Online Health Guide

Causes of Vomiting in infants

2009-06-15T09:29:00.000-07:00

Vomiting could be a part of many illnesses in babies and children. It is not a major concern in general as long as the child is otherwise okay and free from other conditions. Vomiting is considered as common for infants, babies and children. The condition occurs when the food is brought back up from the stomach into the mouth and generally, the content is of stomach. All babies will throw up (vomit) a little. We call these spills or possets and these are the most usual cause of infant vomiting.

Sometimes, these possets are a little blood-stained - this is usually no cause for alarm. Milk coming from the stomach, back up the esophagus and out the mouth is also called gastro-esophageal reflux. Most of the time, vomiting in children is caused by gastroenteritis, usually due to a virus infecting the gastrointestinal tract. (Gastroenteritis is sometimes called the "stomach flu," which can also cause nausea and diarrhea.).

These infections usually don't last long and are more disruptive than dangerous. However, kids (especially infants) who are unable to take in enough fluids and also have diarrhea could become dehydrated. It's important to stay calm — vomiting is frightening for young children (and parents, too) and exhausting for kids of all ages. Offering plenty of reassurance to your child and taking measures to prevent dehydration are key for a quick recovery.

The most important factor in determining whether infant vomiting is a problem or not is to look at the rest of your baby. You don't have to worry if she is gaining weight, happy, developing normally (ie. learning new tricks all the time), otherwise well in herself.

Labels:- Vomiting in Infants, Ask a Doctor

Swine Flu Treatment Tips

2009-05-21T09:54:00.000-07:00

The symptoms of swine flu are very similar to the common flu that occurs in humans. The symptoms are mostly fever, cold, cough, runny nose, body aches, diarrhea, vomiting, headache etc. In swine flu the symptoms might be more severe like breathlessness, very high grade fever, loss of appetite and fluid intake, listlessness etc.The important fact is to prevent the spread of this infection. Since it spreads through fomites i.e. through air, infected articles like tissue, paper, pen etc, the preventive measures are very important.

Preventing swine flu from spreading –

Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.
Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.
Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze.
You can also use alcohol-based hand sanitizers.
Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread this way.

Self care tips regarding swine flu –

Avoid crowded places
Try to avoid close contact with sick people.
Stay home from work or school if you are sick.
Consult a doctor immediately when in doubt about your symptoms.

What is H1N1?

The present outbreak in humans, known as "swine flu", is due to a new strain of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 that contained genes most closely related to swine influenza. The origin of this new strain is unknown. However, the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) reports that this strain has not been isolated in pigs, hence can be transmitted from human to human and cause the normal symptoms of influenza.

Label:- Swine Flu Treatments, Swine Flu Symptoms, Swine Flu Causes, Ask a Doctor

Eye Flu Infection Causes

2009-05-09T22:11:00.000-07:00

Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is an infection of the conjunctiva (the outer-most layer of the eye that covers the Conjunctivitis ( pink eye )sclera). Eye flu or pink eye is caused by an infection which can be bacterial or viral. The viral type is often associated with an upper respiratory tract infection, cold, or sore throat. Bacterial conjunctivitis is often caused by bacteria such as staphylococcus and streptococcus. The severity of the infection depends on the type of bacteria involved.

Symptoms of viral conjunctivitis are watery discharge, Irritation, Red eye etc. Infection usually begins with one eye, but may spread easily to the fellow eye. Symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis are Stringy discharge that may cause the lids to stick together, especially after sleeping, Redness of the conjunctiva, Redness, Watering, Irritation and/or a gritty feeling, Usually affects only one eye, but may spread easily to the fellow eye.

Bacterial conjunctivitis is usually treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments that cover a broad range of bacteria. Like the common cold, there is no cure for viral conjunctivitis; however, the symptoms can be relieved with cool compresses and artificial tears (found in most pharmacies). For the worst cases, topical steroid drops may be prescribed to reduce the discomfort from inflammation. Viral conjunctivitis usually takes longer to resolve than bacterial conjunctivitis.To avoid spreading infection, take these simple steps. Disinfect surfaces such as doorknobs and counters with diluted bleach solution. Don’t swim (some bacteria can be spread in the water). Avoid touching the face. Wash hands frequently or use hand sanitizer. Don’t share towels or washcloths. Preferably use tissues than handkerchief to wipe eyes. Avoid shaking hands. Avoid going to work or public places till the infection is active.

