The Fediverse

The “Fediverse” is a collection of sites (or “instances”) that communicate with each other using a common protocol (called “ActivityPub“), so you can send messages from one site to another, even if they are running different software.

You can think of it a little like email: people from different instances running different software can talk to each other, using the same protocol. Kind of like you can email someone at gmail.com from outlook.com.

Usernames look like: @nirak@lincolnite.net. @nirak is my username, @lincolnite.net is the instance. It’s nice not competing with millions of people for a user handle.

Fediverse Software

Any software that can output ActivityPub compliant feeds can be “fediverse software” and many content management systems like WordPress and Drupal have added ways to publish content to the Fediverse via ActivityPub. But there’s also software that lets you maintain a whole social network focused on different things. A few notable examples:

• Pixelfed is like instagram
• Peertube is like youtube
• Lemmy is like reddit
• Misskey and Pleroma are for microblogging
• Friendica is like Facebook

Finally, the software I am most familiar with, Mastodon, is another microblogging platform similar to Twitter (RIP) or Bluesky.

Fediverse Instances

In order to “join the Fediverse” you sign up at one or more instances, and from there you can talk to people on other instances*. Since anyone** can create an instance, there are a ton of specialty sites for different purposes. The sites I mention below are local, academic, and library centered, but you can find more at fedidb.com/servers or search for “mastodon instance directory” or “fediverse instance directory”.

• lincolnite.net – the instance I created for folks from Lincoln, Nebraska
• carhenge.club – for people from Nebraska or people who love Carhenge
• digipres.club – all things Digital Preservation
• glammr.us – for those in “GLAM” – Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums
• code4lib.social – for people who write code in libraries
• archaeo.social – for Archeologists
• hcommons.social – for academic humanists
• mastodon.social – the big flagship general purpose instance. Can be good for finding people

Sorry if I missed your favorite, there are way too many to list every one!

Instances can be closed or open. Many smaller instances are closed by default, which just means that registrations must be manually reviewed. On lincolnite.net, for instance, which I run, I say “Sign-ups on lincolnite.net go through manual review by our moderators. To help us process your registration, write a bit about yourself and why you want an account on lincolnite.net.” Many moderators do this so sites are not inundated with spam bots.  Some of the bigger instances like mastodon.social have open signups, and more of a spam problem.

Other sites can interoperate with Mastodon/Fediverse instances. Threads has added an option for users to be able to federate with the fediverse, Tumblr is promising interoperability, and you can talk to people on Bluesky by using an intermediary piece of software called a “bridge.”

On Mastodon, you can migrate your account, along with people you follow and followers (i.e. your social graph) to another instance, but you can’t port your posts. Other software may vary.

* Though the instances can also block each other, severing connections. This may happen due to spam or abusive users.

** Though technical ability is required to install the software to create an instance, you can also pay for an all in one host that takes care of it all, which is what I currently do.

Fediverse Celebrities

Celebrities join mastodon sometimes, but few stay. Whether this is an advantage or disadvantage is a matter of opinion. George Takei is one of the few actual celebrities I still see interact on Mastodon. Locally, RustyWX, the channel 8 weather guy is on Lincolnite.net. I have also included Lisa Melton, who boosts a great deal of posts from a wide variety of users, so she is a great person to follow.

Besides following people, users can follow hashtags. So if you follow, for instance, #dogs, you will see all the posts your instance sees (more on that at mastodon.help) that contain the hashtag #dogs. This can be useful, especially in the beginning when you aren’t following many people. Unlike most other social networks, Mastodon won’t push random people into your feed, so initially it can be a bit sparse.

Fediverse Memes

Like any internet subculture, the Fediverse and Mastodon have their own memes and in jokes. Like any good social network, much of the discourse is about how much room for improvement there is in the software and the culture. So memes like “This is fine!” are common. Mastodon/the Fediverse is very techy heavy, so Linux is popular. We also have a good deal of blind users, and there is a culture of trying to be accessible, so don’t be surprised if you are gently reminded you forgot alt text on your images. We have exactly one spammer we all share, “Nicole the Fediverse chick.” (joke, it’s just a common spam tactic, not the only one). We have imagined origin stories involving John and Joan Mastodon (originating from an article that mistakenly named the creator of the Mastodon software as “John Mastodon”). Finally, there’s a lot of commentary about how weird everyone is, which is a plus or minus depending on your love of weirdness (definitely a plus for me).

