mazazin

How to buy online!

2013-02-10T21:47:00.004+00:00

How to buy online

1) Select from the calendar your arrival date in Venice.

Here are the fares available on veniceconnected.com:

Reduced online fee*

Standard online fee*

Full price
It applies to the first 3 bookable days in the calendar.
Full price is the same as the onsite price, however it offers the advantage of priority access and other free services (admission to the Casino).
*on some services only.

How does //venice>connected calendar work?

On veniceconnected.com you can purchase your tickets or passes up to a minimum of 4 days before collecting and/or using the tickets: if for example you need a public transport ticket for the 12th of September, the system will let you book it within and not later than the 8th of September.
On the tourist seasonality calendar, that you find on //venice>connected, the first 3 days you can select – in the previous example the 12, 13 and 14 of September – are highlighted in red: on these days you cannot buy at the reduced fee, but at the full fee, because the booking is not made with the required advance, which does not allow the City of Venice to foresee the presence of tourists to guarantee the city suitable levels of habitability, sustainability and of ways of using the city.
By booking on a red fee day, you buy at the same price that is offered if you buy the ticket on the spot in Venice, but anyway you benefit from avoiding queues thanks to the privileged access priority lane and you can take advantage of other free services, such as the free admittance to the Venice Casino.
Remember that to be able to purchase reduced fee tickets online you must book the services at least 7 days before arriving in Venice, i.e. 7 days before the date when you will collect and/or use the tickets.

2) Choose product/services

Before you buy, please consider the followings:
1. You may get lower prices if you select other dates (check the calendar)
2. Read the description of each service you choose and its terms and condition of use to know exactly what you are buying.
3. You need to select the date you will access/start to use each service you add to your shopping cart.
Add the tickets of services you are interested in to your shopping cart one by one, by clicking on add to basket.
Please note that by choosing a date you will have the right to access/start to use the service in that date only.
4. Payments can be made by credit card only. (Visa, Visa Electron, Mastercard, Maestro)

How much do the tickets cost?

Check the fees for the days you have chosen for your stay in Venice accessing the electronic cart by clicking on the Buy now link and simulate the purchase. You can do it easily, by selecting on the calendar the first day you want to use the chosen service and adding the services you are interested in to your shopping cart one by one.

3) Insert your personal data

You are required to accept the terms of use of your personal data (Privacy regulations) and the terms and conditions under which //venice>connected offers users access to its services.

4) Proceed by providing your credit card details

Payments can only be done by credit card by means of a "Secure Socket Layer" encrypting the transaction between you and the online payment system.

5) Congratulation! This is your unique code (PNR) for accessing all the services.

Your voucher contains a unique code (PNR), a summary of your purchased services and their prices.
Remember to bring the voucher with you when you come to Venice and show it when asked.
The voucher is sent to the email address you provided during the purchase process.
You can always access your voucher online by following the link specified in the e-mail sent to you as confirmation.
For further information please read the Terms of use.

Borrowing money

2013-02-10T21:42:00.002+00:00

If you get a loan or buy something on credit you are using someone else's money and you have to pay a fee.

It's much cheaper to save up your own money to buy things, instead of going into debt. But if you do need to borrow, here is some information to help you understand and manage your loans and credit cards.

Different types of credit

You are borrowing money if you sign up for:

Book up
Credit cards
Store cards
Car loans, personal loans or home loans
Interest-free deals
Bank overdrafts
Payday loans or cash advances

Loans and interest rates

Video: The loan shark

Find out what happens to Aunty and the loan shark.
Available in English and Pitjantjatara language

This story was made by isee-ilearn.com ©. For more stories visitwww.italklibrary.com/

When you borrow money you have to pay interest – a 'fee' for the use of the money borrowed. It's usually a percentage of the amount of money you borrow.

Always check the rate of interest you will be charged. The higher the interest, the more money you will have to pay back. Also find out if the interest is charged monthly, quarterly or yearly because this can make a big difference to how much you owe.

Case study: Jess gets a better deal

Jess borrows $600 for a year, at an interest rate of 10%. The interest is charged at the end of the year. Dan borrows $600 for a year at an interest rate of 5%. The interest is charged per month. Dan thought he got a better deal but after a year, Jess only has to pay back $660 ($600 plus $60 in interest). On the other hand, Dan has to pay $1,078 ($600 plus $478 in interest).

Use our personal loan calculator to find out how much you will be charged when you borrow money.

Personal loan calculator

Payday loans

A payday loan is a short-term loan that you repay on the date of your next pay. These loans are very expensive. They charge high interest rates (sometimes 48%) and high fees.

Case study: Paul gets a payday loan

Paul needed to borrow $200 until his next pay. He got a payday loan and was charged $40 in fees. Paul couldn't pay the loan back when he got his pay and was charged 40% interest. A week later, when Paul got paid again, he had to pay back $320 – the loan and the interest. Paul should have tried to find other ways to borrow money rather than using a payday loan.

Back To Top Credit cards

Credit cards let you buy things now and pay for them later. They can be very expensive with high fees and charges.

Here are some tips on using your credit card:

Pay the full amount you owe every month. If you don't pay your credit card balance in full each month, it will take you a long time to pay off the total and you will pay a lot of extra interest.
Don't get cash out of your account using your credit card. You will have to pay more in fees. Even if you pay the full amount back within the month, you still have to pay extra for withdrawing the cash.
Use our credit card calculator. See how your debt can grow.
Read your credit card statements carefully. If you have been charged incorrectly contact your bank or credit union immediately. For more information see make a complaint.
Be careful with store cards. Before signing up to one of these credit cards, find out how much the fees and charges are. They can be much more expensive than other credit cards.

Credit card calculator

Case study: Gary paid off his credit card in 10 years

Gary signed up to a credit card offer he received in the mail. He went straight to the shops and bought a fridge for $1,000. A month later, Gary got the bill in the mail. The monthly minimum repayment was only $20, so that's all he paid. Gary was still paying for the fridge almost 10 years later. In that time, he had paid an extra $500 in interest.

For more information see credit cards.

Back To Top Interest-free deals

Big stores also sometimes offer interest-free deals for things like computers, electrical appliances and whitegoods. These deals might not be as cheap as they seem.

Tips for using interest-free deals:

Check the fees. Interest-free does not mean cost fee, you will still have to pay ongoing fees.
Pay off the deal before the interest-free period ends. If you don't you will be charged a very high amount of interest

Case study: Jenni buys a TV interest-free

Jenni bought a TV for $500, with a 12-month interest-free period. She was charged $20 a month in fees during the interest-free period. At the end of the interest-free period, Jenni had not paid off the TV and so she was charged 30% interest. In the end, the TV cost Jenni $900 (the actual cost, fees and interest).

For more information see interest-free deals.

It's cheaper to save your own money than to borrow. But if you do borrow check your budget to make sure you can afford the repayments. For more information listen to our audio segments on banks, loans and credit cards.

The 7 Dumbest Ways to Borrow Money

2013-02-10T21:37:00.002+00:00

Borrowing money is risky business. Sure, if you’re a combination of smart and lucky, the transaction may go smoothly and help you out of a bind. But seek help in the wrong place you could be living the ultimate financial nightmare: the never-ending loan.

Which lenders should be considered a last resort?

1. Payday loans

Payday loans are small short-term loans backed by your paycheck. Here’s how they work: You apply for a payday loan, listing your next two or three pay dates on the application. After getting approved, you write a postdated check for the loan amount plus interest and fees. On your next payday, the lender collects the balance due, or you can choose to “rollover” your loan until your next payday.

Payday loans appeal to people because they seem fast and easy. Most payday lenders don’t consider your credit history, so people with bad credit can still get approved as long as they have a source of income. And many lenders will give you the cash in just a few days, or hours in some cases.

But these loans come with a catch – high interest rates and fees. For example, Credit.com’s list of payday loan laws by state lists the maximum interest rate lenders can charge. Check out some of these terms:

Alabama – 17.5 percent
Colorado – 20 percent of the first $300, 7.5 percent for the remainder
Louisiana – 16.75 percent

These interest rates may not appear excessive – they seem similar to credit card rates. But credit cards quote the amount you’ll pay over a year, while payday lenders collect their interest in as little as a week. Annualize rates like those above and you’re paying triple-digit interest. Florida law, for example, allows only 10 percent interest, plus a $5 fee for loans from seven to 31 days. Do that for a year and you could be paying nearly 400 percent.

Therein lies the danger of the “rollover.” Many lenders allow customers to extend their loan to the next payday if they pay the fee plus any accrued interest. Since they’re not reducing principal, it’s easy to become trapped.

2. Pawnshops

Pawnshops lend you money by holding your stuff as collateral. But as far as rates go, they’re not much different from payday lenders. Loans are typically 30 to 90 days, and rates and storage fees can be 10 to 20 percent per month. If you can’t pay the loan when it’s due, the shop can sell your collateral, which is generally worth a lot more than the loan amount.

Despite the popularity of pawn-based reality shows, these places are no place to borrow money – or sell your stuff, for that matter. If you need to borrow money, there are much cheaper ways to do it. If you need to sell stuff, you’re better off cutting out the middleman and using a site like eBay or Craigslist.

For more, see Despite TV’s Obsession With Pawnshops, They’re Still Last Resort.

3. Cash advances from credit cards

While cash advances from credit cards beat payday loans and pawnshops, they’re no bargain.

You can borrow up to your credit limit and get the money instantly, either by swiping your credit card in an ATM and entering your PIN, or by using one of those blank cash advance checks the credit card company sends in the mail.

Banks can charge up to 25 percent annual interest on cash advances, along with fees from 3 to 5 percent of the amount borrowed. In addition, unlike regular credit card purchases, you won’t get a grace period. The interest clock starts ticking on day one.

4. Buy-here-pay-here car dealerships

Every day I pass a shady-looking car dealership in my neighborhood. Their sign screams “No one is refused!” Every day a salesman stands outside holding up a different ad, like “Bad credit approved” or “Get a car for no money down!” Last week, the sign read, “Trade your old gold for a car!” This is an example of a buy-here-pay-here car dealership. They’re everywhere – according to the Center for Responsible Lending, more than two million cars were sold this way in 2010.

These dealerships often begin the sales process by looking not at cars, but your income and credit. Only when they learn what you can afford are you shown cars. Sign on the dotted line and you could be paying average annual interest rates of 24 percent. As Stacy said in the video above, that’s three to four times the rate of typical used-car loans. And that’s not all: The Center for Responsible Lending says 30 percent of these cars are repossessed and resold, and according to CNNMoney, some of these dealers repossess cars when the borrower is one day late.

In short, many of these lots aren’t really in the business of selling cars – they’re in the business of collecting interest. Lots of it.

5. Title loans

Like pawnshop loans and payday loans, title loans are small, short-term loans. The difference is these are backed by your vehicle. Since you’re putting up collateral, most lenders won’t consider your credit history. It seems appealing until you realize you’re handing over the title to your car for a loan that comes with extremely high interest. For example, The Los Angeles Times reported one lender in California charges an annual interest rate of up to 125 percent.

6. Direct deposit advance

Believe it or not, many banks now offer what amounts to payday loans. Your bank advances you a portion of your paycheck (for a fee) and then withdraws the money automatically the next time you get paid.

