<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332</id><updated>2026-08-09T01:09:09.240-07:00</updated><category term="tratamento"/><category term="critérios diagnósticos"/><category term="avc"/><category term="critérios"/><category term="esclerose múltipla"/><category term="neurologia"/><category term="2010"/><category term="PCR"/><category term="epilepsia"/><category term="fenitoína"/><category term="meningite"/><category term="parkinsonismo"/><category term="prednisona"/><category term="unb"/><category term="2005"/><category term="AAS"/><category term="HNPCC"/><category 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term="tetas"/><category term="ticarcilina"/><category term="transudato"/><category term="tratamento agudo"/><category term="triptano"/><category term="tromboembolismo"/><category term="trombólise"/><category term="tubérculos"/><category term="técnica"/><category term="universidade de brasilia"/><category term="universidade de brasília"/><category term="ureter"/><category term="usp"/><category term="uveíte"/><category term="ventilação mecânica"/><category term="verapamil"/><category term="verbal"/><category term="vogt"/><category term="vogt-koyanagi-harada"/><category term="vídeo"/><category term="vídeo com técnica da toracocentese"/><category term="vídeos"/><category term="warfarin"/><category term="west"/><category term="who"/><category term="wiliam osler"/><category term="william huntar"/><category term="william smellie"/><category term="zubrod"/><category term="Índice"/><category term="ácido acetilsalicílico"/><category term="ácido-base"/><category term="ácido-básico"/><category term="ânion gap"/><category term="ética"/><category term="útero gravídico"/><title type='text'>Neurologia em foco</title><subtitle type='html'>Blog de neurologia científica, baseada em evidências, atualizado, com discussões sobre as novas publicações, resultados de pesquisas e temas que interessem os médicos da área. Pretende ser útil para a educação médica continuada de profissionais afeitos à neurologia e às neurociências.</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>122</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-8968242238289228813</id><published>2022-06-29T16:43:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-29T16:43:05.790-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Bateria Neuropsicológica Computadorizada de Cambridge (CANTAB) e o uso de testes cognitivos computadorizados</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Uma das consequências do envelhecimento populacional é o aumento do foco na manutenção da saúde cognitiva. Para sermos capazes de melhor entender o envelhecimento cognitivo normal e patológico, necessitamos de bons instrumentos, capazes de aferir as habilidades cognitivas durante todo o curso da vida, considerando a interação de fatores socio-demográficos com os processos cognitivos, por exemplo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Desde o advento das avaliações neuropsicológicas clínicas, essas avaliações têm sido realizadas usando testes tipo papel e caneta. Está ficando claro, no entanto, que existem inúmeros benefícios na incorporação de tecnologias digitais na avaliação, com o potencial de minimizar a disponibilidade de tempo de pessoal especializado, otimizar os custos, reduzir o tempo de aplicação dos testes, além de&amp;nbsp; melhorar reprodutibilidade inter-examinadores. Os testes computadorizados também tem potencial de utilizar um sistema de correção automatizado, ou mesmo alcançar comunidades com maior disparidade de acesso a serviços de saúde. Apesar do entusiasmo nesse campo da avaliação eletrônica, ainda há desafios a serem superados, especialmente relacionado a o uso de testagem remota (em smart-phones ou em computadores pessoais), quanto, por exemplo, à captura imprecisa de tempos de reação.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Há uma lista crescente de ferramentas de avaliação cognitiva remota, porém a maioria foi desenvolvida para a língua inglesa. Muitos deles envolvem a aplicação baseada em tablets, que tem sido preferidos devido à interação direta e intuitiva, menos demandas motoras, e relativa facilidade de uso. A variedade de testes disponíveis, com evidências psicométricas de validade, é grande, permitindo uma implementação flexível dessas ferramentas, a depender da questão clínica e das necessidades da população de interesse. Abaixo descrevemos uma dessas ferramentas, que reúne várias características interessantes, a CANTAB.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;A Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) é uma bateria de avaliação neuropsicológica computadorizada originalmente escrita e desenvolvida por Barbara Sahakian, Trevor Robbins e colegas da Universidade de Cambridge na década de 1980. Atualmente é comercializado por uma empresa inglesa chamada Cambridge Cognition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Todos os testes desta bateria são informatizados, apresentados em tela sensível ao toque (touch-screen), de forma padronizada, com o resultado gravado instantaneamente.&amp;nbsp;Sua fácil administração permite sua aplicação em diferentes amostras, como pacientes com doenças neurodegenerativas, com pouca alteração no procedimento padrão. Também pode ser usado com diferentes faixas etárias, pois foi validado em estudos com populações de 4&amp;nbsp; 90 anos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;A bateria CANTAB possui módulos para avaliar várias funções e processos neurocognitivos, incluindo velocidade psicomotora e motora, habilidades de raciocínio e planejamento, memória e atenção e disfunções frontais, temporais e hipocampais. Permite avaliar disfunções neurocognitivas associadas a distúrbios neurológicos, efeito de manipulações farmacológicas. Os testes são independentes do idioma, da cultura e não são sensíveis ao gênero. Versões paralelas desses testes podem ser usadas para avaliações subsequente, minimizando o efeito de aprendizado.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Referências:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Barnett JH, Blackwell AD, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW. The Paired Associates Learning (PAL) Test: 30&amp;nbsp;Years of CANTAB Translational Neuroscience from Laboratory to Bedside in Dementia Research.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Curr Top Behav Neurosci&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;. 2016;28:449-474. doi:10.1007/7854_2015_5001&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Robbins TW, James M, Owen AM, Sahakian BJ, McInnes L, Rabbitt P. Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB): a factor analytic study of a large sample of normal elderly volunteers.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Dementia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;. 1994;5(5):266-281. doi:10.1159/000106735&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Robbins TW, James M, Owen AM, et al. A study of performance on tests from the CANTAB battery sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction in a large sample of normal volunteers: implications for theories of executive functioning and cognitive aging. Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;J Int Neuropsychol Soc&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;. 1998;4(5):474-490. doi:10.1017/s1355617798455073&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #212121; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8968242238289228813'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8968242238289228813'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/bateria-neuropsicologica.html' title='Bateria Neuropsicológica Computadorizada de Cambridge (CANTAB) e o uso de testes cognitivos computadorizados'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-1159130986142615523</id><published>2022-06-29T07:23:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-29T07:24:15.750-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Doença de Parkinson prodrômica - critérios para uso em pesquisa clinica</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Quando os francos sintomas motores (bradicinesia e rigidez ou tremor de repouso) permitirem um diagnóstico clínico da doença de Parkinson (DP), já deve&amp;nbsp;ter&amp;nbsp;ocorrido extensa perda de neurônios&amp;nbsp;dopaminérgicos&amp;nbsp;nigroestriatais. &amp;nbsp;Há evidências de que processo neurodegenerativo característico da doença tenha um andamento que abrange anos ou mesmo décadas anteriores ao diagnóstico clínico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Vários marcadores clínicos, motores e não-motores (transtorno comportamental do sono REM - TCSR, hiposmia, constipação, disfunção urinária, depressão) tem potencial de indicar esse processo degenerativo em andamento, classificando o que se convencionou chamar de doença de Parkinson prodrômica.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; A &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.movementdisorders.org&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society&lt;/a&gt; (MDS) desenvolveu critérios diagnósticos de doença de&amp;nbsp;Parkinson prodrômica, com a intenção de uso em pesquisa, e que estão em contínuo aprimoramento.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Algumas questões a respeito desses critérios são descritas no artigo original de Daniela Berg et al., de 2015:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;A DP prodrômica pode ser definida com base em marcadores não motores (se referindo a qualquer indicador de doença: sintoma, sinal ou biomarcador). A terminologia prodrômica não faz suposições sobre a ordem em que os marcadores motores ou não motores se desenvolvem.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;A velocidade de progressão dos estágios prodrômicos para os estágios clínicos estabelecidos é variável entre os pacientes e não pode ser prevista de forma confiável no nível individual.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;O critério incorpora estimativas de risco, baseadas em informações demográficas e fatores de risco epidemiologicamente determinados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Os critérios são guiados por dados de estudos clínicos prospectivos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Demência com corpos de Lewy não é considerada critério de exclusão para doença de Parkinson.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Não há meios de identificar DP prodrômica com 100% de certeza. O objetivo desses critérios é melhor selecionar candidatos que poderiam participar em futuros ensaios clínicos de intervenções modificadores de doença.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Os critérios utilizam uma metodologia Bayesiana (classificado naïve Bayes). Consideram informações a priori (&lt;i&gt;priors&lt;/i&gt;) e razões de verossimilhança (&lt;i&gt;likelihood ratios - LRs&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;A probabilidade &lt;i&gt;a priori &lt;/i&gt;é retirada de estimativas populacionais de prevalência de DP prodrômica de forma idade-dependente de acordo com intervalos de idade de 5 anos, como, por exemplo:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;0,4% dos 50 aos 54 anos;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;0,75% dos 55 aos 59 anos;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;1,25% dos 60 aos 64 anos;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;2,0% dos 65 aos 69 anos;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;2,5% dos 70 aos 74 anos;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;3,5% dos 75 aos 79 anos; e&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;4,0% com 80 anos ou mais.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Depois a probabilidade &lt;i&gt;a posteriori&lt;/i&gt; é definida como o produto da probabilidade &lt;i&gt;a priori &lt;/i&gt;e as LRs dos fatores de risco presentes e ausentes no indivíduo avaliado. A tabela de LRs é baseada em estudos populacionais, e constantemente atualizada, a partir de fatores considerados&amp;nbsp;suficientemente poderosos para contribuir significativamente para a estimativa de probabilidade.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Entre os marcadores considerados nos critérios iniciais estão:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;TCSR comprovado polissonograficamente:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;LR+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;130, LR-&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;0.62;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Disfunção olfativa em testes objetivos padronizados, ajustados para idade e sexo:&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;LR+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;4.0, LR-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;0.43&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Constipação (requer tratamento mais de uma vez por semana, ou uma ou menos evacuações espontâneas a cada 2 dias):&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;LR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;+&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;2.2, LR-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;0.80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;Sonolência excessiva diurna:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;LR+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;2.2, LR-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;0.88&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;Hipotensão espontânea:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;LR+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;2.1, LR-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;0.90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;Disfunção erétil de gravidade suficiente para exigir&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;intervenção médica:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;LR+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;2.0, LR-&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;0.90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;Disfunção urinária:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;LR+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;1.9, LR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;0.90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;Diagnóstico de depressão (LR negativo não aplicado se houver ansiedade):&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;LR+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;1.8, LR-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start; vertical-align: 4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;0.85&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(35, 31, 32);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;As LRs de cada fator de risco foram posteriormente modificadas por grupo de&amp;nbsp;trabalho da MDS, no&amp;nbsp;artigo de Heinzel et al., em 2019, em uma atualização desses critérios diagnósticos para pesquisa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Como&amp;nbsp;esses dados são&amp;nbsp;constantemente atualizados, a MDS lançou um portal eletrônico para que o cálculo seja realizado automaticamente, no seguinte link:&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.movementdisorders.org/MDS/Members-Only/Prodromal-PD-Calculator.htm&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.movementdisorders.org/MDS/Members-Only/Prodromal-PD-Calculator.htm&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;https://www.movementdisorders.org/MDS/Members-Only/Prodromal-PD-Calculator.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(35, 31, 32);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(35, 31, 32);&quot;&gt;Referências:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(35, 31, 32);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(33, 33, 33);&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.26431&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Berg D, Postuma RB, Adler CH, Bloem BR, Chan P, Dubois B, Gasser T, Goetz CG, Halliday G, Joseph L, Lang AE, Liepelt-Scarfone I, Litvan I, Marek K, Obeso J, Oertel W, Olanow CW, Poewe W, Stern M, Deuschl G. MDS research criteria for prodromal Parkinson&#39;s disease. Mov Disord. 2015 Oct;30(12):1600-11. doi: 10.1002/mds.26431. PMID: 26474317.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(33, 33, 33);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: start;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(33, 33, 33);&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27802&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Heinzel S, Berg D, Gasser T, Chen H, Yao C, Postuma RB; MDS Task Force on the Definition of Parkinson&#39;s Disease. Update of the MDS research criteria for prodromal Parkinson&#39;s disease. Mov Disord. 2019 Oct;34(10):1464-1470. doi: 10.1002/mds.27802. Epub 2019 Aug 14. PMID: 31412427.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Observação&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;importante a respeito da calculadora de risco de PD prodrômica da MDS:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Todo o uso dos recursos fornecidos no site da MDS é de responsabilidade exclusiva do usuário. Qualquer usuário da &lt;i&gt;Prodromal PD Calculator&lt;/i&gt;, ou as informações obtidas através do uso da ferramenta, por meio deste, renuncia e libera o MDS de e contra toda e qualquer responsabilidade relacionada a tal uso. Qualquer usuário que não concorde com o exposto não deve usar e não tem permissão para usar a ferramenta.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/1159130986142615523'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/1159130986142615523'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/doenca-de-parkinson-prodromica.html' title='Doença de Parkinson prodrômica - critérios para uso em pesquisa clinica'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-7141385174308351900</id><published>2022-06-28T16:28:00.006-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T16:28:35.994-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Ultrassonografia transcraniana do mesencéfalo e núcleos da base na doença de Parkinson</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;O uso do ultrassom transcraniano (TCS) com o intuito de diagnóstico da doença de Parkinson foi reportado pela primeira vez em 1995, por Becker e colaboradores. Em geral&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;, 90% dos pacientes com DP mostram aumento da área hiperecogênica da substância negra, quando comparados a controles da mesma faixa etária. Um dos desafios para a implementação desta técnica, por meio de uma janela acústica transtemporal, é a obtenção de uma imagem de boa resolução espacial. Em geral é necessário um aparelho com transdutor (sonda) setorial (phased-array) na frequência entre 2-3MHz, profundidade de penetração de 14-16cm, poder de amplificação de contorno moderado a alto. Pode haver necessidade de ajustes de brilho e ganho do sinal, com processamento que suprima sinais de baixa ecogenicidade.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Técnica de insonação&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O transdutor deve ser posicionado na linha orbito-meatal, no plano mesencefálico, com o fim de se delimitar o mesencéfalo, hipoecogênico, com seu formato de borboleta, circundado pelas cisternas basais hiperecogênicas. Com a inclinação superior em 10-20 graus do transdutor, é possível também determinar o plano talâmico, onde são identificados o terceiro ventrículo, os cornos anteriores dos ventrículos laterais, e os núcleos lentiformes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;A hiperecogenicidade da substância negra, achado típico da DP, é definida a partir da mensuração da área hiperecogênica no pedúnculo cerebral &lt;u&gt;ipsilateral&lt;/u&gt; ao lado insonado. A SN é chamada de hiperecogênica quando encontrados valores de área maiores que 22-25 mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;Entre as vantagens do uso do TCS para o diagnóstico diferencial da DP estão: disponibilidade quase universal, pequena demanda de tempo para realização do exame, baixo custo e baixa invasividade.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Referências&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: 26pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(33, 33, 33); color: #212121; text-indent: 0px;&quot;&gt;Becker G, Seufert J, Bogdahn U, Reichmann H, Reiners K. Degeneration of substantia nigra in chronic Parkinson&#39;s disease visualized by transcranial color-coded real-time sonography. Neurology. 1995 Jan;45(1):182-4. doi: 10.1212/wnl.45.1.182. PMID: 7824114.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(33, 33, 33); color: #212121; text-indent: 0px;&quot;&gt;Berg D, Becker G. Perspectives of B-mode transcranial ultrasound. Neuroimage. 2002 Mar;15(3):463-73. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2001.1014. PMID: 11848690.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(33, 33, 33); color: #212121; text-indent: 0px;&quot;&gt;Becker G, Berg D. Neuroimaging in basal ganglia disorders: perspectives for transcranial ultrasound. Mov Disord. 2001 Jan;16(1):23-32. doi: 10.1002/1531-8257(200101)16:1&amp;lt;23::aid-mds1003&amp;gt;3.0.co;2-2. PMID: 11215589.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(33, 33, 33); color: #212121; text-indent: 0px;&quot;&gt;Walter U. Transcranial brain sonography findings in Parkinson&#39;s disease: implications for pathogenesis, early diagnosis and therapy. Expert Rev Neurother. 2009 Jun;9(6):835-46. doi: 10.1586/ern.09.41. PMID: 19496687.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/7141385174308351900'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/7141385174308351900'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/ultrassonografia-transcraniana-do.html' title='Ultrassonografia transcraniana do mesencéfalo e núcleos da base na doença de Parkinson'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-6801963738514792758</id><published>2022-06-28T10:46:00.003-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-29T05:04:23.237-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve na Doença de Parkinson</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Abaixo descrevo o resumo de minha tese de doutorado.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESUMO ABREVIADO&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Em um estudo clínico, cognitivo e de neuroimagem estrutural de delineamento observacional e transversal, investigamos substratos biológicos estruturais cerebrais e características não motoras em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson em estágio Hoehn &amp;amp; Yahr I e II&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;(36,2% com comprometimento cognitivo leve – DP-CCL) e controles. Os pacientes com DP-CCL mostraram mais sintomas axiais, alucinações, apatia, sonolência excessiva. Sob o ponto de vista estrutural cerebral, mostramos envolvimento dos giros supramarginal, temporal superior e fusiforme; do hipocampo (CA1 e subículo); dos fasc. longitudinal superior, talâmico superior, óptico e fronto-occipital inferior. O estudo confirma haver maior vulnerabilidade de regiões posteriores cerebrais, em indivíduos com DP e comprometimento cognitivo leve.