tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-100062252024-03-13T18:27:46.835+01:00newnatureThe view from here and ahead -
The blogging part of my website: peterhesseldahl.dk.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.comBlogger367125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-6262476860068819062016-06-08T11:15:00.001+02:002016-06-08T11:32:35.872+02:00Beyond words – reflections from a 4-day gathering in Svalbard<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCUN-nUSHuum3aag5ghsGZCxcvy6nDd0vo1OPNn1i_KAVmccsdWd2T69DvhSBQ-xSXhBBZ0SEgj7eM9EoMBeHjj2u2JLlpyIpJmUywEny0GT8zFam7hF8BB2_gFXYBwrdz7sh1/s1600/sl%25C3%25A6dehunde.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCUN-nUSHuum3aag5ghsGZCxcvy6nDd0vo1OPNn1i_KAVmccsdWd2T69DvhSBQ-xSXhBBZ0SEgj7eM9EoMBeHjj2u2JLlpyIpJmUywEny0GT8zFam7hF8BB2_gFXYBwrdz7sh1/s400/sl%25C3%25A6dehunde.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A few weeks
ago I participated in an amazing 4 day gathering of about 100 people from all
over the world in Svalbard – way up North. <o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">I was
invited by The Aurora Borealis Foundation, a Swedish-Chinese organization,
which works to explore ways in which human civilization can adapt to the
rapidly changing conditions we live in. <o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It was one
of those occasions where you run out of superlatives. It was very intense,
touching, inspiring, scary and beautiful. <o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>I have
tried to assemble my reflections in the following page, starting from the
in-adequacy of our words to express and capture the challenges we face.</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i><br /></i></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
Svalbard gathering was very much about words. Listening, discussing, and searching
for words to create a new narrative from which we can understand our situation
and act to pursue a better world. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Given how
acute it seems to create change, and how complex the challenges we face are,
the words we can come up with may seem inadequate, even banal. Clearly, words
alone are not enough to convey the depths of what we are trying to express – it
takes music, images, dancing… and action, of course.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Never the
less, the language we use is important. Words and categorizations define and
delimit our thinking. An important part of the change we need is to move beyond
old categories and to re-define some central terms.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Words like ”growth”,
”productivity” and ”development” are losing their usual meaning, changing from
positive to negative as more conventional growth increasingly seems like less
real growth. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Likewise, in
our new narrative, we need to acknowledge that ”value” and ”money” are not the
same. Certainly, there is overlap, but much of what it most valuable to us has
very little monetary value - like love, community, harmony, joy, trust, or the
beauty of nature.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The economy
is an immensely powerful engine of creation – but there’s a bug in the operating
system: Money is the only value it can measure. The economy is set up to
maximize the production of money, and that is what it single-mindedly delivers,
even if it means neglecting and destroying other values that give our lives meaning.
Now, we must fix the algorithm to make the system create values beyond money.
We must demand that, which we really want the economy to produce. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The split
between rationality and mystery is another core issue that we lack words to
reconcile. Science can wrestle solid facts from the fog of mystery, gradually
turning what used to reside in the metaphysical realm into laws of nature,
which can be predictably calculated and operationalized. Still, there is always
another layer below, which we simply don’t understand. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Compartmentalizing
our worldviews into either being atheist or religious seems to prevents us from
addressing and seeing the world as it is. Can’t we insist on scientific
reasoning and demand hard facts as the basis for thinking and decision making –
while remaining in awe of the mystery and beauty of it all? Can’t we have
agency and assume our responsibility to act to improve the world around us –
yet realize that, ultimately, we are completely at the mercy of much greater
powers beyond humans?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
narrative of our future is about co-existing with paradoxes and opposites. We
are becoming ever more connected and interdependent. We should see diversity
and increased complexity as an enrichment, rather than a threat to our
conventions. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Yet, how do
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relative and negotiable – or are there absolutes; values which we <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">know</i> are right and which we will defend
without compromise? What is so sacred that you cannot question it? And what shall
we do if we find that others do not agree?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The
yin/yang symbol beautifully shows how every element carries its opposite
within. There is no renewal without destruction, no life without death, no
victory without the seeds of future loss. Up and down, round and around. Inching
our way up the evolutionary ladder. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Scary, but
hopeful, too. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><i><br /></i></span></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-14996829245014509152015-09-15T14:40:00.000+02:002015-09-15T15:41:59.818+02:00Sharing economy - or public service 2.0<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There's a <a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/3050775/the-sharing-economy-is-dead-and-we-killed-it">Very interesting article in Fast Company </a>about how the majority of services in the
sharing economy are failing to attract use. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It confirms
many of the findings from my own work. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/3050775/the-sharing-economy-is-dead-and-we-killed-it">http://www.fastcompany.com/3050775/the-sharing-economy-is-dead-and-we-killed-it</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the
research for the We-economy project, I have not come across any sharing
services of the sharing-among-neighbors kind, that are actually making money.
Even Street club, the British service operated by Kingfisher DIY stores, has
folded its activities into a grassroots organization called Street Bank,
supported by grants. I talked to both Kingfisher and to the manager of Street
Bank, and they are quite clear, that this sort of activity cannot survive on
purely commercial terms. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Clearly, true
sharing services can have value beyond money. They can strengthen social
cohesion and have environmental benefits – but they cannot generate money in
significant quantities. In a sense, that’s actually the point: That they remove
revenue and offer savings for participants. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The many different outfits that are currently operating under the ”sharing economy”
label really belong to very different categories. There are commercial,
micro-rental services like Uber and airbnb – and there are actual sharing
services, which by nature are rather non-profit, but may be valuable in other
ways. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I believe
that this last, non-commercial category of sharing platforms might be
considered a new type of public service – like state-owned media or libraries.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Historically,
public services have been functions in society for which it was clearly in the
general interest of society that everyone had access – but which would not be
established if left to the market forces. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The rewards
of creating these services might be too long-term, or the rewards might be
in-direct, cultural, and hard to monetize. Radio and Television channels,
libraries, postal service or the telephone network are examples of large-scale
services, which were operated by the public sector. Being public services, they
upgraded everyone to the next level of societal participation and thereby
supported further development and a higher general standard of living. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I have
recently worked in a Danish ministerial think tank on smart cities, and one of
my conclusions from those discussions are, that as we move towards smart
cities, we will need a basic platform for coordinating everyday activities that
is non-commercial – otherwise some very fundamental aspects of what is
available and acceptable will be controlled by Google, Facebook etc. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The
commercial giants do a great job, but I believe that there is a need for some
additional levels of service provided on a non-commercial basis if we want to ensure
that everyone has decent access and reasonably equal opportunity to participate
and benefit. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Examples of
this could be the type of concepts found in the sharing economy: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Services to share tools, meals, houses, cars,
gardens and parking spaces. Digital platforms that connect people with skills
and a wish to help users that need assistance with small tasks. Electronic
bulletin boards, which allow the inhabitants in a local community to announce
or discover social and cultural activities. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Such
services can connect community members and build up social capital and
coherence – and they should be part of the smart cities of the future. But they
are not commercially viable. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">All of this leads to the conclusion that it is
entirely reasonable to explore if the next type of public service suitable for
tomorrow’s smart cities should be a ”citizens network”, established and funded
by the government. <o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Talking
about such networks in terms of public service allows us to be less apologetic
for the fact that you can’t wring enough money out of them to make them work as
business – and it allows us to think much more ambitiously about the
functionality of the networks. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A citizens’
network featuring these types of services could create better communication
among citizens, it could make it much more transparent what takes place in the
local community, it could create new ways of participating in local democracy,
it could be the ”help desk” for the information society… And the more functions
the network would integrate (including private services and local media), the