Direct deposit advances are a quick way to get cash, but as with payday loans, they can cause major financial troubles. First, you’ll pay a fee. For example:

USBank – $2.00 for every $20.00 borrowed
Wells Fargo – $1.50 for every $20.00 borrowed
Regions – $1.00 for every $10.00 borrowed

According to the Center for Responsible Lending, the average bank direct deposit advance carries an annual interest rate of 365 percent. As with payday loans, those living paycheck to paycheck can easily run out of money before the next payday and be tempted to take out another advance, putting them in an endless debt cycle.

7. Friends and family

Borrowing money from someone you know is tempting. After all, most family members wouldn’t charge you interest or take your car if you don’t pay them back. The problem? You’re risking your relationship if the deal goes bad. As Addison H. Hallock once said, “Before borrowing money from a friend, decide which you need more.”

The bottom line? Borrow money from any of these lenders, and your small problem today might become a huge problem tomorrow. Instead, consider building up an emergency fund to handle unexpected events. For tips on how to get started, check out:

Want to Get Richer? Here’s Step 1
30 Tips to Spend Less and Save More
25 Simple Ways to Save an Extra $1,000

Spam Filter Review

2013-02-10T21:33:00.001+00:00

Spam Filter Review

What Does Spam Filter Software Do?

These days one cannot open their email without seeing countless spam messages in their inbox. For the email-recipient, spam is easily recognized. However, the receiver of spam loses countless hours manually deleting the intrusive messages from their inbox. Spam filter software can help mitigate this overwhelming chore. Spam filter software can reduce the amount of junk mail delivered to a user's inbox.
Shockingly, the content of spam email can range from the incomprehensible to the downright obscene. Spam is dangerous to both the computer and its users. Junk mail can contain viruses, keyloggers, phishing attacks and more. These types of malware can comprise a user's sensitive private data by capturing bank account information, usernames and passwords. Spam blocker applications can assist a user in preventing these types of PC contaminations.
Certainly, there are advantages to using a spam blocker. However, no spam filter software is 100% effective. Despite this limitation, spam filter software can assist parents in blocking email that contains pornography and other questionable content.
Clearly, a war is waging inside a user's inbox. The battle to stop spam is an ongoing ever-changing fight. Implementing spam filter software is a good first protective step. Spam filter software can help a user create a solid wall of defense that only lets wanted emails into their inbox.
In this site, you will find articles about spam filter software as well as side-by-side comparisons and objective reviews about the top spam filter software available. We will provide the information you need to make an informed decision about which spam filter software is the best for you. At TopTenREVIEWS We Do the Research So You Don't Have To.™

What to Look for in Spam Filter Software

The best spam filter software is easily customizable by computer users of all levels. The most important feature of any spam filter software is the ability to reliably prevent and block spam. The spam filter software you pick should support multiple email clients and webmail service providers. It is important to choose a spam filter software that meets your needs and fits into the services and applications you use.

Below are the criteria TopTenREVIEWS used to evaluate the best spam filter software:

Blocking/Filtering
Reliably blocking and filtering spam is the most valuable feature of any spam filter software. The spam filter software should come equipped with multiple capabilities that prevent junk mail from contaminating the user's inbox. The best spam filtering software has both black and white lists, sensitivity settings, community-based filtering, challenge and response techniques, and quarantine settings. Additional features to evaluate are blocking by IP address, server, email address, and country code.

Protection
Spam blocker apps should have the capability of protecting multiple user accounts with a single installation. Moreover, the spam blocker must protect the user from email that contains worms, viruses, Trojans, attachments with embedded keyloggers and other malware. Additionally, robust spam filter software can identify HTML email that contains phishing attacks designed to garner a user's sensitive personal information.

Rules
The spam filter software should give the user the ability to edit predefined rule settings as well as the creation of new rules. The best spam filter software can adapt to meet the needs of the user, not the other way around.

Compatibility
When selecting a spam blocker, one needs to evaluate if the spam filtering software they select is compatible with their current email client or webmail service provider. Common supported email clients include Thunderbird, Outlook, Outlook Express and other POP3/SMPT applications. The spam filtering software should also support several webmail service providers like Gmail, Yahoo, Hotmail and others.

It is unfortunate that spam and junk email is cluttering up everyone's email inbox. Spam filter software can assist a user in managing these unwanted solicitations. With a spam blocker in place, users can spend more time reading valid email instead of wasting time manually filtering unwanted email messages. In this spam filter software review our top three spam blockers are SPAMfighter Pro, Cloudmark DesktopOne Pro and MailWasher Pro 2010.

Other methods of quitting smoking

2013-02-10T21:19:00.000+00:00

Other methods of quitting

Other tools may help some people, but there’s no strong proof that they can improve your chances of quitting.

Methods without nicotine

Hypnosis

Hypnosis methods vary a great deal, which makes it hard to study as a way to stop smoking. For the most part, reviews that looked at controlled studies of hypnosis to help people quit smoking have not supported it as a quitting method that works. Still, some people find it useful. If you would like to try it, ask your doctor if he or she can recommend a good hypnotherapist.

Acupuncture

This method has been used to quit smoking, but there’s little evidence to show that it works. Acupuncture for smoking is usually done on certain parts of the ears. (See our document, Acupuncture for more on this.) For a list of doctors who do acupuncture, contact the American Academy of Medical Acupuncture at 323-937-5514 or visit their Web site at www.medicalacupuncture.org.

Low-level laser therapy

This technique, also called cold laser therapy, is related to acupuncture. Cold lasers are sometimes used instead of needles for acupuncture. The treatment is supposed to relax the smoker and release endorphins (pain relief substances that are made naturally by the body) to mimic the effects of nicotine in the brain, or balance the body’s energy to relieve the addiction. Despite claims of success by some cold laser therapy providers, there’s no scientific evidence that shows this helps people stop smoking. (See our document called Cold Laser Therapy for more.)

Filters

Filters that reduce tar and nicotine in cigarettes do not work. In fact, studies have shown that smokers who use filters tend to smoke more.

Smoking deterrents

Other methods have been used to help stop smoking, such as over-the-counter products that change the taste of tobacco, stop-smoking diets that curb nicotine cravings, and combinations of vitamins. At this time there’s little scientific evidence that any of these work.

Herbs and supplements

There’s little scientific evidence to support the use of homeopathic aids and herbal supplements as stop-smoking methods. Because they are marketed as dietary supplements (not drugs), they don’t need FDA approval to be sold. This means that the manufacturers don’t have to prove they work, or even that they’re safe.

Be sure to look closely at the label of any product that claims it can help you stop smoking. No dietary supplement has been proven to help people quit smoking. Most of these supplements are combinations of herbs, but not nicotine. They have no proven track record of helping people to stop smoking.

Other nicotine and tobacco products not reviewed or approved by the FDA

Tobacco lozenges and pouches

Lozenges that contain tobacco and small pouches of tobacco that you hold in your mouth are being sold as other ways for smokers to get nicotine in places where smoking is not allowed. The FDA has ruled that these are types of oral tobacco products much like snuff and chew, and are not smoking cessation aids. There’s no evidence that these products can help a person quit smoking. Unlike scientifically proven treatments with known effects, such as nicotine replacement products, anti-depressants, nicotine receptor blockers, or behavioral therapy, these tobacco products have never been tested to see if they can help people quit tobacco.

We know that oral tobacco products such as snuff and chewing tobacco contain human carcinogens. These products cause mouth cancer and gum disease. They also destroy the bone sockets around teeth and can cause teeth to fall out. There are studies showing potential harmful effects on the heart and circulation, as well as increased risks of other cancers. They also cause bad breath and stain the teeth. They are not safe alternatives to cigarettes, nor do they help people quit tobacco.

Electronic cigarettes

In 2004, a Chinese company started making a refillable “cigarette” with a battery and an electronic chip in it. It’s designed to look like a cigarette, right down to the glowing tip. When the smoker puffs on it, the system delivers a mist of liquid, flavorings, and nicotine that looks something like smoke. The smoker inhales it like cigarette smoke, and the nicotine is absorbed into the lungs.

The electronic cigarette, or e-cigarette, is sold with cartridges of nicotine and flavorings. Several brands and varieties of the e-cigarette are now sold in the United States. The e-cigarette is usually sold as a way for a smoker to get nicotine in places where smoking is not allowed, but some have sold it as a way to quit smoking. The cartridges are sold as having different doses of nicotine, from high doses to no nicotine at all.

The e-cigarette has no published clinical trials that suggest it might work as a way to help smokers quit. No clinical trials have been submitted to the FDA. As of late 2011, the courts determined that the FDA could regulate e-cigarettes like they do other tobacco products, under the Tobacco Control Act. But if e-cigarettes are marketed for therapeutic purposes (such as quitting smoking), they would be regulated as drugs and/or devices.

There are questions about how safe it is to inhale some substances in the e-cigarette vapor into the lungs. The ingredients in e-cigarettes are not labeled, so the user doesn’t know what’s in them. The amounts of nicotine and other substances a person gets from each cartridge are also unclear. The manufacturers say that the ingredients are safe, but it’s not clear if they are safe to inhale — many substances that are safe to eat can harm delicate tissues inside the lungs.

Information from the FDA suggests that e-cigarettes are not always safe. A 2009 analysis of 18 samples of cartridges from 2 leading e-cigarette brands found cancer-causing substances in half the samples. There were other impurities noted as well. For example, diethylene glycol, a toxic ingredient found in antifreeze, was found in one sample.

Information from the same testing suggests that there may be manufacturing problems with some brands of e-cigarettes. Nicotine levels from each puff varied a great deal, even between cartridges labeled as having the same nicotine amounts. Testing also found small amounts of nicotine in most of the cartridges labeled nicotine-free.

Like other forms of nicotine, the e-cigarettes and nicotine cartridges can be toxic to children or pets. They can also pose a choking hazard.

Electronic cigarettes are now being used differently from when they were first introduced. Some sellers offer liquids that can be added to e-cigarette systems as a way to take in drugs other than nicotine. For instance, they advertised Cialis^® (tadalafil) could be put into inhalation cartridges and “smoked.” Some companies have offered vitamins and an unapproved drug that is supposed to curb cravings and appetite. The FDA has warned at least one US company about this, but new sellers are cropping up in countries with less stringent drug laws.

Nicotine lollipops and lip balms

In the past, some pharmacies made a product called a nicotine lollipop. These lollipops often contained a product called nicotine salicylate, which is not approved by the FDA for pharmacy use. The FDA warned pharmacies to stop selling nicotine lollipops and lip balm on the Internet, calling the products “illegal.” The FDA also said “the candy-like products present a risk of accidental use by children.”

Other smoking cessation products like these that do not use nicotine salicylate may be legal if they are prescribed by a doctor. Because doses vary, you will need to talk with your doctor about how to use them. But they still pose a risk for children and pets if they are not well-labeled, carefully stored, and disposed of safely.

Health of others

2013-02-10T21:13:00.000+00:00

Health of others

Smoking not only harms your health but it hurts the health of those around you. Exposure to secondhand smoke (also called environmental tobacco smoke or passive smoking) includes exhaled smoke as well as smoke from burning cigarettes.

