<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467</id><updated>2026-10-05T14:11:56.871-07:00</updated><category term="medicina"/><category term="mokslas ir verslas"/><category term="mokyklos"/><category term="rusai"/><category term="Kirkilas"/><category term="Kubilius"/><category term="Seimo rinkimai"/><category term="bankų krizė"/><category term="fundamentalus mokslas"/><category term="mokslo finansavimo būdai"/><category term="mokslo reikšmė"/><category term="specialistų įdarbinimo sąlygos"/><category term="studijos"/><category term="studijų kokybė"/><category term="talentų pritraukimas"/><category term="užsienio mokslininkų įdarbinimas"/><title type='text'>Mokslas, studijos ir ekonomika</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>31660</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-1250608351874895255</id><published>2026-10-05T14:11:56.870-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T14:11:56.871-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Nobelio fiziologijos ar medicinos premija skirta už atradimus neuromokslo srityje</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Karlas Deisserothas, Peteris Hegemannas ir Georgas Nagelis
buvo pagerbti už savo darbą su šviesa valdomais jonų kanalais ir optogenetika –
technika, kuri naudoja mažytes švieseles neuronams smegenyse aktyvuoti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Karlas Deisserothas, Peteris Hegemannas ir Georgas Nagelis
pirmadienį buvo apdovanoti Nobelio fiziologijos ar medicinos premija už savo
atradimus neuromokslo srityje.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Trys mokslininkai tyrinėjo šviesa valdomus jonų kanalus,
baltymų tipą, siekdami sukurti optogenetikos sritį – novatorišką techniką, kuri
naudoja šviesos impulsus atskiroms neuronų grupėms smegenyse aktyvuoti arba
išjungti, – teigė Abdelis El Manira, Nobelio komiteto, kuris skyrė premiją,
narys.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Optogenetika yra galinga fundamentinių tyrimų priemonė
neuromoksle. Tyrėjai genetiškai manipuliuoja smegenų ląstelėmis, o tada naudoja
šviesos impulsus, kad įjungtų jungiklį smegenyse ir aktyvuotų konkrečius
neuronus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ši technika suteikia užuominų apie tokių ligų kaip aklumas,
depresija, priklausomybė ir demencija gydymą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kas yra nugalėtojai?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dr. Karlas Deisserothas yra bioinžinerijos, psichiatrijos ir
elgesio mokslų profesorius Stanfordo universitete ir Howardo Hugheso medicinos
instituto tyrėjas. Dr. Deisserothas yra psichiatras, kurio darbas su pacientais
kėlė nusivylimą dėl tikslių paaiškinimų, kas sukėlė jų kančias ir simptomus,
trūkumo. Tai padėjo paskatinti sukurti galingą įrankį smegenims tirti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jis ir jo komanda į gyvų pelių smegenų ląsteles įterpė
šviesai jautrų geną ir sukūrė mažyčius optinius pluoštus, kurie pirmą kartą
aktyvavo šiuos neuronus ir sukėlė specifinį elgesį, sakė profesorius El Manira.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dr. Peteris Hegemannas yra eksperimentinės biofizikos
profesorius Humboldto universitete Berlyne. Jis atrado baltymą, kuris šviesą
paverčia elektriniu signalu, sakė profesorius El Manira.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dr. Georgas Nagelis yra augalų fiziologijos profesorius
Viurcburgo universitete Vokietijoje. Kartu su dr. Hegemannu jis atrado, kad
baltymuose yra šviesa valdomas jonų kanalas, kuris, veikiamas šviesos,
generuoja elektrinį signalą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Profesorius El Manira jį apibūdino kaip „jungiklį“,
leidžiantį neurologams aktyvuoti baltymą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kodėl komitetas sako, kad jie gavo premiją?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Nobelio komiteto generalinis sekretorius profesorius Thomas
Perlmannas optogenetikos sritį apibūdino kaip tyrimų įrankį, kuris ateityje bus
„nepaprastai svarbus“ daugelio ligų supratimui. „Tai išties nauja neurologijos
era“, – sakė jis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Šis atradimas leido neurologams susieti smegenų nervines
ląsteles su konkrečiu elgesiu, teigė Anna Wedell, klinikinės genetikos
profesorė Karolinska institute Stokholme ir Nobelio premijos komiteto narė.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Anksčiau turėjome anatominį smegenų žemėlapį“, – sakė
profesorė Wedell. „Dabar galime generuoti funkcinius žemėlapius ir suprasti,
kaip skirtingos ląstelės bendrauja tarpusavyje visoje smegenyse.“ Ji apibūdino
šį atradimą kaip „visiškai naujo smegenų funkcijos supratimo matmens“ pranašą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kaip jų kolegos apibūdina jų darbą?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Džordžtauno universiteto farmakologijos ir fiziologijos
profesorius Patrickas A. Forcelli teigė, kad optogenetikos atradimas pradėjo
„aukso erą“ neurologijos moksle ir tapo pagrindine beveik kiekvienos smegenų
grandines tiriančios laboratorijos technika. „Šiandien sisteminės neurologijos
negalima atlikti nepasiremiant šiais įrankiais“, – sakė jis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ši technika jau buvo naudojama tiriant neuronų grandines,
susijusias su atmintimi, tėvų elgesiu ir psichikos ligomis, tokiomis kaip
obsesinis-kompulsinis sutrikimas ir šizofrenija.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ji taip pat buvo naudojama dalinai atkurti regėjimą akliems
pacientams, sergantiems paveldima liga, vadinama pigmentiniu retinitu, sakė
Nobelio fiziologijos ar medicinos komiteto pirmininkas profesorius Peras
Svenningssonas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ką laureatai pasakė apie premijos laimėjimą?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Tai buvo labai netikėta“, – sakė dr. Deisserothas, kuris
Kalifornijoje nemiegojo po vidurnakčio, dirbo su straipsniu ir siuntė el.
laiškus studentams. Jis ką tik buvo įėjęs ir jau buvo pradėjęs užmigti, kai
suskambo jo telefonas. Po kelių valandų jis vis dar buvo pabudęs, teturėdamas
kelias tylos akimirkas apmąstyti premijos laimėjimą. premija.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Interviu, duotame prieš pat 4 val. ryto Ramiojo vandenyno
laiku, dr. Deisserothas sakė, kad jo vaikai dar miega ir kad jis planuoja po
kelių valandų, kaip ir kiekvieną rytą, pagaminti jiems sumuštinius mokyklos
pietums. Kitos šventės dar nebuvo suplanuotos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dr. Perlmannas teigė, kad prieš paskelbimą susisiekė su
naujausiais Nobelio premijos laureatais. „Visi trys buvo labai nustebę“, – sakė
jis. Jie visi atsakė tą patį: „Jie manė, kad buvo absoliučiai nuostabu gauti
premiją kartu su kitais dviem.“&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kas gavo premiją 2025 m.?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Mary E. Brunkow, Fredas Ramsdellas ir Shimonas Sakaguchi
buvo pripažinti už periferinės imuninės tolerancijos, mechanizmo, paaiškinančio
atradimus, &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kaip mūsų imuninė sistema
neleidžia pakitusioms ląstelėms pulti paties organizmo audinių ir organų.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kada bus paskelbti kiti Nobelio premijų laureatai?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Fiziologijos ar medicinos premija yra pirmoji iš šešių
šiemet skiriamų Nobelio premijų. Kiekvienu apdovanojimu įvertinamas reikšmingas
asmens ar organizacijos indėlis konkrečioje srityje. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Nobelio fizikos premiją antradienį Stokholme įteiks
Karališkoji Švedijos mokslų akademija. Pernai premiją pasidalijo Johnas
Clarke’as, Michelis H. Devoretas ir Johnas M. Martinis už darbus, leidusius
stebėti subatominio pasaulio reiškinius sistemoje, kuri yra pakankamai didelė,
kad ją būtų galima pamatyti plika akimi. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Nobelio chemijos premiją trečiadienį Stokholme įteiks
Karališkoji Švedijos mokslų akademija. Pernai premija atiteko Susumu Kitagawai,
Richardui Robsonui ir Omarui Yaghi už molekulinių statybinių blokų sukūrimą;
šie blokai turi pakankamai dideles ertmes, pro kurias gali laisvai judėti dujos
ir kitos cheminės medžiagos. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Nobelio literatūros premiją ketvirtadienį Stokholme įteiks
Švedijos akademija. Pernai apdovanojimą pelnė vengrų romanistas László
Krasznahorkai, garsėjantis distopinėmis temomis ir intensyviu prozos stiliumi. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Nobelio taikos premiją penktadienį Osle įteiks Norvegijos
Nobelio institutas. Pernai premiją laimėjo María Corina Machado, subūrusi
galingą visuomeninį judėjimą Venesueloje, metantį iššūkį šalies autoritariniam
prezidentui. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kitą savaitę, pirmadienį, Stokholme Karališkoji Švedijos
mokslų akademija įteiks Nobelio ekonomikos premiją. Pernai apdovanojimai skirti
Joeliui Mokyrui, Philippe’ui Aghionui ir Peteriui Howittui už tyrimus,
paaiškinančius ryšį tarp technologinės pažangos ir tvaraus ekonomikos augimo.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Visų premijų paskelbimo ceremonijos tiesiogiai
transliuojamos Nobelio premijos organizacijos.“ [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Is Awarded for
Discoveries in Neuroscience. Johnson, Carolyn Y; Sands, Leo.  New York Times
(Online) New York Times Company. Oct 5, 2026.&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/1250608351874895255/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/1250608351874895255' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/1250608351874895255'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/1250608351874895255'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/nobelio-fiziologijos-ar-medicinos.html' title='Nobelio fiziologijos ar medicinos premija skirta už atradimus neuromokslo srityje'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-4737635764651365378</id><published>2026-10-05T14:08:27.256-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T14:08:27.256-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Is Awarded for Discoveries in Neuroscience</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;“Karl
Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel were recognized for their work on
light-gated ion channels and optogenetics, a technique that uses tiny lights to
activate neurons in the brain.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel were awarded
the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Monday for their discoveries in
neuroscience.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The three
scientists researched light-gated ion channels, a type of proteins, to
establish the field of optogenetics, a pioneering technique that uses pulses of
light to activate or turn off discrete groups of neurons in the brain, said
Abdel El Manira, a member of the Nobel Committee that awarded the prize.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Optogenetics
is a powerful basic research tool in neuroscience. Researchers genetically
manipulate brain cells and then use pulses of light to flip a switch in the
brain and activate specific neurons. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The
technique provides clues for the treatment of conditions such as blindness,
depression, addiction and dementia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Who are the winners?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dr. Karl Deisseroth is a professor of bioengineering and
psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University and an investigator
at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Dr. Deisseroth is a psychiatrist whose
work with patients led to frustration about a lack of precise explanations for
what caused their suffering and symptoms. That helped motivate the development
of a powerful tool to study the brain. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;He and a
team inserted a light-sensitive gene into the brain cells of living mice and
developed tiny optical fibers that activated those neurons and elicited
specific behaviors for the first time, Professor El Manira said.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Dr. Peter
Hegemann is a professor of experimental biophysics at Humboldt University in
Berlin. He discovered a protein that converts light into an electrical signal,
Professor El Manira said.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Dr. Georg
Nagel is a professor of plant physiology at the University of Wurzburg in
Germany. Alongside Dr. Hegemann, he discovered that the proteins contained a
light-gated ion channel, which generates an electrical signal when exposed to
light.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Professor El Manira described it as “the switch” that allows
neuroscientists to activate the protein.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Why did the committee say they received the prize?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Professor Thomas Perlmann, the secretary-general of the
Nobel Committee, described the field of optogenetics as a tool for research
that would prove “immensely important” for the future understanding of many
diseases. “It’s really a new era in neuroscience,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The
discovery has enabled neuroscientists to link nerve cells in the brain to
specific behaviors, said Anna Wedell a professor of clinical genetics at the
Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm and an adjunct member of the Nobel awarding
committee.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;“Before, we
had an anatomical map of the brain,” Professor Wedell said. “Now we can
generate functional maps, and we can also understand how different cells speak
to each other across the brain.” She described the discovery as heralding “a
completely new dimension of understanding of the function of the brain.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;How do their colleagues describe their work?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Patrick A. Forcelli, a professor of pharmacology and
physiology at Georgetown University, said the discovery of optogenetics ushered
in a “golden era” for neuroscience, becoming the mainstay technique of almost
every lab that studies brain circuits. “You can’t do systems neuroscience today
without relying on these tools,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The
technique has already been used to explore the neural circuits involved in
memory, parenting behavior and psychiatric diseases such as
obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;It has also
been used to partly restore vision in blind patients with an inherited
condition called retinitis pigmentosa, said Professor Per Svenningsson, the
chairman of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;What did the laureates say about winning the prize?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;“It was very surprising,” said Dr. Deisseroth, who was up
past midnight in California, working on a paper and sending emails to students.
He had just turned in and was starting to drift off when his phone started
buzzing. Hours later he was still awake, with just a few moments of quiet to
reflect on winning the prize.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;In an interview just before 4 a.m. Pacific time, Dr.
Deisseroth said his children were still asleep, and he was planning to make
their sandwiches for their school lunch in a few hours, as he did every
morning. Other celebrations had yet to be planned.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dr. Perlmann said he reached the newest Nobel laureates
before the announcement. “All three were very surprised,” he said. They also
all said the same thing in response: “They thought it was absolutely wonderful
to receive the prize with the other two.”&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Who received the prize in 2025?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi were
recognized for their discoveries of peripheral immune tolerance, the mechanism
that explains how our immune system prevents rogue cells from attacking the
body’s own tissues and organs.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;When will the other Nobel Prizes be announced?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The prize for physiology or medicine is the first of six
Nobel Prizes that will be awarded this year. Each award recognizes
groundbreaking contributions by an individual or organization in a specific
field.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The Nobel Prize in
Physics will be awarded on Tuesday by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in
Stockholm. Last year, John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis
shared the prize for work that made the behaviors of the subatomic world
observable in a system large enough to see with the naked eye.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The Nobel Prize in
Chemistry will be awarded on Wednesday by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
in Stockholm. Last year, the prize went to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and
Omar Yaghi for the development of molecular building blocks with spaces large
enough for gases and other chemicals to flow through them.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The Nobel Prize in
Literature will be awarded on Thursday by the Swedish Academy in Stockholm.
Last year, Laszlo Krasznahorkai, a Hungarian novelist known for his dystopian
themes and relentless prose, received the award.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The Nobel Peace
Prize will be awarded on Friday by the Norwegian Nobel Institute in Oslo. Last
year, María Corina Machado, who built a powerful social movement in Venezuela
challenging the nation’s authoritarian president, won the award.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Next week, the
Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences will be awarded on Monday by the
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm. Last year, Joel Mokyr, Philippe
Aghion and Peter Howitt were honored for research explaining the relationship
between technological progress and sustained economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;All of the prize announcements are streamed live by the
Nobel Prize organization.” [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Is Awarded for
Discoveries in Neuroscience. Johnson, Carolyn Y; Sands, Leo.  New York Times
(Online) New York Times Company. Oct 5, 2026.&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/4737635764651365378/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/4737635764651365378' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/4737635764651365378'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/4737635764651365378'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine.html' title='Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Is Awarded for Discoveries in Neuroscience'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-3262338541644880349</id><published>2026-10-05T13:53:57.987-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T13:53:57.987-07:00</updated><title type='text'>„Ko mums trūksta, tai Darvino teorijos“: Smegenų tyrėjai renka duomenis be galo. Tačiau tai negali paaiškinti visko. Kaip kylanti elgesio tyrimų žvaigždė Johannesas Kohlis ketina užpildyti kai kurias spragas.</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;„Pasinaudojant
„žąsų tėvo“ Konrado Lorenzo idėjomis, siekiant smegenų tyrimų priešakyje?
Jaunas elgesio mokslininkas 42 metų Johannesas Kohlis, studijavęs Magdeburge ir
dabar dirbantis Londone, pasiekė būtent tai. Tačiau ne su žąsimis, o su
pelėmis. Kohlis jas naudoja tam, kad iki smulkiausių detalių ištirtų, kaip
smegenys keičiasi, kai žmogus pastoja ir tampa tėvu, ir kaip stresas, alkis,
brendimas ir hormonai veikia smegenų molekulines grandines. Šią savaitę „Jonny“
Kohlis Barselonoje vyksiančiame tarptautiniame neurologijos kongrese FENS gaus
naujausią iš daugybės apdovanojimų: Erico Kandelio jaunųjų neuromokslininkų
premiją, kuriai skiriama 100 000 eurų ir kuri skiriama kas dvejus metus. F.A.Z.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Pone Kohli, jūs
dirbate Franciso Cricko institute ir dabar gaunate Erico Kandelio jaunųjų
neuromokslininkų premiją. Du vardai, kurie yra absoliutūs smegenų tyrimų
sunkiasvoriai, abu Nobelio premijos laureatai. Ar jaučiatės patogiai sekdami
tokiomis didelėmis pėdomis?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Esu visiškai
įsitikinęs, kad Cricko institutas yra „pasaulio lyderė neuromokslų srityje.“
Geriausia vieta mano tyrimams yra [ši laboratorija]. Grupės dydis, apie dvylika
darbuotojų, yra valdomas; neturime megalaboratorijų ar dėstymo, ir turime daug
administracinės pagalbos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Kiek laiko ten
dirbate?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Nuo 2019 m. Kai
atvykau, ji buvo įkurta beveik kaip didelis startuolis, su labai plokščia
hierarchija ir trumpa istorija. Kartais geriau pradėti jaunoje laboratorijoje;
istorinis fonas su savo sunkiasvoriais gali būti nemaža našta jauniems tyrėjams
seniai įkurtuose, dideliuose institutuose.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Tačiau jūsų
tyrimai tikrai turi senas tradicijas. Jei paklaustumėte „ChatGPT“ apie jus,
pirmas atsakymas būtų, kad įgyjate naujų įžvalgų etologijos srityje. Tai
Konrado Lorenzo, elgesio mokslininko, išgarsėjusio savo pilkųjų žąsų
eksperimentais, tęsinys.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;(Juokiasi) Noras
sekti Lorenzo pėdomis skambėtų įžūliai. Įdomu, kad DI tai išskleidė. Žinoma,
mes nagrinėjame instinktyvų elgesį. Mano nuomone, instinktai suteikia
geriausias galimybes susieti elgesį su nervų sistemos struktūra ir pagrindine
genetine informacija. Lorenzas ir jo kolega iš Olandijos Nikolaas Tindbergen
nustatė tokio elgesio tyrimų standartus, ir tai išlieka tiesa ir šiandien.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Ar tai skamba
taip, lyg tyrimai iki šiol nepadarytų didelės pažangos?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Žinoma,
pastaraisiais metais sukaupta neįtikėtinai daug neuromokslinių žinių ir
pateikta faktų. Tačiau vis dar trūksta didžiosios teorijos. Jei norite, mums
vis dar trūksta neuromokslo Darvino. Standartinis Kandelio veikalas
„Neurologijos principai“ su kiekvienu leidimu vis storėjo. Tačiau norime, kad
knygos galiausiai taptų plonesnės, nes iš išvadų atsiras pagrindiniai
principai. Darvino „Apie rūšių kilmę“ taip pat nėra monumentalus veikalas. Mūsų
smegenų tyrimuose teorija atsilieka nuo didžiulio informacijos kiekio, kuris
generuojamas stulbinančiu greičiu visais lygmenimis – nuo ​​elgesio mokslo iki
molekulinės neurologijos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Ostą domina
smegenų, įskaitant ir jūsų, plastiškumas. Ar smegenų lankstumas buvo
nepakankamai įvertintas?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Be abejo.
