Pets Lovers

Birman Cat

2013-05-30T02:05:00.001-07:00

Birman Cat

Birmans are a semi-longhaired breed of cat with robust bodies and short legs. Their paws should be small and round. Birmans' fur is white on most of their bodies and on the paws, with markings on the 'points' of their bodies: their ears, the tips of their tails, their faces and their legs. These points can be any one of a large range of colours. The Birman cat's eyes are very large and strikingly blue. There should be a fluffy collar of fur around their necks, and their tails are long and very bushy. They plume out and the tip is coloured.

Size

Large

Colours

Seal, blue, lilac, red, cream, chocolate, seal tortie (female only breed), seal tortie tabby, blue tabby, seal tabby ........ Some examples are:

Temperament

Birman cats are extremely docile and relaxed animals. They enjoy lying around the house and bond closely with their owners. Birmans are not particularly loud or verbal cats, but they are very loyal and will follow their owners around. They will always be in the same room as their owners and purr perpetually. They are inquisitive, intelligent and playful. They get along well with other animals and are very sociable.

Suitable for

Families, particularly with young children

Care

Birman cats will need brushed at least two or three times a week and will need bathed at least every season to maintain their coats.

History

Birman cats are said to have been created by Burmese priests, who sent a pair to France as a gift of thanks to the French military for helping them to leave Burma when forced out. The female was pregnant at the time, and the breed was established in Europe throughout the 1900s.

Chartreux

2013-05-30T01:36:00.000-07:00

Chartreux
The Chartreux may be one of The Cat Fanciers’ Association’s oldest new breeds. Chartreux history is steeped in legend, even though the breed was only advanced to championship status in 1987.

Recent research has proven that the origin of these cats was in ancient Persia. They probably arrived at the French monasteries with knights returning from the Crusades. Some cats remained behind and became a vital part of monastic life.

There exists a lovely old legend that the Chartreux lived with, and were named for, the Carthusian monks of France, and perhaps even shared a tipple or two of their famous Chartreuse liqueur! Recent research, however, indicates that because of the woolly character of their fur, they were given the same name as a well known Spanish wool of the early 18th century. Since this method of naming is common in animal husbandry, it is very likely the truth. Nevertheless, the presence of this natural breed of cat was noted in documents as early as the 16th century, and was acknowledged for its unique coat texture and color. Whatever the reason, the Chartreux adopted France with all their native vitality and intelligence, and the country adopted the breed.

The Chartreux is a study in contrasts. Often described as a “potato on toothpicks,” the Chartreux has a robust body, broad shoulders and a deep chest, all complemented by medium short, finely boned legs. The Chartreux is well muscled, which would enable the cat to meet its obligation as the fine mouser it is reputed to be in French literature. Unlike any other cat, the Chartreux’s blue fur is medium in length and woolly, with the proper coat breaking at the neck, chest, and flanks. A dense undercoat gives it resistance to the elements and a feeling of sheep’s wool.

The Chartreux is known for its smile. The rounded head with its softly contoured forehead tapers to a narrowed muzzle. This gives the Chartreux an image of smiling. The nose is straight with a slight stop at eye level. The Chartreux’s eyes are one of its most endearing features. They are rounded, but not as round as the Persian’s. The outer corners curve slightly upward. Color ranges from gold to copper, the latter being most preferred by breeders. This preference could actually describe the Chartreux as a “sweet potato on toothpicks.” The ears should be medium in height and width, set high and erect on the head. Most importantly, the Chartreux should enjoy being handled for exhibition.

Chartreux quickly become attached to one family and frequently follow them from room to room. Known for their dog-like behavior, these cats can be taught to fetch a ball, and most will respond to their names. By tradition, all kittens born in a given year are named beginning with a specific letter of the alphabet for that particular year. Breeders use only 20 letters, omitting K, Q, W, X, Y and Z.

The Chartreux is a quiet breed, chirping rather than meowing at things it finds interesting. This intelligent cat is fascinated by television and sitting in a sunny window watching birds and other outdoor wildlife. Chartreux kittens are quick to play and interact with their human companions.

Physical maturity can be three years in coming, with a scraggly stage between kitten and adulthood that puts one in mind of a gawky, adolescent youngster. Then, almost overnight, they put it all together, with stunning results. Environment and attention have everything to do with this breed’s adult manners and behavior. Brushing the double coat is a no-no. Instead, running your fingers through the fur on a daily basis will suffice and will also contribute to your cat’s social demeanor at the same time.

Chartreux kittens are generally available by reservation only inasmuch as the breed is zealously protected by its breeders and demand for these endearing cats outstrips availability. During World War II, some French breeders tried to save the breed from extinction by outcrossing to Persians and British Shorthairs, resulting in the European Shorthair. However, the original Chartreux cats that were imported to the United States came from the French countryside, and only those cats were used in breeding programs to produce and preserve the natural status of the present pedigreed Chartreux. This lovely breed was brought to the United States through the efforts of John and Helen Gamon who were committed to finding and acquiring the beautiful cats. Today, many American-bred Chartreux are being returned to French breeders, thus reducing even further their availability in the United States.

Persian Cat

2013-05-29T21:44:00.001-07:00

Persian Cat

The Persian is usually a medium sized cat, although she is massive and heavily boned. With her masses of fur, she can appear larger than she really is.

The Persian is an extreme-looking breed. The body is short, but thick with thick legs and a short, thick neck. The tail is short and the ears are small. The head is round with large, round eyes. When viewed in profile her face is flat and the nose changes direction so that what is seen is mostly the colored flesh on her nose.

The coat on a Persian is thick, full and long. It is fine, but should be lustrous and glossy.

PERSONALITY:

The Persian is a placid cat that exhibits bursts of kitten-like activity. The cat will be sleeping in the sun when she suddenly explodes, running around the room and rolling around.

The Persian will stretch out next to you, sleep in your bed, and sit on your lap when she is in the mood. She does not mind changes in routine and is generally friendly with anyone and everyone.

LIVING WITH:

The Persian needs to have her nutrition controlled to stay in good condition. Since the breed is not known for a high degree of energetic exercise, attention must be paid to both her nutrition and regular exercise. That means the Persian must get exercise to keep in top condition. While Persians like to play with their guardians and will play with interactive toys, chase balls, and attack catnip mice, you might have to keep after them to exercise daily.

The Persian coat requires attention daily. She must be brushed and combed in order to keep the coat from tangling. In addition, the flat face must be cleaned regularly and carefully as tear stains can be deposited on the face.

HISTORY:

The Persian is an ancient breed of cat and, as with other ancient breeds, its history is a bit clouded. Longhaired cats were in Italy in the 1500s. These cats were imported from Asia. In the 17th century, Pietro della Valle brought a cat from Persia to Italy to add to the breeding program. This cat may well have been a cat known in Persia as the Sand Cat, a cat who lived in the desert. This Sand Cat had a woolly coat, much like a steel soap pad, to protect it from the environment and permit it to live in the sand.

About a hundred years later, Nicolas de Pereisc acquired some longhaired cats. These cats came from Turkey, which is also the home to the Turkish angora, a different breed of longhaired cat. In the 19th century, the descendants of these Turkish cats were bred with some of the cats from Italy, and that was the beginning of the modern Persian. Although this breed is ancient, it is also manmade.

The popularity of the Persian was enhanced when Queen Victoria and other royals fell in love with this stunning breed. They were introduced into the United States at the end of the 19th century, where they were soon popular.

Solid Division

In the Solid Division, only the pristine whites come in three different eye colors. Some have brilliant copper or deep blue eyes, others the surprising combination of one blue and one copper eye of equal intensity. The other solid colors have brilliant copper eyes.

The coat color for all solids should be sound to the roots and free from markings or shadings. Blues, once the apex of the breed, have been interbred with other colors to produce a more uniform type. Their pale silver-blue coats are most beautiful when viewed in natural lighting. Blacks have glossy patent finishes that glisten with intensity. Pale milk-colored creams are the dilute of the deep vibrant glowing reds. Chocolates and lilacs, introduced through the combination of Persian and Himalayan, are rarely seen. The chocolate demonstrates a warm chocolate-brown color while the lilac is a warm lavender with a pinkish tone.

Silver & Golden Division

The Silver and Golden Division consists of chinchilla and shaded silvers and goldens.

