Programming Inspiration

www.saggooms.wix.com/blog

2014-07-07T05:56:00.002-07:00

We have moved to Wix, our new blog is here: www.saggooms.wix.com/blog

Program in C#: How to Check if a String is Palindrome or not - Three line solution - Shortest Method

2014-06-14T08:07:00.000-07:00

Today i will tell you program in C#, about how to check whether a string is a Palindrome or not. You may also check Long version.

What is Palindrome?
Palindrome is a word, phrase, number, or other sequence of symbols or elements that reads the same forward or reversed. For example: "madam", "1221".

Here's the code:

string phrase=Console.ReadLine();

Console.WriteLine(Enumerable.SequenceEqual(phrase, phrase.Reverse()));

Console.ReadLine();

Output:

Output is True for Palindrome String "civic"

Output is False for Non Palindrome String "hello"

M.S. Saggoo is a Software Engineer and founder of Programming Inspiration, a popular programming news and development blog since 2013.

What can I do for you? I can be found on Facebook and can be reached by email .

An Absolute Beginner's Tutorial for Understanding ASP.NET MVC Routes

2014-06-13T06:50:00.004-07:00

In this article we will try to understand about ASP.NET MVC Routes. We will get to know the details about routes and try to see how we can implement route constraints.

Background

Developer coming from the the background of ASP.NET Webforms find it rather difficult to understand(when starting work in MVC) how the request gets mapped to a controller's action and ultimately a view gets rendered on the screen. In Web forms the request is actually mapped to the page that is physically present in the application directory. But in ASP.NET MVC the every request needs to be mapped to a controller. There is no concept of physical ASPX file in ASP.NET MVC.

In ASP.NET MVC we have controllers. Each controller will have multiple action and every action is supposed to take care of a user request. How the user requested URL gets mapped to the controller's action methods? The answer to this question is the Routing mechanism in ASP.NET MVC. The routes are the bridges between the user requested URL and the controller's action method. Routes takes care of the mapping strategy for mapping request URLs to the controllers and action methods.

This does not mean that we have to manually map all the URLs to the controllers and actions. ASP.NET MVC provides the mechanism of automating the routing by specifying the routes which are sort of hints/patterns. These hints/patterns will let the routing module understand the request URL and corresponding controller and action to invoke.

To let the routing engine understand better, we can specify the following in a route:

Patterns: This helps the parser understand how to break down request URL and map them to specific controller and action.
Route parameters: This let the engine understand the parameters coming in routes and maps them to the arguments of action methods.
Route Constraints: This let the parser know the type of the paramters being passed (string/int).
Ignore Rules: This let the parser know what all routes or pattern of routes should be ignored.

Using the code

To understand the above concepts in a better way, let us create a simple empty MVC 4 web application. We will see how we can specify various routes for this application.

All the route information is stored in a collection called as RouteCollection. If we want to specify route patterns for our application we need to add these patterns to this collection whenever our applicaiton starts. MVC 4 Project templates provides a default route already added to the RouteCollection. This default route exists inRegisterRoutes method of RouteConfig.cs file. This method is called from Application_Start life cycle event in global.asax file. Let us look at this default route and try to understand the pattern.

routes.MapRoute(
    name: "Default",
    url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
    defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);

The first property is the name of the route. Every route we add to the route collection should have unique name so that it can be uniquely identified. The second property is the url, It specifies the pattern of of request URL to act{controller}/{action}/{id}. So if a user is requesting a URL like: www.example.com/Customer/Edit/1, this URL will invoke the Customer controller's Edit Action method with a parameter id a 1. The third property specifies the default value of controller, action and id parameter i.e. If the user requests for www.example.com then since the controller, action and id part are absent in the URL, the routing engine will take the default values and invoke Home controller,s Index action with no id parameter(since it is specified as optional).

Now the first question that comes in mind is - what if we have to supply 2 parameters to the action method. Well, that is fairly easy to do. All we need to do is to specify mulitple parameter values in the route:

routes.MapRoute(
    name: "multipleparams",
    url: "{controller}/{action}/{param1}/{param2}",
    defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Action2", param1 = UrlParameter.Optional, param2 = UrlParameter.Optional }
);

In the similar manner, we can specify any number of route parameters in the route pattern. Also, we can choose to make any of these parameters as optional.