better chances are that it could indeed reach critical mass of use and users to
become the preferred app for interacting with all things local. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This could
be the next version of a true sharing economy.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-88870333645340958402015-08-21T09:08:00.001+02:002015-08-21T09:08:18.199+02:00Product of the future: This is not your grandfather’s car<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">An example to illustrate the points I make in <a href="http://newnature.blogspot.dk/2015/08/what-will-product-of-future-be-like.html">my essay on the product of the future: </a></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The car of
the future will still have wheels and be designed to bring passengers from A to
B - but almost everything else about it will be different.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Cars are
the classic industrial product. Ford’s enormous factories took in steel and
rubber at one end, and spit out millions of identical cars at the other end of
the production line.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The car of
the future can be individually configured in great detail. Already, many car
companies provide online tools that enable the customer to specify exactly what
color, engine and trim the car shall be equipped with. The next generations of
cars will be electronic and controlled by computers so they can re-programmed through
apps and updates to the operating systems – it could be for changing the car’s
sound, the interior lighting or its driving characteristics. Tesla, for
example, recently released a new OS that makes the car able to automatically
park and to stay within highway lanes. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The cost of
developing and producing the car will increasingly be linked to electronics and
software. Navigation, surveillance, coordinating with other cars and traffic
systems, entertainment and information to passengers ... No longer are steel
and rubber the main expenditure.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The
electronic part of the car’s functionality is also where development moves fast
- if not exponentially – along with more powerful computers, big data and
artificial intelligence.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The car of
the future will be constantly connected to the surrounding traffic. It will exchange
observations about its position and the traffic conditions. Initially, this
will make it easier to manage traffic, avoid traffic jams and find parking
spaces, but as the car becomes increasingly automated and self-driving it will
need to tightly coordinate with the cars around it.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Today, most
cars are personally owned, but a growing number of people use car- or
ride-sharing services, or they lease the car. When vehicles become autonomous, it
will be a relief for many not to own a car. You will be able to book a car to pick
you up, get you to your destination – and then take off to help other
passengers. When the car is part of a pool of cars, the business model changes
significantly. As does the relationship and attachment that many owners today
have towards their car.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Finally,
the car is increasingly just one of a number of elements that can be combined
to provide a mobility solution. The exact combination of car, train, bicycle or
busses, which best solves a person's needs in a specific situation can be composed
for the occasion. It is the mobility solution, not the car, which the user pays
for.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-35000711333186463362015-08-21T09:07:00.000+02:002015-08-21T09:09:01.522+02:00What will the product of the future be like?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Generally, all products will become part
virtual, part physical. They will be connected, reconfigurable and – hopefully
– smart. Also, the business model for their manufacturers will be dramatically
different. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.innovationmanagement.se/2015/08/21/the-product-of-the-future/">This essay was published in Innovation Management magazine</a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As we moved
forward through history and as technology evolved, our products and devices got
more complex. The supply chain and the number of people and skills involved in
production kept growing – as did the number of supporting factors that needed
to be in place for the device to work. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It’s hard
to see that this trend towards greater complexity and connectivity should not continue.
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Large
supporting infrastructure<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">An old-fashioned
pencil doesn’t require much in terms of supporting infrastructure. An eraser
and a sharpener are useful additions, but most of the time, the pencil works
well on its own. It’s simple and robust, but as a communication device it’s abilities
are rather limited. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In
contrast, an electronic tablet is a very different device. It will not work
fully without electricity, software, and an Internet connection. Not only can
you write words with, you can record and edit video, and you can send it
instantly to someone else – or to everyone. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Increasingly
complex supply chain <o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Even
producing a simple pencil requires a complex supply chain of wood, graphite,
paint and glue – but that is nothing compared to the number of players involved
in delivering the functionality of a tablet. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Try to
think through how many companies are feeding in to the process – and which
consequently need to be coordinated and must adhere to the same standards and
conditions in order to cooperate… The network easily extends to thousands of
companies and millions of people. Display and chips, electricity, connectivity,
various software, GPS signals – plus a whole Internet’s worth of content. It
all comes together (almost) seamlessly – and that’s what it takes to produce
the next level of utility for users. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The future production
of value will take place in increasingly complex networks coordinating large
numbers of contributors. Closer collaboration is a pre-condition. No one can
produce this type of utility alone. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hardware
and software allows reconfiguration <o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You can get
red, blue, green, hard or soft pencils – and you can get a certain variety of
tablets. But tablets are a different species, because it can be
completely reconfigured and customized depending on what software is installed.
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The value
of the tablet comes from the combination of hardware and software. The physical
object can be standardized, we may all be using more or less the same phone or
tablet – but my tablet is likely to be set up quite differently than yours. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It’s an
advantage to have objects and devices, which are similar, so they can be mass-produced
at low cost, but which can run a wide variety of applications. However, it’s
difficult to make much money from manufacturing commodity items, which are
practically the same as everyone else’s. Instead profits will shift towards
software and services that run on top of devices. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Connected
to the network<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Embedding
computing power is hardly news. Over the past decades, we’ve seen chips built
into everything from toothbrushes to doorknobs. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">What
happens next significantly changes the game again: When all of those chips
connect to the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Internet of Things</i>.
They will be in touch with everything else; coordinating, exchanging data,
adjusting, learning. An increasing part of the value that the product of the
future offers, compared with conventional devices, will come from the
connectivity. This is where growth will happen. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Smart,
contextualized solutions<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The product
of the future is not a stand-alone device. Whether is jet engine or food
processor it will be working in combination with many other devices to create
solutions that fit the users’ needs in a particular context. The defining unit
in the economy will not be the individual device, but the solution or process,
which solves the customer’s current needs. It’s the difference between selling
thermostats and selling comfort in a building. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Such
solutions will be based on the vast and detailed streams of data that our
sensing and communicating objects will create. Ideally, this will result in
”smart” systems, where all sorts of devices cooperate to deliver optimized
solutions at low cost. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">And again,
this points to the basic condition; that value creation will happen in
collaboration. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Both
virtual and physical <o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A much
greater part of a product’s value will not reside in the physical object. What
the product offers will depend on the many services, processes and data, which
are layered on top of the physical object - virtual <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">superstructure.</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Crucially, the
manufacturer of the physical device will not make many of these services. Applications,
tutorials, and user forums, support services – these can be created by third
parties and users themselves. Never the less, they contribute to the value and
competitiveness of the device.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Objects will
be individually identified. They will have an address, an increasingly detailed
profile, and an Internet presence that others can interact with. The materials
that it was made from, and it’s consumption and yield will be tracked
throughout the product’s life cycle. In a sense each object will have virtual
doppelganger, consisting of all the data associated with it. Increasingly, it
will be meaningless to distinguish between the physical and virtual sides of an
object’s functionality. And yes, this includes toothbrushes, doorknobs… <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">anything</i>, basically. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Instances,
created for the moment<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">How objects
are created may be very different, too. Although, most of our physical objects
will still be mass produced and probably more standardized across the globe,
many products or parts of products will be made specifically for the user.
