Welcome to NARASIMHA 's BLOG

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2012-04-27T00:31:00.000-07:00

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2012-03-19T22:35:00.001-07:00

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2012-03-10T09:24:00.000-08:00

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Affiliate Marketing

2012-02-23T08:59:00.000-08:00

Affiliate marketing is a marketing practice in which a business rewards one or more affiliates for each visitor or customer brought about by the affiliate's own marketing efforts. The industry has four core players: the merchant (also known as 'retailer' or 'brand'), the network (that contains offers for the affiliate to choose from and also takes care of the payments), the publisher (also known as 'the affiliate'), and the customer. The market has grown in complexity to warrant a secondary tier of players, including affiliate management agencies, super-affiliates and specialized third party vendors.
Affiliate marketing overlaps with other Internet marketing methods to some degree, because affiliates often use regular advertising methods. Those methods include organic search engine optimization (SEO), paid search engine marketing (PPC - Pay Per Click), e-mail marketing, and in some sense display advertising. On the other hand, affiliates sometimes use less orthodox techniques, such as publishing fake reviews of products or services offered by a partner.
Affiliate marketing is commonly confused with referral marketing, as both forms of marketing use third parties to drive sales to the retailer. However, both are distinct forms of marketing and the main difference between them is that affiliate marketing relies purely on financial motivations to drive sales while referral marketing relies on trust and personal relationships to drive sales.
Affiliate marketing is frequently overlooked by advertisers. While search engines, e-mail, and website syndication capture much of the attention of online retailers, affiliate marketing carries a much lower profile. Still, affiliates continue to play a significant role in e-retailers' marketing strategies

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2012-02-23T08:36:00.000-08:00

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2012-02-20T21:33:00.000-08:00

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Glacial lakes, a potential threat

2011-05-25T02:05:00.000-07:00

Climate change is the push factor for Glacial Lake Outburst Flood' On the way to the China border from Kathmandu, in Sindhupalchowk district, a 19-metre-high rock sits in the middle of the Kosi river shadowed by the canopy of a giant tree growing out of it. It has become a tourist attraction and acquired a reverence of sorts with a temple and steps leading to the top. This popular rock, believed to have come down by an incredible force of water over 100 years ago, is a stark reminder of the havoc floods can create in the Himalayan region. This region is no stranger to what is known as GLOF or Glacial Lake Outburst Flood. Downstream you can see a hydroelectric project which was wrecked in a GLOF event in 1981 while under construction. On July 11, 1981, the diversion weir of the Sunkoshi Hydropower project was struck by a large flood, which also destroyed two bridges and extensive sections of the highway linking China and Nepal. It was only later that research indicated that the flood resulted from drainage of the Zhangzangbo glacial lake north of the border in the Tibet Autonomous Region, triggered by an ice avalanche. The glacial lake is about 27 km away from a stone bridge at Phulping, which was also destroyed and whose remnants are still there just below a massive arched new construction which links the road since 1986. Sharad Joshi, glacial lake and GLOF research associate at the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), which has brought out a new report on the subject, says that before this there was another GLOF in 1964. Both GLOFs did not kill people since there was not much population, but the total discharge from the Zhangzangbo lake was 16,000 cubic metres in 1981 and the damage was pegged at $3 million. Climate change, which is causing glaciers to recede in the Himalayas, is the push factor for GLOFs, he said. Upto 50 km of area downstream was affected. Keeping this in mind, another hydro power project on the Bhote Kosi river installed an early warning system for floods. The ICIMOD report on Glacial Lakes and Glacial Lake Outburst Floods in Nepal, prepared for the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)/ The World Bank, said glacier thinning and retreat in the Himalayas has resulted in the formation of new glacial lakes and the enlargement of existing ones due to the accumulation of melted water behind loosely consolidated end moraine dams. Because such lakes are inherently unstable and subject to catastrophic drainage, they are potential sources of danger to people and property in the valleys below them. The torrent of water and associated debris that sudden lake discharges produce is known as GLOF. Recent surveys have shown that many glacial lakes in Nepal are expanding at a considerable rate. Nepal has experienced 24 GLOF events in the recent past, several of which have caused considerable damage and loss of life. Of them, 14 are believed to have occurred in Nepal itself and 10 were the result of flood surge overspills across the China-Nepal border. The report said that in Nepal, little attention had been paid to this phenomenon until the sudden outburst of the Dig Tsho glacial lake in the western section of the Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Khumbu Himal, on August, 4, 1985. This sudden outburst destroyed the nearly completed Namche small hydel facility, some 11 km downstream, and caused destruction as far as 50 to 60 km downstream. The outburst was triggered by a large ice and rock avalanche that cascaded into the lake from a steep glacial surface. The downstream communities in Khumbu were in disarray for months and damages were estimated at around $3 million. Perhaps the most famous of these glacial lakes is Imja, located in the Khumbu region close to the Everest base camp. The lake did not exist in photographs taken in the 1950s, but has now rapidly expanded to 1.012 sq.km. over the years. It is also in focus because it lies within one of the top 10 tourist destinations in Nepal, but is considered fairly stable. Imja was one of three lakes studied in the ICIMOD report for its critical situation and a large population downstream. The report said a 2001 inventory identified 3,252 glaciers in Nepal covering an area of 5,324 sq.km. The new inventory prepared using the Landsat 5 and 7 images mapped 3,808 glaciers with a total area of 4,212 sq.km. Some glacial lakes in Nepal are being monitored; early warning systems have been developed and installed in the Tsho Rolpa and Tamakoshi valleys as well as in the Upper Bhote Koshi area. Tsho Rolpa is the only glacial lake in Nepal that has been subjected to rather costly mitigation measures. A siphon system installed in 1995 had limited success. It was followed by cutting of an open channel through the moraine dam; the four-metre-deep artificial spillway completed in 2000 succeeded in lowering the lake level by three metres, the report said. The Nepal National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management (2009) refers to disasters in general: it includes GLOF risk, but does not address it distinctively. National strategies and approaches to disaster risk management pay little attention to GLOF risk management, perhaps because information about it is inadequate. It is essential to develop short and long-term action plans and programmes, the report concluded.