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;RESUMO COMPLETO&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;O declínio cognitivo é uma das manifestações mais incapacitantes da doença de Parkinson (DP). Apesar de avanços na descrição de sua história natural, há dificuldades em definir biomarcadores de estado que se correlacionem robustamente com as manifestações clínicas e cognitivas. O estudo buscou descrever correlatos clínicos, neuropsicológicos e de neuroimagem de comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) em pacientes com DP em estágios Hoehn &amp;amp; Yahr (HY) 1 e 2. Em um delineamento transversal observacional, foram avaliados pacientes com DP (n=69) e controles (n=15) com uma bateria neuropsicológica abrangente. A bateria incluiu: Escala de Avaliação Cognitiva da doença de Parkinson (PD-CRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Extensão de dígitos direta e inversa, Teste de Semelhanças, Modalidades Símbolo- Dígito (SDMT), Teste das trilhas parte A e B (TMT-A, TMT-B), Bateria Automatizada de Testes Neuropsicológicos de Cambridge (CANTAB), Escala de Avaliação Funcional Cognitiva da doença de Parkinson (PD- CFRS). Os grupos também foram avaliados quanto aos sintomas motores, com a Escala Unificada de Avaliação da Doença de Parkinson (MDS-UPDRS, parte 3), e de sintomas não motores, com a MDS-UPDRS (parte 1), Escala de Sintomas Não Motores (NMSS), Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI), Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS), Escala de Sono da doença de Parkinson (PDSS- BR), e o Questionário de Triagem para Sintomas de Transtorno comportamental do sono REM (RBDSQ-BR). Uma subamostra (n=64) realizou Ressonância Magnética (RM) cerebral, com análise de segmentação hipocampal, volumes da superfície cortical e medidas de tensor de difusão (DTI) por estatística espacial baseada em tratos (TBSS) e tratometria, em modelos ajustados para variáveis de confundimento, como idade, sexo, escolaridade, gravidade dos sintomas motores e volume intracraniano. DP- CCL foi definido conforme uma aproximação das recomendações da MDS. Os indivíduos com DP (n=69) foram organizados em dois grupos: 36,2% (n=25) no grupo DP-CCL, e 73,8% (n=44) no grupo com DP e cognição intacta (DP- CI). O grupo DP-CCL demostrou mais sintomas motores axiais, apatia, irritabilidade, alucinações, sonolência diurna, desregulação dopaminérgica e distúrbios motores noturnos (dor e distonia). A frequência dos subtipos tremor- dominante (TD) e instabilidade postural-distúrbio de marcha (PIGD), e de transtorno do sono REM, não diferiu entre os grupos com DP. Pacientes com DP mostraram sintomas depressivos e ansiosos mais intensos que o grupo controle. O grupo com DP mostrou desempenho inferior em testes executivos, como torre de Londres e TMT (B-A), de abstração (Semelhanças), e testes de memória de reconhecimento visual e espacial (Aprendizado Pareado Associado e Reconhecimento de Padrões). O volume da porção central do corpo caloso diferiu entre DP-CCL e controles. O grupo DP-CCL apresentou menores volumes de subcampos do hipocampo: camada molecular, região CA1, subículo e pré-subículo. Houve contrastes nos volumes corticais independentemente da idade, sexo, escolaridade e MDS-UPDRS-3, no giros supramarginal e temporal superior (DP-CCL vs. DP-CI) à esquerda, e no giro fusiforme e em áreas temporais inferiores à direita (DP-CCL vs. controle). Mudanças de integridade microestrutural foram encontradas nas radiações talâmicas superiores, radiações ópticas, feixe fronto-occipital inferior e fascículo longitudinal superior I, no grupo DP-CCL. O estudo complementa os modelos de disseminação neuroanatômica da atrofia na DP. Demonstrou-se redução volumétrica de subcampos da formação hipocampal (CA1, complexo subicular e camada molecular), que ocorre nos estágios HY1-2, ainda com cognição intacta. O declínio cognitivo inicial inclui envolvimento cortical posterior (córtex parietal, giros fusiforme e temporal inferior). Os resultados indicaram haver vulnerabilidade seletiva dos feixes de substância branca que se direcionam ao lobo occipital, ou conectam regiões pré- frontais às parietais, ligando o DP-CCL às regiões cerebrais posteriores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Link&amp;nbsp;para a tese completa:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #f9f2f4; caret-color: rgb(199, 37, 78); color: #c7254e; white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/43017&quot;&gt;https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/43017&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Imagens-chave:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcQVMqLnKn029uQJxAgKsGdLfvCv9P_Ddom76gpSS8scdFov1385ujLpDoX6S9uInBfQSPyEzUr7SZvHarlpf24jbujCIb3L9ddakIeEaAydtjaOeRhl2jJzwqFsqRd946pf2fRXoSZ5AT_xcTx7729GteWVtlNc3xOSKipT7nqUja67XSgFxv3X01rA/s640/Figura-28-Analise-baseada-em-voxels-TBSS-da-difusividade-axial-AD-no-cerebro_W640.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;147&quot; data-original-width=&quot;640&quot; height=&quot;131&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcQVMqLnKn029uQJxAgKsGdLfvCv9P_Ddom76gpSS8scdFov1385ujLpDoX6S9uInBfQSPyEzUr7SZvHarlpf24jbujCIb3L9ddakIeEaAydtjaOeRhl2jJzwqFsqRd946pf2fRXoSZ5AT_xcTx7729GteWVtlNc3xOSKipT7nqUja67XSgFxv3X01rA/w571-h131/Figura-28-Analise-baseada-em-voxels-TBSS-da-difusividade-axial-AD-no-cerebro_W640.jpg&quot; width=&quot;571&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeGmAO7_N3tSLYH8GYFQSsQZynqXV5nYrJfZ-DX-YKAd-86yuzijQXTJjBxxfMsaMyVu_pUViXEMhUG-JJ3SGykt21G89fr26T-AoRXm72JkJztAeIwNo9vAAX157-OSdB_9wO-i_jaU5IHm9CEMJ-ycBFhsyKfo6j91236Gdfn0FjJYAL6hzgzY1w9g/s640/Figura-29-Grafico-com-representacao-tridimensional-das-diferencas-de-Difusividade-media_W640.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;476&quot; data-original-width=&quot;640&quot; height=&quot;416&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeGmAO7_N3tSLYH8GYFQSsQZynqXV5nYrJfZ-DX-YKAd-86yuzijQXTJjBxxfMsaMyVu_pUViXEMhUG-JJ3SGykt21G89fr26T-AoRXm72JkJztAeIwNo9vAAX157-OSdB_9wO-i_jaU5IHm9CEMJ-ycBFhsyKfo6j91236Gdfn0FjJYAL6hzgzY1w9g/w560-h416/Figura-29-Grafico-com-representacao-tridimensional-das-diferencas-de-Difusividade-media_W640.jpg&quot; width=&quot;560&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtmqvw0ze9eSgJyvUN1s9I5HDDf99kxzbrFkXtMepFKzg6-3OGEEM97Ydgk61Qgn6BO4mCC_pGF-BHZlmtusjjkk28vt69r4QZOR8o-JvJT0GNwrYOqWtC7f2j1AWNfZhU9axfnFMkvBKPoqwF6xr7w6Z8ZI0aj2de-eKnkYZ7EHA927WmXGkJ213Jig/s640/Figura-40-Analise-vertice-a-vertice-apresenta-um-mapa-de-p-valores-demonstrando_W640.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;543&quot; data-original-width=&quot;640&quot; height=&quot;467&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtmqvw0ze9eSgJyvUN1s9I5HDDf99kxzbrFkXtMepFKzg6-3OGEEM97Ydgk61Qgn6BO4mCC_pGF-BHZlmtusjjkk28vt69r4QZOR8o-JvJT0GNwrYOqWtC7f2j1AWNfZhU9axfnFMkvBKPoqwF6xr7w6Z8ZI0aj2de-eKnkYZ7EHA927WmXGkJ213Jig/w549-h467/Figura-40-Analise-vertice-a-vertice-apresenta-um-mapa-de-p-valores-demonstrando_W640.jpg&quot; width=&quot;549&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;&quot;&gt;Cognitive impairment is one of the most disabling manifestations of Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD). Despite advances in the description of its natural history, there are still difficulties in defining state biomarkers that are robustly correlated with clinical and cognitive manifestations. The study sought to describe the clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging correlates of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with PD in Hoehn &amp;amp; Yahr (HY) stages I and II. From a cross-sectional observational study, we evaluated Parkinson&#39;s patients (n=69) and controls (n=15) using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The battery included: Parkinson&#39;s Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Forward and Backwards Digit Span, Similarities (WAIS), Symbol-Digit Modalities (SDMT), Trail Making Test Parts A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B), Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB), Parkinson&#39;s Disease-Cognitive Functional Assessment Scale (PD-CFRS). The groups were also assessed for motor symptoms with the Unified Parkinson&#39;s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS, part 3), and for non-motor symptoms with the MDS-UPDRS (part 1), Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Parkinson&#39;s Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS-BR), and Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ-BR). A subsample performed quantitative brain MRI, with analysis of hippocampal segmentation, cortical surface volumes and analysis of DTI metrics using tractometry and FSL-TBSS, using generalized linear models adjusted for confounding variables such as age, gender, education, severity of motor symptoms and intracranial volume. PD-MCI was defined according to an approximation of the MDS recommendations as suggested by Pereira et al., 2014 and Goldman et al., 2015. Subjects with PD (n=69) were organized into two groups: 36.2% (n=25) in PD-MCI group, and 73.8% (n=44) in the group with PD and intact cognition (PD-IC). The PD-MCI group showed more axial motor symptoms, apathy, irritability, hallucinations, daytime sleepiness, dopaminergic dysregulation, and nocturnal motor disturbances (pain and dystonia). The frequency of tremor dominant (TD) and postural instability- gait disorder (PIGD) subtypes and REM sleep behavior disorder did not differ between PD groups. The PD patient group showed more intense depressive and anxiety symptoms than controls. The PD group underperformed on executive tests, including Stockings of Cambridge, TMT (B-A), abstraction (Similarities), visual and spatial recognition memory tests (Paired Associates Learning and Pattern Recognition Memory). The volume of the central subsection of the corpus callosum differed between the PD-MCI and control groups. The PD-MCI group had smaller volumes of hippocampal subfields: molecular layer, CA1, subiculum and pre-subiculum. There were differences in cortical volumes, regardless of age, education, and severity of motor symptoms, on the left hemisphere, in the supramarginal and superior temporal gyri (PD-MCI vs. PD-IC); and in the right fusiform gyrus and inferior temporal areas (PD- MCI vs. controls). Changes in DTI scalars were found in the right hemisphere, in the superior thalamic radiations, optic radiations, inferior fronto-occipital bundle, and superior longitudinal fasciculus I in the PD-MCI group. Our study complements models for the neuroanatomical spread of atrophy in PD. It demonstrated volumetric reduction of subfields of the hippocampal formation (CA1, subicular complex and molecular layer), which occurs in stages HY 1-2, when patients still have PD-IC. Early cognitive decline includes posterior cortical involvement (parietal cortex, fusiform and inferior temporal gyrus). The results indicate a selective vulnerability of the white matter bundles that address the occipital lobe, or connect prefrontal to parietal regions, linking PD-MCI to the posterior brain regions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Referência&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;BRANDÃO, Pedro Renato de Paula. Comprometimento cognitivo na doença de Parkinson: correlatos clínicos, neuropsicológicos e de neuroimagem. 2021. 292 f., il. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) — Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2021.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Orientadora: Maria Clotilde Henriques Tavares&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Co-orientador: Francisco Eduardo Costa Cardoso&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/6801963738514792758'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/6801963738514792758'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/comprometimento-cognitivo-leve-na.html' title='Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve na Doença de Parkinson'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcQVMqLnKn029uQJxAgKsGdLfvCv9P_Ddom76gpSS8scdFov1385ujLpDoX6S9uInBfQSPyEzUr7SZvHarlpf24jbujCIb3L9ddakIeEaAydtjaOeRhl2jJzwqFsqRd946pf2fRXoSZ5AT_xcTx7729GteWVtlNc3xOSKipT7nqUja67XSgFxv3X01rA/s72-w571-h131-c/Figura-28-Analise-baseada-em-voxels-TBSS-da-difusividade-axial-AD-no-cerebro_W640.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-159539317538794080</id><published>2022-06-28T08:36:00.003-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T10:32:48.967-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Transtornos do Movimento: quais são os principais?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;O sistema motor chamado &lt;i&gt;extrapiramidal&lt;/i&gt; é um sistema altamente complexo que compreende e relaciona estruturas corticais e subcorticais do cérebro e regiões do tronco encefálico. No córtex cerebral a sua representação maior está localizada no lobo frontal, nas regiões pré-motoras, em frente do córtex motor primário (giro pré-central). Os centros subcorticais mais representativos são: os núcleos da base (núcleo caudado, putamen, globo pálido), substância negra, tálamo, núcleo subtalâmico, núcleo rubro, núcleo pedúnculo pontino. Entre estas regiões estabelecem-se circuitos em &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;loop&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt; cortico-subcortico-corticais e destes centros projetam-se vias descendentes que, por não atravessarem as pirâmides bulbares, foram agrupadas sob a designação de vias extrapiramidais e deram nome ao sistema.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Essa denominação, &lt;i&gt;extrapiramidal&lt;/i&gt;, no entanto, tem caído em desuso com o crescimento exponencial do conhecimento sobre a fisiologia e a fisiopatologia das doenças que envolvem esses circuitos. Está bem estabelecido, tendo em vista estudos neurofisiológicos e de observação anátomo-patológica, que os núcleos da base interferem na regulação dos movimentos, principalmente dos movimentos automáticos e posturais e participa da regulação do tônus muscular.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;A &lt;b&gt;síndrome parkinsoniana&lt;/b&gt;, da doença de Parkinson e dos parkinsonismos sintomáticos e atípicos, é o protótipo de síndrome hipocinética. Caracteriza-se fundamentalmente pela tríade - bradicinesia, rigidez (em roda-denteada ou cano de chumbo) e tremor de repouso. Pode ser determinada por lesão pós-sináptica ao sistema dopaminérgico (nos próprios núcleos da base, como o putamen e o caudado), e, na doença de Parkinson idiopática, é essencial o acometimento da substância negra. A acinesia empresta ao quadro a fácies característica, hipomímica, em máscara, junto à pobreza e lentidão dos movimentos (perda de amplitude e de ritmicidade) voluntários.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Além do quadro parkinsoniano, várias outras síndromes são observadas na prática clínica. Dividem-se os transtornos do movimento, para fins didáticos, em duas classes: transtorno do movimento &lt;b&gt;hipocinéticos&lt;/b&gt;, quando há pobreza de movimentos, e &lt;b&gt;hipercinéticos&lt;/b&gt;, quando há movimentos involuntários excessivos. Vale a pena destacar algumas das síndromes hipercinéticas, a seguir.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;A síndrome coréica (&lt;b&gt;coréia&lt;/b&gt;) é caracterizada por movimentos involuntários, aleatórios, que fluem de uma parte do corpo a outra, frequentemente acompanhados de hipotonia.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;A &lt;b&gt;atetose &lt;/b&gt;é caracterizada por movimentação lenta e pouco ampla, localizada principalmente nas mãos, lembrando os movimentos de tentáculos de um polvo.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;O &lt;b&gt;balismo&lt;/b&gt;, espécie de movimento coreico de grande amplitude, com envolvimento proximal dos membros, que frequentemente afeta apenas um hemicorpo o que projeta os membros para os lados continuamente. Não raro ocorre por lesão direta do núcleo subtalâmico em um acidente cérebro-vascular, ou por hiperglicemia extrema, no estado hiperosmolar não cetótico diabético, na hemicoreia-hemibalismo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Segundo a definição do consenso sobre distonias da Movement Disorders Society (2013), a &lt;b&gt;distonia &lt;/b&gt;é um distúrbio do movimento caracterizado por contrações musculares sustentadas ou intermitentes, causando movimentos e posturas anormais, geralmente repetitivos, ou ambos. Os movimentos distônicos são tipicamente padronizados (estereotipados), de torção e podem ser trêmulos. A distonia é frequentemente iniciada ou agravada por ação voluntária e associada à ativação explosiva do músculo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;Mioclonia &lt;/b&gt;é uma contração muscular breve, involuntária e irregular (sem ritmo) de um músculo ou grupo de músculos. Essas contrações, ou espasmos mioclônicos, são geralmente causadas por contrações musculares repentinas (&lt;i&gt;mioclonia positiva&lt;/i&gt;) ou breves lapsos de contração (&lt;i&gt;mioclonia negativa&lt;/i&gt;). A circunstância mais comum em que ocorrem é ao adormecer (mioclonia hípnica). As mioclonias ocorrem frequentemente em pessoas saudáveis e são experimentadas ocasionalmente por todos. No entanto, quando aparecem com mais persistência e se espalham, podem ser um sinal de vários distúrbios neurológicos, em praticamente qualquer ponto do sistema nervoso central (cortical, subcortical, tronco encefálico, medular, periférico).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/159539317538794080'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/159539317538794080'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/transtornos-do-movimento-quais-sao-os.html' title='Transtornos do Movimento: quais são os principais?'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-2437218054930531769</id><published>2022-06-28T08:29:00.029-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T08:50:23.683-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Demência com corpos de Lewy: critérios diagnósticos do Quarto consórcio internacional</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Introdução&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Em 2017, o grupo liderado por Ian Mckeith revisou os critérios diagnósticos clínicos para demência com corpos de Lewy (DCL) publicados inicialmente no periódico Neurology, em 2005.Houve importantes novidades nos novos critérios: foi aumentada a importância dada ao transtorno comportamental do sono REM e à cintilografia cardíaca com MIBG. Há uma nítida necessidade de se compreender melhor a neurobiologia e fisiopatologia da doença, e de esclarecer as suas diferenças e semelhanças com a demência da doença de Parkinson.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Novos critérios diagnósticos (McKeith et al., 2017)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Critério essencial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Presença de demência, definida como um declínio cognitivo progressivo de magnitude suficiente para interferir com a função ocupacional ou social normal, ou com as atividades cotidianas. Déficit persistente ou proeminentte de memória não é necessário nos estágios iniciais, mas geralmente é evidente com a progressão. Déficits em testes de atenção, funções executivas e habilidades visuoespaciais podem ser proeminentes e ocorrem precocemente.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Características clínicas centrais (as primeiras três ocorrem precocemente e podem persistir durante a história natural da doença)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cognição flutuante com variações pronunciadas na atenção e no nível de alerta;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Alucinações visuais recorrentes, tipicamente bem formadas e detalhadas;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Transtorno comportamental do sono REM, que deve preceder o declínio cognitivo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Um ou mais sintomas cardinais de parkinsonismo espontâneo: bradicinesia, tremor de repouso ou rigidez.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Características clínicas de suporte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Sensibilidade importante a agentes antipsicóticos,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;instabilidade postural,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;quedas repetitivas,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;síncopes ou outros episódios transitórios de irresponsividade,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;disfunção autonômica grave (por exemplo, constipação, hipotensão ortostática, incontinência urinária),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;hipersônia,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;hiposmia,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;alucinações em outras modalidades sensoriais,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;delírios sistemáticos,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;apatia,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt; ansiedade,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;depressão.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Biomarcadores indicativos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Redução na captação de radiotraçadores de transportador de dopamina nos núcleos da base demonstrada por SPECT ou PET;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cintilografia miocárdica com 123I-MIBG anormal (baixa captação);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Confirmação polissonográfica de sono REM sem atonia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Biomarcadores de suporte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Relativa preservação das estruturas do lobo temporal medial na CT ou na RM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Baixa perfusão ou baixo metabolismo generalizado no PET/SPECT com redução da atividade do lobo occipital com ou sem o sinal da ilha cingular no FDG-PET;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Atividade eletroencefalográfica lenta proeminente na região posterior com flutuações periódicas na faixa pré-alfa/teta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;DCL prováve&lt;/b&gt;l pode ser diagnosticada se houver:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;2 ou mais critérios centrais com ou sem os biomarcadores indicativos;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Somente um critério central está presente, mas há um ou mais biomarcadores indicativos;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Obs.: DCL provável não deve diagnosticada baseada apenas em biomarcadores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;DCL possível&lt;/b&gt; pode ser diagosticada se houver:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Apenas 1 característica clínica central, sem evidente de biomarcador indicativo; ou&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Um ou mais biomarcadores indicativos estiver presente mas não houver critérios clínicos centrais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;DCL é menos provável:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Na presença de outra doença física ou cerebral, como doença cerebrovascular, em intensidade suficiente para justificar o quadro clínico em parte ou totalmente; apesar de isso não excluir a possibilidade de DCL, serve para indicar haver múltiplas patologias contribuindo para a apresentação clínica ou&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Se os sinais parkinsonisanos forem a única característica clínica central e aparecerem pela primeira vez em um estágio demencial severo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Observação importante&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;A DCL deve ser diagnosticada quando a demência ocorrer antes ou concomitantemente ao parkinsonismo. O termo demência da doença de Parkinson (DDP) deve ser usado para descrever a demência que ocorre no contexto de uma doença de Parkinson bem estabelecida. Na prática clínica, o termo mais apropriado para o contexto deve ser usado e termos genéricos como doença por corpos de Lewy são frequentemente úteis. Em pesquisa clínica, quando houver necessidade de distinção entre casos de DCL e DDP, a regra anterior de &quot;1 ano entre o início da demência e o parkinsonismo&quot; continua a ser recomendada.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Referências&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;McKeith IG, Boeve BF, Dickson DW, et al. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: Fourth consensus report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology. 2017;89(1): 88-100&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;McKeith IG, Dickson DW, Lowe J, et al. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: third report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology. 2005;65(12): 1863-72&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jellinger KA, Korczyn AD. Are dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson&#39;s disease dementia the same disease?. BMC Med. 2018;16(1): 34 Published March 6, 2018. doi:10.1186/s12916-018-1016-8&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;ATENÇÃO&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Este conteúdo também está disponível na página do Grupo de Estudos em Transtornos do Movimento de Brasília (&lt;a href=&quot;#&quot;&gt;www.getmov.net&lt;/a&gt;), mantida pelo mesmo autor (Pedro Brandão).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/2437218054930531769'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/2437218054930531769'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/demencia-com-corpos-de-lewy-criterios.html' title='Demência com corpos de Lewy: critérios diagnósticos do Quarto consórcio internacional'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-7767461339882795149</id><published>2022-06-28T08:17:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T08:17:21.756-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Variantes da Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB)</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;7f0f2cb1-8ff2-4a1d-aebe-d22e9f618bef&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;Polineuropatia desmielinizante inflamatória aguda (PIDA, AIDP em inglês)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;PIDA é a forma mais comum no ocidente (90%) Tipicamente apresenta-se com fraqueza muscular progressiva e bastante simétrica acompanhada por hipo-arreflexia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;681c1c9a-68dd-41c3-9e7e-4809d1487b11&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;8ccc2c72-ffbd-4eb6-96b8-c31dbad86aa7&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;Neuropatia axonal motora aguda (NAMA, AMAN em inglês)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;681c1c9a-68dd-41c3-9e7e-4809d1487b11&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;8ccc2c72-ffbd-4eb6-96b8-c31dbad86aa7&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;681c1c9a-68dd-41c3-9e7e-4809d1487b11&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Trata-se de forma axonal aguda de SGB, reconhecida inicialmente em 1986. A maioria dos casos é precedida por infecção por &lt;i&gt;Campylobacter jejuni&lt;/i&gt;. É mais comum na Ásia, em jovens, e respeita certa sazonalidade, sendo mais comum no verão.