<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415</id><updated>2024-10-07T01:49:40.309-03:00</updated><category term="Problemas"/><category term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><category term="Números Racionales"/><category term="Geometría"/><category term="Proporcionalidad y porcentaje"/><category term="Potencias y Raíces"/><category term="Ecuacion cuadratica"/><category term="Ecuación de la recta"/><category term="Problemas de planteo"/><category term="Triángulos"/><category term="Logaritmo"/><category term="Productos Notables"/><category term="noticias"/><category term="recursividad"/><category term="área y perímetro"/><title type='text'>Matemáticas PSU</title><subtitle type='html'>Ejercicios de matemáticas</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>43</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-4235543461870211224</id><published>2011-07-12T01:02:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-12T01:02:17.119-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Geometría"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="área y perímetro"/><title type='text'>Problema 36</title><content type='html'>Si el perímetro del rectángulo ABCD es $$8a+8b$$  y $$BC=2a+3b$$, entonces ¿Cuánto es DC?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-qvqhpAwyyH0/ThvQSbiwi4I/AAAAAAAACOo/OkKJwRKyWK4/s1600/figura+3.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
a) a+2b&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) 2a+b&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) 4a+6b&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) 4a+2b&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) 6a+5b&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
El perímetro de una figura es la suma de la medida de los lados. En la figura, el perímetro será:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ P = \overline{AB}+ \overline{BC}+ \overline{CD}+ \overline{DA} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Por ser la figura un rectángulo, se tiene que $$\overline{AB}= \overline {CD}$$ y  $$\overline{BC}+\overline{DA}$$. Entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ P = \overline{AB} + \overline{BC} + \overline{CD} + \overline{DA} = \overline{AB} + \overline{BC} + \overline{AB} + \overline{BC} = $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=2\overline{AB} + 2\overline{BC} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Como $$P=8a+8b$$  y $$BC=2a+3b$$ se sigue:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ 8a+8b = 2\overline{AB}+2(2a+3b)$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ 8a+8b = 2\overline{AB}+4a+6b$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ 8a+8b -4a-6b= 2\overline{AB}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ 2\overline{AB}= 4a+2b$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ 2\overline{AB}= 2(2a+b)$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ \overline{AB}= 2a+b$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$ \overline{AB}= \overline{CD} = 2a+b$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/4235543461870211224/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-36.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4235543461870211224'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4235543461870211224'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-36.html' title='Problema 36'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-qvqhpAwyyH0/ThvQSbiwi4I/AAAAAAAACOo/OkKJwRKyWK4/s72-c/figura+3.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-262482615028767575</id><published>2011-07-12T00:37:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-12T01:03:19.482-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><title type='text'>Problema 35</title><content type='html'>$$\left( 1-0,\bar 6 \right)^2=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$\frac{16}{81}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$0,\overline{04}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$0,\bar 1$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) $$0,\bar 2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) $$0, \bar 4$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Escribiendo el número decimal como fracción:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,\bar 6 = \frac{6-0}{9} = \frac{2}{3}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left( 1-\frac{2}{3} \right)^2=\left( \frac{3-2}{3} \right)^2 = $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left( \frac{1}{3} \right)^2 = \frac{1}{9} = 0,\bar 1$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/262482615028767575/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-35.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/262482615028767575'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/262482615028767575'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-35.html' title='Problema 35'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-2983436189187295063</id><published>2011-07-12T00:29:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-12T00:29:26.122-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="recursividad"/><title type='text'>Problema 34</title><content type='html'>Sea $$2^3-2 =1\cdot 2\cdot 3$$; $$3^3-3 =2\cdot 3\cdot 4$$; $$4^3-4 =3\cdot 4\cdot 5$$.&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces, $$20^3-20 =$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$20\cdot 21\cdot 22$$ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$19\cdot 20\cdot 21$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$18\cdot 19\cdot 20$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) $$21\cdot 22\cdot 23$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) $$22\cdot 23\cdot 24$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
La recursión se puede escribir como:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$R(n) = n^3-n =(n-1)\cdot n\cdot (n+1)$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Por lo tanto:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$R(20) = 20^3-20 =(20-1)\cdot 20\cdot (20+1) = 19\cdot 20\cdot 21$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/2983436189187295063/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-34.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/2983436189187295063'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/2983436189187295063'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-34.html' title='Problema 34'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-2739834086734300922</id><published>2011-07-12T00:10:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-12T00:10:48.921-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Potencias y Raíces"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 33</title><content type='html'>$$0,6\cdot 10^4+6\cdot 10^3+0,06\cdot 10^5 = $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$18\cdot 10^9$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$1,8\cdot 10^4$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$18\cdot 10^4 $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) $$6,066\cdot 10^7 $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) $$6,66\cdot 10^{12} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,6\cdot 10^4+6\cdot10^3+0,06\cdot 10^5 = $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=\frac{6}{10}\cdot 10\cdot 10^3+6\cdot10^3+\frac{6}{100}\cdot 10^2\cdot 10^3=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=6 \cdot 10^3+6\cdot10^3+\frac{6}{100}\cdot 100\cdot 10^3=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=6 \cdot 10^3+6\cdot10^3+6\cdot 10^3=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=18\cdot 10^3 = 18\cdot 10^{-1}\cdot 10^4 = $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=18\cdot \frac{1}{10}\cdot 10^4= \frac{18}{10}\cdot 10^4 = 1,8\cdot 10^4$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/2739834086734300922/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-33.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/2739834086734300922'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/2739834086734300922'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-33.html' title='Problema 33'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-4848151492460922953</id><published>2011-07-11T23:52:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-11T23:52:59.720-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Proporcionalidad y porcentaje"/><title type='text'>Problema 32</title><content type='html'>Si han trascurrido $$\frac{2}{5}$$ de los $$\frac{3}{4}$$ del dia, ¿Qué hora es?