NeoBux Forum: Christmas Bonus #2

2010-12-29T02:38:00.000-08:00

NeoBux Forum: Christmas Bonus #2

Widget

2010-12-22T22:44:00.000-08:00

A widget is a stand-alone application that can be embedded into third party sites by any user on a page where they have rights of authorship (e.g. a webpage, blog, or profile on a social media site). Widgets allow users to turn personal content into dynamic web apps that can be shared on websites where the code can be installed. For example, a "Weather Report Widget" could report today's weather by accessing data from the Weather Channel, it could even be sponsored by the Weather Channel. Should you want to put that widget on your own Facebook profile, you could do this by copying and pasting the embed code into your profile on Facebook. Embeddable chunks of code have existed since the early development of the World Wide Web. Web developers have long sought and used third party code chunks in their pages. Early web widgets provided functions such as link counters and advertising banners. Widgets may be looked upon as downloadable applications which look and act like traditional apps but are implemented using web technologies including JavaScript, Flash, HTML and CSS. Widgets use and depend on web APIs exposed either by the browser or by a widget engine such as Akami, Clearspring, KickApps, MassPublisher, NewsGator, Plusmo, Widgetbox, Widsets, WebWag and many others. Sites such as MassPublisher, SnackTools and Widgetbox, allow users to easily create widgets from their own content with no coding knowledge necessary.

NeoBux Forum: Christmas Bonus #5

2010-12-21T00:54:00.000-08:00

NeoBux Forum: Christmas Bonus #5

Option Trading Strategies

2010-12-20T00:56:00.000-08:00

Option Trading Strategies

Lighting up villages with rice husk!