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;420d340b-5b55-4217-8e5c-da71da96754b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Nessa variante, os nervos sensitivos não são afetados, e pode haver preservação de reflexos. Na ENMG, as amplitudes motoras distais são baixas inicialmente, mas podem aumentar rapidamente com a recuperação da função; refletindo provável falha de condução reversível, possivelmente no terminal motor ou nodo de Ranvier.&lt;br data-index=&quot;f182d00d-4283-414f-9699-7cd9edb35ac0&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;420d340b-5b55-4217-8e5c-da71da96754b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;30f75eff-ac30-4e64-abc1-f075126cdf1f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;02dc6d1c-4647-4263-bd20-12e7940eb931&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;Neuropatia axonal motora e sensorial aguda&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;(NAMSA, AMSAN em inglês)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;30f75eff-ac30-4e64-abc1-f075126cdf1f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;30f75eff-ac30-4e64-abc1-f075126cdf1f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;AMSAN é uma forma mais grave de SGB, em que há envolvimento tanto de fibras sensoriais quanto motoras, com degeneração axonal acentuada. Geralmente há uma recuperação tardia e incompleta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;30f75eff-ac30-4e64-abc1-f075126cdf1f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0b9bf40d-d6f5-4c91-b267-4563edd4e1dd&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;dff5f91b-b654-4807-9062-8cd4ed3dde19&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;Síndrome de Miller Fisher (SMF)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0b9bf40d-d6f5-4c91-b267-4563edd4e1dd&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;dff5f91b-b654-4807-9062-8cd4ed3dde19&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0b9bf40d-d6f5-4c91-b267-4563edd4e1dd&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A apresentação típica da SMF é a oftalmoplegia com ataxia e arreflexia. É comum a associação com anticorpos anti-gangliosídeos GQ1b (80-90% dos casos). ENMG mostra respostas sensoriais reduzidas ou ausentes, sem redução das velocidades de condução sensoriais. Há formas clínicas com apresentação incompleta, com oftalmoplegia sem ataxia e com neuropatia atáxica sensorial sem olftalmoplegia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0b9bf40d-d6f5-4c91-b267-4563edd4e1dd&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;7f650c55-2ec1-4c6d-9978-1faa579bc107&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;849ab9cc-5d75-4eb3-aa9c-59a70d167053&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;Encefalite de Bickerstaff&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;7f650c55-2ec1-4c6d-9978-1faa579bc107&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;849ab9cc-5d75-4eb3-aa9c-59a70d167053&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;7f650c55-2ec1-4c6d-9978-1faa579bc107&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Trata-se de uma encefalite do tronco encefálico caracterizada por encefalopatia e hiperreflexia somasa a características da SMF, como oftalmoplegia e ataxia. Faz parte do espectro da síndrome anti-GQ1b.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;7f650c55-2ec1-4c6d-9978-1faa579bc107&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5b140edd-ab11-4ffa-8dc4-dc709f76cedf&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;ce1251a2-d7a8-4452-9e18-34fcdeb5c757&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;Paralisia faringo-cervico-braquial&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5b140edd-ab11-4ffa-8dc4-dc709f76cedf&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;ce1251a2-d7a8-4452-9e18-34fcdeb5c757&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5b140edd-ab11-4ffa-8dc4-dc709f76cedf&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A variante faríngo-cervico-braquial da SGB é caracterizada por fraqueza aguda dos músculos orofaríngeos, do pescoço e ombro somadas a disfagia. Acredita-se de seja uma forma axonal localizada de SGB.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5b140edd-ab11-4ffa-8dc4-dc709f76cedf&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0c046c80-164b-485f-b364-2fa27564b1ce&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;c03e5301-333c-43a6-9280-d18cb40e9a8d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;Variante paraparética&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0c046c80-164b-485f-b364-2fa27564b1ce&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0c046c80-164b-485f-b364-2fa27564b1ce&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Variante leve de SGB em que a fraqueza é restrita aos membros inferiores. A maior parte dos pacientes com esta variante tem hiporreflexia e anormalidades de condução também nos membros superiores.&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/7767461339882795149'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/7767461339882795149'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/variantes-da-sindrome-de-guillain-barre.html' title='Variantes da Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB)'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-5011481608233660668</id><published>2022-06-28T08:14:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T08:14:21.867-07:00</updated><title type='text'>SÍNDROME ISQUÊMICAS CEREBRAIS DEFINIDAS POR TERRITÓRIO VASCULAR - ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;b data-index=&quot;370f8469-6190-45eb-b7ba-28529a4b735b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-line: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;1. Informações fundamentais (conceitos)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;370f8469-6190-45eb-b7ba-28529a4b735b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-line: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;370f8469-6190-45eb-b7ba-28529a4b735b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-line: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;Acidente vascular cerebral(AVC)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-index=&quot;abb7fee8-065e-4442-8311-c5202115602a&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: sectionFour 0; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: initial; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; padding: 16.5pt 0px 16.5pt 40px; text-decoration-line: initial;&quot;&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;a991eaa8-fb5e-4698-b79e-6da3555c9501&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;O AVC é classicamente caracterizado como um déficit neurológico atribuído a uma lesão focal aguda do sistema nervoso central (SNC) por uma causa vascular, incluindo infarto cerebral, hemorragia intracerebral (HIC) e hemorragia subaracnóidea (HSA), e é uma das principais causas de incapacidade e morte em todo o mundo.&lt;br data-index=&quot;8d979464-c1c1-4383-9b1b-60eae96c5835&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;e28352d4-532c-4284-8c61-1daab9eb4749&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Definição de infarto do SNC: O infarto do SNC é a morte de células cerebrais, da medula espinhal ou retinianas atribuível à isquemia, com base em:&lt;br data-index=&quot;08a093d9-c2dc-43ea-9cf0-2f85299cbd3f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;b8c13541-909a-4127-b307-5cd8c5918115&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;(1) evidência patológica, de imagem ou outra evidência objetiva de lesão isquêmica focal cerebral, medular ou retiniana em uma distribuição vascular definida; ou&lt;br data-index=&quot;ba730ea8-7701-40dd-bc61-2745c0e27b9f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;212b134a-b1a4-4af2-90c7-ab37aabe56e4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;(2). evidência clínica de lesão isquêmica focal cerebral, da medula espinhal ou da retina com base em sintomas que persistem ≥24 horas ou até a morte e outras etiologias excluídas.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br data-index=&quot;8583ca9f-2f18-4398-9dc4-3a94ceb140b0&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4858fd45-c0ac-4b86-9ceb-361ba5b9a968&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Definição de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico: um episódio de disfunção neurológica causada por infarto cerebral, espinhal ou retinal focal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4858fd45-c0ac-4b86-9ceb-361ba5b9a968&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4858fd45-c0ac-4b86-9ceb-361ba5b9a968&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Essas definições foram propostas pela American Heart Association e American Stroke Association em 2013, no seguinte artigo:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4858fd45-c0ac-4b86-9ceb-361ba5b9a968&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4858fd45-c0ac-4b86-9ceb-361ba5b9a968&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #212121; font-family: BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Fira Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Droid Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;&quot;&gt;Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick JP, et al. An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association [published correction appears in Stroke. 2019 Aug;50(8):e239].&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;box-sizing: inherit; color: #212121; font-family: BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Fira Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Droid Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;&quot;&gt;Stroke&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #212121; font-family: BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Fira Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Droid Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;&quot;&gt;. 2013;44(7):2064-2089. doi:10.1161/STR.0b013e318296aeca&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4858fd45-c0ac-4b86-9ceb-361ba5b9a968&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;2d29957c-d834-4d7a-9506-64b4c37edf51&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;O Quadro abaixo resume os principais achados clínicos por território vascular infartado, e serve de guia para determinação da investigação.&lt;br data-index=&quot;8f9335af-61cc-4b62-b895-88497b0189f6&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;361659b3-7a85-430e-9cbd-8282aa37ae30&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;12a5d209-1b89-4162-b153-3f355862ccc0&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;illustration illustration-table&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-illustration-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-illustration-id=&quot;5f98463ff68c87aa41000003&quot; data-illustration-number=&quot;15&quot; data-index=&quot;37649869-99d1-49fa-a282-30697431615f&quot; id=&quot;5f98463ff68c87aa41000003&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 10pt !important; font-style: normal; padding-bottom: 17pt !important; padding-top: 17pt !important;&quot; title=&quot;Clique para editar esta tabela...&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;title&quot; data-category-number=&quot;12&quot; data-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-index=&quot;94b8f975-dd49-41e8-971d-d69722dc26e8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-category&quot; data-index=&quot;6fd846b4-9553-4272-ad14-73dd38763809&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Quadro 12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;—&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a data-index=&quot;2931d52d-2c9d-4c6c-974d-a37e52a36d7e&quot; id=&quot;5f98463ff68c87aa41000003&quot; name=&quot;5f98463ff68c87aa41000003&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Síndrome clínica deficitária vs. território vascular infartado&quot;&gt;Síndrome clínica deficitária vs. território vascular infartado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;d75e24eb-003f-4549-a4c4-babf0664a263&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;quadro&quot; contenteditable=&quot;true&quot; data-index=&quot;66d147fa-82b0-415b-9d0f-7b29c634d4a5&quot; spellcheck=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: sectionOneContent 0; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt; width: 604.734px;&quot;&gt;&lt;thead data-index=&quot;c8a2c6bf-d044-4eec-b86a-ff409f79fe63&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table-header-group;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;0664cb47-a71e-4b87-915a-7cf8f93d1546&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;th data-index=&quot;df811c00-5a70-47b2-9fc3-e8586590ca6e&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px !important; padding: 5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3040&quot;&gt;Território vascular&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th data-index=&quot;64e01156-29ea-409e-9d33-ee0fed831e42&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px !important; padding: 5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3041&quot;&gt;Sintomas e sinais clínicos&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/thead&gt;&lt;tbody data-index=&quot;5d62dc21-a84d-42de-b573-8134d5369334&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;02b5c9d7-106a-482a-8b69-3cba3601d1b4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;7f987659-4211-45a1-bc90-319dbd5802e1&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3042&quot;&gt;Artéria cerebral média (ACM) esquerda (dominante)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;14a3a017-b058-4173-984d-46d5ecc0b992&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3043&quot;&gt;Hemiparesia direita - envolvimento variável da face&amp;nbsp; e extremidade superior e inferior&amp;nbsp; Hemihipoestesia direita em um padrão semelhante ao déficit motor - geralmente envolve todas as modalidades sensoriais,aestereognosia e agrafestesia, confusão esquerda-direita&amp;nbsp; • Hemianopsia homônima direita&amp;nbsp; • Disartria&amp;nbsp; • Afasia, fluente e não fluente&amp;nbsp; • Alexia, Agrafia, Acalculia, Apraxia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;29bd9996-9140-4369-abbd-98c5653f28c8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;81b8f1b2-5db9-44e3-83a5-3680bb4eea0f&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3044&quot;&gt;ACM direita (não dominante)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;f17607c7-ee1b-4c25-97d5-de995db03422&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3045&quot;&gt;Hemiparesia esquerda - mesmo padrão do que quando à direita Hemihipoestesia esquerda - padrão semelhante ao do déficit motor&amp;nbsp; Hemianopsia homônima esquerda - mesmo padrão da direita&amp;nbsp; Disartria&amp;nbsp; Negligência do lado esquerdo do ambiente&amp;nbsp; Anosognosia&amp;nbsp; Assomatognosia&amp;nbsp; Aprosodia Afeto plano&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;5c59bd33-6002-4613-b9f1-bcb49b0338f0&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;9bc1f4d0-230e-48e7-8790-b8d44b6b107a&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3046&quot;&gt;Artéria cerebral anterior (ACA)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;6c93786c-46dd-463b-9572-5cc070cec520&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3047&quot;&gt;Paresia contralateral da perna&amp;gt; Paresia braço&amp;nbsp; Ou fraqueza bilateral nas pernas, se ambas ACAs estiverem envolvidas&amp;nbsp; Abulia, desinibição, disfunção executiva Em alguns casos, mutismo acinético se houver infarto bilateral da cabeça do caudado&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;bae69151-64d5-4d4c-abe1-dce21036ffeb&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;77a603ac-81fb-4b50-a344-10b7110acc32&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3048&quot;&gt;Artéria cerebral posterior&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;caf856bb-e0b9-4159-86c4-96fd14b89789&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3049&quot;&gt;As síndromes mais comuns envolvem o lobo occipital, o&amp;nbsp; lobo temporal medial ou tálamo&amp;nbsp; Lobo occipital:&amp;nbsp; • Hemianopsia homônima contralateral&amp;nbsp; • Cegueira cortical (lesões bilaterais)&amp;nbsp; Lobo temporal medial: • Déficits na memória de longo e curto prazo • Alteração de comportamento (agitação, raiva, paranóia)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Infarto talâmico: - Perda sensorial contralateral - Afasia (se houver envolvimento do lado dominante) - Disfunção executiva - Diminuição do nível de consciência - Comprometimento da memória&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;a1528cb8-1652-4064-b1d2-c2238a58c2a1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;dc06c642-65d0-45af-880a-b297fa786a6a&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3050&quot;&gt;Síndromes de tronco encefálico&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;45ffb2f4-1591-4c8c-87bd-92fddbd71756&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3051&quot;&gt;Há muitas síndromes vasculares de tronco cerebral&amp;nbsp; • Algumas das características clínicas encontradas são:&amp;nbsp; - Achados sensoriais cruzados (por exemplo, face ipsilateral e dormência corporal contralateral)&amp;nbsp; - Achados motores cruzados (face ipsilateral, corpo contralateral)&amp;nbsp; - Nistagmo evocado pelo olhar&amp;nbsp; - Ataxia e vertigem, dismetria de membros&amp;nbsp; - Diplopia e anormalidades dos movimentos oculares&amp;nbsp; - Disartria, disfagia&amp;nbsp; - Desvio de língua&amp;nbsp; - Surdez (muito rara)&amp;nbsp; - Síndrome do encarceramento (locked-in) (não consegue mover nenhum membro, não consegue falar, às vezes pode piscar)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;9fe3a1f8-3977-4fad-a7fd-24efdae5dc74&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;27d82dd9-d88b-411e-ba95-3702898734fd&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3052&quot;&gt;Infarto mesencefálico&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;49ee3823-12d9-4e7f-a445-8e07e57f5bac&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3053&quot;&gt;• Paralisia ipsilateral do terceiro nervo&amp;nbsp; • Hemiparesia contralateral do braço e perna, às vezes com paralisia hemifacial; • Hemiataxia contralateral&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;dc244a0a-155d-487f-b50d-f1ba59f83cb7&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;565ac519-3229-4ad1-a988-f67e7573d65f&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3054&quot;&gt;Infarto pontino&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;d5162306-eaf1-4c18-99a4-ed8c9e1e4d48&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3055&quot;&gt;Sinais ipsilaterais:&amp;nbsp; • síndrome de Horner&amp;nbsp; • paralisia do sexto ou sétimo nervo (diplopia,&amp;nbsp; todo o rosto está fraco)&amp;nbsp; • Perda auditiva (rara)&amp;nbsp; • Perda de dor e temperatura&amp;nbsp; sentido&amp;nbsp; Sinais contralaterais:&amp;nbsp; • Fraqueza na perna e no braço&amp;nbsp; • Perda da sensação no braço e perna&amp;nbsp; Nistagmo, náusea&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;c0cae517-3ee8-419c-aca7-57f7f1f804a2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;101851ec-4eac-4c5f-a941-6301dad86e87&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3056&quot;&gt;Infarto bulbar&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;84108552-c415-4517-8bcb-ccaf79b50ffe&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3057&quot;&gt;Sinais ipsilaterais:&amp;nbsp; • fraqueza na língua&amp;nbsp; • Perda sensorial na face&amp;nbsp; • síndrome de Horner&amp;nbsp; Ataxia&amp;nbsp; • Fraqueza do palato (disfagia)&amp;nbsp; Sinais contralaterais:&amp;nbsp; • Fraqueza, perda sensorial no braço e&amp;nbsp; perna&amp;nbsp; Náusea, nistagmo, disfagia,&amp;nbsp; disartria&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;a3d82bef-d274-4a64-9900-d6ce4219e145&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;68efc72c-8bfd-4bb0-9c0c-226f40d0bab1&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3058&quot;&gt;Infarto cerebelar (Artéria cerebelar superior (ACS), Artéria cerebelar inferior anterior ou posterior (AICA ou PICA))&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;f9051068-34ee-4083-a662-df9beacf22bb&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3059&quot;&gt;• Ataxia, vertigem, náusea, vômito, disartria&amp;nbsp; • Muitas vezes dor de cabeça e nistagmo&amp;nbsp; • Também pode ter rápida deterioração no nível de&amp;nbsp; consciência&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;121d2b81-e6b1-4b7f-8700-f13b0136ad4f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;ce85de53-a604-418d-9810-9f13f5028917&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3060&quot;&gt;Perna posterior da cápsula interna (síndrome lacunar)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;8c4c564c-63ce-4ff4-9e95-e1a732a8d1e7&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3061&quot;&gt;Síndrome motora pura&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;325534ac-6ec4-4387-8e18-18b1d485d20a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;0f5d0c21-99f9-4890-b753-acac4c7bcc88&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3062&quot;&gt;Tálamo (síndrome lacunar)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;b5e931c3-b04b-402b-acd7-caaf680430f3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3063&quot;&gt;Síndrome sensitiva pura&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;a5ff24ab-5213-4476-a81b-ab9c18fb8961&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;01ea34b0-0286-4f34-8bfc-fd26d3425fb8&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3064&quot;&gt;Junção tálamo-capsula&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;af1674ce-bdf8-45ae-ab90-27e93d21b1cb&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3065&quot;&gt;Síndrome sensitivo-motora (sem déficits corticais)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;386a6f4a-ac34-47c5-ae26-e02e08b01317&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;ab8f5b33-5688-41ed-ab42-4d2c10a58181&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3066&quot;&gt;Coroa radiata&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;2347c4c9-9ebd-4dca-9983-28d4f1d1298f&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3067&quot;&gt;Hemiparesia-ataxia (ataxia hemiparética)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;4f58fde6-992d-4c36-afd0-457836a1526a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;d4b021fa-3b08-4e0e-bf8a-5537407f8d9e&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3068&quot;&gt;Ponte, coroa radiata, cápsula interna&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;4bc8f73a-86a5-4598-a534-c3662a8d62d5&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: justify; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;3069&quot;&gt;Disartria-mão desajeitada (dysartria-clumsy hand)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-quote&quot; data-index=&quot;deaa2bbc-c8fb-489d-9dcc-f5aa6f24b48f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;textual-reference&quot; data-index=&quot;92ce006e-55f4-48ae-a90f-8b0f415cc67b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;O autor (2020)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 data-index=&quot;341507cc-99e6-4844-8274-52e78a5cec36&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: sectionFour 0; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: initial; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 16.5pt 0px 16.5pt 40px; text-align: left; text-decoration: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/5011481608233660668'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/5011481608233660668'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/sindrome-isquemicas-cerebrais-definidas.html' title='SÍNDROME ISQUÊMICAS CEREBRAIS DEFINIDAS POR TERRITÓRIO VASCULAR - ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-7915614894797843376</id><published>2022-06-28T08:08:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T08:08:14.866-07:00</updated><title type='text'>SÍNDROME DAS PERNAS INQUIETAS ou DOENÇA DE WILLIS-EKBON</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;b data-index=&quot;58c0480a-c92b-4226-8d99-8edb738ac555&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;1. Informações fundamentais (conceitos)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;dfd32f12-bc9c-4763-85fe-b46b8da2e1d9&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A síndrome das pernas inquietas (SPI), ou doença de Willis-Ekbom, é uma condição neurológica comum, caracterizada por um desejo irresistível de se mover, acompanhado por desconforto sensorial, predominando nos membros inferiores, nos momentos de repouso ou à noite.