Suaugusio žmogaus smegenys yra daug plastiškesnės, nei manyta anksčiau, ir mes
vis dar nepakankamai žinome, kas riboja šį plastiškumą. Tačiau matome, kad
hormonai gali sudaryti sąlygas naujam plastiškumui. Mes nuolat peržiūrime
ankstyvąjį vystymąsi. Tai taikoma, pavyzdžiui, kai moterys pastoja arba kai
žmonės tampa tėvais, kai šis smegenų pokytis yra prisitaikymas prie naujų
iššūkių. Tačiau tai taikoma ir vėlesniame gyvenime.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Ar senstant mes
neurologiškai save iš naujo atrandame?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Be abejo. Mano
žmona yra klinikinė psichologė, kurios specializacija – vyresni nei 65 metų
žmonės. Kognityvinė elgesio terapija arba logopedija vis dar gali daug
pasiekti. Jei smegenys neturėtų plastiškumo, jos darbas būtų beprasmis. Mums
vėl reikia daugiau atvirumo. Vis dar dažnai girdite pasakojimą, kad vyresnio
amžiaus žmonės yra įstrigę savo kelyje ir neatviri savo mąstyme. Akivaizdu, kad
taip nėra.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Ar jūsų tyrimų su
pelėmis rezultatai taikomi žmonėms? Perkeliami?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Tokie procesai
kaip nėštumas yra panašūs pelėms ir žmonėms, įskaitant dalyvaujančių hormonų
tipus. Struktūriniai pokyčiai taip pat yra panašūs. Mūsų tyrimai su žmonėmis
yra tiesiog riboti, todėl atliekame eksperimentus su gyvūnais.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Koks jūsų
įspūdingiausias atradimas?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Ypač įspūdinga
tai, kad smegenys patiria struktūrinius pokyčius net nėštumo metu, iš esmės iš
anksto pasiruošdamos tėvystei – dar prieš gimstant jaunikliams. Mane ne mažiau
žavi tai, kad moterys gali išmokti panašiai ryškaus tėviško elgesio tiesiog
stebėdamos ir socialiai patirdamos – visiškai be nėštumo ir su juo susijusių
hormoninių pokyčių. Elgesys galiausiai yra labai panašus, tačiau kelias į jį
atrodo kitoks. Todėl mus domina, ar tos pačios neuronų grandinės ląstelių
lygmeniu taip pat yra pertvarkomos skirtingai, priklausomai nuo sukėlėjo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Koks kitas
elgesys jus domina?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Pavyzdžiui,
agresija arba maisto ieškojimas. Visam šiam elgesiui smegenyse buvo
identifikuoti keli tūkstančiai molekuliniu požiūriu apibrėžtų nervinių
ląstelių, vadinamųjų įėjimo taškų, kurie kontroliuoja šį elgesį. Mes galime
tikslingai manipuliuoti tokiomis neuronų grupėmis; mes nebesiknisinėjame po
smegenis atsitiktinai.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Ar šių grandinių
tyrimų rezultatai gali būti panaudoti terapijoje ar švietime?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Mūsų pradinis
tikslas – suprasti pagrindinius suaugusiųjų smegenų neuronų grandinių pokyčių
dėsnius. Tai yra fundamentiniai tyrimai, tačiau dažnai tai yra pirmas žingsnis
medicinos pažangos link. Tik supratę, kaip smegenys prisitaiko prie pakitusių
vidinių sąlygų įprastomis aplinkybėmis, pavyzdžiui, nėštumo metu, galėsime
suprasti, kodėl šie prisitaikymo procesai ligos metu išsibalansuoja. Ilgainiui
šios žinios galėtų padėti kurti naujus metodus, skirtus tokių ligų kaip
pogimdyvinė depresija prevencijai ar gydymui.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Klausimus iškėlė
Joachimas Mülleris-Jungas.“ [1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;1. &quot;Was uns
fehlt, ist ein Darwin&quot;: Hirnforscher sammeln Daten ohne Ende. Alles
erklären kann man damit nicht. Wie der Jungstar der Verhaltensforschung,
Johannes Kohl, einige Lücken schließen will. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung;
Frankfurt. 08 July 2026: N1.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/3262338541644880349/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/3262338541644880349' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/3262338541644880349'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/3262338541644880349'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/ko-mums-truksta-tai-darvino-teorijos.html' title='„Ko mums trūksta, tai Darvino teorijos“: Smegenų tyrėjai renka duomenis be galo. Tačiau tai negali paaiškinti visko. Kaip kylanti elgesio tyrimų žvaigždė Johannesas Kohlis ketina užpildyti kai kurias spragas.'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-3151168459037333134</id><published>2026-10-05T13:49:39.058-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T13:54:12.677-07:00</updated><title type='text'>&quot;What we lack is a Darwin&quot;: Brain researchers are amassing endless amounts of data. Yet that cannot explain everything. Here is how behavioral research rising star Johannes Kohl aims to fill some of the gaps. </title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;„Rising to the
forefront of brain research with the ideas of the &quot;Father of Geese,&quot;
Konrad Lorenz? Young behavioral scientist Johannes Kohl, 42—who studied in
Magdeburg and now works in London—has achieved exactly that. Not with geese,
however, but with mice. Using them, Kohl investigates in minute detail how the
brain changes during pregnancy and parenthood, and how stress, hunger, puberty,
and hormones influence the brain&#39;s molecular circuits. This week, at the FENS
international neuroscience congress in Barcelona, ​​&quot;Jonny&quot; Kohl will
receive the latest in a long line of awards: the Eric Kandel Young
Neuroscientists Prize, a biennial honor carrying a cash award of €100,000.
F.A.Z.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Mr. Kohl, you
work at the Francis Crick Institute and are now receiving the Eric Kandel Young
Neuroscientists Prize. These are two absolute heavyweights of brain
research—both Nobel laureates. How does it feel to follow in such giant
footsteps?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;I am certainly
convinced that the Crick Institute is the best place in the world for my
research. The group size—around twelve staff members—is manageable; we don’t
have &quot;mega-labs&quot; or teaching obligations, and we receive plenty of
administrative support.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;How long have you
been there?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Since 2019. When
I arrived, it was set up much like a large start-up, with very flat hierarchies
and a short history. Sometimes it is better to start in a young lab; the
historical legacy associated with such heavyweights at long-established
institutes can be quite a burden for young researchers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;And yet, your
research does have a long tradition of its own. If you ask ChatGPT about you,
the first answer states that you are gaining new insights in the field of
ethology. That is the continuation of the work of Konrad Lorenz, the behavioral
scientist who became famous for his experiments with greylag geese.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;(Laughs) It would
sound presumptuous to say I want to follow in Lorenz’s footsteps. It’s
interesting that the AI ​​comes up with that. But certainly, we do look at
instinctive behavior. In my opinion, instincts offer the best chance of linking
behavior to the structure of the nervous system and the underlying genetic
information. Lorenz and his Dutch colleague Nikolaas Tinbergen set the
standards for researching such behavior—and that remains the case today.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;That makes it
sound as though research hasn&#39;t made any decisive progress since then?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Oh, absolutely—an
incredible amount of neuroscientific insight has been gained and facts
established in recent years. But what’s still missing is the grand theory. If
you will, we are still missing the Darwin of neuroscience. Kandel’s *Principles
of Neural Science*—the standard textbook—has grown thicker with every edition.
Yet what we actually want is for these books to eventually get thinner as
fundamental principles emerge from the findings. Darwin’s *On the Origin of
Species* isn&#39;t a massive tome, after all. In brain research, our theory is
lagging behind the sheer volume of information being gathered at breakneck
speed across all levels—from behavioral science to molecular neuroscience.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;It often comes
down to brain plasticity—including in your work. Was the brain&#39;s flexibility
underestimated?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Definitely. The
adult brain is far more plastic than was long thought, and we still don&#39;t know
enough about what limits that plasticity. We do see, however, that hormones can
enable new plasticity. We repeatedly recapitulate early development. This applies,
for instance, when women become pregnant or when people become
parents—situations where this brain change is an adaptation to new challenges.
But that holds true later on, too.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Do we reinvent
ourselves neurologically in old age?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Absolutely. My
wife is a clinical psychologist specializing in people over the age of 65. A
great deal can still be achieved there through cognitive behavioral therapy or
speech therapy. If brain plasticity didn&#39;t exist, her job would be pointless.
We need more openness again. You still frequently hear the narrative that older
people are set in their ways and not open-minded. That is obviously not the
case.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Can the results
of your research on mice be applied to humans?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Processes like
pregnancy are similar in mice and humans, as are the types of hormones
involved. The structural changes are comparable, too. There are simply limits
to what we can study in humans; that is the reason for our animal experiments.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;What is your most
spectacular discovery? &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;It is
particularly striking that the brain undergoes structural changes during
pregnancy, effectively preparing for parenthood in anticipation—even before the
offspring are born. I find it equally fascinating that females can acquire
equally pronounced parental behavior simply through observation and social
experience—entirely without pregnancy and the associated hormonal changes. The
resulting behavior is very similar, yet the path taken to reach it appears to
differ. We are therefore interested in whether the same neuronal circuits
undergo different forms of remodeling at the cellular level depending on the
trigger.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;What other
behaviors are you interested in?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Aggression, for
instance, or foraging. For all these types of behavior, a few thousand
molecularly defined nerve cells in the brain—so-called &quot;entry
points&quot;—have been identified as controlling the behavior. We can
selectively manipulate these groups of neurons; we no longer simply poke around
in the brain at random.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Can insights into
these circuits be applied to therapies or education?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Our primary goal
is to understand the fundamental rules governing how neuronal circuits change
in the adult brain. This is basic research, yet it often serves as the first
step toward medical progress. Only when we understand how the brain adapts to
changing internal states under normal conditions—such as during pregnancy—can
we identify why these adaptive processes become unbalanced in cases of illness.
In the long run, this knowledge could help develop new approaches for
preventing or treating conditions like postpartum depression.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Interview
conducted by Joachim Müller-Jung.&quot; [1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;1. &quot;Was uns
fehlt, ist ein Darwin&quot;: Hirnforscher sammeln Daten ohne Ende. Alles
erklären kann man damit nicht. Wie der Jungstar der Verhaltensforschung,
Johannes Kohl, einige Lücken schließen will. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung;
Frankfurt. 08 July 2026: N1.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/3151168459037333134/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/3151168459037333134' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/3151168459037333134'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/3151168459037333134'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/what-we-lack-is-darwin-brain.html' title='&quot;What we lack is a Darwin&quot;: Brain researchers are amassing endless amounts of data. Yet that cannot explain everything. Here is how behavioral research rising star Johannes Kohl aims to fill some of the gaps. '/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-1774932419226741298</id><published>2026-10-05T12:32:55.135-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T12:32:55.135-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Pranešimas Stokholme: Nobelio medicinos premija skirta dviem vokiečių optogenetikams</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;„Nobelio
medicinos premija skirta dviem vokiečiams Peteriui Hegemannui ir Georgui
Nageliui bei JAV tyrėjui Karlui Deisserothui. Jų atradimai optogenetikos
srityje yra pripažįstami.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Šių metų Nobelio
medicinos premija skirta dviem vokiečiams Peteriui Hegemannui ir Georgui
Nageliui bei JAV tyrėjui Karlui Deisserothui. Hegemannas atlieka tyrimus
Berlyno Humboldto universitete, o Nagelis – Viurcburgo universitete. Nobelio
komitetas tai paskelbė pirmadienio popietę Stokholme.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Jų atradimai optogenetikos srityje yra pripažįstami.
Šioje srityje derinami optikos ir genetikos metodai, skirti neinvaziniam
individualių neuronų stimuliavimui.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Tai parodo, „kaip
nervų ląstelės smegenyse formuoja prisiminimus, jausmus ir elgesį“, – aiškino
Nobelio komitetas. „Šis metodas dabar naudojamas laboratorijose visame
pasaulyje, siekiant atskleisti smegenų paslaptis.“&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Nobelio komitetas
paaiškino, kad šis metodas parodo, kaip nervų ląstelės smegenyse formuoja
prisiminimus, jausmus ir elgesį. Praėjusiais metais trims tyrėjams iš JAV ir
Japonijos buvo įteikta Nobelio medicinos premija už atradimus, susijusius su
paties organizmo imuninės sistemos kontrole.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Šią savaitę taip
pat bus paskelbtos Nobelio fizikos (spalio 6 d.), chemijos (spalio 7 d.),
literatūros (spalio 8 d.), taikos (spalio 9 d.) Nobelio premijos, o kitą
pirmadienį – Švedijos Riksbanko ekonomikos mokslų premija (spalio 12 d.).
Pastaroji teikiama tik nuo 1969 m. ir yra vienintelė premija, nepavadinta švedų
pramonininko ir dinamito išradėjo Alfredo Nobelio vardu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Šiais metais
geidžiamiems apdovanojimams skiriama dvylika milijonų Švedijos kronų – maždaug
milijonas eurų – kiekvienoje premijų kategorijoje. Jos bus įteiktos gruodžio 10
d., minint Alfredo Nobelio mirties metines, Stokholme ir Osle.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Pirmosios Nobelio
premijos buvo įteiktos prieš 125 metus. Nobelio fondo duomenimis, iš viso 633
premijos skirtos 990 asmenų, įskaitant 68 moteris, ir 28 organizacijoms, kai kas
iš jų premiją gavo ne kartą.“&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/1774932419226741298/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/1774932419226741298' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/1774932419226741298'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/1774932419226741298'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/pranesimas-stokholme-nobelio-medicinos.html' title='Pranešimas Stokholme: Nobelio medicinos premija skirta dviem vokiečių optogenetikams'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-8102343954276303187</id><published>2026-10-05T12:28:59.720-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T12:28:59.720-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Announcement in Stockholm: Nobel Prize in Medicine Awarded to Two German Optogeneticists</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;„The Nobel Prize
in Medicine goes to two Germans, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel, and US
researcher Karl Deisseroth. They are being honored for their discoveries in the
field of optogenetics.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;This year, the
Nobel Prize in Medicine goes to two Germans, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel,
and US researcher Karl Deisseroth. Hegemann conducts research at Humboldt
University in Berlin, while Nagel works at the University of Würzburg. The
Nobel Committee in Stockholm announced the decision on Monday afternoon.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;They are being recognized for their discoveries in the
field of optogenetics, a technique that combines methods from optics and
genetics to stimulate individual neurons non-invasively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;The Nobel
Committee explained that the technique demonstrates &quot;how nerve cells in
the brain shape memories, feelings, and behaviors.&quot; &quot;This method is
used today in laboratories around the world to unlock the secrets of the
brain.&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Last year, three
researchers from the US and Japan were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for
their insights into the body&#39;s control of the immune system.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;This week, the
Nobel Prizes for Physics (Oct. 6), Chemistry (Oct. 7), Literature (Oct. 8), and
Peace (Oct. 9) will also be announced, followed next Monday by the Sveriges
Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences (Oct. 12). The latter has only been awarded
since 1969 and is the only prize not established by the Swedish industrialist
and dynamite inventor Alfred Nobel.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;This year, the
coveted awards carry a prize of twelve million Swedish kronor—equivalent to
around one million euros—per category. They will be presented in Stockholm and
Oslo on December 10, the anniversary of the founder Alfred Nobel&#39;s death. The
first Nobel Prizes were awarded 125 years ago. According to the Nobel
Foundation, a total of 633 prizes have been awarded to date to 990
individuals—including 68 women—and 28 organizations; some recipients received
the award more than once.“&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin-ernaehrung/nobelpreis-fuer-medizin-geht-an-zwei-deutsche-und-einen-us-amerikaner-accg-201288768.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/8102343954276303187/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/8102343954276303187' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8102343954276303187'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8102343954276303187'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/announcement-in-stockholm-nobel-prize.html' title='Announcement in Stockholm: Nobel Prize in Medicine Awarded to Two German Optogeneticists'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-998290874059341849</id><published>2026-10-05T09:58:17.802-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T12:27:07.108-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Lithuania Has No Luck with Royal Candidates</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal Indent&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;footnote text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;annotation text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;header&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;footer&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;index heading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;table of figures&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;envelope address&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;envelope return&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;footnote reference&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;annotation reference&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;line number&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;page number&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;endnote reference&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;endnote text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;table of authorities&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;macro&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;toa heading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Number&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Number 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Number 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Number 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Number 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Closing&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Signature&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Continue&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Continue 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Continue 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Continue 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Continue 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Message Header&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Salutation&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Date&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text First Indent&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text First Indent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Note Heading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Block Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Hyperlink&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;FollowedHyperlink&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Document Map&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Plain Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;E-mail Signature&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Top of Form&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Bottom of Form&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal (Web)&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Acronym&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Address&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Cite&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Code&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Definition&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Keyboard&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Preformatted&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Sample&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Typewriter&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Variable&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal Table&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;annotation subject&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;No List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Contemporary&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Elegant&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Professional&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Subtle 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Subtle 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Balloon Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Theme&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;41&quot; Name=&quot;Plain Table 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;42&quot; Name=&quot;Plain Table 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;43&quot; Name=&quot;Plain Table 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;44&quot; Name=&quot;Plain Table 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;45&quot; Name=&quot;Plain Table 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;40&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table Light&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 1 Light&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 5 Dark&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 6 Colorful&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 7 Colorful&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 4 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 4 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 4 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 4 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 4 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 4 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 1 Light&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 5 Dark&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 6 Colorful&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 7 Colorful&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 1 Light Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 4 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 5 Dark Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 1 Light Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 4 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 5 Dark Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 1 Light Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 4 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 5 Dark Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;51&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;46&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Table 1 Light Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;47&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;48&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;49&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 4 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;50&quot; Name=&quot;List Table 5 Dark Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
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&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Everyone knows
how things ended tragically for Lithuania’s King Mindaugas. Now, the next
candidate for Lithuanian Queen—Morta Landsbergienė—has sold off all her schools
and fled to Greece.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The school &quot;sell-off&quot;: In
the summer of 2026, it was announced that the international education network
Globeducate had acquired the Queen Morta School and the Vaikystės Sodas (Garden
of Childhood) kindergartens. The goal of the deal was to integrate the
institutions into the international network. The schools themselves continue to
operate successfully in Lithuania, yet Queen Morta is no longer in the country.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The Greece factor: Talk of
&quot;fleeing&quot; arose after it was revealed that the Landsbergis family had
purchased real estate (a house) on the Greek island of Aegina back in 2022. In
interviews, A. Landsbergienė herself has confirmed that while the family loves
spending summers at this villa, they don&#39;t mind the winter either, and the
country itself represents a long-held dream of hers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;You couldn&#39;t make
this stuff up.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/998290874059341849/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/998290874059341849' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/998290874059341849'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/998290874059341849'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/lithuania-has-no-luck-with-royal.html' title='Lithuania Has No Luck with Royal Candidates'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-5560647724441718340</id><published>2026-10-05T09:54:20.185-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T09:54:20.186-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Lietuvai nesiseka su kandidatais į karalius</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Date&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text First Indent&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text First Indent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Note Heading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Block Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Hyperlink&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;FollowedHyperlink&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Document Map&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Plain Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;E-mail Signature&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Top of Form&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Bottom of Form&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal (Web)&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Acronym&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Address&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Cite&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Code&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Definition&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Keyboard&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Preformatted&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Sample&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Typewriter&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Variable&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal Table&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;annotation subject&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;No List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Contemporary&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Elegant&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Professional&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Subtle 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Subtle 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Balloon Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Theme&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;41&quot; Name=&quot;Plain Table 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;42&quot; Name=&quot;Plain Table 2&quot;/&gt;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;45&quot; Name=&quot;Plain Table 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;40&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table Light&quot;/&gt;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;52&quot; Name=&quot;Grid Table 7 Colorful&quot;/&gt;
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 &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt;
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&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;Kaip Lietuvos karaliui
Mindaugui tas liūdnai baigėsi, visi žino. Dabar va sekanti kandidatė į
karalienes, Morta Landsbergienė, išpardavė visas jos mokyklas ir pabėgo į
Graikiją.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0in;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ligatures: none;&quot;&gt;Mokyklų „išpardavimas“:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ligatures: none;&quot;&gt; 2026 m. vasarą paskelbta,
     kad tarptautinis ugdymo tinklas „Globeducate“ įsigijo „Karalienės Mortos
     mokyklą“ bei darželius „Vaikystės sodas“. Sandorio tikslas – integruoti
     įstaigas į tarptautinį tinklą. Pačios mokyklos &lt;b&gt;toliau sėkmingai veikia
     Lietuvoje&lt;/b&gt;, o karalienės Mortos Lietuvoje jau nebėra.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ligatures: none;&quot;&gt;Graikijos
     faktorius:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ligatures: none;&quot;&gt; Kalbos apie „pabėgimą“ kilo po
     to, kai paaiškėjo, jog Landsbergių šeima dar 2022 m. įsigijo nekilnojamojo
     turto (namą) &lt;b&gt;Eginos saloje, Graikijoje&lt;/b&gt;. Pati A. Landsbergienė
     interviu yra patvirtinusi, kad šioje viloje šeima tiesiog labiausiai
     mėgsta vasaras, bet nespjauna ir žiemą, o pati šalis yra ilgametė jos gyvenimo
     svajonė.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ligatures: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ligatures: none;&quot;&gt;Gyvenk ir žvenk.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;LT&quot; style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: LT;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/5560647724441718340/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/5560647724441718340' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/5560647724441718340'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/5560647724441718340'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/lietuvai-nesiseka-su-kandidatais-i.html' title='Lietuvai nesiseka su kandidatais į karalius'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-8822107329647585099</id><published>2026-10-05T09:31:34.966-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T09:31:34.966-07:00</updated><title type='text'>The 2026 Nobel Prize in Medicine Has Been Awarded to Three Scientists for Research into Brain Activity Using the Activation of Neurons Directly within the Brain with Light.</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The method
allows for the insertion of genetic information of light-sensitive proteins into
specific nerve cells.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;By applying
light, individual neurons in a living organism can be switched on or off with
extreme precision.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;This
technology is used to investigate the links between brain circuits and memory,
behavior, and fear mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;“It all began when P. Hegemann started investigating how
unicellular green algae are able to swim toward light. Together with G. Nagel,
they discovered a specific protein that, when exposed to blue light, opens a
channel and generates an electrical impulse. When this protein is introduced
into other cells, they become sensitive to light.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Later, using the gene that encodes this protein, K.