Flexible robots and 3D printers will make it ever cheaper to customize objects.
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Such
products exist virtually – basically as a collection of instructions and
design, which can be modified or mixed with parts from other companies. It will
only be manufactured physically once a particular user has configured it and
clicked the “buy” button.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Just like the
utility of a product will emerge when it’s combined with a number of other devices
and services to create a solution that fits the current context, the physical
product itself becomes a solution, assembled for a specific context. It may
never be made exactly the same way again. One could call it <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">an instance</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">From
finished products to tools for collaboration<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This will
require a change in approach to design and development. 3D printing naturally
lends itself to collaboration and participation from many contributors,
including the end-users. For companies, this implies that they may be selling
blueprints to parts or selling access to systems that allow users to configure
individual instances of an object. However, this business model requires a
shift in focus. Instead of designing and delivering finished objects, a company
must create tools that invite users and other companies to use the company’s
designs and participate in co-creation. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">No
manufacturing, no distribution costs<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One
consequence could be that companies drop manufacturing their products
altogether. Since the final instructions can be sent and printed out on any
printer, a company can distribute globally at almost no cost. Factories may function
as local, generic centers, which can print and assemble whatever customers
upload for manufacturing.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Old
categories and roles are mixed up. It’s hard to distinguish one company from another;
they collaborate for a solution, and then regroup with others to generate the
next instance. It’s like the “Hollywood economy”, where movies are produced by
assembling a new team of actors, photographers, director, distributor etc. for
each film. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Access
rather than ownership<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The way we
access products will change as well. If the next level of value for users is a
matter of how well a number of products can be coordinated to serve the user in
a particular situation, then <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">flexibility</i>
is crucial. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It becomes
less attractive to own a product permanently, and better to have access to
combine lots of different products to match changing needs and circumstances.
Already products like carpets, cars, apartments and specialized tools are sold
as services, which users subscribe to or rent. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As the cost
of coordinating resources and needs fall, more products will be accessed
temporarily through digital platforms – as we see in so-called <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">sharing economy</i>. Obviously, this will
require new business models – similar to the way the music and media industry
has been forced to change. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This
changes everything…<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">All of these
changes will affect more or less any product. Whether its cars, hospital beds,
tennis rackets, lamps, valves, office chairs, their future version will be
different in many of the same ways that a tablet is different from a pen. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">They will
be connected, networked, coordinated and reconfigured for specific contexts.
They will be both virtual and physical, and their main value will not be what
they can do on their own, but how well they can be integrated into larger
solutions. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Obviously, the
companies that produce them will also need to organize their business model and
value creation in very different ways in order to thrive in the future. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://newnature.blogspot.dk/2015/08/product-of-future-this-is-not-your.html">An example: this is not your grandfather's car</a></span></span></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-88757433634316965692015-08-21T08:57:00.000+02:002015-08-21T08:57:23.637+02:00Fremtidens produkt: Biler bliver noget ganske andet<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">En eksempel til at illustrere pointerne i <a href="http://newnature.blogspot.dk/2015/08/hvordan-vil-vre-fremtidens-produkt-vre.html">mit essay om fremtidens produkt:</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fremtidens bil vil stadig have hjul og være beregnet til at
køre fra A til B, men stort set alt andet vil være anderledes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Biler er det klassiske industrielle produkt. Fords enorme
fabrikker kunne tage stål og gummi ind i den ene ende, og spytte millioner af
helt ens biler ud for enden af samlebåndet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fremtidens bil vil kunne konfigureres i detaljer. Mange
biler tilbyder i dag online værktøjer, der gør det muligt for kunden at angive
præcist, hvilken farve, motor og indtræk, bilen skal fremstilles med. Biler,
der er elektroniske og styret af computere, vil kunne programmeres og opdateres
med apps og nye styresystemer – hvad enten det er lyden, kabinelyset eller
køreegenskaberne. Tesla har eksempelvis netop udsendt en ny version af
software, der gør bilen i stand til at holde sig i vognbanen automatisk. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Omkostningerne ved udvikle og fremstille bilen vil i
stigende grad være knyttet til elektronik og software. Navigation, overvågning,
kontakt til andre biler og trafiksystemer, underholdning og information til
passagererne… Det er ikke længere stål og gummi, der er den vigtigste udgift. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Den elektroniske del af bilens funktion er også der, hvor
udviklingen går stærkt – hvis ikke ligefrem eksponentielt, i takt med stærkere
computere, big data og kunstig intelligens. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fremtidens bil vil være konstant opkoblet og i kontakt med
den omgivende trafik. Den vil sende observationer om sin position og om
trafikforhold, ligesom den løbende vil modtage data. I første omgang vil det
gøre det lettere at styre trafikken, undgå trafikpropper og finde
parkeringspladser, men efterhånden som bilen bliver selvkørende, vil den skulle
koordineres tæt med bilerne omkring den.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">De fleste biler er i dag personligt ejet, men stadig flere
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biler, vil det for mange være en lettelse, at kunne bestille en bil, der henter
og bringer en til sit destination og så kører videre med nye passagerer. Når
bilen er en del af en pulje af biler, forandres forretningsmodellen markant.