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;dfd32f12-bc9c-4763-85fe-b46b8da2e1d9&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;b60b9204-12eb-47cc-a420-e3c82d97bb29&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-size: 14.6667px; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;dfd32f12-bc9c-4763-85fe-b46b8da2e1d9&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;b60b9204-12eb-47cc-a420-e3c82d97bb29&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-size: 14.6667px; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;2. Fisiopatologia&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;577f2315-ba69-4f74-9505-bf24d9926fd4&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;b60b9204-12eb-47cc-a420-e3c82d97bb29&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;aebdf2d1-c79c-4b37-bfc2-09d21dbb14ce&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Neuroanatomicamente, parece haver envolvimento de estruturas como áreas corticais e espinhais, núcleos talâmicos (de diversas modalidades sensitivas), centros motores extrapiramidais (núcleos da base), córtices límbicos e cerebelo.&lt;br data-index=&quot;34ace29f-b1f0-4025-bf16-b54ece4f11b8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;7885a95f-20c3-4942-af9f-d4eb4411ca19&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A sua fisiopatologia toma forma no nível farmacológico elementar, incluindo os sistemas dopaminérgico e ferro; no nível orgânico, incluindo os sistemas arterial e nervoso periféricos; e no nível molecular e genético, incluindo proteínas relacionadas a sensibilidade a oxigênio e outras vias genéticas.&lt;br data-index=&quot;cfca3fab-43fd-4a6a-8ffe-c0319f1a0665&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5b0c8287-d431-4292-9d3f-8726e9c8713b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Estudos de neuroimagem funcional do sistema dopaminérgico demonstraram inicialmente baixo potencial de ligação ao receptor D2 de dopamina no estriado, mas os achados têm sido contraditórios nos estudos cintilográficos. Esses estudos mostraram tanto aumento quanto diminuição de ligação ao transportador de dopamina. Isso é interpretado como um sinal de hipervariabilidade circadiana dos níveis de dopamina.&lt;br data-index=&quot;c183fcc3-8ff8-45f4-98e4-6280ddfc71c9&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;8e55b11a-eb1f-43e6-b0ec-14ff196c5007&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Estudos post-mortem mostram níveis reduzidos de beta-endorfina e meta-encefalina nos tálamos de pacientes com SPI, e um dos modelos animais de SPI utiliza o knock-out do gene do receptor mu-opióde, achados que também implicam esse sistema na gênese dos sintomas.&lt;br data-index=&quot;81a1b8af-2950-44b5-8408-0ce8d25eebf5&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;022f4dba-9f61-4f5d-b790-f3e9a61ab96f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Hiperatividade glutamatérgica também tem sido implicada na gênese do estado de hiperalerta, aumentando a excitação tálamo-cortical, e demonstrada por estudo de espectroscopia de prótons.&lt;br data-index=&quot;342b20e6-50f4-45c7-b02e-cbc65823a020&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;f1f51b30-1c78-4dba-a216-707cac24300c&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;0b0d1c7c-482c-44ef-ac2b-0b8f85ee9bf6&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;a00ad081-0851-4370-b68c-c30d909f08b8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;cf11a819-9cf2-49ab-b946-ed835af35f76&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4a1844a6-7cd2-4ba0-8356-1d94bac4d5b9&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;2a255e9b-1cd7-42be-9317-5faabf437e22&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;3. Diagnóstico e critérios diagnósticos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;b17e3bd9-b2c2-4157-9e1e-b4b30ff09ee3&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4a1844a6-7cd2-4ba0-8356-1d94bac4d5b9&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;2a255e9b-1cd7-42be-9317-5faabf437e22&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5fa2f9bd-2b17-497d-9eeb-743254903493&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;O sintoma principal, que dá nome à condição, consiste em um desejo inescapável de se mover, muitas vezes acompanhado de desconforto sensorial2. Há agravamento dos sintomas à noite, ou durante inatividade e ocorre alívio com movimento. Como resultado o sono é importantemente perturbado, e sintomas neuropsiquiátricos como depressão, impulsividade e dificuldades com tomada de decisão são identificáveis.&lt;br data-index=&quot;95e4c7a1-c1f7-4713-86bc-aca2afa48fff&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;a9d044ec-2c2b-4cd5-9329-609622044362&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Os critérios diagnósticos foram revisados recentemente:&lt;br data-index=&quot;636c6601-9ce0-44aa-b315-b59645ff455e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;86359281-1fb8-4628-bb36-667ca06a813f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;(1) Um desejo de mover as pernas geralmente, mas nem sempre, acompanhado ou sentido como causado por sensações desconfortáveis e desagradáveis nas pernas;&lt;br data-index=&quot;548eaecb-c05e-4944-8147-6b95c7b75dc8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;038e0f48-c5f4-4b03-a033-76307e966e0e&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;(2) O desejo de mover as pernas e quaisquer sensações desagradáveis acompanhantes começam ou pioram durante os períodos de repouso ou inatividade, como quando deitado ou sentado;&lt;br data-index=&quot;3eb67f51-ccd4-489e-bdbf-5b5420dcbd56&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;36847bdd-c541-4ed7-a53a-140b5b97cba6&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;(3) O desejo de mover as pernas e quaisquer sensações desagradáveis acompanhantes são parcialmente ou totalmente aliviados pelo movimento, como andar ou alongar, pelo menos enquanto esta atividade persistir;&lt;br data-index=&quot;509c6b39-3b2c-44d7-9659-50cb85988916&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;59b830c2-8550-47ad-be2d-348482b666ba&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;(4) O desejo de mover as pernas e quaisquer sensações desagradáveis acompanhantes durante o repouso ou a inatividade só ocorrem à noite ou ou são piores à noite;&lt;br data-index=&quot;9043ee58-d4cb-400f-8cff-464ea2b8d70e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;73059780-1dcb-47f0-a186-46cd93af6532&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;(5) As ocorrências das características acima não são contabilizadas apenas como sintomas primários para outra condição médica ou comportamental (por exemplo, mialgia, estase venosa, edema da perna, artrite, cãibras nas pernas, desconforto posicional, toque habitual no pé).&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/7915614894797843376'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/7915614894797843376'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/sindrome-das-pernas-inquietas-ou-doenca.html' title='SÍNDROME DAS PERNAS INQUIETAS ou DOENÇA DE WILLIS-EKBON'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-2129459101570933192</id><published>2022-06-28T08:06:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T08:06:06.454-07:00</updated><title type='text'>DOENÇA DE HUNTINGTON </title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;b data-index=&quot;3040c8f3-868a-4b0e-8a3e-f1fefe88871f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;1. Informações fundamentais (conceitos)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;9060837b-b3a9-479b-9ad9-a964daef767f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A doença de Huntington (DH) é uma doença neurodegenerativa progressiva hereditária caracterizada por transtornos do movimento, problemas comportamentais e demência. É causada por uma expansão da repetição do trinucleotídeo citosina-adenina-guanina (CAG) no gene da huntingtina (HTT/IT5) no cromossomo 4p, com herança de padrão autossômico dominante.&amp;nbsp; A prevalência mundial de DH é de 2,7 casos por 100.000 habitantes. A idade de início varia da infância até a oitava década, mas é mais comum na meia-idade. O diagnóstico antes dos 20 anos de idade é considerado DH juvenil, ou a variante Westphal da DH.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;9060837b-b3a9-479b-9ad9-a964daef767f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;d3182225-a038-41a6-829b-53adc31b66de&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-size: 14.6667px; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;2f42423f-8a9e-49f0-a212-0ccd86032d9a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-size: 14.6667px; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;9060837b-b3a9-479b-9ad9-a964daef767f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;d3182225-a038-41a6-829b-53adc31b66de&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-size: 14.6667px; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;2f42423f-8a9e-49f0-a212-0ccd86032d9a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-size: 14.6667px; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;2. Fisiopatologia&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;9060837b-b3a9-479b-9ad9-a964daef767f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;d3182225-a038-41a6-829b-53adc31b66de&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-size: 14.6667px; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;2f42423f-8a9e-49f0-a212-0ccd86032d9a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-size: 14.6667px; text-indent: 1.25cm;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;bf090806-4b2b-487f-8de2-22690021a5ce&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A patologia envolve principalmente o sistema nervoso central (SNC), com atrofia do caudado e do putâmen (neoestriado), onde é mais proeminente. No nível celular, os agregados de proteína &lt;i&gt;huntingtina &lt;/i&gt;são citoplasmáticos e nucleares. A fisiopatologia da perda de neurônios não é completamente compreendida. Acredita-se que a proteína huntingtina se torne tóxica com a expansão CAG (com &quot;ganho de função&quot;), mas continua a cumprir uma função crítica para a sobrevivência neuronal no início do desenvolvimento.&lt;br data-index=&quot;e717afdf-f00a-40f3-ab9b-2a2ba649c432&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;fff02a9a-38fd-479b-81d4-04847180293d&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A idade de início é fortemente influenciada pelo número de repetições CAG no gene da huntingtina.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br data-index=&quot;257e0269-ce7a-4056-896b-fde5b970ce59&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;49067b70-7219-4afd-a0c4-43f5c1fe6b32&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;8acf00c1-16c5-496a-b3d2-6d11bf7c1fc4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;1cfa8375-aaa7-4b1d-bfb1-847f7613f082&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;93d32593-579e-4210-986d-cb34671472f8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;3. Diagnóstico e critérios diagnósticos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;602b9237-cfcb-42fc-b92a-9e6a38cdc4fc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;1cfa8375-aaa7-4b1d-bfb1-847f7613f082&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;93d32593-579e-4210-986d-cb34671472f8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ac5d8f11-4f58-40a7-a4fd-263eb956568f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A coreia é uma característica fundamental da DH e o sintoma que a define no momento do diagnóstico, na maior parte das vezes. A coreia é caracterizada por movimentos breves, abruptos, aleatórios, imprevisíveis, involuntários e não estereotipados, que fluem de uma parte do corpo a outra, envolvendo a face, tronco e membros.&lt;br data-index=&quot;680f346c-79d1-4ae0-aa30-1ab928478cff&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;18e2b02a-a701-4932-bb70-67e324eaf532&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;São sinais clínicos clássicos: hipotonia, reflexo tendinoso do tipo &lt;i&gt;hung-up&lt;/i&gt;, sinal da ordenha (&lt;i data-index=&quot;4b33f9c1-99fb-4956-aed2-187379ed1ffc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;milk-maid sign&lt;/i&gt;), e impersistência motora. Há aumento da latência de sácades mesmo em fases iniciais, pré-clínicas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;2d1b5d5e-ab02-4676-8e96-6dcfd21887fd&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Um grupo de trabalho da Movement Disorders Society publicou recentemente uma proposta para novos critérios diagnósticos para 3 categorias de doença de Huntington, incluindo&amp;nbsp;&lt;b data-index=&quot;07ffc45b-1dc2-40c7-97c2-f1bc1aa0892e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;doença de Huntington manifesta&lt;/b&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;b data-index=&quot;a3a44078-ea49-4bd4-a458-9c7280bdbb84&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;doença de Huntington pré-sintomática&lt;/b&gt;&amp;nbsp;e&amp;nbsp;&lt;b data-index=&quot;3d47c8e0-d581-4514-a4ae-c7708cdd029b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;doença de Huntington prodrômica&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;1eb8648c-61a0-43d2-b59e-59c1126e011b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;O período proposto como “DH pré-manifesta” ocorreria antes do início de sintomas diagnosticáveis, e inclui tanto o período de “DH pré-sintomática”, quando não há características clínicas detectáveis, e o período de&quot; DH prodrômica&quot;, quando há mudanças sutis na função motora e cognitiva (e muitas vezes também em aspectos psiquiátricos), com consequentes mudanças sutis nas habilidades funcionais. Durante o período que foi chamado de &quot;DH manifesta&quot;, as características motoras e cognitivas progridem e as capacidades funcionais diminuem.&lt;br data-index=&quot;93f34dc5-a9e7-4683-a24f-75c4e8bf7a80&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c8316be2-a4b7-40e5-8e48-a3ccdebd8092&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;d8e39778-f3f3-402c-b439-b15d73288d9a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;f49345b3-be42-4d43-ba7f-f0bb5ae50ef2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;8bd3a80a-43e3-40a6-92c5-9058cd2c72ba&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;4. Achados complementares&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;63755165-448b-4df6-9569-f0b95f6c2620&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;f49345b3-be42-4d43-ba7f-f0bb5ae50ef2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;8bd3a80a-43e3-40a6-92c5-9058cd2c72ba&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;9a243cc4-39d8-4c38-95fb-f170bf60216b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A característica mais marcante e conhecida é a atrofia da cabeça do caudado, na ressonância magnética. Há também, no entanto, perda proeminente de volume putaminal bem observável na morfometria, especialmente em pacientes mais jovens. A combinação de ambas as atrofias resulta no alargamento dos cornos frontais dos ventrículos laterais, muitas vezes dando-lhes uma configuração semelhante a uma &quot;caixa.&lt;br data-index=&quot;83eb4486-a834-4d8f-be1e-2fc3175826a8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;b91a4262-e263-4251-8076-190dfc82bf4c&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;O alargamento dos cornos frontais pode ser quantificado com medidas de:&lt;br data-index=&quot;3b0e2416-7b64-4da2-ba8b-3bea2deee119&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;62cdb3af-9bef-4287-9448-8d1ba5ee5862&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;- razão entre largura do corno frontal e distância intercaudados;&lt;br data-index=&quot;4bfac39b-cdd2-4b79-b3c6-2a750012277f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;1513401c-0018-437f-b711-19d5b8784e5a&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;- razão entre distância intercaudados e largura da tábua óssea interna;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br data-index=&quot;99c4717b-364c-45a0-8751-1d23da9e0517&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;81ba34bd-2b18-44c0-93bf-4d7716642f47&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Em alguns casos, os núcleos da base podem apresentar hipossinal T2 e &lt;i&gt;blooming &lt;/i&gt;na sequência SWI, a depender do grau de deposição de ferro.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;81ba34bd-2b18-44c0-93bf-4d7716642f47&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Há perda generalizada de volume cortical, acima do esperado para a idade.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/2129459101570933192'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/2129459101570933192'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/doenca-de-huntington.html' title='DOENÇA DE HUNTINGTON '/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-8094393532381755717</id><published>2022-06-28T08:02:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T08:02:01.770-07:00</updated><title type='text'>HEMICRANIA PAROXÍSTICA  </title><content type='html'>&lt;p data-index=&quot;ae2e91ba-8e58-4438-8f16-6a05022366b1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;ef9371f2-0756-4632-91e8-956c77d63f57&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;1. Informações fundamentais (conceitos)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;757f4160-d8db-48a9-953a-1bdca86c5053&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ae2e91ba-8e58-4438-8f16-6a05022366b1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;ef9371f2-0756-4632-91e8-956c77d63f57&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;2779fa2e-f233-41d2-b6f4-9777b8a57a69&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A hemicrânia paroxística (HP) foi relatada pela primeira vez em dois pacientes por Ottar Sjaastad e Inge Dale em 1974. Os casos iniciais foram caracterizados por cefaleias diárias durante anos, sem remissão, e a condição foi denominada &quot;hemicrania paroxística crônica&quot;. Posteriormente, ficou claro que nem todos os pacientes experimentaram um curso crônico e ininterrupto; em alguns pacientes, episódios de cefaléia distintos foram separados de episódios de remissão prolongada.&lt;br data-index=&quot;a913dbfa-2c67-47fc-b0d2-840104aa11ef&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;8f672b9f-60da-4f6d-a6fd-7587277c49b9&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;40b1801c-2262-49a3-876c-676b110bb630&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;f429ffa2-49a4-459f-96e9-c04b6a115ae8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;f0d073a5-ee5e-47dc-a232-93ab14aa8530&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;dbff48ff-62ed-4a88-a10b-72f72b40ecda&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;b1a91c1e-5a45-44d9-8a29-4199f828f399&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;2. Fisiopatologia&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;1dab481b-810a-4c25-bd8d-027350bed63a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;dbff48ff-62ed-4a88-a10b-72f72b40ecda&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;b1a91c1e-5a45-44d9-8a29-4199f828f399&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;13f3b43a-a9eb-451c-81d0-8367a9d0379b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Similar às outras cefaleias trigeminais-autonômicas. A descrição do extravasamento de proteínas plasmáticas para a dura-máter do rato após estimulação do gânglio trigêmeo levou à sugestão de que esta forma de inflamação neurogênica pode ser parcialmente responsável pela manutenção da dor de cabeça nas síndromes neurovasculares primárias, como a hemicrania paroxística. O extravasamento de proteínas plasmáticas pode ser bloqueado pela indometacina, assim como a a liberação de óxido nítrico.&lt;br data-index=&quot;740c74a7-ceac-41b9-b00d-af0b58e5721f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5bf03e1f-4921-4092-93af-bc70a33b50a1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;4e3a5d14-8f60-45d4-a176-82a461904c89&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;df30102b-daa9-4f58-a7de-dd4fd44b2357&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;33470268-90ac-45b9-bfb2-89d54cec1662&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;2d9c7191-43af-4454-9e3d-3e71e07e5764&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;444c0224-71a0-4733-92c1-1230207813ff&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;3. Diagnóstico e critérios diagnósticos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;2bdebce9-a97a-4010-9bee-493fa60fe170&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;1da65036-9509-499a-bba3-ddb511fad94c&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;3f5afedd-8d03-4d07-8b6b-1f00f2455b74&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;b5e13034-93bf-4407-867e-775ec341f6df&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;e31f2920-3207-40b7-82d0-0b9e2b2ac6be&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c3f6b874-8125-4c9d-99d4-2def89216a3b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Os pacientes geralmente apresentam ataques de dor unilaterais, breves e intensos associados a características autonômicas cranianas que se repetem várias vezes ao dia. A cefaleia da hemicrania paroxística é estritamente unilateral, está mais frequentemente na distribuição oftálmica do trigêmeo (V1). A dor de cabeça geralmente dura de 2 a 30 minutos, mas pode durar até duas horas. As crises tendem a ocorrer com alta freqüência, variando de 1 a 40 por dia.&lt;br data-index=&quot;ccc44bcc-ca1c-464d-850b-66b0dd31dc8c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c34f9c26-5b0a-4271-812e-c6d378ed3196&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Ataques de hemicrania paroxística geralmente ocorrem em associação com características autonômicas cranianas ipsilaterais. Lacrimejamento, injeção conjuntival, rinorréia, congestão nasal, ptose ou rubor facial freqüentemente acompanham a cefaléia. Edema palpebral, sudorese facial ou frontal, plenitude aural, edema aural, miose ou midríase são relatados com menos frequência&lt;br data-index=&quot;75aa21df-b341-4f41-b4b5-e239715d8420&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;41a22b9c-9bf6-42fb-b29a-4ff0941c4728&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;O diagnóstico é confirmado por uma resposta ótima a um teste terapêutico com o anti-inflamatório indometacina.&lt;br data-index=&quot;0c36e45c-e54d-4566-99b9-8e48c97fbfc8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ea2b752e-148e-4bf2-82fa-e16fb7bfe039&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;502c0b0c-d7de-4fef-a073-ad6ce679c7aa&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;48b0f43d-397e-4166-bec5-6625d6d4c949&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;8c6e169f-c85a-4e52-9ba8-1f48a75ad628&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;4. Achados complementares&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;5bccbccb-e404-43ac-a64e-560f9d7c0172&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;48b0f43d-397e-4166-bec5-6625d6d4c949&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;8c6e169f-c85a-4e52-9ba8-1f48a75ad628&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5a86a919-3031-4599-ac67-7fa8314560c2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Sugerimos a realização de RM de encéfalo para todos os pacientes com suspeita de hemicrania paroxística, com o objetivo de excluir uma lesão cerebral estrutural, especialmente de neoplasias (adenomas, por exemplo) de hipófise.&lt;br data-index=&quot;7b4143eb-aac3-4e40-8b4c-f0f709357313&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;27f1612a-d081-4e2e-9248-87ae0a5388c8&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;c74e69ef-8311-43a5-8fa8-b803362f6168&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;ce58a433-9299-4cc4-b329-aec995654bee&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;e01b0189-1069-4d6b-a9d2-eb9a78cbd678&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;408b42f8-e3fa-4ced-b549-419b3057c58d&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;58c49ed6-df26-4133-8680-3c68208565b1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;5. Tratamento&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;e69db176-b6a6-4444-8c3b-631eaf72e261&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;408b42f8-e3fa-4ced-b549-419b3057c58d&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;58c49ed6-df26-4133-8680-3c68208565b1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;70b8d23b-a26f-40fc-9033-005314195e53&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A hemicrânia paroxística responde de maneira dramática e absoluta à indometacina. A dose inicial de indometacina é de 75 mg por dia dividida em três doses (ou seja, 25 mg três vezes ao dia). A dose de indometacina deve ser aumentada para 150 mg por dia (em três dosesde 50 mg) por 3 a 10 dias, se não houver resposta ou resposta parcial à dose inicial após três dias. A dose deve ser aumentada para 225 mg diários em três doses divididas (75 mg 3x/dia) por 10 dias para respondedores parciais se suspeita clínica de hemicrania paroxística for alta.