Route Constraints

Route constraints are mainly used to restrict the request URL that match a particular route and this particular route. This can be used to restrict the routes that are invalid for our application. The route constraint i specified in form of a regular expression. Lets try to understand the problem by defining a simple action method to edit the an entity. Lets define the action method for it.

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    public ActionResult Edit(int id)
    {
        ViewBag.Message = "Home/Edit/" + id;
        return View();
    }
}

Now this action method is expecting an int value to be passed to it. There is a view for this action method which is simply displaying the route. So lets call this action method with the following URL: "Home/Edit/1". The result will be:

What happened was that our default route was sufficient for the routing engine to parse the requested URL and invoke the Edit action. Now Let us try to pass an invalid int value in the route i.e. "Home/Edit/test". The result now is:

The reason for this is that non integer values are not valid for this action method. So for our application this is an invalid path and to mark this path as invalid path we can define a custom route with route constraint. lets try to define this route with the route constraint.

routes.MapRoute(
    name: "home_Edit",
    url: "Home/Edit/{id}",
    defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Edit" },
    constraints: new { id = @"\d+" }
);

This route will now only accept valid number values for this route. Now if we try to hit the same URL again the browser will clearly say that this is an invalid URL.

Ignoring some routes

There are some scenarios where we would also like to completely ignore some of the routes. If we look at theRouteConfig class, we can see a code like:

routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

What this does is that it restricts the access to all the URLs ending with .axd extension because we dont want the end user to be able to access Trace.axd or other resource axd files.

Before wrapping up this small tip, one important thing to keep in mins. The order insert the routes into theRouteCollection is very important. The routing module i.e the route handler will start looking into this map from top to bottom. So if we need to put some specific routes along with generic ones, we should put the specific ones before the generic ones.
If you like this post, then Please Share this Post with others!

M.S. Saggoo is a Software Designer and Developer and founder of Programming Inspiration,
a popular programming news and development blog since 2013.

I can be found on Facebook and can be reached by email .

Facebook's Hack: a new programming language for HHVM

2014-06-12T00:04:00.000-07:00

Facebook has released a programming language called Hack, which marries the ease of PHP with the rigorous safety controls of older languages such as C++.
PHP programmers should easily understand Hack, which replicates many of the same features and functions of PHP, and adds a few of its own for greater productivity, said Bryan O’Sullivan, a Facebook engineer on the project.
Over the past year, Facebook has converted nearly all of its PHP code base to Hack, which makes up the core of its website.
In creating Hack, Facebook took an approach that was similar to Microsoft’s with TypeScript, which is basically a superset of JavaScript that, like Hack, adds static typing.
Both projects set out to strengthen a popular dynamic programming language so it can be more easily used by large software teams to design mission-critical applications.
Individuals would also benefit by using Hack, O’Sullivan said, both in terms of increasing performance of their websites and improving the overall quality of their code.

