Network Simulator - 2

AntHocNet installation in Ubuntu 12.04

2014-04-04T00:55:00.001-07:00

The steps to be followed are:

Download the AntHocNet patch for NS-2.34 from the following link http://anthocnet.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/anthocnet/
Modify the makefile because the entries for anthocnet were missing in the patch.
Compile the patch using:

./configure
make clean
make
make install

Now, you run example files with routing protocol as "AntHocNet"

The common errors:

trace/cmu-trace.o: In function `AntBasicPacket::access(Packet const*)':cmu-trace.cc:(.text._ZN14AntBasicPacket6accessEPK6Packet[AntBasicPacket::access(Packetconst*)]+0x7): undefined reference to `AntBasicPacket::offset_'collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

make: *** [ns] Error 1

        Ns make failed!
        See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems
        Solution:
Update the makefile with proper path for object files.

NS-2.33 installation in Ubuntu 12.04

2013-10-22T19:44:00.002-07:00

Follow the below given steps:

Download ns-allinnone-2.33 from nasam website
http://sourceforge.net/projects/nsnam/files/ns-2
Create a folder in home with name ns2
Extract the tar file in ns2
Open terminal and type cd ns2/ns-allinone-2.33
Install required libraries for ns2 using terminal
sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev
Then, sudo ./install

For errors,

1.
ld: libotcl.so: hidden symbol `__stack_chk_fail_local' isn't defined
ld: final link failed: Bad value
make: *** [libotcl.so] Error 1
otcl-1.13 make failed! Exiting ...
Solution:
In otcl-1.13/configure, line number 6304

-SHLIB_LD="ld -shared"
+SHLIB_LD="gcc -shared"

2.
tools/ranvar.cc: In member function ‘virtual double GammaRandomVariable::value()’:
tools/ranvar.cc:219:70: error: cannot call constructor ‘GammaRandomVariable::GammaRandomVariable’ directly [-fpermissive]
tools/ranvar.cc:219:70: error: for a function-style cast, remove the redundant ‘::GammaRandomVariable’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [tools/ranvar.o] Error 1

Solution:
In ns-2.33/tools/ranvar.cc, line 219

-return GammaRandomVariable::GammaRandomVariable(1.0 + alpha_, beta_).value() * pow (u, 1.0 / alpha_);
+return GammaRandomVariable(1.0 + alpha_, beta_).value() * pow (u, 1.0 / alpha_);

3.
In file included from mac/mac-802_11Ext.cc:66:0:
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h: In member function ‘u_int32_t PHY_MIBExt::getHdrLen11()’:
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:19: error: expected primary-expression before ‘struct’
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:41: error: ‘dh_body’ was not declared in this scope
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:51: error: ‘offsetof’ was not declared in this scope
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:177:3: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
make: *** [mac/mac-802_11Ext.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!

Solution:
In mac/mac-802_Ext.h, line 65

+#include<cstddef>

4.
mobile/nakagami.cc: In member function ‘virtual double Nakagami::Pr(PacketStamp*, PacketStamp*, WirelessPhy*)’:
mobile/nakagami.cc:183:73: error: cannot call constructor ‘ErlangRandomVariable::ErlangRandomVariable’ directly [-fpermissive]
mobile/nakagami.cc:183:73: error: for a function-style cast, remove the redundant ‘::ErlangRandomVariable’ [-fpermissive]
mobile/nakagami.cc:185:67: error: cannot call constructor ‘GammaRandomVariable::GammaRandomVariable’ directly [-fpermissive]
mobile/nakagami.cc:185:67: error: for a function-style cast, remove the redundant ‘::GammaRandomVariable’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [mobile/nakagami.o] Error 1

Solution:
In ns-2.33/mobile/nakagami.cc, Line no.

-if (int_m == m) {
- resultPower = ErlangRandomVariable::ErlangRandomVariable(Pr/m, int_m).value();
- } else {
- resultPower = GammaRandomVariable::GammaRandomVariable(m, Pr/m).value();
- }
- return resultPower;
- }

+if (int_m == m) {
+ resultPower = ErlangRandomVariable(Pr/m, int_m).value();
+ } else {
+ resultPower = GammaRandomVariable(m, Pr/m).value();
+ }
+ return resultPower;
+ }

Path Setup:
In terminal sudo gedit ~/.bash_aliases
Then update the environmrnt variable

