September and early October), the Nepalese people indulge in the biggest festivals of the year, Dashian and Deepawali. Dashain is the longest and the most auspicious festival in the Nepalese annual calendar, celebrated by Nepalese of all caste and creed throughout the country. The fifteen days of celebration occurs during the bright lunar fortnight ending on the day of the full moon. Then The festival of lights begins with fraternity Deepawali is celebrated for five days as yampanchak. In Newari community there is Mhapuja (worshipping ownself) on Gobhardan puja day. Gyalbo Lhosar is the celebration of Tibetan New Year. The Tibetan calendar is made up of twelve lunar months and Lhosar begins on the first day of the first month. This Lhosar is celebrated in Nepal mostly by Sherpa. Tamang. Bhutia and Yolmo. Different communities and different placed have their own way of celebration. Holi is festival of color. This festival is also the farewell of winter and welcoming of summer. Holi is celebrated in full moon dayiIn Phalgun. Hence, Holi is lso called Fagu Pumima. Maghe Sankranti is the beginning of the holy month of Magh, usually the mid of January It brings an end to the ill-omened month of Poush (mid-december) when all religious ceremonies are forbidden. Even if it is considered the coldest day of the year, it marks the coming of warmer weather and better days of health and fortune .(Nepalka Rastria Chad Parbaharu Dr. Rishiram Sharma)

As the Sun enters the southern hemispheres, people in Nepal celebrate Maghe Sankranti. On this very day people take early morning bath if possible in a holy river of Bagmati, put on the best of clean clothes and visit Lord Vishnu's temples to pay their homage to the god with puja items like flowers, license, fruits etc. At home they read Bhagwad Gita. a sacred Hindu book. Messaging entire body with mustard oil is regarded as very auspicious on the particular day Nepali family enjoys a hearty delicious meal comprising rice cooked with lentils, yams and sweets like laddu made from seasame and sugarcane paste etc. On this day people in huge numbers gather around Devghat in Chitwan to take a dip into the meeting point of river Kali Gandaki and Trisuli. Such action is believed to free devotees from sins, cleanse their soul and make them closer to god. This day onwards days get longer and warmerm-(Vedic Dharma) Here Lord Krishna is telling Arjuna that people that worship the dame-gods they are intact worshipping Lord Krishna. so you may think that "yes I can worship any DevilDevta and this is just the same path as worshipping the Supreme Lord Krishna" but in fact Lord Krishna also says that 'Because the devotees are indirectly worshiping Me they are worshipping me in a wrong way.

There are festivals in the world Most of the festivals have the themes of sharing and assimilating in the societies meeting. Sitting eating and sharing sorrow and pleasure among each other. There was civilization started in each society with the mission of well being of human kind but some where the women only are compelled to perform religious tasks to maintain long life of their husbands or to get good they do such works for their future husbands. But the males do religious performance to maintain their own health and well being.

According to the festivals of Nepal by Dr.Rishi Ram, some people take fast purification as the ritual of some Communities, some follow the culture as the fashion, own culture common responsibility. we should have closer relationships based on mutual understanding. In all religious thoughts carry the same message with different philosophical approaches ye even if we believe ourselves religious, at very critical times, we allow power and money to take precedence the time has come to concentrate on spiritual studies, feeling inner values like compassion and warm heartedness. Similarly there is saraswati pooja in mid Magh (January/February). It is celebrated as the birthday of Saraswati, the Goddess of Learning. She is the lily-white daughter of Shiva and Durga in spotless white robe and seated in a full-blown lotus. Likewise there is Maha Shiva Ratri This day is the celebration dedicated to the Lord Shiva which falls on the Trayodashi of the month Falgun (February/March).The Nepalese people have always been family oriented. They take great pride in their ancient tradition of closely-knit family unit. This sort of kinship is not only the result of religious teachings, but also due to various festivals and ceremonies, which brings the family together and strengthens the family ties in the Nepalese society. In some communities there is discrimination between caste creed and gender which we have to study and avoid by maintaining the social harmony.

Religions of the world Any way we have to preserve the diversity of culture for the future generations. On the other hand the early civilization must be exposed to the offspring in time to time. That's why every culture must be studied by everyone.

"Mother and Motherland are greater"

Nepal is Very Rich in Culture-4

2012-05-15T17:53:00.002-07:00

Nepal is garland of multi-ethnic groups with its multi-cultural diversity. It is to be understood that all of them have to be studied and preserved (Baral, Mager 1993).Traditionally, the ritual of Teej is obligatory for all Hindu married women and girls who have reached puberty, Exception is made for the ones who are ii or physically unfit. In such circumstances a priest performs is the rites. Teachers come second (after the gods) in the Hindu hierarchy of respect. The full moon day of the month June/July is set aside for students to pay homage to their teachers and receive blessings from them in return. At a place called Vyas on the kathmandu.Pokhara highway, special worship is performed to Maharishi Vyas, the saint who wrote the great Hindu epic, Mahabharat. For Buddhists, the occasion (Dilla Punhi) is sacred as the day w the Buddha to be entered the wonb of Queen Myadevi. Religious functions are held at monasteries and temples to commemorate the event.

There are Special flags, usually red, blue; yellow and white can be seen flying high above all the Buddhist households. Lord Shiva as the Supreme God has five important as creator, preserver, destroyer, concealer, and revealer (to bless). He lives In Himalaya at the northern. With the view to develop the knowledge the study is essential for the further study as well as planning. The study report Is expected to be the bases for over all development helps anthropologists to avoid equating human nature. for example, with the peculiarities of our own contemporary society, Quite simply, just because we all take some belief or style of behavior granted in the present, does not mean human beings everywhere, or throughout human history, would have agreed. As John Bodley (1999) puts it an examination of the wide diversity & societies encourages anthropologists "to view their own culture through an outsiders eye. o fri other words. studying other cultures with very different understandings of the world. very different customs arid styles of life, leads to what anthropologists refer to.

"Those who are devotees of other gods and who worship them with faith actually worship only Me. O! son of Kunti, but they do so in a wrong way." - Gita Chap 9 text 23.

