Microcontroller Embedded Design

AVR-IOT WG DEVELOPMENT BOARD

2020-10-11T20:22:00.003-07:00

AVR-IOT WG DEVELOPMENT BOARD

Introductions:

Requirements:

Objectives:

Methodology:

Summary:

Conclusions:

Micro Lidar + ROS + Arduino

2019-11-18T22:32:00.001-08:00

Introductions :

Objectives:

Requirements:

Methodology:

Summary :

Conclusions:

2WD/4WD ROS Controller Board

2019-11-18T22:12:00.002-08:00

Introduction:

This controller board is

Objectives:

Requirements:

Methodology:

Procedures

Summary:

Conclusions:

NanoPi ROS (NanoPi NEO Plus 2 + Robotic Operating System)

2018-04-03T01:42:00.000-07:00

Introduction:

Hello, here we are once again to tackle a very interesting topic- this time its about a single board computer which will be sufficient in compiling and running the entire package of Robotic Operating System (ROS) . I have given some times to figure out a kind of single board which has a power of computing ,enough memory (RAM) and GPU ready to lower the production price of our robots. To date, I see some failures posted on the internet that NanoPi M3 wasn't working with ROS my sympathy to them for the so called problem that lost their appetite and to totally ignore the board's potential. So, I urge my self a second opportunity of exploiting the problem and how to test NanoPi. If this board doesn't really work well on R.O.S then there is no doubt that it would have a "not good" impression(?) since the board was not so popular with the rest of the SBC brands in the market. I would charge it on my own technical experiences , for the benefit of the doubt so lets then give it a try.

So why NanoPi NEO Plus 2? Of course one simple answer is that I have tested it running other than that there is no reason choose this nano computer to be posted here. NanoPi SBC only cost 24$ , ran on a 64 bit mode of quad-core processor , can store data of 1GB DDR3 in its RAM including LAN and Wifi as its features. Compared to other single board computer in the market its price will really entice hobbyist for their robots. Comparing performance and cost will definitely give an advantage to this board to have a priority on imaging with ROS. A sort of computer platform with considerable performance and price it is worth than not trying it.

I would like to thank the linorobot(Juan Miguel Jimeno) community for this guidelines and other folks who are eager to contribute for learning,teaching and experimenting ROS for the geeks. Also , we want to promote Philippine Society of Computer Engineering through out the country and most of founders are Oragons. So much inspiration why we keep striving to cope-up with the global robotics . PSCoE believes its not too late to go with the race now and soon we are happy and we are heading further than our expectations.

Thank you guys!

Requirements:
Hardware:
NanoPi NEO PLUS 2
LAN Cable
Laptop/Desktop

Softwares:
Ubunto 16.04
ROS (kenetic)

Methodology:

1) We need to follow the steps on installing an image to NanoPI NEO Plus 2, in our installation here we preferred the Ubuntu-16.04-xenial-core
Link:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Yj3tXryBx6zksOOuTlm2iOT-IDSzUTTe

2) Please activate both LAN and WiFi Network communications, see to it that they can communicate each other in the network , so you may use ssh,ping and etc.

Link:
http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/index.php/NanoPi_NEO_Plus2

3) Lets us now copy some ROS installation guide, or you can compile all these command lines into a file script

3.a) Install dependencies
pi# sudo apt-get update
pi# sudo apt-get upgrade
pi# sudo apt-get install -y avahi-daemon
pi# sudo apt-get install -y openssh-server
pi# sudo apt-get install -y python-setuptools
pi# sudo apt-get install -y python-dev
pi# sudo apt-get install -y build-essential
pi# sudo apt-get install -y python-gudev

3.b) Install ROS package
pi# sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'
pi# wget http://packages.ros.org/ros.key -O - | sudo apt-key add -
pi# sudo apt-get update
pi# sudo apt-get -y install ros-kinetic-ros-base
pi# sudo apt-get install python-rosdep -y
pi# sudo `which rosdep` init
pi# rosdep update

pi# rosdep install --default-yes --from-paths . --ignore-src --rosdistro kinetic
pi# source /opt/ros/kinetic/setup.bash
pi# export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages

pi# echo "source /opt/ros/kinetic/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc
pi# source ~/.bashrc

3.c) Install ROS libraries
pi# source /opt/ros/kinetic/setup.bash
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-roslint
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-rosserial
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-rosserial-arduino
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-imu-filter-madgwick
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-gmapping
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-map-server
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-navigation

3.d) Install ROS available sensors libraries(LIDAR and cameras)
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-xv-11-laser-driver
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-freenect-launch
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-depthimage-to-laserscan
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-realsense_camera
pi# sudo apt-get install -y ros-kinetic-depthimage-to-laserscan

4) Create a catkin workspace(xentrinobot is just my own robot's alias)
pi# mkdir -p xentrinobot_ws/src
pi# cd xentrinobot_ws/src
pi# catkin_init_workspace

4.a) enter your catkin development inside this workspace
pi# cd ~/xentrinobot_ws
pi# catkin_make -j2
pi# source devel/setup.bash
pi# echo "source ~/xentrinobot_ws/devel/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc
pi# source ~/.bashrc

5)Connect NanoPi from your Computer(PC)
pi# ifconfig
pi# ssh pi@192.168.8.4
Use ROS between NanoPi and your PC

5.a) First, set IP Address to set hosts name.Then edit the file /etc/hosts with some editor.
pi# sudo vi /etc/hosts

5.b)Add these two lines and save it.
192.168.8.4 NanoPi
192.168.8.5 MyComputer

Note: This is just an example please change it as to what IP addresses that you have.

5.c) Check if the hosts is right by using ping

p# ping NanoPi

Please run roscore at NanoPi , in this example we use NanoPi as our computer on-boarded in a robot so it initialize as a master. Before starting roscore, export to ROS_HOSTNAME and ROS_MASTER_URI

p# export ROS_HOSTNAME=NanoPi
pi# export ROS_MASTER_URI=http://NanoPi:11311
pi# roscore

5.d) Then, using your developmental computer, export to ROS_HOSTNAME and ROS_MASTER_URI in your PC
robook# export ROS_HOSTNAME=MyComputer
robook# export ROS_MASTER_URI=http://NanoPi:11311

5.e) Now, you can see rostopic of NanoPi
robook# rostopic list
/chatter
/rosout
/rosout_agg

Remarks:

0) If some errors occur , please try to look a missing package that are need to be installed or compile.

1) if using a single board computer please make a lesser thread during the catkin compilation "catkin_make -j 2 , one or two threads will do for that purpose.

2) If catkin_make is not recognize , try to use source /devel/setup.bash for its workspace initialization

3) For RPLIDAR undetected usb/serial port , possible issue is the un installed usb driver ( https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/release-notes/Linux_CP210x_VCP_3.x.x_4.x.x_Release_Notes.txt)

Try this link with your verified e-mail :
pi# sudo apt-get install libusb*
pi# wget https://www.silabs.com/documents/login/
software/Linux_3.x.x_4.x.x_VCP_Driver_Source.zip

3.a) Support for the CP2010N

NOTE:
This driver is an example of how to perform GPIO operations within the CP210x driver since the driver on kernel.org does not support GPIO at this time. This driver has only been written and tested on the Linux 3.13.0 kernel on Ubuntu 14.04. This driver is a modified version of the existing driver in the Linux 3.13.0 kernel, which is maintained at kernel.org. It is recommended to use the driver there that matches your specific kernel version: www.kernel.org

3.b) Build instructions:
Ubuntu:
1. make ( your cp210x driver )
2. cp cp210x.ko to /lib/modules//kernel/drivers/usb/serial
3. insmod /lib/modules/4. insmod cp210x.ko

3.c) GPIO example:
This shows how to use the two IOCTLs to set GPIO state.

3.d) Build instructions:
1. g++ cp210x_gpio_example.c -o cp210x_gpio_example
2. ./cp210x_gpio_example

Summary:

Conclusion:

IOT Embedded boards are used also in ROS
NanoPi Boards are no joke

Arduino Starter kit (K12 STEM)

2017-03-13T06:03:00.002-07:00

Arduino RFID Kit

UNANG KABANATA

Mga pangunahing talata
Magandang pagkakataon sa lahat ng mga nagbabasa sa blog na ito dahil sa ngayun ay minabuti ng inyong lingkod na magsulat patungkol sa wastong pagamit ng RFID training kit. Ang kit na maaring nyong gamitin para mapag aralan ang pag buo ng sirkito ng ibat ibat pyesa,modules sa electronics ng Arduino Microcontroler kit. Mahalaga ang kit na ito para sa mga nagnanais na matuto ng Electronic Circuits, Microcontroller Programming at Digital Design, na maari ring pakinabangan sa iba pang application para sa mga project sa highschool .Ang panimulang kaalaman sa Arduino kit ay may natatanging gamit din tulad halimbawa sa Digital design, robotics at iba pang mga inmportanteng interface at simulation sa computer. Para maging madali ang mga gagawing hakbang para matutunan ito, kinakailangan malaman at maintindihan ang mga nakalistang kagamitan para mainam na maisagawa ang mga nasabing experimento.
Ang layunin ng blog na ito ay upang makapag ambag ng kaalaman sa abot makakayang teknical na mensahing maipapaunawa sa mga taga subaybay. Isa na sa mga ito ang grupo ng ating mga kaguruan at mag aaral sa antas ng K11 at K12, ito ay tumutukoy sa STEM na kanilang pag aaralan ay makatuong at magamit ang Arduino para lubos na maintindihan ng ating mga kasamang kabataan ang tulay sa pagawa ng makabagong teknolohiya .

Sya nawa :)

PANGALAWANG KABANATA

Mga kinakailangan
Fritzing Circuit Simulator ang software na kakailanganin sa pag desinyo at pag lalarawan ng mga circuito halimbawa na ang mga koneksyun at pag kakabit kabit ng mga pyesa sa arduino.Sa link na ito maaring ma download ang software

http://fritzing.org/download/

Arduino IDE ay ang software na gagamtin natin para maisulat at pagnahin ang program.May dalawang pag pipilian para magamit ang software : pwede itong i-install sainyong computer o kaya sa online pwede ng mag compile ng inyong soure code(program)

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

Arduino UNO Starter o RFID Training kit, ang kabuohang ng mga pyesang gagamitin sa pag buo ng isang experimento sa

Arduino Starter Kit

PANGATLONG KABANATA

(Mga kagamitan sa pagbuo ng proyektong oCirkito)

Arduino UNO R3 ito ang maliit-na controller or micro-controller ,isang electronic na pyesa na pumapareho sa sa functionalities ng ordinaryong kompyuter. Bagaman walang makikitang monitor ,keyboard ,mouse at ano mang parte katulad ng ordinaryong Kompyuter, ang isang pag kakatulad nito ay pwede itong malagyan ng -program .Kung may software na ginagawang program sa Kompyuter , may firmware naman sa micro-controller. Ang firmware ay ang program na isinalin sa lenguahe na maiintindihan ng elektronic na makina isa na dito ang maliit na controller -Arduino UNO. Ang firmware ay may pasunod sunod na mga kautusan para magamit ang mga port na terminal halimbawa ipasok ang signal o ilabas ang signal sa mga pin terminal nito na kung susuriin ay pwedeng may voltahe or wala.