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) 7 hr 12 min&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) 7 hr 20 min&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) 7 hr 2 min&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) 7 hr&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) 7 hr 24 min&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Un día tiene 24 horas. Para calcular los tres cuartos de un día se tiene que multiplicar  $$\frac{3}{4}$$  por 24:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\frac{3}{4}\cdot 24 = 3\cdot 6 = 18$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ahora, han trascurrido dos quintos de 18 horas. Se multiplica $$\frac{2}{5}$$ por 18:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\frac{2}{5}\cdot 18 = \frac{36}{5} = 7,2 $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces, han transcurrido 7,2 horas. Es decir, 7 horas, y 0,2 partes de una hora. Si 1 hora es el 100%, entonces calculamos el porcentaje que le corresponde a 0,2:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\frac{1}{100}=\frac{0,2}{x}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$x = 0,2\cdot 100$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$x = 20$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Es decir, ha trascurrido un 20% de una hora. Si una hora son 60 minutos, entonces ¿a cuántos minutos le corresponden el 20% de una hora?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\frac{60}{100}=\frac{x}{20}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$60\cdot 20 = 100\cdot x$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$x= \frac{1200}{100} = 12$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Es decir, 0,2 partes de una hora corresponden a 12 minutos. Por lo tanto, han trascurrido 7 horas y 12 minutos del día.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/4848151492460922953/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-32.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4848151492460922953'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4848151492460922953'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-32.html' title='Problema 32'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-656002570792113022</id><published>2011-07-10T22:22:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T22:22:50.145-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Geometría"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Triángulos"/><title type='text'>Problema 31</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QZOlRN8SI38/ThpamHLB_fI/AAAAAAAACOk/HSeJ2CFlAu0/s1600/figura2.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QZOlRN8SI38/ThpamHLB_fI/AAAAAAAACOk/HSeJ2CFlAu0/s1600/figura2.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
En la figura, el cuadrado DEFG tiene igual área que el rectángulo ABCD de lados 2 cm y 8 cm ¿Cuál es la medida de GB?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) 12 cm&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) 10 cm&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) 8 cm&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) 6 cm&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) 5 cm&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
El área de un rectángulo es:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$A=l\cdot a$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
donde $$l$$ es su largo y $$a$$ es su ancho. En el rectángulo ABCD el largo vale 8cm y el ancho 2cm. Por lo tanto su área será:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$A=l\cdot a = 8 \cdot 2 = 16\ \text{cm}^2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
El área de un cuadrado es:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$A=x^2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
donde $$x$$ es su lado. El área del rectángulo ABCD es igual al área del cuadrado DEFG. Entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$A=x^2=16\ \text{cm}^2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$x=\sqrt{16\ \text{cm}^2}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$x=4\ \text{cm}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
EL lado AG = AD+DG, entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\text{AG} = 2+4 = 6 \ \text{cm}$$ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Se tiene un cuadrado rectángulo de catetos AG = 6cm y AB = 8cm, la hipotenuza es BG. Por el&lt;a href=&quot;http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2008/09/teorema-de-pitagoras.html&quot;&gt; Teorema de Pitágoras&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\text{BG}^2 = \text{AG}^2+\text{AB}^2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\text{BG}^2 = 6^2+8^2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\text{BG}^2 = 36+64$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\text{BG}^2 = 100$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\text{BG} = \sqrt {100}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\text{BG} = 10$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/656002570792113022/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-31.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/656002570792113022'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/656002570792113022'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-31.html' title='Problema 31'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QZOlRN8SI38/ThpamHLB_fI/AAAAAAAACOk/HSeJ2CFlAu0/s72-c/figura2.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-4978349340885260858</id><published>2011-07-10T21:57:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T21:57:33.184-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Geometría"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><title type='text'>Problema 30</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;En la figura, el perímetro del rectángulo ABCD es 22, y EBCF es un cuadrado de área 9. ¿Cuánto mide el área del rectángulo AEFD?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-h8FYegNzF0g/ThpTmkMx2hI/AAAAAAAACOg/VbHUXqyceV4/s1600/figura1.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-h8FYegNzF0g/ThpTmkMx2hI/AAAAAAAACOg/VbHUXqyceV4/s1600/figura1.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-h8FYegNzF0g/ThpTmkMx2hI/AAAAAAAACOg/VbHUXqyceV4/s1600/figura1.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;a) 10&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) 15&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) 18&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) 24&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) 36&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Si el lado de un cuadrado mide $$x$$, entonces el área del cuadrado mide $$A=x^2$$.&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces, digamos que el lado del cuadrado EBCF vale $$x$$. Entonces para ese cuadrado se tiene la relación:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$A=x^2=9$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$x=\sqrt9$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$x=3$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
y por lo tanto, como el lado del cuadrado coincide con el ancho del rectángulo ABCD, entonces el ancho de tal rectángulo mide 3. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
El perímetro de un rectángulo es:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$P=2a+2l$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
donde $$a$$ corresponde al ancho del rectángulo y $$l$$ al largo del rectángulo. Se sabe que el perímetro del rectángulo ABCD es 22, y como su ancho es 3, se sigue por la ecuación de su perímetro:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$P=2\cdot 3+2 l = 22$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$6+2l=22$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$2l=22-6$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$2l=16$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$l=\frac{16}{2}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$l=8$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
El segmento AE = AB-EB, entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$AE= 8-3 = 5$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