2010-12-15T03:56:00.000-08:00

For the villagers of Tamkuha, a dusty hamlet in rural Bihar, Gyanesh Pandey is the modern day alchemist who transformed piles of discarded rice husk to light up their lives. Today, every household in Tamkuha has been literally lifted out of darkness with an uninterrupted, self-sufficient power supply, which many towns and cities in India still have not been able to achieve even 60 years after Independence. Tamkuha, however, is not alone in this matter. Around 50,000 villagers in 120 villages across Bihar and 3 villages in Uttar Pradesh have been benefited by these 'green' power plants. For villagers, this cheap and eco-friendly model of generating electricity is a miracle that has transformed their lives. No wonder Gyanesh Pandey, the 33-year-old Non-Resident Indian has won the hearts of many poor villagers. "Aap Bhagwan ho (you are God!)!" said a poor villager to Gyanesh Pandey, when he first saw his house lit up. After relinquishing a successful career in the United States, Gyanesh returned to his native home state in 2007. A mind-altering Vipasana session reaffirmed his desire to come back to Bihar. He teamed up with his friends Ratnesh Yadav, Manoj Sinha and Charles W Ransler to set up Husk Power Systems, three years ago. Gyanesh, Ratnesh and Manoj had borne the burnt of the power crisis and many problems while growing up and studying in rural Bihar. Their idea was simple: to provide power to villagers who depended on agriculture as their main occupation in a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly manner. After six years of research and experiments, the team decided that the most feasible way would be making electricity from rice husk. Many were skeptical about its success. But today, HPS owns and operates 40 mini-power plants (35-100 kw) across Bihar. Through this unique green technology, villages get uninterrupted power for up to 6-12 hours by setting up a plant, which burns rice husk to generate gas to run generators. "After 60 years of independence, we got the real azadi (freedom) now," Rambalak Yadav, an excited school teacher from Tamkuha, said. Gyanesh admits he never liked anything about Bihar. So it was a conscious decision to move to the United States. However, years later, he felt India calling him back. Although he kept away from his native place for years, deep within, he knew that one day he needed to come back and work for the upliftment of these villages. "Becoming an entrepreneur was an evolutionary process. I had a good life in America. I did not face any problems there, but I always had the feeling that I must do something for our villages. I do not feel I have made any sacrifice. Today, there is hardly anything I do other than work. It gives me the satisfaction no job can ever give," says Gyanesh, who feels India's acute power crisis must be solved efficiently with renewable resources. The company is set to make profits by the end of this year and plans to light up villages in other states like Maharastra, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Providing electricity to villages across India is just the beginning of Gyanesh's ambitious plan to transform rural India. The company has already taken up the initiative to educate 200 children from Tumkuha. An optimistic and determined Gyanesh is chalking out a grand vision to build an integrated network to upgrade health, education and energy needs of India's poorest people. He shares the excitement, the trials and tribulations of bringing light in the lives of hundreds of poor people.

Paid to surf

2010-12-12T21:57:00.000-08:00

Pay to surf is a business model that became popular in the late 1990s, prior to the dot-com crash. Essentially, a company uses income from advertising placed on members' screens to pay them for time spent surfing. A pay-to-surf company would provide a small program, commonly called a "viewbar", to be installed on a member's computer. Advertisers' banner ads were then displayed while the member was browsing the web. Since the viewbar tracked websites that the user visited, the pay-to-surf company was able to deliver targeted ads for their advertisers. Advertisers paid the pay-to-surf company a small amount (typically US$0.50) for every hour of a member's surfing. Members were usually limited on the amount of time per month for which they would be paid to surf (typically 20 hours). However, pay-to-surf companies also paid their members for each new user referred to the company (typically US$0.05 - US$0.10 per recruit). Thus, it was profitable for a member to garner as many referrals as possible, encouraging some users to recruit members using spam, though officially forbidden by the user's agreement. The first and most well-known pay-to-surf company was AllAdvantage. It launched in March 1999 and grew to 13 million members in little over a year with the multi-level marketing system of recruiting new members. The scheme capitalized on the notion that anyone could make money on the internet without much effort. AllAdvantage’s success attracted many imitators. At its peak, there were several dozen pay-to-surf companies. AllAdvantage had US$175 million in venture capital; its imitators did not and thus their members were never more than a small fraction of AllAdvantage's. After 18 months, even AllAdvantage ceased operations. At that point, AllAdvantage had paid out over US$160 million to its members. Many members of smaller pay-to-surf companies were never paid when the companies shut down. By late 2001 with the dot-com bubble collapsed, very few pay-to-surf companies remained.[2] This is not surprising since 100% of the revenue came from internet advertising, which was the area hardest hit. As with many Internet business models, pay-to-surf companies attracted people trying to defraud the company out of money. First, as noted above, the companies had to deal with spammers, often having to terminate member accounts. They were also required to get parental permission from members under the age of 18, many of whom flocked to these programs as an easy source of income. Finally, utilities started appearing which allowed users to simulate surfing activity. Some users even created mechanical mouse-moving devices which ran around their desks, i.e. "JiggyMouse". These programs and devices allowed users to get paid simply for leaving their machines on. This began an arms race between the pay-to-surf companies who built fraud-prevention software and fraud program developers, with each releasing increasingly sophisticated versions of their software.

