https://www.pnas.org/loi/pnas?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Table of Contents Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences en-US Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences https://www.pnas.org/cms/asset/433b8ee2-291a-4032-a821-9a689e8fcaa8/default_cover.png https://www.pnas.org/loi/pnas?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/iti4226123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> In This Issue doi:10.1073/iti4226123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/iti4226123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/iti4226123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2628598123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>This article argues that human cognition is more than the performance of functions such as memory, decision-making, and attention. The brain also builds schematic models of those cognitive functions and uses those models to monitor, predict, and partially ... Understanding consciousness (biological and artificial) as a society of self-schemas doi:10.1073/pnas.2628598123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-09T07:00:00Z Michael S. A. Grazianoahttps://ror.org/00hx57361Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2628598123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2628598123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608103123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables cells to migrate during development and is essential for the formation of many tissues and organs. In vertebrate embryos, neural crest cells undergo EMT to generate much of the craniofacial ... P-body-mediated RNA decay controls neural crest EMT doi:10.1073/pnas.2608103123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Arvind Arul Nambi RajanMichael L. PiacentinoMarianne E. BronnerErica J. HutchinsaDepartment of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143bhttps://ror.org/043mz5j54Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143chttps://ror.org/05dxps055Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125dhttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2608103123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608103123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604393123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceWe delineate how chronic inflammation induced by smoking drives evolution of different lung progenitor populations, reshaping their developmental trajectories to facilitate addiction to specific-oncogenic events. Our data suggest that chronic ... Chronic cigarette smoke exposure induces distinct stem cell states driving genetic driver–specific non–small cell lung cancer subtypes doi:10.1073/pnas.2604393123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-05T07:00:00Z Na WangRaksha PadakiSara-Jayne ThursbyRay-Whay Chiu YenLeslie M. CopeMalcolm V. BrockEdward GabrielsonHariharan EaswaranStephen B. BaylinMichelle Vazahttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287bhttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287chttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287dhttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287ehttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287fDepartment of Epigenetics, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2604393123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604393123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2523026123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThis study provides ancient DNA analysis of Québec’s French-Canadian founder population from an early urban colonial cemetery in Montréal (1683–1796). Our findings directly challenge narratives of a “settler-founded admixed” population ... Ancient DNA challenges to admixture narratives: Insights from Notre-Dame Cemetery (1683–1796) in Colonial Montreal, Canada doi:10.1073/pnas.2523026123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-05T07:00:00Z Diane Martin-MoyaJean-Christophe GrenierLiam Thomas LaniganJustin PelletierEvan K. Irving PeaseFernando RacimoClaude BhérerHannes SchroederJulie HussinEmmanuel MilotIsabelle Ribotahttps://ror.org/0161xgx34Departement of Anthropology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canadabhttps://ror.org/02xrw9r68Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry, Physics and Forensic Science, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canadachttps://ror.org/03vs03g62Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute-OMICS Research Centre Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canadadhttps://ror.org/035b05819Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmarkehttps://ror.org/035b05819School of Archaeology, Saxo Institute, Faculty of Humanities, University of Copenhagen, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmarkfhttps://ror.org/01pxwe438Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canadaghttps://ror.org/0161xgx34Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Centre, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canadahhttps://ror.org/0161xgx34Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, Mila—Québec AI Institute Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2S 3H1, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2523026123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2523026123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621225123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceSocial play is considered critical for developing social, cognitive, and physical skills in young animals, yet how offspring of solitary species with single young access play partners remains unclear. We show that wild Bornean orangutan ... Maternal ranging strategies facilitate offspring social play at energetic cost in the most solitary ape doi:10.1073/pnas.2621225123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-06T07:00:00Z Odd T. JacobsonAlison M. AshburyBrendan J. BarrettMargaret C. CrofootPaulina KukofkaJulia A. KunzSri Suci Utami AtmokoCaroline SchuppliErin R. VogelCarel P. van SchaikMaria A. van Noordwijkahttps://ror.org/026stee22Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz 78467, Germanybhttps://ror.org/0546hnb39Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78464, Germanychttps://ror.org/0546hnb39Center for the Advanced Study of Collective Behavior, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78464, Germanydhttps://ror.org/02crff812Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerlandehttps://ror.org/00fn3pa80Biology Program, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta Selatan 12510, Indonesiafhttps://ror.org/026stee22Development and Evolution of Cognition