noytaBlog

免費語言學習線上廣播收聽

2015-11-06T09:00:00.001+08:00

大家在學習語言時最常用的方法就是買雜誌聽廣播，
但現在收音機不那麼常見了，雖然有的手機有內建收音機，但用起來感覺就不太對，
加上現在人都很忙，很常一不小心就錯過了當天的教學節目，
結果慢慢地就成了偷懶的藉口了！

不過現在網路這麼發達，聽廣播其實有個更好的選擇，也就是從網路上聽！
很多廣播電台都可以在他們的首頁上直接找到線上收聽的網址，
當然有人還是會問啦，線上廣播還不是一樣，時間錯過了就聽不到了。
這一點的確是這樣沒錯，但也有些電台有提供節目的存檔喔！
也就是今天所要介紹的「教育廣播電台」。

連進了教育廣播電台後先看節目列表或看一下教學進度表了解目前有什麼節目，
找到喜歡的節目後可以點進去，應該會有每週播放的時間。
如果時間不適合也沒關係，教育廣播電台的節目隨選，每天都能跟上最新進度 ^^

若一次錯過了多堂，或是想從頭開始追課程，
也可以透過典藏系統搜尋，搜尋後會跳出節目所有存檔囉！
節目隨選及典藏系統都是非常方便的工具，之後再也不怕錯過時間或太忙了！
當然也就沒有藉口偷懶啦 :p
另外這邊也直接列出了語言學習類的典藏廣播，有些課程甚至有幾百堂的存檔呢！
如果覺得某個節目教得很好，也可以到這兒來找出以前的節目囉~

以下列出先前電台有提供的節目，現在課程好像變了不少，
依不同語言大家可以找看看還在不在唷！

英文有名的節目剩下不多，大家可能要自己找節目表裡適合的，如：
BBC News (BBC)

StudioClassroom 好像都不在上面了，可能得至StudioClassroom官網上收聽囉！
大家說英語
空中英語教室

常春藤系列也可至官網收聽：http://www.ivy.com.tw/broadcast/

Apache mod_antiloris

2015-11-02T23:55:00.001+08:00

Slowloris HTTP DoS 是一種低頻寬的 HTTP DoS 攻擊,
原理是發送不完整的 HTTP 請求封包, 並且傳送後續的 HEADER 使連線不中斷, 很快就可以把 Session 數佔滿,使得 Web Server 無法服務其他正常用戶, 只需要一台電腦, 跟少量的頻寬, 只要幾百Kbps, 甚至幾十Kbps

測試幾台 Apache Server, 都無招架之力, 一打就掛, 有裝 mod_limitipconn 也沒什麼用,
因為還沒到 mod 處理的階段, Server 也不會有任何 Log
目前想到的只有用 Per Host RatE Limiter 呼叫 iptables 來擋
有網友回應使用 mod_antiloris 可以擋, 測試之後的確可以
在 httpd.conf 加入以下設定後重啟
LoadModule antiloris_module modules/mod_antiloris.so

IPReadLimit 10

老闆要你在大學裡學的10件事

2015-10-07T21:00:00.001+08:00

＊課外活動經歷遠比課程有用

Ch1 培養職業倫理

1.隨時能自勉，有積極向上的態度（活力、熱情、自信），並有堅強的意志力
2.誠實、負責

3.妥善規劃時間管理

4.良好的金錢管理習慣

Ch2 口頭溝通

1.善於當眾演講，要能在六十秒內抓住觀眾

2.如果你想讓人們記住某些事，他們必須聽到三次：
3.第一次出現在開頭你進行概述時，第二次在演講中間你解釋主題時，第三次在最後你再次概括題目時

4.最有效的演講只能包含三個要點

5.使用充滿活力的肢體語言和抑揚頓挫的語調

6.與觀眾保持眼神的交流

7.不要盯著講稿或講桌

8.透過舉例和問答使觀眾有參與感

9.有效使用簡報工具，充分掌握並組織好你的演講內容，才能將圖像資料完美地融合到演講過程中

10.製作流程圖

Ch3 書面溝通

1.學習office

2.論文先寫結論或摘要，迫使自己思考要表達什麼

Ch4 善與他人共事

1.良好的人際關係

2.學習團隊合作
耐心、寬容、適時地幫助他人完成任務
技能包括：與他人達成協議、懂得為決策方式進行妥協的重要性、召開建設性的會議、指定記錄人員等
3.懂得教導他人，先向他示範怎麼做，然後退出來讓他們自己做

Ch5 影響他人

1.有效管理提升組織效率需要：鼓勵他人、傾聽意見、尊重他人
2.探索不同風格的領導，如果它沒有發揮作用，就採用另一種風格

Ch6 蒐集資訊

1.第一步要了解別人需要什麼，為什麼；第二步要有豐富的資源，以提高效率

2.善用圖書館

3.使用電子資料庫

4.擅長採訪，尋找合適的人選、建立協助的平台、提出正確的問題、探究正確的訊息

5.運用調查方法分辨調查結果，學會看出各種調查的局限性，以及如何在使用中適應那些局限性，並懂得如何解釋調查結果

6.保存與使用檔案記錄有助於發現問題，學會如何使用與評估檔案記錄的品質

Ch7 使用量化工具

1.使用數字有助於決策，學會計算與解釋百分比、使用簡單的統計術語、預算加總、對數字抱持合理懷疑的態度

2.善於使用圖表和表格輔助說明重點

Ch8 提出恰當的問題與回答

1.擁有廣泛的背景知識有助於發現偏差，透過思考別人說話的動機來洞悉他們所說的內容，並比較人們的言與行

2.注意細節幫助你回答關鍵問題

3.不斷問自己「這對我的工作和組織意味著什麼」

4.懂得為行動和策略評分
確定目標->衡量目標->判斷成敗->改變

Ch9 解決問題

1.確定問題：
看清事情是否與目標相符
拿出顯示問題確實存在的證據

2.發展解決方案：
搜尋最佳、最有效的解決方案，並徵求別人的意見，也要搜尋失敗的先例
將創意融入新狀況，將最佳方案運用到你的問題上

3.實施解決方案而不得罪人
忍耐別人對變化的抗拒
將問題及其解決方案列入掌權者的日程中，讓他們知道問題的嚴重性

Ch10 額外的加分

1.找老師建立關係，能對你的教育目標提出建議，為你實現這些目標提供建議和學習機會，並根據這些目標對你的表現進行評價

2.具有公共服務ˋ實習的經歷
一.須先確定想尋找什麼類型的職位，清楚自己的目標，然後做系統的調查
二.說服用人單位你是否適合這個職位的人選
(1)提早準備申請書、履歷和求職信，若要在暑假應徵便在一月寄出
(2)無論在工作或實習中，必須向上司證明你的價值，顯示出你在盡力學習，並盡力表現出最高的水準，主動詢問是否有事情是你能幫上忙的，且要和上司的關係良好
(3)將你先前的職位變成學習一項或多項技能的經歷
(4)若表現優良並曾向督導人員提議更好的做事方法，表現出你的領導才能，很快便能進入管理階層

