Satheesh Kammath R

Std 7 - Chapter - 7 More on Internet

2014-02-01T20:45:00.000-08:00

Chapter - 7

More on Internet

1.	What is World Wide Web?
	The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3 commonly known as the web) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them via hyperlinks.
2.	What is the impact of Internet on our society?
	The Internet has greatly influence our society, government, commerce and other institutions. It is changing the way we live, work, learn, govern and communicate.
3.	How do you check your result online?
	Open the website to be searched. Click the Results option. Type your roll number and Click Submit.
4.	Name the facility on the Internet used to communicate with people instantly.
	Using the chat facility on the Internet, you can talk and communicate with people all around the world in no time. Yahoo Messenger, Gtalk, Windows Live Messenger, Skype are some the popular chat software.
5.	Which Internet facility allows you to send cards online?
	E-Greeting Card website are used to send online greetings.
6.	Give two examples for each of the following:
	Search Engine Sites: Google, Bing People Finder: www.piple.com, www.lullar.com E-Greeting Cards: www.123greetings.com, www.e-cards.com Instant Messengers: Yahoo Messenger, Gtalk
7.	How do you save a picture from a webpage to your hard disk?
	· Open any search engine and click Images option. · Type the name of the image you are searching for. · Click Search Images button. · Open the suitable image in the search engine website. · Right-click on the image and select Save Picture As option · Locate the folder where you want to save the image. · Click Save Button.
8.	What is downloading?
	Downloading is the method by which you access files, software, information from a remote computer using Internet.
9.	What is the use of people-finder sited?
	We can find our classmates, relatives and other great personalities pm the Internet.
10.	How do you copy text from a web page to a document
	· Select the text you want to copy from the web page, by dragging the mouse over the text. · Right click and select copy. · Open the document where you want to paste. · Right-click and paste.
11.	How is Internet used in the field of education?
	Internet is used in the field of education for online learning, giving online tests and see online results.

Std 7 - Chapter - 6 Learn To Use Photoshop CS3

2014-02-01T03:28:00.005-08:00

1.	How do you start Photoshop?
	1. Click Start Button. 2. Click Adobe Design Premium CS3. 3. Click Adobe Photoshop CS3.
2.	What is the use of filters in Photoshop?
	Filters are used to give special effects to the picture or selected portion of it. The Filter Gallery helps you to apply filters and view the thumbnail image of the change that appears which you may accept.
3.	Name the shortcut key to open layer palette.
	F7 is the shortcut key to open layer palette.
4.	Name the four categories of tools in Tools palette.
	1) Selection Tools, 2) Path, Text and Shape Tools 3) Painting Tools 4) View Tools
5.	What is Photoshop?
	Photoshop is a software for image processing. It is widely used by professional photographers to edit, manipulate and recolour photographs and create special effects, draw objects, write text on them.
6.	What do you mean by resolution?
	Resolution means the number of pixels dots per inch. Higher resolution pictures have sharper image but require a lot of memory space.
7.	How do you hide a layer?
	To hide a layer, click on the eye icon that is the foremost left column of the layers palette.
8.	Write the use of following tools.
	1. Magic Wand Tool The Magic Want Tool is used to select adjacent areas of the same colour in an image. 2. Marquee Tool The Marquee Tools are used to select any image. Different sub selection tools of Marquee tools are Rectangular Marquee Tool, Elliptical Marquee Tool, Single Row Marquee Tool, and Single Column Marquee Tool. 3. Crop Tool Cropping is the process of removing some part of an image and creates focus on the remaining part. 4. Move Tool The Move Tool is used to move a selected image from one location to another.
9.	What are Retouching tools? Write the steps to use Healing Brush Tool.
	Tools that help in editing an image are referred as the Retouching tools. These tools can be used on the complete image or on a selected part of the image.
10.	How do you apply filter to an image?
	To apply a filter, · Open the image · Choose any category from Filter menu. If a dialog box appears, click OK to see the effect.