Group, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz 78467, Germanyghttps://ror.org/02a33b393Department of Comparative Cultural Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, GermanyhDepartment of Anthropology, The State University of New Jersey, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ 08901ihttps://ror.org/02crff812Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerlandjhttps://ror.org/026stee22Comparative Socioecology Group, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz 78467, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2621225123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621225123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2620272123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceCells need cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to build RNA, yet how its sole synthetic enzyme, CTP synthase (CTPS), works efficiently has been unclear. Using advanced cryoelectron microscopy, we capture CTPS in action and find that the small molecule ... GTP orchestrates CTP synthase via an allosteric effector–cycling mechanism doi:10.1073/pnas.2620272123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-09T07:00:00Z Chen-Jun GuoYu-Fen WuShu-Ying GuoJia-Li LuLiang XuYou FuXian ZhouJiale ZhongZherong ZhangJi-Long Liuahttps://ror.org/030bhh786School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, Chinabhttps://ror.org/052gg0110Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2620272123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2620272123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2620271123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceCapturing enzymes under native conditions is a “holy grail” of structural biology, as traditional methods rely on inhibitors or substrate analogs that freeze dynamic machines into static states. Here, we introduce reaction-based cryo–electron ... Reaction-based cryo-EM resolves the continuous conformational spectrum of CTP synthase catalysis doi:10.1073/pnas.2620271123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-09T07:00:00Z Chen-Jun GuoYu-Fen WuShu-Ying GuoYou FuWei WangJi-Long Liuahttps://ror.org/030bhh786School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, Chinabhttps://ror.org/052gg0110Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2620271123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2620271123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2523034123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceMore than one billion people live in urban informal settlements, and this number could nearly triple by 2050 as cities continue to grow. Yet not all these informal settlements face the same challenges of sustainable development. By conducting ... Multidimensional vulnerabilities of informal settlements in the Urban South doi:10.1073/pnas.2523034123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Mingxing ChenWenming SongDadao LuYu DengChenglong WangHuiping JiangYuyu ZhouMurray W. ScownLiangkan ChenJing MaHeran ZhengXuemei Baiahttps://ror.org/034t30j35Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, Chinabhttps://ror.org/034t30j35Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, Chinachttps://ror.org/05qbk4x57College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Chinadhttps://ror.org/01rxvg760School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Chinaehttps://ror.org/02zhqgq86Department of Geography and Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Chinafhttps://ror.org/012a77v79Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies, Lund University, Lund 22100, Swedenghttps://ror.org/02jx3x895The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdomhhttps://ror.org/019wvm592Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australiaihttps://ror.org/057zh3y96Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2523034123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2523034123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611814123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceCognitive flexibility, the ability to update behavior when circumstances change, depends on modifying stored information, but the underlying synaptic mechanisms are unclear. Using a mouse model with enhanced flexibility, we identify a protein ... A Kv4.2-mGluR5 complex drives enhanced depotentiation in a mouse model of improved cognitive flexibility doi:10.1073/pnas.2611814123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Cole MalloyJia-Hua HuYing LiuMeghyn A. WelchMumeko C. TsudaHeather A. CameronDax A. Hoffmanahttps://ror.org/04byxyr05Molecular Neurophysiology and Biophysics Section, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892bhttps://ror.org/01z7r7q48Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104cSection on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2611814123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611814123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612539123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe axon initial segment is a specialized neuronal compartment hosting a molecular scaffold with a well-established ~190-nm periodic organization, yet the precise number and arrangement of proteins within this period have remained unclear due ... Double periodicity of the AnkyrinG-associated complex in the axon initial segment doi:10.1073/pnas.2612539123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Gülberk BayraktarJosephine K. DannersøSean D. S. HansenLisbeth Schmidt LaursenU. Valentin NägerlPoul Nissenahttps://ror.org/01aj84f44Danish Research Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C DK - 8000, Denmarkbhttps://ror.org/057qpr032Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5297, Bordeaux FR - 33077, Francechttps://ror.org/021ft0n22Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen DE - 37099, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612539123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612539123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616712123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceMost autotrophic bacteria rely on CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to overcome the slow rate and nonspecificity of the enzyme rubisco. These systems elevate cytosolic HCO3−up to 1,000-fold higher than the environmental concentration. This ... Structural insights into the coupling mechanism of vectorial CO2 uptake by DAB1 doi:10.1073/pnas.2616712123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Naiya R. PhillipsLuke M. OltroggeJonathan P. RemisDavid