Breastfeeding with flat or inverted nipples can be a challenge at first, as your baby may struggle to latch properly. However, with the help of a Lactation Consultant, many moms can still breastfeed successfully.

How do I know if I have flat or inverted nipples?

You can test for flat or inverted nipples by gently compressing your areola with your thumb and index finger about an inch behind your actual nipple. Your nipple should protrude once compressed, but if it pulls inward you most likely have flat or inverted nipples.

How can I breastfeed with flat or inverted nipples?

If you have flat or inverted nipples, changes during pregnancy may help relieve the issue naturally. For many moms, their nipples will naturally protrude more as they move through their pregnancy to prepare for breastfeeding. After birth, be sure to work with a Lactation Consultant to ensure your baby latches properly. In some cases, if your baby latches well, he or she can help to draw your nipples out in the early stages of breastfeeding.

For some moms, it takes additional assistance from a Lactation Consultant to breastfeed successfully with flat or inverted nipples. In some cases, she may recommend the temporary use of a nipple shield to extend the length of your nipple for your baby. Nipple shields should be used under the guidance of a lactation professional and may make breastfeeding easier for your baby while also working to correct the flat or inverted nipple. The Lactation Consultant may encourage you to pump frequently to prevent engorgement and further draw out your nipple. She would make this recommendation because if your breasts become engorged, it will most likely stretch the skin around your nipple, exaggerating the flat or inverted nipple even more.

By working closely with a Lactation Consultant and following the suggestions above, many women with flat or inverted nipples are still able to breastfeed.

Moms, did you nurse with flat or inverted nipples? What helped most to make breastfeeding a success?

Some moms wonder if they need to “toughen up” their nipples before baby arrives, and the answer is no. In fact, doing so can actually damage your nipples and make it more difficult to breastfeed. So, don’t worry! Your body naturally handles the preparation you need for frequent breastfeeding. The best thing you can do to prevent sore nipples, is to ensure your baby has a good latch. In fact, many hospitals have breastfeeding classes you can take while pregnant to learn about breastfeeding and techniques that assist with latch. A Lactation Consultant can also help when the time comes.

Once pregnant, your breasts will undergo some serious changes. Your milk ducts and other milk producing cells will begin to grow. Likewise, more blood will flow to your breasts to aid in growth. As you move further into your pregnancy, hormonal changes will cause your breasts grow even more. At this point, it’s very common for your breasts to feel sore or tender. Consider wearing a highly supportive maternity bra to minimize any discomfort you may experience.

As your due date approaches, your breasts may begin to leak a fluid known as colostrum. This milk, also called the first milk, is packed with nutrients to help your little one fight infection after birth. Washable or disposable bra pads can help protect your clothes and keep you as comfortable as possible during this time.

Your body’s changes can sometimes be uncomfortable, but they should never be painful. If you notice any unusual lumps or nipple changes that cause discomfort, talk to your healthcare provider. They’ll be able address these problems and help relieve any discomfort.

Moms, did you notice these changes while you were pregnant? Share your thoughts in the comments below.

ROBIN

“Who cares how old he is? If it works for them then who is anyone to judge? I wish women, especially mothers, would support each other.”

KATRINA

“I think the article and photos do exactly what it set out to do…bring extended breastfeeding out in the open and start discussion/debate. Personally, I do not like the title; however, I am a firm believer that most parents have their child’s best interests in mind and do the best they can with their life circumstances and the information they have (whether it’s evidence-based or outdated).

Currently, the WHO and AAP recommend exclusive, on-demand breastfeeding until the age of 6 months (breastmilk directly or pumped from mother, breastmilk from a healthy wet-nurse or milk bank if not available from mother, and formula as a prescription medication if breastmilk is not available from any source), breastfeeding with solids until the age of 1-2 years, and continued breastfeeding as long as mother and baby chose to do so.

Research shows the natural age of weaning to be 2.5-7 years of age (meaning some wean before and after those ages). However, according to Healthy People 2010, most mothers in the United States do not even breastfeed the recommended 6 months. Many researchers theorize this is one of the reasons why the United States has more health issues than other countries who breastfeed for longer periods.