The exquisite silvers are considered the most ethereal of all Persians. The chinchilla is a sparkling white cat with black tipping scattered as evenly as stardust, ever so lightly, on the face, legs, tail and body. Shadeds show a mantle of black on the back, shading evenly down the sides. The tipping on the legs and face should match and is darker than the chinchilla. Goldens are either chinchilla or shaded. Their ground color is a rich, warm cream tipped with black. Silvers and goldens have green or blue-green eyes rimmed with black, black paw pads and brick red or rose nose leather.

Shaded & Smoke Division

The Shaded and Smoke Division includes the shell and shaded cameos which have red tipping with a white undercoat. The cream shell and shaded cameos demonstrate a white undercoat tipped with cream. The shell and shaded tortoiseshells have a mantle of black tipping with well-defined patches of red tipped hairs while the shell and shaded blue-creams have blue tipping with well-defined patches of cream tipped hair.

The smoke Persian is one of the most striking patterns of the Persian colors. There are six separate colors, black, blue, cream, cameo (red), smoke tortoiseshell and blue-cream smoke. In repose, the smoke appears to be a solid color cat. In motion, the coat will break open, giving glimpses of a startling white undercoat. All should have the characteristic white ruff and ear tufts. The perfect balance of undercoat to overcoat is transitory and the perfection of color balance can usually only be seen six to eight weeks annually. Their brilliant copper eyes seem almost like burning embers within the smoke setting.

Tabby Division

The Tabbies are the extroverts of the Persian breed. They come in three patterns: classic, mackerel and patched tabby. The patched tabby may exhibit either the classic or mackerel pattern with the addition of patches of red. The classic tabby is identified by the bull’s eye markings on the side of the body while the mackerel pattern is characterized by narrow penciling encircling the body. The brilliantly contrasted markings can be as striking as an exotic jungle cat.

Often referred to as the “fun’’ cat, tabbies are outgoing and demonstrative. Their facial markings give them a zesty added appeal. Recognized colors are silver, blue silver, red, brown, blue, cream, cameo and cream cameo. There are no patched tabby patterns in red, cream and cameo. All have brilliant copper eyes except silver varieties which also may have green or hazel.

Particolor Division

The Parti-Color Division consists of the tortoiseshell, blue-cream, chocolate tortoiseshell and lilac-cream.

The tortoiseshell is a black cat dispersed with great patches of red. A dividing blaze of color on the face adds interest to this brightly colored variety. The blue-cream, a delightful study in pastel, is a solid blue cat patched with cream. The muted coloring of the blue-cream and lilac-cream are as softly lovely as the tortoiseshell and chocolate tortie are flashy. All four colors have brilliant copper eyes.

Bicolor Division

The Calico & Bi-Color Division consists of calicos, bi-colors, smoke and whites and tabby and whites. Calicos have white coats splashed with vivid patches of red and black, while the dilute calico is patched with blue and cream. The chocolate and lilac calicos have white coats splashed with vivid patches of chocolate and red or lilac and cream respectively.

A van pattern is a white cat with color confined to the head and extremities. A maximum of two spots of color are allowed on the body. Bi-colors (black, blue, red, cream, chocolate or lilac with white) commonly exhibit white on the feet, legs, undersides, chest and muzzle. All established colors and patterns of tabbies with white and smokes with white are shown in this division. All have brilliant copper eyes except for the silver tabby with white which also may have green or hazel.

Himalayan Division

The Himalayan is one of the most popular of all Persians. The Himalayan is shown in the following point colors: chocolate, seal, lilac, blue, red, cream tortie, blue-cream, chocolate-tortie, lilac-cream, seal lynx, blue lynx, red lynx, cream lynx, tortie lynx, blue-cream lynx, chocolate lynx, lilac lynx, chocolate-tortie lynx and lilac-cream lynx. Color is restricted to the facial mask and extremities with the body of various shades of white to fawn.

Himalayans were developed by breeding Persians to Siamese to combine the Siamese point coloring with Persian type. After many years of cross breeding they were approved as accepted color variations of Persians. All must have deep vivid blue eyes as eyes other than blue are a disqualification.

Keeping the Persian indoors also keeps it safe from transmission of disease and parasites, as well as the dangers of urban life. With an annual trip to a trusted veterinarian, and good nutrition and care, the Persian can live as a family member for easily 15 years, and some surpassing 20 years. Persian breeders dedicate themselves to breeding healthy cats, availing themselves of the latest in veterinary screening procedures to test for any heritable disease conditions. A well-bred Persian is a hardy and healthy cat and is not more prone to illness and respiratory infections than other breeds. However, the large eyes do mean that a certain amount of tearing is normal, and a daily face wash is recommended.

Usually breeders make kittens available between twelve and sixteen weeks of age. After twelve weeks, kittens have had their basic inoculations and developed the physical and social stability needed for a new environment, showing, or being transported by air.

Archangel

2013-05-29T00:44:00.002-07:00

Archangel

Conservation Status

Common

Country of origin

Dalmatia or Illyria

Classification
US Breed Group	Fancy pigeons
EE Breed Group	Colour pigeons (D/402)

Traits

Pigeon (Columba livia)

The Archangel is a breed of fancy pigeon, notable for the metallic sheen of its feathers. Archangels, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants from the Rock Pigeon (Columba livia). It is kept as an ornamental or fancy breed, valued for its unusual appearance. Archangels are small, weighing about 12 oz. They have unfeathered legs and dark orange eyes. They may or may not be crested. The body of the bird is bronze or gold with wings that are either black, white, or blue.

This breed is also known as the Gimpel, which is German for European Bullfinch. The United States is the only country in which all color forms are referred to as "Archangels", in Great Britain only the Black and Copper colored birds are called Archangels, this is because the Black and Copper color type was created in Great Britain.

The Archangel is known as Gimpeltaube in Germany, most color types were refined in Germany. This is a very old breed, the most likely place origin is Dalmatia / Illyria. Breeders maintain consistency within the breed by following the breed standard.

Standard

· Element Characteristics:

· Head: Lightly curved, longish and narrow with a fairly flat frontal. The crest develops from the back of the shoulders and runs up to the apex, and here developing into a sharp conical point upon the head. The feathers from both sides of the shoulders converge together into a ridge or niche which runs up the back of the neck to form the crest.

· Eyes: Very vivid, the iris is dark orange in color and is surrounded by a very slightly developed cere which is light pink to flesh in coloration.

· Beak: Long thin and straight, the upper beak being slightly curved at the tip. The color the beak is light horn which becomes darker close to the tip.

· Neck: Fairly long and comparatively thin. The throat is well rounded out.

· Breast: Moderately wide and slightly pronounced.

· Back: Sloping down and blending well into the tail.

· Wings: Moderately long, tightly closed and lying nicely upon the tail without crossing. The tips should not extend to the end of the tail.

· Tail: Long and narrow, tightly closed, being slightly longer than the flights. The tail must not be carried too low as to touch the ground.

English Trumpeter

2013-05-28T23:43:00.000-07:00

English Trumpeter

Conservation Status

Common

Country of origin

England

Classification
Australian Breed Group	Asian feather and voice pigeons
US Breed Group	Fancy pigeons
EE Breed Group	Trumpeter pigeons

Traits

Notes

While this breed originated in England it has been much altered by fanciers in the US.

Pigeon (Columba livia)

The English Trumpeter is a breed of fancy pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding. English Trumpeters, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants from the Rock Pigeon (Columba livia). This is one of the most popular breeds in the USA. The English Trumpeter is regarded as one of the most ornamental breeds of fancy pigeon. Combining a tuft, crest and large muffs on their feet, they are challenging to breed. They are bred in a number of colours which are listed under self, splash and baldhead.

Origin

The name is misleading, as this breed as known today is an American creation.

