<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918</id><updated>2026-02-18T20:59:55.065-03:00</updated><category term="quimica"/><category term="masa"/><category term="Elementos"/><category term="atomo"/><category term="SI"/><category term="compuestos"/><category term="Sistema"/><category term="agua"/><category term="electrones"/><category term="ley"/><category term="moleculas"/><category term="quimicos"/><category term="materia"/><category term="oxigeno"/><category term="reaccion"/><category term="Energia"/><category term="atomos"/><category term="formulas"/><category 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term="selenio"/><category term="semiconductores"/><category term="semimetales"/><category term="sencillas"/><category term="sensibilidad"/><category term="sensible"/><category term="separacion"/><category term="siglo"/><category term="simbolo"/><category term="sistema internacional"/><category term="sistemas"/><category term="sistematico"/><category term="sol"/><category term="solar"/><category term="solida"/><category term="solidos"/><category term="solubilidad"/><category term="soluciones"/><category term="solutos"/><category term="sosa"/><category term="sosa. sulfato"/><category term="stock"/><category term="suelo"/><category term="sulfurico"/><category term="suma"/><category term="sustracion"/><category term="sólidos"/><category term="tecnologia"/><category term="telurio"/><category term="teorico"/><category term="termometro"/><category term="ternarios"/><category term="tetroxido"/><category term="thompson"/><category term="thomson"/><category term="tiempo"/><category term="titulacion"/><category term="toneladas"/><category term="trabajo"/><category term="trabla"/><category term="transformacion"/><category term="transicion"/><category term="trioxido"/><category term="tubo"/><category term="uranio"/><category term="urea"/><category term="uro"/><category term="valores"/><category term="vapor"/><category term="velocidad"/><category term="verificacion"/><category term="vida"/><category term="video"/><category term="vidrio"/><category term="vivos"/><category term="volumetrico"/><category term="wilhelm Röntgen"/><category term="yeso"/><category term="yodo"/><category term="youtube"/><category term="zinc"/><category term="zing"/><category term="μg"/><title type='text'>LQ Química</title><subtitle type='html'>Muchos temas de Química para ayudarte con tus tareas. Comparte la página.</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>124</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-5707410902954220498</id><published>2019-03-16T18:40:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2019-03-16T18:40:38.548-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acido"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="base"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="colores"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="dicromato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuaciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electrones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="estequiometria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oxidante"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="permanganato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="potasio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="protones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reacciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="redox"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reductor"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="valoracion"/><title type='text'>Valoraciones redox</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;&quot;&gt;En las reacciones redox
se transfieren electrones, mientras que en las reacciones ácido-base se
transfieren protones. Del mismo modo en que un ácido se puede valorar con una
base, un agente oxidante se puede valorar con un agente reductor, utilizando un
procedimiento semejante. Así, por ejemplo, se puede añadir con cuidado una disolución
que contenga un agente oxidante a una disolución que contenga un agente
reductor. El punto de equivalencia se alcanza cuando el agente reductor es
completamente oxidado por el agente oxidante.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;&quot;&gt;Igual que las
valoraciones ácido-base, las valoraciones redox por lo general requieren de un
indicador que tenga un cambio de color nítido. En presencia de una gran
cantidad de agente reductor, el color del indicador es característico de su
forma reducida. El indicador adopta el color que tiene en su forma oxidada
cuando está en presencia de un medio oxidante. En el punto de equivalencia, o
cerca de este, ocurrirá un cambio de color nítido del indicador al pasar de una
forma a otra, por lo que el punto de equivalencia puede identificarse fácilmente.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;&quot;&gt;El dicromato de potasio
(K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Cr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) y el permanganato de potasio (KMnO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)
son dos agentes oxidantes muy comunes. Los colores de los aniones
dicromato&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;y permanganato son muy diferentes
de los colores que tienen las especies reducidas.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;&quot;&gt;Estos agentes oxidantes
se pueden utilizar por sí mismos como indicador interno de una valoración redox,
ya que los colores de las formas oxidada y reducida son muy distintos.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;&quot;&gt;Las valoraciones redox
requieren del mismo tipo de cálculo (basados en el método del mol) que las
neutralizaciones ácido-base. Sin embargo, la diferencia entre estas radica en
que las ecuaciones y la estequiometria tienen a ser más complejas en las
reacciones redox.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/5707410902954220498/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2019/03/valoraciones-redox.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/5707410902954220498'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/5707410902954220498'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2019/03/valoraciones-redox.html' title='Valoraciones redox'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXn_6A-NofwXv7Bm2nxKPyN5IH7Gu8TVPjVPDDyI64YK8kg-PU6m3D1LznNdV0E5SPbph5tLR0HQOC_F_2UESIjS2JTGmayV3XuuFeXdlzChu0HjqmVLMZfj0gCrd_DiPk7XkmNTWmGNQ/s72-c/permanganimetrc3ada.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-3274957902802964057</id><published>2019-03-09T05:00:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2019-03-09T05:00:03.800-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acido"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="base"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="color"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disoluciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="fenolftaleina"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hidroxido"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="indicador"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="NaOH"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="rosa"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sodio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="titulacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="valoracion"/><title type='text'>Valoración ácido base</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;Los estudios cuantitativos de las reacciones de neutralización ácido-base
se llevan a cabo en forma adecuada por medio de una técnica conocida como valoración.
En una valoración, &lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;una disolución de concentración
exactamente conocida, denominada disolución patrón, se agrega en forma gradual
a otra disolución de concentración desconocida hasta que la reacción química entre
las dos disoluciones se complete&lt;/i&gt;. Si se conoce el volumen de la disolución patrón
y de la disolución desconocida que se utilizaron en la valoración, además de
conocer la concentración de la disolución patrón, se puede calcular la concentración
de la disolución desconocida.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://http2.mlstatic.com/vendo-solucion-fenolftaleina-2-para-analisis-D_NQ_NP_757975-MLV25868179781_082017-F.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;480&quot; data-original-width=&quot;480&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://http2.mlstatic.com/vendo-solucion-fenolftaleina-2-para-analisis-D_NQ_NP_757975-MLV25868179781_082017-F.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;El hidróxido de sodio es una de las bases más utilizadas en laboratorios,
sin embargo es difícil conseguir hidróxido de sodio solido en forma pura porque
tiene a absorber el agua del aire, y sus disoluciones reaccionan con el dióxido
de carbono. Por ello, una disolución de hidróxido de hidróxido debe ser &lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;valorada&lt;/i&gt; antes de utilizarse en el
trabajo analítico preciso. Las disoluciones de hidróxido de sodio se pueden
valorar al titularlas contra una disolución ácida de concentración exactamente
conocida. El ácido que se elige con mayor frecuencia es un ácido monoprótico llamado
ftalato ácido de potasio (KHF), cuya fórmula molecular es KHC&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;.
El HKF es un sólido blanco, soluble que se consigue comercialmente en forma muy
pura. La reacción entre KHF y el hidróxido de sodio es: &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;KHC&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;) + NaOH(&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-ascii-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;à&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt; KNaC&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;) + H2O(&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;l&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;Y la ecuación ionica neta es:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;HC&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;) + OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-ascii-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;&quot;&gt;à&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt; C&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;) + H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;l&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;Primero se transfiere al matraz Erlenmeyer una cantidad conocida de KHF y
se le agrega algo de agua destilada para disolverlo, a continuación se agrega
cuidadosamente una disolución de NaOH contenida en una bureta hasta que se alcanza
el &lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;punto
de equivalencia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, es decir, &lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt;el
punto al cual el ácido ha reaccionado o neutralizado completamente a la base&lt;/i&gt;.