Nepal is country with socio-cultural diversity ,The impact of the socio-cultural diversity is easily seen in aboriginal people (Bhattachan 2000) It is understood that if anyone of these culture gets disappeared the whole Nepalese culture is affected. So in order to foster our own culture there must be studied and preserved the culture of different ethnic groups The Geeta, Bible, Kuran, Tripitak. The fasting is obviously contraindicated for some.

The biggest problem facing the world today is not people dying in the streets of Calcutta and not inflation, but spiritual deprivation… this feeling of emptiness associated with' feeling separate from God, and from all our sisters and brothers on planet Earth."--Mother Teresa. 1979 Nobel Peace laureate .There are many pathways to one's spiritual enfoldment. Of which fasting is merely one which all 'eat religions have used, historically, albeit an incremental aspect And four, presently on our Earth, this long-term, global religious war resulting hoc' extreme fundamentalism on both sides, has ignited a conflict that is just beginning be.een good religion and bad religion, that will last a generation, and that is pushing fundamentalists closer to the use of weapons of mass destruction, with time running out.

Each god and goddess in Hinduism is a path to reach the ultimate reality. If .i are not happy with the 330 million, create a new god and pray to It. This new god will be a new path to merge with the Brahman "Each god and goddess In Hinduism is a path to reach the ultimate reality. If you are not happy with the 330 million, create a new god and pray to it. This new god will be a new path to merge with the Brahman."

Firstly, It is a common myth that "each god/goddess Is a path to the ultimate reality" - In the Gita Lord Krishna instructs Arjuna many times about the difference between worshipping the Devi/Devtas (Lord Ganesh, Durga Mata, Lord Shiva. etc) and worshipping the Supreme Lord (Krishna/Narayana) : Some women take fast without a morsel of food or drops of water while others take liquid and fruit In Hindu Teej (Haritalika) Gaily dressed women can be seen dancing and singing on the street leading to Shiva temples. But the main activities take place around the Pashupatinath temple where women circumambulate the Lingam, the phallic symbol of the lord, offering flowers, sweets and coins. The main pooja (religious ceremony) takes place with offerings of flowers, fruits etc made to Shiva and Parbati, beseeching their blessing upon the husband and family. The important part of the pooja is the oil lamp which should be alight throughout the night for It is bad omen if it dies away. In the Chhath of Kartik month the people of Tarai community dip in the riversides to purify themselves. There are similar beliefs to fast and take the holy bath In Magh as Makersnan in the cold water in the various rivers eg Kankai of Jhapa, Rihar of Dang, Barahakshetra of Sunsari. Gairkhuri of Tehrathum, Maithan of Sindhuli, Thakurdwar of Bardia, Ridi of Gulmi and Devghat of Chitwan of Nepal to avoid the sins.

Nepal is Very Rich in Culture-3

2012-05-09T18:28:00.003-07:00

Chet Ram Paudel

Nepal has religious tolerance as secular state. The most notable feature in religious ritual is the division between purity and pollution. Religious acts presuppose some degree of impurity or difilement for the practitioner, which must be overcome or neutralized before or during ritual procedures. Purification, usually with water, is thus a typical feature of most religious action. Avoidance of the impure-taking animal life, eating flesh, associating with dead things, or body fluids is another feature of Hindu ritual and is important for repressing pollution. In a social context, those individuals or groups who manage to avoid the impure are accorded increased respect. God is the short form of generator operator and destroyer of the evils. Hence Brahma Vishnu and Maheswar are considered in the God in Hinduism. Still another feature is a belief in the efficacy of sacrifice, including survivals of Vedic sacrifice. Thus, sacrifices. Thus, sacrifices may include the performance of offerings in a regulated manner, with the preparation of sacared space, reciation of texts, and manipulation of objects. In all the religions there is honesty truth and social harmony as common theme.

The another feature is the concept of merit, gained through the performance of charity or good works that will accumulate over time and reduce sufferings in the next world. The home is the place where most Hindus conduct their worship and religious rituals. The most important times of day for performance of household rituals are dawn and dusk, although especially devout families may engage in devotion more often. For many households, the day begins when the women in the house draw auspicious geometric designs in chalk or rice flour on the floor or the doorstep. The belief and the practice of Buddhism in Nepal dates back to the time of Prince Siddharth Gautam, who was born in the southern Terai region of the country in about 543 BC. Till he was 29, the young prince led a very sheltered life in the royal palace of his father. He was completely unaware of the tragedies of everyday life. One day, he convinced his charioteer to take himm outside the walls of his palace and he was shocked to see the sight of an old man, a cripple, and a corpse. The realization that there was more to life than the lavish and luxurious life he was leading, made him abandon all the worldly pleasures and search for enlightenment and the true meaning of life. After much wandering and searching, Gautam finally attained enlightenment while meditating under a pipal tree. Henceforth, known as the "Buddha" or "the enlightened one" he began to preach "The Four Noble Truths" to all who would listen. According to this doctrine, people suffer because of their desires and the root cause of all misery is desire. These desires and consequently all problems can be totally eliminated by following the "eightfold path" - right views, right intent, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right meditation. Prayers are sung and the Buddhists offer worship in all the major Buddhist Shrines such as Sweayambhu and Boudhnath. At Swayambhunath, for example millions of devout Buddhists gather to chant prayers and to burn butter lamps.

The communities with their cultural background. The Himalayan dwellers including Bhote Sherpa community especially follow the Lhosar, the Newars particularly in the valleys follow Jatras, The Tharus in Terai mainly celebrate Chhath and holi. The hilly settlers Brahmans as well as Kshetries follow Dashain Deepawali, Mahashivaratri, holi, Ramnawami, Krishnajanmashtami, Haritalika and so on. All the people whoever wherever they stay celebrate Dashain, Deepawali Father's day, Mother's day commonly. There are different traditional beliefs and practices of all the people in this world. Whoever wherever stay they have own ways of rites and ritual traditionally.

There are ample rites rituals and festivities in Nepal. If we visit to the west there is Gaura Parba for revealing the freedom of the women. Like wise there is festivities e.g. Chandi Naach Sakela Chasok, Tangnam, Shyadhar, Chasuwa along wiht Udhyauli and Ubhyauli in the Kirant society to the eastern hills which mark social harmony. The Christmas day es celebrated in Christian Society and ID is enjoid by the Muslims. The festivals maintain fraternity among each other. The concept of culture is anthropology's key concept. Besides the culture concept, however, anthropology also various other distinctive waysd of thinking about the world or about human cultures and societies. Of course this is true of any academic discipline, each of which is guided by certain models or premises concerning the world and how it approaches the phenomena it studies.