# LD_LIBRARY_PATH
OTCL_LIB=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.33/otcl-1.13
NS2_LIB=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.33/lib
X11_LIB=/usr/X11R6/lib
USR_LOCAL_LIB=/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$OTCL_LIB:$NS2_LIB:$X11_LIB:$USR_LOCAL_LIB

# TCL_LIBRARY
TCL_LIB=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.33/tcl8.4.18/library
USR_LIB=/usr/lib
export TCL_LIBRARY=$TCL_LIB:$USR_LIB

# PATH
XGRAPH=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.33/bin:/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.33/tcl8.4.18/unix:/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.33/tk8.4.18/unix
NS=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.33/ns-2.33/
NAM=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.33/nam-1.13/
PATH=$PATH:$XGRAPH:$NS:$NAM

NS-2 Error

2013-10-22T02:08:00.004-07:00

Application initialization failed: Can't find a usable init.tcl in the following

directories:

../../../linux/lib/tcltk/lib/tcl8.3 ../../../linux/lib/tcltk/lib/tcl8.3

Solution:

1. Go to location root-usr-local-bin by giving following command in terminal

cd /usr/local/bin

2. There you would find the ns file. We just need to remove it by giving following command

rm ns

3. Thats it, you are done. Now your ns starts running successfully.

Error while including wireless-phy.h

2013-10-05T03:38:00.001-07:00

The below error is solved:

./mac/wireless-phy.h:129: error: expected identifier before 'r'
./mac/wireless-phy.h:129: error: expected `}' before 'r'
./mac/wireless-phy.h:129: error: expected unqualified-id before 'r'
./mac/wireless-phy.h: In member function bool& WirelessPhy::Is_node_on():
./mac/wireless-phy.h:97: error: node_on_ was not declared in this scope
./mac/wireless-phy.h: In member function bool WirelessPhy::Is_sleeping():
./mac/wireless-phy.h:98: error: status_ was not declared in this scope
./mac/wireless-phy.h: At global scope:
./mac/wireless-phy.h:131: error: no matching function for call to Sleep_Timer::Sleep_Timer()
./mac/wireless-phy.h:58: note: candidates are: Sleep_Timer::Sleep_Timer(WirelessPhy*)
./mac/wireless-phy.h:56: note: Sleep_Timer::Sleep_Timer(const Sleep_Timer&)
./mac/wireless-phy.h:134: error: expected unqualified-id before private
./mac/wireless-phy.h: In function EnergyModel* em():
./mac/wireless-phy.h:142: error: node was not declared in this scope
./mac/wireless-phy.h: At global scope:
./mac/wireless-phy.h:144: error: friend can only be specified inside a class
./mac/wireless-phy.h:146: error: expected declaration before } token

The error is due to duplicate link to SEND and RECV, so we need to change one of the file as shown below:

In cmu-trace.cc

- #define   RECV    'r'
- #define   SEND    's'

Rename as follows:

+ #define   RECVs   'r'
+ #define   SENDs   's'

Installing LEACH in NS-2.34

2013-10-04T21:17:00.001-07:00

The home directory of NS-2.34 is “/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34″

        1. Download the package “ns-234-leach.tar.gz” into the directory “/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34″.
        2. Download the bash file “leach-setup.sh” into the directory “/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34″.
    If the home directory of your “NS-2.34″ is other than “/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34″, then you need to find “ns-allinone-2.34″ and replace with “yourpath/ns-allinone-2.34″ for the file “leach-setup.sh”.
        3. Move to the directory “/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34″ and patch the file “leach-setup.sh” by run this command :
        ns2@ubuntu-10.04:~$ cd /home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34/
        ns2@ubuntu-10.04:/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34$ bash leach-setup.sh
    If the home directory of your “ns-2.34″ is other than “/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34″, then you need to find “…/ns-allinone-2.34″ and replace with “yourpath/ns-allinone-2.34″ for the following two files:
         ”Makefile” : found in the directory “/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34″.
        “Makefile.in” : found in the directory “/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34″.
        4. Edit both “Makefile” & “Makefile.in” as following:
        CC = gcc-4.3
        CPP = g++-4.3
        5. Run the following commands
        ns2@ubuntu-10.04:/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34$ ./configure
        ns2@ubuntu-10.04:/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34$ make clean
        ns2@ubuntu-10.04:/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34$ make
    If you have a problem while ‘make’ and shown error message like this : “trace/cmu-trace.cc: In member function ‘void CMUTrace::format(Packet*, const char*)’: trace/cmu-trace.cc:1327: error: ‘format_rca’ was not declared in this scope trace/cmu-trace.cc: At global scope: trace/cmu-trace.cc:1523: error: no ‘void CMUTrace::format_rca(Packet*, int)’ member function declared in class ‘CMUTrace’ make: *** [trace/cmu-trace.o] Error 1″