El punto de equivalencia se detecta por el cambio brusco de color de un
indicador que se ha añadido a la disolución del ácido. En las valoraciones
ácido-base,&lt;i style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal;&quot;&gt; los indicadores son
sustancias que tienen colores muy distintos en medios ácidos y básicos&lt;/i&gt;. La fenolftaleína
es un indicador muy utilizado que en medio ácido o neutro es incoloro, pero
adquiere un color rosa intenso en disoluciones básicas. En el punto de
equivalencia, todo el KHF presente ha sido neutralizado por el NaOH añadido y
la disolución sigue siendo incolora. Sin embargo, con una sola gota de más en
la disolución de NaOH de la bureta, la disolución de inmediato se torna de un
color rosa intenso porque ahora es básica. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://img.youtube.com/vi/VelDbuKHDmw/0.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;360&quot; data-original-width=&quot;480&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://img.youtube.com/vi/VelDbuKHDmw/0.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span lang=&quot;ES&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: ES;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/3274957902802964057/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2019/03/valoracion-acido-base.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/3274957902802964057'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/3274957902802964057'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2019/03/valoracion-acido-base.html' title='Valoración ácido base'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-2553461235270699507</id><published>2015-07-10T22:16:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2015-07-10T22:16:18.173-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="concentrada"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="dilucion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disoluciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="KMnO4"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="laboratorio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="matraz"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="metodo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="moles"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="procedimiento"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="soluto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="volumetrico"/><title type='text'>Dilución de disoluciones</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Las disoluciones concentradas que no se utilizan normalmente, se guardan en el almacén del laboratorio. Con frecuencia estas disoluciones &quot;de reserva&quot; se diluyen antes de utilizarlas. &lt;b&gt;La disolución&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;es el procedimiento que se sigue para preparar una disolución menos concentrada a partir de una más concentrada.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Suponga que se desea preparar 1L de una disolución de KMnO&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;0,400 M a partir de una disolución de KMnO&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;1,00 M. Para ello se necesita 0.400 moles de KMnO&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;. Puesto que hay 1,00 moles de KMnO&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;en 1L (o 1.000mL) de una disolución 1.00 M en 0,400 x 1.000 mL o 400 mL, de la misma disolución, habrá 0,400 moles de KMnO&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1,00 mol &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &lt;/u&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; = &amp;nbsp; &lt;u&gt;&amp;nbsp; 0,400 mol&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1.000mL soln &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;400 mL soln&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Por tanto, se deben tomar 400mL de la disolución de KMnO&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;4&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;1,00 M y diluirlos hasta 1.000 mL adicionando agua (en un matraz volumétrico de 1 L). Este método da 1 L de la solución deseada de KMnO&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;0,400 M.&lt;/div&gt;
Al efectuar el proceso de dilución, conviene recordar que al agregar mas disolvente a una cantidad dada de la disolción concentrada su concentración cambia (disminuye) sin que cambie el número de moles de soluto presente en la disolución. En otras palabras:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Moles de soluto antes de la dilución = moles de soluto después de la dilución.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://e-ducativa.catedu.es/44700165/aula/archivos/repositorio/4750/4839/html/Dilucion.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://e-ducativa.catedu.es/44700165/aula/archivos/repositorio/4750/4839/html/Dilucion.jpg&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/2553461235270699507/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/07/dilucion-de-disoluciones.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2553461235270699507'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2553461235270699507'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/07/dilucion-de-disoluciones.html' title='Dilución de disoluciones'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-1871950148998853393</id><published>2015-07-10T20:56:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2015-07-10T20:56:09.759-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acetico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acido"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="alcohol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="aliento"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="analizador"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cromico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cromo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="dicromato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Estados Unidos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="etanol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ontleder"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reaccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="redox"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sangre"/><title type='text'>Analizador de aliento</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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Cada año, en Estados Unidos mueren aproximadamente 25.000 personas y mas de 50.000 resultan lesionadas a causa de conductores ebrios. A pesar de los esfuerzos realizados para educar al público acerca del peligro que representar manejar cuando se está intoxicado y de las sanciones que se imponen a los conductores ebrios, las autoridades aún tienen mucho por hacer para quitar de las carreteras de este país a los conductores ebrios.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fmcapitalsalta.com/sites/default/files/field/image/ebrio-al-volante%20(1).jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.fmcapitalsalta.com/sites/default/files/field/image/ebrio-al-volante%20(1).jpg&quot; height=&quot;162&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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La policía utiliza a menudo un dispositivo llamado analizador de aliento para examinar a los conductores que se sospecha están ebrios. El fundamento químico de este dispositivo es una reacción redox. Una muestra de aliento del conductor se introduce en el analizador de aliento, donde se trata con una disolución ácida de dicromato de potasio. El alcohol (etanol) en el aliento es convertido en ácido acético.&lt;/div&gt;
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El etanol se oxida hasta ácido acético y el cromo(VI) del ion dicromato, de color amarillo anaranjado, se reduce a ion cromico(III), de color verde. El nivel de alcohol en la sangre del conductor se puede determinar fácilmente midiendo la magnitud de este cambio de color (el cual se lee en una escala calibrada del instrumento). El límite legal aceptado para el contenido de alcohol en la sangre en Estados Unidos es de 0.1% en masa. Cualquier valor que excede este límite se considera como intoxicación.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1WmKfaiVzHCXK1Pfr5tRF6L9C2jfBwkHu3n636a5YFC2KcCDYWRCvL2HHjpDUYcwGat5TcWmPNkb-FPDFKTxXv01luwnEhcgQrEHrvfpgzPv4lgaP2Aa8h1AMHfVYTAhnqpfoN6De_Dw/s1600/slide_16.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;480&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1WmKfaiVzHCXK1Pfr5tRF6L9C2jfBwkHu3n636a5YFC2KcCDYWRCvL2HHjpDUYcwGat5TcWmPNkb-FPDFKTxXv01luwnEhcgQrEHrvfpgzPv4lgaP2Aa8h1AMHfVYTAhnqpfoN6De_Dw/s640/slide_16.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/1871950148998853393/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/07/analizador-de-aliento.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/1871950148998853393'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/1871950148998853393'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/07/analizador-de-aliento.html' title='Analizador de aliento'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1WmKfaiVzHCXK1Pfr5tRF6L9C2jfBwkHu3n636a5YFC2KcCDYWRCvL2HHjpDUYcwGat5TcWmPNkb-FPDFKTxXv01luwnEhcgQrEHrvfpgzPv4lgaP2Aa8h1AMHfVYTAhnqpfoN6De_Dw/s72-c/slide_16.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-8821424527372389936</id><published>2015-02-13T20:55:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2015-02-13T20:55:45.760-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acuosa"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cantidad"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="concentracion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disoluciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="estequiometria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="glucosa"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="intensiva"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="molar"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="molaridad"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="propiedad"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reactivos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="soluto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="urea"/><title type='text'>Concentración de disoluciones</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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Para estudiar la estequiometría en disoluciones, es necesario conocer la cantidad de los reactivos presentes en una disolución y saber controlar las cantidades utilizadas de reactivos para llevar a cabo una reacción en disolución acuosa.&lt;/div&gt;
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La &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;concentración de una disolución&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; es &lt;i&gt;la cantidad de soluto presente en una cantidad dada de disolvente o de disolución&lt;/i&gt;. La concentración de una disolución se puede expresar en muchas formas distintas, para este texto consideraremos una de las unidades más utilizadas en la química, la &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;molaridad&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; (&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;), o &lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;concentración molar&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, que &lt;i&gt;es el número de moles de soluto en 1 litro (L) de disolución&lt;/i&gt;. La molaridad se define por la ecuación:&lt;/div&gt;
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M = molaridad = (moles de soluto / litros soln)&lt;/div&gt;
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donde &quot;soln&quot; significa &quot;disolución&quot;. Así, una disolución 1.46 molar de glucosa (C&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;H12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;), escrita como 1.46 &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt; de C&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;H12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;contiene 1.46 moles de soluto (C&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;H12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;) en 1 L de la disolución; una disolución 0.52 molar de urea [(NH&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;)2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;)], escrita como 0.52 &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt; de (NH&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;)2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;), contiene 0.52 moles de (NH&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;)2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;) (el soluto) en 1 L de disolución y así sucesivamente.&lt;/div&gt;
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Por supuesto que no siempre se trabaja con volúmenes de disolución exactamente de 1 L. Esto no represente problema alguno si se hace la conversión del volúmen de la disolución a litros. Así, una disolución de 500 mL que contiene 0.730 moles de C&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;H12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;también tiene una concentración 1.46 &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;
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M = molaridad = (0.730 mol / 0.500 L)&lt;/div&gt;
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&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; = 1.46 mol / L &amp;nbsp;= 1.46 &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Como se puede ver, la unidad de molaridad es moles por litro, por lo que una disolución de 500 mL, que contiene 0.730 moles de C&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;H12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;6&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;equivalen a 1.46 mol/L, o 1.46 &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;. Observe que, al igual que la densidad, la concentración es una propiedad intensiva, por lo que su valor no depende de la cantidad de disolución.&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/8821424527372389936/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/02/concentracion-de-disoluciones.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8821424527372389936'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8821424527372389936'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/02/concentracion-de-disoluciones.html' title='Concentración de disoluciones'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKNORtA29WhHDnhvNdvSa4215LlwCqvVy7YZOg-Z-7IaSMpTFRBe6d5LXrHkioVzIgrQa6Z9YWOLoof88HYxuym_KPFkcKYGTgPuIsA1bhfJRE7D8WS48YSryaHkIsTvEZdH-WJrbCKOc/s72-c/estequiometria001-01.GIF" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-2086151425205834502</id><published>2015-02-11T21:16:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2015-02-11T21:16:43.149-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="compuestos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuaciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electrones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="estado"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ganancia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ionicos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="moleculares"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="numero"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oxidacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="perdida"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="periodica"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reduccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="tabla"/><title type='text'>Número de oxidación</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Las definiciones de oxidación y reducción, en términos de pérdida y ganancia de electrones, se aplican a la formación de compuestos iónicos como el CaO y a la reducción de iones&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Cu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;por Zn. Sin embargo, estas definiciones no se aplican a la formación del cloruro de hidrógeno (HCl) ni del dióxido de azufre (S&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;):&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