It is a reflection of how society views breastfeeding in our country. I am glad to see extended breastfeeding in the media, because it is another aspect of parenting that some parents do and some don’t – either way, it is NORMAL. Although I haven’t breastfed in public for a while, Aurora (age 5) still nurses about once every other month with her brother, Landon (age 3), who still nurses about once every other day. Serenity breastfed for 2.5 years before she self-weaned. I prefer child-led weaning (I don’t offer, I don’t refuse, but I will delay…by then, they usually forgot until bedtime). Sometimes I wish they were weaned; other times I cherish our special time together (but I know they get more out of it than I do: comfort, nutrition, medicine)…once they’re done…they’re done…and they’re only little once. Extended breastfeeding may not be for everyone, but it’s what works for us. Who are any of us to judge?”

WENDY

“I support breastfeeding, people are always criticizing moms for breastfeeding in public and this photograph is definitely in your face. We need to start talking about the importance of breastfeeding and stop judging moms for when, where, and how long they breastfeed. It puts pressure on some moms and it makes them feel guilty. It is the best food for your child, pure, organic and safe. You are not more or less of a mom for breastfeeding longer or shorter than the recommended 6 months.”

AMY

“Bottles and breastfeeding should not be compared. There is so much more to breastfeeding than just the milk.”

KAREN

“I’m not 100% attachment parenting, but I nursed all 4 of my kids (13 months with the first, 20, 24, and 30 months for the others). So I guess that qualifies as “extended breastfeeding”. The cover is intended to be shocking, and does the issue of extended breast feeding a disservice by portraying it in a very unnatural way, bringing up emotional reactions that make it difficult for people to be reasonable. But reactions sell magazines, I guess.

I would like to respond to the people who say that “once they can walk or ask for it, they shouldn’t be nursing”. So, once they can say “baba” for bottle, do you wean them to a cup? My kids all walked between 9-11 months old. So I should automatically wean them but it is ok for the mom whose baby doesn’t walk till 18 months to keep nursing? Ridiculous. Motor and speech skills are in no way indicative that nursing is no longer beneficial or normal. All it means is it makes YOU more uncomfortable to watch because you are hung up on breasts being sexual and not wanting to look all “third world”. They are still babies. It’s your hang-ups that make it seem “wrong” to nurse a baby that can walk.”

What are your thoughts about the article? Share in a comment below.

By: Amy O’Malley RN, MSN

Recently, I attended Medela’s 7^th International Breastfeeding and Lactation Symposium to learn about new breastfeeding research. The presenters explained new findings about the components and benefits of breastmilk, as well as, introduced new information about the way a breastfeeding mother’s body works. These findings were not only educational for the healthcare professionals in attendance, but this information when shared with mothers will  motivate them to continue to breastfeed longer.

Specifically, the presenters focused on three notable areas of research:

• The effect of a mother’s medications on breastmilk
• The unique properties of breastmilk that make it impossible to replicate in formula
• The presence of stem cells in human milk

Medications and Breastmilk

Thomas Hale, R.Ph., Ph.D., a Professor of Pediatrics and Assistant Dean of Research at Texas Tech University School of Medicine spoke about medications and breastmilk, a topic that has always been a concern for breastfeeding mothers. He estimated that only about 33% of available drugs have specific information about how they interact with breastmilk. So, Hale and his team began researching the transfer mechanism of drugs into breastmilk. This initial research showed that not all medications need to be stopped while breastfeeding, and in some cases, effective alternatives can be taken. This is great news for moms who need to take medications while breastfeeding, specifically those who take anti-depressants.

Unique Properties of Breastmilk

Lars Bode, Ph.D., an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics from the University of California explained that complex sugars found in breastmilk, called oligosaccharides, can not be replicated in formula. This supports the finding that formula-fed, mainly pre-term babies are six times more likely to have inflammatory bowel disease than breastfed babies.

So moms, keep up the great work. You truly are providing the best nutrition possible.

Stem Cells in Breastmilk

University of Western Australia doctoral candidate Foteini Hassiotou talked about how the stem cells found in breastmilk are capable of becoming other body cell types such as bone, fat, liver and brain cells.  This is a potential solution to a long-standing political issue, meaning there could be an ethical way to obtain pluripotent stem cells in a non-invasive way. It’s particularly exciting for nursing moms because these cells could contribute to more health benefits for baby.