Deisseroth created a light-controlled switch for nerve cells in the brains of
living mice.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;‘It is a highly precise toolkit that enables brain activity
research that would be quite difficult to conduct using other methods,’ stated
Jeremy Berg, a representative of the University of Pittsburgh.”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/8822107329647585099/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/8822107329647585099' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8822107329647585099'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8822107329647585099'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/the-2026-nobel-prize-in-medicine-has.html' title='The 2026 Nobel Prize in Medicine Has Been Awarded to Three Scientists for Research into Brain Activity Using the Activation of Neurons Directly within the Brain with Light.'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-7348957230364057845</id><published>2026-10-05T09:20:13.249-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T09:27:58.959-07:00</updated><title type='text'>2026 metų Nobelio medicinos premija skirta trims mokslininkams – už smegenų veiklos tyrimus, šviesa įjungiant norimus neuronus tiesiogiai smegenyse </title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Metodas
leidžia įterpti, šviesai jautrių, baltymų genetinę informaciją į specifines nervines
ląsteles.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Taikant
šviesą, galima itin tiksliai įjungti arba išjungti pavienius neuronus gyvame
organizme.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Šios
technologijos pagalba tyrinėjami smegenų grandinių ryšiai su atmintimi, elgesiu
bei baimės mechanizmais.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;“Viskas prasidėjo tada, kai P. Hegemannas ėmė tyrinėti, kaip
vienaląsčiai žalieji dumbliai geba plaukti šviesos link. Kartu su G. Nageliu
jie atrado specifinį baltymą, kuris, apšviestas mėlyna šviesa, atveria kanalą
ir sukuria elektrinį impulsą. Įterpus šį baltymą į kitas ląsteles, jos tampa
jautrios šviesai.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Vėliau K. Deisserothas, pasitelkęs šį baltymą koduojantį
geną, sukūrė šviesa valdomą jungiklį, skirtą gyvų pelių smegenų nervinėms
ląstelėms.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;„Tai itin tikslus įrankių rinkinys, leidžiantis atlikti
tokius smegenų veiklos tyrimus, kuriuos kitais būdais atlikti būtų gana sunku“,
– teigė Jeremy Bergas, Pitsbergo universiteto atstovas.”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vz.lt/inovacijos/2026/10/05/prasidedant-nobelio-premiju-savaitei-prognozuojamas-laimejimas-svorio-metimo-vaistu-tyrejams-590925&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/7348957230364057845/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/7348957230364057845' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/7348957230364057845'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/7348957230364057845'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/2026-metu-nobelio-medicinos-premija.html' title='2026 metų Nobelio medicinos premija skirta trims mokslininkams – už smegenų veiklos tyrimus, šviesa įjungiant norimus neuronus tiesiogiai smegenyse '/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-4530375228678849170</id><published>2026-10-05T06:20:11.918-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T06:20:11.918-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Universitetų, kokius mes juos žinome, pabaiga</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Kas negerai su universitetais? Sirakūzų universitetas
nepasiekė 2026 m. užsibrėžto studentų skaičiaus tikslo ir gali patirti 30 mln.
dolerių deficitą. Minesota per dvejus metus sumažina savo biudžetą 225 mln.
dolerių. Tulsa daugiau nei perpus sumažina studijų kainą. Kolegijos priima 4,2
% mažiau bakalauro studentų nei praėjusiais metais. Kornelio, Jeilio,
Vanderbilto ir Vašingtono universitetai Sent Luise pateikė planus –
nepakankamai radikalius, jei manęs klausiate – pertvarkyti universitetą.
Vosamotos universitetas?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kolegijos garsėja kairiųjų pažiūrų profesoriais, kalbos
slopinimu, keistais kursais – Occidental koledže buvo dėstomas „Nepakeliamas
Barbės baltumas“ – ir lengvu vertinimu, o ne kritiniu mąstymu, sprendimų
priėmimu ir problemų sprendimu. Lengva kaltinti dirbtinį intelektą, tačiau
problemos slypi giliau:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;– Gabumai. Byloje „Griggs prieš Duke Power“ (1971 m.)
Aukščiausiasis Teismas faktiškai uždraudė korporacijoms atlikti intelekto
testus, todėl įmonės pasikliauja kolegijomis, kad jos atliktų savo rūšiavimą
per gabumų testus, tokius kaip SAT. Tai lėmė prekės ženklo kūrimą ir
kvalifikacijų lavinimą, bet šis žaidimas baigėsi. Kornelio ataskaitoje
atkreiptas dėmesys į darbdavių „sukrečiantį“ skepticizmą kolegijų absolventų
atžvilgiu, nes jiems trūksta tokių darbo įgūdžių kaip „gebėjimas susidoroti su
neapibrėžtumu ir spręsti problemas, į kurias nėra aiškių atsakymų“. „Forbes“
apklausa parodė, kad beveik pusė įmonių vadovų arba rečiau samdo Ivy lygos
absolventus nei prieš penkerius metus, arba niekada jų neįdarbintų.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;-- Priėmimas. „Holistinės apžvalgos“, kuriose ignoruojami
gabumai ir pažymiai, sumažina svarstyklių skaičių ir kenkia kolegijų prekės
ženklams. Kartu su sportinėmis stipendijomis ir lengvomis specialybėmis jos
pritraukia nepakankamai kvalifikuotus studentus, kurie tampa prastesnės
kvalifikacijos darbuotojais.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;-- Apskaita. 1945 m. Vannevaras Bushas pasiūlė JAV
vyriausybei finansuoti „fundamentinius tyrimus kolegijose, universitetuose ir
tyrimų institutuose“, kurie tapo dideliu verslu. Tačiau universitetai tapo
godūs ir piktnaudžiavo sistema, per daug apmokestindami vyriausybę už
pridėtines išlaidas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Šis verslo modelis dabar kelia įtarimų. Trumpo
administracija nustatė 15 % ribą „netiesioginių išlaidų tarifams“. 2025 m.
atliktas tyrimas parodė, kad daugiau nei 350 institucijų, finansuojamų
Nacionalinių sveikatos institutų (NIH), vidutinis sutartinis netiesioginių
išlaidų tarifas siekė 58 proc., o faktinis pridėtinių išlaidų tarifas –
vidutiniškai 42 proc. Trumpo administracijos nustatyta 15 proc. riba daugeliu
atvejų buvo panaikinta, ir administracija kol kas atsitraukė, tačiau matėme atvejų,
kai mokslinių tyrimų finansavimas buvo nutrauktas. Verta atkreipti dėmesį į
raginimus „kreiptis į absolventus dėl papildomų lėšų“, nes mokslinių tyrimų
pridėtinės išlaidos gali nebeveikti kaip „riebi karvė“, iš kurios finansuojama
universiteto miestelio prabanga.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tai apima ir profesorių atlyginimus. Daugelis nustebo 2024
m., kai Claudine Gay buvo atleista iš Harvardo prezidentės pareigų ir grįžo
dirbti profesore už 900 000 JAV dolerių atlyginimą. Vidutinis pilno etato
profesoriaus atlyginimas Harvarde 2026 m. siekia 293 619 JAV dolerių – tai 6,4
proc. daugiau nei praėjusiais metais. Lažinčiausi, kad daugelis jų nekenčia
kapitalizmo, tačiau mielai naudojasi jo teikiamais vaisiais.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;-- Įperkamumas. Studentų paskolos skatina nuolatinį studijų
kainos kilimą. Tas pats pasakytina apie didelius profesorių atlyginimus ir
išpūstą administracinį aparatą. Šešiolikoje kolegijų ir universitetų studijos
bei pragyvenimas kainuoja daugiau nei 100 000 JAV dolerių per metus. Kokia iš
to nauda? Už mažesnę sumą studentai galėtų įsigyti neblogą GPU serverių bloką
ir įkurti savo dirbtinio intelekto (DI) įmonę.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;-- Dirbtinis intelektas. Atrodo, kad profesoriai ir
studentai tik imituoja mokymosi procesą, tad egzistuoja didžiulė struktūrinė
problema. Ar „ChatGPT“ parašytus rašinius vertina „Claude“? Kam vargti?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Prieš trejus metus „OpenAI“ sukurtas GPT-4 modelis SAT
egzamine surinko 1 410 taškų – galbūt pakankamai, kad įstotum į Mičigano
universitetą. Nuo to laiko DI išlaikė advokatūros ir medicinos licencijavimo
egzaminus; tai daugiau pasako apie pasenusius egzaminus nei apie žmonių
gebėjimų trūkumą – galbūt tai senstelėjusios švietimo sistemos požymis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dar labiau nerimą kelia 2025 m. Harvardo tyrimas, rodantis,
kad „DI paremtas mokymas (angl. *tutoring*) yra efektyvesnis už aktyvųjį
mokymąsi klasėje“ [1]. Ar mokytojai ir profesoriai tampa nebereikalingi?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Universitetai gali pasinaudoti DI teikiamomis galimybėmis, o
ne jį drausti. „Išminčiaus ant pakylos“ (pasyvaus paskaitų klausymo) formatas
atgyveno. Mokymasis turi būti grindžiamas patirtimi. Verslo pasauliui vis
mažiau sureikšminant universiteto vardą Absolventams būtų naudinga įgyti
daugiau praktinės patirties. Universitetai turi puikias galimybes įdiegti tai,
ką vadinu „virtualiomis pameistrystės programomis“ – tai reali darbo patirtis
dar studijų metu.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Siūlau visiems studentams visus trečiuosius studijų metus
skirti komandiniams projektams. Užduotys galėtų apimti, pavyzdžiui, autonominių
autobusų ar maistą gaminančių robotų kūrimą. Būtų buriamos tarpdisciplininės,
pačios save organizuojančios komandos. Prireiktų ne tik inžinierių bei
programuotojų, bet ir teisės bei politikos mokslų studentų, kurie pasirūpintų
teisiniu reglamentavimu, filosofų ir rinkodaros specialistų, rašančių
pranešimus spaudai, taip pat dizainerių, mitybos specialistų ir t. t.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Individualiu tempu vykstantis mokymasis su dirbtinio
intelekto (DI) pagalba gali padėti studentams įgyti reikiamų žinių tada, kai
iškyla konkrečių problemų. Išradingas verslininkas galėtų netgi sukurti
studentų perkėlimo portalą, skirtą talentingiems studentams iš kitų
universitetų pritraukti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Gallup“ duomenimis, 2013 m. 70 proc. amerikiečių teigė, kad
aukštasis mokslas yra labai svarbus. Šiandien taip mano tik 31 proc. Jei
universitetai nepasikeis, daugelis jų žlugs, o kiti per kelis dešimtmečius
sunyks. DI ir alternatyvūs metodai jau kyla. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Reikia radikalių priemonių, norint sustabdyti
kadaise puikių mūsų universitetų nuosmukį. Kas imsis iniciatyvos? [2]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. Tyrime DI korepetavimas pranoksta aktyvų mokymąsi
klasėje: atsitiktinių imčių kontroliuojamajame tyrime (RCT), kuriame
autentiškoje edukacinėje aplinkoje buvo pristatytas naujas tyrimais pagrįstas
dizainas, nebuvo naudojama komercinė ar standartinė korepetavimo paslauga su
mažmenine kaina; vietoj to buvo naudojamas specialiai Harvardo tyrėjų sukurtas,
pagal tyrimus sukurtas DI korepetitorius (projekto medžiagoje vadinamas PS2
Pal).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tyrimo ir paslaugos informacija&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;• Paslaugos pavadinimas: tyrimų komandos sukurtas,
specialiai sukurtas DI korepetitorius, naudojant generatyvinį DI,
struktūrizuotą pedagoginį pagrindą, valdomą problemų sprendimą ir pritaikytą
kelių žingsnių raginimą, o ne atvirą ar nevaldomą pokalbių robotą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;• Kaina: Nemokama / netaikoma (eksperimentinis prototipas).
Įrankį 194 įvadiniams fizikos studentams sukūrė Gregas Kestinas, Kelly Miller
ir kolegos Harvardo universitete, ir jam nebuvo taikoma jokia komercinė kaina
ar vartotojų prenumeratos mokestis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;2025 m. „Scientific Reports“ paskelbtame Harvardo
universiteto tyrime teigiama, kad pedagogiškai struktūrizuotas dirbtinio
intelekto korepetitorius („PS2 Pal“, sukurtas GPT-4 pagrindu), palyginti su
tradiciniu aktyviu mokymusi klasėje, įvadinėje fizikoje davė daugiau nei
dvigubai daugiau mokymosi rezultatų, o visa tai užtruko trumpiau.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Šio tyrimo sėkmės raktas buvo ne tik dirbtinio intelekto
galimybės, bet ir pedagoginė greitoji inžinerija: dirbtiniam intelektui buvo
aiškiai uždrausta pateikti atsakymus, o vietoj to jis rėmėsi žingsnis po
žingsnio patikrintais sprendimais, adaptyviais pastoliais ir padėjo mokiniams
dinamiškai spręsti problemas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kelios komerciškai prieinamos dirbtinio intelekto
korepetitorių sistemos imituoja šį struktūrizuotą, pastoliais pagrįstą požiūrį,
o ne veikia kaip vien „atsakymų varikliai“:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Komerciškai prieinami dirbtinio intelekto korepetitoriai su
struktūrizuotais pastoliais&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;• „Khanmigo“ (kūrėjas – „Khan Academy“): sukurtas glaudžiai
bendradarbiaujant su „OpenAI“, „Khanmigo“ yra bene artimiausias komercinis
Harvardo modelio atitikmuo. Jis sąmoningai programuojamas kaip Sokrato vadovas.
Kai mokinys susiduria su matematikos ar gamtos mokslų problema, jis atsisako
pateikti tiesioginį atsakymą. Vietoj to, ji užduoda tiriamuosius klausimus,
nustato konkretų žingsnį, kuriame mokinys padarė klaidą, ir nutiesia kelią į
sprendimą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;• „Synthea“ (parengė „Alfa mokykla“): Remiantis tiksliomis
Harvardo tyrimuose išryškintomis metodikomis, „Synthea“ ir „Alpha School“
pagrindinė programinė įranga orientuota į adaptyvų skaitmeninį meistriškumą.
Platforma padeda mokiniams įveikti griežtas pagrindines mokymo programas,
naudodama dirbtinio intelekto grįžtamojo ryšio ciklus, kurie dinamiškai
koreguoja problemų sudėtingumą pagal realaus laiko rezultatus, nepraleisdami
kritinio mąstymo žingsnių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;• „Q-Chat“ (kūrėjas – „Quizlet“): sukurta naudojant „OpenAI“
GPT modelius, „Q-Chat“ veikia kaip asmeninis mokytojas, taikantis pokalbių
pagrindus. Ji naudoja adaptyvius mokymosi metodus, tokius kaip supratimo
gilinimas naudojant tikslinius tolesnius klausimus, vartotojo žinių testavimas
iš kelių kampų ir pokalbiais pagrįstos sąsajos naudojimas, siekiant išlaikyti
vartotoją aktyvų įsitraukimą, o ne pasyvų medžiagos skaitymą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;• „Century Tech“ (Century): daugiausia naudojama įvairiose
įstaigose ir mokyklose, ši platforma naudoja dirbtinį intelektą ir kognityvinį
neuromokslą, kad sukurtų struktūrizuoto mikromokymosi „grynuosius“. Ji nuolat
diagnozuoja mokinio žinių spragas ir pritaiko pamokų tempą bei struktūrinį
vadovavimą, užtikrindama, kad mokiniai aktyviai spręstų konceptualias kliūtis.
Pagrindinis palyginimas: standartiniai DI ir struktūrinio DI mokytojai&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Funkcijos: standartinis DI (pvz., įprastas „ChatGPT“ /
„Gemini“) Struktūrinio DI mokytojai (pvz., „Harvard Study Model“, „Khanmigo“)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pagrindinis tikslas: greitas rezultatų generavimas ir
tiesioginiai atsakymai. Konceptualus įvaldymas ir kognityvinis augimas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pedagoginė strategija: nedelsiant nurodo vartotojui
sprendimą. Naudojami sokratiški klausimai ir nuoseklus mokymasis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Klaidų tvarkymas: ištaiso klaidą vartotojui. Ragina
vartotoją pačiam surasti ir ištaisyti savo logines klaidas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tempas: visiškai vartotojo valdomas. Adaptyvus duomenų
stebėjimas, kuris dinamiškai keičia sudėtingumo lygį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;2. Inside View: The End of College as We Know It. Kessler,
Andy.  Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026:
A15.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/4530375228678849170/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/4530375228678849170' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/4530375228678849170'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/4530375228678849170'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/universitetu-kokius-mes-juos-zinome.html' title='Universitetų, kokius mes juos žinome, pabaiga'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-8561733864927524996</id><published>2026-10-05T06:11:27.349-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T06:11:27.349-07:00</updated><title type='text'>  The End of College as We Know It</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;“What&#39;s the matter with universities? Syracuse missed its
2026 enrollment target and may run a $30 million deficit. Minnesota is cutting
its budget by $225 million over two years. Tulsa is slashing tuition by more
than half. Colleges enroll 4.2% fewer undergraduates than last year. Cornell,
Yale, Vanderbilt and Washington University in St. Louis put out plans -- not
radical enough, if you ask me -- to reimagine the university. Wossamotta U?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Colleges are
known for left-leaning professors, speech suppression, bizarre courses --
Occidental College taught &quot;The Unbearable Whiteness of Barbie&quot; -- and
easy grading more than critical thinking, judgment and problem solving. It&#39;s
easy to blame artificial intelligence, but problems run deeper:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;-- Aptitude.