H&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;(g) &amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;Cl(g) &amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;2HCl(g)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
S(s) &amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;O&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;(g) &amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;(g)&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Como el HCl y el S&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;no son compuestos iónicos, sino moleculares, en realidad no se transfieren electrones durante la formación de estos compuestos, lo que si sucede en el caso del CaO. No obstante, los químicos tratan estas reacciones como reacciones redox porque experimentalmente se observa que hay una transferencia parcial de electrones (de H al Cl en el HCl, y de S al O en el S&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Para tener un seguimiento de los electrones en las reacciones redox, es conveniente asignar números de oxidación a los reactivos y productos. El &lt;b&gt;número de oxidación&lt;/b&gt; de un átomo, también llamado &lt;b&gt;estado de oxidación&lt;/b&gt;, significa el número de cargas que tendría un átomo en una molécula (o en un compuesto iónico) si los electrones fueron transferidos completamente. Por ejemplo, las ecuaciones anteriores para la formación de HCl y se podrían escribir como:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
0 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 0 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; , &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;+1-1&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
H&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;(g) &amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;Cl(g) &amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;2HCl(g)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
0 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 0 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; , &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;+4-2&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
S(s) &amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;O&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;(g) &amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;(g)&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Los números colocados encima de los símbolos de los elementos son los números de oxidación. En ninguna de las dos reacciones hay cargas en los átomos de las moléculas de reactivos. Por tanto, su número de reacción es cero. Sin embargo, para las moléculas de los productos se supone que ha habido una transferencia completa de electrones y los átomos ganaron o perdieron electrones. Los números de oxidación reflejan el número de electrones &quot;transferidos&quot;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Los números de oxidación permiten identificar los elementos que se han oxidado y reducido. Los elementos que muestran un aumento en el número de oxidación, el hidrógeno y el azufre en los ejemplos anteriores, se han oxidado. El cloro y el oxígeno se han reducido, porque los números de oxidación son menores que al inicio de la reacción. Observe que la suma de los números de oxidación del H y del Cl en el HCl (+1 y -1) es cero. Asimismo, si se añaden cargas (+4) en el S y en los dos átomos de O [2 X (-2)], el total es cero. La razón de esto es que las moléculas de HCl y&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.3999996185303px; line-height: 21.5599994659424px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;son neutras y por lo tanto se deben cancelar las cargas.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://ejercicios-fyq.com/Formulacion_Inorganica/Num_ox_1.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://ejercicios-fyq.com/Formulacion_Inorganica/Num_ox_1.png&quot; height=&quot;404&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/2086151425205834502/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/02/numero-de-oxidacion.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2086151425205834502'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2086151425205834502'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/02/numero-de-oxidacion.html' title='Número de oxidación'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-8276676789268084753</id><published>2015-02-09T16:50:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2015-02-09T16:50:07.474-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acido"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agente"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="base"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="calcio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="CaO"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electrones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="formulas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oxidacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oxidante"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oxigeno"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="protones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reacciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="redox"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reduccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reductor"/><title type='text'>Reacciones de oxidación-reducción</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Mientras que las reacciones ácido-base se caracterizan por un proceso de transferencia de protones, las &lt;i&gt;reacciones&lt;/i&gt; de &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;oxidación-reducción&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;, o &lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;reacciones redox&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, se consideran como reacciones de &lt;i&gt;transferencia de electrones&lt;/i&gt;. Las reacciones de oxidación-reducción forman una parte importante del mundo que nos rodea. Abarcan desde la combustión de combustibles fósiles hasta la acción de blanqueadores domésticos. Asimismo, la mayoría de los elementos metálicos y no metálicos se obtienen a partir de sus minerales por procesos de oxidación o de reducción.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Muchas reacciones redox importantes se llevan a cabo en agua, pero esto no implica que todas las reacciones redox sucedan en medio acuoso. Considere, por ejemplo, la formación de óxido de calcio (CaO) a partir de calcio y oxígeno.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2Ca(s) &amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;O&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;(g) &amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;2CaO(s)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
El óxido de calcio (CaO) es un compuesto iónico formado por iones Ca&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;y O&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. En esta reacción, dos átomos de Ca ceden o transfieren cuatro electrones a dos átomos de O (en el&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;). Por conveniencia, este proceso se visualiza como dos etapas, una implica la pérdida de cuatro electrones por los dos átomos de Ca, y la otra, la ganancia de los cuatro electrones por una molécula de&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2Ca &amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;2Ca&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;4&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
O&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; + &amp;nbsp;4e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;2O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Cada una de estas etapas se denominan semirreacción, y explícitamente muestran los electrones &amp;nbsp;transferidos en la reacción redox. La suma de las semirreaciones produce la reacción global.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2Ca &amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;O&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; + &amp;nbsp;4e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;--&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;2Ca&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;+&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;2O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;4&lt;i&gt;e&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
o, si se cancelan los electrones que aparecen en ambos lados de la ecuación.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2Ca &amp;nbsp;+ &amp;nbsp;O&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 10.3500003814697px;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;2Ca&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;+&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;2O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Por último, los iones Ca y O se combinan para formar CaO;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2Ca&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;+&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;2O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif;&quot;&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt; &amp;nbsp;2CaO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Por convenio, no se muestran las cargas en las fórmula de un compuesto iónico por lo que el óxido de calcio normalmente se presenta como CaO y no como&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2Ca&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;O&lt;sup style=&quot;background-color: #fff9ee; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, &#39;Palatino Linotype&#39;, Palatino, serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
El término &lt;b&gt;reacción de oxidación&lt;/b&gt; se refiere a la semirreacion que&lt;i&gt; implica la pérdida de electrones&lt;/i&gt;. Antiguamente, los químicos empleaban el término &quot;oxidación&quot; para expresar la combinación de elementos con oxígeno. Sin embargo, actualmente tiene un significado más amplio ya que también incluye reacciones en las que no participa el oxígeno. Una &lt;b&gt;reacción de reducción&lt;/b&gt; es una&lt;i&gt; semirreacción que implica una ganancia de electrones&lt;/i&gt;. En la formación de óxido de calcio, el calcio de oxida. Se dice que actúa como &lt;b&gt;agente reductor&lt;/b&gt; porque &lt;i&gt;dona electrones&lt;/i&gt; al oxígeno y hace que se reduzca. El oxígeno se reduce y actúa como un &lt;b&gt;agente oxidante&lt;/b&gt; porque &lt;i&gt;acepta electrones&lt;/i&gt; del calcio y hace que este se oxide.Observe que la magnitud de la oxidación en una reacción redox debe ser igual a la magnitud de la reducción, es decir, el número de electrones que pierde un agente reductor debe ser igual al número de electrones ganados por un agente oxidante.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_-GHCPDARdZd09ZC715YTN_t0lxCLu67VOF9XGDUw31FjEmB0wvHn3mXNXfrvFqV5FX3NaZ0vgPyqGOUtTlD9O-35QP7ZBMteEvogLmv6N7UPSDbZgaoB4raKduUwIpq08K2kUz5F7ow/s1600/redox.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_-GHCPDARdZd09ZC715YTN_t0lxCLu67VOF9XGDUw31FjEmB0wvHn3mXNXfrvFqV5FX3NaZ0vgPyqGOUtTlD9O-35QP7ZBMteEvogLmv6N7UPSDbZgaoB4raKduUwIpq08K2kUz5F7ow/s1600/redox.jpg&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/8276676789268084753/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/02/reacciones-de-oxidacion-reduccion.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8276676789268084753'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8276676789268084753'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2015/02/reacciones-de-oxidacion-reduccion.html' title='Reacciones de oxidación-reducción'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_-GHCPDARdZd09ZC715YTN_t0lxCLu67VOF9XGDUw31FjEmB0wvHn3mXNXfrvFqV5FX3NaZ0vgPyqGOUtTlD9O-35QP7ZBMteEvogLmv6N7UPSDbZgaoB4raKduUwIpq08K2kUz5F7ow/s72-c/redox.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-3513925797125079582</id><published>2014-09-20T11:03:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-09-20T11:03:36.169-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acido"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acuosas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agua"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="anion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="base"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cation"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="compuesto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disolucion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electrolitos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ionico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="NaCl"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="neutralizacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reaccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sal"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sustancia"/><title type='text'>Neutralización ácido-base</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Una &lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;reacción de neutralización&lt;/b&gt; es una reacción entre un ácido y una base&lt;/i&gt;. Generalmente, en las reacciones acuosas ácido-base se forma agua y una sal, &lt;i&gt;que es un compuesto iónico formado por un catión distinto del H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; y un anión distinto del OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; u O&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
ácido&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; base&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; sal&amp;nbsp; + agua&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Todas las sales son electrólitos fuertes. La sustancia que se conoce como sal de mesa, NaCl, es un ejemplo familiar de una sal. Es el producto de la reacción ácido-base&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
HCl(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; NaOH(ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; NaCl(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O(l)&lt;/div&gt;