7 segment display

Seven segment Display , ang pitong segment na ito ay maliit na butil ng ilaw na kung nabubo nagkakaroon ng hugis numero. Dahil dito sa ganitong resulat , maari na tayong gumawa ng program para maipakita ang mga numerong kumokurte sa ilaw. Isa sa mga gamit nito ang mga palamuti sa pag dispay ng pag bibilang o counter .Madalas natin itong makita sa mga banko na nag aayos ng mga hanay ng mga customer nila para sa isang transaksyun sa pag iimpok.

Variable Resistor

Vaiable Resistor , ay isang pyesang kaparehas ng gamit ng resistor maliban na lang sa kakayahan nito na magkaroon ng ibat ibang resistance ng isang cirkito.Maitutulad ito sa dalawa o higit pang nakakabit na mga resistor , na sa bawat pag pihit ay magkakaroon ng pag liit o pag laki ng resistensya nito sanhi ng pag babago sa pag daloy ng kuryento sa isang dugtungan ng cirkito. Adhustable o nababago ang resistance depende sa biasing o pag titimpla sa kuryenteng kinakailangan ikarga o ilagay sa isang cirkito. Halimbawa kung ang kakayahang resistensya nito sa kuryente ay simula sa wala o singkwenta 0 to 50 ohms , pwede dito ang laki o liit na umaayon sa wala o limampong kayang resistensyang maibibigay nito para baguhin ang pagdaloy ng kuryento sa isang cirkito.

Resistor

Resistor , isa sa gamit at epekto ng pyesang ito ay ang limitahan ang dumadaloy na kuryente o voltahe sa cirkito. Ang uri ng materiales sa pyesang ito nag hahadlang at nag pipigil para tumakbo ang butil ng mga electron sa loob nito. Sa ganitong pang yayari nababawasan ang anumang lakas nd electrisidad sa kinakabitan nitong cirkito. Gamit ito sa maayos na pag babahagi ng kuryente o pag palakas naman sa voltahe maikakabit dito.Walang itong polarity , pwede dumaloy ang electron dito sa anumang direksyun , subalit ang kakakayahan nitong pumigil ng daloy ng kuryente ay sya ring mapanganib kapag hindi ito masyadong sumakto o mali ang calkulasyon ng color coding nito.Dahil pumipigil sya sa kuryente at kung magkakamali sa bilang ng resistance nito ay maaring magkasanhi ng pag init o pag kasunod ng pyesa.

Capacitor

Capacitor , ang pyesang ito ay may capasiad o kakayahang kumrga ng voltahe at kuryent galing sa sa isang elektric source nito. Dahil sa uri ng sangkap sa pag kakabuo ng semi-conductor na ito (isang pyesang kinakailangan ang isang elektrisidad para gumana ito ). Sa kadahilanang ito , ang pag kakarga nya ng enerhiya o lakas ng kuryente o voltahe , nagagawa nitong panatilihin ang kinakailangang lakas sa isang cirkito. Subalit depende sa klase ng gamit nito na kung minsan kailangan suriin ang polarity ng koneksyun nito na katulad din ng isang baterya. Anumang kamalian ng + positive o -negative na pin terminal nya ay mag sasanhi ng pagkasira nito at ang iba pa mismong nakakabit dito, maaring masunog o sumabog ito ,kaya kailangan talagang masuri muna ang uri ng kapasitor na gagamitin o ikokonekta sa cirkito

Breadboard

Breadboard ito ang isang kagamitan kung papano unang binubuo ang pag plano o pag desinyo ng cirkito. Madami itong nakahanay na maliit na butas ,dito ipinapasok ang mga kawad para maikabit kabit ang naitanging koneksyun. Isa sa mga bentahe o lamang na pagamit nito ay madaliang pag buo at pag kalas ng disenyo ng circuito. Nakakatipid din ito sapagkat di na kailangan maghinang ng mga kawad para maisakatuparan ang magiging resulta inaasam sa cirkito. Sa ganitong pag kakataon, kinakailangan natin ang experimental board o breadboard dahil sa mag pag aaral natin sa kit na ito.

Dupont jumper wire

Kawad ito ay ginagamit na linya ng koneksyun ng isang elektronik na pyesa kung papaanong ikinakabit sa iba pang pyesa o parte ng cirkito. May iba-iba itong haba lapad at laki na naaayun sa kinakaliangan gamit , pakakatandaan na habang lumalaki ang kuryente lumalaki din dapat ang hibla nito . Sa ganitong setup malabis nating gamiting ang dupont wire na makikitang sa larawan.

Buttons

Buttons isa ang pyesang ito sa palaging magagamit sa pag
experimento ng ating mga gagawing cirkito. Ang isa sa gamit ng buttones na ito ay ang pag kakaroon ng kontak o koneksyun kapag ito ay na pipindot or na pi-pisil(press). Samakatuwid pwede nating i apply o magamit ang isang signal sa isang konkesyun na gusto nating ikabit o ilagay sa isang actibong pyesa ia na dyana ng maliit na controller o Arduino UNO.Marami ang ibat ibang disenyo nito , maaring sa kulay , laki at hugis din. Kung mapapansin natin ito ay may mahigit dalawa pang paa , depende sa kung ilang koneksyun ay kaya nyang pagdutungin .

PANG APAT NA KABANATA

Mga pamamaraan:
Saro) Kumpletuhin dapat muna ang mga pyesang mga kinakailangan sa project experiment.Mas mainam din na pag aralang mabuti ang mga kuniksyon polarity (+ - GND) ng bawat pin o terminal ng pyesa. Ito ay nasa drawing ng Fritzing simulator o kaya sa schematic diagram na planong bubuin.

Duwa) Sa pag program, maari na lamang munang gamitin ang mga source code na gamit halimbawa sa mga gagawing experimento.Ito ay kasama na sa Arduino Software kapag na install na.

Tulo) At kapag gumana na ang program maari na itong tipakin o baguhin ayun sa gusto kalalabasan ng ating experimento o dili kaya ang desinyo ng ating proyekto.

PANGLIMANG KABANATA
(Mga Pangunahing Pyesa sa Elektronik )
Mga gagawing project sketch:
I) Ang pag papailaw ng LED at pag papatunog sa Buzzer

Saro) Tamang koneksyun ayun sa schematic diagram

Duwa)Pag gamit ng source sa halimbawa ng Arduino Softwares

Tulo)Pag titipak o pag debug para sa ibang output ng program

Apat) Sa pagtatapos ng proyetktong ito,kinakailangan matutunan ang mga sumusunod.

-Tamang polarity o signal ng supply na galing sa Arduino ang GRND (-) at VCC ang (+) na syang pag kakabitan ng dalwang kawad ng LED.Kailangan ito para di masira ang Arduino at ang LED dahil kapag magkaiba o baliktad ito ay magsasanhi ng pag init na ikakasira ng alinmang pyesa magkakabit.
-Ang pag pili ng sample code na kasama na sa software ng arduino
-Ang tamang pag tuklas sa kaayusan(data structure) at pag sunod sunod(algorithm) ng program.Ang kakayahang baguhin source code para mapag aralan ang mga ibat ibang maaring kalalabasan ng program ito ay literal na makikita sa ibat ibang pagpatay at sindi ng ilaw.

II) Ang pag patunog ng buzzer,
Saro) Sa susunod na proyektong ito , ay kailangan lang mapag aralan ang pag kabit ng buzzer sa terminal ng arduino at ito ay walang pinagkaiba sa pinagkaibitan ng LED.

Duwa) Katulad ng dating source code sa experimento sa pag pa blink ng LED

Tulo) Katulad ng pag babago ng source code sa pag papailaw ng LED

Apat) Parehong anaylisis .

PANGANIM NA KABANATA
(Mga actuator at motor )

III) Pag papaikot sa Motor , sa stepper motor at servo motor

Servo motor(may feedback)

DC motor(walang feedback)

IV) Ang pagpaikot sa stepper motor, ito ang motor na umiikot alinsunod sa pulso ng signal o voltahe. Ang pa bugso bugso lakas ng kuryente at boltahe na nag bibigay pwersa para ito umikot clockwise o kabalitan na ikot.

Saro)Mapapansin ang nakakaibang dami ng wires na nakakabit sa stepper motor, at ito ay naiiba sa pangkaraniwang koneksyun ng ordinaryong motor lamang.Pansin ang mga kinakabitan ng kawad galing sa arduino at stepper motor.

Duwa)

Tulo)

PANGPITONG KABANATA
(Mga analog at digital na sensors )

V)Sensor sa pagsukat ng halumigmig at temperatura ng isang bagay.
Ang DHT11 ay ang pyesang kasama sa kit na magagamit para masukat
kung gaano mamasa masa at kainit ang isang spasyo o bagay

Saro)Tiyakin ang pag kakabit ng sensor sa kawad tungo sa header pin ng arduino

Duwa)Mapansin nyo ang mga pins na nag bibigay ng tanda kung saan ang kawad ng sensor ay ikakabit sa pin ng arduino

Tulo)Simpleng pag babago lang sa katumbas na bilang ng antala sa pag basa
ng tanging halumigmig at temperatura

Apat) Sa pagtatapos ng proyetktong ito,kinakailangan matutunan ang mga sumusunod:

-Tamang pag kakabitan ang kawad ng DHT sensor.Kailangan ito para matiyak na maayos na dadaloy ang signal para mabasa ng Arduino ang data sa DHT module.
-Ang pag pili ng sample code para sa sensor na kasama na sa software ng arduino
-Ang tamang pag tuklas sa configuration ng pin o terminal.Ang kakayahang baguhin source code para mapag aralan kung paano katiyak o kahalaga ang mga bilang na mababasang maglalarawa sa lakas o hina ng temperatura at halumigmig.

PANG WALONG KABANATA
(Mga palarawan o display )

VI) Ang pagamit ng Liquid Crystal Display o LCD sa pag display ng output na literal na makikita sa screen nito. May laki at dami ng mga letrang alphabets ang kaya nitong ipakita na sapat sa screen nito. Ang modelo ng LCD ay 16x2 ito ay may dalawangpo na letra (20 characters) sa bawat hilera(row) na idi-display.
Saro) Ang schematic ng LCD 16x2 at ng Arduino.

Duwa)

Tulo)

VII) Ang pagamit ng Dot Matrix, ito ay isa na namang pyesa para sa pag papalabas ng characters o anong hugis ayon sa program na ko-control dito gamit ang arduino. Kaya ito tinawag na dot matrix , ay sa dahilang mga tuldok na ilaw nakalagay dito, na bumuo sa kwadrong laki display. Malaman ang matrix nito na sukat sa bawat haligi na may hilera tuldok ng ilaw (column x rows). Halimbawa sa bawat 10 o sampong haligi ay may sampong tuldok na nakalagay, ibig sabihin ang kabuohang ilaw ay 10x10 o sandaang tuldok na iilaw at gagawa ng hugis at image na literal na makikita sa kwadro.