There are temples of Hindus, Monasteries for Buddhists, Mosques for Muslims and Churches for the Christians. A cross-cultural or comparative approach is central to anthropological understanding. This emphasis also makes anthropology unique among the social sciences. Unlike sociologists, psychologists, economists and political scientists, anthropologists look beyond the confines of our own society and compare it to the beliefs and practices of other societies, past and present. Where a sociologist, for example, may attempt to explain social organization with reference only to their own society, an anthropologists would almost invariably go on to compare and contrast our own patterns of social organization with other societies. Ritual world of Hinduism, manifestations of which differ greatly among regions, villages, and individuals offers a number of common features that link all Hindus into a greater Indian religious system and influence other religions as well. By the practice of religion or culture everyone can feel peace tranquility at every step of life.

Contd......

Nepal; rich on culture and nature

2012-05-02T08:20:00.002-07:00

According to the holy books, the Goddess Parbati fasted arid prayed fervently for the great Lord Shiva to become her spouse Touched by her devotion, he took her for his wile Goddess Parbati, in gratitude sent her emissary to preach and disseminate this religious fasting among mortal women, promising prosperity and longevity with their family. Thus was born the festival of Teej. Below Lord Krishna speaks of the importance of meditating on the form of Lord Krishna - he does not say ‘meditate on any form or make your own form up’.
‘Therefore, Arjuna. you should always think of Me in the form of Krishna and St the same time carry out your prescribed duty of fighting. With your activities dedicated to me and your mind and intelligence fixed on me, you will attain Me without doubt.” Bhagabatgita chap 8 text 7.
I hope these explanations - based on the Gita - help to dismiss any misconceptions. Every caste creed and community has own kind of rite or ritual in the society in this world. There is also fasting clause in the bible. When you fast, anoint your heed and wash your face so that you do not appear to others to be fasting, but to your Father, who is in the secret place; and your Father, who sees in secret, will reward you openly”. .Jesus Christ Similarly there is also fasting system in Kuran. She or he who does good of her or his own accord shall be rewarded, but to fast is better for you. It you but knew it. Mohammed, However, because of their past migration as traders and merchants, they also were found in virtually all the market centers, especially in the hills, and as far away as Lhasa in Tibet. Most investigations of ethnic groups have been made in connection with studies of race, relations and stratified societies by American scholars, for example Mae Cron (1937) Nepal’s Swasthani festival Festivals of Nepal reflects Nepal culture, Nepal tradition and custom. It plays vital roles in the lives of Nepalese.
Swasthani is very popular In Nepal and India The fast Is taken especially by females In the belief of getting perfect bridegroom, wising the long lives of husband and to fulfill his/her wishes. Before starling a month long fast, the woman takes a bath in sacred river and read or hears the Swasthani every day. There are all total 31 chapters In Swasthani and they have to be read within a month. There is no problem If one (the subject) completes the book many times within this period. The subject takes holy bath and fasts every day before having sacred food. During the month, she doesn’t involve any sexual activities. The story Is read in the day or evening time and audiences gather to listen to the Swasthani from the neighboring. Every day, before and after reading the new chapter of Swasthani, 2 separate sacred-texts are read respectively. During the text readings, the subject and the audiences take leaves and flowers in their hand and later offer to the book. At last the sacred food is eaten every day.

