Musing on the Markets

Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with Michael J. Mauboussin

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 20:51:00 GMT

In my latest interview with the Chief Investment Strategist for Legg Mason Capital Management, we discussed a bottom-up view of the markets, the sustainability of the US economic recovery, and key segments of his new book: "Think Twice: Harnessing the Power of Counterintuition", including concepts such as decision making danger zones.

The length of the interview is 14 minutes 10 seconds.

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Vinny Catalano, CFA, Global Investment Strategist with Blue Marble Research publishes the "Sectors and Styles Strategy Report" newsletter, which contains the market beating Model Growth Portfolio. To learn about subscribing as well as other benefits, click here.

Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with Alexander Young

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Wed, 28 Oct 2009 12:35:00 GMT

In my second interview with the International Equity Strategist for Standard and Poors we discussed the S&P economic outlook, the rebound in global trade, the advised investment focus on global cyclical leadership, and risks of an economic double dip.

The length of the interview is 12 minutes 05 seconds.

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Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with Donald Rissmiller

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Tue, 20 Oct 2009 23:50:00 GMT

My third interview with the Chief Economist at Strategas Research Partners focused on my bifurcated earnings outcome, the US employment situation, the political dynamics of 2010, the dual exit strategies of monetary and fiscal policy, and the inevitability that the deficit bill will come due, among other topics.

The length of the interview is 17 minutes 16 seconds.

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Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview Phil Roth

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 02:35:00 GMT

Always good to check in with the Wall Street veteran and Chief Market Technical Analyst for Miller + Tabak, who stills sees an absence of public and traditional institutional investor participation in the equity markets, no trend divergences to signal a major market decline ahead, recognition that a 10% correction can materialize without warning, expectation that gold will double or triple from current levels, and a country, sector, and style outlook.

The length of the interview is 13 minutes 48 seconds.

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Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with David Rosenberg

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:39:00 GMT

"Hope always seems to spring eternal in liquidity-driven financial markets. That is very much the case today in the aftermath of the biggest liquidity injection in modern history." So wrote Stephen Roach, Chairman, Morgan Stanley Asia in today's FT. And liquidity is where my interview with David Rosenberg, Chief Economist and Strategist with Gluskin Sheff & Associates (formerly chief north american economist with Merrill Lynch) begins. We go on to discuss the state of the global consumer and new frugality, the continuing process of deleveraging, the probabilities of top line growth, and asset valuations, among other timely topics.

The length of the interview is 14 minutes 55 seconds.

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Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with Subodh Kumar

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 03:24:00 GMT

In a most insightful third interview, the Chief Investment Strategist of Subodh Kumar & Associates provides a comprehensive review of the global economic climate, the importance of the recent German elections and the connection to deficits and central bank exit strategies, and a stock market preference for emerging markets.

The length of the interview is 19 minutes 11 seconds.

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V Shaped Rally ≠ V Shaped Recovery

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Wed, 23 Sep 2009 16:56:00 GMT

Yesterday’s posted interview with David Malpass brings into sharp focus a key aspect of the US economic recovery that far too few investors are tuned into. Specifically, the underappreciated dynamic that second, third, and lower tier companies (the backbone of employment growth in the US) may not deliver the much anticipated above consensus earnings results this and future quarters ahead. Moreover, as the backbone of employment growth, weakness in second, third, and lower tier companies act as a depressant on wages, hours worked, and consumer sentiment. Therefore, how the US (and global economy) will reach a sustainable recovery without the US consumer is a riddle wrapped in an enigma.

Lacking a large exposure to global markets (where the growth is and where the weak US dollar helps deliver strong short term results), the SMIDS (small and mid cap companies) on down are vulnerable to disappointing investors with at or below consensus earnings results next month. In this regard, David points out in the interview that above consensus earnings results this coming 3Q09 for large and mega cap multi nationals may come to pass via pricing power pressures on all companies offset by volume growth courtesy a cannibalization of the units growth to lower tier companies.