References

1. Levi, Wendell (1977). The Pigeon. Sumter, S.C.: Levi Publishing Co, Inc. ISBN 0-85390-013-2.

2. Seymour, Rev. Colin (Ed)(2006) Australian Fancy Pigeons National Book of Standards.

Lahore Pigeon

2013-05-28T23:37:00.002-07:00

Lahore Pigeon

Conservation Status

Common

Country of origin

Pakistan

Classification
US Breed Group	Fancy
EE Breed Group	Form Pigeons

Traits

Pigeon (Columba livia)

Origin

For a very long time this bird was bred in the present area of Lahore, Pakistan. It was imported into Germany around 1880 and became popular among pigeon enthusiasts at the beginning of the 1960s. They are usually found in the area of Iran (Shiraz) and are some of the most colorful pigeons. These ornamental pigeons from ancient Persia were once bred for their meat, but today they are raised for their beautiful plumage and colorful patterns. Their calm and gentle natures also make them delightfully tame pets.

Appearance

The Lahore is large for a pigeon, approximately 10.5 inches tall and 11.5 long. From shoulder to shoulder, it measures 5.5 inches. Its markings are also unusual: the base color is white, with a secondary color beginning at the juncture of beak and wattle and spreading in an arc over the eyes and across the back and wings. The rump and tail are to be white, though in pigeon shows the majority of attention is paid to the quality of the head, neck, and wing markings.

The neck should be heavily feathered and should lead to a full, broad chest. Cheeks should be plump, and the beak should be "broad and stout and rather blunt at the tip." Feet and legs are feathered so that the bird appears to be wearing thick stockings.

Lahore are bred in many different colors, including Blue-bar, Checkered, Red, Blue, Brown, and Black.

Behavior

The Lahore is generally a very gentle and shy pigeon, they are good natured and can be tamed quickly (if not tame by nature).

Jacobin Pigeon

2013-05-28T23:28:00.001-07:00

Jacobin Pigeon

Breed: Jacobin pigeon
Temperament: self contained
Cost: From $50 to $200 each
Lifespan: 10 years
Recommended for: enthusiasts

History

Jacobin pigeons were named after the Jacobin order of monks who date from 1100 and were known for their distinctive hooded habits. According to the Oxford Dictionary, the Jacobins were Dominican friars so-called after the nearby church of St Jacques in Paris. (Jacobean refers to the reign of James I.)

According to breeders, the Jacobin pigeon was developed from a mutation known as early as the 1500's. It went through four major stages of development to reach the bird of today.

Appearance

The Jacobin is a medium sized pigeon, not as robust as a racing pigeon, quite slender and tall.

It is characterised by a distinctive muff or cowl of feathers which forms a rosette on both sides of the pigeon's head. This is made up of a mane at the back of the head, the hood over the top and a "cravat" of two lines of feather running down the front of the chest. From the mane to cravat across the line of the eye the hood measures 5-6 inches. It stands a couple of inches above the head.

There is currently a trend towards breeding Jacobins with longer necks which then hold the hood off the shoulders. This is said to better display the hood. The breeder interviewed for our segment, Mr Darcy Cook, says there is a problem, however, in that the birds with the best feather quality also appeared to be those which were heavily shouldered.

There is no feathering around the feet. Apart from the hood, the birds are slender and sleek. The Jacobin in Australia comes in black, white, red and yellow.

Temperament

Some breeders describe the Jacobin as a pugnacious bird, others prefer to describe them as being 'individualist' and recommend separate breeding boxes for each pair. This is because when paired for breeding, cocks can and will take over a cage floor as their territory and could prevent other birds from feeding.

Health and lifespan

As long as they don't rely on their natural parent to rear them, Jacobins aren't prone to any special diseases. Mr Cook recommends routine treatment for canker once or twice yearly for adults and at five days for babies. They can suffer from chronic respiratory disease (CRD) but affected birds are very obvious by their heavy breathing and require specialist attention.

Jacobin hens won't usually lay after six years of age and cocks fail to fill eggs around that time. Most serious breeders clear out their lofts of birds over four years of age, although they can live for 10 - 11 years.

Feeding

A 25 kg bag of pigeon mix costs around $13.50 and Mr Cook estimates that each pigeon would eat enough to fill two matchboxes daily.

Breeding

Jacobins will be mated up around the end of July; it is around this time that breeders will cut the hood feathers and trim feathers around the vent to allow more efficient mating. The hood is so large that it can interfere with mating.

Once mated, Jacobin hens will lay an egg, wait a day, lay another egg and 17 days later hopefully hatch two chicks. Foster parents such as homers are usually used to hatch and raise Jacobin chicks as the Jacobin has been so developed that the beak is short and they have trouble feeding them.

The situation with the shape of the head is such that Jacobin hens may not even know if one of their eggs has slipped out under her as she couldn't see in front. Homers can see and would immediately scratch the egg back under.

Jacobins will be allowed to lay three batches of eggs during the season, each batch usually consisting of two eggs.

Cost

Jacobins cost from $50 to $200 each. The first Jacobins to be allowed into Australia since 1949 arrived in 1991. These cost an estimated $800 per bird to import and were all reds and yellows.

Housepet potential

Jacobins are not considered a housepet. They area breed for the fancy pigeon enthusiast, not for the beginner due to the fact that fostering is required.

Space and maintenance

Mr Cook allows 1.2m x 1.8m x 1.8m (4ft x 6ft x 6ft) for three pairs. Many breeders use sand on the floor, not sawdust which will blow around, and recommend cleaning the loft thoroughly fortnightly. Food needs to be fresh daily.

Frillback

2013-05-28T21:07:00.000-07:00

Frillback

The Frillback pigeon has never been as beautiful as it is today. The bird with the permanent curl, loved by pigeon fanciers all over the world, has made great strides of progress in its curl feather development from its frizzlet look some 150 or more years ago. When looking back, it's hard to visualize the input of knowledge of breeders to accomplish the development of a Frillback of such perfection as we see it today.

The origin of the Frillback is believed to have come from Asia or the southeast of Europe. As with many other ancient fancy breeds, the exact origin cannot always be certain.

Please note the picture of Frillbacks taken from the German Pruetz book in the 1800s. Top bird on shelf, a bluegrizzle, also note that this bird was completely clean legged in that time era. Below is a red grizzle, which displays the shell crest and stocking legs. It was also at that time, the Frillbacks the shell crest and stocking legs. It was also at that time the Frillbacks were already being bred in Germany as well in England. The Frillback also went by a variety of names at that time, such as the lock or curly pigeon, the frizzle pigeon, the pearly or woolen pigeon. Also it was said that some four variations existed (or types), the Hungarian or Austrian Frillback and the French or Dutch Frillback.

The wing shield feathers differ in shape from that of the wing shield feather of normal pigeons (or say all other pigeons) in that other pigeon shield feathers are rounded and that (the Frillback, all wing shield feather are with a pointed ending and longish the longer, the better the curl or frill will be. It was also said that the, Hungarian and Austrian types had the most pointed and longer feather which made for a thicker curl. .It therefore is my belief that the picture by Pruetz, displays the French and Dutch type Frillback, showing it lesser development of frill.

The above mentioned types of thx time appeared in plainheads or crested of all colors. Grizzles and pure white were the most seen but also the shield or saddle marked had already been developed and mainly seen in red! Legs were either clean legged stockings or muffed.

The picture by Oertel and Spoerei Reutlingen West Germany shows you the Frillbacks of today. Top left black, blue grizzle, yellow grizzle, red grizzle, top right, a white crested.

According with today's Standard c Frillbacks in Germany, it is the white variety that is allowed to come either plain headed or shell crested and oni the white shell crested to have medium muff. The white plain heade calls for stockings. Also that a colored varieties should be plain headed and stockings (no muff development).With great enjoyment and muc" honor, 1 have passed judgement on th Frillback pigeon here in the USA fo more than 1 5 years at some o America's leading shows. 1 myself hav shipped Frillbacks from Germany in 1961 to fanciers in America. These birds came from the well known German Frillback breeder, Stepfan Kellermani from Bobingen, Germany. 1 mad, many trips to Mr. Kellermann's lofts ii the 60s and we would sit in th, backyard watching and talking Frillbacks and sipping on a glass of his special homemade wine. Not only did we become good friends, but for me, i was a first class introduction to Frillback knowledge.

In judging and in observing tho development of the Frillback pigeon in America, it would be safe to say tha the quality of the Frillback in America.. Is the finest to be found anywhere American fanciers such as Tom Me Caig and perhaps others should always! be remembered for the great achieve, merit that they have made in the develop, merit of Frillback quality to its highest regard.