PayBox

2010-12-08T21:42:00.000-08:00

Pay Box is very good online processor and will be launching next year In order to attract the members the Pay box is givinf $20 as bonus on joining and crediting every day as early bird user, provided the paybox is visited and updated daily. It is very online processor and a good competitor to established online processor like paypal and alertpay. So dont waste time and join immediately. log on Happy surfing Shankhavaram

England win second Ashes test to lead series

2010-12-06T22:50:00.000-08:00

England won the second Ashes test by an innings and 71 runs to take a 1-0 lead in the five-match series after dismissing Australia's last six batsmen cheaply in the first session on Tuesday. Graeme Swann completed a five-wicket haul and James Anderson took two wickets in two balls as the tourists' took their first test victory on Australian soil since the 2002-03 tour and a first series lead in Australia since 1986-87. "It's been a good five days, just from the very first day we hit the ground running," England captain Andrew Strauss said in a televised interview, paying tribute to his bowlers for setting up the victory in the first innings. "It was a phenomenal effort to bowl them out for 245 in the first innings on a flat wicket and then our batters made hay. "We're aware that there's still three test matches to go and we can't get too far ahead of ourselves but if we keep up these standards we're going to have a good chance of winning the Ashes." Australia resumed on 238 for four, having lost the key wicket of Michael Clarke to part-time spinner Kevin Pietersen on the last ball of day four. With Clarke, his team's best player of spin, back in the pavilion, the Australians were always going to struggle on a fifth-day pitch providing turn for Swann. Any hopes of a gritty fight back to salvage a draw were extinguished quickly when Mike Hussey, who had been the pick of Australia's batsman in the series to date, attempted a rash pull shot off the bowling of England quick Steve Finn. Anderson took the easiest of catches at mid-on to remove Hussey for 52, then struck with his own bowling, dispensing with Brad Haddin courtesy of an outside edge for 12. Anderson then trapped Ryan Harris lbw for his second golden duck of the match on the next ball, before being denied a hat-trick when Xavier Doherty fended off a short-pitched delivery. Swann accounted for the out-of-form Marcus North with a plum lbw but had to call for the TV umpire after his appeal was refused. The spinner then delivered the coup de grace, clinching a comprehensive victory by bowling both Doherty for five and Peter Siddle for six to leave the Australians on 304. The final dismissal prompted wild celebrations on the pitch as the players rushed to embrace as England's "Barmy Army" of cricket fans roared with delight. "It's better this year for the English, I watched it on TV last time and it's nice to reverse fortunes," Swann said, referring to their match at Adelaide four years ago when the English batsmen were skittled for 129 runs in the second innings on the way to defeat. England suffered a blow before play commenced with the news that paceman Stuart Broad had been ruled out of the rest of the series with a torn abdominal muscle. "That's a sad, very sad moment for us, you know he's been doing outstanding work for us. We've got good depth in our squad but we're going to have find a way of replacing him," Strauss said. Australian batsman Simon Katich is also likely out for the series with an Achilles injury, the Australian team said shortly before England wrapped up the victory. Australia skipper Ricky Ponting,who was dismissed for a golden duck and nine runs in his 150th test match, lamented his batsmen's disastrous start on day one, when they lost three wickets in the first three overs. "I mean, it's been a tough five days for us really, getting off to that sort of start in a test match. We've always been doing our best to try and fight our way back into the game and England haven't allowed us to do that. "They've certainly outbatted, outbowled us, and outfielded us in the whole game, it's as simple as that. "They thoroughly deserve their win, they're playing some great cricket at the moment and we've got to find a way to bounce back and bounce back pretty strong."