Det samme gør den tilknytning som mange ejere i dag har til deres bil. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--StartFragment-->
<!--EndFragment--><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Bilen bliver én af en række elementer, der tilsammen leverer
en mobilitets-løsning. Hvilken kombination af bil, tog, cykel, delebil osv. der
bedst og billigst løser en bestemt persons behov i en specifik situation
sammensættes til lejligheden. Det er løsningen, ikke bilen, som brugeren
betaler for.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-27139190844839439412015-08-21T08:53:00.002+02:002015-08-21T08:59:46.128+02:00Hvordan vil være fremtidens produkt være?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hvordan vil fremtidens
produkt være forskelligt fra nutidens produkter?</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Helt overordnet vil
stort set alle produkter være halvt virtuelle, halvt fysiske. De vil være
forbundet til nettet, de vil kunne programmeres og konfigureres. Og de
økonomiske spilleregler for virksomhederne, der leverer dem, vil være markant
anderledes. <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://erhvervsfilosofi.dk/2015/08/saadan-ser-fremtidens-produkt-ud/">Artiklen kan også læses i bladet Erhvervsfilosofi</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gennem historien er vores produkter og apparater blevet stadig
mere komplekse, både i deres funktion og i måden, de produceres på. Forsyningskæden
bliver mere vidstrakt og det antal mennesker og kompetencer, der er involveret
i produktionen stiger – og det samme gør mængden af de omkringliggende og
understøttende faktorer, der skal være på plads for at produktet overhovedet
kan fungere. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Det er svært at se, at den tendens til større kompleksitet
og mere forbundethed ikke skulle fortsætte fremadrettet. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Stor understøttende infrastruktur<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">En gammeldags blyant kræver ikke meget i form af
understøttende infrastruktur. Et viskelæder og en blyantspidser er nyttige tilføjelser,
men det meste af tiden fungerer blyanten fint på egen hånd. Den er enkel og
robust, men som et redskab til at kommunikere, er blyantens egenskaber
unægtelig noget begrænsede. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Det moderne sidestykke er den elektronisk tablet - et ganske
anderledes stykke grej. Tabletten kan bestemt ikke klare sig alene. Den
fungerer ikke rigtigt uden elektricitet, software og en internetforbindelse. Til
gengæld kan man ikke alene skrive ord med den. Man kan tage billeder eller optage
og redigere video, og sende det øjeblikkeligt til en anden - eller til alle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mere kompleks forsyningskæde<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Selv en simpel blyant kræver en kompleks forsyningskæde at
producere. Man skal bruge træ, grafit, maling, lim osv. - men det er intet i
forhold til det antal af leverandører og faktorer, der er involveret i at skabe
en tablets funktionalitet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Prøv blot at tænke igennem, hvor mange virksomheder, der
føder ind i processen - og som derfor skal koordineres, og som alle skal
overholde de samme standarder og vilkår for at kunne samarbejde... Det netværk
omfatter let tusindvis af virksomheder og millioner af mennesker. Der skal være
display og chips, strøm, internet opkobling, diverse software, GPS signal – og
dertil et helt Internet af indhold og apps. Alt det samles i en enkel og
overskuelig dims, som vi kan stikke i lommen. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Den fremtidige værdiproduktion af værdi vil foregå i stadig
mere komplekse netværk, som koordinerer et stort antal deltagere i processen. De
tættere samspil er en forudsætning for at kunne skabe det næste niveau af
anvendelighed og værdi for brugerne. Ingen kan producere den slags alene.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Software gør hardware fleksibel og programmerbar<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Der er en vis variation i vores fysiske produkter. Du kan købe
røde, gule, grønne, og hårde eller bløde blyanter – ligesom der er et vist
udvalg af forskellige tablets. Men en tablet er væsensforskellig fra en blyant,
fordi den kan konfigureres og fungere på helt forskellige måder, afhængigt af,
hvilken software, der er installeret på den.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">En tablets værdi for den enkelte opstår i kombinationen af
hardware og software. Selve det fysiske objekt kan være helt standardiseret. Vi
bruger alle mere eller mindre den samme telefon eller tablet - men min tablet
vil sandsynligvis være indrettet meget anderledes end din. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Det er en fordel at have ensartede objekter og apparater, der
kan masseproduceres med lave omkostninger, men som kan afvikle en mangfoldighed
af vidt forskellige programmer. Men det er svært at tjene særlig godt på den
rent fysiske produktion af dimser, der kan næsten det som dem, alle andre
fremstiller. I stedet vil indtjeningen skifte i retning af software og
tjenester, der afvikles med de fysiske dimser som platform.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">På nettet<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Det er ikke ligefrem en nyhed, at man kan indlejre
computerkraft i genstande. Gennem de seneste årtier har vi set chips indbygget
i alt fra tandbørster til dørhåndtag.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Det næste skridt i den retning, vil endnu en gang ændre
spillet markant; når alle de små chips forbindes i <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the Internet of Things</i>. I princippet vil alle produkter og dimser
være forbundet med hinanden, og de kan koordinere, udveksle data, justere, og
tage ved lære. En stigende del af den nytte, som fremtidens produkt tilbyder, vil
opstå fordi dimsen er på nettet. Det er her, væksten i værdi vil ske.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Smarte, kontekstualiserede løsninger<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fremtidens produkt er ikke en <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">stand-alone</i> enhed. Hvad enten det er en flymotor eller en
røremaskine vil den blive brugt i kombination med mange andre enheder til at
skabe løsninger, der passer så præcist som muligt til brugernes behov i en
bestemt kontekst. Den afgørende enhed i økonomien er ikke det enkelte produkt,
men den samlede løsning eller process, som løbende løser kundens behov. Man kan
illustrere det som forskellen på at sælge en termostat og sælge komfort i
hjemmet. Det kan koordineres ved hjælp af de enorme og detaljerede datastrømme,
som vores sansende og kommunikerende objekter vil generere. Ideelt set vil det
føre til "intelligente" systemer, hvor mange forskellige slags
enheder samarbejder om at levere optimerede løsninger med lave omkostninger.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Igen understreger det den grundlæggende betingelse fremover;
at værdiskabelsen vil ske i tættere og mere omfattende samarbejder.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Både virtuelt og fysisk<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Det vil efterhånden være meningsløst at skelne mellem den
fysiske og virtuelle side af en genstands funktionalitet.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">En langt større del af det, et produkt kan gøre for brugeren,
vil ikke stamme fra den fysiske del af produktet. Produktets nytte og værdi vil
i stigende grad afhænge af de services, processer og data, som tilføjes som en virtuel
overbygning på den fysiske genstand. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Nok så vigtigt, så kan det meget vel være andre end producenten
af den fysiske enhed selv, der skaber de tjenester. Apps og programmer,
instruktionsvideoer, et bruger forum eller support-funktioner – de kan ligeså
vel leveres af tredjeparter eller brugerne selv. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Vores dimser vil ikke være anonyme. Hver genstand vil have sin
egen ID, en adresse, en stadig mere detaljeret profil, og en Internet
tilstedeværelse, som andre kan engagere sig med. De materialer de er sammensat
af, og deres forbrug og ydelse vil blive tracket igennem hele deres livscyklus.