青輔會：http://www.nyc.gov.tw/main.php
行政院勞委會職訓局：http://www.etraining.gov.tw/index.html
北市職訓局：http://www.tvtc.gov.tw/MP_116031.html
就業指南：http://163.29.140.81/careerguide/defult/index.asp

Ch11 運用技能去探索職業領域

1.選擇職業
自我反省->瀏覽職業選擇->深入評估

2.加強技能

Ch12 制定技能學習日程

1.規畫時間並完成任務

2.做一份技能學習計畫表

3.安排課程與課外活動、寒暑期活動

Ch13 完美履歷、求職信、面試

1.盡早寫履歷，並隨時地修改

2.選擇你想強調和你認為老闆正在尋找的技能

3.培養職業倫理：
(1)在履歷上寫「自己賺錢支付學費」，能說明你善於自我勉勵、管理時間與金錢
(2)若要顯示你工作勤奮，可以寫上許多學術與非學術活動，如實習等
(3)若成績不好，可以說「我認為訓練技能比學習成績更重要」
(4)如果沒在履歷上寫上成績，要準備好在面試中回答相關問題

4.培養肢體技能：
可以說你「精通文字處理」

5.口頭溝通：
(1)在履歷中列出ppt技能，並以清楚、準確而富有吸引力的方式陳述你的履歷，以顯現你能運用簡報工具
(2)提到你在工作、實習或課外活動中，參加過重要團隊計畫或活動，並在面試時可以此為例，說明你重視溝通的價值

6.書面溝通：
(1)透過簡潔的求職信和清晰的履歷，來展彥你扎實的寫作功力，並要多校對幾遍
(2)要凸顯你在工作、實習或課程中完成的書面作品，一份報告能證明你所具備的文書處理能力

7.善與他人共事：
履歷中包含幾個例子以說明你與人共事的能力，同時也有必要表明你具有扎實的口頭溝通能力

8.影響他人：
(1)可以描述你擔任過的一些領導職務，或是在課內、外活動項目中負責發起與組織的例子
(2)要展現良好的管理技能，洽當的措辭是「尋求妥協」與「達成共識」

9.蒐集資訊：
(1)提及你完成過的調查研究計畫，讓他們了解你的蒐集能力
(2)把使用過的商務電子資料庫和你掌握的計算機軟體列在一起

10.使用量化工具：
把Excel放在Word技能後面，已表示這兩項技能你都已達標準

11.提出恰當的問題與回答：
(1)了解工作的領域，以及在陳述中表示你預先了解過公司或組織的狀況，表明你能運用知識
(2)可以提到你在實習或工作中參與過的計畫，有關問題的研究，或計畫的制定

12.解決問題：
(1)提及你在實習或上課時有過解決問題的經歷
(2)強調校外學習的經歷

13.善用額外的加分技能：
(1)寫下你能使用的軟體程式和程式語言
(2)提及你所精通某個領域的知識
(3)強調你外語的能力，展示一個你使用此語言的專案
(4)不要用很大的篇幅或時間來描述你主修的專業
(5)可以在面試中談到一些課程和你的專業如何使你具備勝任這份工作的資格

change MySQL Password on Ubuntu

2014-03-28T07:02:00.002+08:00

# service mysql stop
# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
$ mysql -u root

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("YOUR-NEW-ROOT-PASSWORD") where User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit

# service mysql stop
# service mysql start
$ mysql -u root -p

三星七吋平板玻璃

2014-03-06T01:33:00.001+08:00

過年前趕捷運時,摔破了平板的玻璃(很像蜘蛛網); Pan Peter提醒我可以上網買; 所以到eBay跟香港買家花了NT$300+360運費, 自己把玻璃換好了!

拆開後GP1000的內部

換好後, 又是一台新的, 而且不用貼保護貼了(保護貼跟玻璃一樣貴).

整合行銷傳播的第一堂

2014-03-01T17:50:00.003+08:00

IMC是什麼?
Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is the application of consistent brand messaging across both traditional and non-traditional marketing channels and using different promotional methods to reinforce each other. --- 來源: wiki

謝寶泰老師的Blog

http://imcntit.blogspot.tw/search/label/IMC%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96

優級的廣告影片

這個影片讓你想到作者想要傳達的什麼意念?

I think:
作者想要籍由一段影片，透過人與馬的情感即使經過長久的時間還是不會改變，讓Viewer聯想e到產品的形象，建立消費者的品牌忠誠...
Just I think. 只是我的第一堂,不要期望太高...

Install php5 on Cygwin

2014-02-11T19:12:00.001+08:00

Use the latest Cygwin installers : setup-x86.exe(32-bit), or setup-x86_64.exe( 64-bit).

Launch setup-*.exe with the -K flag from Cygwin term. , e.g.:

cygstart – c:/MyInstall/setup-x86_64.exe -K http://cygwinports.org/ports.gpg

On Choose Installation Type page, select "Install from Internet".
On Choose Download Site(s) page, select a distro mirror, then enter ~~ftp://ftp.cygwinports.org/pub/cygwinports~~ ftp://sourceware.org/pub/cygwinports in the User URL field and press Add (making sure that both are highlighted).
- ~~Alternatively, you can use a~~ ~~sourceware mirror, but if you do, you must use one hosted on a different server than your selected distro mirror.~~
Proceed with package selection and installation, making sure to install any indicated dependencies.

hope this is help.

免費英文學習資源

2013-11-03T12:20:00.001+08:00

1. Voicetube-看影片學英語

全臺最大的看影片學英語社群，每日更新影片，提供最多最優質的英文學習內容。

包括TED Talks、TED-Ed 教育、CNN Student News、看卡通學英文、聽音樂學英文、

電影片段、電玩、英文技巧學習等超過4,000部英語學習影片。

其特色包括影片字幕導讀、重覆播放功能、字幕跟讀功能、學習進度追蹤、

全文字典單字查詢收藏、螢光標示佳句等。

2. BCC learning English

由英國廣播公司製作的免費英語教學網站，內容涵蓋聽說讀寫四方面，

結合時事、科技、人文，且有文法及片語介紹，

所有文章皆包含MP3語音檔、PDF講稿文字與簡單問答，適合想熟悉英國腔者。

3. CNN Student News

美國 CNN 電視台將每天發生的重大新聞濃縮成十分鐘，並附上 PDF 檔的新聞稿，

讀者僅需每天只要花十分鐘聽英文，即可增進英文能力並了解國際動脈。

4. TED

TED分別代表的是科技 (technology)、娛樂 (entertainment)、設計 (design)，

集結全世界各領域，對未來充滿熱情的講者，透過每場18分鐘的演講，

傳達優秀的思想可以改變人們的看法，使人們反思自己行為的理念。

TED提供英文演講內容、字幕及逐字稿，部分附有中文字幕。

5. CC Prose

此影音頻道沒有華麗的畫面，只是很簡單的把書本念給您聽，

同時打上字幕，讓您可以邊聽邊讀。

在Windows PHP安裝ffmpeg-php

2013-10-18T12:42:00.000+08:00

關於在Windows內使用ffmpeg-php, 網路上有很多方法,

e.g. myownserver 在 How to install ffmpeg-php for Windows Apache HTTP Server 介紹安裝在xampp的方法, 從 http://sergey89.ru/files/ffmpeg-php/ 下載ffmpeg-php-5.3-win32-all.zip後, 逐步安裝後再用一支程式測試.