&lt;br data-index=&quot;09feedda-590a-4958-935e-4902bef951df&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;33bd1877-6645-4d00-90bc-0cbb4f3234f7&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A indometacina parece normalizar os níveis de óxido nítrico e de peptídeo intestinal vasoativo (VIP) nos gânglios eferentes parassimpáticos cranio-faciais.&lt;br data-index=&quot;f36460c1-79d7-4997-adc4-198d92de20ac&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;75823db0-b532-440d-8b17-2ee0122c8d02&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;cf4bf884-d201-4f1b-9071-6d14dbfe295e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;238a635b-afc3-4742-b946-39acca53d11c&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;27e29936-1516-40cd-96c2-cd5d9d9f4d58&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;6. Referências:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;d090a80e-2fdb-4473-aa8b-bf2295410b19&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;d8881177-b17f-4a5d-ae34-72803a11f7fb&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Sjaastad O, Dale I. Evidence for a new (?), treatable headache entity. Headache 1974; 14:105.&lt;br data-index=&quot;f85e7dd6-5cb8-409b-8e0c-0441080b609b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;a9d23a38-905c-42b6-9226-3af555d6d31e&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Dodick D. Hemicrania continua: diagnostic criteria and nosologic status. Cephalalgia 2001; 21:869.&lt;br data-index=&quot;49317980-766e-4c0d-a1f0-f55e45924bb6&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c3eb3353-5cf4-4310-a62b-d90940f1ef4f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Zidverc-Trajkovic J, Pavlovic AM, Mijajlovic M, et al. Cluster headache and paroxysmal hemicrania: differential diagnosis. Cephalalgia 2005; 25:244.&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8094393532381755717'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8094393532381755717'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/hemicrania-paroxistica.html' title='HEMICRANIA PAROXÍSTICA  '/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-8847262014651259142</id><published>2022-06-28T08:00:00.004-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T08:00:33.763-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Cefaléia em Salvas (Cluster Headache)</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;12087d7e-e3c8-40a2-93ed-077d8bc72452&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;afc9e64f-a972-4b37-941c-31b7235d337d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;1. Informações fundamentais (conceitos)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;afa4d91b-085b-4f2e-a588-985785df348a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;12087d7e-e3c8-40a2-93ed-077d8bc72452&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;afc9e64f-a972-4b37-941c-31b7235d337d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;b8ba6ddf-b858-448d-9cf7-71bdc05a7eaa&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A cefaleia em salvas é uma síndrome dolorosa excruciante estritamente unilateral, com crises que duram entre 15 minutos e 180 minutos e que são acompanhadas por sintomas autonômicos cranianos ipsilaterais marcantes, como lacrimejamento e injeção conjuntival. É chamada de dor mais intensa possivelmente experimentada. É dividida nas formas (a) episódica e (b) crônica. Faz parte do grupo das cefaleia trigemino-autonômicas. É mais frequente em homens que mulheres (três vezes mais frequente).&lt;br data-index=&quot;eda6f924-fad0-4bb6-86ab-1f7d1c652abe&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;fb844ac3-c7fb-4e35-b93f-33a3b31e1811&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;f45e4997-d069-4bea-9859-4a02227726df&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;33224117-ad62-4462-9c08-6952669daae6&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;49643641-edd8-4b19-aa8d-fbf533e8e2a8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5825d03f-75ac-4be0-9448-03650e1a62e5&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;233c8c06-41c8-4aa0-ba66-e146c98752c2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;2. Fisiopatologia&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;58ce283a-f4e3-430a-85e2-b039784f7c86&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5825d03f-75ac-4be0-9448-03650e1a62e5&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;233c8c06-41c8-4aa0-ba66-e146c98752c2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;076b0957-e679-44db-bd15-bd5db3b18927&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;O hipotálamo tem sido atribuído como gerador da dor e dos sintomas autonômicos, com mudanças estruturais e funcionais já identiicadas. A fisiopatologia é pouco conhecida, porém inclui a ativação do sistema trigeminovascular e o sistema nervoso parassimpático.&lt;br data-index=&quot;1e3c9544-b40c-4cd1-ac78-03b54869914c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;e327d7ec-7f21-4e8c-87c8-53d6eb3fe52e&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Álcool é um conhecido desencadeante das crises dolorosas.&lt;br data-index=&quot;99457b44-dddc-4cb8-aafc-052dab22f590&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;bdbdf612-823d-4bd9-ada4-0151049f07b9&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;ed7bf8c7-8f92-4180-9670-e8d94a326693&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;a11b18bc-c4bc-4780-bb8b-3226c8be165a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;751e98fe-37b6-43af-98b1-3f8068a3befd&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;3c5a42bc-bb89-4ee5-9bb1-b7c1a943607f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;5b367f9c-01a8-40e6-a192-e69d021eddbf&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;3. Diagnóstico e critérios diagnósticos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;7fa38c55-3f56-43fe-a4c1-86617d40351c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;3c5a42bc-bb89-4ee5-9bb1-b7c1a943607f&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;5b367f9c-01a8-40e6-a192-e69d021eddbf&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;a4f51d5a-bcb5-43f9-bd72-8f22587eea41&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Com base nos critérios da ICHD-3, o diagnóstico de cefaléia em salvas episódica requer pelo menos dois períodos em salvas (também conhecidos como crises em salvas), cada um com duração de 7 dias a 1 ano1. Esses períodos de agrupamento são separados por períodos sem dor (também conhecidos como períodos fora do surto ou períodos de remissão) que duram pelo menos 3 meses. O diagnóstico de cefaleia em salvas crônica requer ataques em salvas que ocorrem por mais de um ano sem períodos de remissão ou com períodos de remissão de menos que três meses de duração.&lt;br data-index=&quot;d7c23945-353c-4d6d-af16-20a8096ead00&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;7be03fb5-6199-4a0b-86e6-25f30aba2ad3&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;d0e8c44f-82f2-4277-8b1c-8d3e7e13f08e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;illustration illustration-table&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-illustration-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-illustration-id=&quot;5f8b4230c9a324be07000003&quot; data-illustration-number=&quot;6&quot; data-index=&quot;607b1118-d6ed-44a1-973d-f00a1dcb77b4&quot; id=&quot;5f8b4230c9a324be07000003&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt !important; padding-bottom: 17pt !important; padding-top: 17pt !important;&quot; title=&quot;Clique para editar esta tabela...&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;title&quot; data-category-number=&quot;5&quot; data-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-index=&quot;20f28f22-d31d-478b-81e8-33ae4b9d73aa&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-category&quot; data-index=&quot;1027af4f-fcff-47ef-b044-2bb826779f9b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Quadro 5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;—&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a data-index=&quot;f9a3ac84-d2ec-4e0c-a20c-57668d09279b&quot; id=&quot;5f8b4230c9a324be07000003&quot; name=&quot;5f8b4230c9a324be07000003&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Critérios diagnósticos da cefaleia em salvas&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnósticos da cefaleia em salvas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;4b7550b9-a739-4cf9-935f-4d77cf2e8bc9&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;quadro&quot; contenteditable=&quot;true&quot; data-index=&quot;df5c1114-94ee-4c52-a2b4-20fb3b2fe1e8&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: sectionOneContent 0; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt; width: 604.734px;&quot;&gt;&lt;thead data-index=&quot;c117a201-c0a8-4a82-aae9-608fad03471a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table-header-group;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;e768bc2f-9987-490b-8166-20b09f41c70f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;th data-index=&quot;4374f34e-11ec-4990-81c2-a74b6c46d692&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px !important; padding: 5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2912&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;1bb9b5e1-3dd5-4995-bfc2-6cb8da0a807f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Definição:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/thead&gt;&lt;tbody data-index=&quot;0e0791f1-5e50-4caa-a9e8-aa2f476914ef&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;cb60317b-58c6-42e1-95f2-78d5cc9d436c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;8d77b701-55f9-4ff1-96f9-834a1aaa157e&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2913&quot;&gt;Crise de dor intensa, estritamente unilateral, orbitária, supraorbitária ou temporal, ou qualquer combinação destes locais, durante 15-180 minutos, ocorrendo desde uma vez a cada 2 dias até 8 vezes por dia. A dor está associada a hipermia conjuntival ipsilateral, lacrimejamento, congestão nasal, rinorreia, sudorese da região frontal e da face, miose, ptose e/ou edema da pálpebra, e/ou inquietação ou agitação.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;44eeaf35-a2ce-448a-85da-8806866faa1e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;43b50adb-9e97-408a-97a2-e0e9675dc892&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2914&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;4c5b823b-9d96-4077-b903-390216aaaecb&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnósticos:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;854dfd63-7e94-45a1-8017-bd42b833cac1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;a4181c11-1dd2-4f16-8392-5ad018164341&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2915&quot;&gt;A. Pelo menos cinco crises preenchendo os critérios de B a D.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;79c5c88a-4046-4780-9f5d-8dcc96475a37&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;dd3f0f6b-bfc2-48a5-8195-4beca0357901&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2916&quot;&gt;B. Dor forte ou muito forte, unilateral, supraorbitária e/ou temporal, com duração de 15-180 minutos (quando não tratada);&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;a826bf46-4a6b-45d7-ae2a-0c5d8ac8b8ab&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;51b4166a-27bd-455c-8eeb-4dbb301ff2bf&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2917&quot;&gt;C. Um dos dois ou ambos os seguintes:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;6fd7513f-531f-407b-81ea-f7d0ad94c3f7&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;2844e44b-48d5-4fa9-8c1e-d1cec239699f&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2918&quot;&gt;1. Pelo menos um dos seguintes sintomas ou sinais ipsilaterais à cefaleia:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;cd936b4e-95b3-43cc-a15a-a28df26a5e56&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;704b6aa7-3e38-4254-8ce5-5f2099d6783b&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2919&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;a) hiperemia conjuntival ou lacrimejamento&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;9d01235d-ee52-44ed-a52d-eaf935b7cc0f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;d193e493-cec9-4b41-884c-e80860f45398&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2920&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;b) congestão nasal ou rinorreia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;64a0f284-f9eb-495a-b1e9-5b5cc8daf382&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;dacb4a99-2e57-48f6-9ca1-43c23c824f02&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2921&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;c) edema da pálpebra&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;1d1d1858-b470-4102-bc74-3cac445590ea&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;16610afe-cf54-4d1b-8483-cbe020a405e1&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2922&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;d) sudorese facial e da região frontal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;6dd3e336-fc07-4391-a112-e1d851c68d83&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;6db05c76-96a2-48b4-b2f2-b742fe464278&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2923&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;e) rubor facial e da região frontal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;9cb5a95b-464e-4f6d-aba0-54858782cabe&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;2a3387ae-bafb-4632-abf1-ec2b48550507&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2924&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;f) sensação de ouvido cheio&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;c2a9117c-63dc-47a5-a58e-6b2f51586f9e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;63d202e5-7624-4dd5-bd87-8a91fb1f162a&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2925&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;g) miose e/ou ptose&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;734bda0b-667b-423f-a8a7-3caa5028befe&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;55788440-3cdf-458c-927e-8c3671cd5125&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2926&quot;&gt;2. sensação de inquietação ou agitação&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;8fb0c93b-33f0-485a-839d-fd253e602532&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;de04933b-3bd2-4b39-8c5c-ac11969d3720&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2927&quot;&gt;D. As crises tem uma frequencia de uma, em cada dois dias, a oito por dia, durante mais de metade do tempo em que o sintoma está ativo.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;878a76e5-c95e-4c8c-ab10-fd5395965659&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;9a6e2098-6efd-4a50-89ce-9f690b0200b9&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2928&quot;&gt;E. Não melhor explicada por outro diagnóstico da ICHD-3.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-quote&quot; data-index=&quot;fa34febb-320e-44a4-843d-eb66763cceb2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;textual-reference&quot; data-index=&quot;ba7683a6-f000-4830-a6f5-5d867cda9b00&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Classificação Internacional das Cefaleias, 3a. edição&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;cf38e4eb-5bdb-4587-bb4e-3fb712f91a31&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;1a5e654f-3d1f-4fe5-8a5f-5f4ea8ea880c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;d66c641c-64f5-476d-9425-7ce8725e0080&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;b4cfffc4-4c27-49f4-9ea2-be7970e6b99a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;be00a1b5-6369-4434-ab6b-ce0068994d99&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;a322bd4d-2534-4f18-8bd4-b7f8af8baeeb&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;4. Achados complementares&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;588dec1d-9e38-46a5-8085-6b570a25fd74&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;be00a1b5-6369-4434-ab6b-ce0068994d99&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;a322bd4d-2534-4f18-8bd4-b7f8af8baeeb&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0385c7ea-6701-4aa6-8339-c9b92b52cc47&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Não são necessários exames complementares para o diagnóstico de cefaléia em salvas.&lt;br data-index=&quot;07fb8d76-9a55-41b8-a314-9178631d0ee3&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;cbd4ef30-8e32-4107-b3b3-8c3bd8eb0cda&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;15cdee6e-c29d-42a2-b538-54dc9a6c2690&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;07e576de-5dcd-4a8d-8d4f-0a3f419c03e8&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;894471f6-b0c7-4b7c-8004-35729c3c3e6b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;5. Tratamento&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;7d6e2241-752a-4f27-a17d-d6eb8f551c0c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;07e576de-5dcd-4a8d-8d4f-0a3f419c03e8&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;894471f6-b0c7-4b7c-8004-35729c3c3e6b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;36b8259c-bd73-4dac-8a84-7fb35041c17f&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;d1f6e1ab-2af8-4127-85b7-29ed8d9ec09f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Crise aguda&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;08c881b8-dd6f-4cc9-936d-b42c09e72541&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;36b8259c-bd73-4dac-8a84-7fb35041c17f&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;d1f6e1ab-2af8-4127-85b7-29ed8d9ec09f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;94782e6b-1fe4-4bf3-b106-6640fa224088&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;A inalação de oxigênio, durante um ataque agudo, deve durar 15 minutos com o paciente sentado, na posição vertical. O oxigênio deve ser fornecido por meio de máscara não reinalatória com reservatório ou, de preferência, com máscara de oxigênio com válvula de demanda.&lt;br data-index=&quot;390de86c-bddd-4742-a3fe-588b03643e8b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;a1a207f5-5599-4183-890b-f18cfe9bf952&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;A injeção subcutânea de sumatriptano, um agonista 5-HT1B e 5-HT1D, pode tornar 75% dos pacientes livres de dor 20 minutos após a injeção. doenças cardiovasculares e cerebrovasculares e fatores de risco, incluindo hipertensão arterial não tratada, hiperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo e idade avançada são contra-indicações ao sumatriptano SC. Os efeitos adversos mais específicos e desagradáveis são sensação de constrição torácica e parestesias distais. A apresentação nasal deste triptano também pode ser utilizada.&lt;br data-index=&quot;aa599026-04d6-4cdf-8316-5db18a155ba4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;8050c976-da6a-42b1-8156-239ae7b3984a&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;ea0d7664-0dcc-4131-b3b0-ff3efc7d071a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ea2a9bb5-9308-4268-a007-8e6cddd5c585&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;228a97dd-30e5-4fa8-9e84-b171ee5acf26&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Profilaxia&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;bd3beba8-e468-4967-af26-ec88d98e8046&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ea2a9bb5-9308-4268-a007-8e6cddd5c585&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;228a97dd-30e5-4fa8-9e84-b171ee5acf26&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;6b849ecf-6fbc-4feb-a693-2248a3c24ec3&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Verapamil, um fármaco bloqueador dos canais de cálcio voltagem-dependente, é a prieira escolha para a profilaxia da cefaléia em salvas. Os efeitos adversos do verapamil são bradicardia, edema de tornozelos, constipação intestinal, desconforto gastrointestinal, hiperplasia gengival e cefaléia em aperto. Como o verapamil pode aumentar o tempo de condução cardíaca, eletrocardiograma (ECG) deve ser avaliado regularmente. A eficácia total do verapamil pode ser esperada dentro de 2-3 semanas após seu início.&lt;br data-index=&quot;6dbc7a53-36e7-4f9e-a96f-287c62988736&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;f5c93607-e294-48fc-88a3-14ba4ef8c88c&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Os corticosteroides são recomendados para uso por curto prazo, por 2–3 semanas após o início do período da cefaleia em salvas, quando o controle rápido dos ataques é desejado. Alguns pacientes ficam livres de ataques apenas com tratamento com esteróides. A injeção de corticosteroides no nervo occipital maior foi eficaz em estudos controlados com placebo, como profilaxia.&lt;br data-index=&quot;cbc62898-df1a-4c4b-a821-7bef614d6b7d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;f6d8059e-f41d-4cc6-ab07-670d9f23000b&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Uma redução da frequência de ataques maior que 50% foi relatada em até 78% dos pacientes com cefaléia em salvas crônica e 63% dos pacientes com cefaléia em salvas episódica, com o uso do lítio. Os principais efeitos adversos são hipotireoidismo, tremor e disfunção renal. Por este motivo, os seus níveis séricos devem ser monitorados.&lt;br data-index=&quot;1fc9c4bb-319b-4768-b801-078a98e796fb&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;0948ca8d-bb6c-4183-aeec-fb72b92dc95a&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Anticonvulsivantes como topiramato são possivelmente eficazes. Os principais efeitos adversos do topiramato são distúrbios cognitivos, parestesia e perda de peso. É contra-indicado em pacientes com nefrolitíase.&lt;br data-index=&quot;481858ef-0b8f-4b35-af7d-e0bc62796f95&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;8a2701fb-b208-4455-9eee-29f6fc654334&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Neuromodulação invasiva (implante de DBS no hipotálamo e de estimulador de nervo occipital), e não invasiva, como estimulação do nervo vago e do gânglio esfenopalatino, tem sido estudados e são promissores como estratégias de tratamento, especialmente em casos crônicos.&lt;br data-index=&quot;174a42cd-4e3d-43e6-bcd0-20c4c1a3a59f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;e60f813b-4954-4c43-843e-f04a068ccebf&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;f99393a9-8dbf-4b5a-abbe-02ebc61663ad&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;dfcdd9a0-42fb-4d0b-a822-d115fab80082&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;a3baf026-8e7f-4ddf-a410-fcae50dcdcbb&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;2e8397a2-9f30-4830-b25c-bd99e10b6390&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;da4847cc-4d76-4748-b347-fc0b3e5348a9&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;463ea51a-a8de-4002-9bcf-2ef92167c0f9&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;6. Referências&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;4c1506a4-80ed-4c3f-884e-4394a1ef0328&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4f70038d-c99d-4e99-b126-7facdd9b1746&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;b5b53a07-82ec-4c31-a875-07cf1a1ed4cc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;c625b6a3-c330-4cfe-bba8-e1fed2d7004c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;c34e2f21-3daf-40c8-ad90-06012f6894e9&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;4db20d29-4923-479e-8254-d5ddad7472bb&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;May, A., Schwedt, T., Magis, D. et al. Cluster headache. Nat Rev Dis Primers 4, 18006 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2018.6&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8847262014651259142'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8847262014651259142'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/cefaleia-em-salvas-cluster-headache.html' title='Cefaléia em Salvas (Cluster Headache)'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-6826712700976549159</id><published>2022-06-28T07:59:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T07:59:28.221-07:00</updated><title type='text'>CEFALEIA TENSIONAL (ou TIPO TENSÃO)</title><content type='html'>&lt;p data-index=&quot;b872f041-cbb5-4509-a383-a06040c6bdd2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;13cad2e3-e967-41b3-aef2-37f5f91fde70&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;1. Informações fundamentais (conceitos)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;a813da3c-7f44-424e-a81c-4db2fb78937c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;b872f041-cbb5-4509-a383-a06040c6bdd2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;13cad2e3-e967-41b3-aef2-37f5f91fde70&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;51598a70-4a6b-483a-8727-f63252f76081&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;As cefaleias do tipo tensional (CTT) são caracterizadas como episódios recorrentes de cefaleia que duram de minutos a semanas. A dor é tipicamente do tipo pressão ou aperto, de intensidade leve a moderada e bilateral na localização, e não piora com a atividade física de rotina. Náuseas e vômitos geralmente estão ausentes.