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Label:- eye flu infection treatment

Symptoms of Illness in Infants

2009-05-05T17:42:00.000-07:00

One of the common challenges among parents around the world is helping their infants cope with the various illnesses that are so much a part of their early years. In a society where vaccines are abundant and environmental conditions are far better than they were as little as a hundred years ago, these same maladies persist. Let’s face it – regardless of inoculations, most infants will contract one or more illnesses that seem to be intrinsic to childhood. If your infant should suddenly exhibit symptoms, you’ll need to recognize them and seek the necessary medical attention.

Here are some of the more common illnesses that may invade your infant’s health, complete with a list of symptoms and treatments. Symptoms and illness during the first 6 months of life are common occurrences and can be of major concern to the infants' mothers. Appropriate recognition of the symptoms, determination of severity, and proper treatment can substantially reduce illness and prevent some deaths.

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Labels:- Symptoms of illness in Infants, Online Medical Experts

Body Swelling - Cause and Treatment

2009-04-24T18:05:00.000-07:00

Swelling in the body mostly occurs when there is involvement of organs like heart, liver, kidney, thyroid etc. Various infections and inflammation of these organs directly or indirectly can affect swelling in the body. The most common cause of swelling in the body are Kidney diseases - Acute glomerulonephritis, Chronic kidney disease, Nephrotic syndrome, Burns, including sunburn, Heart failure, Liver failure from cirrhosis, Poor nutrition, Pregnancy, Thyroid disease, Too little albumin in the blood (hypoalbuminemia), Too much salt or sodium, Severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis, Use of certain drugs, including Androgenic and anabolic steroids, Calcium channel blockers, Certain blood pressure medicines, Corticosteroids such as prednisone, Diabetes medicines called thiazolidinediones, Estrogen, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) etc.

The treatment depends of the cause of swelling. Initial investigations like liver function test, renal function test, echocardiogram, blood counts, electrolyte levels, urine analysis, blood pressure measurement etc are done to know the cause of the swelling. Depending on the underlying disease treatment is started by your doctor. Various home measures can be taken like restricting salt in diet, rest and continue the prescribed medicines if given. The outcome of body swelling depends on the cause, and the treatment prescribed. In many cases with appropriate medicines, and regular diet and follow up would lead to significant improvement in patients with body swelling.

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Label:- Online Doctor Help, Causes of Body Swelling

Nutrition in Children

2009-01-20T05:49:00.000-08:00

Health and nutrition go hand in hand. Better the nutrition of the child healthier he/she will be. Due to constant growth of children a healthy nutritious balanced diet is necessary. There are a few guidelines for diet in children if followed help in proper growth of the child –

Maintain a good balance of fruits and vegetables in the child’s diet
Try giving five servings of fruits and vegetables a day
Avoid junk food and fast food
Water and milk should be preferred instead of sugary fruit drinks and sodas
Choose healthy sources of protein, such as lean meat, fish, nuts and eggs
A fibre diet should be preferred by giving whole-grain breads and cereals
Broil, grill or steam foods instead of frying them
Avoid fat and sugary products in your child's diet.
Give items rich in Calcium.

A good diet and healthy eating habits in childhood lay the foundation for a healthy adult life. Nowadays, there is a tendency to eat a lot of junk food. To ensure a good diet by your child, you yourself would need to give him/her company.

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Labels:- online medical help, Ask the Doctor

Low Eye Vision Problem

2009-01-07T09:48:00.000-08:00

People of all ages may have low vision, but the elderly are more often affected. Several conditions can cause low vision. Each condition may affect sight ability in a different way. The various causes of low vision can be –

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) – ROP occurs in infants born prematurely and is caused by high oxygen levels in incubators during the critical neonatal period
Cataract – This can be age related (in older people), comgenital (by birth), complicated (due to an injury or infectio/inflammation of eye)
Simple spectacle correction or astigmatism
Glaucoma – An increase in pressure in the eye can damage the optic nerve of the eye and can lead to permanent loss or decrease of vision.
Macular Degeneration – Seen in older age group and affects the retina, the light sensitive lining at the back of the eye where images are focused. The macula—the area on the retina responsible for sharp central vision—deteriorates, causing blurred vision, which may cause problems such as difficulty reading, and for some, a blind spot in the central area of vision.
Retinal detachment – A hole or break in the retina can cause sudden loss of vision of the eye.
Other causes like degenerative disorders like retinitis pigmentosa, eye injury, brain stroke, brain tumor etc can also cause loss of vision.