Std 7 - Chapter - 5 Computer Virus

2013-11-15T06:37:00.003-08:00

Chapter - 5

Computer Virus

1.	What are the symptoms of a computer virus?
	Symptoms of a virus include computer lockups, screen distortions, data loss, and unusual messages and reduced computer performance.
2.	What is an antivirus program?
	Antivirus programs check the files on your computer for viruses and also remove the entire virus.
3.	What is the full form of VIRUS?
	Vital Information Resources Under Seize
4.	What is a computer virus?
	Computer viruses are small software programs that are designed to spread from one computer to another and to interfere with computer operation.
5.	Write the names of any three Antivirus software
	Norton Antivirus, Kaspersky, and McAfee
6.	What is a Boot sector virus?
	Boot sector viruses affect the boot sector area of a hard disk.
7.	Write short notes on: Worms, Trojans
	Worms: A worm is a malicious program that duplicates itself. They eventually fill up the disks space with copies of itself and thereby make a computer system to work very slowly. Trojans: These viruses at first appear to be friendly but are very malicious programs. They steal information from the computer.
8.	Why it is necessary to scan an external device attached to your computer, before using it? Describe the process of scanning it.
	Because external devices may contain viruses, that affects our computers. Step 1. Double Click the Kaspersky Anti-Virus. Step 2. Click Scan option Step 3: Click the Full Scan option to scan all the drives of your computer.
9.	What precautions should you take to protect your computer from a virus?
	· Do not use a CD or pen drive received from another person unless you are certain that the disk does not contain a virus. · Do not download programs or other information from non-reputed sources on the Internet. · Restrict access to your system. · Install Antivirus programs on your computer.
10.	Why is it necessary to update your Anti-Virus software?
	New viruses appear often. You must keep updating your antivirus software regularly to fight against these new viruses.
11.	What are ‘bombs’ in connection with virus?
	Bombs are viruses which activate themselves after a specific time period and cause damage to the computer system.
12.	What do you mean by a macro virus?
	Macro viruses are written in the scripting languages for Microsoft programs such as MS Word and MS Excel. These viruses spread by Excel spreadsheets and other Microsoft Office documents.
13.	How do computer viruses attack our computers?
	· Through an infected CD or Pen drives. · Through e-mail attachments. · Visiting malicious website and downloading infected files. · Starting an infected application as it infects other running applications.

Std 7 - Chapter - 4 Charts in MS Excel 2007

2013-10-10T18:40:00.001-07:00

Chapter - 4

Charts in MS Excel 2007

1)	What happens to a chart when you change the data or text in a worksheet?
	Any changes in the worksheet will automatically update the chart.
2)	How do you change the chart type?
	a) Double click the chart. The Design tab opens b) Click the Change Chart Type in the type group c) Choose the new Chart Type and its Subtype
3)	Mention any three subtypes of Pie charts.
	Pie-in 2 D Pie-in 3 D Exploded Pie
4)	How do you resize a chart?
	To resize a chart proportionally, drag the corner handle on the chart diagonally.
5)	What is a chart?
	A picture showing numeric data is called a chart or graph. Charts are more attractive and appealing than simple representation of data.
6)	How do you delete data from a chart?
	By deleting the data from the related worksheet, we can delete the data from a chart too.
7)	How do you create a chart in Excel?
	a) Select the cells within the table. b) Click the Insert tab on the Ribbon. c) Select the type of chart you want from the Charts group. d) Select the chart subtype from the drop down list.
8)	Explain the following charts
	a) Line Chart A Line chart shows trends in data at equal intervals. It shows data in different styles of lines varying at equal intervals. b) Pie Chart A pie chart shows one data series in the form of the comparative size of things that make up the data series to the sum of the items. c) Column chart A column chart shows data changes over a period of time or illustrates comparisons among items.
9)	Name the different tabs that appear when charts get created.
	a) Design Tab b) Layout Tab c) Format Tab
10)	Name the locations where charts can be created?
	Charts can be created on the current worksheet, as an object in separate sheet or in the current workbook.