F. Savageahttps://ror.org/01an7q238Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720bhttps://ror.org/01an7q238HHMI, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720chttps://ror.org/01an7q238Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720dhttps://ror.org/01an7q238Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2616712123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616712123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621138123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceOnly a small fraction of the natural products encoded in the human microbiome have been discovered and functionally characterized. Here, we use a bioinformatics-guided approach to identify a family of peptide natural products—named miranthins—... Discovery and characterization of miranthins, “Trojan horse” antibiotic modulators of bacterial composition in the oral microbiome doi:10.1073/pnas.2621138123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Brielle E. DalvanoBrett C. CovingtonMohammad R. Seyedsayamdostahttps://ror.org/00hx57361Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544bhttps://ror.org/00hx57361Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2621138123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621138123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535413123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceHemispheric asymmetries in hippocampal function are observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but their molecular basis and contribution to cognitive decline remain unclear. We show that the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) is left-... Shedding light on left hippocampal mGlu5 in Alzheimer’s disease doi:10.1073/pnas.2535413123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Charleine ZussyMagalie MathiasMathieu VitalisTristan Moujellil-LegagneurFanny MalhaireGeoffrey CanetCatherine DesrumauxSylvie ClaeysenXavier Gómez-SantacanaCyril GoudetAmadeu LlebariaLaurent Givaloisahttps://ror.org/051escj72IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier 34094, Francebhttps://ror.org/051escj72MMDN, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier 34095, FrancecLIPSTIC LabEx, Dijon 21079, FrancedMCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spainehttps://ror.org/04sjchr03Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, CR-CHUQ, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2535413123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535413123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611158123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceTau proteins must align and stack precisely with existing fibril ends to propagate pathology, yet the molecular signature that initiates and ensures this in-register alignment has been unclear. This study shows recruitment begins at a single, ... A water-pinning hot spot drives templated tau aggregation doi:10.1073/pnas.2611158123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Chung-Ta HanKaren TsaySamuel LoboSaeed NajafiKieran MonahanErica HongM. Scott ShellJoan-Emma SheaSongi HanaDepartment of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3113bhttps://ror.org/02t274463Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9510chttps://ror.org/02t274463Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5080dhttps://ror.org/02t274463Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2611158123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611158123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2529492123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceEffects of pathogens on humans and domesticated species are well documented, but their role in shaping the abundances of interconnected species in nature in a changing environment is limited. In 2013–2014, sea star wasting disease produced a ... Field experiments predict ecological response to a large-scale epidemic of an anti-keystone pathogen doi:10.1073/pnas.2529492123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z J. Timothy WoottonKhashiff MirandaAmy K. HenryCatherine A. Pfisterahttps://ror.org/024mw5h28Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637bhttps://ror.org/024mw5h28Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637chttps://ror.org/04sjchr03Department of Biology, Université Laval, Local 1033, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canadadhttps://ror.org/04gyf1771Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2529492123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2529492123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2617489123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceOriented attachment offers a powerful route to materials difficult to access by classical nucleation-and-growth or templating methods. This work shows that CeO2nanoclusters assemble through oriented attachment into mesoporous quasi-single-... Nonclassical growth to mesoporous quasi-single crystal CeO2 superstructures with a well-defined surface doi:10.1073/pnas.2617489123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Meiyang CuiXiangru WeiMoon Young YangGrayson JohnsonPerrin GodboldYizhen ChenMaoyu WangYugang ZhangChang LiuShengsong YangBrian LeeSooyeon HwangFarzad BastaniMingyang LiuPetra ReinkeLu MaHua ZhouChristopher B. MurrayWilliam A. GoddardSen Zhangahttps://ror.org/0153tk833Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904bhttps://ror.org/05dxps055Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125chttps://ror.org/05gvnxz63X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439dhttps://ror.org/02ex6cf31Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973ehttps://ror.org/00b30xv10Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104fhttps://ror.org/0153tk833Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904ghttps://ror.org/02ex6cf31National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2617489123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2617489123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612028123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceLeukocytes migrate through complex mechanical environments. While much work has focused on how immune cells migrate through matrix tissue, how leukocytes exert forces to overcome resistance and generate traction within cell-dense epithelial ... Direct physical contacts with epithelial cells regulate leukocyte actin dynamics to facilitate intraepithelial motility in vivo doi:10.1073/pnas.2612028123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Jonathan H. SchropeTanner F. RobertsonAdam HornJack J. StevensClyde W. TinnenJulie RindyNicholas GarciaYiran HouEmilie RochonDavid J. BeebeAnna Huttenlocherahttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705bhttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705chttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705dhttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705ehttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Cell and Molecular Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705fhttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705ghttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612028123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612028123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606200123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceCarbon monoxide (CO) regulates atmospheric oxidation and the lifetime of multiple climate forcers. Current understanding of its sources largely draws on emission inventories, satellite observations, and inversion models, which provide valuable ... Multiyear dual-isotope fingerprinting at South Asian receptor sites constrains carbon monoxide sources and enhanced oxidation doi:10.1073/pnas.2606200123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Peng YaoHenry HolmstrandCarina van der VeenMaria Elena PopaChloe A. BrashearKrishnakant BudhavantMohanan Remani ManojJoakim RomsonAbdus SalamThomas RöckmannÖrjan Gustafssonahttps://ror.org/05f0yaq80Department of Environmental Science and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Swedenbhttps://ror.org/04pp8hn57Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CC, The NetherlandscMaldives Climate Observatory-Hanimaadhoo, Maldives Meteorological Services, H. Dh. Hanimaadhoo 02020, MaldivesdDivecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Indiaehttps://ror.org/05wv2vq37Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606200123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606200123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612503123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe dinosaur–bird transition involved major functional changes across anatomical and sensory systems, enabling the origin of powered flight and an evolutionary radiation that gave rise to 11,000 living species. Changes to the semicircular ... Coordinated transformations of the labyrinth and occiput during the dinosaur–bird transition doi:10.1073/pnas.2612503123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Guillermo NavalónSerjoscha W. EversEmma HughesAlexander BjarnasonLuis M. ChiappeStig A. WalshJames M. NeenanElsa PanciroliDaniel J. FieldRoger B. J. Bensonahttps://ror.org/04pmn0e78Department of Life Sciences, Global Change Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28805, Spainbhttps://ror.org/013meh722Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United KingdomcUrwelt-Museum Oberfranken, https://ror.org/05th1v540Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns, Bayreuth 95444, Germanydhttps://ror.org/052gg0110Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3AN, United Kingdomehttps://ror.org/00p9h0053Dinosaur Institute, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA 90007fhttps://ror.org/00pxfwe85Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh EH1 1JF, United Kingdomghttps://ror.org/01nrxwf90School of GeoSciences, Grant Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, United Kingdomhhttps://ror.org/02crff812Department of Paleontology, University of Zürich, Zürich 8006, Switzerlandihttps://ror.org/03angcq70School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdomjhttps://ror.org/013meh722Museum of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdomkhttps://ror.org/03thb3e06American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024-5102 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612503123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612503123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614706123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe question of whether Palaeoptera (Ephemeroptera + Odonata) forms a monophyletic group has drawn considerable attention in insect phylogenetic studies. Leveraging the most comprehensive taxonomic sampling to date alongside refined ... Phylogenomics confirms Palaeoptera monophyly and illuminates the origin of winged insects doi:10.1073/pnas.2614706123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Shiyu DuYehao WangFeng ZhangMichael S. EngelXuhongyi ZhengDewen GongChangfa ZhouChenyang Caiahttps://ror.org/036trcv74College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Chinabhttps://ror.org/034t30j35State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Chinachttps://ror.org/05td3s095College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 211800, Chinadhttps://ror.org/03thb3e06Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2614706123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614706123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2531748123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceResearchers in the social sciences are increasingly using large language models (LLMs) to simulate human behavior and communication. Yet robust, systematic methods for assessing how faithfully these models reproduce human expression remain ... AI-generated language remains systematically distinguishable from human communication doi:10.1073/pnas.2531748123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Nicolò PaganPetter TörnbergChristopher A. BailChristopher Barrieahttps://ror.org/02crff812Department of Informatics, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8006, Switzerlandbhttps://ror.org/04dkp9463Institute for Logic, Language and Computation, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098-xg, The Netherlandschttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Sociology, Computer Science, Political Science, and Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708dhttps://ror.org/0190ak572Department of Sociology, New York University, New York, NY 10003ehttps://ror.org/052gg0110Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 1JD, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2531748123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2531748123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2610400123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceA long-standing challenge in neuroscience is simulating brain networks that are anatomically realistic. By integrating a simple yet elegant principle—developmental timing, or heterochronicity—this study reproduces brain networks with an ... Heterochronicity shapes brain network formation doi:10.1073/pnas.2610400123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Francesco PoliStuart OldhamAlexa MousleyEdward T. BullmorePetra E. VértesDuncan E. Astleahttps://ror.org/013meh722Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, United