Then you need to add this lines into your cmu-trace.h:
    // start from line 165
    #ifdef MIT_uAMPS
    void format_rca(Packet *p, int offset);
    #define ADV_CHAR ‘A’
    #define REQ_CHAR ‘R’
    #define DATA_CHAR ‘D’

    #endif

and also add this line into ns-default.tcl (line 765):

    # ——————————————————
    Phy/WirelessPhy set alive_ 1
    Phy/WirelessPhy set Efriss_amp_ 100e-12
    Phy/WirelessPhy set Etwo_ray_amp_ 0.013e-12

    Phy/WirelessPhy set EXcvr_ 50e-9
    Phy/WirelessPhy set sleep_ 0
    Phy/WirelessPhy set ss_ 1
    Phy/WirelessPhy set dist_ 0
    # ——————————————————

After that you need to re-make.

If the previous commands passed successfully then you are ready to test your “Leach” by running ./test:

ns2@ubuntu-10.04:/home/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34$ ./test

Check the file “leach.err”, if no error reported then go to “leach.out” for results.

TCL Error

2013-08-11T23:39:00.002-07:00

TCL compilation error:

/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/library:/usr/lib /home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.32/lib/tcl8.4 /home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/library:/usr/lib /home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/library:/usr/tcl8.4 /usr/local/lib/tcl8.4 /usr/lib/tcl8.4 /usr/local/library /usr/library /usr/tcl8.4.15/library /tcl8.4.15/library /home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.32/lib/tcl8.4

This probably means that Tcl wasn't installed properly.

1) cd ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/ && ln -s lib/ library
2) Reinstall ns-allinone-2.34

OR

1. Go to location root-usr-local-bin by giving following command in terminal
cd /usr/local/bin
2. There you would find the ns file. We just need to remove it by giving following command
rm ns
3. Thats it, you are done. Now your ns starts running successfully.

'make depend' Error

2013-05-31T01:41:00.001-07:00

/bin/sh: Syntax error: Bad fd number
make: *** [depend] Error 2

This is because the default ubuntu 10.04 setting uses dash instead of bash for sh command. Thus, rename the old link of /bin/sh to dash and create new link of /bin/sh to bash.

cd /bin
sudo mv sh sh_orig
sudo ln -s /bin/bash sh

NS-2 NAM Error

2013-04-29T21:15:00.002-07:00

If following is the error when you run

$nam sample.nam

node 0 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 1 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 0 is not defined… node 1 is not defined

Solution:

$node_(0) set X_ 1236.434683198672
$node_(0) set Y_ 179.979610823970
$node_(0) set Z_ 0.000000000000
$node_(1) set X_ 1790.717030099859
$node_(1) set Y_ 83.776877593619
$node_(1) set Z_ 0.000000000000

$ns_ at 0.000000000000 "$node_(0) setdest 8.478589906252 340.108921691462 0.138306462152"
$ns_ at 0.000000000000 "$node_(1) setdest 758.184447675563 73.841187162084 0.696734621404"

Add following two line at the after the mobility declaration.

$ns_ initial_node_pos $node_(1) 20
$ns_ initial_node_pos $node_(0) 20

Error while adding new protocol in NS2 - 3

2013-04-16T10:35:00.002-07:00

One more common error is as follows:

invalid command name "Agent/MyAgentOtcl"
while executing
"Agent/MyAgentOtcl set seqNo_ $opt(seqNo)"

This is due to one of the below listed reason:

1. The spelling mistake in "Agent/MyAgentOtcl" of TCL script and .cc file. In .cc file code will be as follows:

MyAgentClass() : TclClass("Agent/MyAgentOtcl") {}
TclObject* create(int, const char*const*) {
return(new MyAgent());
}

2. Once protocol is added, then updating makefile is also important. In makefile give the path for creating object file. If path is not give, then TCL scripts cannot access the C++ codes.

3. After modifying the makefile and ./configure, sometimes makefile will not be having the path information. You may get ./configure as successfully completed but TCL scripts fails to access. So updating is also important.