घोडेजात्रा एक पर्व

2012-03-18T18:00:00.002-07:00

– मचाराजा महर्जन
नेपालमा मनाइने, विभिन्न पर्व मध्ये घोडाजात्रा पनि एक हो । काठमाडौं उपत्यकामा मनाइने धेरैजसो जात्रा पर्व विभिन्न देवीदेवताका नाममा मनाइने गरेको पाइन्छ । तर घोडा जात्रा पर्व भने विशेष रुपले काठमाडौंको टुंडिखेल मैदानमा घोडा दगुराएर मनाइने गर्दछ । हरेक वर्ष चैत कृष्ण औंसीका दिन घोडाजात्रा पर्व मनाउने प्रचलन छ । यस दिन टुंडिखेलको सैनिक मञ्च अगाडि नेपाली सेनाद्वारा घोडा दगुराउने र अन्य कार्यक्रम प्रस्तुत गर्ने परम्परा छ । छुट्टै सांस्कृतिक महत्व रहेको यस घोडा जात्रा पर्वमा औपचारिक रुपमा राष्टूाध्यक्षको पनि उपस्थिति रहने गर्दछ । यस जात्रा हेर्ने काठमाडौंको कुमारीलाई पनि टुँडिखेलमा ल्याइन्छ । यस दिन काठमाडौं उपत्यकामा विदा समेत दिइन्छ । घोडाजात्रा हेर्न हजारौं नर नारीहरु टुंडिखेलमा झुम्मिने गर्छन् । यस घोडाजात्रा पर्व परापूर्व कालदेखि नै शुरु भएको मानिन्छ । यसबारे धेरै पौराणिक किवंदन्ती पाइन्छ ।
घोडालाई वैदिककालदेखि नै निकै महत्वपूर्ण देउताको रुपमा पूजा गर्ने चलन छ । अश्वमेघ यज्ञको नाममा वैदिककालमा ठूलो महायज्ञ गर्ने चलन थियो । त्यतिबेला घोडालाई पूजा गरी दिग्विजयका लागि छोड्ने गरिन्थ्या । यसबाहेक घोडालाई विभिन्न कार्यमा प्रयोग गर्ने पनि गरिन्छ । यातायातका लागि घोडा महत्वपूर्ण साधन हो । यसलाई एक ठाउँबाट अर्को ठाउँमा जान प्रयोग गरिन्छ । घोडा अन्य जनावर भन्दा दगुर्न सक्ने शक्तिशाली भएकोले पहिले युद्धको समयमा घोडालाई विशेष रुपमा प्रयोग गर्ने गरिन्थ्यो । यस्तै घोडालाई मनोरञ्जनको साधनको रुपमा पनि प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यतिबेला घोडालाई दगुराई मज्जा लिने गरिन्थ्यो । सोही अनुरुप नेपालमा पनि प्राचीनकालदेखि नै घोडा गुराउने गर्दै आइएको छ । यस सम्बन्धमा किवन्दती यस प्रकार छ ः
पहिले काठमाडौं उपत्यकामा नेपाल मण्डल भनी कान्तिपुर, ललितपुर र भक्तपुरमा विभिन्न राजाहरुले राज्य गर्ने गर्दथे । अमोघपाश लोकेश्वरको प्रतापले यहाँका मानिस सुखपूर्वक जीवनयापन गर्ने गर्दथे । तर एक पटक ललितुरका राजालाई कान्तिपुर र भक्तपुरका जनताको सुख हेर्न मन लागेनछ र एउटा जनावर पठाई ती देशमा आतंक मच्चाउन लगाएछन् । त्यस जनावरलाई धपाउन कान्तिपुरले सबल बहालका तान्त्रिक गुभाजु शाश्वनवज्र वज्राचार्यसँग सल्लाह दिएछन् । शाश्वतवज्र वज्राचार्यले आसामको कामारु कामाक्षबाट कालिका देवीलाई ल्याएमा उक्त नरसिंह रुप जनावरलाई धपाउन सक्ने सल्लाह दिएछन् । त्यसपछि उक्त कालिकादेवीलाई ल्याउन शाश्वतवज्र स्वयं कामारु कामाक्षमा गई तान्त्रिक बलले कालिकादेवीलाई एउटा कलशमा साधना गरी नेपाल ल्याएछन् ।
कालिका देवीलाई ल्याएको खवर राजालाई दिन कशल रहेको झोला जमलस्थित एउटा रुखमा झुन्ड्याएर उनी राजदरवारतिर हिँडेछन् । तर त्यसबेला कालिका देवी सानी बच्ची भएर कलशबाट बाहिर आई खेतमा जान लागेका एउटा किसानसँग पछिपछि लागेर टोखाको आसपास पुगिछन् । किसानले खेतमा काम गरिरहंदा बालिका रुन लागिन् आफ्नो साथमा रहेका एउटा रोटी खान दिएछन् तर ती बालिका त्यहांबाट गायब भइछिन् किसानले पछि हेर्दा कन्यालाई देखेनन् । तर उनले दिएको रोटी भने सुनको रोटी भएको पाए ।
यता शाश्वतवज्र दरवारबाट फर्केर आउँदा सो कलशमा रहेको कालिका देवी गायव भएको चाल पाए । उनले तािन्त्रक बलले दिव्य दृष्टिले हेर्दा ती देवी टुप्यातिर लागेको चाल पाएछन् र उनी पछि त्यतै लागेछन् । जव बाउनी टुप्पाको बाटो लागे तव उनले पनि तीन देवीलाई बालिकाको रुपमा भेट्टाए । शाश्वतवज्रले उक्त बालिकालाई नेपालमा रहन सुनको रोटी दिने र देशमै कहीँ नभएको जात्रा देखाइने छु भनी फकाई यहां बस्न अनुरोध गरेछन् । त्यसपछि कालिका देवीलाई उनले एउटा मन्दिर बनाई दिएछन् जसलाई अहिले भद्रकाली मन्दिरको रुपमा चिनिन्छ । उनलाई सुनको रोटी भनेर आजसम्म पनि भद्रकाली मन्दिरमा चामलको पीठोको रोटी चटामरीमा बेसारलगाई चढाउने चलन छ । आजसम्म पनि काठमाडौंका नेवारहरु भद्रकाली मन्दिरलाई लुँमधि द्यो भन्ने गर्दछन् । यस्तै देशमा कहीँ नहुने जात्रा भनेर हरेक वर्ष घोडा जात्रा गर्ने परम्परा बसाए छन् । जुन चलन आजसम्म पनि प्रचलित छ र हरेक वर्ष घोडा जात्रा गर्ने पररम्परा त्यसैको निरन्तरता हो ।
घोडा जात्राको सम्बन्धमा अर्को पनि किंवदन्ती पाइन्छ । कुनै समयमा काठमाडौंमा एउटा टुँडी नाम गरेकी राक्षसले दुःख दिने गरेकी रहेछ । त्यस राक्षसलाई जनताले समातेर जिउँदै गाडिदिएछन् । तर त्यो राक्षस मरेको रहेन छ । उसले बदला लिन अझ दुःख दिने गरेछ । यसैले सो राक्षसलाई तर्साउन यहाँका बासिन्दाले एउटा घोडालाई रक्सी खान दिई सबैले हाहा हुहु गरी कोलाहल मचाउने गरेछन् । त्यसपछि राक्षसले डराएर तर्साउन छोडेछ । त्यसैले बर्षेनि टुँडी राक्षस गाडिएको ठाउँ टुडिखेलमा घोडा दगुराउने परम्परा चलेको हो । टुँडी राक्षस गाडेको स्थान भएकाले त्यस स्थानको नाम नै टुँडिखेल रहन गयो भन्ने भनाई छ ।

सेना वा माओवादीले सत्ता कब्जा गर्ने !