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Sin embargo, puesto que tanto el ácido como la base son electrólitos fuertes, están completamente ionizados en la disolución.&amp;nbsp; La ecuación iónica es:&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O(l)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Por tanto, la reacción se puede representar por la ecucación iónica neta&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O(l)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tanto el Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; como Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; el son iones espectadores.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Si en la reacción anteriore se hubiera iniciado con iguales cantidades molares del ácido y de la base, al final de la reacción únicamente se tendría una sal y no habría ácido o base remanente. Ésta es una característica de las reacciones de neutralización ácido-base.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/3513925797125079582/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/09/neutralizacion-acido-base.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/3513925797125079582'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/3513925797125079582'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/09/neutralizacion-acido-base.html' title='Neutralización ácido-base'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-7299122275403116676</id><published>2014-09-17T13:39:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-09-17T13:39:41.906-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agua"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="bicarbonato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="calcio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="caliza"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="carbonato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="carbono"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="dolomita"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="insoluble"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="iones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="piedra"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="precipitacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="precipitado"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reaccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="tierra"/><title type='text'>Una indeseable reacción de precipitación</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
La piedra caliza ( CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) y la dolomita ( CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; .MgCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), que se encuentran bastante extendidas en la superficie de la Tierra, a menudo penetran en los suministros de agua. El carbonato de calcio es insoluble en agua. Sin embargo, en presencia de dióxido de carbono disuelto (de la atmósfera), el carbonato de calcio se transforma en bicarbonato de calcio soluble,  Ca(HCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
 CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(s)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O(l)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2HCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;ac)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
donde HCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;; es el ión bicarbonato.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
El agua que contiene iones Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; y/o Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp; se conoce como &lt;i&gt;agua dura&lt;/i&gt; y el agua que prácticamente está libre de estos iones recibe el nombre de &lt;i&gt;agua blanda&lt;/i&gt;. El agua dura es inadecuada para algunos usos domésticos e industriales.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Cuando el agua que contiene iones Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; y HCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;;se calienta o se hierve, se invierte la reacción de disolución para producir precipitado de CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp; Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2HCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(s)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O(l)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
y el dióxido de carbono gaseoso es expulsado de la disolución:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(g)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
El carbonato de calcio sólido asi formado es el componente principal de la incrustación que se acumula en los calentadores, calderas, tuberías y cafeteras. Esta gruesa capa de incrustación reduce la transferencia de calor y disminuye la eficiencia y durabilidad de calentadores, tuberías y utensillos. En las tuberías domésticas de agua caliente puede restringir o bloquear totalmente el flujo de agua. Para eliminar estos depósitos, los plomeros utilizan un método sencillo que consiste en introducir una pequeña cantidad de ácido clorhídrico, que reacciona con el CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;y lo disuelve.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://iberaqua.net/website/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Cal-en-tuberias.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://iberaqua.net/website/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Cal-en-tuberias.jpg&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/7299122275403116676/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/09/una-indeseable-reaccion-de-precipitacion.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/7299122275403116676'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/7299122275403116676'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/09/una-indeseable-reaccion-de-precipitacion.html' title='Una indeseable reacción de precipitación'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-6844405145786119556</id><published>2014-09-04T14:33:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-09-04T14:33:25.594-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acetico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acidos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acuosas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agrio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="amargo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="bases"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="citrico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="generales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="iones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ionizacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="propiedades"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sabor"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="soluciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sustancias"/><title type='text'>Propiedades generales de los ácidos y bases</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Los ácidos son sustancias que se ionizan en agua para formar iones H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; y las bases como sustancias que se ionizan en agua para formar iones OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;. El químico sueco Svante Arrhenius formuló estas definiciones a finales del siglo XIX para clasificar a las sustancias cuyas propiedades en disolución acuosa eran bien conocidas.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ácidos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Los ácidos tienen sabor agrio; por ejemplo el vinagre debe su sabor al ácido acético, y los limones y otros frutos cítricos contienen ácido cítrico.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Los ácidos ocasionan cambios de color en los pigmentos vegetales; por ejemplo, cambian el color del papel tornasol de azul a rojo.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Los ácidos reaccionan con algunos metales como el zinc, magnesio o hierro para producir hidrógeno gaseoso. Una reacción típica es la que sucede entre el ácido clorhídrico y el magnesio:&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2HCl(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; Mg(s)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; MgCl&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(g)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&amp;nbsp;Los ácidos reaccionan con los carbonatos y los bicarbonatos, como Na&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; y NaHCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, para formar dióxido de carbono gaseoso. Por ejemplo:&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2HCl(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(s)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; CaCl&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(l)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(g)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Las soluciones acuosas de los ácidos conducen la electricidad&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://profmgodoy.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/disoluc3.jpg?w=646&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://profmgodoy.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/disoluc3.jpg?w=646&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Ionización del HCl en agua para formar el ion hidronio y el ion cloruro&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Bases&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Las bases tienen sabor amargo&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Las bases se sienten resbaladizas; por ejemplo, los jabones que contienen bases muestran esta propiedad.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Las bases producen cambios de color en los colorantes vegetales; por ejemplo, cambian el color del papel tornasol de color rojo a azul.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Las disoluciones acuosas de las bases conducen la electricidad. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/6844405145786119556/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/09/propiedades-generales-de-los-acidos-y.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/6844405145786119556'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/6844405145786119556'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/09/propiedades-generales-de-los-acidos-y.html' title='Propiedades generales de los ácidos y bases'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-8367038745313803318</id><published>2014-08-30T11:16:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-30T11:16:03.431-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acetilsalicilico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acidos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="aspirina"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="bases"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="bayer"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="biologicos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="domesticos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hidroxido"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="industria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="leche"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="magnesia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="magnesio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="medicina"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="nombres"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="phillips"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicos"/><title type='text'>Ácidos y bases</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Los ácidos y las bases son tan comunes como la aspirina y la leche de magnesia, aunque mucha gente desconozca sus nombres químicos, ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirina) e hidróxido de magnesio (leche de magnesia). Además de ser la base de muchos productos medicinales y domésticos, la química de ácidos y bases es importante en los procesos industriales y es fundamental en los sistemas biológicos.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aspirina.cl/img/500_16.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.aspirina.cl/img/500_16.png&quot; height=&quot;241&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5J4yH5GHIVhxq5t40RCRjKh09IpO6HlGmT5IFSCWWR9OJnKBtSdc1UMPraOKz9Nz9NqAERuctWR3Iceu1xSGfxyJ0RTT-ndksL2m3hYPCb3E6Vpu6aJcweXoIgHEteuCRRuvHSoDAxOUv/s640/IMG_6482.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5J4yH5GHIVhxq5t40RCRjKh09IpO6HlGmT5IFSCWWR9OJnKBtSdc1UMPraOKz9Nz9NqAERuctWR3Iceu1xSGfxyJ0RTT-ndksL2m3hYPCb3E6Vpu6aJcweXoIgHEteuCRRuvHSoDAxOUv/s640/IMG_6482.JPG&quot; height=&quot;266&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/8367038745313803318/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/acidos-y-bases.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8367038745313803318'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8367038745313803318'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/acidos-y-bases.html' title='Ácidos y bases'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5J4yH5GHIVhxq5t40RCRjKh09IpO6HlGmT5IFSCWWR9OJnKBtSdc1UMPraOKz9Nz9NqAERuctWR3Iceu1xSGfxyJ0RTT-ndksL2m3hYPCb3E6Vpu6aJcweXoIgHEteuCRRuvHSoDAxOUv/s72-c/IMG_6482.JPG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-2199238872349465711</id><published>2014-08-27T14:55:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-27T14:55:50.365-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agua"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="compuestos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuaciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="entidades"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="especies"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="formulas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ionicas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="moleculares"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="moleculas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="nitrato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pasos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="plomo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="resumen"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sodio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="yoduro"/><title type='text'>Ecuaciones moleculares y ecuaciones iónicas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
La ecuación:&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Pb(NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2NaI(ac)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PbI&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(s)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2NaNO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