Error while adding new protocol in NS2 - 2

2013-04-16T10:19:00.002-07:00

Error:

    make: *** No rule to make target `tcp/linux/tcp_naivereno.cc', needed by `depend'. Stop.

Solution:

edit file “ns-allinone-2.33/ns-2.33/Makefile.in”

...

OBJ_CC = \

...

    tcp/scoreboard.o tcp/scoreboard-rq.o tcp/tcp-sack1.o tcp/tcp-fack.o \
-    tcp/linux/tcp_naivereno.o\
-    tcp/linux/src/tcp_cong.o\
-    tcp/linux/src/tcp_highspeed.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_bic.o tcp/linux /src/tcp_htcp.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_scalable.o src/tcp_cubic.o\
-    tcp/linux/src/tcp_westwood.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_vegas.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_hybla.o\
-    tcp/linux/src/tcp_illinois.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_yeah.o \
-    tcp/linux/src/tcp_veno.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_compound.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_lp.o\
-    tcp/scoreboard1.o tcp/tcp-linux.o tcp/linux/ns-linux-util.o tcp/linux/ns-linux-c.o tcp/linux/ns-linux-param.o\
+    tcp/scoreboard1.o tcp/tcp-linux.o tcp/linux/ns-linux-util.o \
    tcp/tcp-asym.o tcp/tcp-asym-sink.o tcp/tcp-fs.o \

...
-OBJ_C =
+OBJ_C = \
+    tcp/linux/tcp_naivereno.o\
+    tcp/linux/src/tcp_cong.o\
+    tcp/linux/src/tcp_highspeed.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_bic.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_htcp.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_scalable.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_cubic.o\
+    tcp/linux/src/tcp_westwood.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_vegas.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_hybla.o\
+    tcp/linux/src/tcp_illinois.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_yeah.o \
+    tcp/linux/src/tcp_veno.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_compound.o tcp/linux/src/tcp_lp.o\
+    tcp/linux/ns-linux-c.o tcp/linux/ns-linux-param.o

Error while adding new protocol in NS2 - 1

2013-04-16T10:13:00.003-07:00

The most commonly found errors while adding new protocol are as follows:

invoked from within
"_o433 cmd addr"
invoked from within
"catch "$self cmd $args" ret"
invoked from within
"if [catch "$self cmd $args" ret] {
set cls [$self info class]
global errorInfo
set savedInfo $errorInfo
error "error when calling class $cls: $args" $..."
(procedure "_o433" line 2)
(SplitObject unknown line 2)
invoked from within
"_o433 addr"
("eval" body line 1)
invoked from within
"eval $node addr $args"
("default" arm line 2)
invoked from within
"switch -exact $routingAgent_ {
DSDV {
set ragent [$self create-dsdv-agent $node]
}
DSR {
$self at 0.0 "$node start-dsr"
}
AODV {
set ragent [$self cre..."
(procedure "_o3" line 14)
(Simulator create-wireless-node line 14)
invoked from within
"_o3 create-wireless-node"
("eval" body line 1)
invoked from within
"eval $self create-wireless-node $args"
(procedure "_o3" line 23)
(Simulator node line 23)
invoked from within
"$ns_ node"
("for" body line 2)
invoked from within
"for {set i $val(nnaodv)} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} {
set node_($i) [$ns_ node]
$node_($i) random-motion 0 ;#disable random motion
#..."

The error is due to the TCL script you are trying to execute is not compilng to the library TCL scripts. This error can be solved using following commands:

./configure
make clean
make
sudo make install

Using added new routing protocol in NS2

2013-01-04T02:04:00.001-08:00

The steps to be followed in Fedora system are as follows:

./configure
make clean
make
make install

After these only new protocol will be active and use.

NS-2.29 installation in Ubuntu 12.04

2012-12-14T20:24:00.000-08:00

The below given details are the errors and solutions, which I found while installing.

1.
Build tcl8.4.11
============================================================
loading cache ./config.cache
checking whether to use symlinks for manpages... no
checking whether to compress the manpages... no
checking whether to add a package name suffix for the manpages... no
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler (gcc ) works... yes
checking whether the C compiler (gcc ) is a cross-compiler... no
checking whether we are using GNU C... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for building with threads... no (default)
checking if the compiler understands -pipe... yes
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -pipe -E
checking for sin... no
checking for main in -lieee... yes
checking for main in -linet... no
checking for net/errno.h... no
checking for connect... yes
checking for gethostbyname... yes
checking how to build libraries... static
checking for ranlib... ranlib
checking if 64bit support is requested... no
checking if 64bit Sparc VIS support is requested... no
checking system version (for dynamic loading)... ./configure: 1: Syntax error: Unterminated quoted string
tcl8.3.2 configuration failed! Exiting ...
Tcl is not part of the ns project. Please see www.Scriptics.com
to see if they have a fix for your platform.