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Label:- Low Eye Vision

Causes of Allergies

2008-12-30T07:08:00.000-08:00

Our immune system is our first line of defense against substances that would otherwise harm us. An allergy refers to an exaggerated reaction by our immune system in response to bodily contact with certain foreign substances. These foreign substances are usually seen by the body as harmless and no response occurs in non- allergic people. IN allergic people, their body recognizes the foreign substance and one part of the immune system is turned on causing various allergies like eczema (skin allergy), asthma (chest allergy), eye allergy etc. Allergy-producing substances are called "allergens." Examples of allergens include pollens, dust mite, molds, danders, and foods. The various causes of allergies can be

Food items – Various nuts, sea food, drinks, eggs, milk, wheat etc.
Clothing items like wool can cause skin allergy
Dust, pollens, dander can cause skin and chest allergy
Sunlight can cause skin allergy
Insect bites
Tics and mites
Allergy to various medicines like penicillins, sulfa drugs.
Various cosmetics and chemicals

The allergen (listed above) triggers the immune response and presents as various forms like in skin, eyes, chest etc. Usually a person can outgrow various allergies over few years. But rarely they can persist.

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Label:- Causes of Allergies, Online Medical Experts

Dentists warn against brushing teeth after every meal

2008-10-18T22:17:00.000-07:00

Dentists in Britain say children should not brush their teeth after every meal, they say it may be doing their teeth more harm than good.

A study of dentists and parents of school-age children, by toothpaste company Sensodyne, found that 53% of five-year-olds had tooth erosion.

Experts are suggesting that acid in food and drink can make tooth enamel soft and using a toothbrush straight after eating can scratch the surface of the teeth and wear them down.

Professor Jimmy Steele of the School of Dental Sciences at the University of Newcastle, analysed the study, and he says children should avoid brushing immediately after consuming acidic food or drinks as this is when the enamel is at its softest.

He says adult teeth generally start to appear when children are six yearsold and need to last a lifetime, so protection from an early age is vital; he says children should be encouraged to drink acid drinks with a straw placed towards the back of the mouth away from teeth.

While the main cause of acid erosion is drinks, fizzy ones are not the only culprits as those containing fruit are also high in acid.

According to the research, even eating an orange and sucking out the juice from segments is bad for erosion.

The research found that 93 per cent of parents are not aware of which types of food and drink contain acid and 58% say their children smother food in sauces or dressings, not realising this is a major cause of acid erosion.

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Online Health News

2008-10-10T18:37:00.000-07:00

People who drink alcohol mixed with energy drinks can double their chances of being hurt or injured after drinking, needing medical attention and travelling with a drunk driver, according to new US research.

Australian Drug Foundation (ADF) CEO John Rogerson said "People need to consider the risks involved in consuming these drinks. The research suggests you are more likely to end up in hospital or be assaulted if you drink these products. "

"Combining alcohol and energy drinks is just plain dangerous. People might think they are drinking alcoholic energy drinks responsibly, but if they choose to then drive they are at particular risk, because they may feel more sober than they really are."

The Australian Drug Foundation backed a public warning from The Hon. Tony Robinson, Minister for Consumer Affairs, that alcoholic energy drinks may be more intoxicating than consumers expect.

"The Australian Drug Foundation is pleased that the Victorian Government recognises the potential risks that alcoholic energy drinks can pose and we now need to work together to ensure the message gets to those most at risk."

In most cases, the caffeine content in alcoholic energy drinks is far greater than non-alcoholic energy drinks. The table below shows the caffeine content per serving size of some popular alcoholic energy drinks * and soft drinks:

Beverage (250 ml) - Caffeine content
Coca-Cola - 48.75 mg
Elevate * - 96.6mg
HI NRG * - 60mg
Naughty Boy * - 80mg
Pepsi - 40 mg
Pulse * - 44mg
Red Bull - 80 mg
'V' - 78 m

Mr. Rogerson also implored all alcohol companies to actually cease the production of alcoholic energy drinks.

"What we would ideally like is for all alcohol companies to act responsibly and voluntarily withdraw the production of alcoholic energy drinks"

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Label: Ask the doctor, Australian Drug Foundation

Symptom of Breast Diseases

2008-09-14T18:41:00.000-07:00

Most women experience breast changes at some time. Your age, hormone levels and medicines you take may cause lumps, bumps and discharges. Common symptoms of potential breast disease that need further evaluation include a breast lump, pain, discharge or skin irritation. It is important to remember that minor and serious breast problems have similar symptoms. Although many women fear cancer, most breast problems are not cancer.

Some common causes of breast changes are

* Fibrocystic breast condition - lumpiness, thickening and swelling, often associated with a woman's period
* Cysts - fluid-filled lumps
* Fibroadenomas - solid, round, rubbery lumps that move easily when pushed, occurring most in younger women
* Intraductal papillomas - growths similar to warts near the nipple
* Blocked or clogged milk ducts
* Milk production when a woman is not breastfeeding
* Injury

One out of eight women are at risk of developing breast cancer over their lifetime. Monthly breast self exam is one part of total breast care that includes annual physical exams and mammograms after age 40. Between 33 and 50 percent of all women experience benign breast disease or another benign breast disease. If you discover a lump in one breast, check the other breast. If both breasts feel the same, the lumpiness is probably normal. You should, however, mention it to your doctor at your next visit.