2012-03-15T09:14:00.000-07:00

सेना वा माओवादीले सत्ता कब्जा गर्ने !
साँखु÷राष्ट्रिय प्रजातन्त्र पार्टी नेपालका अध्यक्ष कमल थापाले यही अवस्था लामो समयसम्म रहीरहे आउँदो जेठ १४ मा संविधान त बन्दैन नै तर संविधान बन्नुको सत्ता सोही दिनदेखि सेना वा माओवादीले सत्ता कब्जा गरि अधिनायवादी शासन सत्ता चलाउनसक्ने उद्घोष गरेका छन् ।
वर्तमान सरकार संविधान बनाउनतिर भन्दा भ्रष्टाचार बढाउन र अपराधी छुटाउन लागिपरेको बताउँदै यस्तै अवस्था रहे मुलुकबाट विधीको शासन खत्तम हुने चेतावनी पनि दिए । अपराधीलाई सजायँ दिनुको सट्टा उन्मुक्ति दिने कार्यले सरकारले अपराधलाई व्यवसायीकरण गरेको आरोप लगाउँदै संविधान नबन्नुको प्रमुख दोष एमाओवादी, काँगे्रस र एमालेले लिनुपर्ने बताएका थिए । उहाँले सो कुरा ईटहरीमा आयोजित पत्रकार सम्मेलनमा व्यक्त गरेको हो ।
उनले अब पनि मुलुकमा संवैधानिक राजतन्त्रको उत्तिकै आवश्यकता रहेको चर्चा गर्दै समयमै राजनैतिक पार्टीका नेताहरुले बुद्धि पु¥याउनुपर्ने बताएका थिए ।
२०४७ कै संविधान ब्युँताउनु आवश्यक–देउवा
नेपाली काँगे्रसका वरिष्ठ नेता शेरबहादुर देउवाले विराटनगरमा पत्रकारहरुसितको कुराकानीमा २०४७ को संविधानमा गणतन्त्र, धर्म निरपेक्षता र राजसंस्थाको स्थानमा राष्ट्रपति राखेर २०४७ कै संविधान लागू गर्नुपर्ने तर्क गर्दै आफूले यस सम्बन्धमा एमाओवादी अध्यक्ष प्रचण्डलाई समेत भनिसकेको बताएका थिए । उनको कथन थियो वर्तमान सरकार निकम्मा भईसकेको छ तर यो सरकार ढाल्न मधेशी मोर्चाको समर्थन रहेसम्म सम्भव नभएको विचार व्यक्त गर्दै यही रवैयाले नयाँ संविधान नबन्ने भएकैले २०४७ को संविधान ब्युँताउनुपर्ने बताएका थिए । एक अर्को प्रसंगमा राजसंस्था पुनः आउन नसक्ने बताउँदै राजतन्त्र आउने र जाने हुँदैन । राजसंस्थाको भविष्य सकिइसक्यो भनेका थिए ।

Old Nepalese Society and Caste System-2

2012-03-08T00:40:00.002-08:00

 Chet Ram Paudel

The caste hierarchy stemming from inter caste marriages, many poor high-caste and rich low-caste households could be found In the society everywhere.

Although Paharis, especially those in rural areas. were generally quite conscious of their Caste status, the question of caste did not usually arise for Tibeto-Nepalese communities unless they were aware of the Hindu caste status arbitrarily assigned to them, Insofar as they accepted caste-based notions of social rank, the Tibeto-Nepalese tended not only to see themselves at a higher level than did the Hindu Pahari and Newar, but also differed as to ranking among themselves.

Thus, it was doubtful that the reported Rai caste's assumption of rank Superiority over the Magar and Gurung castes was accepted by the two latter groups. Moreover, the status of a particular group was apt to vary from plac. to place, depending on its relative demographic size, wealth, and local power.

Even though Nepali (written in Devanagari script, the same as Sanskrit and Hindi) was the national language and was mentioned as the mother tongue by approximately 58 percent of the population, there wore several other languages and dialects, Other languages included Maithill, Bhojpurl, Tharu, Tamang, Newari, and Abadhi. Non-Nepali languages and dialects rarely were spoken outside their ethnic enclaves. In order to estimate the numerical distribution of different ethnic groups, the census data indicating venous mother tongues spoken in the country must be used.

In terms of linguistic roots, Nepali, Maithali, otd Bhoipuri belonged to the lndo-European family: th. mother tongues of the Tibeto-Nepalese groups, including Newarl, belonged predominantly to the Tibeto-Burman family. The Pahari. whose mother tongue was Nepall, was the largest ethnic group. If the Maithali. and Bhojpuri speaking populations of the Tarai were included, more than 75 percent of the population belonged to the Indo-Nepalese ethnic group. Only three other ethnic groups--the Tamang, the Tharu, and the Newar.-approached or slightly exceeded the one-half million population mark. Most of those non-Nepali linguistic and ethnic population groups were closely knit by bonds of nationalism and cultural harmony, and they were concentrated in certain areas.

Nepali, the native tongue of the Paharis and the national language of Nepal, is closely related to but by no means Identical with, Hindi. Both are rooted in Sanskrit. The Hinduism of the Paharl has been Influenced by Buddhism and Indigenous folk belief. The Paharis' caste system was neither as elaborately graded nor as all embracing in Its sanctions as that of the Indians; physically, many of the Paharis showed the results of racial intermixture with the various Mongoloid groups of the region. Similarly, the Bhote or Bhotia groups inhabiting the foothills of the Himalayas--among whom the Sherpas have attracted the most attention in the mountaineering world--have developed regional distinctions among themselves, although clearly related physically as well as culturally to the Tibetans. The term Bhote literally means inhabitant of Shot, a Sanskrit term for the trans-Himalayan region of Nepal, or the Tibetan region. However, Bhotes also a generic term, often applied to people of Tibetan culture or Mongoloid phenotype As used by the Paharis and the Newars, it often had a pejorative connotation and could be applied to any non-Hindu of Mongoloid appearance.

An extra ordinary complex terrain also affected the geographic distribution and interaction among various ethnic groups. Within the general latitudinal sorting of Indo-Nepalese (lower hills) and Tibeto-Nepalese (higher hills and mountains) groups, there was a lateral (longitudinal) pattern, in which various ethnic populations were concentrated in specific geographic pockets The deeply cut valleys and high ridges tended to divide ethnic groups Into many small, relatively isolated, and more or less self- contained communities, This pattern was especially prominent among the Tibeto-Nepalese population. For example, the Bhote group was found in the far north, trans-Himalayan section of the Mountain Region, close to the Tibetan border. The Sherpas, a subgroup within the Bhote. were concentrated In the northeast, around the Mount Everest area. To the south of their areas were other Tibeto- Nepales. ethnic groups--the Gurung in the west-central hills and the Tamang and Ral In the east-central hills--particularly close to and east of the Kathmandu Valley. The Magar group. found largely in the central hills was much more widely distributed than the Gi.rung. Tamang, and Ral. In the areas occupied by the Limbu and Rae peoples, the Limbu domain was located farther east in the hills, just beyond the Rai zone. The Tharu group was found in the Tarai, and the Paharis were scattered throughout Nepal. Newars largely were concentrated In the Kathmandu Valley. However, because of their past migration as traders and merchants, they also were found in virtually all the market centers, especially in the hills, and as far away as Lhasa in Tibet. This geographically concentrated ethnic distribution pattern generally remained In effect in the early 1990s, despite a trend toward increasing spatial mobility and relocating ethnic populations. For example, a large number of Bhotes (also called Mananges from the Manang District) in the central section of the Mountain Region, Tamangs, and Sherpas have moved to the Kathmandu Valley. Similarly, Thakates from the Mustang District adjacent to Manang have moved to Pokhara, a major urban center In the hills about 160 kilometers west of kathmandu, and to Butawal and Siddhartha Nagar, two important urban areas in he Central part of the Tarai, directly south of Pokhara. Gurungs, Magars, and Rais also have become increasingly dispersed.