Std 7 - Chapter - 3 - More on MS Excel 2007 - Formulae and Functions

2013-08-03T23:02:00.000-07:00

Chapter - 3

More on MS Excel 2007 – Formulae and Functions

1.	What do you understand by the term Conditional Formatting?
	This feature allows us to format the data in the worksheet depending on if it satisfies a certain condition.
2.	What are functions?
	Functions are predefined commands that act on a cell or range of cells and perform some particular operation quickly.
3.	Define the term filtering?
	Filtering is a quick way to find a set of data in a range.
4.	What is cell referencing?
	Cell referencing means how a cell address behaves in the formulae when it is copied from one cell to the other.
5.	What do the following functions do? Explain with proper syntax and example of each.
	a) SUM: It adds all the numbers in a given range of cells. Syntax: =SUM(range or numbers) Example: =SUM(A1:A5) b) AVERAGE: It calculates the average of the numbers in a given range of cells Syntax: =AVERAGE(range or numbers) Example: =AVERAGE(A1:A5) c) MIN: It returns the smallest value in a given range of cells. Syntax: =MIN(range or numbers) Example: =MIN(A1:A5) d) MAX: It returns the largest value in a given range of cells. Syntax: =MAX(range or numbers) Example: =MAX(A1:A5)
6.	What is the use of IF function? Explain with an example.
	The IF function checks to see if a condition you specify is true, or false. The IF function returns the first value if the condition specified evaluates to TRUE and the second value if it evaluates to FALSE. Syntax: =IF(condition, value_if_True, value_if_False) Example 1: =IF(A1>50, 150,100) Example 2: =IF(A2=100, A2*10,”LOW”)
7.	What is Sorting? In how many ways you can sort your data?
	Sorting means to arrange data either in ascending or descending order. Excel allows you to sort by date, sort by text or numbers, sort by multiple columns, or by colour. And, if you like, you can even colour code your data.
8.	Define the following with an appropriate example of each.
	a) Relative referencing: in this referencing both column part and row part are not fixed. E.g. if the formula in D4 is =B4C4, when the formula is copied vertically notice that the cell address in the formula is automatically changed. (Pg. No 36) b) Absolute referencing: in this referencing both column part and row part are fixed. E.g. if the formula in D4 is =$B$42 and when it is copied to the lower rows, there is no change in the cell address. (Pg. No 37) c) Mixed referencing: in this referencing either column part or row part is fixed. E.g. $B4 is a mixed cell reference with absolute column and relative row and C$4 is a mixed cell reference with relative column and absolute row. (Pg. No 37)
9.	Write the steps to apply Custom Filter on a range of cells.
	Step 1: Click Data tab – filter Step 2: Click the arrow in the column heading. Step 3: Select Number Filters from the list. Step 4: Click Custom Filter, Custom AutoFilter dialog box appears. Step 5: Choose the option according to the condition you want. Step 6: Too add another criteria, click Add Step 7: Specify the second condition in the same way. Step 8: Click OK button to view the rows according to the specified conditions.

Std 7 - Chapter 2 - More on MS Windows 7

2013-07-06T22:29:00.002-07:00

Chapter - 2

More on MS Windows 7

1.	What is the use of Select all option?
	Select all option is used to select all the files and folders present in a folder or drive.
2.	How do you work with On-screen Keyboard?
	After opening the On-Screen keyboard, type using the mouse or another pointing device by just clicking the required key.
3.	How do you create a shortcut for any file/folder on the desktop?
	Select the file/folder, Right click on file/folder and select Send To option, Select the Desktop to create a shortcut on the desktop.
4.	What is Windows Explorer?
	The Windows Explorer program is efficient for viewing files/folders in Windows.
5.	Write down the different Group by option available for arranging the contents of a folder/drive.
	Group by option organises files and folder by breaking them into different sections. 1) Name: It organises files and folders in alphabetical order by their name. 2) Date modified: It arranges icons in the ascending order of modification date. 3) Type: It organises files and folder according to their file type. 4) Size: It organises files and folders in order of file size.
6.	What do you mean by CD burning?
	CD burning is the process of copying data to CD/DVD. To burn a CD/DVD we require a recordable CD drive or DVD drive, a writable CD or DVD-ROM, a CD or DVD burning software installed on your computer.
7.	What are Libraries in Windows 7?
	Libraries are user defined collections of content. It is a kind of folder used to manage documents, music, pictures and other files.
8.	Write down the different viewing options available for viewing the contents of file/folder.
	a) Extra Large Icons: displays your files and folders as extra-large icons. b) Large Icons: displays your files and folders as large icons. c) Medium Icons: displays your files and folders as medium icons. d) Small Icons: displays your files and folders as small icons. e) List: displays the list of files and folders preceded by small icons. f) Details: lists the files and folders with detailed information about your files, including name, type, size and date modified. g) Ties: displays your files and folders as icons. h) Content: displays your files and folders in content format with name, type, and size information.