&lt;br data-index=&quot;c72f1f9d-b87c-4609-9a98-0c923a2ead7d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ece38f85-bede-4ea1-9072-787600615331&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A prevalência mundial é alta (provavelmente maior do que 70%), porém a maioria dos acometidos apresenta frequencia inferior a uma vez ao mês, motivo pelo qual não procuram assistência médica.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br data-index=&quot;69005113-4750-4b07-848e-18e422a01ce3&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;595901b4-c72c-4833-acb2-0a3d6f3e3bb4&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;370a61d2-c80e-45aa-b198-da686dfb028c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c97d1cc0-5c3c-427d-8bd0-05d1a76a65db&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;4f6c1f1d-a95a-4850-8105-9753754e05a7&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;2. Fisiopatologia&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;fdaf5ba4-98e4-4877-9a99-7b284f6a32f5&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c97d1cc0-5c3c-427d-8bd0-05d1a76a65db&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;4f6c1f1d-a95a-4850-8105-9753754e05a7&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ba6967ee-9e5a-48d7-9652-09712c318800&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Apesar de ainda pouco conhecida, a fisiopatologia provavelmente envolve os mecanismos miofasciais pericranianos&amp;nbsp; na CTT episódica, enquanto a sensibilização das vias dolorosas no SNC, resultante de estímulos nociceptivos prolongados de tecidos miofasciais pericranianos, parece ser responsável pela conversão de CTT episódica em crônica.&lt;br data-index=&quot;25a85cff-038c-4090-8f6f-13136fef9545&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;00fd3419-4da6-4cba-be54-4411a78629fb&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;4228ca05-adf7-46f1-82af-9516320e4bbd&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;7e0528b9-c1e7-4f3c-be60-81fe7c7c8d6e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;0848ede7-b4bd-49ea-847f-ecb82205897a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;7208df3d-6710-4898-8021-8e0dd823390b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;23881a42-4acb-40f0-8e82-828c535dabde&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;3. Diagnóstico e critérios diagnósticos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;d19dbf4c-dd15-493d-b40f-7974ed39e07b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;7208df3d-6710-4898-8021-8e0dd823390b&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;23881a42-4acb-40f0-8e82-828c535dabde&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;3645f779-e428-4599-abb5-b80e6af70872&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A dor da CTT é geralmente descrita como opressiva, tipo pressão, constritiva ou dando uma sensação de cabeça pesada. Frequentemente os pacientes descrevem sua dor como como similar a usar um chapéu ou uma faixa apertada em volta da cabeça, ou carregar um peso na cabeça. A atividade física não tem influência na intensidade da cefaléia na maioria dos pacientes, o que ajuda a diferenciar o quadro clínica daquele visto na migrânea.&lt;br data-index=&quot;f105b038-1282-49d1-aa4e-0016d009150a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;53a08662-0ebf-47cf-afa9-b087d629508d&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;A CTT é dividida em subtipos episódio e crônico. O tipo episódico foi subdividido em um tipo infrequente, com episódios de cefaleia menos de uma vez por mês, e um tipo frequente. 2.2 A cefaleia do tipo tensional episódica frequente pode estar associada a uma incapacidade considerável e, por vezes, justifica o tratamento com medicamentos caros. Em contraste, 2.1 cefaléia do tipo tensional episódica infrequente, que ocorre em quase toda a população, geralmente tem muito pouco impacto no indivíduo e, na maioria dos casos, não requer atenção da classe médica.&lt;br data-index=&quot;dd5b966c-6951-4e9a-8f1d-58f818e977c5&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;74817674-46d5-46e3-8840-3941c6291947&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;bd47425a-0e38-4f7c-a824-07dced5e77a1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;illustration illustration-table&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-illustration-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-illustration-id=&quot;5f958777076c2325de000001&quot; data-illustration-number=&quot;5&quot; data-index=&quot;9834e220-40f6-46c3-a975-9d15cf3c487d&quot; id=&quot;5f958777076c2325de000001&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt !important; padding-bottom: 17pt !important; padding-top: 17pt !important;&quot; title=&quot;Clique para editar esta tabela...&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;title&quot; data-category-number=&quot;4&quot; data-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-index=&quot;3f6bc8b0-54a0-4f8a-8b66-abc09164e208&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-category&quot; data-index=&quot;21e9cea1-f5a5-42a9-b2fa-d2bcef7b0483&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Quadro 4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;—&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a data-index=&quot;962bab87-5d94-4cd2-a7d0-fb016c9ce6db&quot; id=&quot;5f958777076c2325de000001&quot; name=&quot;5f958777076c2325de000001&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Critérios diagnósticos de cefaleia tipo tensão infrequente&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnósticos de cefaleia tipo tensão infrequente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;c9d0aa0d-0994-4a44-803e-5c5a691da7b9&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;quadro&quot; contenteditable=&quot;true&quot; data-index=&quot;e4a30233-2007-4d7f-8567-034a251d650f&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: sectionOneContent 0; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt; width: 604.734px;&quot;&gt;&lt;thead data-index=&quot;7b59fdc6-6a02-4cd0-9a7c-606959a4d11d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table-header-group;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;81212a8c-e722-415e-9aed-82fac4632889&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;th data-index=&quot;7199d752-dcd9-4817-94ca-61ad33a20ffa&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px !important; padding: 5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2906&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnósticos&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/thead&gt;&lt;tbody data-index=&quot;da952c94-7515-4145-81bb-63ac8049c3ea&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;b0cd23aa-9e44-49e0-9d35-f0ce32fc3ccd&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;3229aa62-7070-4964-a53c-0fd8fac82efd&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2907&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;A. Pelo menos 10 episódios de dor de cabeça ocorrendo em &amp;lt;1 dia / mês em média (&amp;lt;12 dias / ano) e atendendo aos critérios B-D&lt;br data-index=&quot;5828a054-ac88-47e2-8fef-c8b827b0d515&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;33906860-cbbf-4c42-9193-d7b11f919860&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;80a7251c-128c-4817-afb0-ad0b6e63af12&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2908&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;B. Com duração de 30 minutos a 7 dias&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;4b8bf8ec-0202-4780-bf13-effe7964ddb7&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;d302132e-e545-42f8-b451-543a3cb8dd13&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2909&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;C. Pelo menos duas das seguintes quatro características:&lt;br data-index=&quot;50e15e74-11da-4e35-b6da-f152e4a71940&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;- localização bilateral&lt;br data-index=&quot;6e17ab17-b78a-490d-9cac-862a4b6109a6&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;- qualidade de pressão ou aperto (não pulsante)&lt;br data-index=&quot;6ff35bb8-13e5-4ff8-9c0e-32c768cb40fb&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;- intensidade leve ou moderada&lt;br data-index=&quot;7282ff53-7192-4a7e-9c57-482165ceab68&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;- não agravado pela atividade física de rotina, como caminhar ou subir escadas&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;1f78a81c-866b-48bd-a1dd-4230e958557a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;d977b19b-5ae6-40d1-8eac-1e50c4ae2ca8&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2910&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;D. Ambos os seguintes:&lt;br data-index=&quot;6227e5ce-ba68-47de-b24b-c964751449e1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;- sem náuseas ou vômitos&lt;br data-index=&quot;d96ffe48-3210-4e1f-b2b7-e5019e73769f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;- não mais do que um dos seguinte: fotofobia ou fonofobia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;1ba6e4c1-b306-4dbd-b59c-02e3e2e4fa48&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;67159433-3a4e-4d25-8f4b-f68e4a0c9a7b&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2911&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;E. Não melhor explicada por outro diagnóstico da ICHD-3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-quote&quot; data-index=&quot;26eddf95-063b-46b1-ab77-3c23bda0bef2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;textual-reference&quot; data-index=&quot;5ef88b94-c8bf-4aa5-a6cc-57c733f36d33&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Classificação Internacional das Cefaleias, 3a. edição&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;cac0d422-db42-49cb-9743-806c57416e42&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;99a46319-9e8b-4ec5-9354-8141b24fc7b1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c5a55e0c-eb80-41f0-a19e-bb2ce6417841&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;96650c40-cea3-4a69-a557-aa965d2d8b8c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;4. Achados complementares&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;e88e628c-6d4f-4226-8f56-ba0140821f9d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c5a55e0c-eb80-41f0-a19e-bb2ce6417841&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;96650c40-cea3-4a69-a557-aa965d2d8b8c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;b9514225-2be4-44f0-a26e-737291f5ade6&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Não se usam exames complementares para o diagnóstico de CTT. É importante que se excluam cefaleia secundárias, se houver um quadro clínico compatível, assim como reconhecer a presença de comorbidades e u,a eventual co-existência de migrânea.&lt;br data-index=&quot;d882d589-dc54-42be-91aa-0b1ae165d0b0&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c1f6bc71-0732-45be-9281-a658cb24778a&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;0752e197-1641-43f1-a7e0-94e3ed5ba7fb&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;c9873b9d-e4da-4de5-bcff-1e0f55281ed2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;a3d03117-d49a-417e-b064-df708fd473cc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;eaa913ca-e68e-45ae-88c2-e64c56205e82&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;1393f595-5c46-48fe-a1aa-4c842e2e8893&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;5. Tratamento&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;c246dc5d-e77e-44c8-b6b2-8592438c526a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;eaa913ca-e68e-45ae-88c2-e64c56205e82&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;1393f595-5c46-48fe-a1aa-4c842e2e8893&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5b02aaff-1ea4-43c3-9e2e-02f2ff79a558&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;É relevante identificar se há uso excessivo de medicamentos, assim como tranquilizar pacientes que tenham o diagnóstico de CTT crônica ou episódica frequente, que não raro mostram sérias preocupações quanto à possibilidade de uma doença mais séria, como um tumor. Explicações sobre o mecanismo com o qual o cérebro modula a percepção dolorosa podem ser úteis para este fim. É muito util que um paciente preencha um diário de cefaleia, para monitorização da frequência e gravidade dos sintomas, assim como dar uma real estimativa da frequência de uso de analgésicos.&lt;br data-index=&quot;9591dc1d-3861-4e0e-bb3d-c7154f73815b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;245a39fe-65e7-4afb-912e-6fd1a1b0d7a9&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Estratégias de tratamento não farmacológico, nos casos episódicos infrequentes, incluem uso de ácido acetilsalicílico (1000 mg), paracetamol (750-1000 mg), naproxeno (375-550 mg), cetoprofeno (25-50 mg), ibuprofeno (200-400 mg), entre outros. Os AINEs são possivelmente mais eficazes que paracetamol e ácido acetilsalicílico. Opióides são proscritos.&lt;br data-index=&quot;464d5742-223d-4997-8b04-a7612881c834&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;20d5ff5b-22d8-477a-ba20-53b3f5b1545f&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Nos casos crônicos, é relevante se identificar e suspender o abuso de analgésicos. Os antidepressivos tricíciclos, especialmente a amitriptilina (em dose inicial de 10 a 25 mg/dia), são muito eficazes na profilaxia de dor em casos de CTT crônica.&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/6826712700976549159'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/6826712700976549159'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/cefaleia-tensional-ou-tipo-tensao.html' title='CEFALEIA TENSIONAL (ou TIPO TENSÃO)'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-8187094996279972389</id><published>2022-06-28T07:57:00.004-07:00</published><updated>2022-06-28T07:57:58.543-07:00</updated><title type='text'>ENXAQUECA (MIGRÂNEA) </title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;54c2fb45-f462-4fd7-ba5e-0cd9d1d3c289&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;18eb2531-817c-4911-b018-4c6f0177d503&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;1. Informações fundamentais e conceitos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;1802bbd7-fd09-480d-ba1e-3e1fa9c53dd7&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;54c2fb45-f462-4fd7-ba5e-0cd9d1d3c289&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;18eb2531-817c-4911-b018-4c6f0177d503&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5fcdde1f-992a-49f1-b367-4527a2ebb089&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Transtorno neurovascular incapacitante recorrente caracterizado por ataques de dor debilitante associada a fotofobia, fonofobia, náuseas e vômitos. Relacionada pela OMS como uma das principais causas de perda de dias de trabalho por incapacidade no mundo. Um terço dos pacientes apresentam aura migranosa, e 2/3 dos pacientes não apresentam aura.&lt;br data-index=&quot;e710059b-8f0a-4302-8c77-f08ddad962a1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;b2dd7d41-a005-4e47-b0ef-d9543b8c304e&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;63f409df-3e03-4b0a-9e96-a15a77a0da8c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5305fbb8-9aaf-4ef5-be7f-89aeb6a7744e&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;5689f429-d704-4271-9062-b822bdb8842a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;2. Fisiopatologia&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;f515548f-bab3-46e3-a538-eef71a8cc84e&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5305fbb8-9aaf-4ef5-be7f-89aeb6a7744e&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;5689f429-d704-4271-9062-b822bdb8842a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;cb5d79a7-dc72-4ab3-9482-9542a19f8e1c&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Parece haver um papel principal para&amp;nbsp;peptídeo relacionado ao gene da calcitonina (CGRP) como um mediador de&amp;nbsp;enxaqueca, pois o CGRP&amp;nbsp;é liberado na circulação&amp;nbsp;durante uma crise de enxaqueca e está persistentemente elevado em pacientes com migrânea crônica. É sabido que ocorre perturbação dos sistemas de modulação sensorial subcortical. É um distúrbio que envolve o sistema trigeminovascular e suas conexões. Os reflexos autonômicos cranianos, como o reflexo trigêmino-autonômico, atuam como um sistema de alimentação que facilita a ocorrência da crise de enxaqueca. O problema fundamental da enxaqueca parece se relacionar, portanto, a sistemas de modulação de percepção dolorosa no cérebro.&lt;br data-index=&quot;ed2c81bd-74a0-452f-95b7-5212235d26f3&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;dc8db7ae-1f6d-45d4-b8ef-225cf7222b06&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;2ab36da9-e469-4202-baa4-3055cb7e43da&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;1921a3fe-3a64-46b6-a10c-983340e5ecdc&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;c0e18dd3-e1db-477a-932a-ed34a65c71dc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;3. Diagnóstico e critérios diagnósticos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;1985edec-f527-4c13-b105-e484a1221d64&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;1921a3fe-3a64-46b6-a10c-983340e5ecdc&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;c0e18dd3-e1db-477a-932a-ed34a65c71dc&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ee9da24b-38d2-4855-af48-8ff8cd8190ca&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;Os critérios diagnósticos mais usados são da Classificação Internacional das Cefaléis, 3a edição (ICHD-3), quais sejam:&lt;br data-index=&quot;7e224d69-dc89-4eef-ab1d-f302b713bee2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;142d3d95-ff00-49d1-8484-d982122b5bb5&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.25cm; word-break: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;661e7de5-103e-40b4-8340-926ec27f5bc0&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;illustration illustration-table&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-illustration-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-illustration-id=&quot;5f8add3ec9a324be07000001&quot; data-illustration-number=&quot;3&quot; data-index=&quot;a1a7b8e0-99c8-4210-8406-44ddfdab1646&quot; id=&quot;5f8add3ec9a324be07000001&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt !important; padding-bottom: 17pt !important; padding-top: 17pt !important;&quot; title=&quot;Clique para editar esta tabela...&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;title&quot; data-category-number=&quot;2&quot; data-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-index=&quot;bc8fa91a-0330-4ce1-9919-87a04896cb82&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-category&quot; data-index=&quot;dd876543-b327-4525-850a-d92e676ca644&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Quadro 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;—&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a data-index=&quot;3374a009-86ae-4488-af31-e7d9efaf415f&quot; id=&quot;5f8add3ec9a324be07000001&quot; name=&quot;5f8add3ec9a324be07000001&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Critérios diagnósticos de aura da migrânea&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnósticos de aura da migrânea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;7952d32e-f667-4679-8944-f50e1eaf0e2d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;quadro&quot; contenteditable=&quot;true&quot; data-index=&quot;710af693-b958-4e76-8c14-f7841a93b128&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: sectionOneContent 0; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt; width: 604.734px;&quot;&gt;&lt;thead data-index=&quot;0141627d-b34e-4eb9-a415-5fed666709e4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table-header-group;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;4e6f3fa2-05be-4b4e-987f-fa637fd1d514&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;th data-index=&quot;192dfb46-53a0-48f6-b1e4-52ef41408a22&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px !important; padding: 5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2891&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;db1d2122-b1bb-44e6-b696-21f848793cfe&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Definição&lt;/b&gt;:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/thead&gt;&lt;tbody data-index=&quot;8d9f9604-c0f5-4956-979b-03d2baf86faf&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;0728d480-307d-4585-8312-56e564b839a4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;e95222ce-c912-4de4-86cf-d25516b92a11&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2892&quot;&gt;Ataques recorrentes, com duração de minutos, de sintomas visuais, sensoriais ou outros sintomas do SNC unilaterais totalmente reversíveis que geralmente se desenvolvem gradualmente e são geralmente seguidos por dor de cabeça e sintomas de enxaqueca associados&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;7cc02b91-e1ea-443d-a0f1-409533e704a0&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;2044cf64-57d9-4991-9937-eafc02e3d806&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2893&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;7d9b49ef-ccc4-4642-b2c8-d565b1f0e4fd&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnósticos:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;9909ee47-7a11-481f-9e03-c6d7c804019f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;81bc52a0-017b-46ff-b430-78748674f900&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2894&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;A. Pelo menos dois ataques atendendo aos critérios B e C&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;ee523ddf-98fd-41df-b7be-0f3700a7f4ed&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;df146657-c9c4-4055-8fca-16810b95c859&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2895&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;B. Um ou mais dos seguintes sintomas de aura totalmente reversíveis: 1. visual; 2. sensorial; 3. fala e/ou linguagem; 4. motor; 5. tronco cerebral; 6. retiniana&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;5185fc62-e8ca-471a-a17b-81bf787a5dfd&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;01d77dc3-4004-4519-a3a5-975dd7cac433&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2896&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;C. Pelo menos três das seguintes seis características: 1. pelo menos um sintoma de aura se espalha gradualmente ao longo de ≥5 minutos; 2. dois ou mais sintomas de aura ocorrem em sucessão; 3. cada sintoma de aura individual dura de 5 a 60 minutos; 4. pelo menos um sintoma de aura é unilateral; 5. pelo menos um sintoma de aura é positivo; 6. a aura é acompanhada, ou seguida em 60 minutos, por dor de cabeça.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;301d3774-76fa-44ff-9dd3-6d2bce2dd51d&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;4563308c-eca7-405b-b6d5-895da17c5e89&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2897&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;D. Não melhor explicado por outro diagnóstico da ICHD-3.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-quote&quot; data-index=&quot;46d65628-e3ba-4bc4-84e3-5825a1c167aa&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;textual-reference&quot; data-index=&quot;059987fa-8e9d-4aa9-97cf-7523f8308f16&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Classificação Internacional das Cefaleias, 3a. edição&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;429586ec-0ee7-44ef-a9aa-e67e7aa90a2f&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;f05d23a5-94be-4906-a0fd-72183b72b520&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;illustration illustration-table&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-illustration-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-illustration-id=&quot;5f8ae089c9a324be07000002&quot; data-illustration-number=&quot;4&quot; data-index=&quot;dc9a24a8-ca7f-4395-ba47-187030edb804&quot; id=&quot;5f8ae089c9a324be07000002&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt !important; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 17pt !important; padding-top: 17pt !important; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot; title=&quot;Clique para editar esta tabela...