Website monetization

2010-12-06T03:24:00.000-08:00

Website monetization is the process of converting existing traffic being sent to a particular website into revenue. Pay per click (PPC) is one of the most popular ways of monetizing a website. Various ad networks facilitate a webmaster in placing advertisements on pages of the website to benefit from the traffic the site is experiencing. Pay per click, otherwise known as PPC, is a marketing strategy put in place by search engines and various Advertising networks. PPC advertising works by placing an advert, usually targeted by keywords either on search results or relevant websites. Banner advertising consists of placing a graphical banner advertisement on a webpage. The role of this banner is to catch the eye of incoming traffic to the page, enticing readers to click the advertisement. This form of monetization is implemented by both affiliate programs and Google Adsense Banner ads come in various shapes and sizes and are sized according to pixel dimensions. Typical banner sizes include:  Leaderboard 728 x 90  Banner 468 x 60  Skyscraper 120 x 600  Wide Skyscraper 160 x 600 Affiliate programs are another popular way of monetizing existing website traffic. By joining a business' affiliate program, any searches forproducts within that business' catalog may earn affiliates anywhere from 1–75% commission on each referred sale through their website.

Free Google Adwords 101 Report, Grab It Here

2010-12-05T06:15:00.000-08:00

Free Google Adwords 101 Report, Grab It Here

POLLUTION

2010-12-03T03:57:00.000-08:00

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms.[1]Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat, or light. Pollutants, the elements of pollution, can be foreign substances or energies, or naturally occurring; when naturally occurring, they are considered contaminants when they exceed natural levels. Pollution is often classed as point source or non-point source pollution. The Blacksmith Institute issues annually a list of the world's worst polluted places. In the 2007 issues the ten top nominees are located in Azerbaijan, China, India, Peru, Russia, Ukraine, and Zambia. The major forms of pollution are listed below along with the particular pollutants relevant to each of them: Air pollution, the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. Common gaseous air pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor vehicles. Photochemical ozone and smog are created as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight. Particulate matter, or fine dust is characterized by their micrometre size PM10 to PM2.5. Light pollution, includes light trespass, over-illumination and astronomical interference. Littering Noise pollution, which encompasses roadway noise, aircraft noise, industrial noise as well as high-intensity sonar. Soil contamination occurs when chemicals are released by spill or underground leakage. Among the most significant soil contaminants are hydrocarbons, heavy metals, MTBE,[10] herbicides,pesticides and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Radioactive contamination, resulting from 20th century activities in atomic physics, such as nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons research, manufacture and deployment. (Seealpha emitters and actinides in the environment.) Thermal pollution, is a temperature change in natural water bodies caused by human influence, such as use of water as coolant in a power plant. Visual pollution, which can refer to the presence of overhead power lines, motorway billboards, scarred landforms (as from strip mining), open storage of trash or municipal solid waste. Water pollution, by the release of waste products and contaminants into surface runoff into river drainage systems, leaching intogroundwater, liquid spills, wastewater discharges, eutrophication and littering.

Weight loss

2010-11-30T22:14:00.000-08:00

Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health or physical fitness, is a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue and/or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon and other connective tissue. It can occur unintentionally due to an underlying disease or can arise from a conscious effort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state.

Unintentional weight loss occurs in many diseases and conditions, including some very serious diseases such as cancer, AIDS, and a variety of other diseases.

Poor management of type 1 diabetes mellitus, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), leads to an excessive amount of glucose and an insufficient amount of insulin in the bloodstream. This triggers the release of triglycerides from adipose (fat) tissue and catabolism (breakdown) of amino acids in muscle tissue. This results in a loss of both fat and lean mass, leading to a significant reduction in total body weight. Note that untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus will usually not produce weight loss, as these patients get acutely ill before they would have had time to lose weight.