Additional Questions

1.	How to select files/folders randomly?
	Hold down CTRL key and click on the required files or folders.
2.	What do you mean by shortcuts?
	Shortcuts are a convenient way to open any file, program without going to the actual location of the file. You can create a shortcut of any file at any locations such as inside a folder, on desktop etc.
3.	What is the use of Sort by option?
	The Sort by option is used to arrange the icons of a file/folder according to different parameters such as name, date modified, type and size.

Std 7 - Chapter 1 - Introduction To Computers

2013-06-11T08:24:00.004-07:00

Chapter - 1

Introduction to Computers

1.	What is the relationship between computer hardware and software?
	Both Hardware and Software together make a computer system functional.
2.	What do you do when the computer stops responding?
	Close the applications if possible. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del key combination. Choose Start Task Manager, Click and select the application which is not responding, Click on the End Task button to terminate the problem.
3.	What is a plotter?
	Plotter is used for making a large paper drawing such as construction maps or engineering drawings.
4.	Define field and record.
	A field is a collection of bytes that contain data bout an item. Eg: name of a student. A record is a collection of inter-related fields. Eg: a student’s record may contain name, age, and class.
5.	Define the terms Hardware and Software.
	Hardware is the physical component of a computer system. E.g. CPU, RAM, Monitor Software are the instructions or commands that make the hardware components operational. E.g. Operating System, Application Software
6.	What is data hierarchy?
	Data Hierarchy refers to the systematic organization of data, often in a hierarchical form. Data organization involves fields, records, files and so on.
7.	What is a bit?
	A bit is the short form of Binary Digit. A computer system represents data using the digits 0 and 1. A bit is represented by an electronic circuit that is either OFF or ON.
8.	Write short notes on Application Software and System Software.
	Application Software: Application Software consists of programs that are designed to do specific tasks, such as payroll, inventory, word processing, spread sheets etc. System Software: It performs the basic functions and controls the various resources of a computer system. The Operating System is an example of System Software. E.g. Windows 7, Linux etc.
9.	Explain the computer memory and its types.
	The storage device of a computer system is known as computer memory. There are two types of computer memory: 1) Primary Memory: is often called the working memory or the main memory of a computer system. RAM and ROM are the two major types of primary memory. a. RAM: Random Access Memory:- It is capable of sending and receiving data at a very high speed. RAM is volatile in nature means when the computer switched off data stored in RAM is lost. b. ROM: Read Only Memory:- it holds instructions put by the manufacturer to operate the computer. It is permanent memory. 2) Secondary Memory: is used to store data for a long time. It is permanent in nature. Data stored in secondary memory are not lost when the computer is switched off. It is also called non-volatile memory. E.g. Hard Disk, Pen drive etc.
10.	Explain the types of printers.
	There are mainly three types of printers: Dot Matrix Printer: This printer contains movable print head with pins that strike the ribbon placing a dot on the paper with hundreds of dots forming images or text. These printers are less expensive but are very noisy. Inkjet Printer: This printer forms letters and images on the paper by spraying small streams of quick-drying ink. Laser Printer: This printer uses laser technology to print images on the paper. This gives the best quality output and is the most expensive.

Additional Questions

1.	What do you mean by Troubleshooting?
	Detecting the problem in a computer system when it is not working properly is called troubleshooting.
2.	What do you mean by ‘Computer is Hung’?
	While working on our computer and our system suddenly stops responding to your commands. This situation is known as ‘Computer is Hung’.
3.	What is a Database?
	A database is a collection of all the files in an organization. E.g. files of students, teachers and other staff members of in a school make the school database.
4.	Explain the various types of scanners.
	This input device scans images from photographs, posters, magazine’s directly into the computer. Flatbed Scanner: This scanner has a flat plane of glass where the item being scanned is placed. It works like a photocopy machine. Handheld Scanner: This scanner is dragged over the object that needs to be scanned. It is mostly used in shopping stores.

IT Club Entrance Examination 2013

2013-06-09T08:24:00.000-07:00

IT Club Entrance Examination for 2013-14 commenced on 12-06-2013. Those who given name for the examination be in touch with me for the exact time and date. Mostly the exams will be after school hours. That is 2:45 pm to 3:30 pm.