Extending PHP

Hack requires Facebook’s HHVM (Hip Hop Virtual Machine) to run. HHVM is a virtual machine that compiles PHP, normally an interpreted language, into byte code, so it can run more quickly.
Hack is basically an extension of the PHP language with built-in static typing, a feature found in more traditional programming languages such as C/C++ and Java, O’Sullivan said.
Many of the newer Web-oriented programming languages, such as PHP and JavaScript, do not have static typing, hence they are referred to as dynamically typed languages.
With dynamic typing, “there is no explicit information in the source code that describes what kind of information the program is dealing with,” O’Sullivan said.
In contrast, static typing requires the programmer to define the data type for each variable before that program is compiled or run.
Though it takes extra work to implement, static typing prevents run-time errors occurring when the wrong data type is entered into the program, either by human input or some other computer function.
“There are certain kinds of errors and crashes that can occur,” if the programmer is not careful about what data is assigned to variables, O’Sullivan said. “These latent errors can hide for a long time in a dynamically typed languages.”
The HHVM virtual machine has a built-in type checker to ensure that all of the typed information is correct. Hack even allows the programmer to define unique data types.
“Syntactically, Hack is very close to PHP. We allowed it to be possible to run PHP and Hack code side-by-side so you can gradually convert your language codebase from PHP to Hack,” O’Sullivan said.
Certain deprecated PHP features, however, are not supported in Hack, and neither are a handful of features that don’t work well with static typing.
Hack also comes with a number of additions not found in PHP. One is Collections, a way to create arrays with more nuance than the array function offered by PHP itself, O’Sullivan said.
Hack also eases the use of closures through the use of Lambda expressions. Closures,which were added to Java 8, “make it easy to succinctly write fairly complicated data transformations,” O’Sullivan said.
Hack’s Lambda expressions provide a way to create closures “with a fewer number of keystrokes, which is a big win for productivity,” he said.
Facebook has supplied a number of text editor plug-ins on the Hack website to help coders write in the language, though the company is hoping volunteers will build a few more elaborate ones.
O’Sullivan didn’t reveal any specific plans to offer the Hack augmentations back to the keepers of PHP, though he did note that the company plans to “work closely with the open-source community,” to further develop the language.
M.S. Saggoo is a Software Engineer and founder of Programming Inspiration, a popular programming news and development blog since 2013.
What can I do for you? I can be found on Facebook and can be reached by email .

Apple Releases New Programming Language: Swift

2014-06-11T00:48:00.001-07:00

Apple’s newly-announced programming language brings a number of benefits, and marks a major change in how developers can build apps for the iPhone and iPad. Before now, Apple has been relying on Objective-C, which was built on the foundation of the venerable C programming language.

Apple’s change is good news for consumers and developers alike. Swift’s introduction has pumped new life into the already vibrant Apple developer ecosystem, and seems poised to spur a new generation of innovative applications.

At its core, Swift is designed to be just that – a fast and easier way for people to build programs for the iPhone, iPad and Mac. The language does away the more complicated trappings of Objective-C, and replaces it with a simplified syntax that’s easier to pick up, but still feels familiar.

It also comes with a number of powerful features Objective-C has lacked, including Playgrounds, a system that allows developers to see how changes to their project affect their end product as they add to and tweak their code. Under Objective-C, developers needed to wait for their project to compile and run before they could test any code changes, which can be a time-consuming process.

One of the interesting features of Swift is that it does away with Objective-C’s emphasis on declaring variable types. Now, developers don’t have to specify in the code whether a variable is a string of text or a floating-point number. The compiler automatically handles the data for them.

A sample of Swift code

What’s more, Swift and Objective-C use the same compiler, so it’s possible for an app to have both Objective-C, C and Swift source code.

The language still has a few rough edges, though. For example, Seattle-based developer Wayne Bishop of Galleries HQ pointed out that Swift allows users to choose whether or not to end each of their code statements with a semicolon (a C and Objective-C staple), and said that could cause confusion.

M.S. Saggoo is a Software Engineer and founder of Programming Inspiration, a popular programming news and development blog since 2013.

What can I do for you? I can be found on Facebook and can be reached by email .

Code to Check whether Given Number or Sentence is Palindrome

2014-06-11T00:00:00.000-07:00

Today i will tell you program in C#, about how to check whether a string is a Palindrome or not. You may also check Short - Three Statement long version.

What is Palindrome?
Palindrome is a word, phrase, number, or other sequence of symbols or elements that reads the same forward or reversed. For example: "madam", "1221".

Here's the code:

using System;

namespace Palindrome_Checker

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

PalindromeChecker_class palindrome = new PalindromeChecker_class();

Console.WriteLine("Enter phrase to be checked:");

switch (palindrome.PalindromeChecker((Console.ReadLine())))

{

case true:

{

Console.WriteLine("Yes, this phrase is Palindromic");

break;

}

case false:

{

Console.WriteLine("No, this phrase is not Palindromic");

break;

}

Console.ReadLine();

}

class PalindromeChecker_class

{

char[] phrase;

bool ispalindrome = true;

public bool PalindromeChecker(string phrase_to_be_checked)