la denominamos &lt;b&gt;ecuación molecular&lt;/b&gt; porque &lt;i&gt;las fórmulas de los compuestos están escritas como si todas las especies existieran como moléculas o entidades completas&lt;/i&gt;. Una ecuación molecular es útil porque aclara la identidad de los reactivos (es decir, nitrato de plomo y yoduro de sodio). Si se quisiera llevar a cabo esta reacción en el laboratorio, ésta es la ecuacion molecular que debería utilizarse. Sin embargo, una ecuación molecular no describe con exactitud lo que realmente está sucediendo a nivel microscópico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Cuando los compuestos iónicos se disuelven en agua, se separan por completo en los cationes y aniones que los componen. Por ello, para que las ecuaciones se apeguen más a la realidad, deberán indicar de la disociación de los compuestos iónicos en sus aniones. Así la ecuación se escribiría:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Pb&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2I&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PbI&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(s)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; + 2NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(ac) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Esta ecuación ejemplifica una &lt;b&gt;ecuación iónica&lt;/b&gt;, en la que &lt;i&gt;se muestran las especies disueltas como iones libres&lt;/i&gt;. Una ecuación iónica también incluye a los iones espectadores, es decir, los iones que no participan en la reacción global, en este caso los iones Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; y NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;. Como los iones espectadores aparecen en ambos lados de la ecuación y no cambian durante la reacción química, se pueden cancelar. Para centrarse en los cambios que ocurren, se escribe la &lt;b&gt;ecuación iónica neta&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;que únicamente muestra las especies que realmente participan en la reacción:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Pb&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2I&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; PbI&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(s)&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Los siguientes pasos resumen el proedimiento para escribir ecuaciones iónicas y iónicas netas.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Escriba la ecuación molecular balanceada para la reacción.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vuelva a escribir la ecuación para indicar los iones disociados que se forman en la disolución. Se supone que todos son electrólitos fuertes que, en solución, están completamente disociados en cationes y aniones. Este procedimiento conduce a la ecuación iónica.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Indique y cancele los iones espectadores en ambos lados de la ecuación para obtener la ecuación iónica neta.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/2199238872349465711/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/ecuaciones-moleculares-y-ecuaciones.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2199238872349465711'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2199238872349465711'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/ecuaciones-moleculares-y-ecuaciones.html' title='Ecuaciones moleculares y ecuaciones iónicas'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-5033875419815511207</id><published>2014-08-25T10:00:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-25T10:00:00.486-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="compuesto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disolvente"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electrolitos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="insoluble"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ionico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="precipitado"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="solubilidad"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="soluto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="tabla"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="temperatura"/><title type='text'>Solubilidad</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
¿Cómo se puede predecir la formación de un precipitado cuando se añade un compuesto a una disolución o cuando se mezclan dos disoluciones? Esto depende de la &lt;b&gt;solubilidad&lt;/b&gt; del soluto, &lt;i&gt;que se define como la máxima cantidad de soluto que se disolverá en una cantidad dada de disolvete a una temperatura específica&lt;/i&gt;. Los químicos describe a las sustancias como solubles, ligeramente solubles o insolubles en terminos cualitativos. Se dice que una sustancia es soluble si se disuelve visiblemente una cantidad suficiente cuando se agrega agua. Si no es así, la sustancia se describe como ligeramente soluble o insoluble. Aunque todos los compuestos iónicos son electrólitos fuertes, no todos tienen la misma solubilidad.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzcCeN5ZrQs-nlS8K8ScX0tmZYr9TDUPx3UbG358BuTqxqTcfPfXMOeu-ER56cn1GMfKPaw8iuYXyA-cXcWGdHfy-RAajCVTKyZZv4R-MZ1N7bA87_oP8dRc4O1ZkARKBAayYQF4s7ZQzM/s400/sol34.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzcCeN5ZrQs-nlS8K8ScX0tmZYr9TDUPx3UbG358BuTqxqTcfPfXMOeu-ER56cn1GMfKPaw8iuYXyA-cXcWGdHfy-RAajCVTKyZZv4R-MZ1N7bA87_oP8dRc4O1ZkARKBAayYQF4s7ZQzM/s400/sol34.JPG&quot; height=&quot;430&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Algunos compuestos iónicos solubles e insolubles&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://rinconciencia.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/dsc04700.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://rinconciencia.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/dsc04700.jpg&quot; height=&quot;424&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Precipitado&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/5033875419815511207/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/solubilidad.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/5033875419815511207'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/5033875419815511207'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/solubilidad.html' title='Solubilidad'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzcCeN5ZrQs-nlS8K8ScX0tmZYr9TDUPx3UbG358BuTqxqTcfPfXMOeu-ER56cn1GMfKPaw8iuYXyA-cXcWGdHfy-RAajCVTKyZZv4R-MZ1N7bA87_oP8dRc4O1ZkARKBAayYQF4s7ZQzM/s72-c/sol34.JPG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-8822902577506055609</id><published>2014-08-22T13:32:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-22T13:32:48.353-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acuosa"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="caracteriza"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disolucion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="formacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="insoluble"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="nitrato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="plomo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="precipitacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="precipitado"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="producto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reaccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reacciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sodio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="solido"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="yoduro"/><title type='text'>Reacciones de precipitación</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
La&lt;b&gt; reacción de precipitación&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;es un tipo común de reacción en disolución acuosa que se caracteriza por la formación de un producto insoluble o precipitado&lt;/i&gt;. Un &lt;b&gt;precipitado&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;es un sólido insoluble que se separa de la disolución&lt;/i&gt;. En las reacciones de precipitación por lo general participan compuestos iónicos. Por ejemplo, cuando se agrega una disolución acuosa de nitrato de plomo, &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Pb(NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, a una disolución acuosa de yoduro de sodio (NaI), se forma un precipitado amarillo de yoduro de plomo (PbI&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;):&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Pb(NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2NaI(ac)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; PbI&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(s)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2NaNO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&lt;/div&gt;
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El nitrato de sodio queda en disolución.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://i3.ytimg.com/vi/WvKsHzcU6Cs/0.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://i3.ytimg.com/vi/WvKsHzcU6Cs/0.jpg&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/8822902577506055609/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/reacciones-de-precipitacion.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8822902577506055609'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8822902577506055609'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/reacciones-de-precipitacion.html' title='Reacciones de precipitación'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-7546439291920055441</id><published>2014-08-21T12:18:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-21T12:18:19.156-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acuosas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agua"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="categorias"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cloruro"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cobre"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disoluciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electricidad"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electrodos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electroliticas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="electrolitos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="foco"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="inertes"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="NaCl"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="platino"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="propiedades"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sodio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="solutos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sustancia"/><title type='text'>Propiedades electrolíticas de las disoluciones acuosas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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Todos los solutos que se disuelven en agua se agrupan en dos categorías: electrólitos y no electrólitos. Un &lt;b&gt;electrólito&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;es una sustancia que, cuando se disuelve en agua, forma una disolución que conduce la electricidad.&lt;/i&gt; Un &lt;b&gt;no electrólito&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;no conduce la corriente eléctrica cuando se disuelve en agua.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://profmgodoy.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/disoluc1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://profmgodoy.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/disoluc1.jpg&quot; height=&quot;232&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Un par de electrodos inertes (de cobre o de platino) se sumerge en un vaso con agua. Para que el foco se encienda, la corriente eléctrica debe fluir de un electrodo al otro, para cerrar así el circuito. El agua pura es un conductor deficiente de la electricidad; sin embargo, al añadirle una pequeña cantidad de cloruro de sodio (NaCl), el foco se enciende tan pronto como la sal se disuelve en el agua. El NaCl sólido es un compuesto iónico que al disolverse en agua se disocia en iones Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; y Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; . Los iones Na&lt;sup&gt;+ &lt;/sup&gt;se dirigen hacia el electrodo negativo, y los iones Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; hacia el electrodo positivo. Este movimiento establece una cirriente eléctrica que equivale al fujo de electrones a través de un alambre metálico. Como la disolucion de NaCl conduce la electricidad, se dice que el NaCl es electrólito. El agua pura contiene muy pocos iones, por lo que no puede conducir la electricidad.&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/7546439291920055441/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/propiedades-electroliticas-de-las.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/7546439291920055441'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/7546439291920055441'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/propiedades-electroliticas-de-las.html' title='Propiedades electrolíticas de las disoluciones acuosas'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-7800922314106054366</id><published>2014-08-20T10:25:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-20T10:25:39.119-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="acuosas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agua"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="aire"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="aleacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cantidad"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disoluciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="disolvente"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="gaseosa"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="homogenea"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="liquida"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mar"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mayor"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="menor"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mezcla"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="preparacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="solida"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="soluto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sustancias"/><title type='text'>Disoluciones acuosas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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Una &lt;b&gt;disolución&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;es una mezcla homogpenea de dos o mas sustancias&lt;/i&gt;. El &lt;b&gt;soluto&lt;/b&gt; es &lt;i&gt;la sustancia presente en menor cantidad&lt;/i&gt;, y el &lt;b&gt;disolvente&lt;/b&gt; es &lt;i&gt;la sustancia que esta en mayor cantidad&lt;/i&gt;. Una disolución puede ser gaseosa (como el aire), sólida (como una aleación) o líquida (agua de mar, por ejemplo). &lt;b&gt;Las disoluciones acuosas&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;son las que el soluto es un líquido o un sólido y el disolvente es agua&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://html.rincondelvago.com/000717590.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://html.rincondelvago.com/000717590.png&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; width=&quot;261&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/7800922314106054366/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/disoluciones-acuosas.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/7800922314106054366'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/7800922314106054366'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/disoluciones-acuosas.html' title='Disoluciones acuosas'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-2172023777938038075</id><published>2014-08-20T10:02:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-20T10:02:41.110-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="atomicas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="avogadro"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="composcion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuaciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="elemento"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="estequiometria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Estudio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="formula"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="isotopos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="masas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="moleculas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="numero"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="porcentual"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="productos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reacciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reactivos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sustancias"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="uma"/><title type='text'>5 conceptos para recordar</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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1- Las masas atómicas se miden en unidades de masa atómica (uma), una unidad relativa que se basa en un valor exactamente de 12 para el isótopo carbono-12. La masa atómica dada para los átomos de un elemento particular, por lo general, es el promedio de la distribución de los isótopos naturales de ese elemento. La masa molecular de una molécula es la suma de la masas atómicas de los átomos que la constituyen. Tanto la masa atómica, como la masa molecular se pueden determinar con exactitud con un espectrómetro de masas.&lt;/div&gt;