Studies have shown that secondhand smoke causes thousands of deaths each year from lung cancer in healthy non-smokers.

If a mother smokes, there is a higher risk of her baby developing asthma in childhood, especially if she smoked while she was pregnant. Women who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to have low-birth weight infants.

Babies and children raised in a household where there is smoking have more ear infections, colds, bronchitis, and problems with breathing than children in non-smoking families. Secondhand smoke is linked to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and slow lung growth in children. Secondhand smoke can also cause eye irritation, headaches, nausea, and dizziness.

Immediate rewards of quitting

2013-02-10T21:11:00.000+00:00

Immediate rewards of quitting

Kicking the tobacco habit offers some benefits that you’ll notice right away and some that will develop over time. These rewards improve most peoples’ day-to-day lives a great deal:

Breath smells better
Stained teeth get whiter
Bad smelling clothes and hair go away
Yellow fingers and fingernails disappear
Food tastes better
Sense of smell returns to normal
Everyday activities (such as climbing stairs or light housework) no longer leave them out of breath
You can be in smoke-free buildings without having to go outside to smoke.

When smokers quit — what are the benefits over time?

2013-02-10T21:09:00.002+00:00

When smokers quit — what are the benefits over time?

20 minutes after quitting

Your heart rate and blood pressure drop.

(Effect of smoking on arterial stiffness and pulse pressure amplification, Mahmud A, Feely J. Hypertension.2003:41:183)

12 hours after quitting

The carbon monoxide level in your blood drops to normal.

(US Surgeon General’s Report, 1988, p. 202)

2 weeks to 3 months after quitting

Your circulation improves and your lung function increases.

(US Surgeon General’s Report, 1990, pp.193, 194,196, 285, 323)

1 to 9 months after quitting

Coughing and shortness of breath decrease; cilia (tiny hair-like structures that move mucus out of the lungs) start to regain normal function in the lungs, increasing the ability to handle mucus, clean the lungs, and reduce the risk of infection.

(US Surgeon General’s Report, 1990, pp. 285-287, 304)

1 year after quitting

The excess risk of coronary heart disease is half that of a continuing smoker’s.

(US Surgeon General’s Report, 2010, p. 359)

5 years after quitting

Risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and bladder are cut in half. Cervical cancer risk falls to that of a non-smoker. Stroke risk can fall to that of a non-smoker after 2-5 years.

(A Report of the Surgeon General: How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease - The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease Fact Sheet, 2010; and Tobacco Control: Reversal of Risk After Quitting Smoking.IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention, Vol. 11. 2007, p 341)

10 years after quitting

The risk of dying from lung cancer is about half that of a person who is still smoking. The risk of cancer of the larynx (voice box) and pancreas decreases.

(A Report of the Surgeon General: How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease - The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease Fact Sheet, 2010; and US Surgeon General’s Report, 1990, pp. vi, 155, 165)

15 years after quitting

The risk of coronary heart disease is that of a non-smoker’s.

(Tobacco Control: Reversal of Risk After Quitting Smoking. IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention, Vol. 11. 2007. p 11)

These are just a few of the benefits of quitting smoking for good. Quitting smoking lowers the risk of diabetes, lets blood vessels work better, and helps the heart and lungs. Quitting while you are younger will reduce your health risks more, but quitting at any age can give back years of life that would be lost by continuing to smoke.

Why should I quit smoking?

2013-02-10T21:07:00.003+00:00

Why should I quit?

Your health

Health concerns usually top the list of reasons people give for quitting smoking. This is a very real concern: smoking harms nearly every organ of the body.

Half of all smokers who keep smoking will end up dying from a smoking-related illness. In the United States alone, smoking is responsible for nearly 1 in 5 deaths, and about 8.6 million people suffer from smoking-related lung and heart diseases.

Cancer

Nearly everyone knows that smoking can cause lung cancer, but few people realize it is also linked to a higher risk for many other kinds of cancer too, including cancer of the mouth, nose, sinuses, lip, voice box (larynx), throat (pharynx), esophagus, bladder, kidney, pancreas, ovary, cervix, stomach, colon, rectum, and acute myeloid leukemia.

Lung diseases

Smoking greatly increases your risk of getting long-term lung diseases like emphysema and chronic bronchitis. These diseases make it harder to breathe, and are grouped together under the name chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). COPD causes chronic illness and disability, and gets worse over time — sometimes becoming fatal. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis can be found in people as young as 40, but are usually found later in life, when the symptoms become much worse. Long-term smokers have the highest risk of developing severe COPD. Pneumonia is also included in the list of diseases caused or made worse by smoking.

Heart attacks, strokes, and blood vessel diseases

Smokers are twice as likely to die from heart attacks as non-smokers. Smoking is a major risk factor for peripheral vascular disease, a narrowing of the blood vessels that carry blood to the leg and arm muscles. Smoking also affects the walls of the vessels that carry blood to the brain (carotid arteries), which can cause strokes. Smoking can causeabdominal aortic aneurysm, in which the layered walls of the body’s main artery (the aorta) weaken and separate, often causing sudden death. And men who smoke are more likely to develop erectile dysfunction (impotence) because of blood vessel disease.

Blindness and other problems

Smoking increases the risk of macular degeneration, one of the most common causes of blindness in older people. It promotes cataracts, which cloud the lens of the eye. It also causes premature wrinkling of the skin, bad breath, gum disease, tooth loss, bad-smelling clothes and hair, and yellow teeth and fingernails.

Special risks to women and babies

Women have some unique risks linked to smoking. Women over 35 who smoke and use birth control pills have a higher risk of heart attack, stroke, and blood clots in the legs. Women who smoke are more likely to miscarry (lose the baby) or have a lower birth-weight baby. Low birth-weight babies are more likely to die or have learning and physical problems.

Years of life lost due to smoking

Based on data collected in the late 1990s, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that adult male smokers lost an average of 13.2 years of life and female smokers lost 14.5 years of life because of smoking.

Each year, smoking causes early deaths of about 443,000 people in the United States. And given the diseases that smoking can cause, it can steal your quality of life long before you die. Smoking-related illness can limit your activities by making it harder to breathe, get around, work, or play.

Why quit now?

No matter how old you are or how long you’ve smoked, quitting can help you live longer and be healthier. People who stop smoking before age 50 cut their risk of dying in the next 15 years in half compared with those who keep smoking. Ex-smokers enjoy a higher quality of life. They have fewer illnesses like colds and the flu, lower rates of bronchitis and pneumonia, and feel healthier than people who still smoke.

For decades the Surgeon General has reported the health risks linked to smoking. In 1990, the Surgeon General concluded:

Quitting smoking has major and immediate health benefits for men and women of all ages. These benefits apply to people who already have smoking-related diseases and those who don’t.
Ex-smokers live longer than people who keep smoking.
Quitting smoking lowers the risk of lung cancer, other cancers, heart attack, stroke, and chronic lung disease.
Women who stop smoking before pregnancy or during the first 3 to 4 months of pregnancy reduce their risk of having a low birth-weight baby to that of women who never smoked.
The health benefits of quitting smoking are far greater than any risks from the small weight gain (usually less than 10 pounds) or any emotional or psychological problems that may follow quitting.

Guide to Quitting Smoking

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What do I need to know about quitting?

The US Surgeon General has said, “Smoking cessation [stopping smoking] represents the single most important step that smokers can take to enhance the length and quality of their lives.”

It’s hard to quit smoking, but you can do it. To have the best chance of quitting and staying a non-smoker, you need to know what you’re up against, what your options are, and where to go for help. You’ll find this information here.

Why is it so hard to quit smoking?

Mark Twain said, “Quitting smoking is easy. I’ve done it a thousand times.” Maybe you’ve tried to quit, too. Why is quitting and staying quit hard for so many people? The answer is nicotine.

Nicotine

Nicotine is a drug found naturally in tobacco. It’s as addictive as heroin or cocaine. Over time, a person becomes physically dependent on and emotionally addicted to nicotine. This physical dependence causes unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when you try to quit. The emotional and mental dependence (addiction) make it hard to stay away from nicotine after you quit. Studies have shown that to quit and stay quit smokers must deal with both the physical and mental dependence.

How nicotine gets in, where it goes, and how long it stays

When you inhale smoke, nicotine is carried deep into your lungs. There it’s quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and carried throughout your body. In fact, nicotine inhaled in cigarette smoke reaches the brain faster than drugs that enter the body through a vein (intravenously or IV).

Nicotine affects many parts of your body, including your heart and blood vessels, your hormones, the way your body uses food (your metabolism), and your brain. Nicotine can be found in breast milk and even in the cervical mucus of a female smoker. During pregnancy, nicotine crosses the placenta and has been found in amniotic fluid and the umbilical cord blood of newborn infants.

Different factors affect how long it takes the body to remove nicotine and its by-products. In most cases, regular smokers will still have nicotine or its by-products, such as cotinine, in their bodies for about 3 to 4 days after stopping.

How nicotine hooks smokers

Nicotine causes pleasant feelings and distracts the smoker from unpleasant feelings. This makes the smoker want to smoke again. Nicotine also acts as a kind of depressant by interfering with the flow of information between nerve cells. Smokers tend to smoke more cigarettes as the nervous system adapts to nicotine. This, in turn, increases the amount of nicotine in the smoker’s blood.

Over time, the smoker develops a tolerance to nicotine. Tolerance means that it takes more nicotine to get the same effect that the smoker used to get from smaller amounts. This leads to an increase in smoking. At some point, the smoker reaches a certain nicotine level and then keeps smoking to keep the level of nicotine within a comfortable range.

When a person finishes a cigarette, the nicotine level in the body starts to drop, going lower and lower. The pleasant feelings wear off, and the smoker notices wanting a smoke. If smoking is postponed, the smoker may start to feel irritated and edgy. Usually it doesn’t reach the point of real withdrawal symptoms, but the smoker gets more uncomfortable over time. When the person smokes a cigarette, the unpleasant feelings fade, and the cycle continues.

Nicotine withdrawal symptoms can lead quitters back to smoking

When smokers try to cut back or quit, the lack of nicotine leads to withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal is both physical and mental. Physically, the body reacts to the absence of nicotine. Mentally, the smoker is faced with giving up a habit, which calls for a major change in behavior. Both the physical and mental factors must be addressed for the quitting process to work.

Those who have smoked regularly for a few weeks or longer will have withdrawal symptoms if they suddenly stop using tobacco or greatly reduce the amount they smoke. Symptoms usually start within a few hours of the last cigarette and peak about 2 to 3 days later when most of the nicotine and its by-products are out of the body. Withdrawal symptoms can last for a few days to up to several weeks. They will get better every day that you stay smoke-free.

Withdrawal symptoms can include any of the following:

Dizziness (which may only last 1 to 2 days after quitting)
Depression
Feelings of frustration, impatience, and anger
Anxiety
Irritability
Sleep disturbances, including having trouble falling asleep and staying asleep, and having bad dreams or even nightmares
Trouble concentrating
Restlessness or boredom
Headaches
Tiredness
Increased appetite
Weight gain
Constipation and gas
Cough, dry mouth, sore throat, and nasal drip
Chest tightness
Slower heart rate

These symptoms can make the smoker start smoking again to boost blood levels of nicotine until the symptoms go away. (For information on coping with withdrawal, see the section called “How to quit.”)