El área de un rectángulo es:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$A = a\cdot l$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
donde $$a$$ es el ancho y $$l$$ el largo. Así, el área del rectángulo AEFD es:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$A =  a\cdot l = 3\cdot 5 = 15$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/4978349340885260858/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-30.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4978349340885260858'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4978349340885260858'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-30.html' title='Problema 30'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-h8FYegNzF0g/ThpTmkMx2hI/AAAAAAAACOg/VbHUXqyceV4/s72-c/figura1.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-110251770521161189</id><published>2011-07-10T17:09:00.003-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T17:14:06.975-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 29</title><content type='html'>Si  $$a= 1+\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{2}}$$ ,  entonces $$a^{-1} =$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$\frac{5}{2}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$\frac{3}{5}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) $$-\frac{5}{3}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) $$\frac{5}{3}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$a= 1+\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{2}}=1+\frac{1}{\frac{2+1}{2}}=1+\frac{1}{\frac{3}{2}}=1+1:\frac{3}{2} = 1+1\cdot \frac{2}{3} =$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=1+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{3+2}{3}=\frac{5}{3}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Por lo tanto &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$a=\frac{5}{3}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ahora, por las &lt;a href=&quot;http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/propiedades-de-las-potencias.html&quot;&gt;propiedades de potencias&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$a^{1} = \frac{1}{a^{-1}} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$a^{-1}=\left(\frac{5}{3}\right)^{-1}=\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^{1}=\frac{3}{5}$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/110251770521161189/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-29.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/110251770521161189'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/110251770521161189'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-29.html' title='Problema 29'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-8613245056120949439</id><published>2011-07-10T17:00:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T17:00:23.105-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 28</title><content type='html'>$$\frac{16\cdot 10^{-3}}{0,16}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$10^{-5}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$10^{-4}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) 0,001&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) $$10^{-1}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) 0,0016&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Escribimos los números decimales como fracción:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,16 = \frac{16}{100}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conviene no simplificar la expresión. Ahora, como $$10^2=100$$ entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\frac{16}{100}=\frac{16}{10^2}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Se sigue entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\frac{16\cdot 10^{-3}}{0,16} = \frac{16 \cdot 10^{-3}}{\frac{16}{10^2}}=16 \cdot 10^{-3} : \frac{16}{10^2}=16 \cdot 10^{-3} \cdot \frac{10^2}{16} = $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$10^{-3+2}=10^{-1}$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/8613245056120949439/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-28.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8613245056120949439'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8613245056120949439'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-28.html' title='Problema 28'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-526975803700005706</id><published>2011-07-10T16:43:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T16:44:10.819-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 27</title><content type='html'>$$\frac{0,2+4}{1-0,4}=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) 0,2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) 0,7&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) 7&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) 20&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Escribiendo los números decimales como fracciones:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,2 = \frac{2}{10} = \frac{1}{5}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,4 = \frac{4}{10} = \frac{2}{5}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\frac{0,2+4}{1-0,4}=\frac{\frac{1}{5}+4}{1-\frac{2}{5}} = \frac{\frac{1+20}{5}}{\frac{5-2}{5}}=\frac{\frac{21}{5}}{\frac{3}{5}} = \frac{21}{5}:\frac{3}{5}=\frac{21}{5}\cdot \frac{5}{3}= 7$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/526975803700005706/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-27.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/526975803700005706'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/526975803700005706'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-27.html' title='Problema 27'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-6973554601927305229</id><published>2011-07-10T00:54:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T00:54:49.139-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Potencias y Raíces"/><title type='text'>Propiedades de las potencias</title><content type='html'>A continuación se expone una lista con las propiedades de las potencias. No olvidar que las ecuaciones se miran tanto de izquierda a derecha como de derecha a izquierda.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PROPIEDAD 1&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cualquier número elevado a cero es 1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$a^0 = 1$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;Ejemplos:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$3^0 = 1$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$(1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9)^0 = 1$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$\left( \int e^xdx \right)^0 =1$$ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PROPIEDAD 2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Si dos números con igual base y distinto exponente se &lt;b&gt;multiplican&lt;/b&gt; (no vale para la suma) entonces se mantiene la base y se &lt;b&gt;suman&lt;/b&gt; los exponentes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$a^x\cdot a^y = a^{x+y}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ejemplos:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$2^4\cdot 2^3 = 2^{4+3} = 2^7$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$5^3 \cdot 5^{-4} = 5^{3+-4} = 5^{-1}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$ 3^{1998}\cdot 3^{2000} = 3^{1998+200} = 3^{3998}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PROPIEDAD 3&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Si dos números con igual base y distinto exponente se &lt;b&gt;dividen&lt;/b&gt; entonces se mantiene la base y se &lt;b&gt;restan&lt;/b&gt; los exponentes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\frac{a^x}{a^y} = a^{x-y}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ejemplos:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$\frac{2^4}{2^3} = 2^{4-3} = 2^1=2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$\frac{5^3}{5^{-4}} = 5^{3--4} = 5^{3+4}= 5^7$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$\frac{ 3^{1998}}{ 3^{2000}} = 3^{1998-200} = 3^{-2}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PROPIEDAD 4&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Un conjunto de números multiplicados entre sí elevados a una potencia es igual a cada número elevado a la potencia multiplicándose entre si:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left(a\cdot b \cdot c) ^{x} = a^{x}\cdot b^{x}\cdot c^{x} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ejemplos:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$\left(4 \cdot 3\right)^2 = 4^2\cdot 3^2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$\left(1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot5\right)^5 =1^5\cdot2^5\cdot 3^5\cdot 4^5 \cdot 5^5 $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$\left(5xy \sqrt 3\right)^{2} = 5^2x^2y^2\left(\sqrt 3\right)^2= 25x^2y^2\cdot3 =75x^2y^2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PROPIEDAD 5&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Un número elevado a un número negativo es igual al inverso multiplicativo del número elevado al mismo número pero positivo.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$a^{-x} = \left(\frac{1}{a} \right)^{x} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