In addition to weight loss due to a reduction in fat and lean mass, illnesses such as diabetes, certain medications, lack of fluid intake and other factors can trigger fluid loss. Fluid loss in addition to reduction in fat and lean mass exacerbates the risk for cachexia.

Infections such as HIV may alter metabolism, leading to weight loss.

Hormonal disruptions, such as an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), may also exhibit as weight loss.^[

Recent research has shown fidgeting to result in significant weight loss.

Electronic commerce

2010-11-25T02:54:00.000-08:00

   Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or eCommerce, or e-business consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. The amount of trade conducted electronically has grown extraordinarily with widespread Internet usage. The use of commerce is conducted in this way, spurring and drawing on innovations in electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at some point in the transaction's lifecycle, although it can encompass a wider range of technologies such as e-mail as well.
   A large percentage of electronic commerce is conducted entirely electronically for virtual items such as access to premium content on a website, but most electronic commerce involves the transportation of physical items in some way. Online retailers are sometimes known as e-tailers and online retail is sometimes known as e-tail. Almost all big retailers have electronic commerce presence on the World Wide Web.
   Electronic commerce that is conducted between businesses is referred to as business-to-business or B2B. B2B can be open to all interested parties (e.g. commodity exchange) or limited to specific, pre-qualified participants (private electronic market). Electronic commerce that is conducted between businesses and consumers, on the other hand, is referred to as business-to-consumer or B2C. This is the type of electronic commerce conducted by companies such as Amazon.com. Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce where the buyer is directly online to the seller's computer usually via the internet. There is no intermediary service. The sale and purchase transaction is completed electronically and interactively in real-time such as Amazon.com for new books. If an intermediary is present, then the sale and purchase transaction is called electronic commerce such as eBay.com.
   Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of the business transactions.

Obesity

2010-11-25T02:11:00.000-08:00

   Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems.Body mass index (BMI), a measurement which compares weight and height, defines people as overweight (pre-obese) if their BMI is between 25 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2, and obese when it is greater than 30 kg/m2
   Obesity increases the likelihood of various diseases, particularly heart disease, type 2 diabetes, breathing difficulties during sleep, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Obesity is most commonly caused by a combination of excessive dietary calories, lack of physical activity, and genetic susceptibility, although a few cases are caused primarily by genes, endocrine disorders, medications or psychiatric illness. Evidence to support the view that some obese people eat little yet gain weight due to a slow metabolism is limited; on average obese people have a greater energy expenditure than their thin counterparts due to the energy required to maintain an increased body mass.
   Dieting and physical exercise are the mainstays of treatment for obesity. Moreover, it it important to improve diet quality by reducing the consumption of energy-dense foods such as those high in fat and sugars, and by increasing the intake of dietary fiber (Bhargava and Guthrie, 2002; Bhargava, 2006). To supplement this, or in case of failure, anti-obesity drugs may be taken to reduce appetite or inhibit fat absorption. In severe cases, surgery is performed or an intragastric balloon is placed to reduce stomach volume and/or bowel length, leading to earlier satiation and reduced ability to absorb nutrients from food
   Obesity is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide, with increasing prevalence in adults and children, and authorities view it as one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century.[8] Obesity is stigmatized in much of the modern world (particularly in the Western world), though it was widely perceived as a symbol of wealth and fertility at other times in history, and still is in some parts of the world.

Turmoil in Indian Politics

2010-11-20T09:30:00.000-08:00

The Man Mohan Singh led UPA Government which was having a smooth run till scam after scam has surfaced leaving the Government running for cover. First it starts with maligned Common Wealth Games scandal involving crores of rupees in building the infrastructure which left a bad taste on world sporting fraternity. The investigation which in intialise stage may leave top politicians in web.