The American Standard for Frillbacks, as laid out and adopted by the Central Frillback Club is a most unified and complete Standard to be found on the Frillback. This Standard does not only describe the breed itself, but will aid you in so many ways. May it be that of care or show preparations, also some breeding skills are pointed out, which matings to make or which not to make, etc. All of this can be so very important to any fancier that wishes to breed and exhibit Frillbacks. Just to think of the years back in Europe, only the rich and very wealthy could afford to house fancy pigeons, such as the Frillbacks, etc. Today everyone can afford them and of a quality never seen in the old days. The Frillbacks is truly an exhibition breed and deserves its place in the show room. Showing them off to the public, washing away the dirty pigeon image in the eye of the public.

Frillbacks have always reminded me of a strawberry pie with lots of whip- ping cream on top, truly delightful, fancy and of an unusual good taste.

At our last Grand National held in Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1 had the pleasure of judging some 50 beautiful Frillbacks of the Central Frillback Club. Meric Wood, another great breeder of fine Frillbacks, heads this club. Another gentleman in the Frillback world is Jim Armstrong. Jirn features an outstanding monthly column in this APJ called the Frillback Frillies. Many other fanciers have joined the ranks of the Central Frillback Club, names that are still rather new to me, but Frillback quality seems to be apparent in the hands of all of these fanciers. 1 personally would like to thank Merle Wood and the entire Central Frillback Club, also the National Pigeon Assn.

For combined, they have made it possible in honoring me with the judge's certification, again my sincere.

thanks goes out to all of you!in my closing 1 would like to congratulate the

Central Frillback Club and all breeders of the Frillback pigeon for having

taken up with the Frizzle and with their combined efforts have made the

Frillback a most beautiful pigeon of all fancy pigeons. May your efforts

continue and fill the show rooms with the fancy curls of the Frillies!

Fantail Pigeons

2013-05-28T20:59:00.001-07:00

Fantail Pigeons

Of the over 800 historical breeds descended from the rock dove The fantail pigeon is among the most ancient, and considered the original “fancy pigeon”. While the exact origins are unknown the breed is described in Spain as early as 1150 AD. Fantails can be bred with many color variations, but all possess the regal tail held upright much like miniature peacocks of the pigeon world.

Our fantails are a cross between American Fantails and Indian Fantails. Indian fantails date as far back as 1560 AD. The key differences between the two types are in ornamentation and display. Indian fantails have a much fancier tail, which after developing becomes “bristled” as the feather filaments separate, yielding a mesh like pattern towards the tips. Indian fantails have feathered feet and a raised crest at the back of the head. American fantails lack the crest and can have feathered or non-feathered feet. American fantails have solid tails with full filaments out to the tips. American fantails display in a very awkward posture with the head brought back to touch the tail and the chest puffed out and upward while on tip toes. Indian fantails stand flat-footed with the head held in parallel to the tail, giving a much more natural pose.
Our fantails possess a mix of body traits from both breeds, but all display in an Indian style. The males dancing can become quite elaborate, with marching back and forth puffing up the neck and holding the wings at full span and perpendicular to the ground, alternating with the wings held tight against the body and bobbing the head up and down with the throat remaining inflated.
If tamed in a more hands on manner than Diamond Doves, any pigeon breed can become a great pet, very devoted and loving. Pigeons can also be trained to fly to the hand and perch on the shoulder, as well as to fly on command. Bonding with the bird is important to proceed in similar fashion as with Diamond doves. However when handling a pigeon, considering the size, it cannot be simply perched on the hand. An excellent way to begin handling a pigeon is to hold the feet with one hand toward the tail, and cradle the bird with the other arm providing a posture in which the bird is laying down in your arms. By holding the feet the bird will not readily try to escape, and if the lap is used as the cradle you can even pet the bird and begin a more assertive approach to showing the bird you mean it no harm. After the bird is calm one can allow it to perch in the palm of the hand, but this should be implemented after a long handling period of several weeks. Eventually the pigeon can be allowed to fly freely in the home, and a good way to train the bird is to use the cage with “freedom” positive re-enforcement. When a behavior is not desired, cage the bird. In this way the bird will associate desired behaviors with being able to be in larger spaces, or “freedom”.
Fantail pigeons kept as pets do not require a great deal of space, however when given large areas to live in the displays presented will be more grand. A pet pigeon can be housed in a cage without fear of injury given their size. The minimum sized cage should be 30 by 30 by 30 inches, to allow the bird to be able to flap it’s wings at full span. The same minimum requirements must be provided, two perches, food dishes, cuttlebone, and preferably litter rather than paper. Pigeons make a mess when eating, and thrash food about. Hooded food dishes can help contain the spread of seeds. Pigeons are grain eaters, and safflower, millet, wheat, and even corn can be fed to them. Avoid a narrow diet of seeds. Experimenting with many blends may be needed over the course of several months to find your birds’ best taste.
Pigeons love to bathe, and require a large shallow dish to bathe in. Like Ringneck doves the dish should be provided at least once a week, and removed to keep from fowling the living environment. A deep water dish is needed for drinking, as like all doves and pigeons fantails submerge the head to drink.
A pet pigeon should be considered with a great deal of investment, as they can live as long as 40 years with excellent care, and average 20 years in life span.

English Pouter

2013-05-28T20:39:00.003-07:00

English Pouter

This breed is create in England, in the mid 19th century has been imported into Germany. This is the largest face of high pouters’ pigeons, which should be evaluated in terms of complete harmony of all parts of the body. The stance should be so upright that the eye to the tip of the middle toe to spend a vertical line. The breed is very vital.

Features:
Head:

Compared to the size of pigeons, it is a small, smooth, rounded with a high proportion forehead. Eyes: the iris is orange, with white - dark. The eye ring is closely, the color depends on the color of the feathers.

Beak:

Long, very strong, small nose, smooth, in black and gray - dark, with other colors - light possible.

Neck:

The possible longer. In throat swollen state is spherical in the upper part down to the chest narrows and well separated from them, from neck to shoulder forming a gentle arc.

Chest:

Part of the neck to the hips called the waist should be long, sternum stands slightly from the waist.

Abdomen:

Long and narrow. Back: Long, narrow, straight tail forming a line between the shoulders slightly sunken, sharp drop. Wings: long, narrow and very tightly closed, the edges of the wings should not be crossed.

Tail:

As narrow as possible and harvested, the feathers strong and broad but not very long. The end of the tail should not touch the ground.

Feet:

Straight, long and standing close to each other. The heels should be very small, so that is directed backwards and inwards, that the tops of the inner toes are touching on proper posture. Hips of the body to the knees are bent slightly forward (punished very severely protruding hips). Hips and legs are covered with small white feathers. They must cling so tightly to ("to wrap") that in view of the front and side do not see anywhere the red color of the legs. Your toes should be covered so narrow - to 5 cm long feathers that form a bowl.

Feathers:

Straight, tightly highlighting the rigidity and elegance of the body. Breeds colors colored white, colors: black, blue, red, yellow, pale blue, pale brown, pale red and pale yellow color and pattern: pure colors are desired. For those with colored bottom of the waist, abdomen, wings and legs are white. Over the middle of the neck passes from eye to eye a white line in the form of a crescent so-called "heart." Crescent must not go over the ears (a rear tread prevents and hinders the breeding of pigeons with pure color of the iris). Near the shoulder joint of the wing is called "Krylov Rose", which is formed separately from the underlying white feathers - possibly 5-12 (pattern of the heart and rarely rose Krylov and accurate assessment is of secondary importance). Colored breasts should stand out from the white belly in the most direct line. The pigeons in black, blue and pale blue color tail color. For other color is bright or white.

Mistake:

Coarse, rude, clumsy body, too short front, low, wide, bent at the knees, straddled or too narrow stand that hinders freedom of movement, insufficient upright, clumsy gait, sparse plumage of the legs and toes , poor formation of goiter, hanging belly, another color of the tail.

Amazon

2013-05-28T03:24:00.001-07:00

Amazon

Someone once said (we're not sure who) that, "If African Greys are the college intellectuals, then Amazons are the class clowns!" We completely agree.

Amazons can vary between species, though, when it comes to talking and singing abilities. Some are good family pets while others are mostly one-person birds and may even attack other family members. Many Amazons can also go from cuddly and quiet to aggressive and loud in an instant. They are best suited for more experienced bird owners because of this unpredictable behavior.