o también&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left( \frac{a}{b}\right) ^{-x} = \left(\frac{b}{a} \right)^{x} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ejemplos:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^{-2} = \left(\frac{4}{1}\right)^2 = 4^2=16$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$7^{-5} = \left( \frac{1}{7}\right)^{5} = \frac{1}{7^5}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$\left(\frac{7}{4}\right)^{-3} = \left(\frac{7}{4}\right)^3$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PROPIEDAD 6&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Un número elevado a una potencia y elevado a otra potencia es igual al número elevado a la multiplicación de las potencias:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left(a^{x}\right)^{y} = a^{x\cdot y} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ejemplos:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) $$\left(3^{2}\right)^{3} = 3^{2\cdot 3} = 3^6 $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) $$\left(x^{250}\right)^{2} = x^{250\cdot 2} = x^{500} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$\left( \left( 80^{3}  \right)^4 \right)^5 = 80^{3\cdot 4\cdot 5} = 80^{60}$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/6973554601927305229/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/propiedades-de-las-potencias.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/6973554601927305229'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/6973554601927305229'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/propiedades-de-las-potencias.html' title='Propiedades de las potencias'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-7291381499250349245</id><published>2011-07-10T00:09:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T00:10:32.307-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 26</title><content type='html'>$$\left( \frac{0,036}{0,2} \right)^2\cdot \left(\frac{0,0036}{0,04}\right)^{-2}=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) 2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) 4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) $$2\cdot 10^{-10}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) $$4\cdot 10^{-20}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) $$4\cdot 10^{-10}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
SOLUCIÓN:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Trasformando los decimales a fracción:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,036=\frac{36}{1000} = \frac{9}{250}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,2=\frac{2}{10} = \frac{1}{5}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,0036=\frac{36}{10000} = \frac{9}{2500}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,04=\frac{4}{100} = \frac{1}{25}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left( \frac{0,036}{0,2} \right)^2\cdot \left(\frac{0,0036}{0,04}\right)^{-2}=\left( \frac{\frac{9}{250}}{\frac{1}{5}} \right)^2\cdot \left(\frac{\frac{9}{2500}}{\frac{1}{25}}\right)^{-2}=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=\left( \frac{9}{250}:\frac{1}{5} \right)^2\cdot \left(\frac{9}{2500}: \frac{1}{25}\right)^{-2}=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=\left( \frac{9}{250}\cdot \frac{5}{1} \right)^2\cdot \left(\frac{9}{2500}\cdot \frac{25}{1}\right)^{-2}= \left( \frac{9}{50} \right)^2\cdot \left(\frac{9}{100}\right)^{-2} $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recordando la propiedad de las potencias:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left( \frac{a}{b}\right)^{-c} = \left( \frac{b}{a}\right)^{c}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
y la propiedad de las potencias:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left( a^c\cdot b^c \right) = \left( a\cdot b \right)^c$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
entonces se sigue:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left( \frac{9}{50} \right)^2\cdot \left(\frac{9}{100}\right)^{-2}= \left( \frac{9}{50} \right)^2\cdot \left(\frac{100}{9}\right)^2 = \left( \frac{9}{50} \cdot \frac{100}{9}\right)^2= $$ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$\left( 2 \right)^2 = 4 $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recordando la proi</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/7291381499250349245/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-26.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/7291381499250349245'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/7291381499250349245'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-26.html' title='Problema 26'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-8351895125669207739</id><published>2011-07-09T23:35:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-10T16:44:10.820-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 25</title><content type='html'>$$1,8\cdot \frac{1,\bar 9 \cdot 0,\bar 9}{0,0\bar 9}=$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a) 18&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b) 36&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
c) 0,36&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d) $$\left( \frac{18}{10} \right)$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
e) 1,8&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;SOLUCIÓN:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Trasformamos los decimales a fracción:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$1,8=\frac{18}{10}=\frac{9}{5}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$1,\bar 9 = \frac{19-1}{9}=\frac{18}{9}=2$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,\bar 9 = \frac{9-0}{9}=1$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$0,0\bar 9 = \frac{9-0}{90}=\frac{1}{10}$$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Entonces, se sigue:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$1,8\cdot \frac{1,\bar 9 \cdot 0,\bar 9}{0,00\bar 9}=\frac{9}{5}\cdot \frac{2\cdot1}{\frac{1}{10}}=\frac{9}{5}\cdot \left( 2 : \frac{1}{10} \right) = \frac{9}{5}\cdot \left( 2 \cdot 10 \right) = $$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
$$=\frac{9}{5} \cdot 20 = 9\cdot 4 = 36$$</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/8351895125669207739/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-25.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8351895125669207739'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8351895125669207739'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/problema-25.html' title='Problema 25'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-8920311223580139331</id><published>2011-07-09T23:15:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2011-07-09T23:15:59.483-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="noticias"/><title type='text'>Retomando el blog</title><content type='html'>Estoy retomando las andanzas del blog. La verdad abri este portal para que la gente aprendiera matemáticas, no se estresara tanto para la PSU y además pa ganar un poco de plata con los anuncios. Bueno, seguiré, si necesitan responder algún ejercicio en particular, maándenlo y lo resuelvo.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/8920311223580139331/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/retomando-el-blog.