Next came the 2G spectrum allotments which ultimately lead to Communication Minister A Raja resignation. The CAG has alleged that 2G spectrum was sold to companies for peanuts resulting to revenue loss to tune 1, 76,000 crores which according to survey could fed the whole Indian people for 10 years.

The Adarsh Housing scam at Mumbai was unearthed which tarnished the Indian image further.

To see that such scam do occur in future all deals should take in transparency and public in general knows everything in black and white. Further the Indian people memory which is very short should forget and see that the culprits are put behind the bars and property are confiscated and handed over to Government chequer

Web Banner

2010-11-18T00:59:00.000-08:00

   A web banner or banner ad is a form of advertising on the World Wide Web. This form of online advertising entails embedding an advertisement into a web page. It is intended to attract traffic to a website by linking to the website of the advertiser. The advertisement is constructed from an image (GIF, JPEG, PNG), JavaScript program or multimedia object employing technologies such as Java, Shockwave or Flash, often employing animation, sound, or video to maximize presence. Images are usually in a high-aspect ratio shape (i.e. either wide and short, or tall and narrow) hence the reference to banners. These images are usually placed on web pages that have interesting content, such as a newspaper article or an opinion piece. Affiliates earn money usually on a CPC (cost per click) basis. For every unique user click on the ad, the affiliate earns money.
     The web banner is displayed when a web page that references the banner is loaded into a web browser. This event is known as an "impression". When the viewer clicks on the banner, the viewer is directed to the website advertised in the banner. This event is known as a "click through". In many cases, banners are delivered by a central ad server. When the advertiser scans their logfiles and detects that a web user has visited the advertiser's site from the content site by clicking on the banner ad, the advertiser sends the content provider some small amount of money (usually around five to ten US cents).[citation needed] This payback system is often how the content provider is able to pay for the Internet access to supply the content in the first place. Usually though, advertisers use ad networks to serve their advertisements, resulting in a revshare system and higher quality ad placement.
   Web banners function the same way as traditional advertisements are intended to function: notifying consumers of the product or service and presenting reasons why the consumer should choose the product in question, although web banners differ in that the results for advertisement campaigns may be monitored real-time and may be targeted to the viewer's interests. Behavior is often tracked through the use of a click tag.
Many web surfers regard these advertisements as highly annoying because they distract from a web page's actual content or waste bandwidth. (Of course, the purpose of the banner ad is to attract attention and many advertisers try to get attention to the advert by making them annoying. Without attracting attention it would provide no revenue for the advertiser or for the content provider.) Newer web browsers often include options to disable pop-ups or block images from selected websites. Another way of avoiding banners is to use a proxy server that blocks them, such as Privoxy. Web browsers may also have extensions available which block banners, for example Adblock Plus for Mozilla Firefox, or AdThwart for Google Chrome.

Microfinance

2010-11-17T07:29:00.000-08:00

Microfinance is the provision of financial services to low-income clients orsolidarity lending groups including consumers and the self-employed, who traditionally lack access to banking and related services.

More broadly, it is a movement whose object is "a world in which as many poor and near-poor households as possible have permanent access to an appropriate range of high quality financial services, including not just credit but also savings, insurance, and fund transfers."^[1] Those who promote microfinance generally believe that such access will help poor people out ofpoverty.

Traditionally, banks have not provided financial services, such as loans, to clients with little or no cash income. Banks incur substantialcosts to manage a client account, regardless of how small the sums of money involved. For example, although the total gross revenue from delivering one hundred loans worth $1,000 each will not differ greatly from the revenue that results from delivering one loan of $100,000, it takes nearly a hundred times as much work and cost to manage a hundred loans as it does to manage one. The fixed cost of processing loans of any size is considerable as assessment of potential borrowers, their repayment prospects and security; administration of outstanding loans, collecting from delinquent borrowers, etc., has to be done in all cases. There is a break-even pointin providing loans or deposits below which banks lose money on each transaction they make. Poor people usually fall below that breakeven point. A similar equation resists efforts to deliver other financial services to poor people.

In addition, most poor people have few assets that can be secured by a bank as collateral. As documented extensively by Hernando de Soto and others, even if they happen to own land in the developing world, they may not have effective title to it.^[2] This means that the bank will have little recourse against defaulting borrowers.