Read on for more details on this new breastfeeding research.

What do you think of these findings? Share your thoughts in the comments below.

Breastfeeding moms are always happy to hear that many health insurance companies cover the costs of a breastpump and other breastfeeding-related supplies and services. In order to receive these benefits, it’s important that moms understand their benefits and communicate effectively with their insurance company.

When it’s time to reach out to your insurance company, keep the following tips in mind.

Do your research. Your insurance company or your employer’s benefits department can give you a policy handbook with specific details about your coverage. You can also find information on the company’s website. Most insurance companies also have a trained customer service department available to answer any initial questions you may have.

Have specific questions in mind. As you do your research, put together a list of questions you plan on asking. This will help prepare you for your conversation and ensure you don’t forget to address certain questions. You can start with some of the breastpump coverage questions we have prepared on our website.

Be confident. You have every right to thoroughly understand your benefits, so don’t be shy. Ask as many questions as you need. There are trained employees whose job is to make sure you understand your coverage. If you are unhappy with your experience, ask to speak with a supervisor. You don’t need to take “no” for an answer; besides, it’s your and your baby’s healthcare you’re talking about.

Document all communication. Whether it’s over the phone or via email, note the details of your conversation, date and the representative you spoke with. Also, keep copies of any written communication. That will help protect you if there are ever any discrepancies between conversations.

Get assistance. In many cases, your employer’s HR department determines the extent of your insurance coverage; so don’t hesitate to ask them for help in the process. Their support may help with final approval of the coverage. Also, it may be beneficial to have your Lactation Consultant or healthcare provider reach out to the insurance company, as well. They will be able to speak to your medical needs and help to justify the coverage.

Pay attention to details. We understand this process can seem overwhelming, but providing detailed and accurate information will help expedite the process. Errors and missing information in forms and communication will only delay potential approval.

Did your insurance company cover a breastpump or other lactation products or services? Share any tips you have in the comments below.

Cradle Hold

This position requires you to be sitting upright in a chair with a sturdy armrest or pillow to support your elbow. Hold your baby so that his/her head is cradled within your elbow. He/she should be positioned on her side, so his/her whole body is lying across your abdomen. Then, use your forearm to support his/her back and neck.

This is a very natural position, and is a great option for full-term babies who have developed some strength to support their own head. If you had a cesarean section, you may find this position uncomfortable until you are fully healed. Until then, you may consider one of the other positions below.

Cross-Over Hold

This position is very similar to the cradle hold, but you use your hand to support your baby’s head, instead of your elbow. Place your thumb and fingers behind your baby’s head to help guide her head to your breast, while holding her close to your body with your other arm.

This position is ideal for smaller babies who may have latching problems. It allows you to control the positioning of your baby’s head to encourage a proper latch.

Clutch or Football Hold

You guessed it! With this position you hold your baby like a football or purse under your arm. Your baby should be facing you with her nose at nipple level and her feet wrapped around your body. Resting your arm on a pillow will help you support your little one’s back and neck with your forearm. With this position, use a C-hold and guide your baby’s mouth to your breast. Be sure to do this gently to avoid your baby tensing up and becoming fussy.

This position is most comfortable for moms who had a cesarean section, and would like to avoid their baby resting on their abdomen. This can also be beneficial to moms of twins, because it allows both babies to be fed simultaneously.

Side-lying or Reclining Position

This position allows you to breastfeed while lying down. To begin, lie on your side with pillows supporting your back and hips. Have your baby lying next to you, facing you at nipple level. Use either hand, based on your comfort level, to support your baby’s head and guide her mouth to your breast. Feel free to use additional pillows to position you or your baby, so it’s easy and comfortable to feed.

This position is great for moms who are recovering from a cesarean section or illness, as it allows you to breastfeed from bed. Many moms also choose the side-lying position for late-night feedings.

What breastfeeding position made you and your baby most comfortable? Share in the comments below.

Mastitis and plugged ducts are common breastfeeding problems, but by understanding the causes, you can treat and prevent these painful and uncomfortable conditions moving forward.

What causes a plugged duct?