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8920311223580139331'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8920311223580139331'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2011/07/retomando-el-blog.html' title='Retomando el blog'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-4095420267307699388</id><published>2010-07-21T13:48:00.005-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-21T14:45:23.833-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Ecuacion cuadratica"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 24</title><content type='html'>¿Cuál(es) de las afirmaciones es (son) verdadera(s) respecto de las soluciones de la ecuación &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x%5E2+15x+50=0&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; ?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I) Son iguales.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;II) Tienen igual signo.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;III) Una es el doble de la otra.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) Sólo I&lt;br /&gt;b) Sólo III&lt;br /&gt;c) Sólo I y II&lt;br /&gt;d) Sólo II y III&lt;br /&gt;e) Ninguna de ellas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Desarrollando la ecuación:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x%5E2+15x+50=0&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Recordando el binomio con un  término común:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cleft%28x+a%5Cright%29%5Cleft%28x+b%5Cright%29=x%5E2+%28a+b%29x+ab%5C,,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;en nuestra ecuación notamos que &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?a=5&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; y &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?b=10&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;. En efecto:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cleft%28x+5%5Cright%29%5Cleft%28x+10%5Cright%29=x%5E2+%285+10%29x+5%5Ccdot10=&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?=x%5E2+15x+50&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Entonces, resolviendo la ecuación:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x%5E2+15x+50=0%20%5C%20%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20%5Cleft%28x+5%5Cright%29%5Cleft%28x+10%5Cright%29%20=0&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20x+5=0%20%5C%20%5Cwedge%20%5C%20x+10=0&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20x=-5%20%5C%20%5Cwedge%20%5C%20x=-10&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Por lo tanto, las soluciones de la ecuación son &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x_1=-5&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; y &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x_2=-10&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; .&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Las raíces no son iguales, por lo tanto, I es falsa.&lt;br /&gt;Las raíces tienen igual signo, por lo tanto, II es verdadera.&lt;br /&gt;Note que &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x_2=2x_1&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;, por lo tanto, una es el doble de la otra, y por lo tanto III es verdadera.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La solución corresponde a la alternativa d).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/4095420267307699388/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-24.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4095420267307699388'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4095420267307699388'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-24.html' title='Problema 24'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-5488387510624046484</id><published>2010-07-20T03:50:00.003-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-21T13:46:37.248-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Geometría"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><title type='text'>Problema 23</title><content type='html'>Con un cordel de largo &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?d&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; se forma un cuadrado, ¿cuánto mide el área del cuadrado?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?d%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;b) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bd%5E2%7D%7B2%7D&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;c) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bd%5E2%7D%7B4%7D&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;d) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bd%5E2%7D%7B8%7D&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;e) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bd%5E2%7D%7B16%7D&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Un cuadrado tiene 4 lados, por lo tanto, el cortel de largo &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?d&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; se debe cortar en cuatro partes. Entonces, cada lado del cuadrado medirá &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bd%7D%7B4%7D&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; .&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Un esquema que ayuda a comprender el problema se muestra a continuación:&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;cursor: pointer; width: 220px; height: 168px;&quot; src=&quot;http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_MTtcXwVMT8c/TEVSR_Xw_cI/AAAAAAAACLo/B6AncEG2f9g/s400/img4.GIF&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5495889389297925570&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En efecto:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bd%7D%7B4%7D+%5Cfrac%7Bd%7D%7B4%7D+%5Cfrac%7Bd%7D%7B4%7D+%5Cfrac%7Bd%7D%7B4%7D=d%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;El área de un cuadrado es su lado al cuadrado. El área de este cuadrado en particular será:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?A=%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7Bd%7D%7B4%7D%5Cright%29%5E2=%5Cfrac%7Bd%5E2%7D%7B4%5E2%7D=%5Cfrac%7Bd%5E2%7D%7B16%7D%5C,.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La solución es la aternativa e).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_MTtcXwVMT8c/TEVRskuIwiI/AAAAAAAACLQ/EeiZeS0Km5U/s1600/img4.GIF&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/5488387510624046484/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-23.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/5488387510624046484'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/5488387510624046484'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-23.html' title='Problema 23'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_MTtcXwVMT8c/TEVSR_Xw_cI/AAAAAAAACLo/B6AncEG2f9g/s72-c/img4.GIF" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-8513732562902103562</id><published>2010-07-20T03:25:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-20T03:46:39.901-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Ecuación de la recta"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><title type='text'>Problema 22</title><content type='html'>En la figura, ¿Cuál(es) de las siguientes aseveraciones es (son) verdadera (s)?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; cursor: pointer; width: 276px; height: 259px;&quot; src=&quot;http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_MTtcXwVMT8c/TEVMUpEiImI/AAAAAAAACLA/vu8Teb3ycE8/s400/img3.GIF&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5495882837781520994&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I) La pendiente de la recta es igual a 5.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;II) El punto (1,15) pertenece a la recta.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;II) La ecuación de la recta es &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?y=5x-10&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) Sólo I&lt;br /&gt;b) Solo II&lt;br /&gt;c) Sólo II&lt;br /&gt;d) Sólo I y I&lt;br /&gt;e) Sólo I y II&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Basta conocer dos puntos que pasen por la recta para encontrar su ecuación.