We at http://www.simplyanswer.com/ provide online medical advice for treatment of breast disease or symptoms. We provide medical advice services with in 24 hours.

Label: Online Medical Advice, Breast Disease Symptoms

Types of Bone Diseases

2008-09-09T10:25:00.000-07:00

Types of Bone Diseases

The bones along with the muscles form the framework over which the rest of the body is supported. Your bones help you move, give you shape and support your body. However we need to be aware that they are living tissues that rebuild constantly throughout your life. During childhood and your teens, your body adds new bone faster than it removes old bone. After about age 20, you can lose bone faster than you make bone. To have strong bones when you are young, and to prevent bone loss when you are older, you need to get enough calcium, vitamin D and exercise.

There are many kinds of bone problems:
* Osteoporosis makes your bones weak and more likely to break
* Rickets – Due to Vitamin D deficiency in kids
* Osteogenesis imperfecta makes your bones brittle
* Paget's disease of bone makes them weak
* Bone disease can make bones easy to break
* Bones can also develop cancer
* Spine disease due to degtenerative changes, poor posture etc. may lead to neurological problems including paralysis
* Infections in the bone like osteomylelitis can be very difficult to treat.
* Other bone diseases are caused by poor nutrition, genetic factors or problems with the rate of bone growth or rebuilding

It is important that you are evaluated by an orthopedician so that appropriate tests can be done and treatment given for all types of bone diseases.

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Label: Ask the Doctor, Bone Diseases

Major Factor for Abdominal Pain

2008-09-01T18:04:00.000-07:00

Many factors can pose a significant challenge to doctors in managing chronic abdominal pain. While a careful review of a patient's medical history, a thorough physical examination, and appropriate studies usually help provide an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan for acute (short-term or sudden onset) pain, the same cannot be said for chronic (prolonged or long-term) pain. In fact, some therapies appropriate for acute pain, such as analgesics (pain medications), rest, and surgery, may only worsen chronic pain.

The first step in managing chronic abdominal pain is determining the nature, causes, and development of any abnormal condition, and the mechanism of pain. For optimal management, pain must be assessed from biological, social, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral perspectives.

Here are the common factors that influence abdominal pain …
Anxiety and depression
Anxious feelings are common and often occur in every one of us, but they may cause emotional and physical distress. Physical symptoms of anxiety include increased muscle tension, which can worsen symptoms of irritable bowel disease.
Activity level
Pain is minimized by distraction and increased by attention. When we spend time involved in activities, attention is drawn away from pain symptoms. But a lack of activity increases self-awareness and tends to focus attention on pain. Also, inactivity not only leads to general de-conditioning, but also to weakening of the abdominal muscles, which contributes to poor posture and increases pressure on the joints.
Cognitive and emotional factors
How a person understands and interprets pain can influence suffering.
Addictive behavior
Chemical dependence, including narcotics, tranquilizer addictions, and alcoholism, are important contributors to chronic pain. Not only does chemical dependence increase pain symptoms, but it also can produce cravings, muscle spasms, and other symptoms that are experienced as pain.

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Label:- Online Medical Help, Ask a Medical Question

Causes of Dehydration

2008-08-26T09:00:00.000-07:00

If you're an average adult, every day you lose more than 10 cups (close to 2.5 liters) of water simply by sweating, breathing and eliminating waste. You also lose electrolytes — minerals such as sodium, potassium and calcium that maintain the balance of fluids in your body. Normally, you can replenish what you've lost through the foods and liquids you consume, even when you're active.

Causes include:-

Lack of adequate water intake, because you're sick or busy, or because you lack access to potable water when you're traveling, hiking or camping, mouth sores, uncosciousness etc.
increased losses due to Diarrhea, vomiting, excessive sweating in hot and humid conditions, fever, diabetes due to increased urination, excessive respiration like in pneumonia, burns, etc.
Renal failure, addison’s disease and other similar conditions too can lead to increased urination thus leading to dehydration.
Certain medications — diuretics, antihistamines, blood pressure medications and some psychiatric drugs — as well as alcohol also can lead to dehydration, generally because they cause you to urinate or perspire more than normal.