Other substances in cigarette smoke

There is some evidence that other chemicals in cigarette smoke may act with nicotine to make it harder to quit smoking. The effects of smoking on monoamine oxidase (a brain chemical) and the substances called harman andnorharman are still being studied. For some people, withdrawing from smoking causes more severe mood problems, which can result in worse cravings and more trouble staying quit.

Smoking affects other medicines

Smoking also makes your body get rid of some drugs faster than usual. When you quit smoking, it may change the levels of these drugs. Though it’s not truly withdrawal, this change can cause problems and add to the discomfort of quitting. Ask your doctor if any medicines you take need to be checked or changed after you quit.

Children's teeth

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From brushing their first tooth to their first trip to the dentist, here's how to take care of your children’s teeth.

A regular teeth-cleaning routine is essential for good dental health. Follow these tips and you can help keep your kids' teeth decay-free:

Start to brush your baby's gums with a soft toothbrush at bath time, or even let your baby have a go themselves as long as you supervise them. This establishes brushing their teeth as part of the washing routine.
Start brushing your baby's teeth with fluoride toothpaste as soon as the first milk tooth breaks through (usually at around six months, but it can be earlier or later). It's important to use a fluoride paste as this helps prevent and control tooth decay.
Children under the age of three can use a smear of family toothpaste containing at least 1,000ppm (parts per million) fluoride. Toothpaste with less fluoride is not as effective at preventing decay. Children between the ages of three and six should use a pea-sized blob of toothpaste containing 1,350-1,500ppm fluoride. Check the toothpaste packet for this information or ask your dentist.
Make sure your child doesn’t eat or lick the toothpaste from the tube.
Brush your child's teeth for at least two minutes twice a day, once just before bedtime and at least one other time during the day. Encourage them to spit out excess toothpaste but not to rinse with lots of water.
Supervise tooth brushing until your child is seven or eight years old, either by brushing their teeth yourself or, if they brush their own teeth, by watching how they do it. From the age of seven or eight they should be able to brush their own teeth, but it’s still a good idea to watch them now and again to make sure they brush properly and for the whole two minutes.

Making sure they brush properly

Guide your child's hand so they can feel the correct movement.
Use a mirror to help your child see exactly where the brush is cleaning their teeth.
Make tooth brushing as fun as possible, using an egg timer to time it for at least two minutes.
Don't let children run around with a toothbrush in their mouth as they may damage their mouths or choke if they fall over.

Taking your child to the dentist

Once you've established a good tooth-brushing routine at home, the next step is the first trip to the dentist. These tips can make this a lot easier:

Take your child to the dentist when they're as young as possible and at least once by the time they're two. This is so they become familiar with the environment and get to know the dentist. The dentist can help to prevent decay and identify any health problems at an early stage. Just opening up the child's mouth for the dentist to take a look is useful practice for when they could benefit from future preventive care.
When you visit the dentist, be positive about it and make the trip fun. This will stop your child worrying about future visits. NHS dental care for children is free.
Take your child with you when you go for your own dental check-up appointments so they get used to it.

Find your nearest dentist.

Fluoride varnish and fissure sealants

Two quick and painless preventive treatments – fissure sealant and fluoride varnish – are available on the NHS from your dentist, and sometimes from your child’s primary school.

Fissure sealants can be done once your child’s permanent teeth have started to come through (usually at the age of about six or seven) to protect them from decay. This is where the chewing surfaces of the back teeth are covered with a special thin plastic coating to keep germs and food particles out of the grooves. The sealant can last for as long as 5 to 10 years.

Fluoride varnish can be applied to both baby teeth and adult teeth. The process involves painting a varnish containing high levels of fluoride onto the surface of the tooth every six months to prevent decay. It works by strengthening tooth enamel, making it more resistant to decay.

Ask your dentist if your child could benefit from fissure sealing or fluoride varnish. Some areas of the country provide the procedures in primary schools using mobile dental clinics. You will, as a parent, be asked for written permission before either procedure is used on your child.

Read more tips on how to look after your children's teeth.

Common dental Q&As

Read the answers to the most common dental health questionspeople have, including:

Take care of your teeth

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Dental health in the UK among adults and children is better than ever before.

Here's how you and your children can have healthy teeth and keep trips to the dentist to a minimum:

Brush your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste. Read more about how to keep your teeth clean.
A healthy lifestyle, including eating well, not smoking and limiting your alcohol intake, is good for your whole body, including your teeth, gums and mouth. Read more about why a healthy lifestyle is good for your teeth.
Help your child have healthy teeth for life by establishing a good dental health routine. Read more about how to look after your children's teeth.
It's important to have regular check-ups with your dentist. Don't put off going for a check-up. Detecting problems early can mean they're easier to treat. If problems are not treated, they may lead to damage that is harder, or evenimpossible, to repair. Read more about dental check-ups.

For information on who can get free dentistry, how to find an NHS dentist and what to expect from your dentist, see NHS dental services.

Common dental Q&As

Read the answers to the most common questions about NHS dentists and dental charges.

What's your BMI?

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Body Mass Index (BMI) is a good way to check if you're a healthy weight. Use our healthy weight calculator to find out your BMI, and get helpful information and advice.

For adults, BMI is a measure of whether you're a healthy weight for your height.

For children aged two and over, BMI centile is used. This is a measure of whether the child is a healthy weight for their height, age and sex.

If you have a BMI above the healthy range you are at raised risk of the serious health problems linked to being overweight, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease and certain cancers. In children, BMI centile indicates whether the child is a healthy weight.

You can go straight to information on:

Who can use BMI and BMI centile?

BMI is the best assessment of weight in adults, and BMI centile is the best assessment for children aged two and over.

Some adults who have a lot of muscle may have a BMI above the healthy range. For example, professional rugby players can have an 'obese' BMI result despite having very little body fat. However, this will not apply to most people.

BMI for adults

BMI takes into account that people come in different shapes and sizes. That's why a range of BMIs is considered healthy for an adult of any given height.

A BMI above the healthy range indicates that you're heavier than is healthy for your height.

The ranges below only apply to adults. BMI results are interpreted differently for children.

BMI below 18.5: a score this low means that you may be underweight. There are a number of possible reasons for this. Your GP can help you find out more, and achieve a healthy weight.You can learn more by reading Nutrition for underweight adults.
BMI between 18.5-24.9: this is a healthy range. It shows that you're a healthy weight for your height. However, it's still important to eat a healthy, balanced diet and include physical activity in your daily life if you want to maintain a healthy weight.
BMI score of 25 or more: your BMI is above the ideal range and this score means you may be overweight. This means that you're heavier than is healthy for someone of your height. Excess weight can put you at increased risk of heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. It’s time to take action. See the section below for the next step, and learn more in our Lose weight section.
BMI of 30 or more: a BMI above 30 is classified as obese. Being obese puts you at a raised risk of health problems such as heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. Losing weight will bring significant health improvements, and your GP can help. See the section below and learn more inLose weight.

The next step if you're overweight or obese

If your BMI shows that you're overweight or obese it's time to take action. There’s lots of information, advice and support on NHS Choices that can help you.

Lose weight has information and advice on achieving a healthy weight
Food and diet contains information and advice on healthy eating
Health and fitness is full of fun and practical ideas to help you get into shape

Your GP or practice nurse can also offer advice on lifestyle changes, and may refer you to a weight loss group or discuss other treatments. Find out more in How your GP can help.

They may also measure your waist circumference. This can provide further information on your risk of certain health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease. You can learn more by reading Why body shape matters.

Why lose weight

For adults who are overweight or obese, losing even a little excess weight has health benefits. You’ll lower your risk of serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes.

Weight loss can also improve back and joint pain. Most people feel better when they lose excess weight.

The key is to make small, long-lasting changes to your lifestyle. If you are overweight or obese, changing your lifestyle so that you eat fewer calories can help you to become a healthier weight. Combining these changes with increased physical activity is the best approach.

To start with, you can cut down on excess calories by swapping high-calorie meals and snacks for healthier alternatives. Read Healthy food swaps to learn more.

Physical activity is an important part of losing weight, as long as it is combined with eating fewer calories. The amount of physical activity that is recommended depends on your age. Adults aged between 19 and 64 should get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity – such as fast walking or cycling – a week. Adults who are overweight are likely to need to do more than this to lose weight. If it's been a while since you've done any activity you should aim to build up to this recommendation gradually. Find out more in Benefits of exercise.

For more ideas on how to get you and your family active, visitChange4Life.

Height and weight chart

You can also use the height and weight chart to check if you're a healthy weight for your height. The chart is only suitable for adult men and women.

BMI for children

BMI results are interpreted differently for children.

When interpreting BMI for a child, health professionals look at a child's weight in relation to their height, age and sex. The result is called the child’s BMI centile. BMI centile is a good way of telling whether a child is a healthy weight, and is used by healthcare professionals.

Using your child’s BMI centile, a healthcare professional can tell whether they're growing as expected. You may have done something similar when your child was a baby, using the growth charts in the Personal Child Health Record.

Once your child’s BMI centile has been calculated, they will be in one of four categories:

underweight: below 2nd BMI centile
healthy weight: between the 2nd and 90th BMI centile
overweight: between 91st and to 97th BMI centile
obese: at or above 98th BMI centile. This BMI centile category is called 'very overweight' in letters that are sent by the National Child Measurement Programme.

Most children should fall in the healthy weight range. A BMI at or above the 91st centile is likely to indicate your child has an increased risk of obesity-related health problems.

Some medical conditions or treatments may mean that BMI centile is not the best way to measure whether your child is a healthy weight. Your GP or other health professional can discuss this with you.

If your child is overweight

Research shows that children who are overweight or obese have a higher risk of ill health during childhood and in later life. If your child is overweight, it’s time to take action.

A GP or practice nurse can give advice and support on helping your child achieve a healthy weight as they grow. Find out more in When your child is overweight.

Top 10 diets review

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With so many diet options to choose from it can be hard to find a weight loss plan that’s right for you.

To help, the British Dietetic Association (BDA) looks at the pros and cons and gives its verdict on the 10 most searched-for commercial diets.

Dukan diet

The Dukan diet is a low-carbohydrate (carb), high-protein diet. There’s no limit to how much you can eat during the plan’s four phases, providing you stick to the rules of the plan. During phase one, you’re on a strict lean protein diet. This is based on a list of 72 reasonably low-fat protein-rich foods, such as chicken, turkey, eggs, fish and fat-free dairy. This is for an average of five days to achieve quick weight loss. Carbs are off limits except for a small amount of oat bran. Unlike the Atkins diet, Dukan’s phase one bans vegetables and seriously restricts fat. The next three phases of the plan see the gradual introduction of some fruit, veg and carbs and eventually all foods. The aim is gradual weight loss of up to 2lb a week and to promote long-term weight management. There’s no time limit to the final phase, which involves having a protein-only day once a week and taking regular exercise.

Pros:You can lose weight very quickly, which can be motivating. It’s a very strict and prescriptive diet and some people like that. It’s easy to follow. You don’t need to weigh food or count calories. Apart from keeping to low-fat, low-salt and high-protein foods, there’s no restriction on how much you can eat during your first two weeks.