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sean &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?A=%28x_1,y_1%29&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; y &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?B=%28x_2,y_2%29&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; dos puntos que pasan por una recta &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?L&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;. Entonces su ecuación se encuentra a través de la expresión:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?y-y_1=m%28x-x_1%29%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;donde&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?m=%5Cfrac%7By_2-y_1%7D%7Bx_2-x_1%7D%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En el ejercicio, escogiendo &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?A=%28-2,0%29&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; y &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?B=%280,10%29&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; se sigue:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?m=%5Cfrac%7B10-0%7D%7B0--2%7D=%5Cfrac%7B10%7D%7B2%7D=5%5C,,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;entonces&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?y-0=5%28x--2%29%20%5C%20%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20y=5%28x+2%29%20%5C%20%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20y=5x+10%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La pendiente de la recta es 5, por lo tanto, el ítem I es verdadero.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Reemplazamos la coordenada &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; del punto (1,15) en la ecuación de la recta obtenida:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?y=5%5Ccdot1+10=5+10=15%5C,,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;lo cual nos arroja su coordenada &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?y&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;, y por lo tanto, el punto pertenece a la recta, y entonces el ítem II es verdadero.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La ecuación de la recta &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?y=5x-10%20%5C%20%5Cneq%20%5C%20%20y=5x+10%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;y por lo tanto, el ítem II es falso.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I y II son verdaderas, la alternativa correcta es la e).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/8513732562902103562/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-22.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8513732562902103562'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8513732562902103562'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-22.html' title='Problema 22'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_MTtcXwVMT8c/TEVMUpEiImI/AAAAAAAACLA/vu8Teb3ycE8/s72-c/img3.GIF" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-8981740029728949199</id><published>2010-07-20T03:06:00.007-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-20T03:25:16.112-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas de planteo"/><title type='text'>Problema 21</title><content type='html'>El número de microbios que hay en una herida infectada se triplica casa 15 minutos. Si al producirse la herida había 100 microbios, ¿Cuántos habrá al cabo de una hora?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) 1.200&lt;br /&gt;b) 5.400&lt;br /&gt;c) 8.100&lt;br /&gt;d) 12.100&lt;br /&gt;e) 18.000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sea &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?t&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; la variable que mide el tiempo, donde 1 unidad corresponde a 15 minutos. Es decir &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?t=1&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; quiere decir &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?15&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; minutos, &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?t=2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; quiere decir &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2%5Ccdot%2015=30&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; minutos, &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?t=3&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; es &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?3%5Ccdot15=45&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; minutos y etc.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Los microbios se triplican cada una unidad de tiempo (15 minutos).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Un esquema que ayuda a comprender la evolción de la multiplicación de los microbios es el siguiente:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_MTtcXwVMT8c/TEVJVGx48bI/AAAAAAAACK4/lMcy6rpFdu4/s1600/img2.JPG&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;cursor: pointer; width: 258px; height: 259px;&quot; src=&quot;http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_MTtcXwVMT8c/TEVJVGx48bI/AAAAAAAACK4/lMcy6rpFdu4/s400/img2.JPG&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5495879547221504434&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Note que inicialmente hay 1 microbio, luego 3, luego 9, luego 27 y etc. Así, una ecuación que cuenta la cantidad de microbios por unidad de medida sería la siguiente:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?M%28t%29=3%5Et%20%5Ccdot%20M_0&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;donde &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?M_0=100&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; es la cantidad inicial de microbios. Note que para &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?t=0&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;, la ecuación cumple con la condición inicial de microbios:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?M%28t=0%29=3%5E0%5Ccdot%20M_0=1%5Ccdot%20M_0=M_0&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Al cabo de una hora, habrán trascurrido &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?t=4&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; unidades de tiempo. Entonces el número de bacterias será:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?M%28t=4%29=3%5E4%5Ccdot%20M_0=81%5Ccdot%20M_0=81%5Ccdot%20100=8100&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La solución corresponde a la alternativa c).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/8981740029728949199/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-21.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8981740029728949199'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/8981740029728949199'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-21.html' title='Problema 21'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_MTtcXwVMT8c/TEVJVGx48bI/AAAAAAAACK4/lMcy6rpFdu4/s72-c/img2.JPG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-745003586282240539</id><published>2010-07-19T13:55:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-19T14:04:07.935-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Potencias y Raíces"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><title type='text'>Problema 20</title><content type='html'>Si &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?16%5Ccdot4=2%5Ex&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; , entonces &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x=&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; :&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) 2&lt;br /&gt;b) 3&lt;br /&gt;c) 4&lt;br /&gt;d) 5&lt;br /&gt;e) 6&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Veamos que:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?4=2%5E2%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?16=4%5E2=%282%5E2%29%5E2=2%5E4%5C,.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Entonces:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?16%5Ccdot4=2%5Ex%5C%20%5CRightarrow%5C%202%5E4%5Ccdot2%5E2=2%5Ex%5C,.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La propiedad de las potencias:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x%5Em%5Ccdot%20x%5En=x%5E%7Bm+n%7D%5C,,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;nos ayuda para continuar.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2%5E4%5Ccdot2%5E2=2%5Ex%5C%20%5CRightarrow%5C%202%5E%7B4+2%7D=2%5Ex%5C%20%5CRightarrow%5C%202%5E6=2%5Ex%5C,.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%5C%206=x%5C,.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La solución corresponde a la alternativa e).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/745003586282240539/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-20.