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2- Un mol es el número de Avogadro (6,022 x 10&lt;sup&gt;23&lt;/sup&gt;) de átomos, moléculas u otras partículas. La masa molar (en gramos) de un elemento o de un compuesto es numéricamente igual a su masa en unidades de masa atómica (uma) y contiene el número de Avogadro de átomos (en el caso de los elementos), de moléculas o de unidades de fórmula simples (en el caso de compuestos iónicos).&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
3- La composición porcentual en masa de un compuesto es el porcentaje en masa de cada elemento presente. Si se conoce la composición porcentual en masa de un compuesto, es posible deducir su fórmula empírica, y su fórmula molecular, si se conoce su masa molar aproximada.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
4- Los cambios químicos, llamados reacciones químicas, se representan mediante ecuaciones químicas. Las sustancias que experimentan un cambio, los reactivos, se escriben del lado izquierdo y las sustancias que se forman, los productos, aparecen del lado derecho de la flecha. Las ecuaciones químicas deben estar balanceadas, de acuerdo con la ley de la conservación de la masa. El número de átomos de cada tipo de elemento en los reactivos y en los productos debe ser el mismo.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
5- La estequiometría es el estudio cuantitativo de los productos y reactivos en una reacción química. Los cálculos estequiométricos se realizan de manera óptima expresando, tanto las cantidades conocidas como las desconocidas, en término de moles y después, si es necesario, se convierten en otras unidades. Un reactivo limitante es el reactivo que está presente en la menor cantidad estequiométrica; limita la cantidad de producto que se puede formar. La cantidad de producto que se obtiene en una reaccion (rendimiento real) puede ser menor que la máxima cantidad posible (rendimiento teórico). La relación de los dos se expresa como porcentaje de rendimiento.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/2172023777938038075/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/5-conceptos-para-recordar.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2172023777938038075'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2172023777938038075'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/5-conceptos-para-recordar.html' title='5 conceptos para recordar'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-8423285050441173583</id><published>2014-08-18T19:02:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-18T19:02:35.558-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agua"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="amoniaco"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="amonio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cosechas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="dioxido de carbono"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="fertilizantes"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mundial"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="nitrato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="plantas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="poblacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="produccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reacciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="rendimiento"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="suelo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sulfato"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="toneladas"/><title type='text'>Fertilizantes químicos</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Alimentar a la población mundial, en acelerado crecimiento, demanda a los granjeros la producción de mejores y más abundantes cosechas. Cada año se agregan a los suelos cientos de millones de toneladas de fertilizantes químicos para aumentar la calidad y el rendimiento de las cosechas. Además de dióxido de carbono y agua, las plantas necesitan por lo menos seis elementos para tener un crecimiento satisfactorio. Estos elementos son N, P, K, Ca, S y Mg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Los fertilizantes nitrogenados contienen sales de nitrato (NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), sales de amonio (NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) y otros compuestos. Las plantas pueden absorber nitrógeno directamente en forma de nitrato, pero las sales de amonio y el amoniaco(NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) se deben convertir primero en nitratos mediante accion de las bacterias del suelo. La principal materia prima para los fertilizantes nitrogenados es el amoniaco, que se obtiene por la reaccion entre hidrógeno y nitrógeno:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
3H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(g)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; N&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(g)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; 2NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(g)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
En forma líquida, el amoniaco se puede inyectar directamente en el suelo.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
De manera alternativa, el amoniaco se puede convertir en nitrato de amonio,NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, sulfato de amonio, (NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;SO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, o hidrógeno fosfato de amonio, (NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;HPO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, por medio de las siguientes reacciones ácido-base:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; HNO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;SO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; (NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;SO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;PO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; (NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;HPO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Otro método para obtener sulfato de amonio requiere de dos pasos :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O(l)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; (NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (1)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
(NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; CaSO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; (NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;SO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; CaCO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(s)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (2)&lt;/div&gt;
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Este procedimiento es adecuado porque las materias primas, dióxido de carbono y sulfato de calcio, son menos costosas que el ácido sulfúrico. Para aumentar el rendimiento, se ahce que el amoniaco sea el reactivo limitante de la reaccón (1) y, el carbonato de amonio, en la reacción (2).&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://historiasyplatos.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/fertilizantes.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://historiasyplatos.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/fertilizantes.jpg&quot; height=&quot;265&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Hay varios factores que influyen en la elección de un fertilizante sobre otros: 1) el costo de materias primas necesarias para la obtencion del fertilizante; 2) la facilidad de almacenamiento, transporte y empleo; 3) la composición porcentual en masa del elemento que se desea; 4) adaptabilidad del compuesto, es decir, si el compuesto es soluble en agua y si puede ser absorbido rápidamente por las plantas. Al considerar todos estos factores, se encuentra que el NH&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; es el fertilizante nitrogenado más importante en el mundo, a pesar de que el amoniaco tiene mayor porcentaje de nitrógeno en masa.&lt;/div&gt;
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Los fertilizantes fosfatados provienen de una roca fosfórica llamada &lt;i&gt;fluorapatita&lt;/i&gt;, CA&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(PO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;F. La fluorapatita es insoluble en agua, por lo que primero debe convertirse en dihidrógeno fosfato de calcio CA&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;PO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, que es soluble en agua:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2CA&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(PO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;F(s)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 7H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;SO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; 3CA&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;PO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 7CaSO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(ac)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 2HF(g)&lt;/div&gt;
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Para lograr el máximo rendimiento, se hace que la fluorapatita sea el reactivo limitante en esta reacción.&lt;/div&gt;
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Todas las reacciones que se estudiaron para la preparación de fertilizantes parecen relativamente sencillas; sin embargo, se han hechos muchos esfuerzos para mejorar su rendimiento cambiando algunas condiciones como temperatura, presión, entre otras. Por lo general, los químicos industriales primero producen las reacciones prometedoras en el laboratorio y después las prueban en una planta piloto antes de aplicarlas en forma masiva.&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/8423285050441173583/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/fertilizantes-quimicos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8423285050441173583'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8423285050441173583'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/fertilizantes-quimicos.html' title='Fertilizantes químicos'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-3206251708955695282</id><published>2014-08-17T15:15:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-17T15:15:52.478-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ejemplo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="formula"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="limitante"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="maximo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="porcentual"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="producto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="proporcion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reaccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reactivo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="real"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="rendimiento"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reversible"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="teorico"/><title type='text'>Rendimiento de la reacción</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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La cantidad de reactivo limitante presente al inicio de una reacción determina el &lt;b&gt;rendimiento teórico&lt;/b&gt; de la reacción, es decir, &lt;i&gt;la cantidad de producto que se obtendrá si reaciona todo el reactivo limitante&lt;/i&gt;. Por tanto, el rendimiento teórico es el rendimiento máximo que se puede obtener, que se calcula a partir de la ecuación balanceada. En la práctica, el &lt;b&gt;rendimiento real&lt;/b&gt;, o bien, &lt;i&gt;la cantidad de producto que se obtiene en una reacción&lt;/i&gt;, casi siempre es menor que el rendimiento teórico. Existen muchas razones para explicar la diferencia entre el rendimiento real y el teórico. Por ejemplo, muchas reacciones son reversibles, por lo que no proceden en un 100% de izquierda de derecha. Aún cuando la reacción se complete en un 100%, resulta difícil recuperar todo el producto del medio de reacción (por ejemplo, de una disolución acuosa). Algunas reacciones son complicadas, en el sentido de que los productos formados pueden seguir reaccionando entre sí o los reactivos, para formar todavía otros productos. Estas reacciones adicionales reducen el rendimiento de la primera reacción.&lt;/div&gt;