Saro)

Duwa)

Tulo)

PANG SIYAM KABANATA
(Proyektong gamit ang RFID module )

VIII) Experimento patungkol sa pag babato at pagtangap ng data gamit ang RF ID modules.Ang RF ID o Radio Frequency Identification Data modules ay magagamit natin para tuklasin ang pagbabato o pagtangap ng data na walang kawad o direktang nakakabit sa pagitan ng nag hahagis ng data signal patungo sa tagapagtangap nito. Ito ay dahil sa Radyo signal na bagaman di natin makikita subalit ang kabuoang lakas nito ay kaya nating maramdamang pisikal.

Saro)

Duwa)

Tulo)

...Ipagpapatuloy....

Arduino + Speech Recognition (Annyang / Jasper/pocketsphinx)

2017-01-23T06:31:00.002-08:00

Introduction

Requirements:

Procedures:

sudo apt-get install git
sudo apt-get install automake
sudo apt-get install libtool
sudo apt-get install bison
sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install swig
sudo apt-get install make
sudo apt-get install pkg-config
git clone https://github.com/cmusphinx/sphinxbase.git
cd sphinxbase
./autogen.sh
make
sudo make install
cd ..
git clone git://github.com/cmusphinx/pocketsphinx.git
cd pocketsphinx
./autogen.sh
make
sudo make install
cd ..

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

Using PocketSphinx
Now just upload a wav file to your working directory. Note: Wave file needs to be mono channel, normalized, and 16000 sample rate.

Use this to convert quickly online: http://audio.online-convert.com/convert-to-wav

ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -acodec pcm_s16le -ac 1 -ar 16000 output.wav

To convert all mp3 files in a directory in Linux:
for f in *.mp3; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -acodec pcm_s16le -ac 1 -ar 16000 "${f%.mp3}.wav"; \

Without Timing

pocketsphinx_continuous -infile sample.wav > decode-result.txt
With Timing

pocketsphinx_continuous -time yes -infile sample.wav > decode-result.txt

Methodology

Remarks

Conclusions:

Nano Pi NEO AIR

2016-12-04T22:10:00.002-08:00

NanoPi NEO Air

Introductions:

It was for a while that I did not post anything about single embedded board, but there were lots of stuffs which so intriguing to be tried and tested.It is just racing the different features of miniaturization,cost, compact form factors and of an IOT gadgets. NodeMCU wifi series such as ESP-1-14 version,which gave a slot for a cheaper or affordable price for IOT modules,also, lets add Orange Pi,BanaPi,M1-M2.Some smaller PC also were launched from the west Raspi Zero,Cherry computer and the rest of industrial grade tiny computer which are vying competitions in the enthusiast market.

Just recently, FriendlyArm company, pioneering the design of single board computer or embedded p.c. had launched their new NanoPi Series, which enticed compact and minute boards design yet including the new technical specs of their current rivals.Its a tiny PC for IOT, with price that is equivalent of a blue tooth modules 7$ to 15$ . In addition they also produced 64 bit of Octa-core CPU in a single board, thus enhancing the power of super computing at a very minimal price challenging the next version of RPi3. :)

So lets identify this new challenger seeking for the best spot of IOT modules in the geek world.NanoPi NEO and its series is small, square board, blue soldermask, ⌀3mm mounting holes in the corners. USB type-A, Ethernet jack (with integrated magnetics) and four-pin header for UART/power near one of the edges, microSD and USB micro-B at opposite edge mounted on top side, 12 and 24 GPIO pin headers (not fitted, pads only) near other edges. Allwinner H3 and single DDR3 chip mounted on the bottom. Sticker indicating amount of RAM is placed on the Ethernet jack. This device can also be ordered without USB and Ethernet soldered or you have an option for a built in wifi and eSD 8GB for a NanoPi Air.

So lets start it , roll out the text,boot it up and configure it on our own accords.

Requirements:
Hardware: NanoPi NEO/Air
Software: Ubunto Core with Qt embedded ,eMMC eFlasher image

Objectives:
Use to operate functions of a NanoPi
Use a tiny module of computer for IOT application
Use NanoPi NEO/Air via web controlled access

Procedures:
1) Solder terminal pins in the debug serial port of a NanoPi NEO + Air
Gently solder a tiny PCB pad with caution.

2) Download NanoPi NEO Air images
https://www.mediafire.com/folder/sr5d0qpz774cs/NanoPi-NEO_Air

nanopi-air-core-qte-sd4g.img.zip	Ubuntu core with Qt Embedded
nanopi-air-eflasher-sd8g.img.zip	eflasher image which can be used to Flash image files to eMMC

3) We will install these images using the flasher utility. I've used windisk32image-xxx ( https://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/),to flash image files in the TF card.

Booting from a TF card Ubuntu Core: 3.a) By selecting the TF card drive (E,F,G),and browsing the image file location then click the "write" button-then it will flash the image to TF card

Booting from an eMMC eFlasher image: 3.a) By selecting the SF card drive (E,F,G),and browsing the image file location ,click the "write" button to flash the image to eMMC.

4)Connect NanoPi NEO Air to your PC using any TTL-USB Serial module(FTDxx,CPxx ). At this moment, use the eFlasher images to avoid future problem in network address configurations.

5) Download a serial console software ( I've used Putty in Ubuntu)
Download putty
#sudo apt-get install putty

6) Since we dont have a video(VGA/HDMI) display, a putty generated console requires a correct serial configuration for NanoPi Air screen outputs.
# sudo putty -serial -sercfg 115200,8,n,1,N

7)Open the serial console to observe scrolling text until....
#FriendlyArm Login:
Username is "root" and password is "fa"

8) After logging into the console, extend rootfs section through NEO Air running UbuntuCore.
#sudo fs_resize

Please type "y" to start re-sizing the file system and a second "y" then the system will automatically reboot. After the reboot check the new sections including block drives using this cli command.
#df -h

9)..and to see if NanoPi Air is running the four (4) x processors, issue this command in the cli console.
$cpu_freq

10) You may check the network and if not configure yet,please go to the path under the rootfs section.
# cd etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

11) Modify or change the content of the file "/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf"
#vi /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
network={
        ssid="YOUR-WIFI-ESSID"
        psk="YOUR-WIFI-PASSWORD"
}

12) To make the eMMC bootable even when there is no TF card .Running eFlasher utility command can flash Ubuntu-core to eMMC
# flash_eMMC.sh -d /mnt/sdcard/Ubuntu-Core-qte/
..after a successful eMMC flashing, this info is displayed
#INFO flash system to eMMC success

13) Save and reboot
# updatedb
#reboot

14) Check the new configuration.
Hence , you can now proceed to additional installation
either via serial console or network ssh
#ssh root@IP_address

NanoPI Air web system monitoring
http://ip_address:8888

Summary:

Conclusions:
NanoPi Air is the smallest complete "Rockstar Server" in Diliman, Quezon City :)

Controller 3D Printer...

2015-12-20T17:58:00.001-08:00

OpenCV -Arduino

2015-12-20T17:57:00.001-08:00

e-Gizmo 10644

2015-12-20T17:56:00.002-08:00

Buko Pi (Re-Inventing the Pi)

2014-07-09T22:27:00.003-07:00

Introduction:

I am a Linux enthusiast with more than a decade of experience in an embedded hardware/Software hobby, and a passion for an open source design as well. It is just a time to explore the vast possibilities of resources that the open community had shared to everybody. In my case, am willing to partake the computing industry-why? simple, all of us need computers from toys,tablet to high end servers.

I do want to uphold the vision of Raspberry Pi(Banana Pi) project, and other similar ARM allwinner make CPUs.Thus, I like to reinvent the Pi with better hardware and software specifications plus a DIY and experiment tutorials .See for example why use TV output for display when there are more available VGAs and HDMI hardware ? Why only use an OS where in a kernel compilation can embed code as built in function/s and make it stand alone device(its a monster MCU) ? And it's not only the removable SD card but it also includes SATA port .This Buko Pi can boot up with variety of OS flavours such as Debian Linux, Raspbien, Android, Arch Linux and so on. Well, since Microsoft had stopped Windows XP support cracker are invited all around the cyber to crack it and see if we can port the system as what Windows RT did.

So Buko Pi, is a very promising development board as there are more applications awaits to be deployed and implemented. As long as Allwinners ,Rockchip,Linaro and other companies had opened their development in the community; to those geeks who are willing to innovate something for the usage of embedded system-its a big grace to thank for.

My vision is to start with low-cost and more hardware capabilities of Buko Pi that will suits to the need of academic community ,then we could foster lots of contributions in the industrial,agricultural or in the scientific fields from time to time. At least here in the archipelago; and so, be it happen folks!

Requirements:

Software:
Ubuntu/Debian Image
https://github.com/LeMaker

Hardware
Buko Pi
SD Card/Sata Drive

Objectives:
1) To test and enhance a dual core A20 development board
2) Use Buko Pi for Linux (debian,Fedora,etc ) OS
3) To use Ubuntu applications

Details:

1) Buko Pi Development board

2) Buko Pi Operating system's compilation

Summary

Conclusions:

Getting to know Buko Pi

( RK3188/MK809 ) Embedded Web Server

2014-06-01T17:27:00.000-07:00

Introductions:

For now, it is good that there are so many XBMC, mini-PC, dongle and stick available online. Local hobbyists are becoming very much more enthusiastic to learn new embedded system behind gadgets. To the younger generations,their interest and excitements show about popularity of techno hobby in our country. Well ,this is a good indications of imminent R&D community , start-ups on the rise, and more electronic hobbyists contributing their experiences to operate and tweak this micro embedded PC. Who knows anyway ?

But my purpose is to have a cheaper computer that could saves a lot of cost , processing and external peripherals. A server for host testing and debugging which has a very minimal electricity consumption, portable,flexible and a pocket size computer. I have been testing my quad core micro server for a weeks now , and it gives me a very satisfying performance.So I decided to have a rough draft hoping to share technical information about implementing and deploying micro server using quad core Arm based mini stick pc.

By the way, I have discussed a while ago how to compile and flash kernel in the RK3188 /MK809 mini stick,just I need a little more screen shots for the additional details.http://cobecoballes-embedded.blogspot.com/2014/01/rk3188-minipc-booting-installing-linux.html .I will be posting here the steps and procedures how to use this RK3188 quad-core CPU as a complete host server, as usual we have the basic application software to use. Our operating system will be debian a lubuntu /Picuntu NAND based for RK3188 cpu, and the rest are: Apache2,Php5 and MySQL . Let us also try sample application ,like web program and some scripts ,just comment below for some tips and clarifications about the post.

Before anything else, I would like to thanks the cyber folks who have spent time to contribute a lot so that all the technical developments are open resources.

Thanks to all of you.