Where to find me

I started a mastodon instance called Lincolnite.net, and you can find me there at @nirak@lincolnite.net. If you are from Lincoln, Nebraska, please do ask to join and I will approve ASAP.

I am also on carhenge.club, started by my friend John Skiles Skinner, for all things Nebraska related. I am @nirak@carhenge.club there.

Finally, for library/work related things, I am on hcommons.social. Run out of Michigan State University along with the Knowledge Commons, this instance provides humanities scholars with a place to connect. I am at (you can probably guess) @nirak@hcommons.social.

Some Links

• Jay Hannah‘s Post about Mastodon
• Thread on Mastodon Memes
• Join Mastodon
• Mastodon User Guide

Last month, I gave up on Pokemon Go, which I had played since the day it came out in 2016. I read the news of its release (on Twitter, of course) and rushed to install the app and catch my first Pokemon from my basement.  You can even see Twitter in the background of my first Pokemon screenshot! As the years went on, Pokemon Go added more social features, and I met many of my neighbors while out playing: participating in raids, on community days, or just wandering around a park. I reached level 43, and while that wasn’t super high it represented a lot of effort on my part, and 8+ years of consistent play.

In November of 2022, Elon Musk acquired Twitter. In March of 2025, a Saudi affiliated company acquired Niantic, the maker of Pokemon Go. Both Musk and the Saudi government have said publicly that they are against lots of things that apply to me and my friends (like not being cis). For both of these things I felt I couldn’t morally use the product anymore, both because I don’t want my activity to contribute to the bottom line for groups or people that act to remove rights from people like me, and because I don’t want to become an unwitting recipient of messages they want to send.

I know all the arguments here: Pokemon Go will continue to be operated as it was! The Saudi government is far removed! Twitter is still where everyone is, you’re just letting all the bad people have the loudest say! And maybe all of that is true, but in my heart I just can’t support it.

So, I deleted Twitter, and I deleted Pokemon Go. These losses hurt worse than Google Reader or Friendfeed, because it felt more like I personally was being cast out of a party everyone else is still at. I’m trying to be more careful going forward, using services only as much as I need to, not putting all my effort into something I can’t control. It’s why I’m so all in on Mastodon – I run my own server, and have an account on a friend’s server, but even if those go away I can migrate my connections somewhere else and not have to build up the entire community again. It’s why I can’t get into Bluesky, I just don’t want to build a bunch of connections and then be forced to give it up because my morals won’t let me use it anymore.

I still miss Pokemon Go. But I’m also OK with letting it go.

I have been fully on board the static website train for a while, using it more and more at work, especially for smaller sites. Minimal computing is popular in Digital Humanities, for good reason. The main draw for me is in maintenance, especially for sites that are unlikely to be added to frequently, aren’t massive, and don’t need server side code to support special features.

So, I tried out several static site generators for my own site. I liked all of them! The first one I tried was Jekyll, which I was already familiar with from using for GitHub Pages, which we are using for Women Writers Recovery Hub editorial framework. I like a lot of things about Jekyll: I’m used to Ruby, so it felt comfortable (especially newer user versions of Jekyll), and I mostly liked the way it was set up. It felt better maintained at the time than Middleman, which I had also used for work.

I really liked working in Markdown, but found Jekyll a bit limiting in options, and I didn’t like some of the decisions it made for me. I tried Eleventy next, drawn to the extra minimal setup, active community, and I wanted to learn more about non frontend Javascript anyway. I enjoyed setting up Eleventy, and found the Markdown parsing to be very easy to customize, but once again ran into problems with other customization.

I found I just wasn’t updating my site very often, because the small amount of friction in needing to open a plain text editor and not being taken specifically to a writing environment was enough to slow me down. I also wanted to be able to create posts on my phone if I wanted, or start on my phone and edit on my computer. I was already working with markdown files in Obsidian and using syncthing to sync that to my computer, and wouldn’t it be great if I could just have an Obsidian vault that was my website? I could, of course, pay Obsidian to do that, but the customization options were, again, limited. I tried doing this in Eleventy and kept running into problems, so I found another static site generator written in TypeScript called Quartz which would take an Obsidian vault and create a static site. I really liked working with Quartz – I found it easy to alter and I liked the idea of the “digital garden” rather than a blog like format.