It is possible for milk to back up in the milk ducts, if a mom is not emptying her breasts during feedings or when pumping breastfeeding. This can cause the tissue around the milk duct to swell and become inflamed, further limiting milk flow. This blockage is called a plugged duct. If you have a plugged duct, you may notice a tender bump on your breast that feels warm and swollen. If you begin to notice flu-like symptoms, your plugged duct may have become infected, leading to a condition like mastitis. If so, reach out to your doctor or healthcare provider to begin treating the infection.

How can I treat plugged ducts?

Keep breastfeeding! Although it may be painful, it is the best way to loosen the blockage and reduce inflammation. If it’s not too uncomfortable, have your baby nurse from your affected breast first. Typically, babies suck most vigorously at the beginning of a feeding, which will help to unclog the plugged duct. Before nursing, apply a warm compress to your breasts and massage the inflamed area, starting on the outside of the breast, working toward the nipple. This will help to open the ducts and relieve some of the discomfort. If your little one notices a difference in the milk flow and becomes frustrated, try pumping to help treat the plugged duct.

How can I prevent a plugged duct?

The best ways to prevent a plugged duct is to breastfeed often and take care of your body. By breastfeeding often, you’re helping to ensure milk is expressed completely and not left in the ducts. We know moms have busy schedules, but try to eat well, drink lots of water and get your rest.

What causes mastitis?

Mastitis is an infection or inflammation of the breast tissue caused by a plugged duct that has become infected or cracked nipples that have allowed bacteria to enter your breast tissue. In some cases, over-supply, ineffective breastfeeding or pumping, missed feeds, restrictive clothing, or bruising can cause mastitis. Moms with mastitis typically notice swelling, redness and pain, accompanied by flu-like symptoms such as nausea, fever and sometimes vomiting. Often times, the stress and exhaustion of becoming a new mother can hinder your ability to fight infection, so despite the busy times, try your best to take care of yourself, too.

How can I treat mastitis?

If you suspect mastitis, it’s best to reach out to your healthcare provider to begin treatment. Although breastfeeding or pumping may be painful, don’t stop. It will help to relieve the pressure in your breast, and ultimately help you feel better. Your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic to help fight the infection, and typically within 48 hours, you will begin to feel relief. Be sure to take the antibiotic for the number of days prescribed – don’t stop taking the antibiotic even if you are feeling better. Throughout this time, try to rest and use warm compresses to relieve discomfort.

How can I prevent mastitis?

You can prevent mastitis by breastfeeding often, taking care of your body, and keeping cracked or bleeding nipples clean. Avoid engorgement by breastfeeding or pumping frequently. If your baby had a shorter than usual feeding session, consider pumping afterwards to fully empty your breast. If you are going to be away from your baby for an extended time, be sure to pump or manually express breastmilk during the times you’d typically feed. Also, try to eat well and stay rested to give your body the strength to fight infection. Lastly, if you experience cracked or bloody nipples, consult with a lactation professional. Be sure to keep them clean and try to relieve the condition as soon as possible. For many moms, purified lanolin helps to soothe sore nipples and keep them moist

Did you experience plugged ducts or mastitis while breastfeeding? What treatment worked best for you? Share in the comments below.

Breastfeeding is one of the most natural connections between you and your baby, so it’s no wonder many moms choose to breastfeed in public. However, breastfeeding moms sometimes experience criticism for making that decision. It’s important to stay confident and know your rights about breastfeeding in public.

Laws About Breastfeeding In Public

45 states have specific laws supporting breastfeeding in public, some of which offer additional protection. Feel free to review the laws for your specific state, as it may bring added comfort in knowing the government supports your baby’s needs.

Responding to Breastfeeding Criticism

Unfortunately, public breastfeeding criticism does still exist in our culture, but don’t let that stop you. Here are some ways to respond if someone criticizes you or simply has a question about what you’re doing:

• Explain the benefits of breastfeeding and your commitment to providing the best nutrition for your little one (pssst – we have a long list of breastfeeding benefits).
• If someone is being rude or disrespectful to your baby’s needs, it’s ok to entirely ignore them. You know you’re doing what’s best for your baby, so don’t feel obligated to explain yourself.
• Calmly discuss differences in opinion, without accepting their criticism. Disagreements happen, so don’t be afraid to defend your values.
• Explain the demands of breastfeeding and how often you need to breastfeed in order to provide for your little one.
• Tell them that every family is different and this is what works best for your family.