Requirements:

Hardware:
RK3188 mini stick (quad core ARM CPU)

Software:
Picuntu 4.4/4,5 or Lubuntu (RFS)
Apache ,Nginx ,PHP5, MySQL,TigthVNCserver
RKFlash

Objectives:
To compile , install and boot Linux-Ubuntu (13.4) in RK3188 Mini PC
To install Apache2, Nginx, Php5 and MySQL
To deploy sample web program

Methodology :

1) Download Picuntu 4.5 Nand Basic GUI image
http://www.g8.net/download/4.5/picuntu-4.5-basicgui-nand.7z

2) Using RKFlash flash the image (see to it the you are in a debug mode -OTG)
Please see to it that you have checked(/)
- Parameter
- Boot
- Kernel
-System
and unchecked()
Misc
Recovery
Back-Up

Erase Nand then Flash ROM

3) Access the new Picuntu (Lubuntu) OS
username:root
password: 12qwaszk

3.1) Connect to Wireless network (using menu or shell)
id:
key:

3.2) using shell network configurations
root@g8picuntu# vim /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback
iface eth0 inet dhcp

# could be wlan1 ,wlan2
allow-hotplug wlan0
auto wlan0

iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-ssid "wifi ssid"
wpa-psk "wifi password"

4) List of the download package
root@g8picuntu# vim /etc/apt/source.list

4.1) Update the package
root@g8picuntu# apt-get update

5) Install Apache2, Nginx, Php5 and Mysql

root@g8picuntu# apt-get install apache2 ,nginx,, mysql-server libapache2-mod-php5 libapache2-mod-rpaf php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php-apc php5-mcrypt

6.) Checking access through vnc
root@g8picuntu# apt-get install tightvncserver
root@g8picuntu# tightvncserver
password: "your password"

6.1) Access IP-address of client PC ,examples 192.168.1.15:1

7 ) Test sample program and lets get back to usual setting of an ordinary Linux box
root@g8picuntu# cd /var/www/

Details:

Details:

Details:

Details:

Summary:

Conclusions:

Minix NEO X5 booting in Linux(Ubuntu)

2014-02-26T23:53:00.000-08:00

Minix NEO X5

Introductions:

A couple of weeks ago ,I've noticed that a NEO X5 tv was still left unbox in the other corner of my cabinet ,so I sat down with my stuffs in my workbench and had a harder time of cracking Minix Neo X5 to function in Linux -Ubuntu.As what was expected,I should published blog before another Internet TV box will be ported in Linux OS(seemed I was obligated-huh!). Well, this could be a matter of re-orienting my e-hobby as I am rushing time for an activity which is so important than doing this one(itanung nyo na lang kay Igorota).But still, I decided to get all the bunch of paraphernalia -and there you have it now,a new cracked Linux OS for TV Minix box .

Actually it's a sort of personal desire ,as I want to do the cracking entirely in Linux (pls. no windows) , and its hard to find a complete DIY of booting Minix box solely in the said platform .So I started looking for a rkflashtool (Rockchip Flasher tools and firmware) that could be flashed into its NAND memory of Minix NEO X5 .As usual,the technique is to modify the code by first finding usb ID address referring to the dual-core RK3066(this time the NEO X5) ,then changing the line parameter of rkflashtool.c is required .Additional info is the filesystem used to have the Minix boot to both ubuntu and customized Picuntu .

This scratch article will discuss the boot process used on the Minix Neo x5, and some formats/contents of each NAND (aka ROM) partition.In this way,we can understand or manipulate the configuration of its build. Other geeks have a make up new 'rom's for the systems and produced these '.img's (recovery), and the documentation is here for those who want to get in on the cracking.

From the RK3066 Tech Ref Manual , the RK chip has a boot ROM and some default operations to look for suitable boot partitions on NAND and SDcard devices to power up things. Also, the boot code able to load the kernel and some root filesystem to start running OS. The system, cache, userdata and user are normal linux filesystems which can be done by mounting them in the SD card, boot is a compressed bootloader code, kernel is the binary executable loaded and executed, recovery for an option of dual OS loading (Ubuntu/Android)

Again, I would like to thanks the following geeks on the Cyber Web : view wizard,jps,olegk0,AndrewDB,Elona Dika and others for their contributions of booting NEO X5 in linux.This scratch article aims to share anyone the procedures ,source code, or a replacement build for the NAND partition images.

..............................enjoy the box build! -E^3

Requirements:
Hardware:
Minix NEO X5
PC running in Linux
OTG USB cable

Software:
Linux OS installed in your computer

rkflashtool
https://github.com/linuxerwang/rkflashkit

Ubuntu OS for the Minix NEO X5
https://googledrive.com/host/0BztHRbE8mM49TDc3WW1wMERUUkk/Ubuntu12.10_armhf_MINIXx5_CLEAN_ver0.1.tgz

Picuntu OS for the Minix NEO X5
http://cdn02.arctablet.com/mirrors/picuntu_home-io/

recovery image
https://googledrive.com/host/0BztHRbE8mM49TDc3WW1wMERUUkk/recovery.img

Objectives:
To install and boot linux(Ubuntu) in a Minix NEO X5
To enhance linux application using Minix NEO X5
To use Minix NEO X5 in a lowcost embedded computing projects

Methodology:

Step1: Flashing the firmware of Minix NEO X5
1) Find the necessary tools for flashing firmware image in the SD card

root@locahost# wget

https://github.com/justgr/arnova-tools/blob/master/rkflashtool/rkflashtool.c

2) Install the required USB software libraries in Linux OS
root@localhost#   sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libcrypto++-dev

3) Press down the recovery(reset) button using a paper clip or pin that can eject/push switch inside the tiny hole.

4) Power up the RK3066 device from only the OTG port using a standard usb cable

Note:
(special OTG cable required or shorting of the sense pins)
Please plugged the OTG-USB cable into your PC (running linux.)

5) After 5 seconds release the button; at this point check USB properties.
Run dmesg as you should see something liked detail 1

root@localhost# dmesg

6) Run lsusb and make note of the device id
root@localhost# lsusb
My Minix NEO X5 vendor ID is 2207:300a

7)A vendor ID should be inserted in rkflashtool.c as liked in detail 2
root@localhost# tar -zxvf rkflashtool.tar.gz
root@localhost# cd rkflashtool/
root@localhost# vim rkflashtool.c

8)Let's compile the rkflashtool.c using gcc
root@localhost#gcc -o rkflashtool rkflashtool.c -lusb-1.0 -O2 -W -Wall -s

Note:
We're now ready to read the flash(a moment of truth :) ).
As a first step you may dumped the entire 8GB NAND flash as a backup like so

9)To backup the whole NAND-it will take sometime.
root@locahost    rkflashtool r 0x00000000 0x01000000 > myflashbackup.bin

To quickly get an idea of where everything is in the flash you can run CLI command below . It will reveal the parameters which include the offsets for all images in NAND including boot, system and user.
root@localhost# hexdump -C myflashbackup.bin | more

10) To grab the kernel do the following:
root@localhost#    rkflashtool r 0x00004000 0x00004000 < minixkernel.img

11) To upload a new kernel do the following:
root@localhost#    rkflashtool e 0x00004000 0x00004000
root@localhost#    rkflashtool w 0x00004000 0x00004000 < recovery.img
root@localhost#    rkflashtool b

12) To have a dual booting with Android or Linux
root@localhost#    rkflashtool w 0x10000 0x8000 < recovery.img
root@localhost#    rkflashtool b

Step2:Partitioning the SD Card
Partitioning your SD Card
root@localhost# sudo apt-get install gparted*
root@localhost# gparted

1) Create an "ext4" partition
2) resize the partition atleast 5GB or larger
3) label it with "linuxroot"
4) Downloaded and untar file from the site
root@localhost# tar xvzf /PATH/ubuntu/picuntu.tgz -C /media/linuxroot/

Step3:Installations and booting
1) For wired network
root@localhost# nano /etc/network/interfaces

2) For wireless uncomment wireless network ,and in wpa-ssid put the name of your network and pasw
root@localhost# passwd dfasdf
root@localhost# iwconfig
root@localhost# reboot

3) Install Xubuntu interfaceroot@localhost# sudo apt-get update
root@localhost# sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

4) Install Gnome interface
root@locahost# sudo apt-get install gnome

5) Creating X11 folder
root@localhost# sudo mkdir /media/linuxroot/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
root@localhost# cp -r /PATH_TO_FILE/exynos5.conf
/media/linuxroot/etc/X11/xorrg.conf.d/

6) Get the exynos5.conf file
root@localhost# wget https://www.dropbox.com/s/locvo5eotzxjg13/exynos5.conf

7.Start Minix and enjoy the interface
a) Ubuntu
username: ubuntu /password: ubuntu
username: root/password: 1234

b) Picuntu
username: root / password: 12qwaszx
username: picuntu /password: 12qwaszx
MySQL username: root /password: 12qwaszx

Details:
Details(1)Please run the lsusb command

Details(2)After finding the vendors ID ,copy the highlighted code in the rkflashtool.c

Details(3)Next run the dmesg command to find vendors ID

Details(4) Linux logo indicates kernel proper loading

Details(5) Partitioning SD Card using gparted command

Details(6)CPU processing

Details(7)Completing the package installation

Details(8)Setting proxy

Details(9) IP address configuration (Wired /Wireless)

Details(10)Minix NEO X5 Desktop (Gnome)

Details(11) Running application in the box

Summary:
1) Need to enhance 2D/3D graphics accelerations

Conclusions:

This concludes that booting and running Linux in Minix NEO X5 equals computing performance of a traditional PC but differs in power consumptions .Another is the flexibility and robustness of the box yet with an affordable price as compared to any thin clients or single board PC .

Real-Time Data Aquisition online Graph (Arduino)

2014-01-13T00:54:00.003-08:00

Introductions:

Its been a while that we had posted here the different tutorials ,DIY ,How-tos that discussed embedded system.But this time we'll be dealing with web programming and simple database to log data and graph the corresponding informations on the web.We also solicited tips and ideas about web programming especially Java-scripting; and I would like to mention them: Sir Tito,Richard and Sir Val as my buddy of experts in the said field.

Besides, we've crawled the net to select which available graphing tools are easy to used and offer a lot of features . As we google all the tips & tricks pertaining to this topic, it seems that geeks have their different scheme and designs how they graph data in the internet.Well, it depends upon us which of which tutorials meet our appetite to do internet of things-web data logging. By downloading all the resources , I came up with a simple technique on how to classify procedures graphing/charting data on-line either simple or complicated.

A very good tips & trick to simplify the said system is to render the design and task into three procedures of simple open or close control system; and these are the following:

Input ---------------------------------------> Process -------------------------------------> Output

Input/s . These are the source of signals analogue /digital coming from your sensors or transducer .
In our discussion , temperature ,humidity ,light sensor signals.All these inputs are being feed trough an I/O communication port (rs232,i2C ,SPI ) of microcontroler (Arduino) .Our MCU will handles channelling and protocols before we proceed into the stage of processing.

Process. A stage where we contained , modify , grouped and the conversion of various formats of data .In this stage ,data type were already identified ,yet web protocols will decode it as as series of string like format of data.
In our discussion , data will be populated , stored and polled from MySql and update of its database sets only to the first row id. PHP script will echo rows of data queried by JavaScript .This row of data from record set will be parsed inside the html program .Therefore polled data serve as the parameter being process as a substitute to the coordinates of lines to be plot in the chart.