(As a reminder, 2Q09 bottom line results surprised to the upside thanks to cost cutting, as top line growth was largely in line with expectations. In the current quarter ending next week, expectations are for above consensus earnings results produced by top line growth that surprises to the upside (with cost cutting is largely done). With the US economy still on its knees, it is hard to see how US domestic top line growth (revenues = price x units sold) can surprise to the upside. How this happens for companies that will not benefit from global markets (and a weak dollar) is a mystery soon to be revealed.)

Investment Strategy Implications

In a liquidity driven stock market, all logic goes out the window – for a while. Justifications for over valued markets abound. And buy high to sell higher becomes the music that all performance based investors must dance to. Phrases like “melt up”, thanks to expectations that the $3.5 trillion sitting in near zero percent money market funds will be forced into equities, is the support rendered for P/E ratios that warrant above average (i.e. 15 times) levels. Sound familiar?

In such times, a prudent investor is a contrarian investor. Momentum driven/fast money “investors” awaiting sideline money to sell to on the basis of melt ups and a sustainable global economic recovery rooted in a deleveraging US consumer may turn out to be a fantasy bubble about to burst.

Vinny Catalano, CFA, is President and Global Investment Strategist with Blue Marble Research (BMR). BMR publishes the "Sectors and Styles Strategy Report" newsletter, which contains the market beating Model Growth Portfolio. To learn about subscribing as well as other benefits, click here.

Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with David Malpass

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Tue, 22 Sep 2009 23:57:00 GMT

My interview with the former chief economist at Bear Stearns, David Malpass (President of Encima Global), centered on the importance of small businesses and the state of the US economy. Recognized but under-appreciated by most investors, the engine of job creation in the US is far from healthy. While big and sound businesses have had their access to capital restored and have business models centered on the global markets (which is where the growth is), small and mid sized businesses in the US do not enjoy such good fortune. And while some might argue that the process the global economy is going through is a form of creative destruction, David astutely points out that bankers' quest for safe investments runs the risk of cutting into the muscle of the economy - not to mention the role such credit starvation will play in the stagnation of wage growth and employment. With an national election on the calendar next year (and the Democrats poised to take a mid term beating), the political dimension to this issue will almost certainly take center stage.

The investment strategy implications are not just in the broad macro economic sense. In tomorrow's commentary I will elaborate on this point. Until then, I encourage you to give the 14 minutes 8 second informative and insightful interview a listen (or two).

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Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with Vitaliy Katsenelson

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Fri, 18 Sep 2009 14:27:00 GMT

My conversation with the Director of Research for Investment Management Associates and author of "Active Value Investing: Making Money in Range-bound Markets" includes the investment significance re the wide gap between operating earnings and GAAP earnings, reasons to doubt China's published growth rate, the sustainability of the rally in gold, and a major contrarian call on healthcare.

The length of the interview is 17 minutes 58 seconds.

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When, Not If

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Tue, 15 Sep 2009 15:24:00 GMT

Now that the S&P 500 has hit my full year target of 1050 (made last December 30 as published in the Wall Street Journal’s “MarketBeat” blog) - with 3 months still left to go, I might note, cyclical bulls (like me) who have turned increasingly more cautious over the past two months (as stocks moved well passed their fair value targets) continue to sell into the rally. The portfolio consequences of this sell-into-strength decision are two fold – reduced profits and reduced exposure to a pullback.

As stocks moved higher into overvalued territory, the first course of action was to maintain a portfolio’s equity exposure (assuming it was less than 100%) to the total assets managed, which for accounts managed by my company was in the low 90% range. When stocks continued to march ahead these past few weeks, the course of action shifted to reducing the equity exposure, which now stands in the mid to upper 80% range. This modified market timing (a/k/a sector and style tilting) works best in portfolios geared for the long term and subscribe to the diversification with a tilt approach to managing money*. Eventually, stocks that have taken a shine to the stratosphere will feel the gravitational pull of profit taking, common sense, and a cooling down of the animal spirits momentum “investing”. A correction then ensues.