In Griggs v. Duke Power (1971), the Supreme Court effectively banned
corporations from giving intelligence tests, so companies rely on colleges to
do their sorting via aptitude tests like the SAT. That led to branding and
credentialism, but that game is over. A Cornell report noted employers&#39;
&quot;jarring&quot; skepticism of college graduates because they lack job
skills such as &quot;the ability to handle uncertainty and solve problems that
do not have clear answers.&quot; A Forbes survey found almost half of corporate
executives are either less likely to hire Ivy League graduates than they were
five years ago or would never hire them.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;--
Admissions. &quot;Holistic reviews&quot; that ignore aptitude and grades put a
thumb on the scale and harm college brands. In combination with athletic
scholarships and easy majors, they bring in underqualified students who are
churned out as subpar employees.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;--
Accounting. In 1945, Vannevar Bush suggested the U.S. government fund
&quot;basic research in the colleges, universities and research
institutes,&quot; which became a big business. But universities got greedy and
abused the system by overcharging the government for overhead.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;That
business model is now suspect. The Trump administration instituted a 15% cap on
&quot;indirect cost rates.&quot; A 2025 study found that at more than 350
institutions funded by the National Institutes of Health, the average
negotiated indirect cost rate was 58% and the effective actual overhead rate
averaged 42%. The Trump administration&#39;s 15% cap was struck down in most cases
and the administration has backed off for now, but we&#39;ve seen research funds
cut off. Watch for &quot;let&#39;s hit up alumni for more&quot; as research
overhead may no longer be an overstuffed cow to pay for campus excesses.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;That
includes professor salaries. Many eyebrows lifted in 2024 when Claudine Gay was
fired as Harvard president and went back to being a professor, at a $900,000
salary. The average full professor salary at Harvard in 2026 is $293,619, up
6.4% from last year. I&#39;d bet many of them hate capitalism but are happy to
enjoy its fruits.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;--
Affordability. Student loans lead to constant tuition hikes. Same for high
professor salaries and administrative bloat. Sixteen colleges and universities
cost more than $100,000 a year in tuition and expenses. Where&#39;s the value?
Students could buy a decent GPU rack and start their own AI company for less.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;--
Artificial Intelligence. Professors and students seem to be going through the
motions of learning, so there&#39;s a huge structural problem. Do ChatGPT-written
essays get graded by Claude? Why bother?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Three years ago, OpenAI&#39;s GPT-4 scored 1,410 on the SAT,
maybe enough to get into Michigan. Since then, AI has passed bar exams and
medical licensing exams, which says more about these outdated tests than the
inadequacy of humans, perhaps a sign of an antiquated education system. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Even worse
is a 2025 Harvard study, &quot;AI tutoring outperforms in-class active
learning.&quot; [1] Are teachers and professors becoming obsolete?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Universities can take advantage of AI rather than ban it.
The sage-on-a-stage format is over. Learning is experiential. As corporate
America rejects college branding, graduates would benefit from more hands-on
experience. Universities may be uniquely positioned to implement what I call
&quot;virtual apprenticeships,&quot; real job experience while still at school.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;I suggest all students spend their entire junior year on
team projects. Assignments might include building nuclear autonomous buses or
robots that cook. Cross-discipline self-organizing teams will form. You&#39;ll need
engineers and coders, but also prelaw and political-science majors to clear the
regulatory path, philosophers and marketing majors to write press releases,
designers, nutritionists, etc.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Self-paced AI-tutored instruction can help students learn
what they need as problems arise. A smart entrepreneur might even create a
student transfer portal to recruit talented students from other universities.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;According to Gallup, in 2013, 70% of Americans said college
was very important. Today it&#39;s only 31%. If universities don&#39;t change, more
than a few will implode, while others will wither away over decades. AI and
alternative forms of learning are already rising. Something radical is needed
to stop the decay of our once great universities. Who will step up?” [2]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. The study AI tutoring outperforms in-class active
learning: an RCT introducing a novel research-based design in an authentic
educational setting did not use a commercial or off-the-shelf tutoring service
with a retail price tag; instead, it used a custom-built, research-designed AI
tutor (referred to in project materials as PS2 Pal) developed specifically by
the Harvard researchers for the experiment. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Study and Service Details&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Service
Name: A custom, purpose-built AI tutor engineered by the research team using
generative AI, structured pedagogical scaffolding, guided problem-solving, and
tailored multi-step prompting rather than an open or unguided chatbot. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Price: Free
/ Not Applicable (Experimental Prototype). The tool was created internally by
Greg Kestin, Kelly Miller, and colleagues at Harvard University for 194
introductory physics students and had no commercial price or consumer
subscription cost attached to it. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The 2025
Harvard study published in Scientific Reports demonstrated that a pedagogically
structured AI tutor (&quot;PS2 Pal,&quot; built on GPT-4) yielded more than
double the learning gains in introductory physics compared to traditional
in-class active learning—all while taking less time. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The key to this study&#39;s success was not just raw AI
capability, but pedagogical prompt engineering: the AI was explicitly barred
from giving away answers, relying instead on step-by-step verified solutions,
adaptive scaffolding, and guiding students to figure out problems dynamically. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Several commercially available AI tutoring systems mimic
this structured, scaffolding-based approach rather than acting as mere
&quot;answer engines&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Commercially Available AI Tutors with Structured Scaffolding&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Khanmigo (by Khan Academy): Developed
in close partnership with OpenAI, Khanmigo is arguably the closest commercial
equivalent to the Harvard model. It is intentionally programmed as a Socratic
guide. When a student struggles with a math or science problem, it refuses to
provide the direct answer. Instead, it asks probing questions, identifies the
specific step where the student made a mistake, and scaffolds the path to the
solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Synthea (by
Alpha School): Referencing the exact methodologies highlighted by the Harvard
research, Synthea and Alpha School&#39;s underlying software focus on adaptive
digital mastery. The platform guides students through rigorous core curriculums
using AI feedback loops that dynamically adjust problem difficulty based on
real-time performance without bypassing critical thinking steps. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Q-Chat (by
Quizlet): Built using OpenAI’s GPT models, Q-Chat acts as a personal tutor that
applies conversational scaffolding. It uses adaptive learning techniques like
deepening comprehension through targeted follow-up questions, testing a user&#39;s
knowledge from multiple angles, and utilizing a chat-based interface to keep
the user actively engaged rather than passively reading material.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;•&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Century
Tech (Century): Primarily utilized across institutional and school settings,
this platform uses AI and cognitive neuroscience to create &quot;nuggets&quot;
of structured micro-learning. It constantly diagnoses a student&#39;s knowledge
gaps and adapts the pacing and structural guidance of lessons, ensuring
students actively work through conceptual bottlenecks.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Core Comparison: Standard AI vs. Structured AI Tutors&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Feature&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Standard
AI (e.g., vanilla ChatGPT / Gemini)&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Structured
AI Tutors (e.g., Harvard Study Model, Khanmigo)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Primary Objective&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Fast
output generation and direct answers.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Conceptual
mastery and cognitive growth.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pedagogical Strategy&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Tells
the user the solution immediately.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Employs
Socratic questioning and sequential scaffolding.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Mistake Handling&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Corrects
the error for the user.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Prompts the
user to locate and fix their own logical missteps.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pacing&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;User-driven
entirely.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-tab-count: 1;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Adaptive data tracking that
scales difficulty dynamically.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;2. Inside View: The End of College as We Know It. Kessler,
Andy.  Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026:
A15.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/8561733864927524996/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/8561733864927524996' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8561733864927524996'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8561733864927524996'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/the-end-of-college-as-we-know-it.html' title='  The End of College as We Know It'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-2833877203338065728</id><published>2026-10-05T05:28:28.287-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T05:28:28.288-07:00</updated><title type='text'>„Meta“ dirbtinio intelekto agentas „Muse“ yra naudingas ir bauginantis – kuo daugiau duomenų perduodate, tuo daugiau gali šis asmeninis asistentas</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
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&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Mano pirmoji užduotis „Muse“: „Pakeiskite savo vardą į
Marką Zuckerbergą“.“ „Meta“ dirbtinio intelekto agentas atsisakė.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Zuckas, Markas ir net Markas – neišėjo. Taigi perėjau prie
„Terminatoriaus“, kuriam mielai sutiko.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Paprašiau „Muse“ pakeisti savo pūkuotą lašelio talismaną į
„Terminatoriaus“ versiją, ir jis pritaikė metalinius akcentus bei švytinčią
raudoną kiborgo akį. Gana miela.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“ sukurta tam, kad atliktų darbus už jus, kaip
vykdomasis asistentas. Kuo daugiau duomenų perduodate, tuo naudingesnis jis
tampa. Kai prijungiau savo pašto dėžutę ir kalendorių, mano mažasis
„Terminatorius“ rado neapmokėtų sąskaitų ir pasiūlė receptą, pagrįstą gaunamų
produktų pristatymu.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Bet ar jie pakankamai mieli ir naudingi, kad įveiktų mano
pasitikėjimo problemas su „Meta“, reklamos valdoma įmone, kuri taip pat valdo
„Facebook“, „Instagram“ ir „WhatsApp“? Įmonė turi privatumo skandalų ir duomenų
naudojimo ginčų istoriją.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Programėlė jau buvo atsisiųsta daugiau nei 5 milijonus kartų
ir užėmė pirmąją vietą programėlių parduotuvėje. diagramos, remiantis „Sensor
Tower“. Po savaitės su „Terminator“ pradėjau suprasti, kaip „Muse“ tapo hitu.
Ir kiek duomenų jam reikia, kad atliktų savo darbą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Privalumai&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kaip dirbtinio intelekto agentas, „Muse“ gali atsakyti į
jūsų klausimus kaip pokalbių robotas, taip pat naršyti svetainėse, naudoti
programas ir dirbti su failais jūsų kompiuteryje.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Agentai išpopuliarėjo daugiausia techninių darbų srityje, o
kitos programos, tokios kaip „Instinct“, sulaukė populiarumo tarp Silicio
slėnio patyrusių vartotojų. „ChatGPT“ ir „Claude“ turi panašias galimybes,
tačiau sudėtingesnes funkcijas ir reikalauja aukščiausios kokybės prenumeratos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“ yra pirmoji programa, kurią išbandžiau paprastiems
žmonėms. „Meta“ sėkmingai paslėpė agentinio dirbtinio intelekto sudėtingumą po
paprasta, patogia sąsaja. Ir kol kas ji nemokama. Kai pasiekiate naudojimo
ribą, galite mokėti už daugiau žetonų, pradedant nuo 20 USD per mėnesį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kiekvienas „Muse“ vartotojas gauna saugią „virtualią mašiną“
– nematomą debesies kompiuterį su savo failų sistema ir interneto naršykle,
kuri retkarčiais pasirodo vartotojo ekrane.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Savo bandymui pradėjau galvoti Administravimo užduotys
realiame gyvenime. Pirma: lietpaltis mano vaiko dviračio sėdynei. Radau
europietišką ir paprašiau „Terminatoriaus“ surasti JAV mažmenininką. Jis buvo
tuščias, bet radau puikią alternatyvą Kalifornijoje ir įkėliau atsiskaitymo
puslapį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tada „Terminatorius“ paprašė mano kreditinės kortelės.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tiesą sakant, jis paragino mane prisijungti prie „Link by
Stripe“, kurioje saugomi mokėjimo būdai.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasirinkau ne „Link“, vietoj to spustelėjau „Perimti
naršyklės valdymą“ ir pats įvedžiau kortelės numerį. Lietaus apsiaustas šiuo
metu yra pakeliui.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tada paklausiau, ar mano sporto salė siūlo narystės ir
rekomendacijos privalumus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Agentas atsakė su įdomia akcija: 50 % man ir mano draugui.
Tačiau pasiūlymas buvo skirtas visiškai kitam sporto klubui visiškai kitoje
pakrantėje. Net ir mieli dirbtiniai intelektai gali suklysti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“, kaip ir galima tikėtis, puikiai išmanė „Facebook
Marketplace“. Paprašiau „Terminatoriaus“ surasti baltojo triukšmo aparatą. Jis
rado pigų netoliese ir parašė atsiėmimo žinutę.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Bet kaip „Muse“ susitvarkys su mūsų labirintiška vaikų
priežiūros rezervavimo platforma? Daviau jai keturias datas ir pageidaujamas
aukles. Kai prisijungiau rankiniu būdu, ji rezervavo laiką, kol aš gaminau
pietus. Ji netgi pasiūlė pridėti įvykius prie mano „Google“ kalendoriaus, todėl
prijungiau jį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ausyse girdėjau kibernetinio saugumo specialistų riksmus.
Bet norėjau pamatyti, ką „Muse“ gali padaryti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Taip pat prijungiau savo asmeninę „Gmail“ paskyrą su „tik
skaitymo“ prieiga: ji galėjo matyti el. laiškus, bet negalėjo jų ištrinti ar
įrašyti gėdingų pastabų į visą mano adresų knygą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“ aptiko pamirštą sąskaitą pas odontologą. Stebėti,
kaip agentas pildo ilgą formą su duomenimis iš mano gautųjų, pvz., mano vizito
data ir gimimo data, buvo magiška, bet kartu ir šiek tiek šiurpu.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Agentas taip pat sugebėjo surinkti viską, ko man reikėjo
„Global Entry“ paraiškoms, iš mano kalendoriaus ir gautųjų, įskaitant penkerių
metų tarptautinių kelionių istoriją.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tačiau ne visos užduotys sėkmingos. Mano kolegė Meghan
paprašė „Muse“ rasti pigesnį automobilio draudimą. Ji pateikė jos informaciją
pasiūlymams, bet pasakė, kad jos dabartinė įmoka yra mažiausia, kokia tik
įmanoma. Vienas paslaugų teikėjas jai paskambino ir galiausiai pasiūlė geresnes
sąlygas, nei anksčiau nurodė „Muse“. Jei ji nebūtų kalbėjusis su gyvu žmogumi,
būtų praradusi galimybę sutaupyti 420 JAV dolerių per metus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Žinau, turbūt galvojate: ar tikrai taip sunku užpildyti
formą? Suprantu, tačiau taip pat vertinu įrankius, padedančius išbraukti
punktus iš nesibaigiančio darbų sąrašo.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tai kodėl gi nebeturėčiau naudotis „Muse“?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Rizika&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Bet kokia informacija, kuria dalijatės su „Muse“, techniškai
gali būti perduota „Meta“. Bendrovė teigia, kad ji nebus naudojama reklamai
rodyti, tačiau gali būti pasitelkta dirbtinio intelekto modeliams mokyti. Šios
funkcijos galite atsisakyti nuėję į „Settings“ (Nustatymai) &amp;gt; „Data
controls“ (Duomenų valdymas). „Meta“ tvirtina, kad darbuotojai neturės prieigos
prie paskyrų, išskyrus ypatingus atvejus, pavyzdžiui, gavus teisėsaugos
institucijų prašymą arba vartotojui pranešus apie problemą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Meta“ žada vėliau šiais metais pasiūlyti konfidencialią
virtualiąją mašiną, kuri šifruoja duomenis, todėl bendrovė negalės pasiekti
susirašinėjimų turinio.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Kiekvienam vartotojui kyla klausimas: kas nutiks, jei jo
įrenginio sistema &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yra pažeista arba
įsilaužiama į pačią paslaugą“, – teigia Trevoras Hilligossas, saugumo bendrovės
„SpyCloud“ žvalgybos vadovas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Paprastai el. paštas, socialinių tinklų programėlės bei
apsipirkimo ir bankininkystės paskyros yra apsaugotos atskirais prisijungimo
duomenimis. Suteikdami vienai paslaugai prieigą prie bet kurios ar visų šių
paskyrų, sukuriate itin vertingą šaltinį kibernetiniam įsilaužėliui, sako T.
Hilligossas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jei įsilaužiama į jūsų „Facebook“ paskyrą, įsilaužėlis gauna
prieigą prie visos informacijos, kuria dalijotės su „Muse“. „Meta“ paprastai
nereikalauja naudoti dviejų veiksnių autentifikavimo, todėl patys turite jį
įjungti ir sugalvoti stiprų, unikalų slaptažodį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Be to, dirbtinio intelekto (DI) agentai gali elgtis
netikėtai. Vartotojai turėtų patys valdyti naršyklę atlikdami veiksmus,
susijusius su pinigais, slaptažodžiais, paskyros nustatymais ar jų vardu
siunčiamais pranešimais, teigia Katie Moussouris, „Luta Security“ vadovė.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“ turi „saugią prisijungimo duomenų saugyklą“; pasak
„Meta“, ji leidžia agentui naudoti slaptažodžius jų nematant. Geriau būtų
integruoti slaptažodžių tvarkyklę, pritaikytą dirbti su tokiais agentais;
„1Password“ praneša, kad partnerystė su „Muse“ bus pradėta įgyvendinti po kelių
savaičių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;DI agentus taip pat galima apgauti, sako K. Moussouris.
Interneto svetainėje ar el. laiške gali būti paslėptų komandų, liepiančių
robotams nepaisyti nurodymų ir vietoj to siųsti asmeninius duomenis į
įsilaužėlių paskyras.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Meta“ pristatė saugumo priemones, kurios nurodo agentui
nepaisyti įterptųjų komandų (angl. *prompt injections*) ir riboja jo prieigą
prie konfidencialios informacijos. Bendrovė pripažįsta, kad „Muse“ „kartais
gali klysti“.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kol kas elgsiuosi atsargiai ir iš naujo nustatysiu „Muse“
parametrus. Nors galiu pakeisti nuomonę, kai atsiras konfidencialumo
parinktis.“ [1] &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Mano pirmoji užduotis „Muse“: „Pakeiskite savo vardą į
Marką Zuckerbergą“.“ „Meta“ dirbtinio intelekto agentas atsisakė.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Zuckas, Markas ir net Markas – neišėjo. Taigi perėjau prie
„Terminatoriaus“, kuriam mielai sutiko.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Paprašiau „Muse“ pakeisti savo pūkuotą lašelio talismaną į
„Terminatoriaus“ versiją, ir jis pritaikė metalinius akcentus bei švytinčią
raudoną kiborgo akį. Gana miela.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“ sukurta tam, kad atliktų darbus už jus, kaip
vykdomasis asistentas. Kuo daugiau duomenų perduodate, tuo naudingesnis jis
tampa. Kai prijungiau savo pašto dėžutę ir kalendorių, mano mažasis
„Terminatorius“ rado neapmokėtų sąskaitų ir pasiūlė receptą, pagrįstą gaunamų
produktų pristatymu.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Bet ar jie pakankamai mieli ir naudingi, kad įveiktų mano
pasitikėjimo problemas su „Meta“, reklamos valdoma įmone, kuri taip pat valdo
„Facebook“, „Instagram“ ir „WhatsApp“? Įmonė turi privatumo skandalų ir duomenų
naudojimo ginčų istoriją.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Programėlė jau buvo atsisiųsta daugiau nei 5 milijonus kartų
ir užėmė pirmąją vietą programėlių parduotuvėje. diagramos, remiantis „Sensor
Tower“. Po savaitės su „Terminator“ pradėjau suprasti, kaip „Muse“ tapo hitu.
Ir kiek duomenų jam reikia, kad atliktų savo darbą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Privalumai&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kaip dirbtinio intelekto agentas, „Muse“ gali atsakyti į
jūsų klausimus kaip pokalbių robotas, taip pat naršyti svetainėse, naudoti
programas ir dirbti su failais jūsų kompiuteryje.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Agentai išpopuliarėjo daugiausia techninių darbų srityje, o
kitos programos, tokios kaip „Instinct“, sulaukė populiarumo tarp Silicio
slėnio patyrusių vartotojų. „ChatGPT“ ir „Claude“ turi panašias galimybes,
tačiau sudėtingesnes funkcijas ir reikalauja aukščiausios kokybės prenumeratos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“ yra pirmoji programa, kurią išbandžiau paprastiems
žmonėms. „Meta“ sėkmingai paslėpė agentinio dirbtinio intelekto sudėtingumą po
paprasta, patogia sąsaja. Ir kol kas ji nemokama. Kai pasiekiate naudojimo
ribą, galite mokėti už daugiau žetonų, pradedant nuo 20 USD per mėnesį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kiekvienas „Muse“ vartotojas gauna saugią „virtualią mašiną“
– nematomą debesies kompiuterį su savo failų sistema ir interneto naršykle,
kuri retkarčiais pasirodo vartotojo ekrane.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Savo bandymui pradėjau galvoti Administravimo užduotys
realiame gyvenime. Pirma: lietpaltis mano vaiko dviračio sėdynei. Radau
europietišką ir paprašiau „Terminatoriaus“ surasti JAV mažmenininką. Jis buvo
tuščias, bet radau puikią alternatyvą Kalifornijoje ir įkėliau atsiskaitymo
puslapį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tada „Terminatorius“ paprašė mano kreditinės kortelės.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tiesą sakant, jis paragino mane prisijungti prie „Link by
Stripe“, kurioje saugomi mokėjimo būdai.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasirinkau ne „Link“, vietoj to spustelėjau „Perimti
naršyklės valdymą“ ir pats įvedžiau kortelės numerį. Lietaus apsiaustas šiuo
metu yra pakeliui.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tada paklausiau, ar mano sporto salė siūlo narystės ir
rekomendacijos privalumus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Agentas atsakė su įdomia akcija: 50 % man ir mano draugui.