Outputs. A stage where data is being interpreted and results to a sensible and definitive informations.It could be further used as reference to the previous stages.In our discussion , we simply plot the data and produce a meaningful graph or chart.

So what are we waiting for? Get the code and start running until we can think another ideas that required us web programming and on-line data logging.Please follow the tutorials as enumerated below.

Cheers!

Note:
You may use the myC.c to simulate inputs from MySQL so that we can run the program without MCU at first.

Requirements:

Software:
Linux OS : Fedora/Ubunto
Flot library (http://code.google.com/p/flot/)
PHP5 /JavaScript
APACHE
MYSQL

simpleFlot.zip https://attachment.fbsbx.com/file_download.php?id=249896215178478&eid=ASulqPMaOsMEgZ1Thyo7RyqP-tVtElXuHqI-CToU6gi3MqouQbuXZARcHfM-gQ4zNIA&ext=1389676849&hash=ASsPAh2tYL_2Cn2o

Hardware:
PC Server: Xitrix i7 (optional)
MCU -Arduino Mega 2560

Objectives:
1) To store data coming from an Arduino based sensors using mysql
2) To poll stored data from mysql using PHP and JavaScript
3) To display the chart or graph o real-time data acquisition online

Methodology:
1) Download or installed all required softwares
root@localhost# yum install httpd* mysqld* php5*

3)Getting flot files
root@localhost# wget http://www.flotcharts.org/downloads/flot-0.8.2.zip
root@localhost# unzip flot-0x.x.zip
root@locahost# cd /flot/examples/realtime/

4) Data base using MySQL
...create database
mysql> create database sensorDB;
mysql> use sensorDB;

..create table
mysql> create table sensorData ( A integer not null, B integer not null);

..populate data
mysql> insert into sensorData(sensorid,Light) values(1,45);

..check simple schema
mysql> describe sensorData;

..check stored data
mysql> select *from sensorData;

5) Simulating data inputs in MySql using C
Compiling myC.c
root@localhost# gcc -Wall -o myC myC.c `mysql_config --cflags --libs`
root@localhost# ./myC

Details:

Details(0) Download site for flot software

Details(1) Web directory and files

Details(2) C program for MySQL

Details(3) PHP script to poll data from MySql

Details(4) JavaScript using Flot graphics libraries

Detail(5) CSS code

Details(6) Simulating input to mysql-C program

Detail(7) Web real-time chart/graph demo

Remarks:

Conclusions:
A simple start of graphing data online

RK3188(MK802IV) Bootloading & Installing Linux-PicUntu

2014-01-04T07:31:00.003-08:00

CS898 RK3188 Quad Core (1.8Ghz) : ceoOutlets

Introductions:
So now I got a quad-core TV stick please bare with me the excitement of hacking this gadget.Just recently , I did the tweaking of previous dual-core mini-stick OS from android to Linux and exploring its kernel was in-fact a great challenge of cracking skills-fortunately there were hints on the net.

Requirements:
PicUntu-1.4.5 -https://github.com/aloksinha2001/Linux3188/blob/master/picuntu-kernel-4.5.img
PicUntu file system-http://www.g8.net/download/picuntu-4-4.tgz
rkflashtool GUI based Linux-https://github.com/linuxerwang/rkflashkit
rkflashtool CLI based Linux -https://github.com/Galland/rkflashtool_rk3066
cs898 MK809/RK3188 mini PC stick

Objectives:
To install and boot Linux in the RK3188 mini PC-stick
To implement embedded single PC board with quad-core
To re-customized the size of Picunto software.

References:
1) http://www.freaktab.com/showthread.php?6930-PicUntu-4-4-Rootfile-system
2)http://www.freaktab.com/showthread.php?6803-Linux-for-RK3188-based-TV-boxes/page6

Details:

Details(1) Finding a new device ID

Details(1.a) rkflashkit GitHub site -"Galland"

Details(2.b): RKFlashTool CLI based

Details(2.c) Dump 3K3188 parameters

Details(3.a): Rkflashkit GitHub site -"linuxwang "

Details(3.b): selecting binary file for RKFlashTool GUI based

Details(3):Installed rkflasher appeared in the software center

Details(3) RKFlasher gui

.. to be continued....

Remarks:

Conclusions:

Controlling & Programming Raspberry Pi (GCC/G++)

2013-12-06T00:08:00.000-08:00

Introduction:
mysql in c
lpcap in c
serial in c
get time in c
raspberry Pi pure C

Requirements:

Hardware:
Raspberry Pi board version B
SD Card

Software:
Win32sdkimage
Raspberrian Image
Slitaz Image
Gcc/G++

Objectives:

Methodology:

Summary:

Remarks:

Conclusion:

e-Gizmo AVR32 GCC IDE:Bootloading &Programming

2013-11-05T19:20:00.001-08:00

AVR32 Module e-Gizmo

Introductions:

Hello Dabarkads;maybe a week ago or so that our familiar local geek's store (e-Gizmo) had cooked another gadget for us -a considerable cheap,powerful and fast MCU which has a promising wide applications.This is an AVR32 (AT32UC3L0128) with 50MHZ clock,SPI,I2C,128KB(Flash) and more in a sort dongle type of modular package .So let's again give some important tips & tricks of creating a gcc IDE using an Eclipse development environment. This post in my blog details the steps used to get gcc running in our own workspace. Unfortunately, setting up Eclipse as an environment to develop gcc is non-tasky. To tell you folks, having a GUI to some CLI based compilers such as SDCC,GCC/G++ (Unix) ,C/C++ is not any more a problem or hinder to simulate our code instead of a console interface. In this scratch article ,running the source program in an Atmel variants and other brand of MCUs could be made possible using eclipse IDE as a slight editor.We will discuss here the customization of an Eclipse C/C++ environment as a requirements of compiling source code fitted in our AVR32 board. An Eclipse editor needs an installed Atmel GNU tool chain: avrdude,avr32-gcc,avr-gcc and other required libraries to run/compile code in AVR32.

There are miscellaneous software programmer for AVR32 module:(1) Flexible In-system Programmer version III or FLIP3 (flip.3.x.xx.tar.gz) bundled with batchISP as tool to program parts containing an embedded Atmel ISP. This software has a version for both Linux and Windows OS See this article for further technical details: (1) http://datasheet.octopart.com/ATEVK1101-Atmel-datasheet-166485.pdf.(2)http://www.atmel.com/Imag /avr32studio_release_notea_2.6.0.pdf‎.

While in Linux ,(2) we can use DFU programmer as a replacement for FLIP3 in windows as well. It is a command line tool for for the flash memory on Atmel AVRs:AVR , AVR32 and 8051 based micro controllers which ship with a USB boot loader. Though DFU programmer is a command line tool it is very easy to install and use.Here is some further infos about DFU: (1) http://linux.die.net/man/1/dfu-programmer (2)http://www.technoburst.net/2013/04/atmel-dfu-programmer-tutorial-for-linux.html

Hence ,we only need an AVR32 module connected to our PC via USB-Serial interface-that's all our simple development for now.

Note:
All these utilities are free to download and can be run in Linux.

The author would like to acknowledge Sir Henry of e-Gizmo store for the samples of AVR32 module.Thank you very much Sir Henry & e-Gizmo staffs pinoy geeks owe alot of priceless stuffs from your company-Mabuhay! Kudos! Aja!

Objectives:
1) To create gcc IDE for AVR32 by using C/C++ Eclipse editor
2) To learn how-to program (compile,flash,fuse,boot-load) in an ATmel AVR32
3) To explore the potential use of AVR32 for variety of embedded applications

Requirements:

Hardware:
USB to Serial converter
e-Gizmo AVR32 module (http://www.e-gizmo.com/KIT/AVR32.html)

Software:
Linux OS : Ubunto /Fedora 1X

AVR32 plugin (UC32XX,AVR32 GNU tool chain,batchISP and more)
http://distribute.atmel.no/tools/avr32studio/releases/latest/

AVR32 GNU Tool chain (32/64 bit Linux)
http://www.atmel.com/tools/ATMELAVRTOOLCHAINFORLINUX.aspx
JAVA SDK Environment -installable in Linux Shell

Eclipse
http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/release/galileo/r

FLIP3
http://www.atmel.com/tools/flip.aspx
http://www.atmel.com/Images/flip_linux_3-2-1.tgz

DFU
http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/dfu-programmer/dfu-programmer/0.5.4/dfu-programmer-0.5.4.tar.gz

Miscellaneous Documents
http://www.atmel.com/devices/at32uc3l0128.aspx?tab=documents

Methodology:
1) Install avr-gcc compiler and other libraries
root@localhost# yum install gcc-avr avr-libc avrdude

2)Installing DFU programmer
root@localhost# yum install dfu-programmer

3) Install Java SDK
root@localhost# sudo apt-get install openjdk*

4) Download and install the Eclipse editor
root@localhost# sudo apt-get install eclipse-platform eclipse-jdt eclipse-cdt

5) Download and install AVR32 plugin
Click "Window" -> "Install Software" ->

6) Configure AVR32 (AT) setting in the GCC-IDE

7) Create a simple circuit configuration for the AVR32 module

8) Compile and run the program

9) Load the code in the AVR32 board

10) Test the expected output of the code in the AVR32 circuit

Details:

Detail(1) AVR32 GNU tool chain

Detail(2)Launching Eclipse editor

Detail(3) Eclipse Platform

Detail(4)AVR32 Plugin to Eclipse

Detail(5)AV32 Utilities and Tool chain

Detail(6) Installing AVR32 plugin (Utilities & Tools)

Detail(7) Restart to update Eclipse editor

Detail(8) AVR32 Software Licenses

Detail(9) Installed AVR32 utilities and tool chain

Detail(10) AVR32 Tool chain setting

Detail(11) Selecting a workspace

Detail(12) Device Selection

Detail(13)AVRdude configuration

Detail(14) Create a C/C++ source file

Detail(15) simple GCC-IDE (Non-Trivial)

Detail(16)AVR32 GCC IDE with sample code...

..to be continued

Remarks:
Software programmer options : FLIP3 or DFU (Linux)

Conclusions:
Just KISS (..keeping it simple and stupid)

Arduino MySQL connector (Arduino On-line/real-time DataBase)

2013-09-15T04:08:00.000-07:00

Introductions:

Sometimes when computing machines are becoming smaller and smaller,we cant deny the fact that its not only the processing capabilities that we must consider , but also the capacity to store data.Since we have discussed awhile ago the speed and efficiency of this small machine/s,let's also tackle ways on how to use them as client or server to save bulk of data.Traditionally , data logging in an embedded system should have a third party connector/s or hook-up interface linked to the computers or servers before micro-controllers are able to store bulked signals or raw data .A good example was MCU gathered signals which are fed to the serial port of a PC(server) then parse via PHP and dumped those data in mysql.Another example is dumping all data at the specified ROM built in to the MCU, but the former was a better recommendation.