On the assumption that a correction will eventually occur (and it will), the timing of the correction may be domain of the foolish and the insightful but the process is not. From experience investors should assume that one of the following will likely occur:

Air pocket – investors rise one morning to find stocks gap open to the downside in a big way. Volatility rises as price action becomes more erratic with many whipsaw movements. Bye bye steady up, hello wild and wooly.

Sudden but moderate – a decline starts and continues as market pundits proclaim the healthy qualities such a Goldilocks version of corrections exhibits.

Erosion – the decline sneaks up on you. Slow, steady, and highly corrosive. The flip side of the past several months. Of the three possibilities listed above, I would opt for #1, the air pocket. However, whatever correction does emerge, investors are best served by being clear about their portfolio strategy action steps before, during, and into a correction. I have articulated the general outlines of my approach. What’s yours?

Investment Strategy Implications

Eventually, stocks will experience a pullback. The gravitational forces of profit taking, common sense, and a cooling down of the animal spirits momentum “investing” will help markets absorb and reflect on where the fair value for an asset class belongs. At 1050, expectations now put stocks at 1170 (10% discount factor) 12 months hence, which means that operating earnings need to reach $78 by 3Q10 – a number that only the most optimistic of forecasters has recorded. Alternatively, there are those who argue that a higher than normal times P/E (15 times) is appropriate (e.g. due to low inflation, good rates of return on equity, large amounts of liquidity still sitting on the sidelines), despite the fact that so much remains highly uncertain. All things considered,

When, Not If appears to be a good investment conclusion to reach at this time. And being a contrarian investor (as opposed to a follow the crowd momentum “investor”) means taking money off the table is a prudent course of action at this time.

*see my August 27 Minyanville article

Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with Susanne Trimbath, Ph. D.

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Wed, 09 Sep 2009 15:26:00 GMT

My interview with the CEO and Chief Economist of STP Advisory Services includes her libertarian perspectives on the virtuous circle, the risks in the Fed's exit strategy, key consequences of financial innovation, and the next global financial crisis: public debt. Dr. Trimbath is also the author of "Beyond Junk Bonds: Expanding High Yield Markets".

The length of the interview is 18 minutes 28 seconds.

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The 3 Phases of this Bull Market

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Tue, 25 Aug 2009 13:41:00 GMT

The stock market rally since early March appears to have three distinct phases to it.

The first phase was the backing off from the economic abyss. The second phase was a bounce to fair value normalcy. The third phase (the one we are in now) is what I would call the return to business as usual phase (or “Recession. What recession?).

From where I sit, the first two phases were justified on many levels. Both phases featured massive amounts of government intervention combined with strong technicals to produce a rally to fair value. The elimination of the tail risk of the Great Depression II was followed by the above consensus macro economic readings (my MERI indicator), which was reinforced by the above consensus earnings results of 2Q09. Stocks rose to a reasonable fair value. So far, so good.

Unfortunately, at this point the seeds of questionable earlier decisions began to bear fruit. (Now, this going to sound very libertarian, so here goes.) Instead of pursuing the necessary cleansing process that all excesses produce, the Obama administration (which includes the US Treasury and the “independent” Federal Reserve) opted for a massive debt transference from the private to the public sector with the hope that time will heal all wounds. Along with this decision to socialize the bad behavior of the private sector most responsible for the crisis, the financial services industry, the Obama administration supported its core structure built on the laissez-faire era of the past two decades, accepting the largely unsubstantiated argument that financial innovation is a vital and necessary good for the economy.

With the government’s tacit support of the status quo, the investment mood shifted from fear and concern to hope and then enthusiasm.

The evidence of this mood shift back to the animal spirits days of yore came from a logical source – the financial services industry, the very sector of the global economy that provided the financial innovation grease to the out of control freight train of credit. And what better symbolic locomotive than Goldman Sachs, whose earnings report of July 14th whistled the bad old days were back in action. At this point, the Obama administration swung into action – with silence.