Some species are more outgoing while others tend to be shy. Most Amazons are loud in the mornings and evenings, but some are more vocal than others. Because of this, they are not suited for apartment living.

Amazons also have great body language, so it is not difficult to tell when they are agitated. When an Amazon is spreading his tail feathers, dilating his eyes, and raising the feathers on the back of his neck, you need to steer clear or he may bite you.

Amazons are great talkers and some can sing entire songs and even opera! The tone and clarity of their voices are excellent. However, some species may only learn a few words and mimic sounds. Amazon parrots also make a sound when they are happy or content that some people relate to a cat purring. This is a good sound.

If you are an experienced bird owner and can handle the loud vocal ability of the Amazon, then this talented parrot might be the right pet bird for you.

Fast Facts
Name	Amazon Parrots (Amazona)
Origin	Latin America
Size	9-18 in., 250-700 grams, depending on subspecies
Color Differences	All have a base green color while their head colors can vary between red, yellow, green, blue, white, and lilac.
Average Cost	$600-1500
Lifespan	up to 50 years or more
Noise	Amazons have a loud vocal ability and most are very loud. Amazons are most well suited for living in a house instead of an apartment.
Qualities	Independent, loyal, talkative, not shy, enjoy showing off, love being the center of attention, playful, enjoy human companionship, tend to cuddle only on their terms, some can be strong-willed and unpredictable (especially during breeding season), many become aggressive and bite during breeding season, very loud voices, prone to obesity.
Abilities	Excellent - Most are great talkers and singers, good at mimicking sounds, and easy to train.
Interaction/Time Requirements	Some species of Amazons need more human interaction than others--these are rather independent birds. However, the time requirement depends on the subspecies.
Diet	Amazons are prone to obesity, so a good diet for large parrots and lots of exercise are a necessity. Seeds should be fed in moderation because they contain a lot of fat. Amazons are also prone to Vitamin A deficiencies, so foods high in Vitamin A are good.
Supplies Needed	They need supplies for large birds.

Cockatoo Species

2013-05-28T03:09:00.005-07:00

Cockatoo Species

These birds want your attention 24/7 and can cuddle with you for hours. They don't understand that you have a life and you'll most likely never get them to understand that. If you don't meet your bird's needs, he will most likely scream non-stop, pluck out his feathers, and become very aggressive. Feather plucking is a very serious condition--birds that begin to feather pluck can also start self mutilating.

These behavioral problems can come about from lack of interaction, wrong foods, bad placement, improper cages and many other factors. This is why they are the most common parrots found at bird rescues. So keep in mind that these birds require a very high time and care commitment.

You will also find that 'Toos are very loud. They love to scream and Moluccans can scream up to 135 decibels. Some will scream for attention and some will scream for no reason at all. They like to perform and show off, which can include screaming early in the morning as well as in the evening.

They can also be aggressive for no apparent reason. Because of this, you should never let your 'Too on your shoulder or dominant aggressive behavior may begin.

They are very smart, curious, and mischevious. They are expert escape artists and can open almost any cage door. You need to put locks on your bird's cage doors, but keep in mind that many can learn to pick a padlock or open a combination lock. They also love to chew and will destroy your home if left unattended.

While purchasing a cage, keep in mind that they not only need large cages, but also very well built cages. It's not difficult for a 'Too to learn how to take apart a poorly built cage.

They also differ by subspecies when it comes to behavior. For example, Goffin's are a bit more independent than the other subspecies, so they make better pets for the average bird owner. So, make sure you research the individual subspecies for more information.

If you are able to spend at least two full hours a day with your bird (out of his cage), not leave the house for 6 or more hours everyday, cook for your bird and provide him with a variety of healthy foods, handle the loud screaming, afford the large cage and huge amount of toys, and deal with the adjustment stage that can include aggression, then rescuing a 'Too might be a great idea. Make sure you research as much as possible because you don't want to add to the already out-of-hand rescue problem.

Because so many of these birds are left to rescues, I highly encourage you to visit your local parrot rescue, see what I'm talking about, and consider rescuing one of these poor magestic creatures instead of buying one in a store. If you can handle all this, then this really might be the right bird for you.

Fast Facts
Name	Cockatoo (Cacatua), or 'Too
Origin	Australia, Indonesia, New Guinea, the Philippines, and the Solomon Islands
Size	12-24 in., depending on subspecies
Color Differences	They are normally either black or white with different colored and types of crests. Except for the Rose-Breasted which are a soft pink and gray color.
Average Cost	$800-4,000+
Lifespan	up to 60 years or more
Noise	Very loud--They love to scream and if they are not getting the attention they want, they can scream for hours.
Living Arrangements	Because they are very loud (Moluccans can scream up to 135 decibels!), they are best suited for living in a house.
Qualities	Cuddly, loving, needy, can become neurotic, prone to behavior problems, love to chew and destroy things, love to scream, demanding, sensitive, can become aggressive, mischevious, curious, escape artists, love being on the floor (so be careful!), some can become one-person birds, love to snuggle, prone to jealousy (of other birds and children).
Abilities	Good--They can learn to talk, but most only learn a few words or phrases. You can train them, but they would most likely prefer to just cuddle with you.
Interaction/Time Requirements	Very high--They love their owners and want attention 24/7. You need to be prepared to spend at least 2 hours a day with your bird to give him the time and attention he needs.
Diet	Small-sized need a large parrot diet and large-sized need an x-large parrot diet.
Supplies Needed	Small-sized need supplies for large parrots and large-sized need supplies for x-large parrots.

Alexandrine

2013-05-28T02:13:00.002-07:00

Alexandrine

They are known as the "gentle birds with large beaks." Not only are they beautiful, they were also considered prized possessions for royalty in Europe. They are playful, energetic, independent, and can also become very good mimics.

Alexandrine parrots are not as cuddly as a Cockatoo, but they are very intelligent and interactive. They do need to be well socialized or they may become aggressive and one-person birds. And even though they are more independent than some other species of birds, they do require a lot of time and interaction. Like many parrots, Alexandrines are prone to feather plucking and aggression if not given the proper amount of attention.

Alexandrines also love to chew and play in water. Their favorite chew toy is wood and they love to take baths. So, you may need to plan on replacing toys often and making sure your Alexandrine doesn't chew your furniture.

Alexandrines aren't best for absolute beginners, but they do make great pets for experienced and not-so-experienced bird owners alike. If you are looking for a bird that is a step up from a small Parakeet or Cockatiel, but not as loud or big as an Amazon or African Grey, then this might be the right bird for you. Just remember that as with any parrot, Alexandrines do require a lot of time and commitment.

Fast Facts
Name	Alexandrine Parrot (Psittacula eupatria), Alexandrine Parakeet
Origin	India
Size	23 in., 230 grams
Color Differences	The Alexandrine Parrot is often confused with other types of Ringnecks. The main differences are that Alexandrines are mostly green, have larger beaks, have maroon patches on their wings, red beaks with yellow tips, and the adult males and females are different in that males have pitch black rings on their necks with pink bands on their napes, while the female's rings are more grey. There are some mutations rarely available such as the lutino, blue, and white Alexandrines.
Average Cost	$200-600
Lifespan	30 years
Noise	Moderate - They can be loud, like any parrot, but are quieter than some of the other Ringneck species.
Living Arrangements	Alexandrines may be quiet enough to live in an apartment with you, but they are probably better kept in a house.
Qualities	Gentle, independent, not very cuddly, lovable, intelligent, playful, energetic, very interactive, love to chew, love to take baths and play in water, can become aggressive, can become one person birds if not well socialized.
Abilities	Great - They can be very good mimics.
Interaction/Time Requirements	Alexandrines are quite independent, but they do need to be let out of their cage at least once a day for play time and socialization. They should be socialized with multiple people on a regular basis or they can become a one-person bird.
Diet	They need a diet for medium birds.
Supplies Needed	They need supplies for medium birds.

Macaw Species

2013-05-28T02:07:00.002-07:00

Macaw Species

These birds are very intelligent and can learn to talk and learn tricks very easily. You can teach them to wave, play dead, dance, and even somersault. They also love to chew, so you will need to provide them with a lot of toys.