All the best for the examination

Std - 8 - Chapter - 1

2013-06-05T06:43:00.000-07:00

1.	What is a computer network?
	A computer network is a collection of computers and peripheral devices connected by communication links.
2.	What is a workstation?
	Workstation is a computer that is connected to a network.
3.	What are the basic types of topologies?
	Star, Ring and Bus are the basic types of topologies.
4.	Write full forms of the following
	a) LAN – Local Area Network b) WAN – Wide Area Network c) MAN – Metropolitan Area Network d) PAN – Personal Area Network e) CAN – Campus Area Network f) NIC – Network Interface Card g) TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol h) HTTP – Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
5.	What is a Node?
	A node is a computer or any other devices on a network that communicates with other devices.
6.	What is a topology?
	The art of connecting different computers in a network is known as topology.
7.	Describe a network and networking in your own words?
	A network is a group of devices connected with one another. Networking refers to the inter-connection of various devices to share their resources.
8.	Differentiate between LAN and WAN.
	LAN (Local Area Network) is a computer network covering a small geographic area, like a home, office, schools, or group of buildings.	WAN (Wide Area Network) is a computer network that covers a broad area (e.g., any network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries over a long distance.
	High Speed	Low Speed
	Network in an organization can be a LAN	Internet is a good example of a WAN
9.	Write short note on the hardware parts required to establish a network.
	Network hardware includes the physical components that are used to create a network. Cables: Cables are the wires that connect computers and resources on a network. Connectors: A connector is a device that joins two computers or networks together. NIC: Network Interface Card is a device that joins a cable to a computer.
10.	Write Three benefits of a network.
	Ease of Access: Storing information on one or two central computers makes it easy for people to work with and manage their files. Work From Home: The network has dedicated computers that allow people to connect to the company’s network at home using a modem. Share Resources: Computers connected to a network can share equipments and devices including printers and hard drives.
11.	Write advantages and disadvantages of the following:
	a) Ring Topology Advantages: The ring works well where there is no central-site computer system. It is more reliable than a star network. Disadvantages: Requires more complicated control software. Failure of one node results into the failure of the entire network. b) Star Topology Advantages: Star topology has minimal line cost. If any of the local computers fails, the remaining portion of the network is unaffected. Disadvantages: The system crucially depends on the central switch. If it fails, the entire network goes down. c) Bus Topology Advantages: It is quite easy to set up. Failure of one node does not affect the rest of the network. Disadvantages: It offers limited flexibility for change. A signal on the bust must be strong enough to reach the receiver.

Additional Questions

1.	What is a File Server?
	A file server is a computer connected to the network, which serves or distributes files to the network users.
2.	Explain Wi-Fi?
	Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) technology is the wireless computer network that allows users to connect to the Internet without wires or cables.
3.	What is an Enterprise Network?
	When a single company owns and controls a wide area network, it is often called as an Enterprise Network.
4.	What is HTTP?
	Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web.
5.	What do you mean by a network protocol?
	A network protocol defines rules for communication between network devices. E.g.: HTTP, FTP, TCP/IP

Std - 8 - Chapter 8

2013-02-04T19:41:00.002-08:00

1.	What do you mean by privacy?
	Privacy is unethical to infringe in the privacy of other people without the consent of the person.
2.	Define the term ethics.
	Ethics and beliefs are rules. These rules state what is right and what is wrong.
3.	Name the different forms of piracy.
	End-User Piracy, Internet Piracy, Pre-Installed Software Piracy, Counterfeiting, Online Auction Piracy are the various forms of piracy.
4.	What are the limitations of pirated software?
	· No warranty protection · Contain viruses
5.	What does a copyright symbol indicate?
	Copyright means All Rights Reserved. This symbol shows the sole property of the owner. It is unlawful and unethical to use them without the permission of the owner.
6.	Explain the importance of ethics.
	· Satisfying Basic Human Needs · Creating Credibility · Uniting People and Leadership · Improving Decision Making · Long Term Gains · Securing the Society
7.	What are intellectual property rights?
	The rights related to literary or artistic work, inventions, discoveries, etc. are called Intellectual Property Rights.
8.	What is software piracy?
	Software piracy is the illegal reproduction and distribution of software applications.
9.	Explain software breaches in computer.
	Hardware breaches: can be both intentional and accidental. Cables, modems, phone lines are often vulnerable to security breaches. Software breaches: include computer viruses, password cracking. Network breaches: are used to transmit data and information, they may be trapped by unethical people to access information about a company. Natural disasters: like hurricanes, earthquakes, floods are security breaches. Computer security controls are established and implemented to reduce security breaches.
10.	What is the difference between hacker and cracker?
	A hacker is a person who breaks into a computer system to get illegal access to the information stored there. Hacker may not cause any harm to the system or organization. A cracker is a person who breaks into a computer system just like a hacker, with the intention to steal passwords, files or programs for unauthorized use. They may sell the information to some other people for money.
11.	What do you mean by referencing?
	If some material is downloaded, we must acknowledge the author sincerely. This is called referencing. for extra reading: http://www.managementstudyguide.com/importance-of-ethics.htm