As the patient becomes more dehydrated - irrespective of the cause - symptoms include: weight loss (2-3 pounds per day), dryness of the mouth, decreased production of saliva, impaired swallowing, shrinkage of tissue, dry/wrinkled skin, headache, raised pulse, shrunken eyes, and fever. As dehydration and salt loss progresses, blood output from the heart decreases, while sweating may cease entirely. Body temperature then rises precipitously. If urination falls too low in response to the dehydrated condition of the body, the kidney becomes unable to excrete toxic waste products. The combined effect of high temperature, reduced blood output and kidney malfunction is irreversible shock and death. Typically this occurs in previously healthy adults after a water loss of about 12-15 liters (3-3.75 gallons), but may occur much more quickly in the very young or very old.

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Label:Ask a Doctor , Online Medical Consultation

Causes of Hair Loss

2008-08-19T09:02:00.000-07:00

The common causes of hair loss include:-

A stress like surgery, severe illness etc. For example, about 3 or 4 months after an illness or a major surgery, you may suddenly lose a large amount of hair. This hair loss is related to the stress of the illness and is temporary. This is also known as Telogen Effluvium.
Hormonal problems like low thyroid, elevated testosterone, and diabetes and PCOS (Polycystic Ovaria Syndrome) can lead to hair loss.
Several inflammatory skin conditions, such as eczema, seborrhea, and psoriasis, cause patches of hair loss with red and scaly skin underneath. Fungal scalp infections (also called ringworm) and bacterial infections of the hair roots (folliculitis) can also cause similar problems.
Tight hairbands can cause local trauma & thinning simply by breaking off the hairs at their base. Some chemical hair treatments damage the follicles or the hair itself. Insects that attack the hair (like lice or scabies) can cause hair loss either by directly breaking the hair or by causing the person to scratch, which in turn damages the hair.
In male- and female-pattern baldness, the time of growth shortens, and the hairs are not as thick or sturdy. With each growth cycle, the hairs become rooted more superficially and more easily fall out. Heredity likely plays a key role.
Having inadequate protein or iron in your diet or poor nourishment in other ways can cause you to experience hair loss. Fad diets, crash diets and certain illnesses, such as eating disorders, can cause poor nutrition.
Certain drugs used to treat gout, arthritis, depression, heart problems and high blood pressure may cause hair loss in some people. Taking birth control pills also may result in hair loss for some women.
Psychological problems may lead to a condition called Trichotillomania in which people pull out their hair, leading to hair loss.

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Labels: Causes of Hairloss, Diet For Hair

Benefits Of Breastfeeding

2008-08-03T17:29:00.000-07:00

Breastfeeding is the best form of nutrition for babies. Breastmilk provides all the nutrients a baby needs. In the UK it is recommended that babies fed by breastfeeding alone for their first six months. The recommended age for starting to add in solid foods ('weaning') is six months. Below are some benefits of why 'breast is best' for most babies and mothers.

What are Benefits of Breastfeeding?

Breast milk is the most complete form of nutrition for infants. A mother's milk has just the right amount of fat, sugar, water, and protein that is needed for a baby's growth and development.
Most babies find it easier to digest breast milk than they do formula.
There is some evidence that children who are breast-fed are less likely to be obese when they are grown up.
There is also growing evidence that babies who are breast fed are less likely to develop diabetes and heart disease in later life.
Many mothers also get emotional benefits from breastfeeding because of the closeness of this interaction with the baby and from the satisfaction of helping to nourish their babies.
Breastfeeding can help a mother to bond with her baby. Physical contact is important to newborns and can help them feel more secure, warm and comforted.
Some of the nutrients in breast milk also help protect an infant against some common childhood illnesses and infections, such as diarrhoea, middle ear infections, and certain lung infections.

Are there cases in which it is better not to breastfeed?

A woman with certain health conditions, such as HIV or active tuberculosis, should not breastfeed because she risks giving the infection to her infant through her breast milk.
Women who actively use drugs or do not control their alcohol intake, or who have a history of these situations, may also be advised not to breastfeed.
Certain medicines, including some mood stabilizers and migraine medicines, can also pass through the breast milk and cause harm to the infant.

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Label: Breastfeeding Benefits

Causes and Treatment for Hair Loss

2008-07-28T20:05:00.000-07:00

Causes of Hair loss

A lot of men today who suffer from hair loss are usually so intent on finding a solution, they will try almost anything. It's not that they are looking for some fountain of youth. They are just tired of hair loss making them look ten to fifteen years older than they really are, and they are committed to doing something decisive and positive about it.

Baldness and hair loss are not always inevitable, and the amount and rate of loss can often be diminished with the correct treatment. Some men have areas on the scalp that are very sensitive to the male sex hormones that circulate in men's blood. The hormones make the hair follicles - from which hair grows - shrink. Eventually, they become so small that they cannot replace lost hairs. The follicles are still alive, but are no longer able to perform their task.