但是我是用AppServ + PHP 5.3.5 所以我用的方法

取得 ffmpeg-php

ffmpeg-php-5.3-win32-all.zip

php.ini

首先解開之後, 先把 php_ffmpeg.dll 複製到 php5/ext內; php.ini 增加一行

extension=php_ffmpeg.dll

http.conf

我不喜歡複製到 System32 , 所以我在 http.conf 增加下列幾行:

#php 5.3

之前就有的

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\php5ts.dll"

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\libpq.dll"

這次增加的

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\ext\ffmpeg-php-5.3.1\avcodec-52.dll"

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\ext\ffmpeg-php-5.3.1\avcore-0.dll"

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\ext\ffmpeg-php-5.3.1\avdevice-52.dll"

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\ext\ffmpeg-php-5.3.1\avfilter-1.dll"

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\ext\ffmpeg-php-5.3.1\avformat-52.dll"

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\ext\ffmpeg-php-5.3.1\avutil-50.dll"

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\ext\ffmpeg-php-5.3.1\pthreadGC2.dll"

Loadfile "C:\AppServ\php5\ext\ffmpeg-php-5.3.1\swscale-0.dll"

phpinfo測試

測試ffmpeg.php

ffmpeg.php

結果畫面

done.

PHP在Windows環境下執行

2013-10-18T11:27:00.001+08:00

名詞解釋

首先說明VC6及VC9:

VC6 : 就是使用 Visual Studio 6 compiler 這個編譯器編譯的.
VC9 : 就是用微軟的 Visual Studio 2008 compiler 編譯的.
TS : Thread Safe 線程安全, 執行時會進行線程(Thread)安全檢查, 以防止有新要求就啟動新線程的CGI執行方式而耗盡系統資源
NTS : Non Thread Safe 非線程安全, 在執行時不進行線程（Thread）安全檢查
ISAPI(Internet Server Application Programming Interface)執行方式是以DLL動態庫的形式使用, 可以在被用戶請求後執行, 在處理完一個用戶請求後不會馬上消失, 所以需要進行線程安全檢查, 這樣來提高程序的執行效率.
FastCGI : 執行方式是以單一線程來執行操作, 所以不需要進行線程的安全檢查, 除去線程安全檢查的防護反而可以提高執行效率.

PHP 官網說明:

Which version do I choose?

If you are using PHP with Apache 1 or Apache2 from apache.org you need to use the VC6 versions of PHP
If you are using PHP with IIS you should use the VC9 versions of PHP
VC6 Versions are compiled with the legacy Visual Studio 6 compiler
VC9 Versions are compiled with the Visual Studio 2008 compiler and have improvements in performance and stability. The VC9 versions require you to have the Microsoft 2008 C++ Runtime (x86) or the Microsoft 2008 C++ Runtime (x64) installed

Do NOT use VC9 version with apache.org binaries

Thread Safe線程安全

Linux 使用多進程(process)不同於Windows採用的多線程(Thread)的工作模式; 而CGI是以Linux的多進程所設計的, 所以如果在IIS 的 PHP 使用 CGI 模式, 每次HTTP的請求PHP都需重新加載及缷載, 所以速度慢。
IIS另外一個選擇是使用ISAPI的方式(早期的ASP.NET也是用這種方式), 因為php5nsapi.dll是用多線程設計的(Thread safe),符合Windows多線程的設計,速度較快。

但是在選擇PHP Extension時就要注意, 必須使用TS(Thread safe)的版本, 否則會搞垮IIS. 但是大部份的PHP_Extension都是針對Linux的多進程設計的.

為了在Windows IIS兼顧速度及線程安全, 微軟推出FastCGI; FastCGI保留了CGI的工作模式, 又提供一個pool機制管理重覆使用的進程, 確保non-thread-safe的libraries可以正常執行。

結論

使用ISAPI方式, php extension 就要用Thread Safe的版本; 如果使用FastCGI就不用Thread Safe(non-thread-safe)了,效能還更好呢.

用Maven執行Java程式

2013-09-26T18:05:00.001+08:00

Eclipse 用習慣了,IDE提供方便的操作,也讓我變笨了.

在命令列使用maven要執行JAVA console 程式,有一個好用的plug-in : exec-maven-plugin

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.1</version>
  <configuration>
    <mainClass>com.clickap.test.NeoSpring</mainClass>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

使用mvn exec:java 命令就可以執行了

提示1

如果你跟我一樣對 pom.xml的schema不熟,不知道plugin要放在哪裡, 這裡有完整的結構.

<project>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.clickap.test.NeoSpring</mainClass> 
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

提示2

如果程式需要加*參數*

<project>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.clickap.test.NeoSpring</mainClass>
                    <arguments>
                        <argument>argument1</argument>
                    </arguments>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

影像處理的日子

2013-09-24T23:03:00.001+08:00

這張圖很熟悉吼~

本尊出現在 IS&T 50週年慶

無意中找到這篇在交大的網站上 http://www.csie.nctu.edu.tw/~zlxuan/lena/lenna.html

是不是勾起了很多回憶

Maven專案在Eclipse Run on Server

2013-09-13T15:49:00.003+08:00

想在Eclipse 操作Maven 2 專案, 現在有比較方便的外掛 : M2E – WTP

M2E-WTP

目前是 1.0.0版 http://wiki.eclipse.org/M2E-WTP/New_and_Noteworthy/1.0.0

0.安裝方法
我直接用 Install New Software方式安裝網址 : http://www.eclipse.org/m2e-wtp/download/

勾選 m2e 及 m2e-wtp 兩項.

因為我的Helios已經安裝M2E 1.4版了, 所以只要選取 m2e-wtp 這項即可.

1.安裝後, 新增Maven專案

2.在Filter用關鍵字 webapp

選取org.apache.maven.archetypes

3.給命名空間(Group Id)及專案名稱(Artifact Id)

神奇的事發生了, 在專案名稱按右鍵,選取Run on Server

你已經設定好的Tomcat

執行結果

太好了, 以後可以用熟悉的方式 Eclipse 在 Maven 的 Web專案用 Run on Server 了.