Man kan sige, at alle genstande vil have en virtuel dobbeltgænger, i form af
alle data, der knyttet til den. Og ja, det gælder også tandbørster og
dørhåndtag ... det gælder <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">alle ting</i>,
dybest set. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>Forekomster</u></i><u>,
sammensat til lejligheden<o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Måden, fremtidens genstande vil blive fremstillet på, kan også
være meget forskellig fra dagens produktionsform. De fleste ting vil stadig blive
masseproduceret, og sandsynligvis vil de mest populære produkter endda være mere
ensartede over hele kloden. Men samtidig vil et voksende antal produkter, eller
dele af produkter, blive lavet specielt til den enkelte bruger. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fleksible robotter og 3D-printere vil gøre det stadigt
billigere at fremstille skræddersyede produkter. Den type produkter vil i høj
grad være virtuelle – dybest set er de en database af instruktioner og designs,
som kan ændres eller blandes med dele fra andre virksomheder. De vil kun blive
fremstillet fysisk, når en bestemt bruger har konfigureret en version og trykt
på ”køb” knappen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ligesom det enkelte produkts værdi vil opstå, når det
koordineres med en lang række andre enheder og tjenester til en løsning, der er
tilpasset en specifik brugers situation her og nu, så kan fysiske produkter
også blive løsninger, der er samlet af bidrag fra mange forskellige parter for
at passe til en bestemt sammenhæng. Præcist den samme genstand bliver måske
aldrig lavet igen. Man kunne kalde den <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">en
forekomst </i>– eller på engelsk:<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> An
instance</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fra færdige produkter til værktøjer til samarbejde<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">En mere sammenkoblet form for værdiskabelse vil kræve en
anden tilgang til design og udvikling. 3D-printede produkter egner sig
naturligt til at skabe i samarbejde og med deltagelse fra mange bidragsydere,
inklusive slutbrugerne. For virksomheder kunne det<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Indebære, at de kan sælge tegninger og designs til deres komponenter,
som andre så selv printer ud. Eller man kan sælge adgang til systemer, der
tillader brugere selv at konfigurere individuelle forekomster af et objekt. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Det kræver, at virksomheden ændrer sin forståelse af,
hvordan den leverer værdi. I stedet for at designe og levere færdige genstande,
skal en virksomhed skabe værktøjer og processer, der inviterer brugere og andre
virksomheder til at deltage i at sammensætte løsninger. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ingen omkostninger til fremstilling eller distribution <o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">En konsekvens kan blive, at nogle virksomheder helt dropper
selv at fremstille deres produkter. Når instruktioner og designs kan overføres
via nettet og udskrives på en 3D printer, kan en virksomhed distribuere globalt
næsten uden omkostninger. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I stedet for at være knyttet til en enkelt virksomhed kan fabrikker
få rollen som lokale, generelle fremstillingscentraler. I stedet for kun at
producere for en enkelt virksomheder, kan de udskrive og samle alle mulige
forskellige genstande, som deres kunder uploader til produktion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gamle kategorier og roller blandes grundigt. Det bliver
svært at skelne det ene selskab fra det andet; virksomhederne går sammen om
skabe en løsning - <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>hvorefter de omgrupperer
og samarbejder med andre om at generere den næste forekomst. Man taler om, at
det er en ”Hollywood økonomi”, fordi film produceres ved sammensætte et nyt
hold af skuespillere, fotografer, instruktør, distributør osv til hver film. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Adgang snarere end ejerskab<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Måden vi bruger produkter på, vil også ændres. Hvis det
næste, højere niveau af værdi for brugerne afhænger af, hvor godt en række
produkter kan koordineres til at tjene brugeren i en bestemt situation, så bliver
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">fleksibilitet</i> afgørende.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Det bliver mindre attraktivt at eje et produkt permanent, og
vigtigere at have adgang til at kombinere masser af forskellige produkter der
kan matche skiftende behov og omstændigheder. Allerede nu sælges produkter som
tæpper, biler, lejligheder og special-værktøj som services, som brugere kan
abonnere på eller leje. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Digitale platforme, som vi ser dem i dele-økonomien, vil
kunne koordinere udvekslingen af ressource, så det bliver lettere at få midlertidig
adgang til et produkt. Det vil naturligvis kræve nye forretningsmodeller – på
mange måder svarende til hvordan, musik- og mediebranchen er blevet tvunget til
forandring.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This changes <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">everything</i>…<o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Alle disse ændringer vil påvirke stort set ethvert produkt.
Uanset om det er biler, hospitalssenge, tennisketsjere, lamper, ventiler eller
kontorstole, vil den fremtidige udgave af dem være anderledes på mange af de samme
måder, som en tablet er forskellig fra en blyant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">De vil blive forbundne til internettet og i netværker, de
vil blive koordineret og re-konfigureret til specifikke kontekster. De vil være
både virtuelle og fysiske, og deres største værdi vil ikke være, det, de kan
gøre på egen hånd, men hvor godt de kan integreres i større, sammenhængende
løsninger. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Og de virksomheder, der vil trives med at levere dem, vil
have organiseret deres værdiskabelse ganske anderledes end i dag. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://newnature.blogspot.dk/2015/08/fremtidens-produkt-biler-bliver-noget.html">Et eksempel: Hvordan biler bliver noget ganske andet</a></span></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-80476911556553939192015-08-17T14:24:00.000+02:002015-08-17T14:24:20.765+02:00Paradox: As buyers we want low prices – and that’s what we’ll get when we sell<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We tend to choose the lowest prices we can find. An item may
be not quite so pretty or well made as we might like it to be, or it may be
produced in China under nebulous conditions – but as consumers, if we can find
a product that’s a bit cheaper, we will often choose it over a more expensive
version, that’s made the way it ought to be. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Likewise, we like flexibility. We want to order and have
goods delivered at short notice. We want be able to change our mind. As
consumers we don’t need to be loyal. We can pick and choose and shop around for
the best offer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">When we sell stuff, we experience that other side of this.
We may want to do a good job, we may feel that we should have a decent pay for
the work we’re doing. It would bother us to produce something that was not made
in a decent quality. We try to build long terms relations and understand our
customers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yet we experience that it’s nearly impossible to compete
against cheap, low quality manufacturers in developing countries, or against companies
that save costs by cutting corners on salaries or working conditions for their
employees. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Why? Because that’s what we choose when we are buyers. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-39416830522292854622015-08-14T21:05:00.000+02:002015-08-14T21:05:31.983+02:00Paradox: Stuff will be cheap – but it’s hard to make money creating it<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As Jeremy Rifkin points out, for many goods we’re heading to
a zero marginal cost economy, where every extra unit costs next to nothing to
deliver. Once the design and system of production has been established, whether
it’s for software and digital content, pharmaceuticals, an iphone or
electricity from solar panels, it’s very cheap to deliver an additional unit. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">So lots of stuff will be very cheap – on the other hand,
there will be very few jobs in producing it, and you can’t make much doing so. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Getting by will be cheaper, on the other hand: you may be
broke. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-83360902866689423822015-08-13T14:52:00.000+02:002015-08-14T08:16:34.095+02:00Paradox: Raising productivity may give us less of what we need<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Continuous growth is the natural state of the economy in
capitalism, because everyone is struggling to remain competitive by improving
their productivity. </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Companies compete by offering more for less, so they must
continually streamline procedures, and automate and outsource work to cheaper
suppliers. The remaining employees will need to work more efficiently. </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In return we get more stuff cheaper.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">But – as many studies on happiness show - at some point, more
stuff and more money, doesn’t make us much happier. We barely have the time or
attention to consume it all. In extreme cases, products, whether it be clothes,
toys or food, are produced, distributed and discarded virtually un-used – or
they accumulate in attics and storage rooms. Instead, what we really need might
be less stress, and more time to savour what we have. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Likewise, producing and consuming more typically translates
into greater use of resource and CO2 emissions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Paradoxically, we are running faster and spending precious
resources in order to get more stuff we don’t really have the attention to
enjoy.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Is this raising productivity or the opposite? Are we getting
more or less? It’s not always clear. The problem is that we seem to be stuck in
fast forward towards more and more. If you chose less growth, you will lose out