Tačiau pasiūlymas buvo skirtas visiškai kitam sporto klubui visiškai kitoje
pakrantėje. Net ir mieli dirbtiniai intelektai gali suklysti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“, kaip ir galima tikėtis, puikiai išmanė „Facebook
Marketplace“. Paprašiau „Terminatoriaus“ surasti baltojo triukšmo aparatą. Jis
rado pigų netoliese ir parašė atsiėmimo žinutę.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Bet kaip „Muse“ susitvarkys su mūsų labirintiška vaikų
priežiūros rezervavimo platforma? Daviau jai keturias datas ir pageidaujamas
aukles. Kai prisijungiau rankiniu būdu, ji rezervavo laiką, kol aš gaminau
pietus. Ji netgi pasiūlė pridėti įvykius prie mano „Google“ kalendoriaus, todėl
prijungiau jį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ausyse girdėjau kibernetinio saugumo specialistų riksmus.
Bet norėjau pamatyti, ką „Muse“ gali padaryti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Taip pat prijungiau savo asmeninę „Gmail“ paskyrą su „tik
skaitymo“ prieiga: ji galėjo matyti el. laiškus, bet negalėjo jų ištrinti ar
įrašyti gėdingų pastabų į visą mano adresų knygą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“ aptiko pamirštą sąskaitą pas odontologą. Stebėti,
kaip agentas pildo ilgą formą su duomenimis iš mano gautųjų, pvz., mano vizito
data ir gimimo data, buvo magiška, bet kartu ir šiek tiek šiurpu.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Agentas taip pat sugebėjo surinkti viską, ko man reikėjo
„Global Entry“ paraiškoms, iš mano kalendoriaus ir gautųjų, įskaitant penkerių
metų tarptautinių kelionių istoriją.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tačiau ne visos užduotys sėkmingos. Mano kolegė Meghan
paprašė „Muse“ rasti pigesnį automobilio draudimą. Ji pateikė jos informaciją
pasiūlymams, bet pasakė, kad jos dabartinė įmoka yra mažiausia, kokia tik
įmanoma. Vienas paslaugų teikėjas jai paskambino ir galiausiai pasiūlė geresnes
sąlygas, nei anksčiau nurodė „Muse“. Jei ji nebūtų kalbėjusis su gyvu žmogumi,
būtų praradusi galimybę sutaupyti 420 JAV dolerių per metus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Žinau, turbūt galvojate: ar tikrai taip sunku užpildyti
formą? Suprantu, tačiau taip pat vertinu įrankius, padedančius išbraukti
punktus iš nesibaigiančio darbų sąrašo.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tai kodėl gi nebeturėčiau naudotis „Muse“?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Rizika&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Bet kokia informacija, kuria dalijatės su „Muse“, techniškai
gali būti perduota „Meta“. Bendrovė teigia, kad ji nebus naudojama reklamai
rodyti, tačiau gali būti pasitelkta dirbtinio intelekto modeliams mokyti. Šios
funkcijos galite atsisakyti nuėję į „Settings“ (Nustatymai) &amp;gt; „Data
controls“ (Duomenų valdymas). „Meta“ tvirtina, kad darbuotojai neturės prieigos
prie paskyrų, išskyrus ypatingus atvejus, pavyzdžiui, gavus teisėsaugos
institucijų prašymą arba vartotojui pranešus apie problemą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Meta“ žada vėliau šiais metais pasiūlyti konfidencialią
virtualiąją mašiną, kuri šifruoja duomenis, todėl bendrovė negalės pasiekti
susirašinėjimų turinio.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Kiekvienam vartotojui kyla klausimas: kas nutiks, jei jo
įrenginio sistema&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;yra pažeista arba
įsilaužiama į pačią paslaugą“, – teigia Trevoras Hilligossas, saugumo bendrovės
„SpyCloud“ žvalgybos vadovas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Paprastai el. paštas, socialinių tinklų programėlės bei
apsipirkimo ir bankininkystės paskyros yra apsaugotos atskirais prisijungimo
duomenimis. Suteikdami vienai paslaugai prieigą prie bet kurios ar visų šių
paskyrų, sukuriate itin vertingą šaltinį kibernetiniam įsilaužėliui, sako T.
Hilligossas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jei įsilaužiama į jūsų „Facebook“ paskyrą, įsilaužėlis gauna
prieigą prie visos informacijos, kuria dalijotės su „Muse“. „Meta“ paprastai
nereikalauja naudoti dviejų veiksnių autentifikavimo, todėl patys turite jį
įjungti ir sugalvoti stiprų, unikalų slaptažodį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Be to, dirbtinio intelekto (DI) agentai gali elgtis
netikėtai. Vartotojai turėtų patys valdyti naršyklę atlikdami veiksmus,
susijusius su pinigais, slaptažodžiais, paskyros nustatymais ar jų vardu
siunčiamais pranešimais, teigia Katie Moussouris, „Luta Security“ vadovė.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Muse“ turi „saugią prisijungimo duomenų saugyklą“; pasak
„Meta“, ji leidžia agentui naudoti slaptažodžius jų nematant. Geriau būtų
integruoti slaptažodžių tvarkyklę, pritaikytą dirbti su tokiais agentais;
„1Password“ praneša, kad partnerystė su „Muse“ bus pradėta įgyvendinti po kelių
savaičių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;DI agentus taip pat galima apgauti, sako K. Moussouris.
Interneto svetainėje ar el. laiške gali būti paslėptų komandų, liepiančių
robotams nepaisyti nurodymų ir vietoj to siųsti asmeninius duomenis į
įsilaužėlių paskyras.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Meta“ pristatė saugumo priemones, kurios nurodo agentui
nepaisyti įterptųjų komandų (angl. *prompt injections*) ir riboja jo prieigą
prie konfidencialios informacijos. Bendrovė pripažįsta, kad „Muse“ „kartais
gali klysti“.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kol kas elgsiuosi atsargiai ir iš naujo nustatysiu „Muse“
parametrus. Nors galiu pakeisti nuomonę, kai atsiras konfidencialumo
parinktis.“ [1] &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. Meta&#39;s Muse AI Agent Is Helpful and Scary --- The more
data you hand over, the more this personal assistant can do. Nguyen, Nicole. 
Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026: A11.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/2833877203338065728/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/2833877203338065728' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/2833877203338065728'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/2833877203338065728'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/meta-dirbtinio-intelekto-agentas-muse.html' title='„Meta“ dirbtinio intelekto agentas „Muse“ yra naudingas ir bauginantis – kuo daugiau duomenų perduodate, tuo daugiau gali šis asmeninis asistentas'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-903151973921249580</id><published>2026-10-05T05:21:40.442-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T05:21:40.443-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Meta&#39;s Muse AI Agent Is Helpful and Scary --- The more data you hand over, the more this personal assistant can do</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;“My first task for Muse: &quot;Change your name to Mark
Zuckerberg.&quot; Meta&#39;s AI agent refused.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Zuck, Mark and even Marc -- no dice. So I pivoted to the
Terminator, which was gleefully accepted.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;I asked Muse to Terminator-ify its fuzzy blob mascot, and it
adopted metal accents and a glowing red cyborg eye. Pretty stinkin&#39; cute.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Muse is
designed to do stuff for you, like an executive assistant. The more you hand
over, the more helpful it gets. When I connected my inbox and calendar, my
little Terminator found unpaid bills and suggested a recipe based on an
incoming produce delivery.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But are cute and helpful enough to overcome my trust issues
with Meta, the ad-powered company that also operates Facebook, Instagram and
WhatsApp? The company has a history of privacy scandals and data-use
controversies.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The app has already been downloaded more than 5 million
times and topped app-store charts, according to Sensor Tower. After a week with
the Terminator, I began to see how Muse became a hit. And how much data it
needs to do its job.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The benefits&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;As an AI
agent, Muse can answer your queries like a chatbot, and also click around
websites, use apps and work with files on your computer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Agents have
taken off mostly in tech work, and other apps, such as Instinct, have gained
traction among Silicon Valley power users. ChatGPT and Claude have similar
capabilities but more complicated features and premium subscription
requirements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Muse is the
first app I&#39;ve experienced for normal people. Meta successfully hid the
complexity of agentic AI behind a simple, friendly interface. And for now it&#39;s
free. Once you hit a usage limit, you can pay for more tokens, starting at $20
a month.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Each Muse
user gets a secure &quot;virtual machine,&quot; an unseen cloud computer with
its own file system and a web browser that pops up on the user&#39;s screen from
time to time.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;For my test,
I started thinking up real-life admin tasks. First: a rain poncho for my kid&#39;s
bike seat. I found a European one, and asked the Terminator to hunt for a U.S.
retailer. It came up empty -- but found a great alternative in California and
loaded the checkout page.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Then the Terminator asked for my credit card.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Actually, it prompted me to connect Link by Stripe, which
stores payment methods.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;I opted against Link, instead clicking &quot;Take control of
the browser&quot; and typing in the card number myself. The poncho is currently
en route.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Next, I asked if my gym offered a membership-referral
benefit.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The agent responded with an exciting promo: 50% for both me
and my friend. But the deal was for a totally different gym on a totally
different coast. Even cuddly AIs can make mistakes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Muse was, unsurprisingly, adept at perusing Facebook
Marketplace. I asked the Terminator to find a white-noise machine. It found a
cheap one nearby and drafted a pickup message.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But how would Muse handle our labyrinthine childcare-booking
platform? I gave it four dates, and my preferred sitters. Once I manually
logged in, it made the reservations while I made lunch. It even offered to add
the events to my Google Calendar, so I connected that.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;I heard the screams of cybersecurity professionals ringing
in my ears. But I wanted to see what Muse could do.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;I also
connected my personal Gmail account with &quot;read only&quot; access: It could
see emails but couldn&#39;t delete them or shoot off embarrassing notes to my
entire address book.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Muse
surfaced a forgotten dentist bill. Watching the agent complete a lengthy form
with details from my inbox, such as my appointment date and date of birth, was
magical, but also a little creepy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The agent was also able to gather everything I needed for
Global Entry applications from my calendar and inbox, including five years of
international travel history.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Not all tasks are successful, however. My colleague Meghan
asked Muse to find cheaper auto insurance. It submitted her information for
quotes but said her current rate was as low as it could get. One provider
called her, and ended up offering a better deal than Muse previously reported.
If she hadn&#39;t spoken to a human, she would have missed $420 a year in savings.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;I know, you&#39;re thinking, is it really that hard to fill out
a form? I understand, but I also appreciate tools that can help tick things off
my endless to-do list.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;So why would I not continue using Muse?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The risks&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Any
information you share with Muse can technically be shared with Meta. The
company says that won&#39;t be used to serve ads, but it can be used to train AI
models. You can opt out in Settings &amp;gt; Data controls. Meta says employees
won&#39;t access accounts except under specific circumstances, such as a
law-enforcement request or a user-reported problem.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Meta says
later this year it will offer a confidential virtual machine that encrypts data
so the company can&#39;t access the chats.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;The question for any user is what happens if their
device is compromised or the service itself is breached,&quot; says Trevor
Hilligoss, chief intelligence officer at security firm SpyCloud.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Ordinarily,
your email, your social-media apps and your shopping and banking accounts are
all under secure, separate logins. By giving one service access to any or all
of them, you&#39;re creating a super resource for an attacker, Hilligoss says.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;If your
Facebook account gets hacked, that hacker has access to everything you&#39;ve
shared with Muse. Meta doesn&#39;t generally require two-factor authentication on
its accounts, so it&#39;s up to you to turn that on -- and come up with a strong
unique password.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Also, AI
agents can behave unexpectedly. Users should take control of the browser for
any tasks involving money, passwords, account settings or messages sent in
their name, says Katie Moussouris, chief executive of Luta Security.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Muse does
have a &quot;secure credentials store&quot; for your logins, which Meta says
allows the agent to use passwords without seeing them. An agent-friendly
password manager integration would be better, and 1Password says its Muse
partnership will be available in a few weeks.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;AI agents
can also be tricked, says Moussouris. A website or email can contain hidden
prompts telling the bots to ignore instructions and send personal data to
hacker accounts instead.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Meta outlined safety measures that direct the agent to
disregard prompt injections and limit its access to secrets. The company says
Muse will &quot;sometimes make mistakes.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;I&#39;m going to be cautious and reset Muse for now. Though I
might reconsider once the confidential option is available.” [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. Meta&#39;s Muse AI Agent Is Helpful and Scary --- The more
data you hand over, the more this personal assistant can do. Nguyen, Nicole. 
Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026: A11.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/903151973921249580/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/903151973921249580' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/903151973921249580'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/903151973921249580'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/metas-muse-ai-agent-is-helpful-and.html' title='Meta&#39;s Muse AI Agent Is Helpful and Scary --- The more data you hand over, the more this personal assistant can do'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-8149215801455782305</id><published>2026-10-05T05:01:06.368-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T05:01:06.369-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Naujausia mūšio lauko būtinybė – išmanieji telefonai: JAV kariuomenės pratybos Indonezijoje leidžia pažvelgti į aukštųjų technologijų kupiną kariuomenės ateitį</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„BATURAJA, Indonezija – Žygiuodamas dulkėtu taku, apsuptu
aukštos „dramblių žolės“, vyresnysis leitenantas Diego Gonzalezas buvo
pasirengęs šiuolaikiniam mūšiui.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Prie jo krūtinės buvo pritvirtintas išmanusis telefonas,
rodantis tikslią jo paties ir jo padalinio buvimo vietą realiuoju laiku.
Kareiviai turėjo „Wi-Fi“ ryšį palaikančias radijo stotis, kurios susijungdamos
sudarė mobilųjį tinklą ir pavertė balsą skaitmeniniais signalais, leidžiančiais
bendrauti per ausines – panašiai kaip „Zoom“ pokalbio metu. Prieš tai kariai
virš vietovės paleido bepilotį orlaivį, kad geriau apžiūrėtų reljefą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tačiau kai D. Gonzalezo padalinio kariai spurtuodami veržėsi
pro spygliuotos vielos užtvaras, norėdami užimti priešo apkasus, jam iškilo
problema. Šalia švilpiant kulkoms, vadas negalėjo jo išgirsti per radijo ryšį.
D. Gonzalezas perkrovė įrenginį ir, kol šis vėl įsijungė, perdavė pranešimus
vadovybei per šalia esančius karius.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ryšio sutrikimas įvyko „būtent tada, kai veržėmės pro
pralažą – o tai itin svarbus momentas“, – sakė kapitonas Johnathonas Muraskis,
D. Gonzalezo vadas per JAV kariuomenės kovinio šaudymo pratybas Sumatros saloje
Indonezijoje. „Jei nieko iš jo negirdžiu, galbūt jis sužeistas ar nutiko kas
nors kita.“&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Įranga, kurią tą dieną naudojo D. Gonzalezas ir jo kariai,
yra tik maža dalis milžiniškų kariuomenės pastangų modernizuoti mūšio lauko
vadovavimo ir valdymo sistemas. Programa, vadinama „Next Generation Command and
Control“ (NGC2), buvo sukurta siekiant kariams suteikti naujausias ryšio,
žemėlapių sudarymo ir dirbtinio intelekto priemones, sukurtas Silicio slėnyje.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Indonezijoje kariai pirmą kartą turėjo galimybę išbandyti
visą įrangos komplektą karštomis ir drėgnomis džiunglių sąlygomis – tokioje
aplinkoje, su kokia galėtų susidurti konflikto su Kinija dėl Taivano ar kitur
Ramiojo vandenyno regione atveju.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kariuomenės vadovybė teigia, kad NGC2 yra itin svarbi
sistema laikais, kai pigūs bepiločiai orlaiviai ir tiksliosios raketos paverčia
didelius, stacionarius karių ir technikos junginius lengvais taikiniais.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tikslas – sudaryti sąlygas padaliniams patikimai bendrauti
esant išsklaidytiems ir judant, bei suteikti vadams galimybę akimirksniu,
realiuoju laiku mūšio lauko vaizdą, kad jie galėtų greitai priimti sprendimus
ir sparčiau smogti taikiniams.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Prie NGC2 sistemos kūrimo technologijomis prisideda daugiau
nei 80 įmonių – pradedant šarvuotose transporto priemonėse montuojamais
palydovinio ryšio terminalais ir baigiant nematomu duomenų sluoksniu,
leidžiančiu anksčiau atskirtoms ginkluotės sistemoms bei jutikliams sklandžiai
keistis informacija.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasak kariuomenės atstovų ir gynybos sektoriaus rangovų, ši
technologija turėtų sutrumpinti laiką nuo taikinio aptikimo priekinėse linijose
veikiančiame pėstininkų padalinyje iki užnugaryje esančio artilerijos padalinio
pasirengimo šauti – procesą, kuris anksčiau trukdavo valandas, dabar pavyks
atlikti per kelias minutes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tačiau NGC2 diegimas visoje kariuomenėje, kurią sudaro apie
450 000 aktyviosios tarnybos karių, yra techniškai sudėtingas procesas, o
kariuomenės atstovų teigimu, jis užtruks iki 2032 m.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kai kurie Vašingtono analitikai ir pareigūnai reiškė
susirūpinimą dėl programos įgyvendinimo spartos bei kainos. Rugpjūtį
Vyriausybės atskaitomybės biuras (GAO) – nešališka Kongreso priežiūros
institucija – pareiškė, kad kariuomenė nebuvo parengusi išsamaus grafiko,
kuriame būtų nurodyta, kurie padaliniai ir kada gaus naujus pajėgumus. Taip pat
pažymėta, kad kariuomenė neturėjo pakankamai aiškaus supratimo apie ilgalaikes
programos išlaidas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Reaguodama į tai, kariuomenė nurodė, kad nuo to laiko
parengė išsamius NGC2 diegimo planus (įskaitant terminus ir būdus) bei
numatomas išlaidas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Visgi konkreti visos programos kaina nebuvo įvardyta.