Many bird owners are intimidated by the larger species' strong wills and large beaks. Their beaks are very strong--one bite can lead you to the emergency room. These birds are not good for first-time bird owners. You need to be very experienced with birds in order to keep one of these, somewhat difficult, creatures.

You need to establish stiff boundaries with the larger species right when you bring this bird home. Otherwise, they will learn to scream, bite, or manipulate you in order to suit their needs. These are not meant to be shoulder birds--never let your large Macaw sit on your shoulder! They can become very dominantly aggressive and you do not want those strong beaks so close to your face.

The smaller species are a bit easier to handle, but they still like to challenge you and keep you on your toes.

If you are an experienced bird owner and are prepared to handle bites from large beaks, sometimes replacing toys every week, spending a lot of time with your bird, training your bird to keep his mind active, and spending a lot of time setting clear boundaries, then these might be the right birds for you.

Fast Facts
Name	Macaw (Ara)
Origin	Central and South America
Size	12-36 in., depending on subspecies
Color Differences	They can range in color, from green, to red and green, red and yellow, blue, and blue and gold.
Average Cost	$900-4,000+
Lifespan	50 years on average
Noise	Loud--some can scream as loud as 105 decibels.
Living Arrangements	Because of their vocal abilities, size, and the size needed for their cages and other accessories, these birds are best kept in a house.
Qualities	Intelligence of a 3-8 year old child, emotional range of a 2 year old child, may throw tantrums to get attention, great sense of humor, can tease you and other members of your family (including other pets), require a lot of attention, can be very demanding, need to be kept busy with attention, toys, and training, love to chew, love showers, some species are good family birds, some are prone to becoming one-person birds, some are described as clownish, energetic, playful, like to roughhouse, some can be nippy and aggressive, some love to cuddle.
Abilities	Excellent--they can learn to talk and learn tricks.
Interaction/Time Requirements	High--These birds do need a lot of attention and will scream and become very aggressive if they don't get the attention and time from you that they need.
Diet	Mini species need a diet for large birds and large species need a diet for x-large birds.
Supplies Needed	Mini species need supplies for large birds and large species need supplies for x-large birds.

Pionus

2013-05-28T01:57:00.004-07:00

Pionus

Pionus look like small Amazons and they both have similar traits. Pionus tend to be quieter and not as agressive as Amazons. However, male Pionus still tend to be more aggressive than females, especially during breeding season. Pionus also tend to bond to a whole family rather than just one person like the Amazon.

Pionus are also capable of talking, though they don't usually have a wide vocabulary. Their voices are soft and a bit raspy, but if you listen closely, they can be enjoyable communicators. Pionus are also rather quiet, so they make a good pet if you are living in an apartment but wish to have a larger pet bird.

Pionus also don't crave attention. They do need daily interaction, but they are independent enough to be happy playing on their own as well. These are great companion parrots that should not be overlooked!

Fast Facts
Name	Pionus (Pionus), Blue-Headed Pionus (P. menstruus), Bronze-Winged Pionus (P. chalcopterus), Dusky Pionus (P. fuscus), Maximilian's Pionus (P. maximiliani), White-Capped Pionus (P. senilis)
Origin	Central and South America
Size	9-13", 200-280 grams
Color Differences	Most Pionus are predominantly dark green with a range of brighter colors on their head and wings. Some subspecies are dark blue and bronze in color.
Owner	Pionus are good for first-time owners.
Average Cost	$200-900
Lifespan	35+ years
Noise	Pionus are quieter than Amazons and therefore make a good pet for someone living in an apartment that wants a larger bird.
Qualities	Quieter and less aggressive than Amazons, males tend to be more aggressive than females (especially during breeding season), good family pet, tend to bond with the whole family, capable of learning a small vocabulary, have soft, raspy voices, friendly, outgoing, some are shy and nippy, not overly demanding, make a wheezing sound when frightened, may make a growling sound when they feel threatened, love to bathe daily, can be high strung and a bit nervous, good pet for a home with children.
Abilities	Good - Pionus are capable of talking, but their vocabulary isn't as good as the Amazons.
Interaction/Time Requirements	Pionus need daily interaction, but are also independent enough to play on their own.
Diet	They need a diet for medium birds and are prone to obesity, so a proper diet is a must.
Supplies Needed	They need supplies for medium birds.

Caique

2013-05-28T01:50:00.004-07:00

Caique

They are not great for first-time bird owners, but they will always keep you entertained. They enjoy playing on their backs, hopping around the house, and just being comical. They are mischevious, stubborn, and need clear boundaries or they may become nippy.

They aren't good talkers, but they like to learn tricks and most will be friendly with everyone in the family. They can be noisy, so they are best kept in a house. Because of their strong personalities, it's best to make sure you get a hand-fed and properly socialized baby.

If you live in a house and are prepared to care for a medium parrot with a strong personality (and put up with some bites here or there), then you just might be the right owner for one of these energetic bundles of fun.

Fast Facts
Name	Caique (Pionites)
Origin	Amazon Basin
Size	9", 170-200 grams
Color Differences	There are two species of these birds and the most notable difference is that the top of the Black-Headed's head is black while the White-Bellied's is yellow.
Owner	Need a more experienced bird owner because they can become nippy if not taught correct boundaries.
Average Cost	$400-800
Lifespan	Up to 25 years
Noise	Moderate--They can be noisy at times, so they are more suited living in a house.
Qualities	High energy, big appetite, vocal, love to chew, like to roll around with toys, tendency to skip and hop around, like to learn tricks, good at mimicking sounds, can be noisy, get into mischief, can become nippy, active, comical, playful, can be very stubborn, fearless, intelligent, most will be friendly with everyone in the family, some may become one-person birds, like to bathe.
Abilities	Good--Some can learn to talk a limited amount (with small voices!), but all are good at learning tricks.
Interaction/Time Requirements	They should be handled daily in order to keep them socialized and from becoming nippy.
Diet	They need a diet for medium birds.
Supplies Needed	They need supplies for medium birds.

Small Parakeets

2013-05-28T01:00:00.003-07:00

Small Parakeets

Because the term is so general, it refers to a wide range of birds with different sizes, looks, and personalities. One of the best known in the U.S. is the Budgerigar (Budgie). The different types of these pet birds are so different from each other that it is difficult to describe them as a group.

Below are the most popular types. Read more about each of the species to see for yourself how different they are!

Fast Facts
Name	Depends on species
Origin	Depends on species
Size	7-23", depending on species
Owner	Good for first-time bird owners.
Average Cost	$10-500, depending on species
Lifespan	8-40 years, depending on species
Noise	Some species are good for apartment living while others are noisy enough to require living in a house.
Abilities	There is a wide range in talking ability between the species. Male Budgies are great talkers, while a talking Rosella is rare. So, the abilities depend on the species.
Diet	Small species need a diet for small birds and large species need a diet for medium birds.
Supplies Needed	Small species need supplies for small birds and large species need supplies for medium birds. It's also important to keep in mind that depending on the species, many of the larger species should be kept in an aviary so they are able to fly freely.

Love Birds

2013-05-28T00:55:00.002-07:00

Love Birds

These birds are great pets for older children but may be a bit too nippy for younger children.

They are quiet birds, so they can live in an apartment with you. They can also be friendly with all members of your family if they are hand-fed and socialized from a young age. They can become nippy as they mature if they are not properly or consistently handled. They need to be kept singly or they will bond with each other rather than you.

The most popular types kept as pets are the Fischer's, Masked, and Peach-Faced. Make sure you buy a young bird rather than an older one because they are easier to tame from a young age. You can tell that one is younger by the amount of black on his beak--the more black, the more young (this may be different with different color mutations). The black normally disappears when they are 4 months old.

If you are able to provide your bird with adaquate care and love, then this might be the perfect bird for you.

Fast Facts
Name	Lovebird (Agapornis)
Origin	Africa and Madagascar
Size	4-7 in., 50 grams
Color Differences	There are a lot of different color varieties to choose from.
Average Cost	$75-200
Lifespan	up to 20 years
Noise	Quiet--they are able to live in an apartment with you.
Qualities	Need to be well socialized with members of your family, need to be kept singly, can become nippy, males are less temperamental than the females, curious, very energetic, playful, love to go inside things (so a hanging bed or hut should be provided unless it causes aggression), great first-time birds.
Abilities	Low--most don't learn to talk, but they are able to be trained.
Interaction/Time Requirements	They need daily handling in order to be well socialized and less nippy.
Diet	They need a diet for small birds.
Supplies Needed	They need supplies for small birds.