BUT… I still wasn’t updating my site. Creating posts in Obsidian was easy enough, but there was always a little bit of friction in adding images from my phone (where most of my images are), I still needed to log into my site to run the build command, and I found I kind of missed the date based format a blog provided. My RSS feed broke and I couldn’t easily figure out how to fix it. There were ways around all of this, of course, but I found myself wishing for an interface I could just log into and post.

So, after all of this I ended up back with WordPress, which is a snap to install with Installatron on my shared hosting through Reclaim Hosting (who I have been with years and years at this point). It’s not the BEST time to go back to WordPress, but I was looking for a site that I could potentially plug into the Fediverse and WordPress is the only shared hosting friendly CMS with a fediverse plugin (unfortunately I have not quite been able to make it function perfectly yet, so it is currently disabled).  I’m avoiding any Jetpack stuff this time around. I’ve also started with underscores for my theme, rather than going through the frustrating process of undoing others’ design decisions (though I’m not using many of the special features). I’ve installed a caching plugin to hopefully keep some of the speed benefits I had with a static site. Like I did the last time I abandoned my WordPress site, I plan to create a static version to keep links working when I change website architecture again, though this time I am making other decisions to hopefully more fully integrate the old and new sites when I do.

Lessons Learned

I’ve learned a few things about myself. While I love the “digital garden” format of website, I find it hard to apply to my own site. Adding things to a dated stream of posts, with categories, is a lower friction way for me to create than reconsidering each time how content fits into the overall website. The “traditional” blog fits well with how my brain and sense of organization work. I learned that when I am in writing/creating mode, I really do not want to deal with the technical details, so I get frustrated when the writing experience is interrupted with troubleshooting. I also learned I place a premium on convenience at the point of creation.

I do still have some ideas for some static websites, though. I think static site generators are terrific for building one off sites and experiments, and I hope to do more of that in the future rather than working it all in to one WordPress install.

So, I decided a change was in order.

For the provider, I tried out several options.

Proton email was the obvious choice, as they are well reviewed and combine email, storage, documents, and VPN. This all sounded great. EXCEPT: they only let you port 3 domains. Even for the duo account. My partner and I at the least have a personal and professional domain each, and I have two others I would really like to receive email at. Plus they are advertising some AI crud I just don’t want so I decided against Proton.

I also tried Fastmail, paying for it for a month to try out all the features. I like the interface a lot, setting up my custom domains was easy. I was pretty close to going with Fastmail, if I couldn’t get my final choice to work. Fastmail has the option to set up temporary email addresses for signing up for things too, though I use a “catch all” email for this.

I looked at Tuta mail, but didn’t want to be stuck using their email client (I know it is secure by default, but I really want a choice in tools).

I ended up going with mailbox.org. I like the delightfully old school name, the fact that it’s the most affordable option, lets you encrypt your own email with PGP if you want (I have not yet), and it gives you WebDAV and CalDAV as well (which I am also using for todo’s). It is not the easiest option to set up though, and their docs could use some work. Some of the documentation references older menu options, and it’s not super clear exactly what to put in which fields (as opposed to Fastmail, which gave precise directions for different host options). I was also confused about how filters worked – I thought at first I could sync filters across Thunderbird mobile and desktop, but it turns out that Thunderbird mobile doesn’t have filters at all. I did finally find the mailbox.org filters though, under the main settings, and those are plenty to keep the email organized (with the disadvantage that I can’t easily add filters on mobile due to lack of mobile interface).

I have described mailbox.org as “a bunch of open source stuff duct taped together” and that’s still what it feels like.

If I was recommending a solution for someone less technical than I am, I would probably go with Fastmail. But mailbox.org is worth a try, they do have a free trial (as does Fastmail) and both let you set up external domains to see how it works.

A final note: most of my domains I point to a shared host (Reclaim Hosting) with nameservers, and then set the email settings on the web server so I can both host email and my sites. One domain I set up directly on namecheap since I was only using it for email and that was quite a bit fussier. Fastmail has an extra option mailbox.or does not: if you are only using the domain for email, you can set the nameservers to point at fastmail, which is far easier than setting all the options manually.

What’s next?

I still need to change over all the subscriptions and personal contacts I set to gmail.com, and download my gmail archive for safekeeping. Though it’s so impossibly full of spam at this point I probably won’t go through it much.

I visit Iowa City sometimes for work, and often stay at the Graduate hotel. One of the things I like about the Graduate is they have bikes you can borrow for short trips. It’s a heavy 3 speed internal hub thing, really fits me well.

Several times I have gone, this particular bike path has been flooded.

We are all a bit tired lately.