要注意的是 M2E-WTP 跟 m2eclipse-wtp 不能同時安裝.

參考自http://www.eclipse.org/m2e-wtp/download/

硬碟空間不夠?

2013-09-03T16:53:00.001+08:00

當然清除回收桶, 新增移除程式一定有幫助的.
CCleaner , Sweep 之類的軟體也不錯(google就找到一堆了)
我要介紹的是 SpaceSniffer 如圖

啟動後等一下, 它後幫你把各個資料夾所佔的空間圖形化, 是不是一目了然?
這裡可以下載

分享我的經驗(Windows7)
ProgramData\Microsoft\Search\Data 高達12G, 使用控制台->索引->進階按下重新索引(Rebuild)後剩下84MB.
ProgramData\Microsoft\OEMOffice14 直接砍掉
ProgramData\Microsoft\HelpLibrary 直接砍掉, 但是在 C:\Program Files\Microsoft Help Viewer\v1.0\HelpLibManager.exe.config 加上一行 <add key="FirstTimeRun" value="True" /> , 下次執行時再詢問.

Java檢查記憶體使用情形

2013-09-03T01:09:00.001+08:00

主要是因為出現了 java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

JDK6以後附了 Java VisualVM (jvisualvm.exe) 在bin的目錄內, 這裡有詳細說明;

1.Overview

先把你要檢查的Java執行起來, 然後打開jvisualvm(如圖), 在左邊Applications內點選你的JVM(我是用OC4J), 就可以在Overview看到JVM的運作環境及設定的參數.

因為要測heap , 你會發現上圖我有加了一些參數, 這裡說明一下:

-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError 在出現 OutOfMemoryError 時會產生一個 hprof的檔案(e.g. java_pidxxxxx.hprof, 預設會寫在JVM所在路徑, 也可以加 -XX:HeapDumpPath=yourpath ), 方便我們檢查記憶體使用的情況; 使用方法請看這裡 .

hprof 檔可以用 Eclipse memory analyzer (mat, http://www.eclipse.org/mat/ ) 打開來看, 建議載 Stand-alone Eclipse RCP Applications 的版本比較方便(如圖)

-Xms512m -Xmx512m -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m 這幾個參數相信大家都很熟悉, 我就不多說了; 只是 Permanent Size 本來大家都說很小(只要64m), 可是經過 jVisualVM測過, 我發現我的 AP 一下就超過了, 所以我把它改為 128m 起跳; heap size 也把它加到 512m.

2.切換到Monitor還有圖(chart)

接下來就是觀察記憶體使用情形, 然後跟著調整及修正了.

參考自 http://javarevisited.blogspot.sg/2011/09/javalangoutofmemoryerror-permgen-space.html

Difference between instance class and local variables in Java

2013-09-02T18:36:00.001+08:00

參考自 http://javarevisited.blogspot.tw/2012/02/difference-between-instance-class-and.html

There are lot of differences between instance variable, class variable and local variable in Java and knowing them will help you to write correct and bug free Java programs. Java is full featured programming language and provides different kind of variables like static variable also called Class variable since it belongs to whole Class, non static also called instance variable and local variables which varies in scope and value. Thank god Java doesn't have any register variable or auto scope like C otherwise it would have so much detail to remember. static variables are common source of error in may multi-threadedjava program and does require a bit of carefulness while using it. On the other hand instance variable and local variable has less sharing visibility than static variable.

Instance Variable vs Class Variable in Java

let's first see difference between instance variable and class variable also known as non static vs static variable in java. Instance variable are per instance (object) basis. If you have 5 instance of one class you will have five copies of instance variable. these are also referred as non static variable and initialized when you create instance of any object using new() operator or by using other methods like reflection e.g. Class.newInstance(). On the other hand Class variables are declared using static keyword and they have exact same value for every instance. static or class variable are initialized when class is first loaded into JVM memory unlike instance variable which initialized when instance is created. Static variables are similar to global variable in C and can be used to store data which is static in nature and has same value for all instance, but at same static variable also cause subtle concurrency bugs if updated by multiple threads. you can read more about static keywords in my post secrets of static keyword in Java .

Instance variable vs local variable in Java

Now let's see difference between instance variable and local variable.local variables are local in scope and they are not visible or accessible outside there scope which is determined by {} while instance variables are visible on all part of code based on there access modifier e.g. public , private or protected.only public can be accessed from outside while protected and private can be accessed from subclass and class itself. Access modifier can not be applied to local variable and you can not even make them static. only modifier which is applicable to local variable is final and only final local variables are visible inside anonymous class. value of instance variable is limited to instance, one instance can not access value of other instance in Java.

Best practices related to local, instance and static variable in Java

Its good to know some of the best practices related to declaration and use of Variables in Java while learning differences among different type of variable in Java:

Always name your variable as per Java Bean naming convention.
By default give private access to your member variables (both static and instance) and provide more access step by step e.g. from private to protected to package to public. This way you will be following encapsulation principle.
Always declare local variable where you use instead of declaring it on top of method or block.
Don't hide instance or static variable by giving same name to local variable. this may result in subtle programming bugs.
Be consistent with your variable naming convention don't mix different convention from different language e.g. some programming language use first word to denote type of variable e.g. bExit to denote boolean Exit variable or iNumber to denote integer Number variable. Though they are good but mixing simple names as per Java Bean naming convention with this will only lead confusion.

That’s all on difference between local vs instance vs class variable in Java. correct understanding of there scope, value and accessibility is key to write java program.

Window內開啟指定JDK環境懶人法

2013-08-29T17:42:00.001+08:00

我是懶人.

我的開機環境是JDK5, 但是也有JDK6的專案要執行, 常常換來換去很麻煩.