Solution:
Basically, in some of the configure scripts the calls to awk are malformed.

    Go to the ns-allinone folder and type

    find . -name configure

A list of the configure scripts should appear.

    For each of these replace any line that looks like this:

    system=MP-RAS-`awk ‘{print }’ /etc/.relid’`

    with ...

    system=MP-RAS-`awk ‘{print }’ /etc/.relid`

Now rerun ./install in the ns-allinone folder.

2.
ld: libotcl.so: hidden symbol `__stack_chk_fail_local' isn't defined
ld: final link failed: Bad value
make: *** [libotcl.so] Error 1
otcl-1.13 make failed! Exiting ...
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In otcl-1.13/configure, line number 5516

- SHLIB_LD="ld -shared"
+SHLIB_LD="gcc -shared"

3.
Tcl.cc: In member function ‘void Tcl::eval(char*)’:
Tcl.cc:182:8: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
Tcl.cc: In member function ‘int TclObject::traceVar(const char*, TclObject*)’:
Tcl.cc:421:50: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
Tcl.cc: In static member function ‘static int TclClass::create_shadow(ClientData, Tcl_Interp*, int, const char**)’:
Tcl.cc:509:57: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
Tcl.cc:511:61: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
Tcl.cc: In static member function ‘static int TclClass::dispatch_instvar(ClientData, Tcl_Interp*, int, const char**)’:
Tcl.cc:566:35: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
Tcl.cc:571:72: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
Tcl.cc: In member function ‘virtual void TclClass::bind()’:
Tcl.cc:603:60: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
Tcl.cc:605:60: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
make: *** [Tcl.o] Error 1
tclcl-1.17 make failed! Exiting ...
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Soultion:
Go to file tclcl-1.17/tcl.cc at line no. 564 replace the line following line

- char *p =strchr(localName, '(');
+ char *p =const_cast<char*>( strchr(localName, '('));

4.
./sctp/sctp.h:558:1: warning: ‘typedef’ was ignored in this declaration [enabled by default]
./sctp/sctp.h:564:1: warning: ‘typedef’ was ignored in this declaration [enabled by default]
./sctp/sctp.h:571:1: warning: ‘typedef’ was ignored in this declaration [enabled by default]
./sctp/sctp.h:577:1: warning: ‘typedef’ was ignored in this declaration [enabled by default]
./sctp/sctp.h:705:8: error: extra qualification ‘SctpAgent::’ on member ‘DumpSendBuffer’ [-fpermissive]
trace/trace.cc:185:1: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
trace/trace.cc:185:1: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
trace/trace.cc:185:1: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
trace/trace.cc:185:1: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
trace/trace.cc:185:1: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
make: *** [trace/trace.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In file sctp/sctp.h in line 705, please change as follows:

- void SctpAgent::DumpSendBuffer();
+void DumpSendBuffer();

5.
In file included from ./trace/cmu-trace.h:43:0,
                 from src_rtg/sragent.cc:53:
./mobile/god.h: At global scope:
./mobile/god.h:88:14: error: extra qualification ‘vector::’ on member ‘operator=’ [-fpermissive]
./mobile/god.h:93:14: error: extra qualification ‘vector::’ on member ‘operator+=’ [-fpermissive]
./mobile/god.h:98:13: error: extra qualification ‘vector::’ on member ‘operator==’ [-fpermissive]
./mobile/god.h:101:13: error: extra qualification ‘vector::’ on member ‘operator!=’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [src_rtg/sragent.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
The changes to be done to solve this problem is in the file mobile/god.h

In line 88, 93, 98 and 101
remove vector::

6.
queue/red.cc: In member function ‘double REDQueue::estimator(int, int, double, double)’:
queue/red.cc:388:18: warning: variable ‘old_ave’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
queue/red.cc: In member function ‘virtual void REDQueue::trace(TracedVar*)’:
queue/red.cc:874:35: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/red.cc:875:36: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/red.cc:876:36: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/red.cc:877:41: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [queue/red.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In file queue/red.cc at line 874,

-if (((p = strstr(v->name(), "ave")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "prob")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "curq")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "cur_max_p"))==NULL) ) {