Just recently, I've came up to a data logger system design , comprises of different transducers which are capable of detecting digital and analog signals considered as critical parameters inside the Data Center.To name those signals: light, humidity,temperature,sounds,distance and etc. Our Arduino functions as a controller to gather data , and its embedded program measures the equivalent units to represent the scale of data sense by these transducers.

In this scratch article, we will introduce a new mysql connector ported by Dr. Chuck on his blog http://drcharlesbell.blogspot.com/2013/04/introducing-mysql-connectorarduino_6.html
.We've also used Wiznet Ethernet Shield available at the local store owned by "ThinkBox" (http://store.mytinkbox.com) ,you can order the module on-line by the way. So our contribution will be to utilize, maximize its given functions and procedure just like an ordinary SQL are coded and give an example on programming it.You may try to explore and find out how it simplifies database in an embedded systems.

Requirements:
Mysql Connector
Mysql Server on PC
Arduino2560 Mega
Wiznet Ethernet Shield (http://store.mytinkbox.com  or http://www.e-gizmo.com/ )
Source: Hi-Techno Barrio   http://code.google.com/p/hi-techno-barrio/downloads/list

Objectives:
(1)To enhance the capabilities of microprocessor and macro-processor as clients in a data base system.

(2) To test new Mysql connector

Methodologies:

1) Download Mysql connector
https://launchpad.net/mysql-arduino

2) Unzip the Mysql connector zip files
root@localhost# unzip mysql_connector.zip

3) Copy the files inside the Arduino library folder
root@localhost# mv mysql_connector MYSQL
root@localhost# cp -r MYSQL /usr/share/arduino/libraries
root@localhost# cp -r sha1     /usr/share/arduino/libraries

4) Cut and paste the sample code given in the Arduino IDE
root@localhost# arduino dcms.ino

5) Compile the code with your preferred Arduino2560
Note:
5.1) Select the proper baud rate (serial sets to 115200 kbs)
5.2) Just point mouse to the arrows and functions will be highlighted,click the arrows for compiling and loading
5.3) Choose the preferred sensors function in the sample program

6)   Design data schema (Mysql)
root@ localhost# mysql -u root -p

6.1) create mysql database
mysql> create dcmsDB;

6.2) display mysql database
mysql> show databases;

6.3) choose mysql databse
mysql> use dcmsDB;

6.4) create table in mysql
mysql> CREATE TABLE `dcmsData` (
`sensorid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`Humidity` FLOAT DEFAULT NULL,
`Light` INTEGER ,
`Noise` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
`Smoke` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
`Temperature` FLOAT DEFAULT NULL,
`AC` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL,
`DayTime` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`sensorid`),
UNIQUE KEY `rowid_UNIQUE` (`sensorid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

6.5) insert row data mysql table
mysql> INSERT INTO dcmsData (Humidity,Light,Noise,Smoke,Temperature,AC,DayTime) values('100','200','300','400','500','600',NOW());

6.6) display table structure in mysql
mysql> describe dcmsData

6.7)   display data
mysql> SELECT * FROM dcmsData;

7) Just to give an overview , here are some parts of the program:

(6.1) Include files
#include "NewPing.h"
#include "autonomos.h"
#include "webcontrol.h"
#include "udpsend.h"
#include "DHT.h"

// include files for mysql
#include "SPI.h"
#include "Ethernet.h"
#include "sha1.h"
#include "mysql.h"

6.2) /* Setup for Ethernet Library */
/* Setup for Ethernet Library */
byte mac_addr[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };
IPAddress server_addr(192,168,1,2);
IPAddress ip(192,168,1,177);
IPAddress gateway(192,168,1, 1);
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);
char sqlbuf[128];
char sqlDbase[] = " USE dcmsDB";

6.3) /*Setup for MySQL */
unsigned int mysqlPort=3306;
Connector my_conn; // The Connector/Arduino reference
char user[] = "root";
char password[] = "Igorotzki";
boolean sqlconnect= false;

(6.4) Mysql procedures
void mysqlBegin()
{

delay(350);
    Serial.println("connecting MySQL Server..");

     if (my_conn.mysql_connect(server_addr, mysqlPort, user, password))
      {
       sqlconnect=true;
       Serial.println("Query Success!");
        delay(150);
        my_conn.cmd_query(sqlDbase);
       }
     else
      {
       Serial.println("Connection failed.");
      }

}

// sending data to mysql
void mysqldata()
{
// uncomment to use the given functions
// tmp = temperature();
// ht = humidity();
// smk = smoke();
// ns = noise();
// lt = light();
// ac = ACData();

if (sqlconnect==true)
{
    delay(150);
    //"INSERT INTO dcmsData (Humidity,Light,Noise,Smoke,Temperature,AC,DayTime) values('100','200','300','400','500','600',NOW()) ";
   sprintf(sqlbuf, "INSERT INTO dcmsData (Humidity,Light,Noise,Smoke,Temperature,AC,DayTime) values ('%f','%d','%d','%d','%d','%f',NOW())",ht,lt,ns,smk,tmp,ac) ;
   my_conn.cmd_query(sqlbuf);
   Serial.println("Data stored!");
   }

} // end mysql...!

6.5)
// main program
Void loop()
{

     mysqldata();
     range(1);
     robotCommand("independent");
     cameraPosition();
}

6.6)
If you are interested with the complete code of this techno-blog, please include your e-mail account in the comment portion!

Details(1) Data logging (DHT11,LM35,LDR,Sound,URF)

Details(2) Mysql Connector download site

Details(3) Mysql connector and its compilation

Details(4) Unzip the mysql connector files

Details(5) Successful compilation of Mysql connector using Ubuntu

Details(6) Mysql shema ->database ->tables

Details(7) Php code

Details(8): Web page Display (PHP)

Summary:

Trouble(1)Serial.print function ("Error 255=." and then "Connection failed")

Shooting:
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';

Trouble(2) Using database

Shooting: Please add the following procedure
my_conn.cmd_query("USE dcmsDB);

Trouble(3)
in sha1.h virtual void write(uint8_t);
error: conflicting return type specified for 'virtual void Sha1Class::write(uint8_t)'
do you know how to fix it?

Shooting:
Apply the diff included with the source code.

Trouble(4) Declaring floating point in mysql query

Shooting:
float t = do_something();
char buf[128];
sprintf(buf, "INSERT INTO test.motion VALUES (NULL, '%f')", t);
my_conn.cmd_query(buf);

Conclusions:

So we have embedded mysql in MCU

Writing Image and booting Linux from MK808/RK3066

2013-08-25T23:22:00.003-07:00

Introductions:

Now you would ask me;What guts I am trying to prove on tracking the development of these mini-PC sticks?Well, nowadays ,computers are becoming smaller and smaller and that proportionate to their cost-cheaper.And I know you would believe me, single board PC did not compromise computing speed ,functionality ,efficiency yet with lesser consumption of electricity (5V/2A) ; we called this "nano-technology" on computers.Imagine a supercomputing machine is just smaller than the palm size of your hand.Simple,with its cheap price, I can purchase numbers of minis-PC and afterwards create a prowess of varied R&D applications.A variety of testing instruments:embedded Oscilloscope,Analyzer, high speed cameras,and all the likes.Because it's a light-weight machines ,we can board as many PCs as we can, to make our machine or robots think, process more and intelligent enough to respond in our specific purpose .An out-of-the-box super computing machine, clustered mini-sticks is just an appliance that can be stored atop your desk.The rest are the R&D of a lifetime-not yet to be told-but they're arrayed in the mind .This minute gadget is a heavenly concept making things happen in reality( :) ).

I have tried different single board PC from STMF32 ,ARM Cortex 3, Beagle board,Mini2440 and mini6440 and had experienced the difficulties in loading or flashing firmwares into its embedded system.Though its quite complex , I was lucky that there were several documents available as an included resources,besides they have the technical support on-line.Sometimes you need to decode Chinese language to know the hidden specifications-at least that could be a right path of porting different codes and libraries.

RK3066 is dual Core Cortex-A9 processor running at up to 1.6 GHz produced on 28 nm process, with quad core Mali 400 @ 533 Mhz.These features are enough to settle in the higher application system-but when it comes to controlling,brute forcing hardware applications -we have a different story.

Actually , I did n't have to flash android OS into Picunto or Ubunto,but it so sad that Android OS is not meant for embedded and servering applications.Another is that Rockchip is still in the stone age, they require NDA(non disclosure agreement) and $5000 to send you SDK for building Android images which even have no sources inside but binary blobs.So I have no choice but to change its OS into an appropriate one. Yet this is not an easy task for there is no instant or direct Linux installations in the RK3066 chips other than android itself.

All Rockchip kernel and Linux support so far is done by group of hackers who reverse engineer their code for fun and they have already significant success.The community would like to thanks hacker/crackers who had patiently ported and given source code for free: AndrewDB,Olegk0,JustineTime4Tea,mosfet,E^3 and others.

So folks ,please read and join me as this scratch article go along the saga and odyssey of porting ,debugging and unlocking the trade secrets of this nano-made gadgets and bring the breakthrough into the open-source community.

Requirements:

Software:

MK808 kernel image (recovery.img)

https://github.com/olegk0/rk3066-kernel

Rooted Image files

http://cdn03.arctablet.com/mirrors/picuntu_home-io/homeio_rc1.tar.gz
Olegk0 Google Drive Folder
https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B6QRwjacGTzCU3RWZ1M2d1FkcTg&usp=drive_web

Flash Tool in Linux (rkflashtool)

https://github.com/justgr/arnova-tools

Hardware:
Paper clip
MK808 mini-PC stick
micro-SD adapter
micro-SD card

Objectives:
To write and flash RK3066/MK808 image by using Linux alone(no windows!)
To replace default android OS by Picunto/Ubunto for future system development
To maximize the applications of mini-PC MK808 as dual core running in Linux

Methodology:

Download the latest release versions of MK808/RK3066 Linux image(cut & paste in your browser)

https://doc-0c-b8-docs.googleusercontent.com/docs/securesc/ha0ro937gcuc7l7deffksulhg5h7mbp1/5c55spo7th4lg7cfnlu8e07a5edfmro1/1384315200000/09152317978381813842/*/0B6QRwjacGTzCNG45bGZWRHlycUE?h=16653014193614665626&e=download

Find the necessary tools for flashing firmware image in the SD card

root@locahost# wget

https://github.com/justgr/arnova-tools/blob/master/rkflashtool/rkflashtool.c

Install the required USB software libraries in Linux OS
root@localhost#   sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libcrypto++-dev

Press down the recovery button (using a paper clip)
Power up the RK3066 device from only the OTG port using a standard usb cable

Note:
(special OTG cable required or shorting of the sense pins)
Please plugged the OTG-USB cable into your PC (running linux.)

After 5 seconds release the button. observed that no led will turn on at this point.
Run dmesg and you should see something like detail 1:
root@localhost# dmesg

Run lsusb and make note of the device id
root@localhost# lsusb
My MK808 vendor ID is 2207:300a

Let's compile the rkflashtool.c
root@localhost# tar -zxvf rkflashtool.tar.gzroot@localhost# cd rkflashtool/
root@localhost# vim rkflashtool.c

...cut and paste the code phrase highlighted in detail (3) then run the program
root@localhost#gcc -o rkflashtool rkflashtool.c -lusb-1.0 -O2 -W -Wall -s.