1.首先建立一個bat, 取名 JDK6.bat, 換成自已的JDK路徑

@echo off
cd /D %1
Set JAVA_HOME=C:\JDK\jdk1.6.0_25
Set PATH=C:\JDK\jdk1.6.0_25\bin;%PATH%

2.建立一個reg檔, 替換自己JDK6.bat的路徑

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\cmd_jdk16]
@="Open JDK1.6 Command Prompt Here"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\cmd_jdk16\command]
@="cmd.exe /k \"C:\\yourpath\\JDK6.bat \"%L\"\""

3.這樣就可以輕鬆切換JDK環境了

RedHat el5 安裝Mysql5.5

2013-08-16T16:35:00.001+08:00

參考自 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9361720/update-mysql-version-from-5-1-to-5-5-in-centos-6-2

節錄內容

To list Old MySql

yum list installed | grep -i mysql

To remove Old MySql

yum remove mysql mysql-*

Remi Dependency on CentOS 6 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6

rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm

Install MySQL server

yum --enablerepo=remi,remi-test install mysql mysql-server

To list New MySql

yum list installed | grep -i mysql

start MySql server

/etc/init.d/mysqld start ## use restart after update

OR

service mysqld start ## use restart after update

chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on

Last

mysql_upgrade

Now my MySql version is 5.5.32

Ref:

http://www.webtatic.com/packages/mysql55/
http://www.if-not-true-then-false.com/2010/install-mysql-on-fedora-centos-red-hat-rhel/

------------------------------
我下的指令
rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
rpm –Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-5.rpm
yum --enablerepo=remi,remi-test install mysql mysql-server
/etc/init.d/mysqld
這樣就裝好了, 裝好Mysql後記得去更新password
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h vdb password 'new-password'

或者
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

因為要建立一個DB並從另一台主機連線.
#mysql -u root -p
建一個資料庫
CREATE DATABASE mydatabase DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

給外部連線權限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'連線主機IP ' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ‘%`.* TO 'root'@'連線主機IP ' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `%`.* TO `root`@`連線主機IP` IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON moodle.* TO 'root'@'連線主機IP' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON moodle.* TO 'root'@'連線主機IP' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
(忘了是哪一個,所以全部貼上)

done.完成

Juno 沒有Tomcat?

2013-08-15T02:34:00.001+08:00

請到 Help -> Install New Software 選擇 http://download.eclipse.org/releases/juno/ , 展開 "Web, XML, and Java EE Development", 安裝 JST Server Adapters及 JST Server Adapters Extensions .

更新後重啟Eclipse 然後安裝Tomcat 跟以前的方式一樣.

hibernate connection 隔夜被斷線的問題

2013-08-14T16:50:00.001+08:00

最近因為一個Hibernate + Spring + Quartz 的Web專案, 執行完Quartz Scheduler 的Job後, 隔天早上就出現

SQL Error: 17002, SQLState: null
IO 異常: Connection reset
java.sql.SQLException: 關閉的連線

然後就是一堆
SQL Error: 0, SQLState: null
Already closed.
重覆的錯誤

(hibernate connection close overnight的問題, 隔夜connection中斷問題,或是自動重新連線問題…)

Hibernate官網論壇說到

You should never use Hibernate's built-in connection pooling in production; it is non-scalable and non-fault-tolerant. Instead, use DBCP or C3P0 (or, even better, an application server datasource).

Automatic reconnect from Hibernate to MySQL 提出用C3P0

CrazyTechThoughts 在 Resolve Hibernate connection timeout issue with MySQL server 也提出用 c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckout=true 的方法

StackOverflow也有人問 Hibernate, C3P0, Mysql — Broken Pipe

好像只能換Connection pool 的技術了, 但我不想將DBCP改為C3P0, 因為還有大部份舊的hibernate mapping 還在運行, 換了之後不知道還要花多少時間測試.

最後我的解決方式:

在 spring 的設定檔內

因為我用的是OracleDB, 所以用 Select 1 From Dual, 其它資料庫請自行修改.

快一週了,好像還可以, 沒聽到有問題.

ORA-17059: Fail to convert to internal representation

2013-08-14T16:34:00.001+08:00

could not read column value from result set 無法轉換為內部方式

這個錯誤原因是：資料庫裡的字段類型與Java裡映射該字段屬性的類型不能對應轉換，例如資料庫裡欄位類型為Varchar2，而Java定義的類型為Long；或者資料裡為Number，而Java定義的對應屬性類型為String。

處理*.hbm.xml大部份都能解決問題.

Organizing an ASP.NET MVC Application using Areas

2013-08-10T11:48:00.000+08:00

The MVC pattern separates the model (data) logic of an application from its presentation logic and business logic. In ASP.NET MVC, this logical separation is also implemented physically in the project structure, where controllers and views are kept in folders that use naming conventions to define relationships. This structure supports the needs of most Web applications.

However, some applications can have a large number of controllers, and each controller can be associated with several views. For these types of applications, the default ASP.NET MVC project structure can become unwieldy(不便的).

To accommodate large projects, ASP.NET MVC lets you partition Web applications into smaller units that are referred to as areas. Areas provide a way to separate a large MVC Web application into smaller functional groupings. An area is effectively an MVC structure inside an application. An application could contain several MVC structures (areas).

For example, a single large e-commerce application might be divided into areas that represent the storefront, product reviews, user account administration, and the purchasing system. Each area represents a separate function of the overall application.

This walkthrough demonstrates how to implement areas in an ASP.NET MVC application. The walkthrough creates the functional framework for a blog site that has the following areas:

Main. This is entry point to the Web application. This area includes the landing page and a log-in feature.
Blog. This area is used to display blog posts and to search the archive.
Dashboard. This area is used to create and edit blog posts.

To keep this tutorial simple, the areas do not contain logic to perform the actual tasks for the blog.

A Visual Studio project with source code is available to accompany this topic: Download.(MVC2的範例)

Prerequisites

In order to complete this walkthrough, you will need:

Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1 or Visual Web Developer 2008 Express Edition Service Pack 1, or a later version.
The ASP.NET MVC 2 framework. If you have installed Visual Studio 2010, the ASP.NET MVC 2 is already installed on your computer. To download the most up-to-date version of the framework, see the ASP.NET MVC download page.

This walkthrough assumes that you are familiar with ASP.NET MVC. For more information, see ASP.NET MVC 2(MSDN的MVC2).

Creating the Application Structure

To begin, you will create an ASP.NET MVC project and add the folder structure for two child areas (Blog and Dashboard).

To create the application structure

In Visual Studio, in the File menu, and click New Project.
In the Project types window, expand the Visual Basic node or the Visual C# node, and then select theWeb node.
In the Templates window, select ASP.NET MVC 2 Web Application.
Name the project MvcAreasApplication, set the project location, and then select the Create directory for solution check box.
Click OK.
In Solution Explorer, right-click the project name, click Add, and then click Area.
In Area Name, type Blog and then click Add.

An Areas folder is added to the project. The Areas folder contains a folder structure that allows each child area to have its own models, views, and controllers.
In Solution Explorer, right-click the project name, click Add, and then click Area.
In Area Name, enter Dashboard and then click Add.

When you are done, the Areas folder contains two child areas, Blog and Dashboard.

Adding Area-Specific Controllers

You will now add area-enabled controllers and action methods for each area.

To add area controllers

In Solution Explorer, right-click the Controllers subfolder for the Blog area, click Add, and then clickController.
Name the controller BlogController and then click Add.