completely in the competition </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">– and for
most, that’s not very attractive either. Indeed a paradox.</span></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-53959638626311050272015-08-12T07:36:00.003+02:002015-08-12T07:36:57.399+02:00Paradox: Stuff will be cheap – but it’s hard to make money creating it<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As Jeremy Rifkin points out, for many goods we’re heading to
a zero marginal cost economy, where every extra unit costs next to nothing to
deliver. Once the design and system of production has been established, whether
it’s for software and digital content, pharmaceuticals, an iphone or
electricity from solar panels, it’s very cheap to deliver an additional unit. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">So lots of stuff will be very cheap – on the other hand,
there will be very few jobs in producing it, and you can’t make much doing so. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Getting by will be cheaper, on the other hand: you may be
broke. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-27800400186923452442015-08-11T13:17:00.000+02:002015-08-11T13:24:27.215+02:00Paradox: The gig-economy creates jobs – and destroys them<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Platforms like Uber, Upwork and Taskrabbit allow lots of
people to get started on the job market and build a portfolio of gigs to
support themselves. It’s great, if there are no conventional, steady jobs
available – or if you don’t want a full time job and a boss. It’s an opening
for many who might otherwise find it very hard to find any employment. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">If you are coming from below, it’s a step onto a ladder,
that could lead to a better income. But if you are coming from a steady job
with regular salary and benefits, the ”gig-economy” may look more like a step
down into uncertainty and hustling. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Furthermore, as employers discover the flexibility and
savings from using on-demand workers, more people will find that their job has
been outsourced to the net. In that respect, the gig-economy is replacing relatively steady jobs with well-defined rights and conditions for the worker with a very different category of employment. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Serfs or micro-entrepreneurs… it depends where you
are coming from. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-90072078494455504772015-08-10T13:43:00.002+02:002015-08-10T13:43:43.042+02:00Paradox: Democracy is winning and losing<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">If there’s one thing we will fight for in the West, it’s
democracy. We try to be tolerant of all cultures and customs, but we will send
soldiers to fight to help to spread democracy. Free and fair elections. Every
person has a vote and the same right to influence society – regardless of
income. Freedom of speech, politicians chosen by the people and accountable to
their constituencies. These are true marks of progress.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">But while we’re sending troops and making high and noble
sacrifices to support democracy, our own democracies are deteriorating and in
need of some sort of overhaul. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Politicians often seem more concerned about re-elections and
their placement in the poll of the moment, than in making decisions that are
necessary but in-convenient. Politicians spend considerable time collecting
funds for election campaigns – and obviously, in return the donors
expect”their” candidate to defend their interests and listen to their lobbyists.
When the masses occasionally get mad and go to the streets to be heard, they
will be massively covered by special forces, documenting everything in detail. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The United States is a particularly clear example of these
democratic shortcomings – but it is also an example of how democracy seems to
be stuck in a super close tie between two increasingly polarized sides, unable
to cooperate on solving even extremely pressing issues.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Churchill noted that ”<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #575757; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">democracy</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #424242; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> is the worst form of
government except all the others that have been tried." But it does seem
that we need to take that it doesn't get worse. </span></span><o:p></o:p></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-50491840181042654822015-08-07T12:10:00.000+02:002015-08-07T12:10:16.058+02:00Paradox: Stonewalling social networks<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The people formerly known as the audience, the passive
consumers of broadcasts and ready made and mass produced stuff have become
empowered. We can talk back, we can interact with producers, we can co-create
or make our own content. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We can comment, leave ratings – and even if we don’t
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about who we are and what we want. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">But where do you complain when something is not working, who
can you ask for help, who can sort out misunderstandings? Which country is that
company even in? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Good luck trying to find someone you can actually call or a
real person who will read your mail and respond. Oh, they will listen to
customers – but only if it can be fully automated. The irony is that the social
network platforms are absolutely impossible to talk to. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-90746959393034280502015-08-06T13:16:00.001+02:002015-08-06T13:17:56.256+02:00Paradox: Same same, but different<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Supposedly we’re headed for an post-industrial economy where
companies compete on offering customers highly individualized products and
services. Online configurators, ultra-flexible assembly lines producing in
”batches of one”, or even 3D printed goods, custom-fitted or modified by the
user are ways of distinguishing your company in a market crowded with choice. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">But actually.. we’re all carrying the same few types of
cell-phones in our pocket, all wearing the same sneakers, using the same shaver
or toothpaste, eating the same fast food, sipping Starbucks coffee and using
Google, Facebook and Youtube like everybody else. The global brands are larger
and reaching further into every part of the earth than ever. Each brand wants
to give you the feeling that you are special and what you are getting was made
just for you. You chose it yourself, but as it happens, you chose the same as
everyone else.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-71761299903674396312015-08-05T12:55:00.001+02:002015-08-05T21:14:23.562+02:00Paradox: The means of production are democratized – but income in-equality is rising<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As Karl Marx observed, the means of production used to be
controlled by capitalists. Only the very rich could build factories and large
machines. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Now, an increasing part of the value in the economy is created using
a PC with an Internet connection. As the <i>maker
movement</i> demonstrates, even very advanced tools, cutting edge knowledge, as
well as world-wide supply chains and distribution is now available to most
people in the global middle class.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Creation and production of value is being democratized – yet
the inequality of wealth and income is rising. We can all participate as
individuals or through platforms like Upwork, eBay, Etsy or Uber. But very few
can earn more than peanuts from their efforts. Meanwhile, the digital platforms
that aggregate and coordinate all of the offerings generate staggering fortunes
to owners and investors. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It seems that Marxism needs an update. The capitalist
doesn’t control the means of production. Rather, it’s all about coordinating
the platform – in a sense controlling the means of making money.</span></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-9962679963156486402015-08-04T14:44:00.003+02:002015-08-05T21:12:41.725+02:00Scarcity, abundance - or both?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Here’s the first one in my series of paradoxes in the economy: </span></div>
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<span style="color: #343434;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The planets’ resources are
under heavy strain. We’re already in overshoot mode, depleting resources faster
than they can regenerate – and with billions of people eager to enter the ranks
of global middleclass consumers, it looks increasingly hard to meet the
mushrooming demand for food, energy, water and basic raw materials. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #343434;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yet, we may be entering an era
of abundance. Nanotech and biotech are promising ways to build advanced
products with incredible efficiency and precision. Genetically modified
organisms will clean the air of CO2 and use it to produce oil, engineered organisms will
clean water, provide rawmaterials, increase crop yields, eradicate diseases... 3D
printers will only use the materials needed to print an object, and once we
stop using that object, we can recycle it to print something else. Digital
information will spread the best practices and knowledge everywhere. And
generally, much of the value we create will be digital – and anything digital
belongs naturally in the realm of abundance, where copies cost nothing to
create and distrubute. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #343434;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Is it scarcity or abundance?
They are very different situations, but it’s hard to tell which one is real.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-90973523093926587142015-08-04T14:41:00.002+02:002015-08-04T14:48:32.870+02:00My collection of paradoxes in the economy<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For a while I’ve been collecting paradoxes. It seems that
for any type of topic you dive into, you’ll encounter a set of fundamental
paradoxes. A particular issue is rarely black and white.