We're now ready to read the flash(a moment of truth :) ).
As a first step you may dumped the entire 8GB NAND flash as a backup like so
Note:
It will take some time to backup the whole NAND.
root@locahost    rkflashtool r 0x00000000 0x01000000 > myflashbackup.bin

To quickly get an idea of where everything is in the flash you can run CLI command below . It will reveal the parameters which include the offsets for all images in NAND including boot, system and user.
root@localhost# hexdump -C myflashbackup.bin | more

As an example to grab the kernel I did the following:
root@localhost#    rkflashtool r 0x00004000 0x00004000 > mk808kernel.img

To upload a new kernel do the following:
root@localhost#    rkflashtool e 0x00004000 0x00004000
root@localhost#    rkflashtool w 0x00004000 0x00004000 < recovery.img

Tips!:
After a successful loading the kernel image (recovery.img) you can now reboot the stick and check picture details (6 & 7)- you're on the right track brother.So you may proceed now to partitioning your SD card and inserting Debian file-systems into it:)

Partitioning your SD Card
root@localhost# yum install gparted*
root@localhost# gparted

1) Create an "ext4" partition
2) resize the partition atleast 5GB or larger
3) label it with "linuxroot"
4) Apply the changes

After the kernel image was flashed, it's time to copy your linuxroot(File System), be sure that you are in a root mode
root@localhost@ tar-zxvfp home_io.tar.gz /run/media/robook/linuxroot
or
root@localhost# tar -zxvf home_io.tar.gz
root@localhost# cd picunto_linuxroot_rc
root@localhost# cp -R * /run/media/robook/linuxroot

Note! Please wait until all files are copied to avoid errors in the picunto boot up

Details:

1) Please run the lsusb command

2)Next run the dmesg command to find vendors ID

(3)After finding the vendors ID ,copy the highlighted code in the rkflashtool.c

(4)Testing rkflashtool-> dumping NAND

(5)Flashing the new kernel image "recover.img"

(6)Booting the MK808 in Linux -pre install "BusyBox OS"

(7)System and files

(8) Partitioning the SD card ("ext4"-File System- 5++ GB

(9) MK808 device using HDMI VGA adapter

10) Picunto2.2 Login

11)Picunto 2.2 Desktop (xfce)

12) Checking OS libraries and apps

Remarks:
Accomplished the easy task (?) of booting MK808 in Linux

Trouble: BusyBox not booting

Shooting: Please redump the micro-SD card using the rkflashtool

Trouble: Need complete files

Shooting: Please get the latest kernel image and rooted image linux files(application etc)

Trouble: "Mountall Event Fail

Shooting: Try recopying the linuxroot by using "cp -a * or tar -zxvpf" to transfer the compress files into the SD card "ext4" linuxroot directory.
1) Incomplete/unfinished copy
2) Fail with root permission and authorizations transfer of files

Conclusions:
I have a mini-PC MK808 (dual core) running in Linux(how about that bro?)

USBasp + Arduino(Mega)2560 bootloading in Linux Arduino IDE (ACEduino2560)

2013-08-13T19:59:00.003-07:00

Introductions:

Just recently,we've been trough the use of an open-source applications and patronizing its community development ; surprisingly enthusiasts all over the globe are very much overwhelmed in participating the continuous evolutions of an open-source technology.And we are not far from the said expectations , our electronic stores are now tapping-up the distributions of these materials to the cheapest cost that local geeks and enthusiasts are able to afford of.Gone are those days when we are under the verdict of proprietary vendors such as Zilog,PIC,Renessas and other microchip distributors. I want to mention the following e-stores in the city: Alexan ,e-Gizmo and other on-line stores (tipidPC, sulit.com ,ayos dito) are vendors where we can buy the series of MCUs especially Arduino with reasonable price.

Well, our concerns are embedded kits ;yes, the Arduino things and other assorted gadgets ,this rebranded MCU is having the domination in the global e-store.We have noticed that Arduino sheilds' package is the included Atmel microchips , and became an open hardware and software that completely sets the requirement of starting and advancing the learning curve of an embedded system design.This is the main reason that enticed our local e-hobbyists to avail the Arduino MCUs which had given all their resources completely open and free for modifications i,e: DIY,documents,source code and innovations. Perhaps Arduino unravel the "Mt. everest" of complex embedded system into the level of laymen's know-how. E-hobbyists are introduced to their limitless creativity and ingenuity-we could be one of them.

So, this techno blog is all about giving you the idea on how to work on Arduinos using pure Linux for its compiler and IDE.And the purpose is to reload and upgrade default firmware to its new release versions that will be published in the Arduino web site(http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software). This time,I will give you the how-tos of firmware upgrading or bootloading the ACEduino Mega 2560 with USBasp programmer which can be purchased in Alexan and e-Gizmo respectively.So folks please have a try.. :)

Requirements:
avrdude
arduino IDE version 1.5X
USBasp   http://www.e-gizmo.com/KIT/usbasp.html
Arduino Mega 2560 http://www.alexan.com.ph/index.php/training-modules/227-aceduino-mega-2560

Objectives:
To solve USBasp programmer usb setting in Linux
To use USBasp programmer in Arduino IDE

Methodology:

I) Installations
root@locahost# yum install arduino*
root@localhost# yum install gcc-*
root@localhost# yum install avrdude*

2) Testing avrdude
root@localhost# lsusb
root@localhost# avrdude

3) Bootloading using avrdude
root@localhost# cd /usr/share/arduino/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/stk500v2/
root@localhost# avrdude -c usbasp -p m2560 -u -U flash:w:stk500boot_v2_mega2560.hex

4) Using Arduino IDE
root@localhost# arduino

5) Bootloading using Arduino IDE
5.1) Tools-> Programmer->USBasp
5.2) Tools->Board->Arduino Mega 2560
5.3) Tools->Bootloader
5.4) Note!
      Check bootloading process and if see trouble shooting if there are errors

6) New Sketch-> Basic->Digital->Blink
6.1) Compile the program
6.2) Load the program
6.3) Note!
     ..A LED on pin # 13 must be blinking

Details:

1) ACEduino 2560 from Alexan Store

2) USBasp clone from e-gizmo

3) ICSP pin settings of Arduino Mega2560 and USBasp clone

4) Connecting ACEduino2560 and USBasp programmer

5) Setting usb driver in udev rules

6)Successful loading firmware/bootloader in CLI avrdue

7) Firmware bootloading using arduino 1.5 IDE

(8) Sample blinking program in Arduino Mega2560

Remarks:

1)Trouble:
avrdude: error: could not find USB device "USBasp" with vid=0x16c0 pid=0x5dc

Shooting:
root@localhost# cd /etc/udev/rules.d/
root@localhost# vim 77-coballes.rules
copy and paste this texts:

SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="05dc", GROUP="plugdev", MODE="0667"

root@localhost# chmod 777 77-coballes.rules
root@locahost# chown -R "user"."group" 77-coballes.rules
root@localhost# /etc/init.d/udev restart

Note!
Then try methodology no. 6

2) Trouble:
no avrdude:

Shooting
root@localhost# which avardude
root@localhost# yum install avr*

Conclusion:
Solved : Loading bootloader in Arduino Mega 2560 using USBasp in Linux :)

Embedded Proxy Server(ARM9) -mini2440

2013-01-08T23:07:00.000-08:00

Introductions:

Hello folks,welcome to the another entry of this MCU blog. It's almost one semester that I did not write on this wall-busy with some tasks outside the cyber-world. Anyway, this new topic well get you interested and I'm so sure about that ;its related to proxy programming and cross compiling the code from an intelx86(32-64 bit) to an ARM9 architecture. I urged myself to ease the pain of debugging the "wcol proxy" program that lasted for 4(four) weeks -awesome stuff.

I was just fascinated of the RFC 1919 which means "proxy" server and RFC 1945 which is HTTP/1.0 protocol,how proxy server came to work ,and I was challenged to port the said intel format source code in a tiny PC, the mini2440 .The source of this program was an inheritance of the wcol proxy development , with careful tweaking and debugging the source code ,it eventually run in an ordinary PC ( with installed Linux OS). You can recompile any proxy server source code available on the net and cross-compile it in a GCC-ARM compiler. But for your comfort I have given a sample proxy program that can be uploaded via our FB Group(Philippines Society of Computer Engineers), and don't your worry this is an open group.

Mini2440 as what you had seen in the main photo, is clocked to 500Mhz and it has 512MB /1GB RAM to functions well as proxy server- its my expectation that at-least there would 5 simultaneous http request before it will have a noticeable processing delay.

Below are the details on how you folks can replicate my work, there I've attached video for a more vivid tutorials.Hope that you will learn things a little bit. By the way ,this was a previous assignment in our MIS class-client & server programming.So get it on...

Requirements:

Software:
1) Linux OS(Fedora 14)
2) arm-linux-gcc 4.3.2
3) gcc
4) minicom (serial monitor)
5) telnet

Hardware :
1) PC
2) SD card and adapter
3) mini2440
4) Other PC as another client

Methodology:
Note: you may choose files that are not installed yet.

1)Installations

root@locahost# yum install minicom-s
root@localhost # yum intall telnet*
root@localhost# yum install gcc
root@localhost# yum install *httpd*

2) Downloads
download proxy server code at PSCoE FB group page
https://www.facebook.com/GIIIIRRRLIE#!/groups/256202857800280/

download arm-linux-gcc (4.3.2)
https://code.google.com/p/princess-alist/downloads/detail?name=arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2.tgz&can=2&q=

3) Untar and cross compile
root@localhost# mv arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2.tgz ../
root@localhost# cd ../
root@localhost# tar -zxvf arm-linux-gcc-4.3.3.tgz
root@localhost# cd /usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin
root@localhost# export PATH:PATH=/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin

Please copy "coballesIS238Proxy.c" in the "/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin" with this cli command
Note: Try also to check if its bug free-using the basic gcc compiler!
root@localhost@ cp coballesIS238Proxy.c /usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin

Now cross compile the source code
root@localhost# arm-linux-gcc -mcpu=arm9 -Wall -o coballesIS238Proxy IS238Proxy.c

A green text of file-name(coballesIS238Proxy) will appear as it was compiled already.

4) Copy the cross-compiled program(now in binary file) in the SD card
root@localhost# df -a

root@localhost# mkdir /mnt/SD
root@localhost# mount /dev/sdb(?) /mnt/SD
root@localhost# cp "coballesIS238Proxy" /mnt/SD

5)So you have cross-compiled the code and copied in the SD card .Next, copy the binary file from your sd card to the mini2440
root@localhost telnet IP address of mini2440
[root@FriendlyArm] login
press enter ....see the mini2004 shell!
[root@FriendlyARM]

6) Then insert the SD card in the mini2440
[root@FriendlyArm] df- a

create a directory in your mini2440 shell
[root@FriendlyArm] mkdir /mnt/sdcard
[root@FriendlyARM] mount /dev/mmcblk0 /mnt/sdcard

..then copy the code
[root@FriendlyArm] cd /mnt/sdcard
[root@FriendlyArm/sdcard] cp coballesIS238Proxy ../bin

7) Bingo! run the embedded server now..!
[root@FriendlyArm/bin] ./coballesIS238Proxy -p 350

Details:

0) Downloading "arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2.tgz

1) recompiling proxy source code

2) Checking SD mounting

3) Copying the binary files after SD card mounting

4) executing the cross compiled binary program in a mini2440 board!