Cons:At the start of the diet you may experience side effects such as bad breath, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, insomnia and nausea from cutting out carbs. The lack of wholegrains, fruit and veg in the early stages of the diet could cause problems such asconstipation.

BDA verdict:Rapid weight loss can be motivating but it is unsustainable and unhealthy. The Dukan diet isn’t nutritionally balanced, which is acknowledged by the fact that you need a vitamin supplement and a fibre top up in the form of oat bran. There’s a danger this type of diet could increase your risk of long-term health problems if you don’t stick to the rules. The diet lacks variety in the initial phases so there’s a risk you’ll get bored quickly and give up.

Atkins diet

The Atkins diet is a low-carb, high-protein weight loss programme. You start with a low-carb diet designed for rapid weight loss. This lasts at least two weeks depending on your weight loss goal. During this phase, you’re on a protein, fat and very low-carb diet, including meat, seafood, eggs, cheese, some veg, butter and oils. In contrast to the Dukan diet, Atkins allows unlimited fat and some veg, such as peppers, cucumber and iceberg lettuce, during phase one. During the next three phases, the weight loss is likely to be more gradual, and regular exercise is encouraged. More carbs, fruit and veg are introduced to your diet with the aim of working out what your ideal carb intake is to maintain a healthy weight for life. Phase one is designed to help you lose up to 15lb in two weeks, reducing to 2lb to 3lb during phase two.

Pros:You can lose weight very quickly, which can be motivating. The diet also encourages people to cut out most processed carbs and alcohol. With its diet of red meat, butter, cream, cheese and mayonnaise, it’s one of the few diets out there that appeals to men.

Cons:Initial side effects can include bad breath, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, insomnia, nausea and constipation from cutting out carbs and fibre. The high intake of saturated fat may increase your risk of heart disease and there are concerns that a lack of fruit, veg and dairy products and a high protein intake may affect bone and kidney health in the long term.

BDA verdict:Rapid weight loss can be motivating but it is unsustainable. The Atkins diet isn’t nutritionally balanced. By limiting fruit and veg it contradicts all the advice on healthy eating that we have tried so hard to pass on to people. The meal choices are limited so there’s a risk many people will get bored quickly and drop out or take a ‘pick and mix’ approach.

Cambridge diet

The Cambridge Weight Plans are based around buying and eating a range of meal-replacement products with the promise of rapid weight loss. There are six flexible diet plans ranging from 415kcal to 1,500kcal or more a day, depending on your weight loss goal. There is also a long-term weight management programme. The bars, soups, porridges and shakes can be used as your sole source of nutrition or together with low-calorie regular meals. While on the programme, you receive advice and support on healthy eating and exercise from a Cambridge adviser.

Pros:Many people on very low-calorie diets (VLCDs) find the weight loss to be sudden and quite dramatic. The meal replacements are all nutritionally balanced so you're likely to be getting all the vitamins and minerals you need albeit not from real food.

Cons:Initial side effects can include bad breath, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, insomnia, nausea and constipation from cutting down on carbs and fibre. The hardest part of the plan is sticking to it. Giving up normal meals and swapping them for a snack bar or a shake can be boring and feel socially isolating. This isn’t a plan you can stick to in the long term.

BDA verdict:You need to like the meal-replacement products to stay with the plan. Rapid weight loss can be motivating but it is unsustainable. A VLCD that involves eating 1,000 calories a day or fewer should not be followed for more than 12 continuous weeks. If you are eating fewer than 600 calories a day, you should have medical supervision.

South Beach Diet

The South Beach Diet is a low-GI diet originally developed for heart patients in the US. There’s no calorie counting and no limits on portions. You're encouraged to eat three meals and two snacks a day and follow an exercise plan. People who have more than 10lb to lose start with phase one. This is a two-week quick weight loss regime where you eat lean protein, including meat, fish and poultry, as well as some low-GI vegetables and unsaturated fats. Low-GI carbs are re-introduced during phases two and three, which encourage gradual and sustainable weight loss.

Pros:If you can avoid phase one and start on phase two, there are fewer dietary restrictions in the rest of the plan than some other popular diets. After phase one, the diet broadly follows the basic principles of healthy eating. No major food groups are eliminated and plenty of fruit, veg and low-GI carbs are recommended.

Cons:The severe dietary restrictions of phase one may leave you feeling weak and missing out on some vitamins, minerals and fibre. You may initially experience side effects such as bad breath, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, insomnia, nausea and constipation.

BDA verdict:The first two weeks are the most difficult to get through. We’re concerned that this diet promises such a large weight loss, up to 13lb, in the first two weeks. This, though, won't be all fat. Some of the weight loss will include water and carbs - both of which will be replaced when you begin eating more normally. Once you get past the initial phase, the diet follows the basic principles of healthy eating and should provide the nutrients you need to stay healthy.

Slimming World diet

Slimming World’s weight loss plan encourages you to swap high-fat foods for low-fat foods that are naturally filling. You choose your food from a list of low-fat foods they call 'Free Foods', such as fruit, vegetables, pasta, potatoes, rice, lean meat, fish and eggs, which you can eat in unlimited amounts. There’s no calorie counting, no foods are banned and you’re still allowed the occasional treat. You can get support from fellow slimmers at weekly group meetings and follow an exercise plan to become gradually more active. The plan is designed to help you lose about 1lb to 2lb a week.

Pros:No foods are banned so meals offer balance and variety and are family-friendly. The portion size from each food group will vary depending which plan you follow. The 'Body Magic' booklet they provide gives ideas to help you raise your activity levels. Meeting as a group can provide valuable support.

Cons:Slimming World doesn’t educate you about calories. Without having learned about calories and portion sizes, you may struggle to keep the weight off in the long term when you come off the programme.

BDA verdict:The group meetings encourage members to share successes, ideas and recipes with each other but they may not appeal to everyone. While the meal plans may lack some flexibility, they are generally balanced. However, without learning about calories and portion sizes, you may struggle to make healthy choices once you’ve left the programme.

Slim-Fast diet

The Slim-Fast diet is a low-calorie meal replacement plan for people with a BMI of 25 and over. It uses Slim-Fast’s range of products. The plan recommends three snacks a day from an extensive list, including crisps and chocolate, two meal replacement shakes or bars and one regular meal, taken from a list of recipes on the Slim-Fast website. You can stay on the diet for as long as you want depending on your weight loss goal. Once reached, you’re advised to have one meal replacement shake a day, up to two low-fat snacks and two healthy meals. The plan is designed to help you lose about 1lb to 2lb a week and you can follow the diet for as long as you want.

Pros:Meal-replacement diets can be effective at helping some people to lose weight and keep it off. The plan is convenient as the products take the guesswork out of portion control and calorie counting. No foods are forbidden although you are encouraged to eat lean protein, fruit and vegetables.

Cons:On their own, meal-replacement diets do little to educate people about their eating habits and change their behaviour. There’s a risk of putting the weight back on again once you stop using the products. You may find it hard to get your 5 a day of fruit and veg without careful planning.

BDA verdict:If you don’t like the taste of the meal replacement products, you won't stay with the plan. The Slim-Fast plan can be useful to kickstart your weight loss regime, but it’s important that you make full use of the online support to learn about the principles of healthy eating and how to manage everyday food and drink.

LighterLife diet

The LighterLife weight loss plans combine a very low-calorie meal-replacement diet with weekly counselling. With LighterLife Total, for people with a BMI of 30 or more, you eat four 'food packs' a day, consisting of shakes, soups, mousses or bars, and no conventional food. LighterLife Lite, for those with a BMI of 25-30, involves eating three food packs a day plus one meal from a list of approved foods. You stay on the plans until you reach your target weight. The meal plans can lead to very rapid weight loss and you’re advised to see your GP before starting. How long you stay on the diet depends on how much weight you have to lose.

Pros:The counselling can help you understand your relationship with food, so hopefully you can make lasting changes to keep the weight off for good. With the meal replacements, there’s no weighing or measuring, so it’s a hassle-free approach to weight loss.

Cons:Initial side effects of the diet can include bad breath, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, insomnia, nausea and constipation from cutting down on carbs and fibre. Surviving on a strict diet of shakes and soups and other meal replacements isn’t much fun and can feel socially isolating.

BDA verdict:Rapid weight loss can be motivating but it is unsustainable. LighterLife’s VLCD and its counselling component may work for some, particularly people who have struggled to lose weight for years, have health problems as a result of their weight and are clinically obese with a BMI of more than 30. A VLCD that involves eating 1,000 calories a day or fewer should not be followed for more than 12 continuous weeks. If you are eating fewer than 600 calories a day, you should have medical supervision.

WeightWatchers diet

The WeightWatchers plan is based on the ProPoints system, which gives a value to foods and drink based on protein, carbs, fat and fibre content. It is essentially a calorie-controlled diet where you get a personal daily ProPoints allowance, which you can use how you like. There’s no limit on the amount of fruit and most veg you can eat. You also get a weekly ProPoints safety net in case you go over your allowance, and an individual exercise plan. The weekly meetings and confidential weigh-ins provide support and extra motivation to encourage long-term behaviour change. The plan is designed to help you lose up to 2lb a week.

Pros:No foods are banned so you can eat and drink what you want providing you stick to your points allowance. The ProPoints system is easier to follow for some than calorie-counting and less restrictive than other plans. This is because it introduces a safety net of points, which can be saved up for a special occasion, such as a night out, a small amount of alcohol or treats.

Cons:When you begin, working out the points system can be just as time consuming as simply counting calories. Some people feel pressured into purchasing WeightWatchers branded foods.

BDA verdict:The ProPoints plan is generally well balanced and can be a foundation for long-term changes in dietary habits. The support group approach can help keep people motivated and educate them about healthy eating. But it’s vital that you make the connection between the points system and calories if you want to avoid putting the weight back on once you leave the programme.

Rosemary Conley diet

Rosemary Conley’s Diet and Fitness plans combine a low-fat, low-GI diet with regular exercise. You can follow her recipes or buy from her range of calorie-controlled ready meals and snacks. You’re encouraged to eat food with 5% or less fat, with the exception of oily fish, porridge oats and lean meat. A network of local Rosemary Conley clubs offers weekly exercise classes, support and motivation. You learn about calorie counting and portion size, which can help you sustain your weight loss beyond the programme. The diet is designed to help you lose a stone in seven weeks. How long you stay on the plan depends on your weight loss goal.

Pros:The programme is based around calories, with a focus on cutting fat. The 'portion pots', which are used to measure foods such as rice, cereal, pasta and baked beans, teach you about portion control. Physical activity is an integral part of the weight loss plan, with exercise sessions suitable for all ages, sizes and abilities offered at their weekly classes with trained leaders.

Cons:
Some low-fat products aren't necessarily more healthy because they can still be high in sugar and calories. It is unrealistic to expect people to go out with their portion pots and, therefore, portion control may be more tricky away from the home.

BDA verdict:The diet and exercise plans offer a balanced approach to weight loss that teaches you about portion size, the importance of regular exercise for weight management and making healthier choices. The educational element is very useful for long-term weight management once you have left the programme.