Kariuomenės atstovų teigimu, 2027 finansinių metų biudžeto prašyme kariuomenė
NGC2 sistemai numato skirti apie 3,8 mlrd. JAV dolerių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Johnas Ferrari, atsargos generolas majoras, šiuo metu
dirbantis analitiniame centre „American Enterprise Institute“, teigė, kad būtų
geriau, jei kariuomenė galėtų veikti sparčiau ir turėdama daugiau lėšų.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Technologijų pasaulyje šešeri metai – tai amžinybė“, – sakė
jis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kai kurie prie NGC2 kūrimo prisidedantys gynybos sektoriaus
rangovai teigė, kad kariuomenė veikė gana sparčiai; tai rodo skubų poreikį
prisitaikyti prie pokyčių, kai dronai Ukrainoje ir Artimuosiuose Rytuose
sparčiai keičia šiuolaikinių konfliktų pobūdį. Pradiniai NGC2 koncepcijos
bandymai prasidėjo 2024 m., o pareigūnai teigia, kad dabar kariuomenė pradeda
diegti šią technologiją visose pajėgose.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Danis Driscollas, iki neseniai ėjęs kariuomenės sekretoriaus
pareigas, kaip pavyzdį minėjo Ukrainos patirtį, kuriant savo vadovavimo ir
kontrolės sistemą, optimizuotą dronų karui. „Ji visiškai integruoja kiekvieną
droną, kiekvieną jutiklį ir kiekvieną šaudymo platformą į vieną tinklą“, –
anksčiau šiais metais jis sakė Kongreso komitetui. „Mūsų sistema to nedaro“, –
pridūrė jis, akivaizdžiai turėdamas omenyje armijos sistemas iki NGC2.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Apkasų puolimo Indonezijoje metu kareiviai teigė, kad jų
„Stryker“ šarvuotas automobilis buvo aprūpintas „Starshield“ terminalu –
„SpaceX“ karine „Starlink“ palydovinio interneto paslaugos versija – likus vos
kelioms dienoms iki išvykimo į pratybas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Palydovinis ryšys palaiko ryšį su užnugario vadovavimo
postais per debesį. Iš už mylių esantis vadas, stebintis puolimą užnugaryje,
gali matyti tą patį mūšį su realiuoju laiku gaunamais karių buvimo vietos
duomenimis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Brigados generolas Edas Matthaidessas, vadovavęs visoms
pratybose dalyvavusioms sausumos pajėgoms, teigė, kad anksčiau pagrindiniai JAV
vadavietės punktai buvo įrengiami palapinėse, kuriose dirbdavo 250–300 žmonių;
jų parengimas užtrukdavo kelias valandas, o ryšiui užtikrinti buvo naudojamos
priekabos dydžio palydovinio ryšio antenos, pasižyminčios lėta duomenų
perdavimo sparta.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Niekada neturėsiu tiek raketų, kiek Kinija. Niekada
neturėsiu tiek karių, kiek Kinija, – sakė jis. – Tačiau jei sugebėsiu greičiau
aptikti svarbius taikinius, kiekvienas šūvis taps daug veiksmingesnis.“” [1] &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. World News: Latest Battlefield Essential: Smartphones ---
Drills in Indonesia offer a preview of the military&#39;s high-tech future. Cherney,
Mike.  Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026:
A6.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/8149215801455782305/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/8149215801455782305' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8149215801455782305'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8149215801455782305'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/naujausia-musio-lauko-butinybe.html' title='Naujausia mūšio lauko būtinybė – išmanieji telefonai: JAV kariuomenės pratybos Indonezijoje leidžia pažvelgti į aukštųjų technologijų kupiną kariuomenės ateitį'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-8120303457739675026</id><published>2026-10-05T04:56:43.969-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T04:56:43.970-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Latest Battlefield Essential: Smartphones --- American army’s drills in Indonesia offer a preview of the military&#39;s high-tech future</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;“BATURAJA, Indonesia -- Marching down a dusty trail lined
with elephant grass, First Lt. Diego Gonzalez was geared up for modern battle.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Strapped to
his chest was a smartphone showing the real-time locations of him and his unit.
The soldiers carried Wi-Fi-capable radios that linked together to form a mobile
network, converting their voices into digital signals so they could communicate
through headsets much like on a Zoom call. Earlier, the troops had flown a
drone over the area to get a better look at the terrain.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But as troops in Gonzalez&#39;s unit sprinted past razor wire to
breach an enemy trench, he had a problem. As bullets whizzed nearby, his
commander couldn&#39;t hear him on the radio. Gonzalez restarted his device and,
until it booted up again, relied on nearby troops to relay his messages up the
chain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The outage occurred &quot;right as we were going through the
breach, which is a pretty crucial time,&quot; said Capt. Johnathon Muraski,
Gonzalez&#39;s commander in the U.S. Army live-fire drill on the Indonesian island
of Sumatra. &quot;If I&#39;m not hearing from him, maybe he went down or
something.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The gear
Gonzalez and his troops used that day is one small part of a gargantuan effort
by the Army to bring its battlefield command and control into the modern era.
The program, called Next Generation Command and Control, or NGC2, was designed
to give troops the latest communication, mapping and artificial intelligence
tools coming out of Silicon Valley.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;In
Indonesia, soldiers had their first opportunity to test a complete gear package
in hot, humid jungle conditions similar to terrain they could encounter if
there is a conflict with China over Taiwan or elsewhere in the Pacific.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Army leaders
have said NGC2 is crucial in an age of cheap drones and precision missiles,
which make large, static formations of troops and equipment easy targets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The aim is
to allow units to communicate reliably while spread out and on the move and
give commanders an instant, real-time view of the battlefield so they can make
decisions quickly and hit targets faster.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;More than 80
companies are contributing technology to NGC2, ranging from satellite internet
terminals installed on armored vehicles to the behind-the-scenes data layer
needed to allow previously separate weapons systems and sensors to share
information seamlessly.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The
technology promises to cut the time between a forward-deployed infantry unit
spotting a target and an artillery unit in the rear being ready to fire on it
from hours to minutes, Army officials and defense contractors say.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But rolling out NGC2 across the Army, which has about
450,000 active-duty troops, is technically challenging and, according to Army
officials, will take until 2032.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;There have been concerns among some analysts and officials
in Washington about the speed and cost of the program. In August, the
Government Accountability Office, the nonpartisan congressional watchdog, said
the Army hadn&#39;t developed a detailed schedule that identifies which units will
get the new capabilities and when. It also said the Army had limited visibility
into long-term costs of the program.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;In a response, the Army said it had since developed detailed
plans on how and when it will roll out NGC2, as well as projected costs.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But it didn&#39;t provide a specific dollar number for the full
program. In its budget request for the 2027 fiscal year, the Army is asking for
about $3.8 billion for NGC2, according to Army officials.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;John Ferrari, a retired Army major general who is now with
the American Enterprise Institute think tank, said it would be better if the
Army could move faster and with more money.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;Six years is forever in tech world,&quot; he said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Some defense contractors involved in NGC2 said the Army has
moved relatively quickly, reflecting an urgency to adapt as drones in Ukraine
and the Middle East rapidly reshape modern conflict. Initial testing for the
NGC2 concept began in 2024, and officials say the Army is now starting to scale
the technology across the force.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dan Driscoll, who until recently served as Army secretary,
has cited Ukraine&#39;s experience in developing its own command and control system
optimized for drone warfare. &quot;It fully integrates every single drone,
every sensor and every shooting platform into just one single network,&quot; he
told a congressional committee earlier this year. &quot;Ours does not,&quot; he
added, an apparent reference to the Army&#39;s pre-NGC2 systems.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;At the
trench assault in Indonesia, soldiers said their Stryker armored vehicle had
been outfitted with a Starshield terminal -- SpaceX&#39;s military version of its
Starlink satellite internet service -- just days before departing for the
drills.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The
satellite connectivity keeps the unit in touch with rear command posts via the
cloud. From miles away, a commander in the rear tracking the assault can view
the exact same battlefield map with real-time location data as the troops in
the field.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Brig. Gen. Ed Matthaidess, the overall Army forces commander
for the exercise, said main U.S. command posts used to be 250-to-300-person
tent structures that took hours to set up and relied on trailer-sized satellite
dishes with slow connections.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;I&#39;m never going to have as many missiles as China. I&#39;m
never going to have as many people as China,&quot; he said. &quot;But if I can
find the targets that matter faster. I can make every shot count that much
more.&quot;” [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. World News: Latest Battlefield Essential: Smartphones ---
Drills in Indonesia offer a preview of the military&#39;s high-tech future. Cherney,
Mike.  Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026:
A6.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/8120303457739675026/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/8120303457739675026' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8120303457739675026'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/8120303457739675026'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/latest-battlefield-essential.html' title='Latest Battlefield Essential: Smartphones --- American army’s drills in Indonesia offer a preview of the military&#39;s high-tech future'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-5781273480304639447</id><published>2026-10-05T04:41:36.153-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T04:41:36.153-07:00</updated><title type='text'>JAV perkelia B-1 bombonešius iš Jungtinės Karalystės</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;Sekmadienį JAV pareigūnai pranešė, kad JAV išvedė visus savo
B-1 bombonešius iš Jungtinės Karalystės „RAF Fairford“ oro bazės; šis
sprendimas priimtas dėl saugumo nuogąstavimų, susijusių su įtariamais planais
užpulti šį objektą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Šis sprendimas žymi pokytį JAV veikloje – ši karinė bazė,
esanti į šiaurės vakarus nuo Londono, buvo naudojama kaip centras, iš kurio
bombonešiai galėjo vykdyti smūgius Irane.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Iki pat neseno išvykimo bazėje buvo dislokuota dvylika B-1
tipo bombonešių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Nors dėl operacinio saugumo negalėjome realiuoju laiku
patvirtinti savo technikos ir pajėgų judėjimo, dabar galime patvirtinti, kad
visi į „RAF Fairford“ dislokuoti JAV bombonešiai sugrįžo į savo nuolatines
bazes Jungtinėse Valstijose“, – nurodė Pentagonas, pridurdamas, kad JAV
bombonešiai išlieka pasirengę vykdyti atakas tiesiai iš JAV teritorijos.
Jungtinės Karalystės Gynybos ministerija situacijos nekomentavo.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Sprendimas priimtas po to, kai buvo sulaikyti šeši
įtariamieji, siejami su planuotu išpuoliu prieš bazę; JAV ir Jungtinės
Karalystės pareigūnai teigė, kad šis planas buvo sužlugdytas rugsėjo 27 d.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jungtinės Karalystės ministras Andy Burnhamas pareiškė, kad
esama „rimtų požymių“, jog šiame incidente, apgaubtame paslapties šydu (JK
paleido įtariamuosius už užstatą, tačiau tęsė tyrimą), dalyvavo Iranas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;JAV pareigūnams buvo žinoma apie su Iranu susijusį planą
užpulti bombonešius ir nužudyti bazės personalą, pranešė „The Wall Street
Journal“.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Aukšto rango JAV pareigūnas teigė, kad vienas iš Islamo
revoliucijos gvardijos korpuso padalinių buvo užverbavęs JK piliečius šiam
planui įgyvendinti; planas apėmė kelis etapus, įskaitant diversiją netoliese
esančioje teritorijoje.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jungtinėje Karalystėje valdžios institucijos vis dar bando
atkurti įvykių eigą, o kai kurie JK pareigūnai abejoja, ar planuota ataka buvo
itin sudėtinga ir gerai parengta.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Prezidentas D. Trumpas anksčiau yra sakęs, kad sulaikytieji
ketino padaryti didelę žalą bazei ir buvo stebimi teisėsaugos. Jis abejojo ​​JK
sprendimu paleisti įtariamuosius už užstatą ir teigė: „Aš jų nebūčiau
paleidęs.“&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Penki vyrai rugsėjo 27 d. atvyko į Ferfordo (Fairford) bazę
trimis baltais furgonais; pasak Didžiosios Britanijos policijos, juose nebuvo
sprogmenų, tačiau buvo vežama degalų. Vyrai buvo sulaikyti po to, kai vienas iš
grupės narių paskambino policijai ir pranešė apie rengiamą išpuolį. Šeštasis
asmuo – Jungtinės Karalystės ir Irano pilietybę turintis vyras – buvo
sulaikytas po kelių dienų įtarus jį rengus teroro aktą, tačiau vėliau taip pat
paleistas už užstatą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dėl ilgo pakilimo ir tūpimo tako JAV plačiai naudojo
Ferfordo bazę vykdydamos „B-1“ ir „B-52“ lėktuvų atakas prieš Iraną. Ši bazė
buvo svarbi JAV oro pajėgų operacijoms, nes sutrumpindavo atstumą, kurį
bombonešiams tekdavo įveikti skrendant iš žemyninės JAV dalies.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Karas užsitęsė; „B-52“ lėktuvai išvyko, o dalis „B-1“
sugrįžo į JAV, tačiau bazėje vis dar liko tuzinas „B-1“ bombonešių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;JAV buvimas Ferfordo bazėje Jungtinėje Karalystėje
vertinamas prieštaringai. Iš pradžių JK vyriausybė atsisakė leisti D. Trumpo
administracijai iš šios bazės vykdyti kovinius skrydžius prieš Iraną, tačiau
vėliau nusileido su sąlyga, kad bazė bus naudojama „gynybinėms“ misijoms po to,
kai Iranas surengė atakas prieš britų sąjungininkus ir jų interesus Persijos
įlankos regione.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Po to, kai buvo užkirstas kelias įtariamai atakai, JK
gynybos pareigūnai pareiškė, kad reikia imtis papildomų priemonių karinėms
bazėms apsaugoti, ypač nuo dronų atakų. JAV taip pat dislokuoja „F-35“ ir
„F-15E“ naikintuvus „RAF Lakenheath“ bazėje Rytų Anglijoje; joje buvo
padidintas saugumo lygis. Be to, JAV dislokavo degalų papildymo orlaivius „RAF
Mildenhall“ bazėje, esančioje netoli „Lakenheath“ bazės.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Skrydžių stebėtojai užfiksavo, kaip šį savaitgalį iš „RAF
Fairford“ bazės pakilo „B-1“ bombonešiai.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Iranas paneigė prisidėjęs prie plano atakuoti „RAF Fairford“
bazę. Liepos mėnesį Irano revoliucinė gvardija (IRGC) įspėjo, kad bet kokios
britų bazės, kurias JAV panaudotų atakoms prieš Iraną, taptų „teisėtu mūsų
pajėgų taikiniu“.&quot; [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. U.S. B-1 Bombers Moved From U.K. Holliday, Shelby;
Gordon, Michael R; Colchester, Max.  Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New
York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026: A1.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/5781273480304639447/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/5781273480304639447' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/5781273480304639447'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/5781273480304639447'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/jav-perkelia-b-1-bombonesius-is.html' title='JAV perkelia B-1 bombonešius iš Jungtinės Karalystės'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-1728282048777649823</id><published>2026-10-05T04:39:05.980-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T04:39:05.981-07:00</updated><title type='text'>U.S. B-1 Bombers Moved From U.K.</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;“The U.S.
removed all of its B-1 bombers from the U.K.&#39;s RAF Fairford air base, a
decision made because of security concerns over suspected plots to attack the
facility, American officials said Sunday.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The decision
represents a shift for the U.S. which has used the military base, northwest of
London, as a hub for launching bomber strikes in Iran.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Until their recent departure, a dozen B-1s had been
stationed at the base.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;While operational security precluded us from
confirming the movement of our assets and forces in real-time, we can
acknowledge now that all U.S. bombers that were deployed to RAF Fairford have
redeployed to their home stations in the United States,&quot; the Pentagon
said, adding that the U.S. bombers remain ready to carry out attacks from the
U.S. The U.K. Ministry of Defense declined to comment.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The decision follows the arrest of six suspects in
connection with a suspected attack on the base that U.S. and British official
said was foiled on Sept. 27.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;U.K. Prime Minister Andy Burnham said there were
&quot;strong indications&quot; that Iran played a role in the incident, which
was shrouded in mystery after the U.K. released the suspects on bail but
continued to investigate the situation.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;U.S. officials were aware of an Iran-linked plot to attack
the bomber aircraft and kill personnel at the base, The Wall Street Journal has
reported.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;A branch of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps had
recruited U.K. nationals to carry out the plot, which involved multiple steps
including a diversion in the neighborhood nearby, a senior U.S. official said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;In the U.K., authorities are still trying to piece together
what happened, and some U.K. officials question the level of sophistication of
the planned attack.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;President Trump has previously said the arrested men
intended to do serious damage to the base and had been under investigation. He
questioned the U.K.&#39;s decision to release the suspects on bail, saying, &quot;I
would not have released them.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Five of the men traveled to Fairford on Sept. 27 in three
white vans, which British police said contained no explosives but did hold
quantities of fuel. The men were arrested after one in the group called the
police to alert them to the plot. A sixth man, a dual U.K.-Iranian citizen, was
arrested days later on suspicion of plotting a terrorist act but was also
released on bail.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;With its
long runway, the Fairford base was used extensively by the U.S. to launch B-1
and B-52 attacks against Iran. The base was important for U.S. air operations
as it shrunk the distance U.S. bombers would need to fly compared with flights
from the continental U.S.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;As the war dragged on, the B-52s left and some B-1s returned
to the U.S., but a dozen B-1s still remained.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The U.S.
presence at Fairford is politically controversial in the U.K. The U.K.
government initially refused to let the Trump administration launch sorties
from the base against Iran, but later relented on the stipulation that it would
be used for &quot;defensive&quot; missions after Iranian attacks on British
allies and interests in the Gulf.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;After the
suspected foiled attack, U.K. defense officials have said more should be done
to upgrade the protection around its military bases, in particular from drone
attacks. The U.S. also stations F-35 and F-15E fighters at RAF Lakenheath, in
eastern England and security-alert levels have been raised at that base. The
U.S. also stationed refueling tankers at RAF Mildenhall, which is near the
Lakenheath base.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Flight trackers observed B-1 bombers leaving from the RAF
Fairford base this weekend.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Iran has denied it was behind a plot to attack RAF Fairford.