Rather, its consequences depend on what other factors are at play. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Not knowing exactly if something is good or bad, or which
way a particular action or choice leads to is unsettling and frustrating when
you are trying to make sense of the world. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As I understand it, Eastern cultures and philosophies are
more comfortable with paradoxes. Yin-Yan, the icon of much eastern thinking,
symbolizes how existence is a dynamic balancing of opposing, intertwined
forces. The little dot in each of the forces, show how every truth contains a
bit of its exact opposite. Paradoxes are simply a natural part of the way the
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My little collection of paradoxes confirms that even very
basic questions and mechanisms are indeed rather messy, and I suppose the
reason stands out is that most dialogue, argumentation and presentations in the
media are clear-cut and absolute. Qualifying a statement by pointing out
uncertainties takes time and it blurrs the seductively simple and sharp edge of
unquestioning certainty. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-73213685477082381262015-06-24T08:14:00.001+02:002015-06-24T08:15:16.274+02:00Your business in the we-economy<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">Finally ready to release <a href="http://we-economy.net/?page_id=928">our report on the WE-economy</a>! </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">Looking at what companies can do to thrive with intense
connectivity, collaboration, co-creation, coordination and a much stronger focus
on processes and solutions assembled for the specific context. It’s the future –
here’s how to deal with it </span><span lang="EN-US">:-)</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-82432868513306739182015-03-04T11:41:00.000+01:002015-03-04T11:41:39.408+01:00More attractive labor platforms<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Sangeet Paul Choudhary, in Singapore, is doing some excellent thinking and writing on platform. I can strongly recommend taking a look at <a href="http://platformed.info/">his blog about Platform thinking.</a><br />
<a href="http://platformed.info/sharing-economy-future-of-work/">In a recent article </a>Choudhary looks at some of the elements of making labor platforms, like Uber and Taskrabbit, more attractive to work through.<br />
<br />
Here's a slightly abbreviated quote:<br />
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"An increasing number of labor platforms, today, are
employing contract laborers to power the supply side. They do not enjoy the
benefits of full-time employment. To encourage them to participate on platforms
on a sustainable basis, the platform owners need to move beyond acting like
matching engines and understand the costs and benefits involved in producers participating
on these platforms.<o:p></o:p></div>
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First, every platform player should lay out all costs and
benefits involved in producers participating on the platform. These fall into
three broad categories:<o:p></o:p></div>
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- Risk management: Platforms need to ensure that producers
that are investing in the platform have capped costs of participation. This
means that producers need to be insured against transaction risks. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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- Learning and Improvement: Platforms need to ensure that
producers constantly improve their ability to reap more benefits from the
platform. This, in turn, involves community management measures that involve
the sharing of best practices, an example being Airbnb’s community management
programs with hosts. <o:p></o:p></div>
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- Well-being: Finally, platforms need to ensure that they
guarantee well-being for producers in a manner similar to that in traditional
organizations".<o:p></o:p></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-18323052277006669712015-03-04T10:47:00.004+01:002015-03-04T11:50:44.651+01:00Platform capitalism - a term ripe for exploring<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA;">Clearly, platforms are the new giants of the
economy. Global, efficient, scaleable, asset light, flexible, and with great
power and a strong tendency towards monopoly. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA;">We're just starting to understand the
game. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light"; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><a href="http://networkcultures.org/mycreativity/2014/10/16/never-mind-the-sharing-economy-heres-platform-capitalism/">NeverMind the Sharing Economy: Here’s Platform Capitalism</a>, by Sebastian Olma, is a
good explanation why the sharing economy is a mis-leading term for something
completely different.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA;">Despite the slightly shrill tone, the article has some
important insights. Here are a few quotes:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“These
are digital platforms that roughly do two things: either making the old
practice of re- and multi-using durable goods more efficient or expanding
market exchange into economically uncharted territory of society”.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA;">“While marketplaces connect supply and demand
between customers and companies, digital platforms connect customers to whatever.
The platform is a generic ‘ecosystem’ able to link potential customers to
anything and anyone, from private individuals to multinational corporations.
Everyone can become a supplier for all sorts of products and services at the
click of a button”.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA;">“It seems fairly obvious that the entire purpose
of the platform business model is to reach a monopoly position, as this enables
the respective platform to set and control the (considerably lower) standards
upon which someone (preferably anyone) could become a supplier in the
respective market. Instead of cutting out the middleman, digital platforms have
the inherent tendency to become veritable Über-middlemen, i.e., monopolies with
an unprecedented control over the markets they themselves create”.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-73053720536119676062015-01-22T14:00:00.001+01:002015-01-22T14:00:58.880+01:00Instances - the result of processes on a platform<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>I’m trying
out a new word: Instances. Instances
are the results of processes that take place on platforms: Unique solutions
that fit a particular context. This is how healthcare, mobility, education or
even physical stuff like furniture will be offered tomorrow. </i><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Industrial
age was about mass production – everyone got the same basic functionality, and
that was a great improvement. Then came more choice and customization. To
compete in the market place, companies would try to make products and service
that matched the individual customer’s life style. The next step to create
value for customers is <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">contextualization</i>;
offering users the right set of services and products at the right time and
place. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This
requires a great deal of flexibility. We’re different, we move around, our
situations and needs change – and so do the solutions that are right for our
context. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As
customers we want to choose from the global menu, but we want a configuration
that is uniquely customized for this moment.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In
principle, the solution we want is an <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">instance</i>
– one possible combination of a large number of elements. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This is
natural in the digital world. Make a Google search and what comes up on your
screen depends on who you are, where you are, what you’ve done previously, the
mails you’ve sent etc. Based on this very detailed information you will receive
one instance of a search. If you send the same query at other times, from other
locations, you may get a different result. Likewise with services like Facebook
or Amazon. They have hundreds of millions of users, yet every person sees a
different version. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the
physical world we will also see solutions as instances. For mobility our needs
change: Are you in a hurry, are you travelling with others, do you have
luggage, is it raining, what types of transportation are available… Ideally, we
want a combination, which takes all of this into account to offer the best
solution at the least cost. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Likewise for
healthcare or education. We change, and the companies that can adapt along with
us, can deliver more value, and will be the most attractive. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Physical
objects will become instances too. 3D printing and other flexible manufacturing
will make it cost-efficient to modify every object to fit the user’s context
and wishes. Objects that are based on a digital description are <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">fluid</i>. They can be remixed and
reconfigured, and in a sense, the object is really a set of potential designs –
one of which the user chooses to instantiate by printing it. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In a
circular economy, where all resources are re-used, all objects would basically
be instances of raw materials, assembled momentarily for a particular purpose. It’s
natural.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Instances