Jenny Craig diet

The Jenny Craig programme has three main features: one-to-one support, a meal delivery service and tailored exercise plans. The weekly, personalised telephone consultations provide advice, motivation and support. The diet adviser assesses your reasons for gaining weight and, over the course of the programme, helps you to change your behaviour. The meals and snacks are packed into single-sized portions to suit your weight-loss needs. You need to add certain fresh fruits, veg and low-fat dairy products. The programme is designed to help you lose between 1lb and 2lb a week until you reach your target weight.

Pros:All the meals, including snacks, are calorie-counted, portion-controlled and delivered to your door. You eat real food, receive telephone support and learn about portion size, calories and exercise, which can all help you make healthier choices beyond the programme.

Cons:The meals don’t contain fruit, veg or dairy, which will be an additional expense. This isn’t an approach that you can stick to in the long term so it’s vital to learn how to prepare or choose healthy food yourself rather than relying on someone else.

BDA verdict:If you don’t like the Jenny Craig meals then this diet won’t work for you. If you want a diet where most of the work is done for you then the Jenny Craig programme can be a good solution. The concern with pre-packaged meals is whether dieters will realise there is no magic trick and be able to replicate the meals, with the same portion sizes and calories, once they are on their own.

Start losing weight

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If you're overweight, losing weight will bring you a range of important health benefits. The key to success? Making realistic changes to your diet and level of physical activity that can become a part of your daily routine.

This guide can help you to start your journey towards a healthy weight. Once you’re on the way, there is lots of information and advice that can help you keep going in our Lose weight section.

Along the way, you can monitor changes in your body mass index (BMI) using our Healthy weight calculator.

Commit to change

Modern life can make it easy to eat and drink more than we realise and do little physical activity. The result is often weight gain.

To lose weight, we need to change our current habits. This means eating less – even when eating a healthy, balanced diet – and getting more active.

Drastic fad diets and exercise regimes that result in rapid weight loss are unlikely to work for long, because these kinds of lifestyle changes can’t be maintained. Once you stop the regime, you’re likely to return to old habits and regain weight.

Instead, choose diet and physical activity changes that you can make a part of your daily routine, and stick to for life.

Ready to get started?

Do today

You can take four actions today that will start your journey towards a healthy weight:

If you haven’t already, check your BMI with our Healthy weight calculator. If your BMI is in the overweight range, aim to achieve a weight that puts your BMI in the healthy range. If it is in the obese range, aim to lose between 5% and 10% of your starting weight. Having lots of muscle may put your BMI in the unhealthy range, even if you have little body fat. However, this will not apply to most people.
Now take the next snack you plan to have and swap it for something healthier. Many common snacks, such as sweets, chocolate, biscuits and crisps, are high in fat and sugar and supply calories that we don’t need. Today, swap your elevenses or mid-afternoon snack for a piece of fruit, a fruit bun or a slice of malt loaf with a low-fat spread. Aim to do the same every day: you’ve adopted your first weight loss habit.
Try to swap drinks that are high in calories for drinks that are lower in fat and sugars. Swap a sugary fizzy drink for a sparkling water with a slice of lemon. Don't forget that alcohol is also high in calories, so cutting down could help you to control your weight.
Next, find a way to fit just one extra walk into your day. Fast walking is a way to burn calories, and you can often fit it into your daily routine. You might walk to the shops during your lunch break, or get off the bus one stop early on the way home and walk the rest of the way. Commit to this and you’ve adopted your second long-term habit. Ideally, you should aim to walk 10,000 steps a day: it’s not as many as it sounds. Learn more in Walking for health.
Last, think about your breakfast tomorrow morning. Can you make it healthier, using the foods you already have at home? Get ideas in Five healthy breakfasts.

Do this week

There are four actions you can take this week:

First, plan a healthy weekly shop. Healthy, balanced meals are key to a healthy weight, and eating a balanced diet often starts with having the right foods at home. At the supermarket look out for fresh foods and healthier options. Stuck for ideas? See our Healthy recipes.
Everyone likes a treat occasionally, like a pizza or a takeaway. So this week, swap your treat for a healthier, home-made alternative as you can make lower-calorie versions of many takeaway foods at home. If you do order in, choose healthier options: see Healthier takeaways.
Next, commit to one more way to increase your level of physical activity. The right amount of physical activity for you depends on your age. It’s recommended that adults between 19 and 64 get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity – such as fast walking or cycling – per week, and you are likely to need more to lose weight. For more on how much activity to do and what counts as activity, see Physical activity guidelines for adults. You could try our Couch to 5K programme, which is designed to get just about anyone off the couch and running 5km in nine weeks. For more ideas see our Health and fitness section and our step-by-step exercise guides for beginners.
Last, identify this week’s danger zones. These are times when you might find yourself eating lots of foods that are high in fat and sugar, perhaps because you are eating out or simply because you’re tired or stressed. Plan ahead, so that you can limit those foods. But don’t be too strict: an indulgence from time to time is fine. For more advice, see Diet danger zones.

Lose weight : How the plan works

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How the plan works

Download 'Losing weight: Getting started' to develophealthier eating habits, get more active and get on track to start losing weight.

Weight loss guide features:

promotes safe and sustainable weight loss
learn to make healthier food choices
get support from our online community
a weekly progress chart (view sample PDF, 545kb)
exercise plans to help you lose weight
learn skills to prevent weight regain

We want to help you adopt a healthier lifestyle so you can lose weight safely and learn the skills you need to keep it off in the long term.

If people are overweight, it’s usually because they
eat and drink more calories than they need.

Losing weight - Getting started is designed to help you lose weight at a safe rate of 0.5kg to 1kg (1lb to 2lb) each week by sticking to a daily calorie allowance.

For most men, this will mean consuming no more than 1,900kcal a day, and 1,400kcal for most women.

If you go over your limit one day, don’t worry, we've got that covered. It simply means you’ll have to reduce your calorie intake the following days.

For example, if you're a woman and you have 1,700kcal on Tuesday – that’s 300kcal more than your daily calorie allowance of 1,400kcal.

To stay on track, you’ll need to remove 300kcal from your remaining calorie allowance over the rest of the week.

Information guides

The guide is delivered through 12 weekly information packs full of diet, healthy eating and physical activity advice, including weekly challenges.

Each information guide contains a food and activity chart (view sample PDF, 545kb) to help you record your calories, exercise and weight loss so you can see how well you're doing at a glance.

Print and stick the chart somewhere you can see it, such as the fridge or a kitchen cupboard, and update it at the end of each day.

In addition to a healthier diet, regular physical activity is a vital component of your weight loss journey.

Not only will it help you lose more weight but it will also keep you motivated and improve your general health and wellbeing.

As you work through the weeks, you'll get lots of ideas and structured programmes to help you get active, from easy ways to gradually build activity into your day, to the popular Couch to 5K, 5K+ and Strength and Flex podcasts.

Getting started

The links below provide the tools and knowledge you'll need from day one on the plan. Before you download Week 1, it's worth taking a look so you can:

work out how much weight you need to lose
learn how to count calories on the plan
line up some non-food rewards to celebrate your progress along the way
make the best start on the plan with our 12 weight loss tips

*The NHS Choices weight loss guide has been developed under the supervision and advice of specialist dietitians from the British Dietetic Association, which represents registered dietitians in the UK. Thanks to dietitians within DOM UK (Dietitians in Obesity Management) – a specialist group of the British Dietetic Association.

Comment Sauver Grand Sur Des Dentiers Dans Le Colorado

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Si vous avez besoin de nouveaux dentiers et vivez région à Denver, le Colorado ou n'importe où ailleurs dans l'état du Colorado, j'ai de bonnes nouvelles pour toi. Vous vous avérez justement vivre dans un secteur qui offre des escomptes maximum sur des dentiers et tout autre soin dentaire en employant simplement un de nos plans dentaires d'escompte.

Ces plans dentaires d'escompte sont semblables à l'assurance, mais ils ne sont pas des polices d'assurances d'assurance réelles. Ce qu'elles est offre vous l'épargne substantielle par visiter des fournisseurs dentaires participants dans leur réseau. Ces dentistes et spécialistes dentaires reçoivent de grands escomptes sur les choses des lesquelles ils ont besoin afin de courir leur pratique, en plus de beaucoup d'autres incitations, pour te donner un grand escompte sur votre soin dentaire.

Votre épargne en joignant un de ces plans est n'importe où de 10% toute manière jusqu'à 60%. Ceci peut signifier l'épargne de $500-$600 outre du prix moyen répandu par tout le pays pour seuls les dentiers supérieurs ! En outre, vous sauverez grand sur le soin dentaire courant, comme des contrôles, les nettoyages, ect. et d'autres travail principal de pont, canaux de racine et plus dentaires, comme des croisillons pour vos enfants et nouveaux.

Le coût de joindre un de ces plans dans le Colorado commence $79.95 par an pour un individu dessus vers le haut. Les plans dentaires d'escompte de famille font la moyenne autour de $150.00 par an. Voici un exemple d'un de ces plans dentaires d'escompte région à Denver, le Colorado. C'est réellement bon pour l'état entier du Colorado, je suis juste en utilisant les taux pour le code postal 80215.

Le coût de joindre ce plan d'escompte est $99.95 annuellement pour un plan individuel ou $149.95 par famille. L'épargne est énorme ! Le coût moyen dans le pays, selon des statistiques nationales, parce que un dentier supérieur est $1252.00, mais avec ce plan particulier d'escompte vous devrez seulement payer $650.00. C'est l'épargne à toi de $602.00. Déduire le coût d'un plan dentaire d'escompte de famille de cette quantité et vous avez sauvé $452.05 sur votre première visite ! Vous sauverez $502.05 si vous êtes célibataire. ET, vous continuerez à sauver pour les 12 mois suivants aussi. Certains ont sauvé littéralement des milliers de dollars juste en ayant ce un plan.

Résumé - si vous avez besoin de dentiers à Denver ou de dentiers n'importe où dans le Colorado, vous voudrez certainement regarder dans ceci et commencer à sauver tout de suite !

Dentiers D'Austin - Économiser Grand Sur Des Dentiers À Austin, À Houston, À Dallas, Texas Et Plus

2013-02-09T18:36:00.003+00:00

L'état du Texas offre d'excellents escomptes sur des dentiers et tout autre soin dentaire, SI vous savez se y prendre à temps pour avoir à ces escomptes la bonne manière. La manière dont je me réfère s'appelle un plan dentaire d'escompte et toi pouvez économiser une tonne d'argent en ayant un.

Les plans dentaires d'escompte ne fonctionnent pas comme l'assurance, qui ne prévoit aucune condition de préexistence. Un plan d'escompte te donne un grand escompte pour payer l'argent comptant à l'heure de votre visite. En fait, vous pourriez sauver pas moins de $500-$600.00 sur seuls les dentiers supérieurs. Comme I dit avant, vous pouvez sauver grand dans le Texas parce que cet état est l'un des secteurs qui fournit les avantages maximum pour ce type de plan. Vous pouvez sauver grand dans toutes les villes principales, comme Austin, Houston, Dallas, valeur de fort, San Antonio, roche ronde et beaucoup de plus petites villes aussi. Le soin dentaire avec ces plans est disponible dans l'état entier du Texas.