+if (((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "ave"))) == NULL) &&
+       ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "prob"))) == NULL) &&
+        ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "curq"))) == NULL) &&
+        ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "cur_max_p")))==NULL) ) {

7.
dsr/dsragent.cc:2737:18: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
dsr/dsragent.cc:2756:28: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
make: *** [dsr/dsragent.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In dsr/dsragent.cc at line 216 add following lines,

void XmitFlowFailureCallback(Packet *pkt, void *data);
void XmitFailureCallback(Packet *pkt, void *data);

8.
diffusion/diffusion.cc: In member function ‘void DiffusionAgent::MACprepare(Packet*, nsaddr_t, int, bool)’:
diffusion/diffusion.cc:427:26: error: ‘XmitFailedCallback’ was not declared in this scope
make: *** [diffusion/diffusion.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In diffusion/diffusion.cc at line 85 add following line,

void XmitFailedCallback(Packet *pkt, void *data);
9.
diffusion/omni_mcast.cc: In member function ‘void OmniMcastAgent::ConsiderNew(Packet*)’:
diffusion/omni_mcast.cc:243:19: warning: variable ‘hashPtr’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
diffusion/omni_mcast.cc:246:27: warning: variable ‘forward_nodeID’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
diffusion/omni_mcast.cc: In member function ‘void OmniMcastAgent::MACprepare(Packet*, nsaddr_t, unsigned int, bool)’:
diffusion/omni_mcast.cc:388:26: error: ‘OmniMcastXmitFailedCallback’ was not declared in this scope
make: *** [diffusion/omni_mcast.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In diffusion/omni_mcast.cc at line 83 add followinf line

void OmniMcastXmitFailedCallback(Packet *pkt, void *data);

10.
queue/rio.cc: In member function ‘virtual void RIOQueue::enque(Packet*)’:
queue/rio.cc:481:56: warning: suggest parentheses around ‘&&’ within ‘||’ [-Wparentheses]
queue/rio.cc: In member function ‘virtual void RIOQueue::trace(TracedVar*)’:
queue/rio.cc:565:35: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/rio.cc:566:38: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/rio.cc:567:39: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/rio.cc:568:36: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/rio.cc:569:39: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/rio.cc:570:40: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/rio.cc:571:36: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [queue/rio.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
Do the following changes in queue/rio.cc at line 565 onwards,

-    if (((p = strstr(v->name(), "ave")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "in_ave")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "out_ave")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "prob")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "in_prob")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "out_prob")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "curq")) == NULL)) {


+    if (((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "ave"))) == NULL) &&
+            ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "in_ave"))) == NULL) &&
+            ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "out_ave"))) == NULL) &&
+            ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "prob"))) == NULL) &&
+            ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "in_prob"))) == NULL) &&
+            ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "out_prob"))) == NULL) &&
+            ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "curq"))) == NULL)) {

11.
tcp/tcp-sack-rh.cc: At global scope:
tcp/tcp-sack-rh.cc:68:15: error: extra qualification ‘SackRHTcpAgent::’ on member ‘newack’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [tcp/tcp-sack-rh.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In tcp/tcp-sack-rh.cc at line 68,

-    virtual void SackRHTcpAgent::newack(Packet* pkt);
+    virtual void newack(Packet* pkt);
12.
queue/pi.cc: In member function ‘virtual void PIQueue::trace(TracedVar*)’:
queue/pi.cc:316:36: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/pi.cc:317:36: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [queue/pi.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In queue/pi.cc at line 316, do the following changes,

-    if (((p = strstr(v->name(), "prob")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "curq")) == NULL)) {

+    if (((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "prob"))) == NULL) &&
+        ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "curq"))) == NULL)) {

13.
queue/vq.cc: In member function ‘virtual void Vq::trace(TracedVar*)’:
queue/vq.cc:333:35: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [queue/vq.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In file queue/vq.cc at line 333,

-    if ((p = strstr(v->name(), "curq")) == NULL) {
+    if ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "curq"))) == NULL) {

14.
queue/rem.cc: In member function ‘virtual void REMQueue::trace(TracedVar*)’:
queue/rem.cc:335:35: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/rem.cc:336:36: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
queue/rem.cc:337:36: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [queue/rem.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In file queue/rem.cc at line 335,

-    if (((p = strstr(v->name(), "ave")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "prob")) == NULL) &&
-        ((p = strstr(v->name(), "curq")) == NULL)) {