Kingdombhttps://ror.org/013meh722Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/02rktxt32Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 3052, Australiadhttps://ror.org/02bfwt286Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australiaehttps://ror.org/0220mzb33School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2610400123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2610400123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612829123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceWave impacts are a primary variable driving high rates of coastal erosion and growing flood hazards in the Alaskan Arctic. Yet, existing historical datasets lack the resolution to adequately resolve the coastal wave environment—critical to the ... Improved assessment of Alaskan Arctic coastal wave exposure accounting for landfast ice doi:10.1073/pnas.2612829123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Martin HenkeZhaoqing YangRuth Branchahttps://ror.org/05h992307Coastal Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Seattle, WA 98109bhttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612829123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612829123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613405123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe crystallization of toxic heme into hemozoin is a vital survival mechanism for malaria parasites and a primary target for clinical intervention. This work identifies “step-capping,” whereby lattice strain, induced by single drug molecules, ... A multiscale framework for heme crystallization inhibition: From single-molecule step-capping to parasite suppression doi:10.1073/pnas.2613405123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Huan-Jui LeeSandra MassihMahnoor AbdullahHariharan AnnaduraiJeffrey D. RimerDavid J. SullivanPeter G. Vekilovahttps://ror.org/048sx0r50William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-4004bhttps://ror.org/048sx0r50Welch Center for Advanced Bioactive Materials Crystallization, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-4004chttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205-2103dhttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2185ehttps://ror.org/048sx0r50Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2613405123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613405123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2624455123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are widely assumed to form a peripheral stromal shell around solid tumors, yet their spatial organization remains poorly understood. Using magnetic surface tensiometry and engineered tumor spheroids, this ... Cell identity competes with surface tension to determine stromal organization in tumor spheroids beyond the CAF shell paradigm doi:10.1073/pnas.2624455123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Claire Wilhelmahttps://ror.org/013cjyk83Physics of Cells and Cancer, CNRS UMR168, Institut Curie, Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2624455123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2624455123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2624803123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe origin of ribonucleosides, essential building blocks of RNA, remains a major unresolved problem in prebiotic chemistry because their abiotic formation is inefficient and their stability is limited under plausible early-Earth conditions. We ... Interfacial microenvironments enable abiotic ribonucleoside formation in micro- and nanoscale compartments doi:10.1073/pnas.2624803123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Qiang LiuXia ZhaoJae Kyoo LeeRichard N. Zareahttps://ror.org/023hj5876Department of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of Chinabhttps://ror.org/04h9pn542Department of Applied Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Koreachttps://ror.org/04h9pn542Research Institute of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Koreadhttps://ror.org/00f54p054Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2624803123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2624803123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2620565123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceNew particle formation (NPF) is the dominant source of atmospheric aerosol number and a key contributor to the cloud condensation nuclei budget, yet remains poorly understood theoretically. We introduce an analytical thermodynamic framework ... Thermodynamic origin of atmospheric new particle formation: Theory for stable nucleating pairs doi:10.1073/pnas.2620565123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Roope Halonenahttps://ror.org/01rxvg760Nanjing–Helsinki Institute in Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215163, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2620565123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2620565123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604255123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceStable neural function requires synapses to maintain consistent levels of communication while remaining flexible enough to adapt when activity is disrupted. Failure to balance stability and adaptability is linked to numerous neurological and ... Competing presynaptic protein assemblies coordinate basal neurotransmission with homeostatic plasticity doi:10.1073/pnas.2604255123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Wen-Chieh HsiehTae Hee HanRosario VicidominiPeter NguyenMihaela Serpeahttps://ror.org/04byxyr05Section on Cellular Communication, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2604255123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604255123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606433123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceAntiferromagnetism and superconductivity are often viewed as competing orders in doped Mott insulators. In this work, we identify kinetic frustration as a microscopic mechanism that instead promotes their coexistence in the square-lattice ... Antiferromagnetism and tightly bound Cooper pairs induced by kinetic frustration doi:10.1073/pnas.2606433123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Yixin ZhangCristian D. BatistaYang Zhangahttps://ror.org/020f3ap87Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996bhttps://ror.org/02v51f717School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, Chinachttps://ror.org/01qz5mb56Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831dhttps://ror.org/020f3ap87Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606433123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606433123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2536473123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceWhen ecosystems face climate change, they respond in multiple ways. In drylands, vegetation adjusts its spatial patterns responding to increasing water stress, while plants may rapidly evolve greater drought tolerance. How these responses ... Evolution shapes ecosystem resilience through spatial self-organization doi:10.1073/pnas.2536473123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Xiaoli DongAlexander J. RichardsonRachata Muneepeerakulahttps://ror.org/05rrcem69Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616bhttps://ror.org/05rrcem69Department of Mathematics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616chttps://ror.org/02y3ad647Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2536473123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2536473123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533077123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceDissipative chaos commonly occurs in scientific domains from fluid dynamics to climate systems. Despite the recent progress in data-driven models, they are often prone to generating unbounded trajectories, which prohibits meaningful ... Learning dissipative chaotic dynamics with boundedness guarantees doi:10.1073/pnas.2533077123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Sunbochen TangThemistoklis P. SapsisNavid Azizanahttps://ror.org/042nb2s44Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2533077123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533077123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532121123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceGovernments and companies have worked to rid supply chains of modern slavery, but little is known about policy outcomes, including how perpetrators change their behavior in response to sanctions. With data on millions of cattle transactions in ... Laundering and evasion in response to antislavery policies in Brazil’s cattle sector doi:10.1073/pnas.2532121123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Tara MittelbergMarin E. SkidmoreJuliana L. S. C. BrandãoLisa L. RauschHolly K. Gibbsahttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53726bhttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706chttps://ror.org/047426m28Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2532121123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532121123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2617040123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceHumans cooperate extensively with individuals beyond their close genetic kin, yet the underlying evolutionary mechanisms remain the subject of active debate. Our paper contributes a theoretical model together with experimental data from ... Integrating cooperative breeding with reciprocity and culture extends Hamilton’s rule to humans doi:10.1073/pnas.2617040123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Alessandra CassarDaniel FriedmanShreeja GuhaTimothy WilkinsaDepartment of Economics, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117bhttps://ror.org/02nkf1q06Department of Economics, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/03s65by71Department of Economics, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2617040123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2617040123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2607168123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceEPSP–spike (E-S) potentiation enhances neuronal output independently of synaptic strength, yet its cellular basis has remained unclear and is often considered secondary to synaptic plasticity. We show that astrocytes actively drive E-S ... Astrocytic facilitation of somatic NMDARs underpins hippocampal E-S potentiation doi:10.1073/pnas.2607168123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Xi DongZhaohui ChenYi FuZhi WangWei LuaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, Chinabhttps://ror.org/013q1eq08Minister of Education Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2607168123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2607168123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608878123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificancePeriodic crystals are constrained by symmetry rules that exclude fivefold arrangements, limiting the design space for structures exhibiting fivefold motifs. We show that this limitation can be overcome by using structural disorder. A simple ... Ice-ray pentagonal packing of pseudo-fivefold helices doi:10.1073/pnas.2608878123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-14T07:00:00Z Lida AeindartehranLuke KwanIbrahim TahirDaniel K. UnruhMaria PetrovWilliam B. StollAlejandro AlvarezJia-Sen HuEjaz AhmedNilanjan SealNathan TatonAnja MilenkovaRobert E. DinnebierMurillo Longo MartinsYongqiang ChengAnibal J. Ramirez-CuestaJin S. ZhangMichael T. RuggieroPanče NaumovTomče Runčevskiahttps://ror.org/042tdr378Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275bhttps://ror.org/00e5k0821Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirateschttps://ror.org/036jqmy94The University of Iowa, Office of the Vice President for Research, 2660 UCC, Iowa City, IA 52242dhttps://ror.org/022kthw22Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627ehttps://ror.org/022kthw22Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627fhttps://ror.org/01f5ytq51Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843ghttps://ror.org/005bk2339Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart 70569, Germanyhhttps://ror.org/01qz5mb56Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830ihttps://ror.org/022kthw22Department of Chemical and Sustainability Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627jhttps://ror.org/00n3w3b69Continuous Manufacturing & Crystallisation, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdomkhttps://ror.org/0190ak572Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi Research Institute, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirateslhttps://ror.org/003jsdw96Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje MK−1000, Macedoniamhttps://ror.org/0190ak572Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York City, NY 10003 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2608878123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608878123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626262123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceMethyl-CpG-binding domain protein 3 (MBD3) is an essential component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex for chromatin remodeling. This study shows that T cell–specific