Most of the lndo-Nepalese peoples--both P3haris and Tarsi dwellers (commonly known among the Paharis as madhesis, meanina rnidlanders)..were primarily agriculturalists, although a majority of them also rellod on other activities to produce supplementary income. They generally raised some farm animals, particularly water buffalo, cows, goats. and sheep, for domestic purposes.. In spite of tho Increasing number of Newars holding government jobs. they traditionally were recognized as a commercial merchant and handicraft class II was no exaggeration that they historically have been the prime agents of Nepalese culture and art A significant number of them also were engaged in farming. In that sense, they can be described as agro-commercialists.

No single, widely acceptable definition can be advanced for the caste system. bishop and others, however view caste as a multifaceted status hierarchy composed of all members of society, with each individual ranked within the broad, fourfold Hindu class (varna. or color) divisions, or within the fifth class of untouchables.-outcastes and the socially polluted. The fourfold caste divisions are Brahman (priests and scholars), Kshatriya or Chhetri (rulers and warriors), Vaisya (or Vaisaya, merchants and traders), and Sudra (farmers, artisans, and laborers[ These Pahari caste divisions based on the Hindu system are not strictly upheld by the Nowars They have their own caste hierarchy, which, they claim, Is parallel in caste divisions to the Pahari Hindu system. In each system, each caste (jati) is ideally an endogamous group 'n which membership Is both hereditary and permanent The only way to change caste status is to undergo Sanskritization.

Sanskritization can be achieved by migrating to a new area and by changing one's caste status and/or marrying across the caVe line, which can lead to the upgrading or downgrading of caste, depending on the spouse's caste However, given the rigidity of the caste system, entorcasto marriage carries a social stigma, especially when it takes place between two castes at the extreme ends of the social spectrum.

As Bishop further asserts, at the core of the caste structure is a rank order of values bound up en concepts of ritual status, purity, and pollution. Furthermore, caste determines an individual's behavior, obligations, and expectations All the social, economic, religious, legal, and political activities of a caste society are prescribed by sanctions that determine and limit access to land, position of political power, and command of human labor. Within such a constrictive system, wealth, political power, high rank, and privilege converge, hereditary occupational specialization is a common feature.

बाबुराम सरकारको नाम जथाभावी घर भत्काउने काम

2012-03-06T01:11:00.000-08:00

साँखु÷वर्तमान प्रधानमन्त्री बाबुराम भट्टराईले ढङ्गका कुनै पनि काम गर्न नसकेपनि उपत्यकाबासीको बस्ने घर भने भत्काईदिएको छ । जुन घर सरकारी मापदण्ड अनुसार नै बनाइएको भएतापनि ११ गज लाई ११ मिटर बनाएर र पुराना महत्वका घरहरुलाई विना मूआब्जा बलपूर्वक भत्काएर आफ्नो चरित्र उदाङ्ग पारेको छ वर्तमान सरकारले । यो सरकारले प्रजातन्त्र दिवस मनाएन । तर घर भत्काउन भने कुनै दिन कुरेन ।
राज्यले कुनैपनि व्यक्तिको घर भत्काउन सक्छ तर मूआब्जा दिएर मात्रै यो प्रजातान्त्रिक परिपाटीलाई बाबुराम सरकारले चटक्कै बिर्सिदिएकोछ । तत्कालीन पञ्चायती व्यवस्थामा सार्क सम्मेलन ताका मात्रै यसरी नै जथाभावीरुपमा घर भत्काइएको थियो । तर त्यत्तिबेला पनि जनताको जीउ धनको लागि राज्यले मूआब्जा दिएको थियो । अहिले त बाबुराम सरकारले मूआब्जा दिन बजेट समेत नछुट्याई जनताको घर भत्काउन थालेका छन् । यसबाट प्रत्यक्षरुपमा नेवार समुदायलाई नै असर परेको छ । कमलपोखरीका वृद्धा होस् वा लाजिम्पाटका घरधनी उनीहरु आफू बसेको घर भत्काईएपछि वृद्धाश्रममा वा अन्य कुनै विकल्प खोज्न बाध्य भएका छन् । राज्यले सुकुम्बासीहरुलाई जग्गा जमिन दिने भनि प्रचार प्रसार गरेको छ । तर दुई चार आना काठमाडौँको मुटुमा जग्गा भएका वा त्यस जग्गामा घर बनाई पुख्र्यौली बस्दै आएकाहरुलाई यो सरकारले उठीबास मात्रै गराएन । मूआब्जा समेत नदिई उनीहरुलाई घर न घाटको समेत तुल्याएको उदाहरणहरु प्रशस्तै भेटिएको छ ।
उपत्यका विशेषतः नेवार समुदायको बाहुल्य भएको क्षेत्र हो । तर नेवार समुदायको घरहरु सहर बजारमा लस्करै बनाउने गरिएका कारण एकै ठाउँमा र साँघुरो स्थितीमा नै छन् । यसैले उनीहरुको घर भत्काउन राज्यले उनीहरुलाई नै अधिकार दिनुपर्दछ नभएर संरक्षित क्षेत्रको रुपमा उनीहरुको घर भत्काउँदा विशेष मूआब्जा दिनु जरुरी छ । नभए मुलुक संघियतामा जाने बेलामा नेवार समुदायको कम उपस्थितिको कारणले पहिचान नै हराउने स्थिती पैदा हुनेछ ।

The world's shortest man is from Nepal

2012-02-27T18:44:00.000-08:00

The 72-year-old man stands at 21.5 inches tall, a mere 5 centimeters shorter than his predecessor.