+   if (((p =const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "ave"))) == NULL) &&
+       ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "prob"))) == NULL) &&
+       ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "curq"))) == NULL)) {

15.
queue/gk.cc: In member function ‘virtual void GK::trace(TracedVar*)’:
queue/gk.cc:207:35: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [queue/gk.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In file queue/gk.cc at line 207,

-    if ((p = strstr(v->name(), "curq")) == NULL) {
+    if ((p = const_cast<char*>(strstr(v->name(), "curq"))) == NULL) {

16.
pgm/pgm-agent.cc: At global scope:
pgm/pgm-agent.cc:307:8: error: extra qualification ‘PgmAgent::’ on member ‘trace_event’ [-fpermissive]
pgm/pgm-agent.cc: In member function ‘void PgmAgent::handle_rdata(Packet*)’:
pgm/pgm-agent.cc:607:30: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
pgm/pgm-agent.cc: In member function ‘void PgmAgent::handle_nak(Packet*)’:
pgm/pgm-agent.cc:756:43: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
pgm/pgm-agent.cc: In member function ‘void PgmAgent::handle_ncf(Packet*)’:
pgm/pgm-agent.cc:853:28: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
make: *** [pgm/pgm-agent.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problem

Solution
In pgm/pgm-agent.cc at line 307,

- void PgmAgent::trace_event(char *evType, double evTime);
+ void trace_event(char *evType, double evTime);

17.
pgm/pgm-sender.cc: At global scope:
pgm/pgm-sender.cc:189:8: error: extra qualification ‘PgmSender::’ on member ‘trace_event’ [-fpermissive]
pgm/pgm-sender.cc: In member function ‘virtual void PgmSender::handle_nak(Packet*)’:
pgm/pgm-sender.cc:501:67: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
pgm/pgm-sender.cc: In member function ‘virtual void PgmSender::send_rdata(RdataItem*)’:
pgm/pgm-sender.cc:645:51: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
make: *** [pgm/pgm-sender.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution
In pgm/pgm-sender.cc at line 189,

- void PgmSender::trace_event(char *evType, nsaddr_t daddr, double evTime);
+ void trace_event(char *evType, nsaddr_t daddr, double evTime);

18.
pgm/pgm-receiver.cc: At global scope:
pgm/pgm-receiver.cc:186:8: error: extra qualification ‘PgmReceiver::’ on member ‘trace_event’ [-fpermissive]
pgm/pgm-receiver.cc: In member function ‘void PgmReceiver::generate_Nak(int)’:
pgm/pgm-receiver.cc:617:34: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
make: *** [pgm/pgm-receiver.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution
In pgm/pgm-sender.cc at line 186,

-   void PgmReceiver::trace_event(char *evType, double evTime);
+   void trace_event(char *evType, double evTime);

nrlsensorsim patching to ns-2.27

2012-11-17T00:09:00.000-08:00

Please find the details in the below given link:

http://ppvbhat.blogspot.in/2012/07/ns-227-installation-on-fc8-with.html

GnuPlot installation in Ubuntu 12.04

2012-10-23T21:44:00.003-07:00

We need to make sure some packages are already installed before we try to compile gnuplot

sudo apt-get install libwxgtk2.8-dev libpango1.0-dev libreadline5-dev libx11-dev libxt-dev texinfo libgd2-xpm-dev
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnuplot/files/gnuplot/4.4.0/gnuplot-4.4.0.tar.gz/download
tar xzf gnuplot-4.4.0.tar.gz
cd gnuplot-4.4.0
./configure
sudo make install

Installing NS-2.31 in Ubuntu 12.04

2012-10-20T23:23:00.001-07:00

Follow the below given steps:

Download ns-allinnone-2.31 from nasam website

http://sourceforge.net/projects/nsnam/files/ns-2

Create a folder in /home with the name ns2

Extract the tar file in ns2

Open terminal and type cd ns2/ns-allinone-2.31

Install required libraries for ns2 using terminal

sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev

Then, sudo ./install

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For errors,

1.

ld: libotcl.so: hidden symbol `__stack_chk_fail_local' isn't defined
ld: final link failed: Bad value
make: *** [libotcl.so] Error 1
otcl-1.13 make failed! Exiting ...
See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

Solution:
In otcl-1.13/configure, line number 5516

-SHLIB_LD="ld -shared"
+SHLIB_LD="gcc -shared"

NS-2.34 installation in Ubuntu 12.04

2012-09-07T03:52:00.001-07:00

Follow the below given steps:

Download ns-allinnone-2.34 from nasam website

http://sourceforge.net/projects/nsnam/files/ns-2

Create a folder in home with name ns2

Extract the tar file in ns2

Open terminal and type cd ns2/ns-allinone-2.34

Install required libraries for ns2 using terminal

sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev

Then, sudo ./install

For errors,

1.

ld: libotcl.so: hidden symbol `__stack_chk_fail_local' isn't defined
ld: final link failed: Bad value
make: *** [libotcl.so] Error 1
otcl-1.13 make failed! Exiting ...