Treatment for Hair Loss

There are various solutions for baldness available but only some of them work appreciably in reducing hair loss or controlling baldness. Baldness is generally regarded as natural, and not a disease. So if a person decides they wish to try to get their hair back, they will probably have to pay for the lengthy, expensive procedure themselves.
To solution to solving such a physical problem is to consult a doctor and follow the advice with the prescribed medication.

Finasteride (Propecia) is a medicine taken in tablet form that partially blocks the effects of the male hormones (an 'anti-androgen'). It is used in a higher dose to reduce the size of the prostate gland in men with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Propecia has been shown to halt further hair loss and promote re-growth of scalp hair in approximately 80 per cent of patients after three to six months. Treatment must be continued to sustain the improvement in hair growth.

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Label: Causes of Hair Loss, Treatment for Hair Loss

What Is Sore Throat

2008-07-14T21:30:00.000-07:00

A sore throat (also known as pharyngitis or tonsillitis) is a disease primarily located in the area around the tonsils. It can be caused by both a virus and a bacteria. A sore throat is partly a disease in itself and partly an effect of other diseases such as flu and glandular fever.The disease is normally seen in children and young people but it can occur at any age. The characteristics of the disease are throat pain and trouble swallowing. If the disease is due to bacteria it can be treated with antibiotics. Usually there are no complications.

What are the signs of a sore throat?

Breathing through the mouth (can cause drying and irritation of the throat)Common coldViral pharyngitisInfluenzaStrep throat (caused by streptococcal bacteria)Infectious mononucleosisFish, chicken bone, or other foreign substance stuck in the throat. (For emergency actions, see choking child or adult or CPR.)Endotracheal intubation (tube insertion)Surgery such as tonsillectomy and adenoidectomySore throat caused by bacteriaBacterial causes of sore throat or tonsillitis can require further attention from parents and pediatricians. Streptococcus, or strep, is the most frequently found bacterial cause of sore throat. This germ requires an antibiotic for rapid treatment. Antibiotics do not lower the body's immune system or make it "lazy." On the contrary, antibiotics enable the normal, healthy immune system to kill bacteria (like strep) more rapidly and effectively.

Treatment For Sore Throat

Viral pharyngitis: Treat symptomatically with hydration, decongestants, saline nasal spray, analgesics, and restStrep pharyngitis: Appropriate antibiotics (e.g., penicillin, erythromycin) and symptomatic treatment with analgesicsMononucleosis: Symptomatic treatment with analgesics; limit contact sports if splenomegaly is present –Hospitalization in patients with encephalitis, airway compromise, or dehydration due to nausea/vomiting secondary to hepatitisAllergic pharyngitis: Antihistamines, nasal steroidsForeign body: Protect airway; removal by ENT doctorGERD: H2 blockers (e.g., ranitidine) or proton pump inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole), elevate head of bed, weight loss, small meals

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Label: Symptoms of Sore Throat, Ask From Medical Experts

Tonsillectomies - To do or not to do

2008-07-06T22:01:00.000-07:00

Tonsillectomies have long been the 'bread and butter' of the ENT surgeons. When they are indicated, they are a great help for the kids and parents, however it has been seen that a lot many tonsillectomies are NOT NECESSARY!So how do we decide when a tonsillectomy is indicated?A tonsillectomy is generally done for recurrent 'sore throat' or throat infections.

However in most children it has been shown that there is no significant decrease in the number of Upper respiratory infections (URI) after undergoing tonsillectomies (Sept 11, 2004, BMJ).

Only those children who get a documented (seen by a doctor, preferably)attack of URI of 6-7 times in 1 year, or 5 episodes per year for 2consecutive years, or 3 episodes per year for 3 consecutive years shouldprobably be taken up for tonsillectomy.

Among other reasons for tonsillectomies would be extremely large tonsils interfering with sleep (Obstructive Sleep Apnoea) detected by snoring, irregular sleep, daytime sleepiness, and mouth breathing. Also if a child has very severe URI's with long lasting symptoms tonsillectomy may be undertaken sooner.

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Labels: tonsils

Breast feeding cuts Asthma Risk

2008-07-06T21:28:00.001-07:00

There is more good news for parents that have been exclusively breastfeeding, a recent published by AAAAI clearly shows that Babies who are exclusively breast-fed for their first four months of life have a reduced risk of asthma during their first four years. Researchers analyzed data about 4,089 infants and found that asthma rate was 6.4 percent among 4-year-old children who'd been exclusively breast-fed for the first four months or longer, compared with 9.1 percent of those who'd been exclusively breast-fed for less than four months.The important thing to note is that these kids had been given NOTHING but breast feed for the first 4 months. The study also found that continued partial breast-feeding after exclusive breast-feeding also helped protect children against asthma.Given the trend of increasing asthma in Indian kids, this study shows a simple way to try and reduce this epidemic disease.For more question about breast feeding visit us at http://www.simplyanswer.com/ and post your question online.