Voici un exemple de la façon dont vous pouvez économiser l'argent sur des dentiers en employant un de ces plans.

Cet exemple est pour un plan dentaire d'escompte disponible région à Austin, le Texas, le code postal 78725. Il est également par état disponible. Il y a 121 fournisseurs dentaires participants dans un rayon de 50 milles de ce code postal ainsi la conclusion d'un dentiste ne sera pas un problème pour toi du tout.

Le coût habituel seuls de dentiers supérieurs est nationalement $1250.00. En devenant un membre de cet escompte projeter votre coût sera seulement $692.00. C'est l'épargne de $558.00 ! Le coût de l'adhésion est juste $99.95 par an pour un individu ou $150.00 pour chaque famille. Ceci signifie que si vous avez une famille vous sauverez un total de $408.00 sur votre première seule visite. Votre famille continuera à obtenir la grande épargne sur le soin dentaire de base et le soin principal, tel que le travail de pont, les croisillons et beaucoup plus. Quelques plans (pas tous) offrent même l'art dentaire cosmétique.

Résumé - si vous vivez dans l'état du Texas et avez besoin des dentiers ou de n'importe quel autre genre de soin dentaire, je vous invite à prendre à un regard aux plans dentaires d'escompte avant toi l'extrémité payant vers le haut le prix fort quand vous pas devez.

Redresser Votre Sourire Avec Les Croisillons Pratiquement Invisibles

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Le système de croisillons d'espace libre d'Invisalign est un nouveau système orthodontique de traitement employé par les dentistes cosmétiques qui fonctionne pour redresser vos dents par l'utilisation des moules en plastique clairs. Ces croisillons invisibles éliminent le sourire métallique qui est caractéristique des croisillons traditionnels. Des croisillons invisibles d'Invisalign coutume-sont moulés pour vous adapter.

Les croisillons pratiquement invisibles replacent graduellement vos dents dans le sourire plus droit et plus attrayant que vous avez toujours voulu. La convenance et la facilité d'Invisalign lui ont fait le choix pour plus de 500.000 personnes ces dernières années. Un des aspects les plus attrayants du système d'Invisalign est qu'il n'y a aucun fil ou bande en métal irritant constamment votre bouche. La popularité d'Invisalign peut également être attribuée au fait que la plupart des personnes ne noteront pas même que vos croisillons et les croisillons n'interrompront pas votre style de vie occupé.

Le processus d'Invisalign

Après que toi et votre dentiste cosmétique décidiez qu'Invisalign est la meilleure option pour toi, he/she emploiera la formation image d'ordinateur pour créer vos croisillons invisibles. Après la prise des impressions de morsure de votre bouche, le dentiste emploiera le système informatique d'Invisalign pour créer une série de serviteurs clairs. Le tout premier adaptera la configuration courante de vos dents, et chaque arrêtoir successif appliquera la pression douce de déplacer vos dents à leurs alignements de cible.

Le nombre d'applications dépendra de vos différents besoins, mais le nombre moyen est entre 18-30. Chaque arrêtoir est porté pendant deux semaines, 24 heures sur 24 (excepté pendant les repas), et alors le prochain dispositif d'alignement est utilisé. Les dents complètes d'Invisalign replaçant le processus prend la même quantité de temps que des orthodonties traditionnelles.

Avantages et inconvénients

Sont beaucoup d'avantages au système d'Invisalign. Un certain nombre de personnes vivraient plutôt avec les dents tordues qu'amusent la pensée de la vie avec de l'argent, croisillons douloureux pendant deux années ou davantage. Le système d'Invisalign d'espace libre a été créé pour présenter l'esthétique si nécessaire au champ des orthodonties. Ce système permet également à ses porteurs de balayer et à soie pendant qu'ils normalement, réduisant les chances de la souillure et de l'affaiblissement qui se produisent souvent avec les croisillons traditionnels. Les limitations de nourriture et de boissons ne sont pas nécessaires ; si les patients souhaitent manger ou boire des nourritures qui peuvent interférer les croisillons, elles bidon simple enlèvent l'arrêtoir.

Les inconvénients du système d'Invisalign en sont peu, si du tout. Peupler qui ne portent pas les arrêtoirs car dirigé ne peuvent pas voir les résultats qu'elles ont désirés. Certains avec les dents et/ou les gommes sensibles peuvent sentir un certain malaise quand elles commutent à un nouvel arrêtoir. Ces problèmes sont certainement mineurs et rares, et la plupart des patients disent que les avantages sont supérieurs loin à tous les problèmes.

Le coût d'Invisalign peut être plus haut que les croisillons traditionnels, et le coût dépend de combien de dispositifs d'alignement doivent être créés pour que vous réalisiez les résultats désirés. Votre assurance peut couvrir le traitement, mais vous devriez demander à votre compagnie d'assurance directement ce qu'elles couvrent concernant procédures dentaires/orthodontiques avant de commettre à n'importe quoi.

Dentiers De L'Oklahoma - Comment Sauver Grand Sur Des Dentiers Dans L'Oklahoma

2013-02-09T18:34:00.002+00:00

Les dentiers de l'Oklahoma sont accessibles et faciles à obtenir, si vous avez le bon plan dentaire. Maintenant m'attendre et entendre dehors avant que vous alliez penser le « OH, un autre boniment ». Je parle de l'économie pas moins de $500-$600 au loin du coût habituel de la plupart des dentiers de l'Oklahoma. Intéressé en entendant plus ? J'ai pensé ainsi.

Je parle d'un plan appelé un « plan dentaire d'escompte ». Ceux-ci escomptent la grande épargne d'offre dentaire de plans sur le soin dentaire principal, aussi bien que le soin préventif. Tous ce que vous devez faire afin de commencer l'argent d'économie sur vos dentiers est joignez le plan dentaire d'escompte, payez au bas coût les honoraires annuels pour se joindre (aussi bas que $80 pour un individu) et toi pourrez voir un dentiste dans un à trois jours ensuite. Vous pouvez trouver les dentistes participants dans (et un certain plus petit) les villes d'Oklahoma tout principales comme, la ville d'Oklahoma, Tulsa, Lawton, Muskogee, Chickasha, ADA, Ardmore et plus.

Une fois que vous avez reçu votre information de membre, tout que vous devez faire est de prendre un rendez-vous avec votre nouveau dentiste et aller obtenir vos dentiers pris en compte.

Voici un exemple d'un plan dentaire d'escompte dans la région de ville d'Oklahoma.

Ce plan est du code postal 73130, mais est valide dans l'état entier de l'Oklahoma. Le coût de dentiers supérieurs nationalement est habituellement $1.252, cependant, avec ce plan particulier que vous devriez seulement payer $694.00, qui est l'épargne de $558.00. Le coût de joindre ce plan particulier est seulement $99.95 par an pour un individu ou $149.95 pour la famille entière.

Pouvez-vous voir l'épargne potentielle ici ? C'est seulement la première visite et vous avez déjà économisé plus de $400. Cela vous assume le besoin un plan de famille. Vous avez sauvé $450 si vous le besoin juste un plan individuel. Plus, vous obtenez d'employer le plan pour les 12 mois suivants. Combien est-ce que plus vous sauveront ?

Résumé - si vous avez besoin des dentiers dans l'Oklahoma, acheter un escompte plan dentaire est votre meilleur pari pour l'économie grande sur des dentiers de l'Oklahoma.

Avantages D'art Dentaire Cosmétique

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Avantages D'art Dentaire Cosmétique

Si vous n'avez jamais considéré l'art dentaire cosmétique avant, vous pouvez vouloir penser à tous avantages que ce type d'art dentaire peut pouvoir vous donner. L'art dentaire cosmétique a aidé la sensation de beaucoup de gens mieux au sujet d'elles-mêmes et de leurs sourires.

Que l'art dentaire cosmétique peut-il faire pour toi ?

Quelques personnes ont peur pour sourire trop largement. La dent déserte comme la décoloration, crookedness, déviation d'alignement, lacunes, et les morceaux les font cacher leurs sourires dans l'embarras, qui cache également leur personnalité.

Plutôt que de se cacher, pourquoi pas entretien à un dentiste cosmétique voir comment lui ou elle pourrait améliorer votre sourire ? Les procédures d'art dentaire cosmétique peuvent transformer un sourire embarrassant en un que vous êtes fier de montrer au loin à chacun, y compris des appareils-photo.

Procédures d'art dentaire cosmétique

Blanchiment de dent - si vos dents sont décolorées et désagréables à d'autres, considérer les avoir a blanchi. Là laser-blanchissent les dentistes cosmétiques traversants disponibles de procédures, qui te donneront un sourire lumineux et blanc dans environ une heure. Ou vous pouvez la faire à la maison à vos loisirs, avec un plateau et une professionnel-force faits sur commande blanchissant le gel de votre dentiste cosmétique.

Liaison dentaire - portée, de petites dents peuvent être construites dans les dents regardantes attrayantes et normales ce match la taille de leurs voisins.

Placages de porcelaine - si votre sourire a de petites lacunes dans lui, votre dentiste cosmétique peut apposer normal-regarder très des placages, classés et formés afin de combler cet espace.

Implants dentaires - si vous avez des dents manquer tout à fait, un implant avec une couronne de porcelaine peut remplir cet espace de sorte que personne ne puisse dire la couronne des dents normales.

Invisalign - si vos dents sont alignées mal et serrées, vous pourriez être un candidat pour les dispositifs d'alignement clairs connus sous le nom d'Invisalign, qui te permettent d'éviter de porter des croisillons. L'échange juste dehors votre ensemble courant de dispositifs d'alignement toutes les deux semaines pour le prochain ensemble, et rendent visite à votre dentiste cosmétique périodiquement pour des contrôles sur votre progrès.

Remplissages blancs - si vous avez des vieux remplissages en métal, ils peuvent être remplacés avec les remplissages blancs nacrés de porcelaine, de sorte que personne ne sache que vous avez jamais fait faire tous les remplissages du tout.

Après vos procédures

Après vos procédures d'art dentaire cosmétique, vous constaterez que vous ne vous sentez plus comme cacher votre sourire. Vous vous sentirez plus détendu quand sortant avec des amis et rencontrant de nouvelles personnes et plus confiant au travail.

Une fois que vous avez le sourire que vous avez toujours rêvé de, vous serez heureux de le montrer à d'autres. Un sourire, plus que toute autre chose, personnes d'aides voient toi comme amical, accessible, et en appeler. Vous semblerez meilleur en photographies et votre visage regardera plus équilibré et attrayant.

Examiner l'art dentaire cosmétique si vous êtes intéressé à améliorer votre aspect et confiance. Il y a beaucoup de procédures qui peuvent améliorer votre sourire et la manière que vous regardez.

Approvisionnements Dentaires

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Approvisionnements Dentaires

Il y a des centaines de différents approvisionnements dentaires que votre dentiste doit maintenir dans les actions. Chaque article est employé pour un but spécifique. Les couronnes, les coquilles et les bandes composent le premier groupe d'approvisionnements dentaires avec lesquels votre dentiste emploie pour fixer des problèmes dentaires. Dans ce groupe vous trouverez des articles comme les bandes de cuivre, les couronnes en métal, les couronnes en plastique, les ciseaux de couronne et les coquilles en aluminium.