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Para determinar la eficiencia de una reacción específica, los químicos utilizan el término &lt;b&gt;rendimiento porcentual&lt;/b&gt;, que describe &lt;i&gt;la proporción del rendimiento real con respecto al rendimiento teórico&lt;/i&gt;. Se calcula de la siguiente forma:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Bo0y-KHTVfrXYuppJMqHf2llJ86g4sYE0vgYsZWV3lhdacodBc-rnhNv80lEaDgbMByVA2eos9_pfJ2RrkpyDMShH2sX0XEcidVkipH_5AwCU3N2cMcSXNWhfh-va6103oSbYSieEUjP/&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Bo0y-KHTVfrXYuppJMqHf2llJ86g4sYE0vgYsZWV3lhdacodBc-rnhNv80lEaDgbMByVA2eos9_pfJ2RrkpyDMShH2sX0XEcidVkipH_5AwCU3N2cMcSXNWhfh-va6103oSbYSieEUjP/&quot; height=&quot;58&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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El intervalo de procentaje del rendimiento puede fluctuar desde 1% hasta 100%. Los químicos siempre buscan alumentar el porcentaje de rendimiento de las reacciones. Entre los factores que pueden afectar el porcentaje del rendimiento se encuentran la temperatura y la presion.&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/3206251708955695282/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/rendimiento-de-la-reaccion.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/3206251708955695282'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/3206251708955695282'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/rendimiento-de-la-reaccion.html' title='Rendimiento de la reacción'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Bo0y-KHTVfrXYuppJMqHf2llJ86g4sYE0vgYsZWV3lhdacodBc-rnhNv80lEaDgbMByVA2eos9_pfJ2RrkpyDMShH2sX0XEcidVkipH_5AwCU3N2cMcSXNWhfh-va6103oSbYSieEUjP/s72-c" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-2874566140247856145</id><published>2014-08-15T21:40:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-15T21:40:05.339-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="bailar"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="balanceada"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cantidades"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="estequiometricas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="exceso"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hombres"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="limitante"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mujeres"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="proporciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reactivo"/><title type='text'>Reactivo limitante</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Cuando un químico efectúa una reacción, generalmente los reactivos no están presentes en las &lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;cantidades estequiométricas&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt; exactas, es decir, &lt;i&gt;en las proporciones que indica la ecuación balanceada&lt;/i&gt;. Como consecuencia, algunos reactivos se consumen mientras que parte de otros se recuperan al finalizar la reacción. &lt;i&gt;El reactivo que se consume primero en la reacción&lt;/i&gt; recibe el nombre de reactivo limitante, ya que la máxima cantidad de producto que se forma depende de la cantidad de ese reactivo que habia originalmente. Cuando este reactivo se consume no se puede formar más producto. Los&lt;b&gt; reactivos en exceso&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;son los reactivos presentes en mayor cantidad que la necesaria para reaccionar con la cantidad de reactivo limitante&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
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El concepto de reactivo limitante es análogo a la relación entre hombres y mujeres en un salón de baile en un club. Si hay 14 hombres y sólo 9 mujeres, únicamente se podrán completar 9 parejas hombre/mujer. Cinco hombres se quedarán si pareja. Así el número de mujeres&lt;i&gt; limita &lt;/i&gt;el número de hombres que podrán bailar y hay un exceso de hombres.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://labquimica.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/imagen-02.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://labquimica.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/imagen-02.jpg&quot; height=&quot;150&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/2874566140247856145/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/reactivo-limitante.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2874566140247856145'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/2874566140247856145'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/reactivo-limitante.html' title='Reactivo limitante'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-1069441169405852247</id><published>2014-08-15T14:37:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-15T14:38:35.775-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="calculos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cantidades"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="coeficientes"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="estequiometria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="formulas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="industria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="laboratorio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="metodo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="moles"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pasos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pregunta"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="productos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reactivos"/><title type='text'>Cantidades de reactivos y productos</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Una pregunta que se plantea en el laboratorio y en la industria química es: &quot;¿qué cantidad de productos se obtendrá a partir de cantidades específicas de las materias primas (reactivos)?&quot;. O bien, en algunos casos la pregunta se plantea de manera inversa: &quot;¿qué cantidad de materia prima se debe utilizar para obtener una cantidad específica del producto?&quot;. Para interpretar una reacción en forma cuantitativa es necesario aplicar el conocimiento de las masas molares y el concepto de mol. La &lt;b&gt;estequiometría&lt;/b&gt; es el &lt;i&gt;estudio cuantitativo de reactivos y productos en una reacción química.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Independientemente de que las unidades utilizadas para los reactivos (o productos) sean moles, gramos, litros (para los gases) y otras unidades, para calcular la cantidad de producto formado en una ecuación se utilizan moles. Este método se denomina &lt;b&gt;metodo del mol&lt;/b&gt;, que significa que &lt;i&gt;los coeficientes estequiométricos en una reacción química se pueden interpretar como el número de moles de cada sustancia.&lt;/i&gt; Por ejemplo, la combustion del monóxido de carbono en el aire produce dióxido de carbono:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2CO(g)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(g)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; 2CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(g)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Para los cálculos estequiométricos esta ecuación puede leerse como: &quot;2 moles de monóxido de carbono gaseoso se combinan con 1 mol de oxígeno gaseoso para formar dos moles de dióxido de carbono gaseoso&quot;. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
El método del mol consta de los siguintes pasos:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Escriba las fórmulas correctas para todos los reactivos y productos y haga el balance de la ecuación resultante.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Convierta en moles las cantidades de algunas o todas las sustancias conocidas (generalmente los reactivos).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Utilice los coeficientes de la ecuación balanceada para calcular el número de moles de las cantidades buscadas o desconocidas (generalmente los productos) en el problema.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Utilizando los números calculados de moles y masas molares convierta las cantidades ddesconocidas en las unidades que se requieran (generalmente en gramos).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Verifique que la respuesta sea razonable.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5wv-1rX_B5LaauCZbGhv4FtOZkAkvQ2DzcYrH9lYPbeJrRoWqiAovW5JmOSTj-vl_ymq320FFkt2x4bc-P0owL83y6RXfFtn3tZ1gWdUUSWGPQZWf0DekeThf2W43P99yv1sYZwurO5k8/&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5wv-1rX_B5LaauCZbGhv4FtOZkAkvQ2DzcYrH9lYPbeJrRoWqiAovW5JmOSTj-vl_ymq320FFkt2x4bc-P0owL83y6RXfFtn3tZ1gWdUUSWGPQZWf0DekeThf2W43P99yv1sYZwurO5k8/&quot; height=&quot;242&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Tres tipos de cálculo basado en el método del mol&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
El paso 1 es un requisito previo para cualquier cálculo estequiométrico. Se debe conocer la identidad de los reactivosy de los productos, y sus relaciones de masa deben considerar la ley de la conservación de la masa (es decir, se debe tener una ecuación balanceada). El paso 2 es el punto crítico para convertir los gramos (u otras unidades) de las sustancias en números de moles. Esta conversion permite analizar la reacción real solo en término de moles.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Para completar el paso 3, es necesario balancear la ecuación lo que ya se hizo en el paso 1. El punto clave aquí es que en una ecuación balanceada, los coeficientes indican la relacion en la cual las moles de una sustancia reaccionan o forman moles de otras sustancias. El paso 4 es semejante al paso 2, excepto que ahora se refiere a las cantidades buscadas en el problema. El paso 5 con frecuencia se subestima, pero es muy importante.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/1069441169405852247/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/cantidades-de-reactivos-y-productos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/1069441169405852247'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/1069441169405852247'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/cantidades-de-reactivos-y-productos.html' title='Cantidades de reactivos y productos'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5wv-1rX_B5LaauCZbGhv4FtOZkAkvQ2DzcYrH9lYPbeJrRoWqiAovW5JmOSTj-vl_ymq320FFkt2x4bc-P0owL83y6RXfFtn3tZ1gWdUUSWGPQZWf0DekeThf2W43P99yv1sYZwurO5k8/s72-c" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-5425324511968293046</id><published>2014-08-14T11:09:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-14T11:09:55.367-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="balance"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cloruro"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="coeficientes"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="complicadas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuaciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ejemplo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="formulas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="KClO3"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="laboratorio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="nitrogeno"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oxigeno"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="productos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reactivos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sencillas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="verificacion"/><title type='text'>Balance de ecuaciones químicas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Supongamos que desea escribir una ecuación para explicar una reacción química que se acaba de realizar en el laboratorio. ¿Cómo se procede? Puesto que se conocen los reactivos, es posible escribir sus fórmulas químicas. Es más difícil establecer la identidad de los productos. Con frecuencia, es posible predecir el o los productos de reacciones sencillas. En reacciones más complicadas en las que hay tres o más productos, los químicos necesitarán otras pruebas para establercer la presencia de compuestos específicos.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Una vez que se han identificado los reactivos y productos, y que se han escrito sus fórmulas correctas, se acomodan según la secuencia convencional: los reactivos a la izquierda, separados por una flecha de los productos, que se colocan del lado derecho. Es muy probable que la ecuación que se ha escrito en este momento este &lt;i&gt;sin &quot;balancear&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, es decir que el número de cada tipo de átomos sea diferente en ambos lados de la flecha. En general el balance de una ecuación química se verifica mediante los siguientes pasos:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Se identifican todos los reactivos y productos, y se escriben sus fórmulas correctas, del lado izquierdo y derecho de la ecuación, respectivamente.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;El balance de la ecuación se emplea probando diferentes coeficientes para igualar el número de átomos de cada elemento en ambos lados de la ecuación. Se pueden cambiar los coeficientes (los números que anteceden a la fórmula), pero no los subíndices (los números que forman parte de la fórmula). Si se cambian los subíndices se cambia la identidad de la sustancia. Por ejemplo 2NO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; significa &quot;dos moléculas de dióxido de nitrógeno&quot;. Pero si se duplican los subíndices se tiene N&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, que es la fórmula del tetróxido de dinitrógeno, un compuesto totalmente diferente.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Primero se buscan los elementos que aparecen una sola vez en cada lado de la ecuación y con igual número de átomos: las fórmulas que contengan estos elementos deben tener el mismo coeficiente. Por lo tanto no es necesario ajustar los coeficientes de dichos elementos en este momento. A continuación se buscan los elementos que aparecen solo una vez en cada lado de la ecuación pero con diferente número de átomos. Se hace el balance de estos elementos. Por último, el de los elementos que aparecen en dos o más fórmulas del mismo lado de la ecuación.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Se verifica la ecuación obtenida para asegurarse de que hay el mismo número total de cada tipo de átomos en ambos lados de la ecuación. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Considere un ejemplo específico. En el laboratorio se pueden preparar pequeñas cantidades de oxígeno gaseoso calentando clorato de potasio (KClO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;). Los productos son oxígeno (O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) y cloruro de potasio (KCl), a partir de esta información se escribe:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
KClO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; KCl&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
(Para simplificar se omiten los estados físicos de reactivos y productos). Los tres elementos (K, Cl y O) aparecen una sola vez en cada lado de la ecuación pero unicamente K y Cl tienen igual número de átomos en ambos lados de la ecuación. Asi KClO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; y KCl deben tener el mismo coeficiente. El siguiente paso consiste en lograr que el número de átomos de O sean igual en ambos lados de la ecuación. Debido a que hay tres átomos de O del lado izquierdo y dos del lado derecho de la ecuación, estos átomos se igual colocando un 2 a la izquierda de KClO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; y un 3 a la izquierda de O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2KClO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; KCl&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 3O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Por último se igualan los átomos de K y Cl colocando un 2 a la izquierda de KCl:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2KClO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; 2KCl&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 3O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Como verificación final se puede hacer una hoja de balance para reactivos y productos en donde los números entre paréntesis indican el número de átomos de cada elemento.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reactivos&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Productos&lt;br /&gt;
K(2)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; K(2)&lt;br /&gt;
Cl (2)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Cl (2)&lt;br /&gt;
O (6)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; O (6)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Observer que el balance de esta ecuación también puede efectuarse con coeficientes que sean múltiplo de 2 (para KClO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), 2 (para KCl) y 3 (para O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;); por ejemplo:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