will typically not be created by one company. Rather, they will be co-created by
a much wider set of stakeholders than most of the solutions we use today. In
many cases, a significant part of the value may be contributed by communities
or users them selves. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Instances
are the results of processes that take place on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">platforms</i>. The hardware, the service, the data, knowledge and
content which is combined in an instance will shift, but the platform, where
all of the components are assembled, is likely to be constant. The individual
parts may be commodities, but the added value for users emerges as the platform
matches providers and needs, orchestrating the interactions and qualifying them
with increasingly detailed data. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This makes
the platform a central and powerful player in a more connected and
collaboratory economy.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-81990052556431378602014-12-15T13:26:00.000+01:002014-12-15T13:33:32.999+01:00Overview of available jobs in the collaborative economy<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The american organization Peers has <a href="http://www.peers.org/find-work/">a good overview of the different types of jobs</a> that you can seek in the collaborative economy - including an estimate of how much you are likely to make. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRIBKW5N_fvL6LEVQ8uyjqNwRds0y0bnCShXh4FCK2m2cX2LnAEBnyefDiXHYtPgiyL8BbDoxku1OLwluHf6cfAwYg7QeUWUbOUwqMTGRcWS9KBwiulnWSDeeTXlAIQBw0Z6br/s1600/Sk%C3%A6rmbillede+2014-12-15+kl.+13.22.25.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRIBKW5N_fvL6LEVQ8uyjqNwRds0y0bnCShXh4FCK2m2cX2LnAEBnyefDiXHYtPgiyL8BbDoxku1OLwluHf6cfAwYg7QeUWUbOUwqMTGRcWS9KBwiulnWSDeeTXlAIQBw0Z6br/s1600/Sk%C3%A6rmbillede+2014-12-15+kl.+13.22.25.jpg" height="516" width="640" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-38191880197799819162014-11-11T08:56:00.002+01:002014-11-11T09:05:45.943+01:00How Google Works... Like a platform<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiakhs4QsRzUOT_aCq905yrPV5cktYw00VVN6pZQSmAdnOqMsyUq_odASdVzqxoOc7skv3_sEvi8bZSbgLIhB9G_UMyiQWNDDf7i_27Eb1urZrEy3O6Svcx01mOTFt9IjvDWpJn/s1600/howgoogleworks.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiakhs4QsRzUOT_aCq905yrPV5cktYw00VVN6pZQSmAdnOqMsyUq_odASdVzqxoOc7skv3_sEvi8bZSbgLIhB9G_UMyiQWNDDf7i_27Eb1urZrEy3O6Svcx01mOTFt9IjvDWpJn/s320/howgoogleworks.jpg" width="210" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.howgoogleworks.net/">How Google Works </a>gives a very
interesting, and actually quite inspiring, look at the philosophy of management
behind Google. It’s written by former CEO Eric Schmidt and another top Google executive
Jonathan Rosenberg. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It’s an easy read and contrary to
a lot of other management books it doesn’t have a lot of very LOUD and flashy
models of how to handle everything. But it does convey an attitude of thinking
very big, hiring the best possible people, trusting them and supporting them in
pursuing their ideas. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A very interesting slogan is “Default
to open”, and this attitude applies in many areas – like keeping employees
informed, creating partnerships, or not trying to tie costumers to your
service. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It’s a bet, but they take that bet by
default: “With open, you trade control for scale and innovation”. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There are also a few good observations
about platforms that are worth quoting: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Airbnb, Uber, Square,
Kickstarter, Netflix, Spotify… “These companies assembled existing technology
components in new ways to re-imagine existing business. They set up platforms
for customers and partners to interact, and use those platforms to create highly
differentiated products and services. This model can apply just about anywhere:
Travel, automobiles, apparel, restaurants, food, retail …”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">“Whereas the twentieth century
was dominated by monolithic, closed networks, the twenty-first will be driven
by global, open ones”.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">(p. 83)</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #262626;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">“A corporation’s relationship
with consumers is one-way. GM decides how to design, manufacture and market a
new product to its consumers, and sells it through a network of dealerships. In
contrast, a platform has a back-and-forth relationship with consumers and
suppliers. There’s a lot more give and take”.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">(p. 245)</span></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-17567367708285454732014-10-31T07:41:00.002+01:002014-10-31T07:41:53.542+01:00Ok Go - again! It's unbelievable...<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The guys from Ok Go have made another unbelievably intricate, one-shot video. Wow.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /><object width="320" height="266" class="BLOGGER-youtube-video" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" data-thumbnail-src="https://ytimg.googleusercontent.com/vi/u1ZB_rGFyeU/0.jpg"><param name="movie" value="https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/u1ZB_rGFyeU&source=uds" /><param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><embed width="320" height="266" src="https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/u1ZB_rGFyeU&source=uds" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></span></div>
</div>
.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10006225.post-52799051797953365912014-10-30T08:31:00.000+01:002015-01-24T19:29:01.239+01:00On not getting by in the sharing economy<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/3027355/pixel-and-dimed-on-not-getting-by-in-the-gig-economy">A very good,and very long, article by Sarah Kessler in FastCompany </a>examined the realities
of doing tasks for TaskRabbit, Fiverr, Uber etc. She found that making a living
in the “gig-economy” is not easy at all. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">For 4 weeks
she tried to make money by using all the sharing economy services she could –
from walking dogs, tutoring kids, and delivering packages to wrapping gifts. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">It’s an
excellent piece of journalism. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Along the way
she experienced a lot of weird and worrying situation and she got a first hand
view of what life is like when you surviving from one small gig to another. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Anyone
interested in the collaborative economy should be aware that there is a very harsh
competetive economy alongside the warm and friendly sharing of resources among
people who have something to spare. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Here are a
couple of quotes <a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/3027355/pixel-and-dimed-on-not-getting-by-in-the-gig-economy">from Sarah Kesslers article, Pixel and Dimed – on (not) getting byin the sharing economy: </a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">“Because of
the way TaskRabbit works, job posters can easily find the people willing to
work for the least amount of money. A user with the screen-name BaubleBar (the
name of an <a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/explore/online-jewelry"><span style="color: #1a1a1a; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">online jewelry</span></a>
vendor that has raised $6 million to date) creates a task for $40. "We
need 10 <a href="http://www.fastcompany.com/company/taskrabbits"><span style="color: #1a1a1a; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">TaskRabbits</span></a>
to help us pack and check the quality of merchandise, and add labels to
merchandise tags," it says. "PLEASE NOTE: We cannot allow frequent
cell phone use during this task, so if you need to be on your phone often, this
is not the task for you. This job will take approximately 8 hours. From 8am to
4pm."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">“Setting up a
full day of gigs--or even a gig in a target free period--isn't easy, and it
often takes as much effort as applying for a regular economy job. I get
rejected from about five tasks for every one I win. Sometimes I hold spots in
my calendar that I could fill with other tasks for jobs I've bid on but haven't
heard from. I'm essentially competing for every hour of my employment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Even if I
land a gig with a decent hourly wage, it typically looks like nothing once I
factor in the time spent looking for jobs and commuting between them. Despite
the oft-repeated promise of the gig economy, in fact I have no control over
when I work, because the only way to get gigs is to be available sporadically
and often without much notice. For example, the only people who respond to my
DogVacay profile want a dog sitter over Christmas, when I am also out of town”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">“I have come
to realize that one of the cruel ironies of the gig economy is that even though
it's geared almost exclusively to serve urban markets, the kind of densely
packed cities where space is at a premium, one needs a car to have a shot at
the cream of the work that's available. Even worse, the universe of gig economy
startups is mostly relying on young people and others who are
underemployed--exactly the people whom are least likely to be able to afford a
car in a city. Or have an extra bedroom. Or a parking space. Or designer
clothes. Or handyman skills”.</span></div>
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.http://www.blogger.com/profile/06198686392461357053noreply@blogger.com0