Solution:
In otcl-1.13/configure, line number 6304

-SHLIB_LD="ld -shared"
+SHLIB_LD="gcc -shared"

2.
tools/ranvar.cc: In member function ‘virtual double GammaRandomVariable::value()’:
tools/ranvar.cc:219:70: error: cannot call constructor ‘GammaRandomVariable::GammaRandomVariable’ directly [-fpermissive]
tools/ranvar.cc:219:70: error:   for a function-style cast, remove the redundant ‘::GammaRandomVariable’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [tools/ranvar.o] Error 1

Solution:
In ns-2.34/tools/ranvar.cc, line 219

-return GammaRandomVariable::GammaRandomVariable(1.0 + alpha_, beta_).value() * pow (u, 1.0 / alpha_);
+return GammaRandomVariable(1.0 + alpha_, beta_).value() * pow (u, 1.0 / alpha_);

3.
In file included from mac/mac-802_11Ext.cc:66:0:
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h: In member function ‘u_int32_t PHY_MIBExt::getHdrLen11()’:
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:19: error: expected primary-expression before ‘struct’
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:41: error: ‘dh_body’ was not declared in this scope
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:51: error: ‘offsetof’ was not declared in this scope
mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:177:3: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
make: *** [mac/mac-802_11Ext.o] Error 1
Ns make failed!

Solution:
In mac/mac-802_Ext.h, line 65

+#include<cstddef>

4.
mobile/nakagami.cc: In member function ‘virtual double Nakagami::Pr(PacketStamp*, PacketStamp*, WirelessPhy*)’:
mobile/nakagami.cc:183:73: error: cannot call constructor ‘ErlangRandomVariable::ErlangRandomVariable’ directly [-fpermissive]
mobile/nakagami.cc:183:73: error:   for a function-style cast, remove the redundant ‘::ErlangRandomVariable’ [-fpermissive]
mobile/nakagami.cc:185:67: error: cannot call constructor ‘GammaRandomVariable::GammaRandomVariable’ directly [-fpermissive]
mobile/nakagami.cc:185:67: error:   for a function-style cast, remove the redundant ‘::GammaRandomVariable’ [-fpermissive]
make: *** [mobile/nakagami.o] Error 1

Solution:
In ns-2.34/mobile/nakagami.cc, Line no.

-if (int_m == m) {
-             resultPower = ErlangRandomVariable::ErlangRandomVariable(Pr/m, int_m).value();
-         } else {
-             resultPower = GammaRandomVariable::GammaRandomVariable(m, Pr/m).value();
-         }
-         return resultPower;
-    }

+if (int_m == m) {
+         resultPower = ErlangRandomVariable(Pr/m, int_m).value();
+        } else {
+            resultPower = GammaRandomVariable(m, Pr/m).value();
+        }
+     return resultPower;
+ }

Path Setup:

In terminal sudo gedit ~/.bash_aliases
Then copy the following path and modify according to your system path

# LD_LIBRARY_PATH
OTCL_LIB=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/otcl-1.13
NS2_LIB=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/lib
X11_LIB=/usr/X11R6/lib
USR_LOCAL_LIB=/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$OTCL_LIB:$NS2_LIB:$X11_LIB:$USR_LOCAL_LIB

# TCL_LIBRARY
TCL_LIB=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/library
USR_LIB=/usr/lib
export TCL_LIBRARY=$TCL_LIB:$USR_LIB

# PATH
XGRAPH=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/bin:/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/unix:/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/tk8.4.18/unix
NS=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34/
NAM=/home/ramakrishna/ns2/ns-allinone-2.34/nam-1.14/
PATH=$PATH:$XGRAPH:$NS:$NAM

Save the file and type source ~/.bash_aliases

Now if you type ns in terminal it will show % symbol

Visit my blog for Photography

2011-11-22T07:31:00.001-08:00

ramakrishnaphotos.blogspot.com