deficiency of MBD3 produces severe multiorgan ... Autoimmunity induced by epigenome alteration affecting thymic Treg cell development doi:10.1073/pnas.2626262123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-14T07:00:00Z Jia LongJun HuangMasaya AraiYamami NakamuraNorihisa MikamiKenji IchiyamaShimon Sakaguchiahttps://ror.org/035t8zc32Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, University of Osaka, Osaka 565-0871, Japanbhttps://ror.org/02kpeqv85Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626262123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626262123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535927123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceSelenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans. Dietary Se deficiency remains a global health concern due to low capacity of many crops to accumulate bioavailable Se, dependence of plants on soil Se, and uneven distribution of Se in ... Shading enhances Se accumulation in tea leaves through promoting CsMYB7-like-mediated conversion of Se (VI) to Se (IV) doi:10.1073/pnas.2535927123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-14T07:00:00Z Jianhui YeAn YanQiting FangYijie LiuChunyang Liahttps://ror.org/00a2xv884Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2535927123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535927123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614605123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceMiniaturization is widespread among vertebrates, yet its genomic basis remains poorly understood. In Cypriniformes, the most species-rich order of freshwater fishes, miniaturization has evolved repeatedly, producing two distinct forms: ... Convergent genome streamlining accompanies independent miniaturization in the world’s smallest fishes doi:10.1073/pnas.2614605123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-14T07:00:00Z Hiranya SudasingheMichael MatschinerRalf BritzKevin W. ConwayHeok Hui TanWalter SalzburgerCatherine L. PeichelLukas RüberaNatural History Museum Bern, Bern 3005, Switzerlandbhttps://ror.org/02k7v4d05Division of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerlandchttps://ror.org/05591te55Faculty of Biology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Planegg 82152, Germanydhttps://ror.org/016xad343Senckenberg Natural History Collections, Dresden 01109, Germanyehttps://ror.org/01f5ytq51Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology and Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843fhttps://ror.org/01tgyzw49Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117377, Singaporeghttps://ror.org/02s6k3f65Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Basel 4051, Switzerlandhhttps://ror.org/02k7v4d05Division of Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2614605123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614605123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613546123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceAging is the primary nongenetic risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and both conditions lead to progressive muscle weakness and loss of function. Although aging and ALS differ in rate and severity, they share key features, ... An integrative transcriptomic atlas of ALS and aging skeletal muscle defines shared and distinct molecular programs of degeneration doi:10.1073/pnas.2613546123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Mercedes Grima-TerrénMegan RommelfangerSilvia CampanarioAina Calls-CobosAndrés CisnerosIgnacio Ramírez-PardoGrace ChouYuewen ZhengNasun HahAntonio L. SerranoEusebio PerdigueroJoan IsernPura Muñoz-Cánovesahttps://ror.org/05467hx49Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA 92121bhttps://ror.org/04n0g0b29Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2613546123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613546123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2618402123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe central role of citations in research evaluation makes them an attractive target for gaming. It has been suggested that fraudulent organizations, known as research paper mills, may manipulate citations for a price. This research uncovers ... Suspected distortion of citations in high-impact cancer journals doi:10.1073/pnas.2618402123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Baptiste ScancarJennifer A. ByrneDavid CauseurAdrian G. Barnettahttps://ror.org/01dkyve95Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Institut de Recherche Mathématique de Rennes UMR 6625 CNRS, L’Institut Agro, Rennes 35042, Francebhttps://ror.org/00hwmnh71New South Wales Health Statewide Biobank, New South Wales Health Pathology, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australiachttps://ror.org/0384j8v12School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australiadhttps://ror.org/03pnv4752School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2618402123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2618402123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2622466123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificancePersistent airway infection byPseudomonas aeruginosaremains a major challenge in cystic fibrosis despite widespread use of highly effective CFTR modulator therapy. Here, we show thatP. aeruginosagene expression in the lungs of people with ... The impact of modulator therapy on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cystic fibrosis lung transcriptome doi:10.1073/pnas.2622466123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Morgana LetiziaLauren E. WhiteleyFrances L. DiggleAngela N. DavisSarah J. MorganBrenda GroganJohn BaughEdward F. McKonePradeep K. SinghMarvin Whiteleyahttps://ror.org/01zkghx44School of Biological Sciences and Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332bEmory-Children’s Cystic Fibrosis Center, Atlanta, GA 30322chttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195dhttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195ehttps://ror.org/029tkqm80National Referral Center for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, National Referral Center for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin D04 T6F4, Irelandfhttps://ror.org/05m7pjf47University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2622466123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2622466123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2617358123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceConsiderable research efforts have been devoted to examining the brain mechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, a developmental perspective is sorely needed