According to Guinness, Dangi hails from the Nepalese village of Reemkholi in Dang district, more than 250 miles outside of the capital of Nepal, Kathmandu. He is the seventh sibling of a family of six brothers and two sisters; three of his five brothers were less than four feet tall, while his two sisters and two brothers are of average height. Dangi spends his days making placemats and head straps for villagers, and despite his age, says he's never taken any medicine or seen a doctor.

"Just when you think it's impossible for the record to get any smaller, Mr Chandra comes along and astonishes us all by being the shortest person ever measured," Guinness World Records Editor-in-Chief, Craig Glenday, said in a statement. "What I find equally remarkable is his age - if he really is 72, he is by far the oldest person to be awarded the shortest-man record in Guinness World Record's 57-year history."

source: cbnews.com

Old Nepalese Society and Caste System

2012-02-26T17:48:00.000-08:00

N Chet Ram Paudel

Nepal is multi ethnic multilingual and multicultural country. It was acquired by brave ancestors. Although Nepal lies between two big countries as 'yam between two boulders' it has its own sovereignty from origin. Nepal was ruled by the monarchs in different periods. As majority of the Hindu people it was only Hindu Kingdom.

Nowadays Nepal has been practicing Republican System after abolishing the kingship. Many kinds of movements and comflicts were held in the past however there is religious tobrance and 'unity in diversity' in Nepal. As Buddhas birthplace Nepali people believe in peace as well as harmony for the sustainable development. The poverty situation of economy and lack of technology have disturbed to develop us rich variety of nature and culture. The tallest Mount Everest as the cap of the world is pride of Nepal. Many people from the north and south entered in to Nepal and ocupied so there is rainbow of various castes creeds and culture in this country.

Nepalese society was ethnically diverse and complex in th. early days. ranging in phenotype (physical characteristics) and culture from the Indian to the Tibetan. Except for the sizable population of those of Indian birth or ancestry concentrated in the Tarai bordering India, the varied ethnic groups had evolved into distinct patterns over time. The Nopalese population can be classified into three major ethnic groups in terms of their origin: Indo-Nepalese. Tibeto-Nepalese, and indigenous Nepale'se. ln,the case of the first two groups, the direction if their migration and Nepal's landscapes appeared to have led to their vertical distribution; most ethnic groups were found at particular altitudes The first group, comprising those of Indo- Nepaleso origin, inhabited th. more fertile lower hills. river valleys, and Tarai plains The second major group consisted of communities of Tibeto-Mongol origin occupying the higher hills from the welt to the east The thIrd and much smaller group comprised a number of tribal communltis. such as the Tharus and the Dhimals of the Tarai. they may be remnants of indigenous communities whose habitation predates the advent of Indo-Nepalose and Tibeto-Mongol eIements

Even though lndo-Nepal.se migrants were latecom.rs to Nepal relative to the migrants from the north, they have come to dominate the country not only numerically, but also socially, politically, and economically. They managed to achieve early dominance over the native and northern migrant populations, largely because of the superior formal educational and technological systems they brought with thorn. Consequently, their overall domination has had tremendous significance In terms of ethnic power structure

Within the Indo-Nepalese group, at least two distinct categories can be discerned. The first category Include's those who fled India arid moved to the safe sanctuaries of the Nepal hills several hundred years ago. in the wake of the Muslim invasions of northern India. The hill group of Indian origin primarily was composed of descendants of high-caste Hindu families.

According to Joshi and Rose, "These families, mostly of Brahman and kihetriya status, have spread through the whole of Nepal with the exceptIon of the' areas immediately adjacent to the northern border They usually Constitute a significant portion of the local elites and are frequently the largest landowners in an area" This segment of the IndoN .palese population. at the apex of which stands the nation's royal family, has played the most dominant rol. in the country. Other ethnic groups, including those of Indian origIn that settled In the Tarai. have been peripheral to th. political power structure.

The second group of Indo-Nepalise migrants includes the inhabitants of the Tarai. Many of them are relatively recent migrants. who were encouraged by th. government of Nepal in the older monarchy system, Particularly Malla dynasty, shah dynasty, Rana regime and panchayat system there was influence of southern polics which has been deep roted in the changed form of politics nowadays also.

Most of the Tlbeto-Nepal.se groups traditionally could be considered agro-pastoralists. Becaus. their physical environment offered only limited land and agricultural possibilities, the Tibeto-Nepaleso group. who occupied the high mountainous areas, such as the Bhote and particularly the Sh.rpa, were almost forced to rely more on herding and pastoral activities than on crop farming. They also participated in seasonal trading activity to supplement their Income and food supply, However, those peoples inhabiting the medium and low hills south of the high mountains-- particularly the Gurung, Magar, Tamang. Ral, and Limbu groups-- depended on farming and herding In relatively equal amounts because their environment was relatively more suitable for agriculture. Among these groups, the Gurung. Magar, and Ral historically have supplied th. bulk of the famous Gurkha contingents to the British and Indian armies, although their ranks have been augmented from the Thakuri and Chh.trl castes of the Indo-Nepales. Paharis. The term Gur*ha was deriv.d from tho name of the former pnncipality of Gorkha, about seventy kilometers west of Kathmandu, and was not an ethnic designation

One integral aspect of Nepaleae society is the existence of the Hindu caste system. modeled after the ancient and orthodox Brahmanic system of the Indian plains. The caste system did not exist prior to the arrival of lndo-Aryans Its establishment became the basis of the emergence of the feudalistic economic structure of Nepal: the high-cast. Hindus began to appropriate lands-- particularly lowlands that here mor. easily accessible, more cultivatable, and more produc?ive..iricludlng those belonging to th. oxsting tribal people, and introduced the system of individual ownership. Even though the cultural and religious rigidity of the caste system slowly has been eroding, its introduction into Nepal was one of the most significant influences stemming from the migration of the Indo-Aryan people into the hills. Tho migrants from the north later were Incorporated into the Hindu caste system, as defined by Indo-Aryan migrants, who quickly controlled the positions of power and authority. Tibetan migrants did not practice private ownership; their system was basod on communal ownership.

Contd ......