Cockatiels

2013-05-28T00:50:00.003-07:00

Cockatiels

Cockatiels are sweet, personable, easy to care for, intelligent, fun, and all around great family pets. They are great whistlers and the males can actually learn how to talk. They are easy to train and are quiet enough for apartment living. They can be very cuddly and are also independent and undemanding.

These birds come in a variety of colors and mutations, so there are a lot to choose from. Many become well bonded with their owners--I've known some that would follow you around like a puppy. What a loyal companion!

You really can't go wrong with a wonderful bird like this. They are great for first-time bird owners and even families with small children. They can be a little nippy, but with some good training and a little TLC, you can have yourself a wonderful little feathery friend.

Fast Facts
Name	Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) or "tiels"
Origin	Australia
Size	12" (30 cm), 75-125 grams
Color Differences	In the wild, they are gray with yellow heads and orange cheek patches. However, there are many color mutations that breeders have created including lutino, albino, pied, and cinnamon. Some mutations now available combine these mutations as well.
Owner	Good for first-time bird owners.
Average Cost	$50-150
Lifespan	Approximately 35 years
Noise	They are not very noisy, so they are a good choice if you live in an apartment.
Qualities	Friendly, quiet, adaptable, easily trained, undemanding, playful, inquisitive, outgoing, delightful personalities, great family pets, may pick a favorite person, but are not one-person birds, intelligent, entertaining, most love head scratches, males are more vocal than females, can be nippy, cuddly, can learn tricks, good at whistling, clean, gentle.
Abilities	Good - They are good at imitating sounds (especially whistles) and some have learned how to whistle entire songs. Males are more vocal than females and some males do learn to talk well.
Interaction/Time Requirements	They do like a lot of attention and most love getting their head scratched. However, they are also very independent and do well on their own when necessary.
Diet	They need a diet for small birds.
Supplies Needed	They need supplies for small birds.

French Bulldog

2013-05-28T00:41:00.001-07:00

French Bulldog

The Frenchie shares many of the traits that made its bulldog ancestors so successful in the bull-baiting arena: low center of gravity, wide body, heavy bone, muscular build and large, square head. It has soft loose skin forming wrinkles about the head and shoulders. Unlike the bulldog, it has an alert, curious expression, which is aided by its bar ears. Also, unlike the bulldog, its movement is unrestrained and free, with reach and drive. It is a hardy, entertaining home companion and a solid lap dog.

The French bulldog is a clown in a lap dog. It enjoys playing and entertaining its family, as well as cuddling and snoozing with its favorite person. It is amiable, sweet, companionable and willing to please.

AKC RANKING:

FAMILY:

companion, mastiff (bulldog)

AREA OF ORIGIN:

France

DATE OF ORIGIN:

1800s

ORIGINAL FUNCTION:

lap dog

TODAY'S FUNCTION:

companion

AVERAGE SIZE OF MALE:

Height: 11-13 Weight: <28

AVERAGE SIZE OF FEMALE:

Height: 11-13 Weight: <28

OTHER NAME:

bouledogue Francais

Bullmastiff

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Bullmastiff

This nearly square breed should be powerful and active — a combination of strength, endurance and alertness. It should appear to be 60 percent mastiff and 40 percent bulldog. Its gait is smooth and powerful, but its angulation is moderate. Its coat is short and dense, and its expression keen and alert. These attributes allowed the bullmastiff to both overtake and over-power intruders.

The bullmastiff is gentle and quiet, a devoted companion and guardian. It is not easily roused, but once threatened it is fearless. It is stubborn and cannot easily be goaded into action against its will. Some can be aggressive toward strange dogs, but it is generally good with other household dogs and pets. It is good with children, but it may not be playful enough to satisfy some children. The bullmastiff needs a firm but loving home. It is not for fragile or timid owners.

AKC RANKING:

FAMILY:

livestock dog, mastiff (bulldog)

AREA OF ORIGIN:

England

DATE OF ORIGIN:

1800s

ORIGINAL FUNCTION:

estate guardian

TODAY'S FUNCTION:

companion

AVERAGE SIZE OF MALE:

Height: 25-27 Weight: 110-130

AVERAGE SIZE OF FEMALE:

Height: 24-26 Weight: 100-120

OTHER NAME:

none

BullDog

2013-05-28T00:31:00.004-07:00

BullDog

The bulldog's heavy, thick-set, low-slung body with wide shoulders gives it a low center of gravity, a vital asset when fighting a large animal. The massive head, of which the circumference should equal at least the height of the dog at the shoulder, gives ample room for muscular attachment for the strong, wide jaws. The undershot bite allows a tight grip, at the same time giving breathing room through the nose. The limbs are sturdy, the gait loose-jointed, shuffling, and rolling — this is not a breed that needs to run! The coat is fine and glossy.

Despite its "sour mug," the bulldog is jovial, comical and amiable, among the most docile and mellow of dogs. It is willing to please, although it retains a stubborn streak. It is very good with children. Most are moderately friendly toward strangers. Although some can be aggressive with strange dogs, the breed is quite good with other pets.

AKC RANKING:

FAMILY:

livestock dog, mountain dog, mastiff (bulldog)

AREA OF ORIGIN:

England

DATE OF ORIGIN:

1200s

ORIGINAL FUNCTION:

bull baiting

TODAY'S FUNCTION:

companion

AVERAGE SIZE OF MALE:

Height: 12-15 Weight: 50

AVERAGE SIZE OF FEMALE:

Height: 12-15 Weight: 40

OTHER NAME:

English bulldog

Shih Tzu

2013-05-28T00:23:00.002-07:00

Shih Tzu

Pronunciation	Americans commonly pronounce the Shih Tzu as SHEET-zoo; however, the actual original Chinese translation is, "sure-ds." In the Chinese pronunciation the "ds" is pronounced the same as the "ds" at the end of the word "words." It is Chinese Mandarin, and translates directly to "lion." That is where the term "lion dog" comes from. The moniker "chrysanthemum dog" and "sheet-sue" are common in America, but are both inaccurate American renditions of the original Chinese.
Description	The Shih Tzu is a small, sturdy dog with a body that is slightly longer than it is tall. The head is round and broad, and wide between the eyes. The square muzzle is short, with an inch or less from the tip of the nose to the defined stop. The nose is broad, with well-open nostrils. Nose, lips and eye rims are liver on liver colored dogs, blue on blue dogs and black on all other colors. The teeth meet in a level or under bite. The large, round eyes are dark in color, but lighter on blue and liver dogs. The large, pendant, low-set ears hang down and are covered in abundant hair. The back is level. The muscular legs are straight and well-boned. The high-set tail is carried over the back and is covered in abundant hair. Dewclaws are sometimes removed. The double coat is dense and long, flowing down over the dog. The hair above the eyes is often tied in a topknot. There is a profuse beard and mustache and the hair on the muzzle is short. Coat comes in all colors.
Temperament	The Shih Tzu is an alert, lively, little dog. It is happy and hardy, and packed with character. The gentle, loyal Shih Tzu makes friends easily and responds well to consistent, patient training. It makes a very alert watchdog. It is courageous and clever. Playful and spunky, this affectionate little dog likes to be with people and is generally good with other pets. Some can be difficult to housebreak. The Shih Tzu needs all of the humans in the house to be pack leaders, with the rules of the house made consistently clear. Owners who allow their dogs to take over may find them to be snappish if they are surprised or peeved. Because of this dog’s small size and its adorable face, it commonly develops Small Dog Syndrome, human induced behaviors where the dog believes he is the boss of humans. This causes a varying degree of behavioral issues, such as, but not limited to separation anxiety, guarding, growling, snapping, and even biting. These dogs may become untrustworthy with children and sometimes adults, as they try and tell the humans what THEY want THEM to do. They will be obstinate as they take their stand and defend their top position in the pack. They may bark obsessively as they try and TELL you what they want. These behaviors are NOT Shih Tzu traits, but rather behaviors brought on by the way they are treated by people around them. Give this dog rules and limits as to what it is and is not allowed to do. Be its firm, stable, consistent pack leader. Take it for daily pack walks to burn mental and physical energy. Its temperament will improve for the better, and you will bring out the sweet, trustworthy dog in it.
Height, Weight	Height: Up to 11 inches (28 cm) Weight: 9 - 16 pounds (4 - 7 kg)
Health Problems	Prone to slipped stifle and spinal disc disease caused by a long back and short legs. Also ear infections, eye problems such as cherry eye and early tooth loss. Tends to wheeze and snore and can have respiratory problems. These dogs gain weight easily and should not be overfed.
Living Conditions	The Shih Tzu is good for apartment life. These dogs are fairly active indoors and will do okay without a yard. This breed is sensitive to the heat.
Exercise	The Shih Tzu needs a daily walk. Play will take care of a lot of its exercise needs, however, as with all breeds; play will not fulfill its primal instinct to walk. Dogs that do not get to go on daily walks are more likely to display behavior problems. They will also enjoy a good romp in a safe, open area off lead, such as a large, fenced-in yard. Do not overfeed this breed or it will quickly become fat.
Life Expectancy	About 15 years or more
Grooming	These little dogs require a good daily grooming using a bristle brush. When kept in a long coat a topknot is usually tied to keep the hair out of the dog's eyes. Some owners prefer to have them trimmed to make the coat easier and less time-consuming to care for. Keep the ear passages and area around the eyes clean. Shih Tzus have sensitive eyes that need to be kept clean. There are special drops you can buy to put in them if needed. Ask your vet what to use on your dog. This breed sheds little to no hair and is good for allergy sufferers if its coat is kept very well groomed, due to the fact that they shed little skin dander.
Origin	Sixteenth century documents and paintings show dogs resembling the Shih Tzu. The Shih Tzu is said to have descended from crossing the Lhasa Apso or Tibetan mountain dog and Pekingese, in the city of Peking in the 17th century. The dogs were favorites of the Chinese royals and were so prized that for years the Chinese refused to sell, trade, or give away any of the dogs. It was not until the 1930s that the first pair was imported to England, when it was discovered by English soldiers during World War II. The Shih Tzu was recognized in Britain in 1946. The AKC recognized the breed in 1969.
Group	Herding, AKC Toy classed under the Non-Sporting Dogs category
Recognition	CKC, FCI, AKC, UKC, KCGB, CKC, ANKC, NKC, NZKC, CCR, APRI, ACR, DRA, NAPR