Les matériaux de dentier composent le deuxième groupe d'approvisionnements dentaires. Dans ce groupe vous trouverez des matières, des outils et des consommables employés pour créer et adapter des dentiers. Certains des articles que vous trouverez dans ce groupe incluent la matière première de dentier, les recouvrements de dentier, les conditionneurs de dentier, les matériaux de dentier, les matériaux de réparation de dentier et la résine orthodontique.

Les morceaux dentaires de main sont les outils rotatoires avec lesquels votre dentiste emploie pour nettoyer, polir et excaver vos dents. Ces outils utilisent des roulements à billes pour créer l'action tournante sans heurt qui est appropriée pour travailler dans des secteurs serrés et pour la précision. Certains des articles ont trouvé dans cette catégorie dentaire d'approvisionnement incluent les morceaux en forme de verrou de main d'angles, les angles jetables prophy, les outils de bureau, les mandrins de morceau de main, les décapants, les lubrifiants, les pièces de main et les turbines.

Tandis que la plupart des approvisionnements dentaires mentionnés en cet article sont employées pour travailler aux dents, la catégorie finale des approvisionnements dentaires que cet article discutera sont employées pour l'administratif chargent des rendez-vous de établissement du programme. L'établissement du programme précis est nécessaire pour maintenir des patients heureux et pour tenir le dentiste au courant au sujet de qui elles verront et quelles activités dentaires elles exécuteront chaque jour. Certains des approvisionnements dentaires ont trouvé dans cette catégorie incluent : livres de rendez-vous, autocollants de rendez-vous, cartes postales et logiciel de établissement du programme.

Outils Dentaires

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Quand vous allez chez un dentiste pour un contrôle courant vous contactez très probablement une sélection, un polisseur, et les miroirs dentaires. Cependant, sans compter que ces outils communs, les dentistes ont des douzaines d'outils dentaires qu'ils travaillent avec journalier. Certains de ces outils sont utilisés pour le nettoyage, alors que d'autres sont employés pour contrôler la fin d'affaires de leur pratique.

Le premier type d'outils dentaires que les dentistes utilisent sont blanchissant et blanchissant des outils. Ces outils sont organisés en articles qui peuvent être employés à la maison et articles qui doivent être employés dans le bureau. Certains des articles qui sont inclus dans dans la sous-catégorie de bureau blanchissent des plateaux, les mini remplissages de bout de bloc dehors, kits de résine de bloc dehors, dans les kits de blanchissement de bureau, kit combo de dans-bureau de Contrastram et illuminent Combo avec NUPRO 15%.

Les agents de liaison sont le deuxième type d'outils dentaires que les dentistes utilisent. Ces articles sont employés pour un certain nombre de raisons comprenant des placages de liaison à vos dents. Certains des articles dans cette catégorie des outils dentaires incluent : puits extraoral d'adhésifs, d'applicateurs, de mélange, agents à plusieurs éléments de liaison, bouts gravure à l'eau-forte et kits de réparation en céramique de silane.

Les matériaux aspirants sont le troisième type d'outils dentaires et des consommables avec lesquels votre dentiste avait l'habitude de travailler à vos dents. Ce groupe d'articles est employé à la salive claire du secteur et du mouvement de travail autour des liquides. Certains des articles dans cette catégorie incluent : les décapants d'aspirateur, aspirateur incline, des bouts de HVE et des éjecteurs de salive.

En plus de tous les outils dentaires ci-dessus, les appareils-photo sont également devenus un outil important pour des pratiques dentaires d'avoir. Ils sont employés à la photographie vos dents. Ces photos sont employées pour identifier des problèmes, pour créer un plan de jeu pour corriger vos problèmes dentaires et pour être employées pour te montrer la différence entre ce que vos dents ont ressemblé avant que vous ayez fait effectuer le travail et à ce qu'il a ressemblé à ensuite.

Acné 101 - Les différents types de l'acné et de boutons

2013-02-09T18:18:00.000+00:00

Acné 101 - Les différents types de l'acné et de boutons

La peau est le plus grand organe du corps et est exposée à différents genres de maladies et d'attaques microbiennes. Une des maladies les plus communes de la peau est acné.

Quand les follicules de cheveux sur le secret de peau une huile normale ont appelé le sébum, ce de vieux voyages aux pores de la peau pour se protéger et lubrifier. Certains ont des désordres de peau où il y a sécrétion excessive de cette huile normale. Ce phénomène est également terrain communal parmi la puberté entrante de jeunes où les changements hormonaux interviennent.

Le sébum excessif peut obstruer les pores de la peau. Puisque c'est une substance collante, ceci pourrait attirer les bactéries qui touchent la peau et forme les taches et les inflammations qui développent en acné.

Les formes de réellement sont inflammatoires et non-inflammatoires. La plus petite forme qui est également le début de l'acné s'appelle le microcomedo. Ceci peut se développer en point noir ou whitehead. Pustules et nodules sont semblables au comedo mais plus sérieux. Pustules pus-ont rempli bosses et couleur jaunâtre. Les nodules sont des inflammations sous la peau et ont une plus grande taille et plus ferme que le Pustules.

Les Papules sont une autre forme d'acné qui vient entre inflammatoire et non-inflammatoire. Ils sont les boutons typiques qui sont modérément enflamés et maintenant montrent la rougeur ou contiennent le pus. Vulgaris d'acné est le type le plus commun d'acné et se compose de points noirs et de whiteheads. Ce n'est pas très sérieux cependant peut être facilement traité avec tous les deux au-dessus des médicaments de compteur et de prescription.

Le pincement ou le serrage de la petite acné pus-remplie a pu mener à l'acné cystique. Ceci peut résulter à la douleur provoquée par l'inflammation enracinée profonde.

L'acné Rosacea est commune parmi les adultes âgés moyens. Ce type d'acné est des marques le rouge de nez dû aux bosses enflamées. La plupart des secteurs infectés communs sont le menton et le front. Le bidon de visage a également semblé rincé donnant à la personne affectée une impression de l'boire. Quand à l'étape grave, l'acné Rosacea peut causer le nez à bulbe (rhinofima).

Quelques femmes deviennent affectées avec la dermatite perioral où les petits pustules et papules forment sur le menton, autour de la bouche et parfois près du front et des paupières. La cause pour ceci peut être attribuée à la pâte dentifrice et aux stéroïdes fluorés, qui est également la cause de l'acné de corticostéroïde.

Même des bébés ne sont pas épargnés de l'acné. Bien que rare, l'acné infantile peut être présente sur les bébés nouveau-nés. Ce n'est aucune raison de s'inquiéter cependant parce que ce genre d'acné est très doux et peut disparaître après quelques semaines. Ceci peut être provoqué par les hormones foetales.

Il y a également un type d'acné qui se développe dans le cuir chevelu et s'appelle la folliculite de cuir chevelu. Le manque de pratique hygiénique dans le secteur de cuir chevelu et le type huileux de cheveux peut accumuler des bactéries pour former l'acné. Ce type d'acné peut être traité avec les shampooings de acné-combat.

Le conglobata d'acné est une forme grave de vulgaris d'acné cystique nodulaire qui affecte intensivement le visage, le coffre et le dos. Le multiple a enflamé et non-a enflamé des nodules et des cicatrices sont trouvées dans beaucoup de parties du corps. Une forme grave de conglobata d'acné est l'acné très rare fulminan. C'est très commun parmi les hommes.

Le pour et le contre du médicament et du traitement d'acné

2013-02-09T18:14:00.002+00:00

Le pour et le contre du médicament et du traitement d'acné

Quel est accutane ?

Accutane est une marque de fabrique pour Isotretinoin qui est une drogue très puissante utilisée dans le traitement de l'acné. La drogue est habituellement employée pendant quatre à cinq mois à l'acné claire. Accutane est si efficace que l'acné qui a existé pendant beaucoup d'années et ne répondent plus aux antibiotiques sont efficacement traitées par cette drogue. Même grave et marquant l'acné s'est avéré pour être éliminé avec l'utilisation d'Accutane. Accutane est également employé pour d'autres désordres comme des lupus, le planus de lichen et le psoriasis. Même certains cancers sont prétendus pour obtenir empêchés avec l'utilisation d'Accutane.

Accutane est un retinoid ; il est dérivé de la vitamine A. Le corps produit également un peu d'Isotretinoin. Comme tous les retinoids, Accutane change la transcription d'ADN pour diminuer le rendement et la taille des glandes sebaceous. Pour réduire la formation des points noirs et des whiteheads, Accutane rend les cellules moins collantes. En outre, Accutane tue des bactéries sur la surface de la peau.

Avant que l'isotretinoin ait été développé, la manière la plus commune de traiter l'acné était avec les antibiotiques oraux comme l'érythromycine et les tétracyclines. Mais le problème avec ces antibiotiques était celui en dépit de son efficacité à un certain degré, elles a seulement éliminé un facteur de contribution de l'acné, les bactéries d'acnes de propionobactérie. Et pendant que la contrainte plus résistante des bactéries devient plus en avant, l'effet de l'antibiotique diminue graduellement.

Accutane est habituellement administré oralement pour être absorbé mieux après un repas à haute teneur en graisses. C'est parce qu'il a un à niveau élevé du lipophilicity. Il est habituellement commencé par le bas dosage qui augmente après quelques semaines. Pour certains, l'acné devient plus mauvaise au début d'une thérapie mais ceci volonté durent seulement pendant une période courte comme un signe que le médicament fonctionne. Selon une étude, cinquante pour cent de ceux qui prennent le médicament indiquent qu'ils ne prennent jamais l'autre traitement à côté d'Accutane.

Mais comme tous les médicaments non-normaux, la prise d'Accutane n'est pas sans effets secondaires. L'effet secondaire le plus commun, qui est également le plus doux, est les lèvres gercées. Ceci peut être facilement paré en appliquant la VASELINE d'Aquaphor. D'autres effets secondaires connus incluent des maux de tête accompagnés avec la vision, la nausée et le vomissement brouillés, production diminuée des larmes, la dépression qui peut résulter aux pensées du suicide, amincir abdominal de douleur, d'ictère, sec et de démanger de peau et de cheveux.

L'effet secondaire le plus préjudiciable a jusqu'ici été des défauts de naissance sérieux quand les femmes enceintes prennent Accutane. Des femmes sexuellement actives sont également conseillées de prendre le contrôle des naissances parce que l'effet d'Accutane d'une certaine période pendant la pré-grossesse peut être porté en avant.

Les médecins et le conseil de l'autre expert médical pour ne pas prendre l'isotretinoin avec la supplémentation d'antibiotiques ou de vitamine A de tétracycline concurremment comme interaction peuvent considérablement augmenter le risque d'hypertension et de toxicité intra-crâniennes idiopathiques.

Accutane peut seulement être acheté avec une prescription. Au Royaume-Uni, le médicament est prescrit seulement par un dermatologue tandis qu'aux USA ; la distribution d'isotretinion est commandée par le site Web FDA-exigé appelé l'iPLEDGE. Les dermatologues doivent enregistrer leurs patients tandis que les pharmaciens doivent vérifier le site Web avant la distribution de drogue.

mazazin

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