Label: Breastfeeding Effects

GoodBye Mr Walker

2008-06-19T17:14:00.000-07:00

Most parents are very anxious about their kid’s milestones, and would like them to achieve walking, talking sitting etc. as soon as possible, even though there is no scientific basis for this.To this end many parents want to know if putting their child in a 'walker' will help make the child walk faster.I feel that there are a few disadvantages to using a walker and these must be kept in mind before the use of walker is decided upon.

Disadvantages:

Children using walker actually walk 'later'. This is because their inherent need to move quickly from on e place to another is satisfied by using a walker; also while in a walker a child is not really walking he/she is just sitting and cruising around. This leads to the use of calf muscles, rather than the hip muscles which are needed to walk, thereby delaying walking.Another issue with a walker is safety; a child in a walker is very likely to trip on even a small bump on the floor (like the edge a carpet, uneven floor etc.). Also fall from a staircase is likely to result in worse injuries if the child is in a walker.

Advantages:

The reason why most parents use a walker is to see the child move around and generally feel independent; children love it for the same reason;Another important feedback mothers give is that it helps them to do other household chores like cooking etc. because they know the child will not be sitting on the floor, putting various undesirable things in their mouth, catching a cold by sitting on the cold floor etc.All things considered my advice is that if you have not bought a walker... don't buy one. Consider buying a push-toy where the child stands with the support of the toy and pushes it, this is not only more physiological (natural) but also avoids the problems associated with the walker. If you have already bought one and your child is happy in it, let it be but be careful especially if you have stairs around the house. If you want to keep your child busy and safe while you are doing house work, consider buying a play pen wherein you can put all the toys so that the child can play and remain safe!

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Label: Advantage of Walker, Disadvantage of Walker

How To Choose A Pediatrician

2008-05-26T18:02:00.001-07:00

Choosing a pediatrician is an important event that should actually begin even before the child is born. As a general pediatrician, I frequently speak with both current and expecting parents about choosing a pediatrician. Many parents are not aware of the importance of selecting the right doctor for their children, or of how to go about doing it.
Let us first begin by asking the basic question:

Why Choose A Pediatrician To Care For Your Child?

The role of a pediatrician involves all of the following:

Screening and evaluating babies and children for appropriate growth and development, and assessing abnormalities and disabilities, if any.
Vaccination of babies and children, and advice about specific diseaseprevention.Advice on feeding, diet, food supplements, and other nutrition concerns.
Assessing illnesses and treating them, including admission to hospitalisation for serious diseases. Coordination of care for children receiving treatment from different specialists, and responsibility for the child's overall health.
Health education for the family.

Pediatricians have the most comprehensive medical trainingto respond to these needs.

How Are Pediatricians Trained?

A Pediatrician is a 'qualified' Child Specialist. In India this means that after doing his basic MBBS (5 years) a pediatrician has to undergo an additional training (for 2-3 years, on-the-job training) in dealing exclusively with children. This residency training prepares pediatricians to help meet the needs of healthy children in such areas as normal growth, development, nutrition and behavior. After completing the training an exam needs to be passed to become a Pediatrician. A normal physician has less pediatric training than pediatricians, and may not be able to provide the same quality of care to a child as a pediatrician. Some pediatricians have additional subspecialty training beyond residency.In the next part we will discuss the 'ideal qualities' to look for in a pediatrician!

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Label: Ask Medical Question Online

AAP Endrses New Meningococcal Vaccine

2008-05-17T07:40:00.000-07:00

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has released a new policy statement recommending routine meningococcal vaccination for certain age groups. The guidelines call for the quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine (MCV4) for:

Young adolescents (11-12 years of age)
Adolescents at high school entry or 15 years of age (whichever comes first) for those who have not previously been vaccinated
All college freshmen living in dormitories
Other groups at high risk such as those with underlying medical conditions or travelers to areas with high rates of meningococcal disease

The recommendations will help prevent meningococcal disease, a potentially fatal bacterial infection. Although rare, meningococcal disease is dangerous because the disease progresses rapidly, and within hours of the onset of symptoms it may cause permanent disability or death.