Std - 8 - Chapter 7

2013-02-04T09:55:00.004-08:00

1.	What is the importance of ethics in e-commerce?
	There are many aspects of ethics that can affect electronic commerce systems, but perhaps the most notable and worrying to both consumers and developers is that of trust.
2.	What are newsgroups?
	The places on Internet where you can exchange your views and ideas on different subjects with other people are called Newsgroups.
3.	List some e-commerce websites.
	amazon.com, ebay.com, electricpages.in, indiatimes.com, bookselleronline.com, fabmart.com
4.	Mention some websites which provide online news facility.
	ndtv.com, Hindustantimes.com, kidnews.com, mathrubhumi.com, malayalamanorama.com etc.
5.	What do you mean by Business to Consumer e-commerce?
	Business to Consumer refers to a company which establishes website for its products and services.
6.	What do you mean by Business to Business e-commerce?
	Business to Business refers to a company selling or buying products or services from/to other companies.
7.	Explain the term Social Networking.
	Social Networking websites function like an online community of Internet users. They provide a virtual community in which the members with common interests in hobbies, religion, or politics may communicate with each other. Facebook, Orkut, and LinkedIn are some examples of Social Networking.
8.	Explain the term Blog.
	A blog is a type of website, usually maintained by an individual. It contains regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or videos. Blog also, means “to maintain or add contents to a blog”.
9.	What is video conferencing? Where is it used?
	Video conferencing provides face to face conversation with different people who are at different locations. This is widely used in big companies, TV Shows, chatting etc.
10.	Write the steps to buy a product online.
	a) Open any e-commerce site. b) Enter the product name in search box and press enter key. c) Double click the product you are interested from the list. d) Click on “Add to Cart” e) Click on “Proceed to checkout” f) Enter the email address and password then provide your shipping address. g) Select the payment options and enter your card’s details.
11.	What do you mean by term e-commerce? Write some advantages of e-commerce.
	E-commerce means buying and selling any product online using internet technologies. Advantages: a) You do not need to go to showrooms or shops. b) You do not need to carry cash from home to shop with a fear of losing it. c) There are no geographical or time barriers. d) Even small companies can go global. e) You can save time, money and effort.

Std - 8 - Chapter 6

2013-02-04T09:11:00.001-08:00

1.	What is Adobe Flash CS3 Professional?
	Adobe Flash CS3 software is used to create animations, games, cartoons, text, graphics, design movies on the web and other special effects without using programming skills.
2.	How do you group and ungroup objects?
	To group objects: a) Draw all the shapes and select all of them using Selection Tool. b) Click on the Modify menu and click Group. To ungroup objects: select an object and click Modify menu and click Ungroup.
3.	How do you insert a key frame?
	a) Click on the frame below the number where you want to insert a Key frame. b) Click on the Insert menu -> Timeline. c) Select Frame or Key frame.
4.	What is a symbol? Write the steps to create a symbol.
	A symbol is an object created in Flash. Graphics, Buttons and Movie clips are the three types of symbols. To create symbol: a) Click Modify menu -> Convert to Symbol option. b) Type the name and choose the Type: Graphic, Button or Movie Clip.
5.	Write steps to use paint bucket tool.
	a) Draw the shape and click at Paint Bucket Tool. b) Choose colour from the Property Inspector. c) Click on the shape you want to fill.
6.	Write steps to create motion tween animation.
	a) Draw a shape. b) Right-Click the frame till where you want the animation to continue. c) Click the first frame and select the Tween as Motion from the Property Inspector. d) Select the inserted Key frame. e) Set the position of the object by dragging it wherever you want.
7.	What is the use of time line panel in Flash?
	Timeline is made up of Frames and Layers. It controls file content over time. It compiles the movie reel, sequencing the scene to be played.
8.	Explain the three types of animations in Flash?
	a) Motion Tween: can be referred to an object that travels from one point to another and involves no change of shape over time. b) Shape Tween: means an object that involves change of the shape over the period of time. We can also tween the location, size, and colour of shapes. Shape Tween does not work on symbols. c) Frame by Frame animation: means creation of an object for each frame, so as to produce an animation sequence. This type of animation is used in real movies.
9.	What does animation refers to?
	Animation refers to a series of images linked together through a loop to create an illusion of movement.
10.	What is a Key Frame?
	A Key Frame is a frame in which you define a change in the object for an animation.