Add the following code to the BlogController class.

using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Linq;  using System.Web;  using System.Web.Mvc;  using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax;    namespace MvcAreasApplication.Areas.Blog.Controllers  {      public class BlogController : Controller      {          public ActionResult ShowRecent()          {              return View();          }            public ActionResult ShowArchive()          {              return View();          }      }  }

This code creates two action methods named ShowRecent and ShowArchive. To keep this tutorial simple, the action methods do not contain logic to perform specific tasks.

In the Dashboard area, right-click the Controllers subfolder, click Add, and then click Controller.
Name the controller DashboardController and click Add.

Add the following code to the DashboardController class.

using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Linq;  using System.Web;  using System.Web.Mvc;  using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax;    namespace MvcAreasApplication.Areas.Dashboard.Controllers  {      public class DashboardController : Controller      {          public ActionResult AddPost()          {              return View();          }            public ActionResult EditPost()          {              return View();          }      }  }

This code creates two action methods named AddPost and EditPost. To keep this tutorial simple, the action methods do not contain logic to perform specific tasks.

Adding Area-Specific Views

Next you will add area-enabled views for each action method.

To add area views

Open the BlogController class, right-click inside the ShowRecent action method, click Add View, and then click Add.
In the ShowRecent view, add the following markup to the page content after the header:
<p><%= Html.ActionLink("Show Archive", "ShowArchive") %></p>
This markup creates a link to the ShowArchive action method that you created earlier.
Right-click inside the ShowArchive method, click Add View, and then click Add.
In the ShowArchive view, add the following markup to the page content after the header:
<p><%= Html.ActionLink("Show Recent", "ShowRecent") %></p>
Open the DashboardController class, right-click inside the AddPost action method, click Add View, and then click Add.
In the AddPost view, add the following markup to the page content after the header:
<p><%= Html.ActionLink("Edit Post", "EditPost") %></p>
Right-click inside the EditPost method, click Add View, and then click Add.
In the EditPost view, add the following markup to the page content after the header:
<p><%= Html.ActionLink("Add Post", "AddPost") %></p>

Registering Area Routes

When you add an area to a project, a route for the area is defined in an AreaRegistration file. The route sends requests to the area based on the request URL. To register routes for areas, you add code to the Global.asax file that can automatically find the area routes in the AreaRegistration file.

To register area routes

In Solution Explorer, open the Global.asax file for the project.
Insert the following code into the Application_Start method:
C#
AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
VB
AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas()
This code calls the route registration methods for each child area.

Linking Between Areas

In an ASP.NET MVC area application, you can link within an area as you would in any MVC application. For example, you can call the ActionLink method, or you can call any other routine that takes a controller or action name (such as the RedirectToAction method).

However, to generate a link to a different area, you must explicitly pass the target area name in the routeValuesparameter for these methods. For example, the following markup shows a link to the ShowBlog action method ofBlogController class. This call does not identify a specific area.

<%= Html.ActionLink("Show Blog", "ShowBlog", "Blog") %>

The link will work as expected anywhere within the Blog area. However, if the preceding link is added to a view in the Dashboard area, it will fail. This is because the ASP.NET MVC framework would not be able to find theBlogController class in the Dashboard area.

The following example shows how to create a link that identifies the area in an anonymous object passed in therouteValues parameter. This example is shown only as an explanation. Do not add it to your project.

<%= Html.ActionLink("Show Blog", "ShowBlog", "Blog", new { area = "blog" }, null) %>

Note
The last null parameter (Nothing in Visual Basic) is required only because the ActionLink method overloads that have a routeValues parameter also have an htmlAttributes parameter. However, this parameter is not required in order to be able to link between areas.

Adding Content to the Main Project

When you created the Visual Studio solution for this walkthrough, the solution template included a master view that acts as the entry point for the application. In this section of the walkthrough, you will add tabs to the master view that link to the child areas. You will also add code to display diagnostic information, including the name of the controller, action method, and area that produced the current view.

To add content to the main project

Open the master view (Views\Shared\Site.Master).

Insert the following code directly after the <asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID="MainContent" runat="server" /> element.

<p>      Controller: <%= ViewContext.RouteData.Values["controller"] %><br />      Action: <%= ViewContext.RouteData.Values["action"] %><br />      Area: <%= ViewContext.RouteData.DataTokens["area"] %>  </p>

This code adds diagnostic information to the views.

In the same file, find the <ul id="menu"> element and replace the whole element with the following code:

<ul id="menu">                    <li><%= Html.ActionLink("Home", "Index", "Home", new { area = "" }, null)%></li>      <li><%= Html.ActionLink("Blog", "ShowRecent", "Blog", new { area = "blog" }, null)%></li>      <li><%= Html.ActionLink("Dashboard", "AddPost", "Dashboard", new { area = "dashboard" }, null)%></li>      <li><%= Html.ActionLink("About", "About", "Home", new { area = "" }, null)%></li>  </ul>

This code adds tabs that link across areas.

Building and Testing the Application

Now you can build and test the application.

To build and run the application

Click CTRL-F5 to build the solution and run the application.

The default MVC template home page is displayed in the browser. The page shows the current controller (Home), the action that generated the page (Index), and the current area, which is blank and which indicates the main area.
Click the Blog tab.

The ShowBlog page is displayed. The ShowBlog page contains a link to the ShowArchive page. The current controller is changed to Blog. The action is ShowBlog, and the area is blog.
Click Show Archive.

Notice that the controller and area remain the same, but the action is now ShowArchive.
Click the Dashboard tab.

The AddPost page is displayed. The AddPost page contains a link to the EditPost page. The controller is now Dashboard, the action is AddPost, and the area is dashboard.
Continue navigating the Web site and notice the changes to the controller, action, and area.

Other Resources

ASP.NET MVC 2

VM RHEL 5 安裝 yum 的過程

2013-08-09T19:32:00.000+08:00

因為RHEL 5新安裝後, 出現

This system is not registered with RHN.

RHN support will be disabled.

第一步請先檢查你的RedHat的DNS解析是否有問題!! 如果不行再繼續往下.

沒有去處理官方的要求, 如果你有原版序號, 大概沒有這個問題, 因為這台沒有, 所以直接換成centos的yum組件.