Meningococcal disease is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in U.S. toddlers, adolescents and young adults. Symptoms include high fever, headache, stiff neck, confusion, nausea, vomiting and exhaustion, and a rash may appear. Lifestyle factors thought to contribute to the disease include direct contact with an infected person, e.g., exchanging saliva, often through kissing; crowded living conditions, e.g., dormitories; and active or passive smoking. Vaccination is the best method of preventing meningococcal disease.

Meningococcal infections can be treated with drugs such as penicillin. "Still," says AAP President Carol Berkowitz, MD, FAAP, "about one in every ten people who get the disease dies from it, and many others are affected for life. That is why preventing the disease through use of meningococcal vaccine is important for the high-risk groups."

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) determined that establishing the target age at 11 years may give lasting immunity through college. Studies have determined that the disease peaks in 16- to 18-year-olds, supporting vaccination of 15-year-olds.

More information on the vaccine can be found at the AAP Web site at http://www.aap.org/ and ask for online medical consultation at http://www.simplyanswer.com/

Labels: online medical consultation

Masturbation in Preschool children

2008-05-11T10:08:00.000-07:00

I recently had a 3 year old child from Canada. The parents that thier child had possibly a recurrent pinworm infection (as stated by their health care provider). On detailed questioning it was found that the child enjoyed rubbing her genitals againt any surface, as opposed to scratching with her fingers. This suggested a diagnosis of masturbation.The following information is by Dr. Barton Schmitt, and taken from the Virtual hospital website. This may come as a shock, but it is estimated that almost 30% of toddlers and preschoolers masturbate. Masturbation is self-stimulation of the genitals for pleasure and self-comfort. It is a normal, healthy activity at any age. During masturbation, children usually rub themselves with their hands. Girls may rock against an object such as a stuffed animal or pillow. Children usually appear dazed, flushed, and preoccupied while they are masturbating. These children have discovered masturbation during normal exploration of their bodies and it continues because it feels good. Masturbation becomes frequent only if the child is pressured to stop. That invites a power struggle.Try these approaches instead:• First, set realistic goals. It’s impossible to eliminate masturbation. All that you can control is where it occurs. Accept it in the bedroom or bathroom or at nap time.• Second, ignore masturbation at naptime or at bedtime. Don’t check on your child at these times.• Third, distract your child from masturbation at other times. Try a toy or a new activity. If this fails, send your child to his room. You can’t ignore it, or your child will feel he can masturbate anywhere. Your child will catch on to privacy and modesty somewhere between the ages of four and six.• Fourth, be sure no one punishes your child for this. It’s counterproductive.• Finally, if you’re having trouble accepting this normal behavior, talk with your child’s doctor.My suggestion: Please remember that there is no sexual element in preschooler masturbation, it is just a pleasurable sensation generated by self-exploration, do not let your guilt, feeling about sex influence your atitude towards the child. Try to be nonchalant about the whole thing, and inform the child that it is inappropriate to carry out this activity in public. In a way, it would be equivalent to thumb-sucking or any similar activity that the child indulges in while he is bored or alone.For more help from experts visit us at http://www.simplyanswer.com and ask question online.

Sleep Hygiene for Children

2008-05-04T17:25:00.001-07:00

My sister-in-law has an adorable 1 year old boy. This otherwise happy baby however becomes a extreemly fussy, irritable and cranky at least once/ twice a day.... Reason: Sleep time! In my practice I have come across innumerable instances of children having a lot of difficulty in falling of to sleep.Listed below are a few tips to help get your child to sleep without a lot of fussHave a set bedtime and bedtime routine for your child.Bedtime and wake-up time should be about the same time on school nights and non-school nights. There should not be more than about an hour difference from one day to another.Make the hour before bed shared quiet time. Avoid such high-energy activities as rough play, and stimulating activities such as watching TV or playing computer games just before bed.Don't send your child to bed hungry. A light snack (such as milk and cookies) before bed is a good idea. Heavy meals within an hour or two of bedtime, however, may interfere with sleep.Avoid products containing caffeine for at least several hours before bedtime. These include caffeinated sodas, coffee, tea, and chocolate.Make sure your child spends time outside every day whenever possible and is involved in regular exercise.Keep your child's bedroom quiet and dark. A low-level nightlight is acceptable for children who find completely dark rooms frightening.Keep your child's bedroom at a comfortable temperature during the night (less than 75 degrees).Don't use your child's bedroom for time-out or punishment.Keep the television set out of your child's bedroom. Children can easilydevelop the bad habit of “needing” the TV to fall asleep. It's also much moredifficult to control your child's TV viewing if the set is in the bedroom.If you have question then you can post your question at http://www.simplyanswer.com/

Label: Sleep Hygiene For Children