The IRGC warned in July that any British bases the U.S. used to attack Iran
would be a &quot;legitimate target for our forces.&quot;” [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. U.S. B-1 Bombers Moved From U.K. Holliday, Shelby;
Gordon, Michael R; Colchester, Max.  Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New
York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026: A1.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/1728282048777649823/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/1728282048777649823' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/1728282048777649823'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/1728282048777649823'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/us-b-1-bombers-moved-from-uk.html' title='U.S. B-1 Bombers Moved From U.K.'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-1104577625383720249</id><published>2026-10-05T04:27:39.644-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T04:27:39.644-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Nauji išpuoliai sąsiauryje kelia grėsmę naftos tiekimui</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„DUBAJUS – Nauja išpuolių prieš laivus aplink Hormūzo
sąsiaurį banga kelia grėsmę Artimųjų Rytų naftos eksporto atsigavimui – kaip
tik tuo metu, kai Persijos įlankos regiono gamintojai sugebėjo grąžinti
žaliavinės naftos gabenimo apimtis į lygį, buvusį iki konflikto pradžios.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Spartų gabenimo apimčių atsigavimą pastarosiomis savaitėmis
lėmė JAV karinio jūrų laivyno teikiama apsauga bei ankstesnės smūgių bangos,
per kurias buvo sunaikinti Irano radarai ir ryšių sistemos palei sąsiaurį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jungtiniai Arabų Emyratai ir kiti gamintojai sukūrė
sudėtingą krovinių pervežimo sistemą: tanklaiviai pakraunami Persijos įlankos
viduje, išplaukia pro Hormūzo sąsiaurį ir perpumpuoja naftą į laivus,
laukiančius už šio vandens kelio ribų.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tačiau po kelių dienų be pranešimų apie išpuolius prieš
laivus rugsėjo pabaigoje, su Karališkuoju kariniu jūrų laivynu susijusi
organizacija „UK Maritime Trade Operations“ (UKMTO) pranešė apie septynis
smūgius laivams šiame vandens kelyje nuo rugsėjo 28 d.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Sekmadienį organizacija pranešė apie dar vieną išpuolį,
tačiau nenurodė tikslaus incidento laiko.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Šeštadienį Irano Islamo revoliucijos gvardijos korpuso
karinės jūrų pajėgos įspėjo laivus, planuojančius naudotis JAV remiamu maršrutu
per sąsiaurį, kad jie taps taikiniais ir bus sunaikinti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Nepasitikėkite JAV kariniu jūrų laivynu, visiškai
nesinaudokite pietiniu koridoriumi ir nestatykite savo gyvybės į pavojų“, –
teigiama radijo pranešime, perduotame viešuoju laivybos kanalu; su šiuo
pranešimu susipažino „The Wall Street Journal“.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kai kurių analitikų teigimu, atsinaujinę išpuoliai jau gali
daryti neigiamą įtaką – pastebimi pirmieji požymiai, kad naftos srautai pradeda
lėtėti. Tikslūs duomenys gaunami su vėlavimu, nes daugelis laivų plaukioja
išjungę atsakiklius, kad netaptų taikiniais.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasak UKMTO, visi septyni laivai buvo užpulti netoli
siauriausios sąsiaurio vietos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;JAV pareigūno teigimu, pastarosiomis savaitėmis taip pat
pagerėjo Irano gebėjimas taikytis į laivus, o tai dar labiau padidino riziką
sąsiauryje.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Prieš kelias savaites JAV pareiškė, kad reaguodamos į
Teherano išpuolius smogs Irano naftos tanklaiviams, tačiau vėliau atsisakė šio
sumanymo po to, kai Iranas paleido raketų salvę į JAV oro pajėgų bazę
Jordanijoje, nurodė pareigūnas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Naujieji smūgiai atskleidžia naftos srautų atsigavimo
trapumą ir sutampa su laikotarpiu, kai prezidentas D. Trumpas, pareiškęs apie
visišką JAV kontrolę Hormūzo sąsiauryje, svarsto galimybę imtis naujų karinių
veiksmų prieš Iraną.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Bet koks naujas sutrikimas skaudžiai paveiktų pasaulio
ekonomiką, kuri ir taip susiduria su aukštomis energijos kainomis bei
augančiomis skolinimosi sąnaudomis. Nepaisant atsigaunančio eksporto,
tarptautinės naftos kainos išlieka ties 100 JAV dolerių už barelį riba; tai
atspindi nuogąstavimus, kad nauji išpuoliai gali vėl apriboti srautus ir lemti
dideles krovinių gabenimo bei saugumo užtikrinimo išlaidas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Suintensyvėję išpuoliai prieš laivus rodo, kokia trapi yra
dabartinė naftos rinkos pusiausvyra ir kaip lengvai ji gali būti sugriauta“, –
teigė „Capital Economics“ vyresnysis ekonomistas Hamadas Hussainas. „Tai ypač
tikėtina, jei įtampa dar labiau išaugs ir taikiniu taps energetikos
infrastruktūra.“&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Penktadienį „Brent“ rūšies naftos (tarptautinio kainų
etalono) kaina nusistovėjo ties 102,25 JAV dolerio už barelį riba – per savaitę
ji pakilo beveik 5 proc.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;H. Hussaino teigimu, prekiautojai į kainas įtraukia didelę
riziką, kad srautai vėl sumažės. „Capital Economics“ prognozuoja, kad „Brent“
naftos kaina iki metų pabaigos išliks ties 100 JAV dolerių riba.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Laivų stebėsenos bendrovės „Kpler“ duomenimis, tarp septynių
per pastarąją savaitę užpultų laivų bent keturi nuo birželio mėnesio buvo
atlikę du ar daugiau reisų (įplaukę į sąsiaurį ir išplaukę iš jo), gabendami
žalią naftą arba naftos produktus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Kpler“ duomenimis, „Al Funtas“ – itin didelis žaliavinės
naftos tanklaivis (VLCC), valdomas bendrovės „Kuwait Oil Tanker Company“
(KOTC), – rugsėjo 28 d. buvo užpultas tuo metu, kai baiginėjo penktąjį reisą
tarp Kuveito Mina al Ahmadi uosto ir Omano įlankos uostų. Kitas KOTC valdomas
itin didelis tanklaivis „Kazimah III“ spalio 1 d. buvo užpultas pakeliui į
Persijos įlanką, jau atlikęs tris reisus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tokio dydžio laivai vienu metu gali gabenti iki dviejų
milijonų barelių naftos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Nuo vasario mėnesį prasidėjusių JAV ir Izraelio smūgių,
žymėjusių konflikto pradžią, Iranas naudoja išpuolius prieš laivus, siekdamas
apriboti laivybą Hormūzo sąsiauriu – keliu, kuriuo anksčiau buvo gabenamas
penktadalis pasaulio naftos. Tai lėmė benzino ir dyzelino kainų augimą
vartotojams visame pasaulyje bei privertė Saudo Arabiją ir JAE nukreipti
eksportą aplink sąsiaurį, naudojant aplinkinius vamzdynus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Kpler“ duomenimis, regiono žalios naftos eksportas
(neįskaitant Irano) rugsėjo 1–28 d. laikotarpiu vidutiniškai siekė bent 16,5
mln. barelių per parą – tai artima prieškario lygiui.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Visgi esama požymių, kad pastarieji Irano išpuoliai gali
pradėti stabdyti šį atsigavimą. Naftos rinkos tyrimų bendrovės „Commodity
Context“ įkūrėjas Rory Johnstonas teigė pastarosiomis dienomis pastebėjęs
galimą srautų sumažėjimą; jo vertinimu, eksportas krito 2–3 mln. barelių per
parą, nors šie pirminiai skaičiai gali būti pakoreguoti į didžiąją pusę, kai
bus gauta tikslesnės informacijos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Pastarasis srautų tempas, nors ir įspūdingas, niekada
nebuvo tvarus ir jau pareikalavo didelių sąnaudų“, – sakė R. Johnstonas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasak jo, dalį šio staigaus augimo galėjo lemti
eksportuotojų skubėjimas išgabenti naftą baiminantis naujo įtampos eskalavimo.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Persijos įlankos naftos gamintojams už &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;vieną pirmyn ir atgal vykdomą transportavimo
reisą per Hormūzo sąsiaurį tenka mokėti nuo 30 iki 40 mln. JAV dolerių (arba,
pasak laivų brokerių, 15–20 JAV dolerių už barelį, neįskaitant draudimo
išlaidų).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Saudo Arabija vėl nukreipė eksportą per Hormūzo sąsiaurį po
to, kai rugsėjo 10 d. įvykdyta ataka prieš jos naftotiekį „Rytai–Vakarai“ bei
Jemeno husių kovotojų išpuoliai prieš šalies laivus sutrikdė krovinių gabenimą
Raudonąja jūra.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Nors naftotiekis vis dar veikia ne visu pajėgumu,
atnaujintas krovimas Janbu uoste prie Raudonosios jūros galėtų padėti
kompensuoti galimą naują srautų per Hormūzo sąsiaurį sulėtėjimą, teigė „Capital
Economics“ analitikas Hussainas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Standard Chartered“ skaičiavimais, bendras Saudo Arabijos
eksportas rugsėjį atsistatė iki 6,9 mln. barelių per parą (rugpjūtį šis
rodiklis siekė 2,45 mln.).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tačiau atkurti eksporto kiekiai dar nereiškia, kad padėtis
grįžo į įprastas vėžes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasak bendrovės „Kpler“, rugsėjį didžioji dalis per sąsiaurį
transportuotos žaliavinės naftos buvo gabenama tanklaiviais, kurie krovinį
perkraudavo į laivus, laukiančius prie JAE ir Omano krantų.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tokių transportavimo reisų ir karinės apsaugos lydimų
vilkstinių kaštai gali būti sunkiai ilgą laiką išlaikomi, rašė HSBC vyresnioji
pasaulinės naftos ir dujų rinkos analitikė Kim Fustier.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tuo pat metu dyzelino ir kitų perdirbtų naftos produktų
maržos išlieka aukštos.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Visa tai rodo, kad Artimųjų Rytų eksportas – bent jau
žaliavinės naftos – auga, tačiau tai kainuoja milžiniškus pinigus“, – rašė K.
Fustier.” [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. New Strait Attacks Threaten Oil Flows. Kantchev, Georgi;
Feng, Rebecca; Holliday, Shelby.  Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New
York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026: A1.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/1104577625383720249/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/1104577625383720249' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/1104577625383720249'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/1104577625383720249'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/nauji-ispuoliai-sasiauryje-kelia-gresme.html' title='Nauji išpuoliai sąsiauryje kelia grėsmę naftos tiekimui'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-7583918349392931322</id><published>2026-10-05T04:22:57.495-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-05T04:22:57.496-07:00</updated><title type='text'>New Strait Attacks Threaten Oil Flows</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;“DUBAI -- A new wave of attacks on vessels around the Strait
of Hormuz is threatening a recovery in Middle Eastern oil exports -- just as
Gulf producers have pushed crude shipments back toward prewar levels.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The swift rebound in shipments in recent weeks has been
driven by U.S. naval protection and earlier waves of strikes that knocked out
Iranian radar and communications along the strait.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The United Arab Emirates and other producers have set up an
elaborate system of shuttle runs in which tankers load inside the Persian Gulf,
exit Hormuz and transfer the crude to vessels waiting outside the waterway.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But following several days without reported attacks on ships
toward the end of September, the U.K. Maritime Trade Operations, which is
affiliated with the Royal Navy, has reported seven strikes on vessels around
the waterway since Sept. 28.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;On Sunday, it reported another strike, but didn&#39;t specify
when the incident happened.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Iran&#39;s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps navy issued a
warning to ships planning to use the U.S.-backed route through the strait on
Saturday, saying they would be targeted and destroyed.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;Don&#39;t trust U.S. Navy and don&#39;t use south corridor at
all and don&#39;t put your life in danger,&quot; a radio message transmitted on a
public shipping channel and reviewed by The Wall Street Journal said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The renewed attacks may already be taking a toll, with early
signs that oil flows are beginning to slow, some analysts said. Firm data comes
with a lag, because many ships are operating without their transponders
switched on to avoid becoming targets.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;All seven vessels were attacked near the narrowest part of
the strait, UKMTO said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Iran&#39;s ability to target ships has also improved in recent
weeks, adding to the risks in the strait, a U.S. official said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The U.S. several weeks ago said it would strike Iranian oil
tankers in response to Tehran&#39;s attacks, but it has since backed off that
effort after Iran unleashed a wave of missiles at a U.S. air base in Jordan,
the official said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The new strikes expose the fragility of the recovery in oil
flows and come as President Trump, who has claimed full U.S. control over
Hormuz, weighs renewed military action against Iran.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Any fresh disruption would hit a global economy already
grappling with high energy prices and rising borrowing costs. International
benchmark oil prices remain around $100 a barrel despite recovering exports,
reflecting fears that renewed attacks could again curb flows and keep freight
and security costs elevated.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;The step-up in attacks on ships highlights how the
current equilibrium in the oil market is fragile and could easily be
shattered,&quot; said Hamad Hussain, a senior economist at Capital Economics.
&quot;This would especially be the case if there is further escalation and
energy infrastructure is targeted.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Brent, the international oil benchmark, settled on Friday at
$102.25 a barrel, up nearly 5% for the week.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Hussain said traders were pricing in a substantial risk that
flows would fall again. Capital Economics expects Brent to remain around $100
through the end of the year.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Among the seven vessels attacked in the past week, at least
four had completed two or more round trips in and out of the strait since June,
carrying crude oil or oil products, according to ship tracker Kpler.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Al Funtas, a so-called very large crude carrier operated by
Kuwait Oil Tanker Company, was completing its fifth shuttle run between the
Port of Mina Al-Ahmadi in Kuwait and ports in the Gulf of Oman when it was
attacked on Sept. 28, according to Kpler. Kazimah III, another VLCC operated by
KOTC, had carried out three shuttle runs and was on its way into the Persian
Gulf when it was hit on Oct. 1.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ships of that size can carry as many as two million barrels
of oil at a time.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Since the U.S. and Israeli strikes that began the war in
February, Iran has used attacks on ships to throttle shipping through Hormuz,
once the thoroughfare for a fifth of the world&#39;s oil. That has driven up the
price of gasoline and diesel for consumers around the world and has forced
Saudi Arabia and the U.A.E. to divert exports around the strait through bypass
pipelines.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kpler said regional crude exports excluding Iran averaged at
least 16.5 million barrels a day from Sept. 1 through Sept. 28, close to prewar
levels.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But there are signs Iran&#39;s recent attacks may already be
starting to slow that recovery. Rory Johnston, founder of the oil-research firm
Commodity Context, said he has seen a potential pullback in recent days and
estimates that flows are down by two million to three million barrels a day,
though those initial totals could be revised higher as better information
becomes available.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;The recent pace of flows, while impressive, has never
been sustainable and has already come at great expense,&quot; Johnston said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Part of the surge may reflect exporters rushing barrels out
before a feared new escalation, he said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Gulf oil producers are shelling out between $30 million and
$40 million for a round-trip shuttle run in and out of Hormuz -- or $15 to $20
a barrel, according to ship brokers, before insurance costs.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Saudi Arabia had shifted exports back through Hormuz after a
Sept. 10 attack on its East-West pipeline and attacks on its ships by Yemen&#39;s
Houthi militants interrupted Red Sea shipments.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The pipeline remains below capacity, but renewed loading at
the Yanbu port on the Red Sea could help offset another Hormuz slowdown,
Capital Economics&#39; Hussain said.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Standard Chartered estimates that total Saudi exports
rebounded to 6.9 million barrels a day in September from 2.45 million in
August.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But restored volumes don&#39;t mean a return to normal.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;In September, most of the crude that crossed the strait went
via tankers transferring their oil to ships waiting off the coast of the U.A.E.
and Oman, according to Kpler.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The costs of such shuttle runs and military-protected
convoys may not be sustainable, wrote Kim Fustier, senior global oil and gas
analyst at HSBC.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Meanwhile, margins for diesel and other refined products
remain high.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&quot;All of this suggests that Middle East exports -- at
least for crude -- are rising, but at enormous cost,&quot; Fustier wrote.” [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. New Strait Attacks Threaten Oil Flows. Kantchev, Georgi;
Feng, Rebecca; Holliday, Shelby.  Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New
York, N.Y.. 05 Oct 2026: A1.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/7583918349392931322/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/7583918349392931322' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/7583918349392931322'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/7583918349392931322'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/new-strait-attacks-threaten-oil-flows.html' title='New Strait Attacks Threaten Oil Flows'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-2955706213568529306</id><published>2026-10-04T10:02:15.768-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-04T10:02:15.768-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Mažmeninės prekybos genijus</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Shop Different“ („Pirk kitaip“)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Autoriai: Ronas Johnsonas ir Zanderis Nethercuttas&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Harper Business“, 320 puslapių, 32 JAV doleriai&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Apple“ tapo viena vertingiausių pasaulio bendrovių dėl savo
produktų: „Mac“, „iPad“, „Apple Watch“ ir ypač „iPhone“. Tačiau per
pastaruosius 25 metus pardavimus skatino ir tai, kad kultinis bendrovės prekės
ženklas buvo pristatomas daugiau nei 500 mažmeninės prekybos parduotuvių,
išsibarsčiusių 27 šalyse ir regionuose. Kiekvienas, užsukęs į „Apple“
parduotuvę įsigyti naujo „iPhone“ ar nešęsis sugedusį „Mac“ kompiuterį per
prekybos centrą į „Genius Bar“ skyrių taisyti, savo kailiu patyrė tai, ką
sukūrė Steve&#39;as Jobsas ir Ronas Johnsonas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Knygoje „Shop Different: How Retail Revealed Apple&#39;s Genius“
(„Pirk kitaip: kaip mažmeninė prekyba atskleidė „Apple“ genialumą“) R.
Johnsonas išsamiai pasakoja nepaprastą istoriją apie tai, kaip 1999 m. S.
Jobsas pakvietė jį iš „Target“ prisijungti prie „Apple“ kaip mažmeninės
prekybos vadovą ir įgyvendinti, ko gero, rizikingiausią sumanymą per visą S.
Jobso, kaip generalinio direktoriaus, karjerą. Tuo metu, kai kompiuterių
parduotuvės išgyveno nuosmukį, o „Apple“ prekės ženklo populiarumas buvo
pasiekęs žemiausią lygį, jiedu sugalvojo drąsią strategiją: rasti būdą užmegzti
ryšį su milijonais vartotojų, kurie visiškai nesidomėjo „Apple“ produktais ir
jų nesuprato.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;R. Johnsonas – idealus mažmeninės prekybos vadovo pavyzdys.
Gimęs Minesotoje, vaikystėje jis žavėjosi Vidurio Vakarų regione veikusiu ir
didelę įtaką dariusiu „Dayton&#39;s“ universaline parduotuve. Baigęs Harvardo
universitetą, jis atsisakė akivaizdžios karjeros finansų srityje ir įsidarbino
„Mervyn&#39;s“ – Vakarų pakrantės universalinių parduotuvių tinkle, priklausiusiame
„Dayton&#39;s“ patronuojančiajai bendrovei „Dayton Hudson Corp.“ (dabar –
„Target“). Vėliau jis perėjo dirbti tiesiogiai į „Target“ parduotuves. R.
Johnsonas pertvarkė šio tinklo žaislų skyrius, visą prekių eilę skirdamas
„Lego“ produkcijai.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kai 2000 m. „Apple“ pasamdė R. Johnsoną, jis gyveno
Minesotoje ir neturėjo kompiuterio (S. Jobsas jam atsiuntė „iMac“). Tačiau R.
Johnsonas turėjo „Apple“ trūkusios patirties mažmeninėje prekyboje, be to, S.
Jobsas įžvelgė jame tokį patį entuziazmą šiam projektui, kokį jautė ir pats.
„Apple“ tik neseniai buvo išvengusi bankroto. Jobsas buvo įtikintas, kad fizinė
prekybos vieta bus gyvybiškai svarbi įmonės atsigavimui.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Generalinis direktorius rizikavo, tačiau jis ir p. Johnsonas
suprato: norint atkurti įmonės įvaizdį, „Apple“ turėjo pasiekti paprastus
žmones, apsiperkančius tokiose vietose kaip „Target“. „Dauguma mūsų būsimų
klientų su „Apple“ susipažins būtent parduotuvėje, – prisimena p. Johnsonas
sakęs Jobsui. – Tad ilgainiui ji taps galingiausia fizine prekės ženklo
išraiška.“&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jie sutarė, kad parduotuvės santykis su klientais bus
grindžiamas „Ritz-Carlton“ viešbučių tinklo, o ne tradicinės mažmeninės
prekybos vietos pavyzdžiu; taip atsirado „Genius Bar“ – paslauga, primenanti
viešbučio konsjeržo darbą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Dabar sunku tuo patikėti, tačiau dešimtojo dešimtmečio
pabaigoje „Apple“ produktai nebuvo itin patrauklūs. Kol pasaulį užkariavo
kompiuteriai su „Microsoft“ „Windows 95“ sistema, atrodė, kad „Apple“
orientuojasi tik į nišinius produktus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1997 m. Jobsui sugrįžus į įmonę ir pasirodžius „iMac“
(pirmajam „Apple“ sėkmingam produktui per daugelį metų), požiūris ėmė keistis,
tačiau „Apple“ reikėjo pasiekti ir pirkėjus, nepriklausančius ištikimiausių
gerbėjų ratui. P. Johnsonas žinojo, kur rasti šiuos žmones – Amerikos prekybos
centruose.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jobsas į „Apple“ parduotuves perkėlė savo išskirtinį dėmesį
produktų kūrimui: kartu su p. Johnsonu jie reguliariai važiuodavo į sandėlį,
kuriame buvo nuolat tobulinamas slaptas „Apple“ parduotuvės maketas. Vienu
metu, kai didžioji dalis dizaino sprendimų jau buvo priimta, p. Johnsonas
suprato, kad būsima naujų produktų strategija – „Digital Hub“ (skaitmeninis
centras), kurioje „Apple“ kompiuteriai tapo skaitmeninių fotoaparatų, muzikos
grotuvų ir priedų sistemos ašimi, – reikalauja visiškai iš naujo peržiūrėti
prekybos organizavimą. Jobsas įsiuto, tačiau, gerai viską apsvarstęs,
permainingo būdo vadovas pakeitė nuomonę. „Ronas mano, kad viską darome ne
taip.“ „Ir žinote, jis teisus“, – pasakoja J. Johnsonas apie tai, ką S. Jobsas
sakė „Apple“ mažmeninės prekybos komandai.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Strategijos sėkmė nebuvo savaime suprantamas dalykas.
Daugelis parduotuvių sunkiai vertėsi, kol į pagalbą neatėjo nauji S. Jobso
inicijuoti produktai. 2001 m. pasirodžius muzikos grotuvui „iPod“, „Apple“
įgijo produktą, sužadinusį net „Windows“ vartotojų smalsumą ir paskatinusį juos
užsukti į „Apple“ parduotuvę. Vadovaujant J. Johnsonui, „Apple“ mažmeninės
prekybos padalinys išaugo į milžinišką struktūrą: visame pasaulyje buvo
atidaromos parduotuvės, o pardavimai skaičiuojami milijonais vienetų – tiek „iPod“,
tiek „iPhone“, tiek „Mac“ kompiuterių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Daugeliui žmonių „iPod“ tapo pirmuoju įsigytu „Apple“
produktu. Šie pirkėjai dažnai vėliau įsigydavo ir „Mac“ kompiuterius, o
pasirodžius „iPhone“ telefonams, klientų gretos dar labiau išaugo. Sunku
įsivaizduoti „Apple“ iškilimą iki trilijono dolerių vertės kompanijos, jei jos
produktai nebūtų buvę lengvai prieinami vietinėse mažmeninės prekybos
parduotuvėse.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Strategijos klausimais S. Jobsas ir J. Johnsonas puikiai
sutarė, tačiau jų būdas skyrėsi: vienas atstovavo Kalifornijos technologijų
pasauliui, kitas – Vidurio Vakarų mažmeninei prekybai. Knygoje aprašomas J.