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/745003586282240539'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/745003586282240539'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-20.html' title='Problema 20'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-3521298825614564637</id><published>2010-07-19T03:20:00.005-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-19T13:50:41.146-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Proporcionalidad y porcentaje"/><title type='text'>Problema 19</title><content type='html'>Las edades de tres personas están en la razón &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?3:4:5&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;. Si la suma de las tres edades es 180 años, ¿Qué edad tiene el mayor?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) 15 años&lt;br /&gt;b) 45 años&lt;br /&gt;c) 60 años&lt;br /&gt;d) 75 años&lt;br /&gt;e) 85 años&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sea &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?k&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; la constante de proporcionalidad. Entonces se cumple que:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?3k+4k+5k=180%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%2012k=180%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%20k=%5Cfrac%7B180%7D%7B12%7D%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%20k=15%20%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Entonces, la edad de los hermanos será:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La edad de primer hermano es &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?3k=3%5Ccdot15=45&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; ,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;la edad del segundo hermano es &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?4k=4%5Ccdot%2015=60%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;y la edad del tercer hermano es &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?5k=5%5Ccdot%2015=75%20%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La edad del hermano mayor es &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?75&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; años.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La solución corresponde a la alternativa d).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/3521298825614564637/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-19.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/3521298825614564637'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/3521298825614564637'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-19.html' title='Problema 19'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-4853964712051827195</id><published>2010-07-19T03:01:00.003-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-19T03:17:29.556-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 18</title><content type='html'>&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7B0,2%5Ccdot%200,3-1%7D%7B0,2%7D=?&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) -4,7&lt;br /&gt;b) -0,2&lt;br /&gt;c) -0,47&lt;br /&gt;d) -0,7&lt;br /&gt;e) 4,7&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;En mi opinión es más sencillo operar trasformando todo a fracciones. Puesto que:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?0,2=%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B10%7D%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?0,3=%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B10%7D%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;entonces:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7B0,2%5Ccdot%200,3-1%7D%7B0,2%7D=%5Cfrac%7B%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B10%7D%5Ccdot%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B10%7D-1%7D%7B%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B10%7D%7D=%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?=%5Cfrac%7B%5Cfrac%7B6%7D%7B100%7D-1%7D%7B%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B10%7D%7D=%5Cfrac%7B%5Cfrac%7B6%7D%7B100%7D-%5Cfrac%7B100%7D%7B100%7D%7D%7B%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B10%7D%7D%0A%20=%5Cfrac%7B%5Cfrac%7B-94%7D%7B100%7D%7D%7B%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B10%7D%7D=%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?=%5Cfrac%7B-94%7D%7B100%7D%20:%20%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B10%7D=%5Cfrac%7B-94%7D%7B100%7D%20%5Ccdot%20%5Cfrac%7B10%7D%7B2%7D=-%5Cfrac%7B47%7D%7B10%7D=-4,7&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La respuesta es la alternativa a).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/4853964712051827195/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-18.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4853964712051827195'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/4853964712051827195'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-18.html' title='Problema 18'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-7601684388070472526</id><published>2010-07-19T02:26:00.003-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-19T03:01:11.261-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 17</title><content type='html'>Si &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?a&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; cumple con que &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2%5Ccdot3%5Ccdot%28a-4%29=12&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; , entonces &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2a+4=?&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) -2&lt;br /&gt;b) 0&lt;br /&gt;c) 6&lt;br /&gt;d) 16&lt;br /&gt;e) 20&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Se puede llegar a la expresión pedida encontrando el valor de &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?a&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;, o bien, desarrollando la ecuación hasta reproducir la expresión pedida.&lt;br /&gt;A través de la segunda formulación:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2%5Ccdot3%5Ccdot%28a-4%29=12%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?6%5Ccdot%28a-4%29=12%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?6a-24=12%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?6a-24=12%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20/%5C%20:3%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7B6a%7D%7B3%7D-%5Cfrac%7B24%7D%7B3%7D=%5Cfrac%7B12%7D%7B3%7D%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2a-8=4%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2a-8=4%20%5C%20%5C%20%5C%20/%20%5C%20+12%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2a-8+12=4+12%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2a+4=16%20%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La solución es la alternativa d).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/7601684388070472526/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-17.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/7601684388070472526'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/7601684388070472526'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-17.html' title='Problema 17'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-6664657179103810269</id><published>2010-07-18T17:04:00.004-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-19T02:17:34.857-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Proporcionalidad y porcentaje"/><title type='text'>Problema 16</title><content type='html'>Un curso universitario tiene 50 alumnos y al comenzar se retiran 2, ¿Qué porcentaje del curso continúa en él?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) 90%&lt;br /&gt;b) 92%&lt;br /&gt;c) 94%&lt;br /&gt;d) 95%&lt;br /&gt;e) 96%&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Solución:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Para resolver este problema se pueden utilizar las proporcionalidades. Llamemeos a &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?x&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; al porcentaje de alumnos que se retiran, entonces:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bx%7D%7B100%7D=%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B50%7D%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;es decir, el porcentaje de alumnos que se retira dividido el 100% está en proporción con el número real de alumnos que se retiran dividido con el total real. Se sigue en la ecuación:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bx%7D%7B100%7D=%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B50%7D%20%5CRightarrow%20x=100%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B50%7D%20%5CRightarrow%20x=2%5Ccdot2%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%20x=4%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Es decir, un 4% de los alumnos se retira del curso. El porcentaje restante de alumnos que se queda será:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?y=100%5C%-4%5C%=96%5C%%20%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La alternativa correcta es la e).