Seen from a broader perspective, the development of a healthy national financial system has long been viewed as a catalyst for the broader goal of national economic development (see for example Alexander Gerschenkron, Paul Rosenstein-Rodan, Joseph Schumpeter, Anne Krueger ). However, the efforts of national planners and experts to develop financial services for most people have often failed in developing countries, for reasons summarized well by Adams, Graham & Von Pischke in their classic analysis 'Undermining Rural Development with Cheap Credit'.^[3]

Because of these difficulties, when poor people borrow they often rely on relatives or a local moneylender, whose interest rates can be very high. An analysis of 28 studies of informal moneylending rates in 14 countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa concluded that 76% of moneylender rates exceed 10% per month, including 22% that exceeded 100% per month. Moneylenders usually charge higher rates to poorer borrowers than to less poor ones.^[4] While moneylenders are often demonized and accused of usury, their services are convenient and fast, and they can be very flexible when borrowers run into problems. Hopes of quickly putting them out of business have proven unrealistic, even in places where microfinance institutions are active.^{[citation needed]}

Over the past centuries practical visionaries, from the Franciscan monks who founded the community-oriented pawnshops of the 15th century, to the founders of the European credit union movement in the 19th century (such as Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen) and the founders of the microcredit movement in the 1970s (such as Muhammad Yunus) have tested practices and built institutions designed to bring the kinds of opportunities and risk-management tools that financial services can provide to the doorsteps of poor people.^[5] While the success of the Grameen Bank (which now serves over 7 million poor Bangladeshi women) has inspired the world, it has proved difficult to replicate this success. In nations with lower population densities, meeting the operating costs of a retail branch by serving nearby customers has proven considerably more challenging. Hans Dieter Seibel, board member of the European Microfinance Platform, is in favour of the group model. This particular model (used by many Microfinance institutions) makes financial sense, he says, because it reduces transaction costs. Microfinance programmes also need to be based on local funds. Local Roots

Although much progress has been made, the problem has not been solved yet, and the overwhelming majority of people who earn less than $1 a day, especially in the rural areas, continue to have no practical access to formal sector finance. Microfinance has been growing rapidly with $25 billion currently at work in microfinance loans.^[6] It is estimated that the industry needs $250 billion to get capital to all the poor people who need it.^[6] The industry has been growing rapidly, and concerns have arisen that the rate of capital flowing into microfinance is a potential risk unless managed well.^[7]

Wind Power

2010-11-17T07:26:00.000-08:00

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as usingwind turbines to make electricity, wind mills for mechanical power, wind pumps for pumping water or drainage, or sails to propel ships.

At the end of 2009, worldwide nameplate capacity of wind-powered generators was 159.2gigawatts (GW).^[1] Energy production was 340 TWh, which is about 2% of worldwide electricity usage;^[1]^[2] and has doubled in the past three years. Several countries have achieved relatively high levels of wind power penetration (with large governmental subsidies), such as 20% of stationary electricity production in Denmark, 14% in Ireland^[3] and Portugal, 11% in Spain, and 8% in Germany in 2009.^[4] As of May 2009, 80 countries around the world are using wind power on a commercial basis.^[2]

Large-scale wind farms are connected to the electric power transmission network; smaller facilities are used to provide electricity to isolated locations. Utility companies increasingly buy back surplus electricity produced by small domestic turbines. Wind energy, as an alternative to fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, and produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation. However, the construction of wind farms is not universally welcomed because of their visual impact and other effects on the environment.

Wind power is non-dispatchable, meaning that for economic operation, all of the available output must be taken when it is available. Other resources, such as hydropower, and load management techniques must be used to match supply with demand. The intermittencyof wind seldom creates problems when using wind power to supply a low proportion of total demand, but as the proportion rises, problems are created such as increased costs, the need to upgrade the grid, and a lowered ability to supplant conventional production.^[5]^[6]^[7] Power management techniques such as exporting excess power to neighboring areas or reducing demand when wind production is low, can mitigate these problems.