{

phrase = phrase_to_be_checked.ToString().ToCharArray();

switch (phrase_to_be_checked.Length)

{

case 1:

{

return true;

}

case 2:

{

return (phrase[0] == phrase[1]);

}

case 3:

{

return (phrase[0] == phrase[2]);

}

default:

{

for (int j = 0; ispalindrome && j < phrase.Length / 2; j++)

{

ispalindrome = (phrase[j] == phrase[phrase.Length - (j + 1)]);

}

return ispalindrome;

}

Some of the features of this Program are:
1. Input can be anything: a number, special characters, sentence in English or any other language.
2. It can check number and sentence of such a big length that when we assign that number or sentence to an array, the size of array does not exceed 2GB. (Since in .NET 4.5 "No object can have size greater than 2GB).

Hope you like it!

M.S. Saggoo is a Software Engineer and founder of Programming Inspiration, a popular programming news and development blog since 2013.

What can I do for you? I can be found on Facebook and can be reached by email .

Precise Difference between Encapsulation and Abstraction

2014-05-03T06:33:00.001-07:00

A priori, they've got nothing in common.

point x = { 1, 4 };
point y = { 23, 42 };

int d = distance(x, y);

Here, distance encapsulates the calculation of the (euclidean) distance between two points in a plane: it hides implementation details. This is encapsulation, pure and simple.

Abstraction is the process of generalization: taking a concrete implementation and making it applicable to different, albeit somewhat related, types of data. The classical example of abstraction is C's qsortfunction which sorts data.

The thing about qsort is that it doesn't care about the data it sorts – in fact, it doesn't know what data it sorts. Rather, its input type is a typeless pointer (void*) which is just C's way of saying “I don't care about the type of data” (this is also called type erasure). The important point is that the implementation of qsort always stays the same, regardless of data type. The only thing that has to change is the compare function, which differs from data type to data type. qsort therefore expects the user to provide said compare function as a function argument.

Encapsulation is hiding the implementation details which may or may not be for generic or specialized behavior(s).

Abstraction is providing a generalization (say, over a set of behaviors).

Get First 55203 ASCII Symbols

2014-04-30T02:09:00.000-07:00

Language: Microsoft Visual C#

Hi Friends, today i will tell you code to get First 55,295 ASCIIs symbols stored in your computer. It can be also written in C++. This program even writes (and saves) all the values of ASCII symbols in a Microsoft WordPad file.


        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int i = 1;
            List<string> ascii_values = new List<string>();
            Console.WriteLine("How many First ASCII values do you want?");
            int max = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
            DateTime start_time = DateTime.Now;
            while (i <= max) { ascii_values.Add(i + " = " + Char.ConvertFromUtf32(i)); i++; }
            ascii_values.Add("\nTOTAL TIME ELEAPSED: " + (DateTime.Now - start_time).TotalMilliseconds.ToString() + " Milliseconds");
            ascii_values.Add("\nCreated ON: " +DateTime.Now.ToString());
            ascii_values.Add("\nDeveloped By Malwinder Singh");
            ascii_values.Add("\nVisit my Personal Blog: http://www.mssaggoo.blogspot.in");
            File.WriteAllLines(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory) + "\\First " + max.ToString() + " ASCII Symbols.rtf", ascii_values.ToArray(), System.Text.Encoding.Unicode);
            System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory) + "\\First " + max.ToString() + " ASCII Symbols.rtf");
        }

Console Output will be:

Enter value not more than 55203 and press Enter...

Program will stream list of these ASCII symbols to a word pad file which opens automatically and is saved in your desktop.
Output in Word file:

Programming Inspiration

www.saggooms.wix.com/blog

Program in C#: How to Check if a String is Palindrome or not - Three line solution - Shortest Method

An Absolute Beginner's Tutorial for Understanding ASP.NET MVC Routes

Introduction

Background

Using the code

Route Constraints

Ignoring some routes

Facebook's Hack: a new programming language for HHVM

Extending PHP

Apple Releases New Programming Language: Swift

Code to Check whether Given Number or Sentence is Palindrome

Precise Difference between Encapsulation and Abstraction

Get First 55203 ASCII Symbols