&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;title&quot; data-category-number=&quot;3&quot; data-category=&quot;Quadro&quot; data-index=&quot;d3fada24-3b8e-41ea-a5e7-0874da5f3e22&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-category&quot; data-index=&quot;842fbbe5-630b-4496-8481-c40ae074fb2a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Quadro 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;—&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a data-index=&quot;54c3566b-158d-4e15-a995-192fd8b34d65&quot; id=&quot;5f8ae089c9a324be07000002&quot; name=&quot;5f8ae089c9a324be07000002&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; text-decoration: none;&quot; title=&quot;Critérios diagnóstico de migrânea sem aura&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnóstico de migrânea sem aura&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;d93b8d2c-02c8-4b3e-bc6c-27d7a242bef6&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;quadro&quot; contenteditable=&quot;true&quot; data-index=&quot;f96b3f7e-d1d0-4809-a98f-c97c4dc9af00&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: sectionOneContent 0; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt; width: 604.734px;&quot;&gt;&lt;thead data-index=&quot;4cd33872-fa2f-4eb9-8541-d5131728f15c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table-header-group;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;af21f45b-07fb-43b7-9b29-72caea55cbd4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;th data-index=&quot;61ae01f0-c7bd-4041-b2da-18216dc99b32&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px !important; padding: 5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2898&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;c78f7a74-99da-4843-8653-0b5b54053f69&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Descrição&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/thead&gt;&lt;tbody data-index=&quot;807f067e-a786-41ef-979e-c8d6a66eee04&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;be9e4d3e-bfb8-4c7c-9a97-9ad23813c088&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;1bb5e25a-b8e8-4552-901a-b0b49baa9370&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2899&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Transtorno de cefaléia recorrente que se manifesta em ataques que duram de 4 a 72 horas. As características típicas da cefaleia são localização unilateral, qualidade pulsátil, intensidade moderada ou intensa, agravamento pela atividade física rotineira e associação com náuseas e/ou fotofobia e fonofobia.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;ad947dab-0c6f-4176-b1a1-2a2ea58ed0b1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;00899280-28fb-46cd-951d-af82ae765cd6&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2900&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;5f4641f3-b05a-4892-bd5c-7c335e0ac7ef&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnósticos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;82c1cfe8-3872-459e-8d17-8f3768223b8b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;e16f65d4-f41a-4c9b-ba1e-78d680300196&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2901&quot;&gt;A. Pelo menos cinco ataques atendendo aos critérios B-D&lt;br data-index=&quot;205943ad-af11-4c71-a857-e655fdc40658&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;dc678eb8-041b-4a89-8f7a-929244235300&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;2e8319a9-1dad-44ca-b7e5-a64dbbf98911&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2902&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;B. Ataques de dor de cabeça com duração de 4-72 horas (não tratada ou tratada sem sucesso);&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;32e7fb09-8f13-43e8-aa11-349293af1b2b&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;58021a4f-77b6-4c54-85c3-c1094f10863a&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2903&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;C. A dor de cabeça tem pelo menos duas das quatro características a seguir:&lt;br data-index=&quot;520cc9b6-dc01-4108-b46e-77bb3db8c7c8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;1. localização unilateral;&lt;br data-index=&quot;b844d07c-0ac7-4140-aca8-ac3270211b11&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;2. qualidade pulsante;&lt;br data-index=&quot;7f153b64-f292-46c5-a92a-3f60b9747bd8&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;3. intensidade da dor moderada ou severa&lt;br data-index=&quot;f84f23e5-e236-4053-800c-ab84b0be21cb&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;4. agravamento por ou evitação de atividade física de rotina (por exemplo, caminhar ou subir escadas)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;aa706c29-2e2f-4b9e-8bd4-be82c5cc7ead&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;2cbb5243-a0fe-4606-a60d-b1dbc6e806a7&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2904&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;D. Durante a dor de cabeça, pelo menos um dos seguintes:&lt;br data-index=&quot;8a02ed51-006d-48d6-8d5e-d27598bb5035&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;1. náusea e / ou vômito&lt;br data-index=&quot;64f137c2-ed00-4dea-b777-d69267db661a&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;2. fotofobia e fonofobia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr data-index=&quot;4b1bb5b3-2764-4cbd-aa22-e28dde1bf56c&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td data-index=&quot;067ab04d-e1fd-46a8-bd33-213de61b63d8&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 2pt 5pt; position: relative; text-align: left; vertical-align: top;&quot; tabindex=&quot;2905&quot;&gt;E. Não melhor explicada por outro diagnóstico de ICHD-3.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;illustration-quote&quot; data-index=&quot;37ff7056-67b1-40fd-9167-54972a83ec07&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: table; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;textual-reference&quot; data-index=&quot;49966a87-8a06-469e-96e1-5233ac3899d1&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Classificação Internacional das Cefaleias, 3a. edição&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;b4e5eba2-ccd7-41c6-99d3-8b781b273dcb&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;d3b3972d-57af-4afc-b41f-3c8c11cbd597&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;2a3a5fe2-9b1e-44cb-893e-6c6e77595f94&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;6162b9ef-75d2-49e3-bb82-0750c7437cb2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c0a1e002-2d58-4f7e-97f4-010d71c7f842&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;ae89a439-52e1-4ace-83c8-abf0747420d4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;4. Achados complementares&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;a13129d2-7ff6-4aea-8286-967757da88c2&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;c0a1e002-2d58-4f7e-97f4-010d71c7f842&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;ae89a439-52e1-4ace-83c8-abf0747420d4&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5a9f3c41-632e-428a-bc81-df31b4cf5a83&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Não são necessários exames complementares para o diagnóstico de migrânea. Na suspeita de um diagnóstico alternativo (cefaleia secundária, por exemplo), um exame de neuroimagem pode ser solicitado.&lt;br data-index=&quot;898607ea-36e7-45e2-b7dd-d408e3ac8ddf&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;5fcd7359-1ff8-4825-a1a1-9c4a635f54fc&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;6844d610-174f-4411-9eb5-ab3aa4f01083&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;59fee07f-2e2d-4bf2-a063-01be15ee6058&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;efbf7ee4-ec63-4602-9b96-8e3e8b919406&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;d3c0dcaa-23ad-45d7-82b4-75a0c8c61673&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;7e6280c9-74e7-4e8a-b977-4b0b06dfef0f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;5. Tratamento&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;3f5dc4a6-9787-48ec-acdc-ad748a397044&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;d3c0dcaa-23ad-45d7-82b4-75a0c8c61673&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;7e6280c9-74e7-4e8a-b977-4b0b06dfef0f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;3bad383e-1d54-4d77-9067-a20267037c0c&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;O tratamento farmacológico é didaticamente classificado em tratamento da crise (agudo) e tratamento profilático. No tratamento agudo, se usam anti-inflamatórios não-esteroidais (AINES), analgésicos comuns (isolados ou combinados) e triptanos. No tratamento profilático, são opções costumeiramente utilizadas: topiramato, valproato, antidepressivos tricíclicos, propranolol.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br data-index=&quot;2058a831-65e5-4825-8a39-7b9d1109d369&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;ace20e07-9f7a-4ab1-8f1c-ea275fd1e5f8&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Mais recentemente, os anticorpos monoclonais anti-CGRP foram adicionada à classe dos medicamentos profiláticos para migrânea, sob a forma de injeções subcutâneas. São opções dessa classe, aprovadas pela ANVISA: galcanezumabe, erenumabe e fremanezumabe.&lt;br data-index=&quot;324978f8-848e-4a05-b6f5-1947445d69b6&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;e84e65ef-cb62-4eb6-96ac-c50111670240&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Em casos de migrânea crônica, ou seja, com episódios de cefaleia por mais de 15 dias por mês (por no mínimo 2 meses), injeções de toxina botulínica, conforme o protocolo do estudo PREEMPT, podem ser opções terapêuticas.&lt;br data-index=&quot;2554dec4-df15-411c-981c-8d990197fc86&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;9bebb115-851f-4daf-b9bc-8bf3ae8aabcd&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;d8fa82f5-a149-415d-8221-5577caf15932&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;6965b480-960a-4fef-9883-40d89ddaa10f&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;49355a0e-5f8b-4248-acff-408c01b60456&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;265eb8e2-1ba1-4a0c-92f3-8c2321a9162b&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;13b1c42b-3cd4-475f-9127-76eb27d51dca&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;301a2507-6d9f-42b5-a5b4-996e486c6926&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;bc14978a-3a21-47d0-8dbe-f3a86a4072be&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;6. Referências&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;608dd0e7-52b1-475a-a858-60ac85af9ec3&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;f4d6873f-16fd-4472-9c51-ebe18ad67ee8&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;b data-index=&quot;6fdb4b1c-0bc1-4500-a9f9-4ba44e219d21&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;c036c476-6fdd-439d-ac79-f845b2785675&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br data-index=&quot;0e43f077-ddde-4019-b534-f45d386ca7e0&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;690d4f59-0f2a-4402-be6d-4b2ff6c0188a&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Charles A. The pathophysiology of migraine: implications for clinical management. Lancet Neurol. 2018 Feb;17(2):174-182. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30435-0. Epub 2017 Dec 8. PMID: 29229375.&lt;br data-index=&quot;8246cf46-f9fb-4618-a0eb-eced23074d49&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p data-index=&quot;f0c0f2a4-7419-4489-9655-5c5c72cbe35e&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5 !important; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 1.25cm; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-break: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. The International Classification of Headache Disorders. Cephalalgia. 2018; 38 (3rd edition): 1-211&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8187094996279972389'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8187094996279972389'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2022/06/enxaqueca-migranea.html' title='ENXAQUECA (MIGRÂNEA) '/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-1237059770403963854</id><published>2013-02-03T05:54:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2013-02-03T05:55:21.835-08:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="auto-imune"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="critérios"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="diagnósticos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="granulomatose"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="harada"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="koyanagi"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="melanócitos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="meningite"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="uveíte"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="vogt"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="vogt-koyanagi-harada"/><title type='text'>Critérios diagnósticos para doença de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
A doença de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada é uma síndrome granulomatosa crônica, geralmente com envolvimento ocular e meníngeo, sendo uma das muitas causas conhecidas de uveítes associadas a manifestações neurológicas. O seu diagnóstico diferencial inclui várias doenças, como infecções (fúngicas, micobacterianas, sífilis etc.), neoplasias (p.ex. linfoma), ou outras doenças granulomatosas, como a sarcoidose.&lt;br /&gt;
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Sabe-se que sua fisiopatologia está relacionada a auto-imunidade de células T, contra antígenos dos melanócitos, da úvea, do sistema nervoso central (meninges) e do ouvido interno.&lt;/div&gt;
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Seguem aqui os critérios em outra tradução livre não revisada, feita pelo autor que vos escreve.&lt;br /&gt;
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Referência:&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ajo.com/article/S0002-9394(01)00925-4/abstract&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Read RW, Holland GN, Rao NA, et al. Revised diagnostic criteria for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: Report of an international committee on nomenclature. Am J Ophthalmol 2001;131:647–652&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/1237059770403963854'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/1237059770403963854'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2013/02/criterios-diagnosticos-para-doenca-de.html' title='Critérios diagnósticos para doença de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6CFfpOE6WXoLDqmVymZeF7VoKwTTPRkm0CjZvHTa5JSEn7qe8C5rEqgEjpktI_TMlsfqyP4np6esYzpawdlhJ62k6mJkJJvuO4BSmaMgBQ_T1daB_GnTZbm6S7M34k2b8aIGVWKz0irJk/s72-c/Captura+de+Tela+2013-02-03+a%CC%80s+11.52.45.png" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-841819586300444657</id><published>2012-09-30T17:27:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2012-09-30T17:28:41.223-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="2005"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="alucinações"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="corpos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="criteria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="critérios"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="DCL"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="demencia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="dementia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="flutuação"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="lewy"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="lewy body"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="McKeith"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="neurolépticos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="parkinsonismo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="sono REM"/><title type='text'>Critérios diagnósticos para Demência por corpos de Lewy (DCL)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Segue mais uma postagem de uma tradução livre para português de um critério diagnóstico de uma doença neurológica muito importante, especialmente no contexto do envelhecimento da população mundial, a demência por corpos de Lewy. A referência original, do periódico Neurology, se encontra abaixo das tabelas, porém, infelizmente, não é de acesso livre.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neurology.org/content/65/12/1863.short&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;McKeith IG, et al. Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: third report of the DLB consortium. Neurology 2005; 65:1863-1872.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wai.wisc.edu/pdf/phystoolkit/diagnosis/Consensus_Guidelines_Diagnosis%20LBD.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Critérios diagnósticos em inglês&lt;/a&gt;, conforme publicação do &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wai.wisc.edu/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Instituto de Alzheimer da Universidade de Wisconsin&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/841819586300444657'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/841819586300444657'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2012/09/criterios-diagnosticos-para-demencia.html' title='Critérios diagnósticos para Demência por corpos de Lewy (DCL)'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwOaIijBIaxZLFjAP5u_8lVwPg-j-z5iO9hINJCDSAqphVy5aHpwAL-X1znnEklGM72KcURL7K8bKXF2-p-iC5D6VIe_7znu8XP3oxDrQiuTfI8TLM-KJSGH0IrCbA-k43M7oUhMZuC_7Y/s72-c/Captura+de+Tela+2012-09-30+a%CC%80s+21.18.13.png" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-2526976897846539613</id><published>2012-09-15T08:10:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2012-09-15T08:11:38.358-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Banco de Cérebros"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="criteria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="critérios"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="doença de Parkinson"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Hugues"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="JNNP"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Lees"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="London"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Londres"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="NIH"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Parkinson"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Queen Square"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Sociedade"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Society"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="UK"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="UK Brain Bank"/><title type='text'>Doença de Parkinson idiopática. Critérios diagnósticos do Banco de Cérebros de Londres (Queen Square Brain Bank).</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Redijo, abaixo, uma tradução livre dos clássicos critérios diagnósticos da doença de Parkinson idiopática, conforme o estudo anatomo-patológico do Banco de Cérebros da Sociedade de Doença de Parkinson do Reino Unido, atualmente chamado de Banco de Cérebros Queen Square.&lt;/div&gt;
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Para o artigo original, favor se direcionar ao link abaixo da tabela.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/55/3/181.full.pdf+html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Hughes AJ, Daniel SE, Kilford L, Lees AJ. Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. A clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. JNNP 1992;55:181-184.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Para quem se interessar, há uma referência de uma força tarefa da Movement Disorders Society, com uma avaliação crítica, baseada em evidências, avaliando a acurácia dos critérios diagnósticos para a doença de Parkinson e outras síndromes parkinsonianas. Sugiro, portanto, a leitura deste artigo:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;color: #6fa8dc; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.movementdisorders.org/UserFiles/SICreport.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 16px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Litvan I, Bhatia KP, Burn DJ, et al. Movement Disorders Society Scientific Issues Committee report: SIC Task Force appraisal of clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinsonian disorders.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;border: 0px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Mov Disord&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 16px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;2003;18:467–486.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;A versão original do critério também está publicada em inúmeros sites na internet, incluindo o do &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/GetPdf.cgi?id=phd000042&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;NIH&lt;/a&gt; e da&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.toolkit.parkinson.org/sites/toolkit.parkinson.org/files/resources/UK%20PDS%20Brain%20Bank%20Diagnosis%20Criteria_1.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; National Parkinson Foundation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/2526976897846539613'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/2526976897846539613'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2012/09/doenca-de-parkinson-idiopatica.html' title='Doença de Parkinson idiopática. Critérios diagnósticos do Banco de Cérebros de Londres (Queen Square Brain Bank).'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiukzUKsE2Cyk1loUv7oMfvwQ9t3JlS6CSQBpGO2kEHuQovbA10HQHKkDviwM2ZU7Dc0BhwoysvpO2wcDz_Ysq_zeyU26APTc2TeGQ2MfLkK9OCTawMbVMhABPHYp5zZ-5dAznBUATBnoey/s72-c/Captura+de+Tela+2012-09-15+a%CC%80s+11.54.04.png" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-991639072975813973</id><published>2012-09-14T18:25:00.003-07:00</published><updated>2012-09-14T18:32:56.889-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="baclofeno"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="critérios diagnósticos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Dalakas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="diazepam"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="fifisina"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="GABA"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="GAD"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pessoa rígida"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="referências"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="resumo"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="stiff-person"/><title type='text'>Síndrome da Pessoa Rígida (Stiff-Person Syndrome). Critérios Diagnósticos de Dalakas.</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
A Síndrome da Pessoa Rígida, descrita em 1956 por Moersch &amp;amp; Woltman, é uma desordem imuno-mediada do sistema nervoso central, que é caracterizada por uma rigidez progressiva do tronco e dos músculos proximais dos membros, associada a espasmos dolorosos superpostos, com sensibilidade aumentada a estímulos externos (o chamado fenômeno &lt;i&gt;startle&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/div&gt;
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No exame neurológico, é característica a postura fixa de hiperlordose, devido a co-contração contínua de músculos abdominais e paraespinhais (que pode ser evidenciada também na eletroneuromiografia); o aumento do tônus muscular nos membros inferiores; a marcha cautelosa, de base larga e lenta; e a preservação das funções cognitivas, cerebelares, sensitivas e esfincterianas, diferenciando-a de um quadro de mielopatia ou de acometimento bifrontal. Chama atenção também a presença de alterações autonômicas paroxísticas acompanhando os espasmos, como taquicardia e diaforese.&lt;/div&gt;
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Tem associação com altos níveis de pelo menos um dos seguintes auto-anticorpos: anti-GAD65, anti-fifisina, anti-gefirina e anti-GABARAP (proteína associada ao receptor GABA-A); e a identificação desses é muito importante para o diagnóstico. Associa-se também, com outras doenças auto-imunes, como o diabetes tipo 1, as tireoidopatias de Graves e Hashimoto, a anemia perniciosa e o vitiligo. Além disso, pode se apresentar como uma síndrome paraneoplásica.&lt;/div&gt;
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Fisiopatologicamente, relaciona-se com uma diminuição da função do principal neurotransmissor inibitório, o GABA. Seu tratamento pode ser feito com benzodiazepínicos, baclofeno ou com algumas drogas anti-epilépticas (como valproato e levetiracertam) ou, nos casos refratários, com terapia imunológica, por meio de imunoglobulina humana endovenosa em altas doses, plasmaférese ou com o uso de anticorpo monoclonal anti-CD20 (rituximab).&lt;/div&gt;
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A seguir, segue uma tabela com os critérios diagnósticos propostos por Dalakas em 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