Pekingese

2013-05-28T00:11:00.005-07:00

Pekingese

Pronunciation	pee-kuh-NEEZ
Description	The Pekingese is a small, well-balanced, compact dog. It has a stocky, muscular body that is slightly longer than it is tall. The head is large in proportion to the rest of the body, with the top of the head being massive, broad and flat. The front of the face is flat. The muzzle is broad and flat, thicker below the eyes, separating the upper and lower areas of the face. The skin on the muzzle is black. The black nose is broad and short. Teeth meet in an under bite with a broad jaw bone. The large, prominent, round eyes are set wide apart with black eye rims. The heart-shaped ears are set on the front corners of the top of the skull, lying flat against the head. They are well feathered so that they appear to blend with the head, giving it a rectangular look. The neck is short and thick. The legs are short, thick and heavy-boned. The tail is high-set, slightly arched and carried over the back. The outer coat is long and coarse in texture with profuse feathering. The undercoat is soft and thick. The coat comes in all colors, sometimes with a black mask.
Temperament	Pekingese is a very brave little dog, sensitive, independent and extremely affectionate with its master. These adorable dogs can make wonderful companions. If overfed, the Pekingese will quickly become overweight. This breed makes a good watchdog. The Pekingese may be difficult to housebreak. Do not allow this dog to develop Small Dog Syndrome, human induced behaviors where the dog believes he is pack leader to humans. This can cause varying degrees of negative behaviors, including, but not limited to being obstinate, self-willed, jealous, separation anxiety, guarding, growling, snapping, biting, and obsessive barking as the dog tries to tell YOU what to do. They can become wary of strangers, and may become untrustworthy with children and even adults. If you feed them table scraps, they have been known to refuse to eat, as much to show dominance over their owner, as to lack of appetite. They can become dog aggressive and courageous to the point of foolhardiness as they try and take over. These are NOT Pekingese traits. They are behaviors resulting from humans allowing them to take over the home. If a Pekingese is given rules to follow, limits to what they are and are not allowed to do along with a daily pack walk to relieve their mental and physical energy, they will display a totally different, more appealing temperament. It is not fair to leave such a heavy weight on such a small dog, where he feels he has to keep HIS humans in line. As soon as you start showing your Peke you are able to be HIS strong, stable-minded pack leader, he can relax and be the wonderful little dog that he is.
Height, Weight	Height: 6 - 9 inches (30.4 - 45 cm), Weight: 8 - 10 pounds (3.6 - 4.5 kg) Any Pekingese under 6 pounds is called a sleeve Pekingese. It is the smallest member of the Pekingese family, and the most popular size during the breed’s development in China. To be a sleeve it must be 6 pounds (2.7 kg) or under; anything over that is not a considered a sleeve. In between 6 and 8 (2.7-3.6 kg.) pounds is considered a Mini Pekingese.
Health Problems	Pekingese tend to catch colds very easily. Very difficult births. Prone to herniated disks and dislocated kneecaps. Trichaiasis (lashes growing inwards toward the eyeballs). Breathing problems and heart problems are also common.
Living Conditions	Pekingese are good for apartment life. They are relatively inactive indoors and will do okay without a yard.
Exercise	Pekingese need a daily walk, where the dog is made to heel beside or behind the person holding the lead, as instinct tells a dog the leader leads the way, and that leader needs to be the human. Play will take care of a lot of their exercise needs, however, as with all breeds, play will not fulfill their primal instinct to walk. Dogs that do not get to go on daily walks are more likely to display behavior problems. They will also enjoy a good romp in a safe, open area off lead, such as a large, fenced-in yard. Get your Peke accustomed to the leash when it is still a puppy. Some owners have told me their Pekes will walk up to 4 miles on a nightly walk.
Life Expectancy	With healthy dogs, about 10-15 years.
Grooming	Daily combing and brushing of the very long, double coat is essential. Take extra care around the hindquarters, which can become solid and matted. Females shed the undercoat when in season. Dry shampoo regularly. Clean the face and eyes daily and check the hairy feet for burrs and objects that stick there. These dogs are average shedders.
Origin	The Pekingese received its name from the ancient city of Peking, which is now called Beijing. They were considered sacred dogs regarded as a legendary Foo Dog that drove away spirits. They could only be owned by Chinese royalty and were regarded as semi-divine and if you stole one of these dogs you were put to death. People without noble rank had to bow to them. When an emperor died, his Pekingese was sacrificed so that the dog could go with him to give protection in the afterlife. In 1860 the British overtook the Chinese Imperial Palace. Chinese Imperial Guards were ordered to kill the little dogs to prevent them from falling into the hands of the "foreign devils." Five of the Pekingese survived and were given to Queen Victoria. It was from these five dogs that the modern day Pekingese descended. In 1893 the breed was first shown in Britain. The Pekingese was recognized by the AKC in 1909.
Group	Herding, AKC Toy
Recognition	FCI, AKC, UKC, KCGB, CKC, ANKC, NKC, NZKC, PCA, APRI, ACR, DRA, NAPR

PUG

2013-05-27T23:45:00.003-07:00

PUG

Square-proportioned, compact and of a cobby build, the pug is a large dog in a little space. Its gait is strong and jaunty, but with a slight roll of the hindquarters. Its distinctive expression is soft and solicitous. Its forehead has large, deep wrinkles. Its coat is fine, smooth and short.

A delightful blend of dignity and comedy, the pug is an amiable, playful and confident companion. It can be stubborn and headstrong, but it is pleasant and generally willing to please. It loves to cavort and show off.

AKC RANKING:

FAMILY:

companion, mastiff (bulldog)

AREA OF ORIGIN:

China

DATE OF ORIGIN:

ancient times

ORIGINAL FUNCTION:

lap dog

TODAY'S FUNCTION:

companion

AVERAGE SIZE OF MALE:

Height: 10-11 Weight: 14-18

AVERAGE SIZE OF FEMALE:

Height: 10-11 Weight: 14-18

OTHER NAME:

mops, Carlin