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/6664657179103810269/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/un-curso-universitario-tiene-50-alumnos.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/6664657179103810269'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/6664657179103810269'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/un-curso-universitario-tiene-50-alumnos.html' title='Problema 16'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-1149728711677351764</id><published>2010-07-18T16:46:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-18T17:14:15.761-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Números Racionales"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Proporcionalidad y porcentaje"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Álgebra y ecuaciones"/><title type='text'>Problema 15</title><content type='html'>Si &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?a:b=4:3&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;, &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?b:c=2:5&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; y &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?c=15&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;, entonces, ¿cuál es el valor de &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?a&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) 4&lt;br /&gt;b) 6&lt;br /&gt;c) 8&lt;br /&gt;d) 10&lt;br /&gt;e) 12&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Solución:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La proporcionalidades se pueden reescribir de la forma:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Ba%7D%7Bb%7D=%5Cfrac%7B4%7D%7B3%7D%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bb%7D%7Bc%7D=%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B5%7D%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Convendría despejar en ambas la letra &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?b&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; por ser común en ambas:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Ba%7D%7Bb%7D=%5Cfrac%7B4%7D%7B3%7D%20%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20a=%5Cfrac%7B4b%7D%7B3%7D%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20%20%5Cfrac%7B3a%7D%7B4%7D=b%20%5C,,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5Cfrac%7Bb%7D%7Bc%7D=%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B5%7D%20%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20b=%5Cfrac%7B2c%7D%7B5%7D%20%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Igualando los resultados obtenidos:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?b=%20%5Cfrac%7B3a%7D%7B4%7D%20%5C%20%5Cwedge%20%5C%20b=%5Cfrac%7B2c%7D%7B5%7D%20%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20%5Cfrac%7B3a%7D%7B4%7D=%5Cfrac%7B2c%7D%7B5%7D%20%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%203a=4%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7B2c%7D%7B5%7D%5CRightarrow%20%20%5C%203a=%5Cfrac%7B8c%7D%7B5%7D%5C,%20,&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%20a=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B3%7D%5Ccdot%5Cfrac%7B8c%7D%7B5%7D%20%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20a=%5Cfrac%7B8c%7D%7B15%7D%20%5C,%20.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Como &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?c=15&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;, entonces se sigue:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?a=%5Cfrac%7B8c%7D%7B15%7D%20%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20a=%5Cfrac%7B8%5Ccdot15%7D%7B15%7D%5C,%20%0A.&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?%5CRightarrow%20%5C%20a=8&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La solución es la alternativa c).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/1149728711677351764/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-15.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/1149728711677351764'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/1149728711677351764'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-15.html' title='Problema 15'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4587882773928859415.post-6390656909780671308</id><published>2010-07-18T16:33:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2010-07-18T16:46:30.757-04:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Problemas de planteo"/><title type='text'>Problema 14</title><content type='html'>La expresión que corresponde al enunciado: &quot;al doble de &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?p&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; le faltan tres unidades para el doble del cuadrado de &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?q&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&quot;, se expresa mediante la ecuación:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;a) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p-3=2q%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;b) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?3-2p=2q%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;c) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p+3=2q%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;d) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p+3=%282q%29%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;e) &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p-3=%282q%29%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Solución:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Este es un ejercicio sencillo. Se trata de traducir lo que se nos dice en palabras. Vamos traduciendo:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Al doble de&lt;/span&gt; &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?p&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;se escriba sencillamente &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sigue:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;...le faltan tres unidades para el doble del cuadrado de&lt;/span&gt; &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?q&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;es decir, si le agrego (le sumo) a &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; tres unidades, entonces, encuentro un número:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p+3=?&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ese número es el doble del cuadrado de &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?q&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;, es decir, &lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2q%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Finalmente:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p+3=2q%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Si hubiera dicho &quot;el cuadrado del doble de q&quot;, entonces sería:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.codecogs.com/gif.latex?2p+3=%282q%29%5E2&quot; align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;lo cual no va al caso.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La solución es la alternativa c).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/feeds/6390656909780671308/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-14.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/6390656909780671308'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4587882773928859415/posts/default/6390656909780671308'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://matematicas-psu.blogspot.com/2010/07/problema-14.html' title='Problema 14'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/16468855899567174837</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>