Johnsono tikėjimas krikščioniška meilės ir tarnystės samprata, kuri lemia jo
požiūrį į klientus bei kolegas. Atrodė, kad ciniškas ir pasaulietiškų pažiūrų
S. Jobsas ne iki galo suprato tai. P. Johnsonas pasakoja, kaip kartą
sudrausmino Jobsą po to, kai šis per susitikimą išplūdo ir įžeidė mažmeninės
prekybos komandą; jis privertė savo tiesmuką vadovą pažadėti, kad daugiau taip
niekada nesielgs.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;P. Johnsonas nevengia kritiškai vertinti vieno blogiausių
savo sprendimų – 2011 m. palikti „Apple“ ir pereiti į sunkumų patiriančią
mažmeninės prekybos įmonę „JCPenney“; šis žingsnis net ir tuo metu rinkos
stebėtojams atrodė klaidingas. Knygoje aprašoma, kaip jam (pradirbus „Apple“ 12
metų) kilo noras pačiam vadovauti įmonei – sprendimas, tapęs nepalyginamai
sunkesniu dėl Jobso diagnozuoto mirtino vėžio.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tačiau perskaičius „Shop Different“, lengva suprasti, kodėl
jaunuolis iš Vidurio Vakarų, kurį kadaise žavėjo universalinės parduotuvės,
panoro išbandyti jėgas viename garsiausių XX a. Amerikos mažmeninės prekybos
prekės ženklų. Galbūt tuo metu jis nesuvokė, kad jau buvo prisidėjęs kuriant
vieną geriausių XXI a. prekės ženklų.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;P. Snellas apie „Apple“ rašo jau 30 metų ir yra tinklalaidės
„Designed in California“ (designed.fm), skirtos įmonės istorijai,
bendravedėjas.“ [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. The Genius Of Retail. Snell, Jason.  Wall Street Journal,
Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 01 Oct 2026: A13.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/2955706213568529306/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/2955706213568529306' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/2955706213568529306'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/2955706213568529306'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/mazmenines-prekybos-genijus.html' title='Mažmeninės prekybos genijus'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-7458360994974509888</id><published>2026-10-04T09:59:01.395-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-04T09:59:01.396-07:00</updated><title type='text'>The Genius Of Retail</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
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   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Block Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Hyperlink&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;FollowedHyperlink&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Document Map&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Plain Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;E-mail Signature&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Top of Form&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Bottom of Form&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal (Web)&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Acronym&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Address&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Cite&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Code&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Definition&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Keyboard&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Preformatted&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Sample&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Typewriter&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Variable&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal Table&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;annotation subject&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;No List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Contemporary&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Elegant&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Professional&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Subtle 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Subtle 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Balloon Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Theme&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
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&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;“Shop Different&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;By Ron Johnson with Zander Nethercutt&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Harper Business, 320 pages, $32&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Apple has become one of the world&#39;s most valuable companies
because of its products: the Mac, the iPad, the Apple Watch and most especially
the iPhone. But the company&#39;s product sales have been aided over the past 25
years by the presence of its iconic brand in more than 500 retail stores
scattered across 27 countries and regions. Anyone who has ducked into an Apple
store for a new iPhone or toted a broken Mac through the mall for a repair
appointment at the Genius Bar has experienced what Steve Jobs and Ron Johnson
built.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;In &quot;Shop Different: How Retail Revealed Apple&#39;s
Genius,&quot; Mr. Johnson details the remarkable story of how, in 1999, Jobs
recruited him from Target to join Apple as head of retail and launch perhaps
the biggest long shot of Jobs&#39;s entire tenure as chief executive. At a time
when computer stores were a moribund category and Apple&#39;s brand was near its
lowest ebb, the two men concocted a daring strategy: find some way to connect
with the millions of consumers who had no interest in or understanding of
Apple&#39;s products.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Mr. Johnson cuts the profile of the perfect retail
executive. Born in Minnesota, he was entranced as a child by the Midwestern,
midcentury power of Dayton&#39;s department store. After Harvard he eschewed an
obvious career path into finance and instead took a job at Mervyn&#39;s, a West
Coast department-store chain owned by Dayton&#39;s parent, Dayton Hudson Corp. (now
Target). From there it was on to the Target stores themselves. Mr. Johnson
transformed the chain&#39;s toy departments by devoting an entire aisle to Lego products.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;When Apple hired Mr. Johnson in 2000, he was based in
Minnesota and didn&#39;t own a computer. (Jobs sent him an iMac.) But Mr. Johnson
had retail experience Apple lacked, and Jobs seems to have identified in Mr.
Johnson an enthusiasm for the project that matched his own. Apple had only
recently avoided bankruptcy. Jobs was persuaded that a retail presence would be
vital to the company&#39;s comeback.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;The CEO was making a gamble, but he and Mr. Johnson realized
that to rebuild the company&#39;s profile Apple needed to reach the regular people
who shopped at places like Target. &quot;Most of our future customers will be
introduced to Apple through the store,&quot; Mr. Johnson recounts saying to
Jobs. &quot;So, eventually, it will become the most powerful physical
expression of the brand.&quot; &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;They agreed
to model the store&#39;s approach to customers on the Ritz-Carlton hotel chain,
rather than a traditional retail outlet, which led to the concierge-like
experience of the Genius Bar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;It&#39;s hard to imagine now, but in the late 1990s Apple
products had little luster. As computers running Microsoft&#39;s Windows 95 took
over the world, Apple seemed dedicated to selling niche products. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Jobs&#39;s
return to the company in 1997 and the introduction of the iMac (Apple&#39;s first
hit product in years) started to change perceptions, but Apple needed to reach
buyers beyond its loyal base. Mr. Johnson knew where to find those people -- in
America&#39;s shopping malls.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jobs brought his trademark product-development focus to
Apple&#39;s retail stores, joining Mr. Johnson for regular drives to a warehouse in
which a secret mock-up of an Apple store would regularly be revised. At one
point after most design decisions had been made, Mr. Johnson realized that a
forthcoming new product strategy -- the &quot;Digital Hub,&quot; which
positioned Apple&#39;s computers at the center of a constellation of digital
cameras, music players and accessories -- required a complete rethink of the retail
operation. Jobs was furious, until he thought about it -- at which point the
mercurial CEO changed his opinion. &quot;Ron thinks we&#39;ve got it all wrong. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;And you know, he&#39;s right,&quot; Mr. Johnson
recounts Jobs telling Apple&#39;s retail team.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;The success
of the strategy was hardly a fait accompli. Many stores struggled until Jobs&#39;s
product pipeline came to the rescue. With the introduction of the iPod music
player in 2001, Apple had a product that made even Windows users curious enough
to wander into an Apple store. Under Mr. Johnson&#39;s watch, Apple&#39;s retail
division became a behemoth operation, selling millions of iPods, iPhones and
Macs while opening stores around the world.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;For a
generation of people, the iPod was the first Apple product they ever bought.
Those buyers frequently ended up buying Macs, and the arrival of the iPhone
converted even more customers. It&#39;s hard to imagine Apple&#39;s rise to a
trillion-dollar company happening if its products weren&#39;t readily available in
local retail stores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jobs and Mr. Johnson were kindred spirits when it came to
strategy, but temperamentally they were a mismatched pair -- California tech
and Midwestern retail. The book details Mr. Johnson&#39;s belief in a Christian
view of love and service, which informs his understanding of how to treat
customers and co-workers. The cynical and secular Jobs didn&#39;t seem to entirely
get that. Mr. Johnson recounts upbraiding Jobs at one point after the CEO swore
at and insulted his retail team during a meeting; he made his outspoken boss
promise never to do it again.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Mr. Johnson doesn&#39;t spare himself from questioning one of
his worst decisions, which was to leave Apple in 2011 for the struggling
retailer JCPenney, a move that even at the time seemed misguided to market
observers. The book recounts his temptation (after 12 years at Apple) to lead a
company himself, a choice made exponentially more difficult because of Jobs&#39;s
terminal cancer diagnosis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;But having read &quot;Shop Different,&quot; it&#39;s easy to
understand why a Midwestern kid who was dazzled by department stores might want
to take a chance on one of America&#39;s most storied 20th-century retail brands.
Maybe he didn&#39;t realize at the time that he&#39;d already helped create one of the
21st century&#39;s best.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Mr. Snell has written about Apple for 30 years and is the
co-host of Designed in California (designed.fm), a podcast about the company&#39;s
history.” [1]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. The Genius Of Retail. Snell, Jason.  Wall Street Journal,
Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 01 Oct 2026: A13.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/7458360994974509888/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/7458360994974509888' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/7458360994974509888'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/7458360994974509888'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/the-genius-of-retail.html' title='The Genius Of Retail'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-799791233546324266</id><published>2026-10-04T09:33:05.724-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-04T09:33:05.724-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Leader of One Most Promising Lithuanian Political Parties R. Žemaitaitis Opposes Universal Conscription: The majority in the Lithuanian Seimas are still communists at heart</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;“R. Žemaitaitis, leader of the ‘Dawn’ party (*Aušriečiai*),
holds a firm position. In his view, Lithuania should not focus on universal
conscription or the expansion of traditional military infrastructure.
‘Universal conscription is absurd here; it is more of a political stunt,’ R.
Žemaitaitis told ELTA.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;According to the politician, greater attention should be
paid to military training in schools, as well as instruction in physics,
chemistry, biology, and robotics. He argues that technological skills are
crucial in modern warfare; therefore, people who might be unable to perform
standard military service due to health or physical limitations could still
contribute to national defense.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;‘We are living by the Soviet ideology of universal
conscription—it is a communist, Soviet mentality that dictates we must build
barracks and implement universal conscription,’ stated R. Žemaitaitis. In his
opinion, the main problem is not funding or infrastructure, but the
politicians&#39; own attitude toward modern warfare.”&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/799791233546324266/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/799791233546324266' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/799791233546324266'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/799791233546324266'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/leader-of-one-most-promising-lithuanian.html' title='Leader of One Most Promising Lithuanian Political Parties R. Žemaitaitis Opposes Universal Conscription: The majority in the Lithuanian Seimas are still communists at heart'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-2633812524505395060</id><published>2026-10-04T09:28:50.039-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-04T09:28:50.039-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Visuotinio šaukimo nepalaiko R. Žemaitaitis: Lietuvos Seimo dauguma vis dar širdyse yra komunistai</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;“Stiprios pozicijos
laikosi „aušriečių“ lyderis R. Žemaitaitis. Jo vertinimu, Lietuvai nereikėtų
orientuotis į visuotinį šaukimą ir tradicinės karinės infrastruktūros plėtrą.
„Visuotinis šaukimas čia yra absurdas, čia daugiau yra politinė reklama“, –
Eltai sakė R. Žemaitaitis. &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Politiko teigimu, didesnį dėmesį reikėtų skirti kariniam
rengimui mokyklose bei fizikos, chemijos, biologijos ir robotikos mokymui. Anot
jo, šiuolaikiniame kare svarbūs technologiniai gebėjimai, todėl prie gynybos
galėtų prisidėti ir žmonės, kurie dėl sveikatos ar fizinių savybių negalėtų
atlikti įprastos karinės tarnybos. &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;„Mes gyvename tarybine visuotinio šaukimo ideologija, tai
yra komunistinis, tarybinis, sovietinis mentalitetas, kad reikia statyti kareivines
ir turėti visuotinį šaukimą“, – teigė R. Žemaitaitis. Jo nuomone, pagrindinė
problema yra ne finansavimas ar infrastruktūra, o pats politikų požiūris į
šiuolaikinį karą.“&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lrytas.lt/lietuvosdiena/kriminalai/2026/10/03/news/siauliu-kalejime-kruvina-dvieju-18-meciu-zudiko-drama-i-laisve-verzesi-paemes-ikaite-pareigune-44303284&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/feeds/2633812524505395060/comments/default' title='Rašyti komentarus'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment/fullpage/post/49202995877254467/2633812524505395060' title='0 Komentarai (-ų)'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/2633812524505395060'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/49202995877254467/posts/default/2633812524505395060'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://mokslas-studijos-ekonomika.blogspot.com/2026/10/visuotinio-saukimo-nepalaiko-r.html' title='Visuotinio šaukimo nepalaiko R. Žemaitaitis: Lietuvos Seimo dauguma vis dar širdyse yra komunistai'/><author><name>Kęstas</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05860298653520015212</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49202995877254467.post-4918036272383707472</id><published>2026-10-04T06:25:23.218-07:00</published><updated>2026-10-04T06:27:18.355-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Kam priklauso Mėnulis?</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Septintajame dešimtmetyje sudaryta sutartis skelbė, kad
niekas negali savintis kosmoso. Vis dėlto praėjus pusei amžiaus milijardieriai
ir didžiosios valstybės čia įžvelgia galimybę susikrauti milžiniškus turtus.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1950 m. pasirodžiusioje Roberto Heinleino apysakoje „Žmogus,
pardavęs Mėnulį“ (angl. *The Man Who Sold the Moon*) pasakojama apie verslo
magnatą, siekiantį tapti pirmuoju žmogumi Mėnulyje ir imantį aukcione
pardavinėti teises į Mėnulio paviršių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Vieną dieną kils nuožmi kova dėl to, kam priklauso Mėnulis,
– sako jis savo kolegoms verslininkams. – Noriu taip susidėlioti kortas, kad
laimėtume mes.“&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tuo metu, kai JAV ir Sovietų Sąjunga lenktyniavo dėl
kelionės į Mėnulį, atrodė, kad R. Heinleino vizija gali tapti tikrove.
Siekdamos užbėgti tam už akių, didžiosios valstybės sudarė susitarimą – 1967 m.
Kosmoso sutartį.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Daugiau nei 100 šalių sutarė: Mėnulis niekam nepriklauso.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Šiandien ši padėtis atrodo nebe tokia vienareikšmė.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasaulio didžiosios valstybės dabar varžosi kurdamos
branduoline energija varomas bazes Mėnulyje, o verslo lyderiai puoselėja savas
svajones apie šį palydovą. Elonas Muskas, R. Heinleino kūrybos gerbėjas, regi
„trilijonų vertės rinkas“, įskaitant Mėnulyje įrengtus duomenų centrus ir
katapultą palydovams į gilesnį kosmosą paleisti. Jeffas Bezosas nori perkelti
sunkiąją pramonę į Mėnulį, o Žemę paversti „planeta-sodu“.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;JAV vyriausybė domisi heliu, sušalusiu vandeniu ir kitais
ištekliais, esančiais netoli Mėnulio pietų ašigalio. Kinija taip pat atliko
žvalgybą ir, bendradarbiaudama su Rusija, ketina statyti savo bazę prie to
paties ašigalio.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Šį laikotarpį lemia įsitikinimas, kad pirmasis yra
geriausias ir kad tas, kas pirmas įsitvirtins Mėnulyje, galės diktuoti
taisykles. Visiems kitiems beliks joms paklusti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kosmoso sutartyje buvo nustatyta, kad šalys negali savintis
kosmoso „naudojimo ar okupacijos būdu“. Sutartyje teigiama, kad kosmoso tyrimai
turėtų būti naudingi visoms šalims. (Sutartis buvo skirta ginkluotės kontrolei
ir joje buvo uždrausta kosmose laikyti branduolinius ginklus.)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tačiau praėjus beveik 60 metų po sutarties ratifikavimo, į
kai kuriuos klausimus vis dar reikia atsakyti. Kokią jurisdikciją valstybė gali
taikyti Mėnulyje įkurtai bazei? Ar įmonė gali gauti pelno iš Mėnulio turtų? Ar
valstybė arba įmonė gali aptverti teritoriją ir neleisti į ją patekti kitiems?&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Ankstesni bandymai atsakyti į kai kuriuos iš šių klausimų iš
esmės nepavyko.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Aštuntojo dešimtmečio pabaigoje priimtoje Mėnulio sutartyje
Mėnulio ištekliai buvo paskelbti bendru žmonijos paveldu ir reikalaujama, kad
jų naudojimas būtų valdomas tarptautiniu mastu.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Šiai sutarčiai pritarė tik 17 šalių.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Jungtinės Valstijos, Sovietų Sąjunga ir Kinija jos
nepasirašė. Didžiosios galios nenorėjo dalytis technologijomis ar būsimais
turtais, kurių galima būtų rasti Mėnulyje.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasak Anglijos Daramo universiteto astropolitikos
profesoriaus Bleddyno Boweno, kadangi Mėnulyje esančių išteklių kiekis nėra
tiksliai žinomas, o ekonomiškai efektyvaus jų gavybos būdo nėra, iki šiol
nebuvo pakankamai didelio stimulo susitarimui pasiekti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Tai „pilkoji zona“, kuri šiuo metu tenkina visas puses“, –
sakė dr. B. Bowenas.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kosmoso teisės srityje vis labiau įsitvirtina vienas
argumentas: valstybės gali nuosavybės teise valdyti tai, ką išgauna, net jei
negali nuosavybės teise valdyti paties Mėnulio.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kai kurie teisės ekspertai brėžia paraleles su Jūrų teisės
konvencija, reglamentuojančia išteklių gavybą gelminiuose vandenynų
sluoksniuose – dar viename bendrame žmonijos paveldo objekte. Jei valstybės
gali vykdyti gavybą vandenynų gelmėse, vadinasi, jos gali tai daryti ir
kosmose, teigia Sidnėjaus universiteto dėstytojas, kosmoso teisės specialistas
Husseinas Badreddine&#39;as.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Daugelis šalių yra priėmusios nacionalinius teisės aktus,
reglamentuojančius valstybių ir privačių subjektų veiklą kosmose. Pavyzdžiui,
2015 m. priimtas JAV įstatymas leidžia įmonėms vykdyti gavybą kosmose.
„Artemidės susitarimai“ (angl. *Artemis Accords*) – JAV iniciatyva parengtas ir
76 valstybių pasirašytas neįpareigojančių principų rinkinys – skelbia, kad
išteklių gavyba Mėnulyje, Marse, kometose ar asteroiduose nepažeidžia Kosmoso
sutarties.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kinija ir bent 12 kitų šalių pasiekė panašų susitarimą dėl
tarptautinės Mėnulio tyrimų stoties.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Kai NASA paspartino planus Mėnulyje įrengti branduolinį
reaktorių, sprendimą lėmė nuogąstavimai, kad jei Kinija ir Rusija reaktorių
pastatytų pirmosios, jos galėtų paskelbti draudžiamąją zoną, ribojančią
amerikiečių astronautų ir jų marsaeigių judėjimo laisvę.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Pasak kosmoso teisės ekspertų ir mokslininkų, tokia zona –
net ir nustatyta saugumo sumetimais – prieštarautų pirmajam Kosmoso sutarties
straipsniui, kuriame įtvirtinta laisva prieiga prie kosmoso visiems. Kai kurie
diplomatai teigia, kad toks sutarties aiškinimas, leidžiantis pirmiesiems
atvykėliams nustatyti taisykles, galėtų sudaryti sąlygas *de facto*
monopolijoms Mėnulyje atsirasti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Tikimasi, kad Jungtinių Tautų darbo grupė iki kitų metų
parengs galutinius principus, skirtus šiems klausimams spręsti.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Vis dėlto praktiškai tik nedaugelis šalių turi pakankamai
finansinių išteklių ir pažangių technologijų Mėnuliui tyrinėti bei plėtoti. Be
to, sutartyje palikta pakankamai erdvės interpretacijoms, leidžiančioms vienai
iš šių šalių įrengti branduolinį reaktorių arba versliam magnatui pradėti
naudingųjų iškasenų gavybą.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;„Jei Kinija ir Amerika bus tos dvi šalys, kurios Mėnulyje
atlieka visus darbus, – sakė dr. Bowenas, – jos iš esmės galės pačios susitarti
dėl taisyklių” [1] &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;1. Who Owns the Moon? Selam Gebrekidan.  New York Times
(Online) New York Times Company. Oct 4, 2026.&lt;/p&gt;

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