With its absence of outrage, the increasingly politically tone deaf Obama administration sent the public policy signal that its okay to bring the world economy to its knees, its okay to get bailed out with taxpayer money, its okay to shrink the competitive landscape (via Bear and Lehman’s demise), and its okay to return to the way things were – big profits and in your face fat bonuses.

The product of this wink and nod to Wall Street was the backlash at town hall meetings, which were as much about fairness as they were about healthcare reform concerns, a paranoid view of government, and a reactionary view of what constitutes being an American. It also produced an enthusiasm for stocks and an implied return to the bad old days.

Investment Strategy Implications

When you combine all these factors with the massive amount of investment capital ($3.5 trillion) still sitting in the near zero interest rate money market sidelines, the rising belief among many institutional investors that P/Es above their historical average are justified in the current low inflation environment, and the fledgling confidence that the global economy is on the mend* (along with the blind faith that the economic data from China is real), it is understandable how valuation levels could get to where they are today – stretched.

The investment question then becomes, “Is this a solid enough foundation upon which sustainable bull markets are built?” I have my doubts.

*I suggest reading Nouriel Roubini's comments in yesterday's FT.

Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with Thomas P. Au, CFA

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Sat, 22 Aug 2009 21:29:00 GMT

My interview with the author of "A Modern Approach to Graham and Dodd Investing" and Chief Economist at Pittsford Venture Group includes a historical perspective on why stocks are overvalued, the importance of value investing using book value and dividends, the exceptional use of optionality into valuation models, and the factors surrounding the uncertainty of top line (revenue) growth.

The length of the interview is 14 minutes 52 seconds.

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The End User Dilemma

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Wed, 19 Aug 2009 03:02:00 GMT

Back on August 3rd subscribers to my weekly newsletter - Sectors and Styles Strategy Report - read the following:

"China may become the bigger fly in the bullish ointment. Unlike the US, China has spent all of its stimulus package money not on consumer demand related areas (where it is most needed) but on more infrastructure projects. Since the US consumer is and will remain in balance sheet repair mode for a while and developed economy consumers (Europe and Japan) reluctant and/or unable to pick up the slack, end user (consumer) demand must materialize from emerging economies. With savings rates very high in China and other developing economies, expectations of V-shaped global economy recovery of a sustainable nature (meaning balanced and asset bubble free) seem fairly unlikely.

Therefore, a close eye should be kept on China and the very real prospect that a bubble burst may occur in that country. Should such an event occur, the global growth story becomes highly suspect, and equity values based on a global V-shaped recovery and expansion very problematic."

At the end of the day, somebody has got to buy something from someone else. The government may be the lender of last resort but it is not the buyer of last resort. That title belongs you and me - the consumer. And, despite its best Keynesian wishes, the prospect of demand being a guaranteed result of fiscal stimuli remains an unresolved mystery. Therefore, as helpful as next year's conveniently politically-timed US stimulus package will be, it cannot be, nor should be, counted on as lifting the world economy out of its end user dilemma. Moreover, government schemes like "cash for clunkers" get you only so far. They're like a life preserver keeping one's economic head just above the water, and nothing more.

Investment Strategy Implications

When stocks moved away from the abyss a certain sense of relief was taken to a modestly enthusiastic extreme. The more optimistic drank the valuation kool-aid of born again bullish investment strategists. "The more things change, the more they remain the same" became the mantra as business as usual replaced the panic-driven mindset - business most unusual.

With the past few days of market decline, perhaps reality will begin to sink into the valuation equation. Hopefully (but not likely), the vital focus on what is necessary for a sustainable global economic recovery will take center stage. And with it a concentrated effort to appreciate the end user dilemma.

Beyond the Sound Bite: An Interview with Michael Sheldon, CFA

Vinny Catalano, CFA — Sun, 16 Aug 2009 14:10:00 GMT

My interview with the Chief Market Strategist with the wealth management firm, RDM Financial Group, includes the prospects of a sub-par economic recovery due to rising US consumer savings, deleveraging, increased regulation, increased risk aversion, the structural advantages of emerging economies over developed economies, and the longer-term risk of deflation.

The length of the interview is 15 minutes 56 seconds.

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