5)Error message: " Unreachable host from this network"

6) Error mesage: " temporary problem with the DNS server"

7) embedded proxy server working in mini2440

Summary :

Conclusions:

I cracked the proxy code and embed it in mini2440, so I have now a working embedded proxy server

ARM11(Tiny6140) Embedded Board Linux Setup

2011-12-01T19:56:00.000-08:00

Introductions:
Hello Technos!

Next step is to reload a new Linux distro in the Tiny6140 board.Sad thing to tell was that all the documentations were written in Chinese language(that's I think- how I ventured to its lesser price/cost).Anyway , Google is there for the translations and firefox add-ons was able to decode whatever Chinese encoding format available as a text inputs. This is a little bit tricky and cracky that I need to rely in free e-books available on the net.Most of the docus' are based in ARM9 but not in an ARM11 architecture, though I need to get it done as soon as possible.

However, I've found out that some binary compiler may work in ARM9 as well as in ARM11 architecture ,yet others soft-apps may not ie; kernel ,loader and partition formatter .So then I referred to those images and binaries that functions to both boards (gcc, ,tar ,bin's and etc.).

As usual here are the steps and details(have fun!)

Requirements:

Softwares:

Linux or Windows XP- use either software
SD flasher -making boot loader binaries bootable to SD card
USB driver -so that your PC will recognized the board USB port
DNW virtual- USB console
superboot20110826.bin -bootloader
rootfs_qtopia_mcl2.ubi -partition formatter
zimage_vga1024x768.bin -kernel

Hardwares:

Tiny6140 (ARM11) -embedded board
usb cable -interface to shell of Tiny6140
serial cable-interface as access to USB link by DNW

Objectives:
1) To install Linux in ARM11(Tiny6140) embedded board
2) To boot Linux OS in a NAND Flash (ROM) of an ARM11 target board
3) To simplify a hardcore embedded board set-up

Methodology:
1) You must have downloaded all the software required

2) Configure the serial com in your PC ("HyperTerminal) ,
2.a)Program->Accessories->Communications-HyperTerminal
2.b)setting are : 11520,8,N,0
2.c)you should see the virtual COM (HyperTerminal) display is responding to the character as output of the Tiny6140 board

3) Install the USB driver for the Tiny6140, the reason is for your board be detected by the PC-now you have 2 access in your PC via serial and via USB.

4) In your PC HyperTerminal should display options:

4.a) First,press "p" to load the superboot loader , the board will call the DNW to transmit the superboot(superboot20110826.bin) binary(you should kept that huh?)

4.b) Then, press "k" to load the kernel(zimage_vga1024x768.bin) , the board will call the DNW to transmit the kernel image (you have there for LCDs and VGAs image-find it!).

4.c) Then press "u" for ubi format of your board disk partitioning(rootfs_qtopia_mcl2.ubi ) , the board will call the DNW to transmit the qtopia UBI binary image.

5) You should see the rolling characters , until you will stumble to the prompt asking you to press in any keys for it to display the console(shell)

6) Turn off the board , then switch S2 to NAND booting

7) That is it, Tiny6140 board will now proceed booting via NAND flash.

Details(1)Downloading kernel images

Details(2) SD flasher detecting the SD card

Details(3)After by superboot format ,options prompt appear during boot up

Details(4)Included USB driver (installed usb_driver.zip) Windows "Device Manager"

Details(5)DNW called by the Tiny6140 board(detected USB)

Details(6)DNW [OK] ready to transmit bins and images

Details(7)Flashing the NAND memory

Details(8)Almost finished loading

Details(9)Finally the Tiny6140 shell appear-and were done!

Remarks:
1)Next , booting Android/Linux/WinCE/Ubunto OS to the Tiny6140 board
2)As simple as that hardcore embedding

Conclusions:

ARM9(mini2440) Embedded Board Linux Setup

2011-11-24T17:59:00.000-08:00

Introductions:

After of a long vacations such as holidays, calamities (storm,floods or etc), we're always caught by surprise about the drained batteries ,damaged UPS ,hanged servers , overheated power supplies and worst the total malfunctions since the air-conditioning system had been off. The reason was just that we can't anticipate these occurrence or technical troubles in the 24/7 running Data Center-everybody is on leave and nobody is to blame.Yet,the most things we are worried so much are the cost of purchasing the replacements for the said equipments ,and that mishap requires a lot of budget requisitions.

So your author decided to design a complete robust yet low cost Data Center Monitoring System .It will diagnose every client/s and server/s net activity both its hardware and software, the AC connections (power supplies and the DC generator) .It will include monitoring variable parameters such as : smoke,humidity ,temperature and noise inside the server room. The monitoring report would be available via GPRS ,GSM and web, and there is a restrictions to interact the said system.

The second option is whether to use a single board PC(ARM9) or a micro controller (PIC +ENC28j60) .So we needed to weigh the following factors: cost,capability and efficiency , and the choice went to a single embedded PC which is the Arm9 -because of the technology competitions nowadays its price is almost equal to a micro controller yet the capacity had an amazing difference.

So before the author would post in the design of monitoring system , let us first discuss the detail on the Arm 9 board set-up-and here is the detail .

Requirements:

Hardware:

ARM9 Evaluation Kit (Samsung chip

-533-633Mhz

Serial Cable

ARM9 JTAG

LCD2VGA

Sooftwares:

Linux OS (Ubunto ,Fedora ,CentOS)

minicom

ztelnet

Gambas2

Objectives:

1) Load a bootloader to a target Arm9 board

2) Load a kernel to a a target Arm9 board

3) Load applications to the Arm9 target board

Methodology:

1) Please do the basic physical setup of ARM9 evaluation board

a) serial cable

b) LAN RJ45

2) Download the required software for accessing the board

a)minicom for serial/com access

b) ztelnet for telnet setup

3) Select "b" in the menu to boot the board in RAM

4) Configure the "eth0" IP setting similar to your LAN

root@FriendlyArm/ cd /etc/

root@FriendlyArm/ cp eth0-setting eth0-setting.bak

root@FriendlyArm/ vi etho-setting

5) Explore files in the Arm9 linux shell

Detail(1) minicom serial interface for Linux

Detail(2) Configuring the minicom settings

Detail(3) Detecting Arm9 via serial com

Detail(4) booting Arm9 via NAND flash

Detail(5) Setting the board's IP address

Detail(6)Browsing the Arm9 default page

Remarks:

Its another refreshing ideas to level up embedded applications,especially when times suggest a better competitions between a traditional micro-controller/microprocessor and a single board cpu , its cost, efficiency,capability and rigidity.

Conclusions:

CHDK reInventing Canon Camera

2011-05-04T03:26:00.000-07:00

Introductions:

This tutorial will be dealing about the hard core of hacking Canon Cameras. Some technique or reverse engineering will be explained how signals are turned into a parsed data and the combinations that lead to the analysis of protocol behind the original Canon Firmware.

Here we explain and give understanding :

How hacking is done in Canon?

How signals are decoded and converted into a data

How data are analysed as format of protocols

Its preamble?

Its ports addresses?

Its acknowledge data

How data is checked and evaluate
CRC and checksum

and so forth..

Requirements:
Canon Cameras
LED,Photo Diode
DB9 serial Comm port
Microphone (sound into waves)
Oscilloscope

Objectives:
1) To explain How hacking is done in Canon Camera
2) How to bypass the original Canon Firmware using CHDK scripts
3) To give an example of reverse engineering Canon PowerShot G11

Methodology:

Remarks:

Conclusions:

Canon G11 Remote Capture (CHDK)

2011-04-15T00:11:00.001-07:00

Introductions:

This is a little bit article to investigate how we can change a Canon G series features,since Canon Company had stopped supporting the remote triggering of its Powershot G series a lot of of hobbyist, hackers and enthusiast are finding ways to resolve this issues or on the other hand their efforts are to indigenously improve and extend their cameras' shooting capabilities.

In our case ,since there are 2(two) available pairs of G11 in the laboratory and want them to be used in book scanning , hence a remote triggered must be one of its features and so the solutions is to look for an alternative hard coded software that will bypass Canon camera firmware and therefore extends its features in some ways.

Well,I have these ideas in mind:

(One)Get the latest CHDK for G11 that supports USB/PTP or (Two)Load the alternative firmwares SDM scripts; then on the PC side use the gphoto2 and Gambas2 would intervene the whole process (as plugging ON and OFF the USB) .And instead of a mechanical switch I'll try to use micro-controller interface to USB for a camera access while in the process upload a captured images in the SD Card .

I have some reference to follow.
Good article for remote capture using CHDK /SDM (by: Tom Horsley)
http://home.comcast.net/~tomhorsley/hardware/scanner/software.html
CHDK site
gphoto2 site
SDM site
well again lets include gambas2

Requirements:
Camera Version Finder
http://savedonthe.net/download/247/CameraVersion13-sfx.html
CHDK firmware port to G11 version 100l.
http://chdk.setepontos.com/index.php?topic=4647.510

SDM
Gphoto2
Gambas2

Objectives:
1) Extended G11 (Canon Powershot G series) extended its shooting mode features and capabilities
2) Get G11in RoBook Scanning task.

Methodology:

1) Get SD Card
Note:
If the card is 2GB you can partition it directly , however when the capacity is much larger you can partition it into two , the other space is for booting while the other one is for CHDK files.
1.1) root@localhost # df -h
1.2) root@localhost # yum install gparted

2) Click " Applications" menu
2.1) Click System Tools
2.2) Click gparted
2.3) Enter your root password

3) Formatting SD card 2GB partition into FAT16

4) Make the SD Card bootable

5)For Auto-loading the CHDK scripts lock the SD Card

6) Insert the SD Card in the Camera then turn ON

7) You will see the image appearing as shown in "Detail(5)".

8) Debugging the USB/PTP script(at our own risk!)

Detail(1):Camera Version With G11 capture photos

Detail(2):Camera Version Finder

Detail(3) Generated camera version from an image files

Detail(4) Gparted partitioning SD Card

Detail(5) : Card Trick FAT16 format on SD Card

Detail(6) Formatting card into FAT16

Detail(7) Canon G11 is now Hacked!

Remarks:

As I've mentioned a while ago , I have two ideas in mind :
The first is the USB/PTP encoded in CHDK but need to wait first for the hacking release ,Yet a Canon SX200IS had the code ported already so possible for the Canon G11 also.Whatever, the other method plugging in /out or switching ON/OFF will be much more easier to accomplished for now compared to the latter method(we'll see if there's a ported code already for G11).

Conclusions:
Still on going