Std - 8 - Chapter 5

2012-11-18T15:55:00.001-08:00

Creating Web Page Using HTML

1.	What is the use of <IMG> tag?
	<IMG> tag is used to add pictures in web pages. Eg: <IMG SRC=”hello.jpg”>
2.	How do you make a text bold in the HTML document?
	Type <B> Type the text Type </B>
3.	State the use of <TABLE> tag.
	Table tag is used to add table in your web page. Inside the <Table> tag <TR> is used to add table rows and <TD> is used to add table columns.
4.	What are headers in a web page? Why are they used?
	Headers are like chapter headings of a book. We can use six different headers in our web page. Header tag is written as <Hn> and </Hn> where n is a number from 1 to 6. Eg: <H1>Welcome to my web page</H1>
5.	Differentiate between ordered list and unordered list?
	An ordered list is a numbered list. It starts with the <OL> tag. An unordered list is a bulleted list. It starts with <UL> tag. In both list items can be added with <LI> tag.
6.	Write the procedure to add background colour to your web page.
	<BODY BGCOLOR=”RED”> Type the Text </BODY>
7.	How do you change the font colour of your text in HTML?
	Font color is used to change the colour of the text. Type <FONT COLOR=”Colour Name”> Type the text Type </FONT>
8.	Explain the use of anchor tag with example.
	<A> tag is used define hyperlink. The HREF attribute is used set the location or URL of the destination page or site. The text between the opening and closing anchor tag becomes the hypertext or link text. Steps: Type <A HREF=”location”> Type the text Type </A>
9.	State the use of Comments in HTML.
	Comments are like notes. Comments are not visible in the browser. To add comments Type <! Type the comments Type >

Std - 8 - Chapter 4

2012-11-17T21:09:00.000-08:00

Introduction to HTML

1.	What is a text editor?
	Text editor are programs that are used to create or compose HTML documents.
2.	What are attributes?
	Attributes offers many options for the tag. Attributes can have values. Attributes are written within angular brackets one after another with a space in between each of them.
3.	What is the use of <TITLE> tag?
	This tag is used to give title to the HTML document. This tag is used inside the <HEAD> tag.
4.	What is a server?
	The individual computers are connected to some powerful computers called servers.
5.	Which are the reserved symbols in HTML?
	Greater than (>), Less than (<), Straight double quotes (“ “) and Ampersand (&) symbols are reserved symbols in HTML.
6.	Define website and web page?
	Websites are the files that stored by web servers. The pages or documents contained by websites are called web pages.
7.	What are tags in HTML?
	A tag is an HTML command that controls the structure and appearance of the page or document that is created. Every tag has attributes or special properties.
8.	Differentiate between empty tag and non-empty tag?
	Empty tags are those that do not require a closing tag. Eg. <HR>, <BR> Non-empty tags require an opening (ON) tags and closing (OFF) tags. Eg. <HTML>, <BODY>
9.	What is HTML? Write some features of HTML?
	HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. HTML allows the user to link several related information already stored in the computer or server that can be accessed from anywhere around the world. Features: · HTML documents are simple text files. · There is no need of compiling as in the case of other programming languages. · It is not a case sensitive language. · HTML documents can be viewed on any type of computer platform.
10.	How are HTML documents viewed in web browsers?
	Web browsers act as HTML formatters. Steps to view HTML: (Open any web browser) 1) Click the File menu -> Open 2) Click Browse button. 3) From the dialog box, select the location and choose your html file and click Open button. We can also view our HTML document by directly opening the .html file from the location where we have saved it.