0先檢查 /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo 這個檔案,

原來的內容是:

[rhel-debuginfo]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/enterprise/$releasever/en/os/$basearch/Debuginfo/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

以上參考了 This system is not registered with RHN 解决方案

我有把repo檔的內容載下來, 新的repo內容在最下面

注意,如果你的yum 可以更新, eg: #yum update 可以執行, 下面的步驟就不用執行了

1.卸载redhat的yum组件

# rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps

2.下載yum*.rpm

到 rpm.pbone.net 這個網頁

http://rpm.pbone.net/index.php3/stat/4/idpl/16374650/dir/redhat_el_5/com/yum-2.4.2-0.4.el5.rf.noarch.rpm.html 挑選一個載點下載 yum*.rpm

eg:

(建了一個臨時的/usr/scource 下載需要的 rpm )

wget ftp://ftp.univie.ac.at/systems/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/ppc/fabian/RPMS/yum-2.4.2-0.4.el5.rf.noarch.rpm

3. 安裝rpm

rpm -ivh yum-2.4.2-0.4.el5.rf.noarch.rpm

yum就正常可以使用了(版本2.4.2)

4. 更新yum

#yum install yum

更新到最新版

PS:補充 rhel-debuginfo.repo的內容 (來源 http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/CentOS-Base.repo )
rhel-debuginfo.repo

Organizing an ASP.NET MVC Application using Areas

2013-08-01T16:52:00.002+08:00

To accommodate large projects, ASP.NET MVC lets you partition Web applications into smaller units that are referred to as areas. Areas provide a way to separate a large MVC Web application into smaller functional groupings. An area is effectively an MVC structure inside an application. An application could contain several MVC structures (areas).

This walkthrough demonstrates how to implement areas in an ASP.NET MVC application. The walkthrough creates the functional framework for a blog site that has the following areas:

Main. This is entry point to the Web application. This area includes the landing page and a log-in feature.
Blog. This area is used to display blog posts and to search the archive.
Dashboard. This area is used to create and edit blog posts.

To keep this tutorial simple, the areas do not contain logic to perform the actual tasks for the blog.

A Visual Studio project with source code is available to accompany this topic: Download.

Prerequisites

In order to complete this walkthrough, you will need:

Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1 or Visual Web Developer 2008 Express Edition Service Pack 1, or a later version.
The ASP.NET MVC 2 framework. If you have installed Visual Studio 2010, the ASP.NET MVC 2 is already installed on your computer. To download the most up-to-date version of the framework, see the ASP.NET MVC download page.

This walkthrough assumes that you are familiar with ASP.NET MVC. For more information, see ASP.NET MVC 2.

Creating the Application Structure

To begin, you will create an ASP.NET MVC project and add the folder structure for two child areas (Blog and Dashboard).

To create the application structure

In Visual Studio, in the File menu, and click New Project.
In the Project types window, expand the Visual Basic node or the Visual C# node, and then select theWeb node.
In the Templates window, select ASP.NET MVC 2 Web Application.
Name the project MvcAreasApplication, set the project location, and then select the Create directory for solution check box.
Click OK.
In Solution Explorer, right-click the project name, click Add, and then click Area.
In Area Name, type Blog and then click Add.

An Areas folder is added to the project. The Areas folder contains a folder structure that allows each child area to have its own models, views, and controllers.

In Solution Explorer, right-click the project name, click Add, and then click Area.
In Area Name, enter Dashboard and then click Add.

When you are done, the Areas folder contains two child areas, Blog and Dashboard.

Adding Area-Specific Controllers

You will now add area-enabled controllers and action methods for each area.

To add area controllers

In Solution Explorer, right-click the Controllers subfolder for the Blog area, click Add, and then clickController.
Name the controller BlogController and then click Add.
Add the following code to the BlogController class.

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Mvc;

using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax;

namespace MvcAreasApplication.Areas.Blog.Controllers

{

public class BlogController : Controller

{

public ActionResult ShowRecent()

{

return View();

}

public ActionResult ShowArchive()

{

return View();

}

This code creates two action methods named ShowRecent and ShowArchive. To keep this tutorial simple, the action methods do not contain logic to perform specific tasks.

In the Dashboard area, right-click the Controllers subfolder, click Add, and then click Controller.
Name the controller DashboardController and click Add.
Add the following code to the DashboardController class.

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Mvc;

using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax;

namespace MvcAreasApplication.Areas.Dashboard.Controllers

{

public class DashboardController : Controller

{

public ActionResult AddPost()

{

return View();

}

public ActionResult EditPost()

{

return View();

}

This code creates two action methods named AddPost and EditPost. To keep this tutorial simple, the action methods do not contain logic to perform specific tasks.

Adding Area-Specific Views

Next you will add area-enabled views for each action method.

To add area views

Open the BlogController class, right-click inside the ShowRecent action method, click Add View, and then click Add.
In the ShowRecent view, add the following markup to the page content after the header:

This markup creates a link to the ShowArchive action method that you created earlier.

Right-click inside the ShowArchive method, click Add View, and then click Add.
In the ShowArchive view, add the following markup to the page content after the header:

Open the DashboardController class, right-click inside the AddPost action method, click Add View, and then click Add.
In the AddPost view, add the following markup to the page content after the header:

Right-click inside the EditPost method, click Add View, and then click Add.
In the EditPost view, add the following markup to the page content after the header:

Registering Area Routes

(jk:這段是說每一個Area都會有一個AreaRegistration.cs的檔案(會有一個AreaRegistration的類別),會註冊路由…)

To register area routes

In Solution Explorer, open the Global.asax file for the project.
Insert the following code into the Application_Start method:

AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas()

This code calls the route registration methods for each child area.

Linking Between Areas

However, to generate a link to a different area, you must explicitly pass the target area name in the routeValues parameter for these methods. For example, the following markup shows a link to the ShowBlog action method of BlogController class. This call does not identify a specific area.

<%= Html.ActionLink("Show Blog", "ShowBlog", "Blog") %>

The link will work as expected anywhere within the Blog area(在Blog的area內是正確的). However, if the preceding link is added to a view in the Dashboard area, it will fail. This is because the ASP.NET MVC framework would not be able to find the BlogController class in the Dashboard area.

The following example shows how to create a link that identifies the area in an anonymous object passed in the routeValues parameter. This example is shown only as an explanation. Do not add it to your project.

(jk: Html.ActionLink共有10個Overload主要是要給linkText 跟 actionName)

(jk: 如果要產生不同area的連結,就一定要給目地的area名稱在routeValues的參數內)

<%= Html.ActionLink("Show Blog", "ShowBlog", "Blog", new { area = "blog" }, null) %>

Note

The last null parameter (Nothing in Visual Basic) is required only because the ActionLink method overloads that have a routeValues parameter also have an htmlAttributes parameter. However, this parameter is not required in order to be able to link between areas.

Adding Content to the Main Project

To add content to the main project

Open the master view (Views\Shared\Site.Master).
Insert the following code directly after the <asp:ContentPlaceHolder ID="MainContent" runat="server" /> element.

<p>

Controller: <%= ViewContext.RouteData.Values["controller"] %><br />

Action: <%= ViewContext.RouteData.Values["action"] %><br />

Area: <%= ViewContext.RouteData.DataTokens["area"] %>

</p>

This code adds diagnostic information to the views.

In the same file, find the <ul id="menu"> element and replace the whole element with the following code:

</ul>

This code adds tabs that link across areas.

Building and Testing the Application

Now you can build and test the application.

To build and run the application

Click CTRL-F5 to build the solution and run the application.