4KClO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; 4KCl&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; 6O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Sin embargo, para el balance de una ecuación se utiliza el conjunto de coeficientes de números enteros más sencillos.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/5425324511968293046/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/balance-de-ecuaciones-quimicas.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/5425324511968293046'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/5425324511968293046'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/balance-de-ecuaciones-quimicas.html' title='Balance de ecuaciones químicas'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-8572651087977730259</id><published>2014-08-13T14:00:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-13T14:00:00.067-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cadmio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="digitales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="espectrometria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="espectrometro"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="huellas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="impurezas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="joyeria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="masas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="material"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mineralizacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="naturaleza"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oro"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pepitas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="plomo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reactivo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="telurio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="zing"/><title type='text'>Las huellas digitales del oro por espectrometria de masas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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Año tras año son robados millones de dólares en oro. En la mayoría de los casos, el oro se funde y se envía al extranjero. De esta manera el oro mantiene su valor y desaparece toda manera de identificar su procedencia. Sin embargo, una técnica desarrollada por científicos australianos permitirá, en breve, que las autoridades identifiquen la procedencia del oro, incluso si se ha fundido y recuperado nuevamente la pieza, lo que permitirá atrapar a ladrones.&lt;/div&gt;
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El oro es un material muy poco reactivo que se encuentra en la naturaleza sin combinar. La poca reactividad que lo caracteriza es una de las propiedades que convierten al oro en el metal apropiado para la joyería. Durante la mineralización del oro, es decir, la formación de pepitas de oro a partir de minúsculas partículas del metal, se incorporan a las pepitas algunos elementos como cadmio, plomo, telurio y zinc. La cantidad y el tipo de impurezas o elementos traza en el oro varia según el lugar de donde se ha extraído.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ruraliberica.com/archivo/fotos/yhst-8927086896656_1963_14064901%20JAJA%20%20%20OROOOOOOOOOOOOO.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.ruraliberica.com/archivo/fotos/yhst-8927086896656_1963_14064901%20JAJA%20%20%20OROOOOOOOOOOOOO.jpg&quot; height=&quot;239&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Para analizar una muestra de oro, los científicos empiezan por calentar una pequeña partícula (de unos 0,01 cm de diámetro y espesor) de la muestra con un láser de alto poder. El oro y los elementos traza vaporizados se arrastran con una corriente de argón gaseoso hacia un espectrómetro de masas. La comparación del espectro de masas obtenido con los espectros de masas archivadas de muestras de oro de origen conocido, permitirá la identificación de la procedencia del oro, de la misma manera en que las huellas digitales identifican a una persona. Esta técnica puede utilizarse tanto en objetos grandes como en lingotes y pepitas, como en pequeños artículos de joyería. Esta técnica tambén permitirá detectar falsificaciones de obras de arte, ya que los espectros de masas del oro de las piesas antiguas son distintos de los espectros del oro modero.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/gold_01_20/g32_21605915.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/gold_01_20/g32_21605915.jpg&quot; height=&quot;286&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/8572651087977730259/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/las-huellas-digitales-del-oro-por.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8572651087977730259'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/8572651087977730259'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/las-huellas-digitales-del-oro-por.html' title='Las huellas digitales del oro por espectrometria de masas'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-3914551622825449586</id><published>2014-08-11T15:40:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-08-15T14:37:26.045-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="agua"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="aire"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="balanceada"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="bromuro"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuaiones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="estado"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="fisico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hidrogeno"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="interpretacion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="iones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="moleculas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oxigeno"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="plata"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="potasio"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="producto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reaccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reactivos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sustancias"/><title type='text'>Escritura de las ecuaciones químicas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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Considere lo que sucede cuando el hidrógeno gaseoso (H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) se quema en presencia de aire (que contiene oxigeno, O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) para formar agua (H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O). Esta reacción se representa mediante la ecuación química:&lt;/div&gt;
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H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; + O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt; H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Donde el signo &quot;más&quot; significa &quot;reacciona con&quot; y la flecha significa &quot;produce&quot;. Así, esta expresión simbólica se lee: &quot;El hidrógeno molecular reacciona con el oxígeno molecular para producir agua.&quot; Se supone que la reaccion procede de izquierda a derecha como indica la flecha.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Sin embargo la ecuación no está completa, ya que del lado izquierdo de la flecha hay el doble de átomos de oxígeno (dos) que los que hay del lado derecho (uno). Para estar de acuerdo con la ley de la conservación de la masa debe haber el mismo número de cada tipo de átomos en ambos lados de la flecha, es decir, debe haber tantos átomos al finalizarla reacción como los que había antes de que se iniciara. El balance de la ecuación se ahce colocando el coeficiente adecuado (en este caso 2) antes del H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; y del H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;2H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; + O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt; 2H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;Esta ecuación química &quot;balanceada&quot;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt; muestra que &quot;dos moléculas de hidrógeno se combinan o reaccionan con una molécula de oxígeno para formar dos moléculas de agua&quot;. Debido a que la reacción del número de moléculas es igual a la reacción del número de moles, la ecuación también puede leerse como &quot;2 moles de moléculas de hidrógeno reaccionan con 1 mol de moléculas de oxígeno para producir 2 moles de moléculas de agua&quot;. Se conoce la masa de un mol de cada sustancia, por lo que la ecuación se puede interpretar como &quot;4,04 g de H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; reacciona con 32,00 g de O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; para formar 36,04 g de H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3gUE4DcPobfe564dQKbe9kbnBlRBDNthrrVNhmtliKFKM2ak3wATBb1sIVxgbGOKuAq5C9E6Rim-wQ2pQ5db_RaB8WkRKXIlk5UgO0V-IzoHy05y2bjG9x8ckODc_QP8rBkvcej0_smh7/&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3gUE4DcPobfe564dQKbe9kbnBlRBDNthrrVNhmtliKFKM2ak3wATBb1sIVxgbGOKuAq5C9E6Rim-wQ2pQ5db_RaB8WkRKXIlk5UgO0V-IzoHy05y2bjG9x8ckODc_QP8rBkvcej0_smh7/&quot; height=&quot;222&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
En la ecuación se hace referencia al H&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; y al O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; como &lt;b&gt;reactivos&lt;/b&gt;, que son las &lt;i&gt;sustancias inciales en una reacción química&lt;/i&gt;. El agua es el &lt;b&gt;producto&lt;/b&gt;, es decir, la&lt;i&gt; sustancia formada como resultado de una reacción química&lt;/i&gt;. Una ecuación química es, entonces, la descripción breve que un químico hace de una reacción química. Por convenio, en una ecuación quimica los reactivos se escriben a la izquierda y los productos a la derecha de la flecha:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
reactivos --&amp;gt; productos&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Para proporcionar información adicional, con frecuencia los químicos indican el estado físico de los reactivos y productos utilizando las letras &lt;i&gt;g, l&lt;/i&gt; y &lt;i&gt;s&lt;/i&gt; para los estados gaseoso, líquido y sólido, respectivamente. Por ejemplo:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2CO(&lt;i&gt;g&lt;/i&gt;) + O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;i&gt;g&lt;/i&gt;)&amp;nbsp; -- &amp;gt; 2CO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;i&gt;g&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2HgO(&lt;i&gt;s&lt;/i&gt;)&amp;nbsp; --&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp; 2Hg(&lt;i&gt;l&lt;/i&gt;)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; O&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;i&gt;g&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
El conocimiento del estado físico de los reactivos y productos es muy útil en el laboratorio. Por ejemplo, cuando reaccionan el bromuro de potasio (KBr) y el nitrato de plata (AgNO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) en un medio acuoso, se forma un sólido, el bromuro de plata (AgBr). Esta reacción se representa mediante la ecuación:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
KBr(&lt;i&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;)&amp;nbsp; + AgNO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;i&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;) --&amp;gt; KNO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;i&gt;ac&lt;/i&gt;)&amp;nbsp; +&amp;nbsp; AgBr(&lt;i&gt;s&lt;/i&gt;)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Si no se indican los estados físicos de los reactivos y productos, una persona no informada podría intentar llevar a cabo esta reacción mezclando KBr sólido con AgNO&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; sólido. Estos sólidos reaccionan en forma muy lenta o no reaccionan.Si se analiza el proceso a nivel microscópico se puede comprender que para formar un producto como el bromuro de plata, los iones Ag&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; y los iones Br&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: xx-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; deben estar en contacto. Sin embargo, en estado sólido estos iones tienen muy poca movilidad.&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/3914551622825449586/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/escritura-de-las-ecuaciones-quimicas.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/3914551622825449586'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/3914551622825449586'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/08/escritura-de-las-ecuaciones-quimicas.html' title='Escritura de las ecuaciones químicas'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3gUE4DcPobfe564dQKbe9kbnBlRBDNthrrVNhmtliKFKM2ak3wATBb1sIVxgbGOKuAq5C9E6Rim-wQ2pQ5db_RaB8WkRKXIlk5UgO0V-IzoHy05y2bjG9x8ckODc_QP8rBkvcej0_smh7/s72-c" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4262321141877299918.post-935134761144399006</id><published>2014-03-30T13:29:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2014-03-30T13:29:53.496-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="atomos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ecuaciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ejemplos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="especialistas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="estandar"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="forma"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="materia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="moleculas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="proceso"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="quimicos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reaccion"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="reacciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="simbolos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sustancia"/><title type='text'>Reacciones químicas y ecuaciones químicas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Una ves que se ha estudiado la masa de los átomos y de las moléculas, se analizará que los sucede en una reacción química, un proceso en el que una sustancia (o sustancias) cambia para formar uno o más sustancias nuevas. Con el objeto de comunicarse entre si, con respecto a las reacciones químicas, los especialistas en la materia, han desarrollado una forma estándar para representarlas en medio de ecuaciones químicas. Una ecuación química utiliza simbolos químicos para mostrar que sucede durante una reacción química. &lt;/div&gt;
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Ejemplos de ecuaciones para reacciones químicas.&lt;br /&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/feeds/935134761144399006/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/03/reacciones-quimicas-y-ecuaciones.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/935134761144399006'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4262321141877299918/posts/default/935134761144399006'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://lqquimica.blogspot.com/2014/03/reacciones-quimicas-y-ecuaciones.html' title='Reacciones químicas y ecuaciones químicas'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>