Nepal Airlines Corporation

2012-02-08T01:40:00.000-08:00

Nepal Airlines (formerly known as Royal Nepal Airlines) is the flag carrier of Nepal. Its main base is Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu. The airline was established in July 1958 as Royal Nepal Airlines Corporation (RNAC). The airlines first aircraft was a single Douglas DC-3, used to serve domestic routes and a handful of destinations in India. The airline acquired its first jet aircraft, Boeing 727's, in 1972. In 2004 the Nepal Government decided to sell off 49% of its stake in Nepal Airlines to the private sector. Presently, the airline operates a fleet of seven aircraft and flies to 39 destinations; seven of which are international.

Kumari -Living Goddes

2012-01-17T04:46:00.000-08:00

The selection of the Kumari, who is entitled to sit on the pedestal for worship as the Living Goddess is an elaborate affair. According to the traditions of Vajrayana sect of Mahayana Buddhism, girls in the age-group of 4-7 year,

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About Nala

2012-01-17T04:38:00.000-08:00

Nala is one of the typical newari city of Kavre district, Nepal.
Route to Nala
Kathamndu (Buspark, RatnaPark)-Banepa-Nala

Lumbini Visit Year 2012

2012-01-14T23:10:00.001-08:00

Lumbini is a Buddhist pilgrimage site in the Rupandehi district of Nepal. It is the place where Queen Mayadevi gave birth to Siddhartha Gautama, who as the Buddha Gautama founded the Buddhist tradition. The Buddha lived between roughly 563 and 483 BCE. Lumbini is one of four magnets for pilgrimage that sprang up in places pivotal to the life of the Buddha, the others being at Kushinagar, Bodh Gaya, and Sarnath.

Lumbini is geographically located 25 km east of the municipality of Kapilavastu, Nepa where the Buddha lived until the age of 29. Lumbini has a number of temples, including the Mayadevi temple, and others under construction. Also located here is the Puskarini or Holy Pond where the Buddha's mother took the ritual dip prior to his birth and where he, too, had his first bath, as well as the remains of Kapilvastu palace. At other sites near Lumbini, earlier Buddhas were, according to tradition, born, achieved ultimate awakening and finally relinquished earthly form.
The Government of Nepal is all set to launch the Visit Lumbini Year 2012 on January 14 in a bid to spread Gautam Buddha's message of peace across the world and develop the Buddha's birthplace as a peace city and a global Buddhist center.
After the facelift for the monuments and the new additions to the sacred site Lumbini is better prepared than ever to welcome visitors and pilgrims from all over the world. Would you want to be one of them? Here you will find our planned itineraries for Visit Lumbini Year 2012.

End of the Panauti Mahotsav

2011-08-27T07:39:00.000-07:00

Panauti is one of the beautiful newar city of Kavre district. it is very old city with various culture and tradition. the Panauti Mahotsav is just finished from today. some images of mahotsav.

click here for more photos .

साँखुको विस्केट जात्रामा प्रताप मल्लको योगदान

2011-06-13T04:41:00.000-07:00

प्रत्येक वर्ष मेष संक्रान्ति अर्थात् बैशाख १ गते साँखुको चलाखु टोलको महालक्ष्मी अष्टमातृका पीठको सामुन्ने लिङ्गो ठड्याई भव्यताका साथ बिस्केट जात्रा मनाउने गर्दछन् । कालान्तरमा गुठी जग्गाको आयश्रोत नपुग्ने कारण विगत ३०÷४० वर्षदेखि औपचारिकता मात्र पूरा गर्ने गरि साँखुमा लिङ्गो ठड्याई बिस्केट जात्रा मनाउँदै आएको छ ।

The Youngest singer

2011-04-23T02:11:00.000-07:00

What’s the next big thing in music? Well, we predict it’s the musically precocious young singer of the world, Atithi Gautam KC. Having achieved so much at the very juvenile age, this young talent’s budding career shows a great deal of promise and we expect to see much more from her in future.

As she has already made a great stride as a youngest singer, now she is set to make a waves in the ocean of music as an artist launching her album at Mt. Everest. Her second album “Top of the world” is about to launch there. This album is already taken by Khimlal Gautam from Athiti foundation. Along with group, Khimlal is climbing Mt. Everest and at the end; the album will be launched at the peak.

Five different original english tracks are included in her new album. The lyrics are penned by Ghanshyam Khadka and the music is by the chairman of Athiti foundation, Jugal Dangol. Whatever new adventure she takes on, she is sure to success. She has more than proven that already and we think it is only a matter of times before everyone takes notice and remembers the name, Atithi Gautam KC.

Sankhu Jatra Live Broadcast on "Sagarmatha Television".

2011-04-21T01:09:00.000-07:00

The Very main Festival of Sankhu Jatra, is live on Sagarmatha Television now for 4 hrs. people if don't opportunity to reach sankhu. Enjoy on your Televsion Screen. for more updates and photos of festival plz follow my blog.:

About living goddes " Kumari" at Sankhu

2011-04-16T00:31:00.000-07:00

नेपाल उपत्यकामा रहेका कुमारीहरुको प्रख्याती र प्रमाणका विषयमा केहि लेखिरहनु आवश्यक नहोला। तर पनि सक्व, सांखु कुमारीको कुरा गर्दा यसको इतिहास, इतिहासकै गर्भमा लुकिरहेको देखिन्छ। more...............

Yours Trusted Local Travel Guide in Nepal.

2011-03-18T23:46:00.000-07:00

2011 is a special Year for all the comer to Nepal from all over the world. The Tourism Year 2011 has already started in Nepal. As all of us know that the Nepal is the best destination to be closed with world highest peck Mt. Everest, the every land and structure are as a open natural zoo without any bounded. The place to be honor as the birth place o of Lord Buddha . (The light of Asia.). If you want to travel and get more information about Nepal and others Places of Kathmandu valley. We managed totally yours trips and we offer you to live at local homes as a guest. which makes you more happy and chance to be closed with nepali Society's and families. we managed " HomeStay" to all the tourist. if you wanna this please contact. we assure that we make yours time very much meaningful without any expensive prices as hotels and lodge.

contact with at:
Name: LP Mali
Add: Sankhu , Kathmandu, Nepal

mail: lpmali.sankhu@gmail.com

Cell: +977-9841585479

some pictures from where i lived