The default MVC template home page is displayed in the browser. The page shows the current controller (Home), the action that generated the page (Index), and the current area, which is blank and which indicates the main area.

Click the Blog tab.

The ShowBlog page is displayed. The ShowBlog page contains a link to the ShowArchive page. The current controller is changed to Blog. The action is ShowBlog, and the area is blog.

Click Show Archive.

Notice that the controller and area remain the same, but the action is now ShowArchive.

Click the Dashboard tab.

The AddPost page is displayed. The AddPost page contains a link to the EditPost page. The controller is now Dashboard, the action is AddPost, and the area is dashboard.

Continue navigating the Web site and notice the changes to the controller, action, and area.

MVC2: Adding ASP.NET AJAX Scripting to an MVC Project

2013-08-01T15:19:00.000+08:00

本文主要應用 System.Web.Mvc.AjaxHelper 物件, 進行ajax的應用開發;請確定你有VS2010(預設就是MVC2),本主參考自 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd381533(v=vs.100).aspx?cs-save-lang=1

但是我找到這個練習的完整程式碼,所以自己實作了一個,並附件在文章後.

ASP.NET AJAX enables a Web application to retrieve data from the server asynchronously and to update parts of the existing page. This improves the user experience by making the Web application more responsive.

This walkthrough shows how to get started with adding ASP.NET AJAX functionality to an ASP.NET MVC application.

A Visual Studio project with source code is available to accompany this topic: Download.

Prerequisites

In order to complete this walkthrough, you will need:

Microsoft Visual Studio 2008. You cannot use Microsoft Visual Web Developer Express for this walkthrough.
The ASP.NET MVC 2 framework. If you have installed Visual Studio 2010, the ASP.NET MVC 2 is already installed on your computer. To download the most up-to-date version of the framework, see the ASP.NET MVC download page.

Creating a New MVC Project

To begin, you will create a new ASP.NET MVC project. To keep this walkthrough simple, you will not create the test project that is an option for ASP.NET MVC projects. For more information about how to create an MVC test project, see Walkthrough: Creating a Basic MVC Project with Unit Tests in Visual Studio.

To create a new MVC project

On the File menu, click New Project.
In the New Project dialog box under Project types, expand either Visual Basic or Visual C#, and then clickWeb.
Under Visual Studio installed templates, select ASP.NET MVC Web Application.
In the Name box, type MvcAjaxApplication.
In the Location box, enter the name of the project folder.
Select Create directory for solution.
Click OK.
In the Create Test Project dialog box, select No, do not create a unit test project.

Note

If you are using the Visual Studio 2008 Standard, the Create Unit Test Project dialog box is not displayed. Instead, the new MVC application project is generated without a test project.

Click OK.

The new MVC application project is generated.

Referencing the ASP.NET AJAX Script Libraries

Support for the client functionality of ASP.NET AJAX is in two script libraries: MicrosoftAjax.js and MicrosoftMvcAjax.js. The release version and the debug version of these scripts are located in the project's Scripts folder. Before you can access these libraries in client script, you must add library references to the MVC views in the current project.

To reference the ASP.NET AJAX script libraries

In Solution Explorer, expand the Views folder, and then expand the Shared folder.
Double-click the Site.Master file to open it.
Add the following markup at the end of the head element:

C# & VB

type="text/javascript"></script>

type="text/javascript"></script>

Alternatively, you can drag these files from Solution Explorer onto the Site.Master view, and this code will be added for you.

Adding Action Methods to the HomeController Class

Next you will add two action methods that can be called asynchronously from client script. The GetStatus method just returns a status of "OK" and the current time. The UpdateForm method receives input from an HTML form and returns a message that includes the current time.

To add the action methods to the HomeController class

In Solution Explorer, expand the Controllers folder, and then double-click the HomeController class to open it.
Add the following code after the About method.

public string GetStatus()

{

return "Status OK at " + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();

}

public string UpdateForm(string textBox1)

{

if (textBox1 != "Enter text")

{

return "You entered: \"" + textBox1.ToString() + "\" at " +

DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();

}

return String.Empty;

}

Public Function GetStatus() As String

Return "Status OK at " + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()

End Function

Public Function UpdateForm(ByVal textBox1 As String) As String

If textBox1 <> "Enter text" Then

Return "You entered: """ + textBox1.ToString() + """ at " + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()

End If

Return [String].Empty

End Function

Redefining the Index Page

Finally, you will replace the content of the Index.aspx page, which is added automatically to the Visual Studio project for ASP.NET MVC. The new Index.aspx page displays the time that the page is rendered, a status message that has a link for updating the message asynchronously, and a form for submitting a text string.

To redefine the Index page

In Solution Explorer, expand the Views folder, expand the Home folder, and then open the Index view.
Replace the content of the Content control with the following markup:

<p>

Page Rendered: <%= DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %>

</p>

<span id="status">No Status</span>

<br />

<%= Ajax.ActionLink("Update Status", "GetStatus", new AjaxOptions{UpdateTargetId="status" }) %>

<% using(Ajax.BeginForm("UpdateForm", new AjaxOptions{UpdateTargetId="textEntered"})) { %>

<%= Html.TextBox("textBox1","Enter text")%>

<span id="textEntered">Nothing Entered</span>

<% } %>

// Ajax.ActionLink是建立一個連結呼叫controll內的function
// Ajax.BeginForm是建立一個<form>開頭的標簽

<p>

Page Rendered: <%= DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %>

</p>

<span id="status">No Status</span>

<br />

<%=Ajax.ActionLink("Update Status", "GetStatus", New AjaxOptions With {.UpdateTargetId = "status"})%>

<% Using (Ajax.BeginForm("UpdateForm", New AjaxOptions With {.UpdateTargetId = "textEntered"}))%>

<%= Html.TextBox("textBox1","Enter text")%>

<br />

<span id="textEntered">Nothing Entered</span>

<% End Using%>

In the example, an asynchronous link is created by calling the Ajax.ActionLink method. This method has several overrides. In this example, it accepts three parameters. The first parameter is the text for the link. The second parameter is the MVC action method to call. The third parameter is an AjaxOptions object that defines the intended purpose of the call. In this case, the code will update the DOM element whose ID isstatus.

The form is defined by using the Ajax.Form method, which also has several overrides. In this example, it accepts two parameters. The first parameter is the action method to call. The second parameter is anotherAjaxOptions object, which specifies that the DOM element whose ID is textEntered is to be updated.

Testing the Application

Now you can run the application and see how it works.

To run the MVC application

Press CTRL+F5.

The page displays the time that it was rendered.

Click the Update Status link.

The status message is updated with the time that it was updated. Notice that only the status message was updated.

Enter text in the text box and then click the Submit button.

A message displays the text that you entered and the time it was entered. Once again, notice that only the form was processed.