Std - 8 - Chapter 3

2012-09-02T02:33:00.001-07:00

MS Access 2007: Queries, Forms and Reports

1.	When do you use a Form? Form is a graphical representation of a table. Forms are useful to add, update and delete records in a table.
2.	What is the use of Criteria row in the Query design grid? Criteria row helps to filter the records according to a given criteria.
3.	Name the three views in which a form is displayed. Form View, Layout View and Design View.
4.	How do you adjust the design of your form? By clicking the design button and adjust our form accordingly.
5.	How do you create a form? 1. Select the table for which you want to create the form 2. Click the Create tab on the Ribbon 3. Click Form in the Forms group.
6.	Define a query, form, report. Query: a query displays specific records from a table that meet a certain criteria. Form: A form is a graphical representation of a table. Report: A report is an effective way to present the data in a printed format.
7.	Explain the design grid of the query window. Design grid helps to add fields to the query and also specify the criteria. Design grid contains a) Field row: displays the fields from the selected table. b) Table row: displays the name of the table c) Sort row: is used to filter the data in ascending or descending order. d) Show row: displays check mark which indicates that this field will be visible when the query is run. e) Criteria row: is used to specify the condition on the basis of which the records will be filtered. f) Or row: is used to specify multiple criteria.
8.	How do you apply multiple criteria to the same table? Explain through an example. You can apply multiple criteria to the same table. If you place two criteria on the same line, Access will only retrieve records where both criteria are met. For example, if you want all records where the State is equal to "DE" and the Last Name is equal to Smith, you would set the State field to = "DE" and the Last Name field to = "Smith" and you would place both criteria on the same line. If you place one set of criteria on the Criteria line and the second set of criteria on the Or line, Access will retrieve records if either criteria are met. For example, you want all records where the State is equal to "DE" or the Last Name is equal to Smith. You would set the State field to = "DE" and the Last Name field to = "Smith" and you would place one set of criteria on the Criteria line and the other set of criteria on the Or line. Access will bring back all records where the state equals DE and all records where the Last Name is equal to Smith no matter what the State is. You can add additional AND, OR statements by using the lines below the Or line. For And clauses, place the criteria on the same line; for Or clauses, place the criteria on separate lines.
9.	Lab Practicals 1. Page No: 34 (Practical in Computer Lab) 2. Page No: 37 (Hands-on Activity)

for extra reading
http://www.baycongroup.com/access2007/05_access.html

Std - 8 - Chapter 2

2012-09-02T01:47:00.004-07:00

MS Access: Learn to use Access 2007



1.	What is RDBMS? RDBMS is a Relational Data Base Management System Relational DBMS. This adds the additional condition that the system supports a tabular structure for the data, with enforced relationships between the tables.
2.	What are forms and reports used for? A form is simply a way to enter data into the database and reports are designed to be printed.
3.	Name all the data types available in MS Access. Text Field, Numeric Field, Currency Field, Date/Time Field, Memo Field, Yes/No field.
4.	Name the shortcut key to quit MS Access. Alt + F4
5.	Mention the different ways to create a database. Creating a blank or empty database, Using the database Wizard, and using a template.
6.	What are the manipulation operations that can be done on a table? Add, Update and delete a record are the manipulation operations on a table.
7.	Define the terms: Record, Field, Table, and Query. Record: records describe information sources. Field: are the building blocks of records. Fields are the sections of a record where information is stored. Table: A table is a collection of data about a specific topic. Query: A query is used to extract information from a database.
8.	Differentiate Datasheet View and Design View Datasheet View displays the view, which allows us to enter raw data into the database. Design view displays the view, which allows us to enter fields, data types and the description into the database table.
9.	What is a primary key? State its use in a table. The primary key is the unique identifier for each record, such as an employee number or admission number of a student.
10.	Write some advantages of a database. Easy retrieval of data Easy sharing of data Reduced data redundancy Reduced updating errors and increased consistency Greater data integrity Data security Easy manipulation of data etc.
11.	What do you understand by table structure? A table structure identifies the name, size and types of various fields.
12.	What is the use of creating relationships between tables? We can create queries, forms and reports to display information from several tables at once.
13.	Explain the text and numeric field types. Text Field: A text field contains letters, numbers and symbols. The numbers in a text field are considered as text and cannot be used for calculation. Numeric Field: It contain numbers and does not accept letters or other symbols except numbers.