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Para maiores informações, sugiro a leitura das referências abaixo (infelizmente, a maioria não é de artigos de livre acesso).&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://pn.bmj.com/content/11/5/272.abstract&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hadavi, S., A. J. Noyce, et al. (2011). &quot;Stiff person syndrome.&quot; &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Pract Neurol&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;11&lt;/b&gt;(5): 272-282.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.springerlink.com/content/01031q44x142h761/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Dalakas, M. C. (2009). &quot;Stiff person syndrome: advances in pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.&quot; &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Curr Treat Options Neurol&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;11&lt;/b&gt;(2): 102-110.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://annals.org/data/Journals/AIM/19942/0000605-199910050-00008.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Levy, L. M., M. C. Dalakas, et al. (1999). &quot;The stiff-person syndrome: an autoimmune disorder affecting neurotransmission of gamma-aminobutyric acid.&quot; &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;Ann Intern Med&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;131&lt;/b&gt;(7): 522-530.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/991639072975813973'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/991639072975813973'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2012/09/sindrome-da-pessoa-rigida-stiff-person.html' title='Síndrome da Pessoa Rígida (Stiff-Person Syndrome). Critérios Diagnósticos de Dalakas.'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj46kTi5QFy3he_wff06v9aUaaKyiD259GYPFdRSncHVmTyDWvUBoWCs76NGKqFOqgf9dei81HfW-wSjBg2agfE0CSvdP67Zn52N0cIxt9IxUwaYFJUF3WGbSzXMVI2V8lCS-2hIpe_f-V/s72-c/Captura+de+Tela+2012-09-14+a%CC%80s+21.53.18.png" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-3389268631479344739</id><published>2012-08-30T15:42:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2012-08-30T16:03:20.467-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="2010"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="2011"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="critérios diagnósticos"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="esclerose múltipla"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="McDonald"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Polman"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="revisão"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="tradução"/><title type='text'>Critérios diagnósticos de Esclerose Múltipla. Revisão 2010 dos critérios de McDonald.</title><content type='html'>Como primeira postagem da série sobre critérios diagnósticos, posto a última revisão (publicada em fevereiro do ano passado) dos Critérios de McDonald para Esclerose Múltipla (2010). Houve importantes mudanças de definição nos critérios, com o objetivo de facilitar um diagnóstico mais precoce, porém com a mesma sensibilidade e especificidade que os critérios anteriores.&lt;br /&gt;
O artigo que dá suporte ao critério foi publicado na Annals of Neurology e é citado abaixo.&lt;br /&gt;
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A tradução aqui publicada é livre, feita pelo autor, e não representa posição oficial de nenhuma entidade, e pode conter inconsistências relacionadas a interpretação. Tem o objetivo somente de divulgação científica, para chamar a atenção de neurologistas para o tema, e não deve ser usada com propósitos diagnósticos. Para tanto, solicita-se que se use a tabela original publicada no artigo e o guia oficial de diretrizes de tratamento da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia.&lt;br /&gt;
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Artigo original:&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ana.22366/pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Polman, C. H., S. C. Reingold, et al. (2011). &quot;Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria.&quot; Ann Neurol 69(2): 292-302.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/3389268631479344739'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/3389268631479344739'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2012/08/criterios-diagnosticos-de-esclerose.html' title='Critérios diagnósticos de Esclerose Múltipla. Revisão 2010 dos critérios de McDonald.'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVqgVx2nQj3jekTC7UI_07d1VDouw-VZjFrWJbSxFZzpdSsq8n3Lr-Ux0LYhEIcn1C4ESv9slu70RkHm-qpZATypKFgTK9spYP7y87l7-Trnb1hvr0aJgR7APFLxtpVHJTEpX1KzJRTorz/s72-c/Captura+de+Tela+2012-08-29+a%CC%80s+18.24.41.png" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-8297414268164953589</id><published>2012-08-29T14:16:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2012-08-29T14:16:39.412-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Série sobre critérios diagnósticos</title><content type='html'>Tentaremos, nos próximos posts do blog, manter uma interação maior com o que se considera o uso da boa prática médica, que é o uso de critérios específicos para o diagnóstico das doenças seja mais preciso, menos equívoco.&lt;br /&gt;
Desse forma, buscarei fazer uma compilação do que houver de mais recente em termos de critérios diagnósticos em doenças que tenham grande importância clínica para o neurologista.&lt;br /&gt;
Espero que essas publicações tenham utilidade prática como um guia.&lt;br /&gt;
Sempre que possível, será citado, como fonte, o artigo original que motivou a publicação e a adoção dos critérios, em cada doença que porventura venha a ser listada.&lt;br /&gt;
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Iniciaremos, no próximo post, com os critérios diagnóstico de McDonald para a Esclerose Múltipla, conforme revisão feita por painel de especialistas em 2010, publicada em 2011.</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8297414268164953589'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8297414268164953589'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2012/08/serie-sobre-criterios-diagnosticos.html' title='Série sobre critérios diagnósticos'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-8529368040164263135</id><published>2012-08-08T16:40:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2012-08-08T16:43:27.593-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="2012"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="academia brasileira de neurologia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="brasileiro"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="congresso"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="goiania"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="neurologia"/><title type='text'>XXV Congresso Brasileiro de Neurologia - Goiânia, 2012</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6txQrniYf1P8np_o7Li8wP8Z9lp_J_rPDtWK_89qnWJOPJF4214rS0XWUW6in3hzMzaxNEj3qSFbQGAF7rQ009f6prm6Atw1sK_0p-d6dKU5D1p6OR5fcfQfZv3Lc_SFf13n3XtsmzHdt/s1600/CBN2012.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6txQrniYf1P8np_o7Li8wP8Z9lp_J_rPDtWK_89qnWJOPJF4214rS0XWUW6in3hzMzaxNEj3qSFbQGAF7rQ009f6prm6Atw1sK_0p-d6dKU5D1p6OR5fcfQfZv3Lc_SFf13n3XtsmzHdt/s1600/CBN2012.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Participei, durante os últimos 5 dias, do maior evento nacional da neurologia, o XXV Congresso Brasileiro de Neurologia, que tomou forma no Centro de Convenções de Goiânia, entre os dias 4 e 8 de agosto de 2012, e que, acredito, contou com a participação de cerca de 3 mil pessoas, segundo informação não oficial.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #3d85c6; font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.neurogoiania2012.com.br/&quot;&gt;http://www.neurogoiania2012.com.br/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Gostaria de parabenizar a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.abneuro.org/&quot;&gt;Academia Brasileira de Neurologia&lt;/a&gt; pela grandiosidade do evento. Houve uma seleção bastante apropriada de temas para educação médica continuada e atualização sobre as últimas pesquisas em cada área de atuação do neurologista.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8529368040164263135'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/8529368040164263135'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2012/08/xxv-congresso-brasileiro-de-neurologia.html' title='XXV Congresso Brasileiro de Neurologia - Goiânia, 2012'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6txQrniYf1P8np_o7Li8wP8Z9lp_J_rPDtWK_89qnWJOPJF4214rS0XWUW6in3hzMzaxNEj3qSFbQGAF7rQ009f6prm6Atw1sK_0p-d6dKU5D1p6OR5fcfQfZv3Lc_SFf13n3XtsmzHdt/s72-c/CBN2012.png" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-1591941396755930652</id><published>2011-07-31T13:55:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-31T13:58:03.787-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cefaleia em salvas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cefaliatria"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cluster headache"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="headache"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="neurologia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="oxigenioterapia aguda"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="triptano"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="verapamil"/><title type='text'>Cefaléia em salvas - tratamento agudo e profilático</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Publicada na &lt;i&gt;Headache&lt;/i&gt; deste ano, esta revisão aborda as evidências mais recentes sobre tal intensa cefaléia, que tem sintomas trigêmino autonômicos, em suas formas episódica (com ataques circanuais) e crônica. Fala sobre os triptanos e o oxigênio inalatório como tratamento padrão da fase aguda e da predominância dos bloqueadores de canal de cálcio (especialmente o verapamil) no tratamento profilático. Versa ainda sobre o uso de anticonvulsivantes (topiramato, acido valproico e gabapentina) e lítio para este propósito.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;A terapia de transição da crise aguda com corticoesteróides também é abordada.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Em resumo, é um artigo muito interessante, recente e completo sobre o assunto. Também um&lt;i&gt; must-read&lt;/i&gt; para neurologistas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQLcX04hjdH_Du6ZVIb3dg4sxA93-6AXGS7_GcHUohFiwDpP7r70DgF9oH1wh416U01pzNAuMLwacKs2W1eFBn2Y4WkPbFmXcUvwkAufkQz_1OffvNuSAwM4ZDUtdKuGEAF1bNC33ihM1B/s1600/cluster-headaches-and-their-symptoms-300x163.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;108&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQLcX04hjdH_Du6ZVIb3dg4sxA93-6AXGS7_GcHUohFiwDpP7r70DgF9oH1wh416U01pzNAuMLwacKs2W1eFBn2Y4WkPbFmXcUvwkAufkQz_1OffvNuSAwM4ZDUtdKuGEAF1bNC33ihM1B/s200/cluster-headaches-and-their-symptoms-300x163.jpg&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2010.01830.x/pdf&quot;&gt;1. Ashkenazi A, Schwedt T. Cluster headache--acute and prophylactic therapy. &lt;i&gt;Headache&lt;/i&gt;. 2011;51(2):272-86.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/1591941396755930652'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/1591941396755930652'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2011/07/cefaleia-em-salvas-tratamento-agudo-e.html' title='Cefaléia em salvas - tratamento agudo e profilático'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQLcX04hjdH_Du6ZVIb3dg4sxA93-6AXGS7_GcHUohFiwDpP7r70DgF9oH1wh416U01pzNAuMLwacKs2W1eFBn2Y4WkPbFmXcUvwkAufkQz_1OffvNuSAwM4ZDUtdKuGEAF1bNC33ihM1B/s72-c/cluster-headaches-and-their-symptoms-300x163.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-9163652995813055984</id><published>2011-07-31T13:40:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-31T13:40:54.511-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="aac"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="angiopatia amiloide cerebral"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="beta-amiloide"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="demensia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hemorragia lobar"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="idoso"/><title type='text'>Hemorragia lobar e angiopatia amilóide cerebral - critérios de Boston e achados de imagem</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;A angiopatia amilóide cerebral é uma causa de hemorragia lobar em indivíduos idosos geralmente pouco reconhecida na prática clínica. Acontece devido a deposição de proteína beta-amilóide nos vasos corticais, subcorticais ou leptomeníngeos. O diagnóstico in vivo ainda é uma grande desafio. Para aumentar o conhecimento sobre o assunto, sugiro a leitura de dois artigos: o primeiro, da Radiographics, sobre o diagnóstico por imagem, e o segundo, da Neurological sciences, com aspectos clínicos e de fisiopatologia.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot; id=&quot;sec-10&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;subsection&quot; id=&quot;sec-11&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #191919; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; display: inline; font-family: Georgia, &#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;Critérios de Boston para Angiopatia amilóide cerebral (AAC)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;subsection&quot; id=&quot;sec-11&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;subsection&quot; id=&quot;sec-15&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;list-unord&quot; id=&quot;list-4&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 5%; margin-top: 1em; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhykvieWEXXP6RJNEDGyYZPKM36iXYzNylLxNOHgKF0mwHf-mMK7H7SbXUUqF30XUa7SnCLDQPS_vGTEanEjw0vTL1OmPNZBenjIasVtZKrTAHb_kDQeDiaQAVVWzgckBEwllrTwnpaOfLg/s1600/F9.medium.gif&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhykvieWEXXP6RJNEDGyYZPKM36iXYzNylLxNOHgKF0mwHf-mMK7H7SbXUUqF30XUa7SnCLDQPS_vGTEanEjw0vTL1OmPNZBenjIasVtZKrTAHb_kDQeDiaQAVVWzgckBEwllrTwnpaOfLg/s200/F9.medium.gif&quot; width=&quot;170&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;list-item-12&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;AAC Definida&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Exame postmortem completo (necrópsia) demonstrando:&lt;br /&gt;
Hemorragia lobar cortical ou corticosubcortical;&lt;br /&gt;
AAC grave com vasculopatia&lt;br /&gt;
Ausência de outra lesão diagnóstica&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;AAC Provável com suporte por anatomopatológico&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dados clínicos e tecido de anatomopatologico (hematoma evacuado ou biópsia cortical), mostrando: &lt;br /&gt;
Hemorragia lobar cortical ou corticosubcortical&lt;br /&gt;
Algum grau de AAC no espécime&lt;br /&gt;
Ausência de outra lesão diagnóstica&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;AAC provável&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Dados clínicos e TC ou RNM mostrando:&lt;br /&gt;
Múltiplas hemorragias restritas às regiões lobar, cortical ou corticosubcortical (hemorragia cerebelar é permitida) &lt;br /&gt;
Idade ≥55 anos&lt;br /&gt;
Ausência de outra causa de hemorragia&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;AAC possível&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Dados clínicos e TC ou RNM mostrando:&lt;br /&gt;
Hemorragia lobal, cortical, corticosubcortical única&lt;br /&gt;
Idade ≥55 anos&lt;br /&gt;
Ausência de outra causa de hemorragia&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;p-48&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #191919; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 15px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 19px;&quot;&gt;Referências:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;p-48&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #191919; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 15px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 19px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/26/5/1517.long&quot;&gt;1. Chao CP, Kotsenas AL, Broderick DF. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy: CT and MR imaging findings. &lt;i&gt;Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc&lt;/i&gt;. 2006;26(5):1517-31.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;p-48&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #191919; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 15px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 19px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.utp.edu.co/internaumana/files/2010/10/angipatia-amiloide-4.pdf&quot;&gt;2. Pezzini A, Padovani A. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related hemorrhages. &lt;i&gt;Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology&lt;/i&gt;. 2008;29 Suppl 2:S260-3.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section ack&quot; id=&quot;ack-1&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; clear: both; color: #191919; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;section-nav&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; float: right; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;prev-section-link&quot; href=&quot;http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/40/9/3022.long#sec-10&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url(http://stroke.ahajournals.org/shared/img/content/up.gif); background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #22428f; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: 15px; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 9px; word-wrap: break-word;&quot; title=&quot;Appendix&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; left: -9999px; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: absolute; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Previous Section&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;next-section-link&quot; href=&quot;http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/40/9/3022.long#ref-list-1&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url(http://stroke.ahajournals.org/shared/img/content/down.gif); background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #22428f; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: 15px; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 9px; word-wrap: break-word;&quot; title=&quot;References&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; left: -9999px; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-style: none; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: absolute; text-align: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Next Section&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/9163652995813055984'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/9163652995813055984'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2011/07/hemorragia-lobar-e-angiopatia-amiloide.html' title='Hemorragia lobar e angiopatia amilóide cerebral - critérios de Boston e achados de imagem'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhykvieWEXXP6RJNEDGyYZPKM36iXYzNylLxNOHgKF0mwHf-mMK7H7SbXUUqF30XUa7SnCLDQPS_vGTEanEjw0vTL1OmPNZBenjIasVtZKrTAHb_kDQeDiaQAVVWzgckBEwllrTwnpaOfLg/s72-c/F9.medium.gif" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-2799637077225278998</id><published>2011-07-31T13:15:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-31T13:15:10.897-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="aneurismatico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="diretrizes da american heart association"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="guideline"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hemorragia subaracnóidea"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="hsa"/><title type='text'>Diretrizes de manejo da hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática (HSA) - Stroke / American Heart association</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Leitura obrigatória para todos os neurologistas e neurocirurgiões. Reúne as evidências sobre o uso de tratamento cirúrgico e endovascular, a prevenção e tratamento do vasoespasmo, detecção e tratamento de hidrocefalia, crises convulsivas, hiponatremia, e o papel das novas terapias propostas ate o momento, como o uso de sulfato de magnésio, antagonistas de endotelina, estatinas, hipotermia, corticoesteróides, antifibrinolíticos e, até mesmo, trombolíticos intratecais.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjulJJRCL3BTJRJXq2q0bMORlNm4DYhH1TVDSFHjZOwFQ1H9cE4ygXCIGI-PXpcPiToiL6f8hIld4nWWAkZrE0a62LAxebrA7plkLiaM-VlhLIKI1pAZCLq22_T7I6_GJObkF-EJT-0D5BI/s1600/a5cb66cface77dbfa64d9e6d2db23004.wix_mp.jpeg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjulJJRCL3BTJRJXq2q0bMORlNm4DYhH1TVDSFHjZOwFQ1H9cE4ygXCIGI-PXpcPiToiL6f8hIld4nWWAkZrE0a62LAxebrA7plkLiaM-VlhLIKI1pAZCLq22_T7I6_GJObkF-EJT-0D5BI/s200/a5cb66cface77dbfa64d9e6d2db23004.wix_mp.jpeg&quot; width=&quot;199&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/40/3/994.full.pdf+html&quot;&gt;1. Bederson JB, Connolly ES, Batjer HH, et al. Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. &lt;i&gt;Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation&lt;/i&gt;. 2009;40(3):994-1025.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/2799637077225278998'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/2799637077225278998'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2011/07/diretrizes-de-manejo-da-hemorragia.html' title='Diretrizes de manejo da hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática (HSA) - Stroke / American Heart association'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjulJJRCL3BTJRJXq2q0bMORlNm4DYhH1TVDSFHjZOwFQ1H9cE4ygXCIGI-PXpcPiToiL6f8hIld4nWWAkZrE0a62LAxebrA7plkLiaM-VlhLIKI1pAZCLq22_T7I6_GJObkF-EJT-0D5BI/s72-c/a5cb66cface77dbfa64d9e6d2db23004.wix_mp.jpeg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5131474479591657332.post-3310240884717406353</id><published>2011-07-11T21:08:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2011-07-11T21:08:14.368-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="anti-mag"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cidp"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="glicoproteina"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mielina"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="neuropatia motora multifocal"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="nmm"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="pidc"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="polirradiculopatia desmielinizante cronica"/><title type='text'>Tratamentos atuais das polineuropatias desmielinizantes imuno-mediadas</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Segue artigo relativamente recente (maio de 2009), feito na Universidade de Columbia (Nova York), e publicado no periódico Muscle e Nerve, sobre as evidências científicas atuais sobre o tratamento das principais polineuropatias desmielinizantes auto-imunes, quais sejam, polirradiculopatia inflamatória desmielinizante crônica (PIDC), neuropatia associada ao anticorpo anti-glicoproteína associada a mielina (anti-MAG) e neuropatia motora multifocal (NMM). O artigo fala sobre o uso de corticoesteróides, imunoglobulina, plasmaférese, ciclosporina, ciclofosfamida, fludarabina, transplante de células tronco hematopoéticas, azatioprina, micofenolato mofetil, etanercept, rituximab e alemtuzumab, chamando atenção ao nível de evidência para indicação de cada tratamento, até então.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;1. &lt;a href=&quot;http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mus.21277/pdf&quot;&gt;Brannagan TH. Current treatments of chronic immune-mediated demyelinating polyneuropathies. &lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mus.21277/pdf&quot;&gt;Muscle &amp;amp; nerve&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mus.21277/pdf&quot;&gt;. 2009;39(5):563-78.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTeSAS2IvgSpmc7c-QuNz0BiSgw90lKqOeDcdG5NWPJakjBSeP1wGE4JWmtu45FKpayV9NecfeLIfDFWRt7w12N8j7QJqKc-eZSimarj-EG0DRYdxiuFFm5tcmCFzB6lTikTPE_QJgamvk/s1600/Captura+de+tela+2011-07-12+a%25CC%2580s+01.06.33.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;160&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTeSAS2IvgSpmc7c-QuNz0BiSgw90lKqOeDcdG5NWPJakjBSeP1wGE4JWmtu45FKpayV9NecfeLIfDFWRt7w12N8j7QJqKc-eZSimarj-EG0DRYdxiuFFm5tcmCFzB6lTikTPE_QJgamvk/s640/Captura+de+tela+2011-07-12+a%25CC%2580s+01.06.33.png&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/3310240884717406353'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5131474479591657332/posts/default/3310240884717406353'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://pedrorpb.blogspot.com/2011/07/tratamentos-atuais-das-polineuropatias.html' title='Tratamentos atuais das polineuropatias desmielinizantes imuno-mediadas'/><author><name>Unknown</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTeSAS2IvgSpmc7c-QuNz0BiSgw90lKqOeDcdG5NWPJakjBSeP1wGE4JWmtu45FKpayV9NecfeLIfDFWRt7w12N8j7QJqKc-eZSimarj-EG0DRYdxiuFFm5tcmCFzB6lTikTPE_QJgamvk/s72-c/Captura+de+tela+2011-07-12+a%25CC%2580s+01.06.33.png" height="72" width="72"/></entry></feed>