Tips for Breastfeeding In Public

Some moms have questions about how to discreetly breastfeed in a public place. Here are some suggestions to try:

• Experiment with different loose-fitting shirts that allow for easy access to your breast.
• Try a breastfeeding blanket if it makes you more comfortable. Many wrap around your shoulders and cover your breasts while feeding.
• Keep your baby close with a baby sling. Many slings keep your baby in a natural breastfeeding position making it extremely easy to start breastfeeding on-the-go.
• Practice how you would breastfeed in public in the comfort of your home. Once you feel familiar, you can begin breastfeeding in other places outside of the home.

Moms, do you have any tips to add about breastfeeding in public? How do you manage breastfeeding criticism? Share your tips in the comments below.

You’re not alone – new mothers are returning to work in large numbers. It’s normal to feel sad when it’s time to go back to work after having a baby. However, try to look at returning to work with a positive attitude and seek support from other moms that have been through the same thing, maybe even in the same office. This support and positive attitude can help make pumping easier and make the transition back to work smoother.

Talk to other breastfeeding moms in your office. They will be a great support system as you adjust to pumping at work. They may even have some tips to share that worked well in your office environment. Pumping isn’t always easy when you’re balancing the demands of your job with the needs of your baby. It also may be reassuring to know that the government supports a working mother’s need to provide breastmilk to her baby. Employers are required to provide a reasonable break for mothers to breastfeed or pump, in a space other than a bathroom.  Support from other moms will help keep you calm and comfortable, allowing you to relax and pump as efficiently as possible. Remember, your supply often depends on your general health and stress level.

Keep photos and videos of your baby at work. Also, consider bringing an item of clothing or cloth that smells like your baby. These sensory experiences will help remind you of cuddling and caring for your little one and may make pumping at work easier. Those pleasant images and smells can also act as motivation to keep pumping, even on those busy days at work.

Support breastfeeding at home. Talk to your baby’s caregivers about your commitment to breastfeeding and how they can help support your hard work, even when you’re not there. Try Calma, a unique breastmilk bottle that mimics your baby’s natural feeding behavior, making it easier to transition from bottle to breast. With this bottle, milk will only flow when your baby creates a vacuum, similar to breastfeeding. Knowing your little one is getting the best care, while supporting breastfeeding will help to comfort you. Also, ask caregivers to feed your baby no later than an hour before you return home to pick him up. That way your baby will be ready to breastfeed right when you get home. Besides, who doesn’t love cuddling with their little one right when they walk in the door?

How did you stay positive while pumping at work? Share your advice in the comments below.

Being sick can really put a damper on your breastfeeding routine; however, in most cases, you can continue breastfeeding with the flu or a cold. So relax. There’s one less thing you need to worry about.

Why is it safe to continue breastfeeding while sick?

Breastmilk gives your baby the best protection against sickness. The protective antibodies it contains help your baby’s developing immune system fight off infection and illness. In most cases, if you have a contagious illness like a cold, flu or minor virus, your baby was exposed to it before you showed symptoms. So, just think you’re giving your baby the best chance to fight it off. On top of breastfeeding, make sure you still wash your hands often, avoid coughing or sneezing near them and put those kisses on hold for a few days (we know that can be tough).

When shouldn’t I continue breastfeeding?

Very few illnesses can be passed on through breastmilk, however it’s always best to check with your doctor to confirm. Some of these illnesses include HIV and septicemia (bacterial infection that has entered the bloodstream).

It’s important to note that not all medications to treat the cold and flu are compatible with breastfeeding. When speaking with your doctor, be sure to inform him or her of your wishes to continue breastfeeding. Also, contact your doctor before taking any new over-the-counter medications.

My supply dropped while I was sick. What can I do?

It is common for a mother’s supply to decrease while she’s ill, but typically it returns to normal once she is well. While you’re sick, continue to practice common tips to increase supply such as eating well, staying hydrated and pumping or breastfeeding often. This will help you maintain your supply throughout your sickness.

What was you’re experience breastfeeding with a cold or flu? Share in the comments below.