to provide a holistic view of brain differences and development. ... Two clusters of brain regions with distinct age-related profiles of functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder doi:10.1073/pnas.2617358123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Xinrui LiFengzhu ZuoYi ChengKyle PerkinsFan Caoahttps://ror.org/02zhqgq86Department of Psychology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Chinabhttps://ror.org/02gz6gg07Department of Teaching and Learning, College of Arts, Sciences and Education, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2617358123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2617358123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2607201123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceRibosome-binding chaperones begin to guide the folding of nascent proteins even before their synthesis is complete, steering them away from misfolded and potentially harmful conformations. Chaperone interactions with partially synthesized ... Multivalent weak contacts shape chaperone–nascent protein interactions doi:10.1073/pnas.2607201123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Nandakumar RajasekaranDmitri ToptyginTing-Wei LiaoVincent J. HilserTaekjip HaChristian M. Kaiserahttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218bhttps://ror.org/00za53h95T.C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218chttps://ror.org/00dvg7y05Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115dhttps://ror.org/006w34k90Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115eDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115fhttps://ror.org/04pp8hn57Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CH, The Netherlands Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2607201123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2607201123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614335123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceSince the cloning of TRPV1 as a polymodal nociceptor, the prevailing view has been that diverse physical and chemical stimuli converge on a common open state. Our data, derived from multiple independent approaches under physiological ... Distinct functional open states of the polymodal nociceptor TRPV1 doi:10.1073/pnas.2614335123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Bo Hyun LeeShisheng LiSimon VuZhihao YaoYuhua TianVladimir Yarov-YarovoyJie ZhengaDepartment of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616bhttps://ror.org/00saywf64Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Koreachttps://ror.org/021cj6z65Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Chinadhttps://ror.org/03frjya69Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2614335123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614335123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611560123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceWe report a global protein degradation program in bacteria, conceptually analogous to stress-induced autophagy in eukaryotes, that is induced upon carbon starvation. Quantitative characterization of this starvation-induced protein degradation (... Global proteolysis during starvation governs proteome remodeling and a survival–regrowth trade-off in bacteria doi:10.1073/pnas.2611560123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Gabriel ManzanarezRohan BalakrishnanHarish KannanMiriam AbeleHiroyuki OkanoFukang SheZhongge ZhangChenhao WuLance FreimanChristina LudwigMatteo MoriTerence Hwaahttps://ror.org/00pjdza24Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093bhttps://ror.org/00pjdza24Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093chttps://ror.org/00pjdza24Department of Mathematics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093dhttps://ror.org/02kkvpp62Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2611560123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611560123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615145123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceLiver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) is an endogenous inhibitor of the ghrelin receptor, a major regulator of appetite and a high-priority therapeutic target. Here, we show that circulating LEAP2 reaches specific brain regions and ... LEAP2 mediates long-term inhibition of orexigenic neurons of the hypothalamus in mice doi:10.1073/pnas.2615145123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Lucía GiovaniniMaría P. CornejoIvana M. GomezNahuel WanionokPablo N. De FrancescoFlorencia HerediaDaniel CastrogiovanniLeandro UrrutiaGerman FalascoSonia CantelJean-Alain FehrentzHelgi B. SchiöthMario Perelloahttps://ror.org/01tjs6929Laboratory of Neurophysiology of the Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology [Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires, National University of La Plata], La Plata, Buenos Aires 1900, Argentinabhttps://ror.org/0145s0423Center of Molecular Imaging of Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia, Escobar 1625, Argentinachttps://ror.org/03sgyqj04Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, University of Montpellier, CNRS, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Montpellier 34293, FrancedDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Uppsala, Uppsala 751 24, Swedenehttps://ror.org/01a92vw29Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga LV-1006, Latvia Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2615145123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615145123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606899123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceHow physiological signals gate the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) has remained a central unresolved question in cell physiology. We show that the orphan G protein–coupled receptor GPRC5B recruits the Src-family kinase Fyn to inhibit ... A GPRC5B–Fyn signaling axis regulates VRAC activity by targeting LRRC8A doi:10.1073/pnas.2606899123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Yulia KostritskaiaHéctor Gaitán-PeñasSara BertelliMarta Alonso-GardónMalte KlüssendorfAida CastellanosGuillem Pont-EspinósAdrià Pla-CasillanisMarc González-SubíasEkaitz Errasti-MurugarrenTania López-HernándezMichael PuschTobias StauberRaúl EstévezaInstitute for Molecular Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg 20457, Germanybhttps://ror.org/052g8jq94Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spainchttps://ror.org/021018s57Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat 08907, Spaindhttps://ror.org/0008xqs48Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat 08908, Spainehttps://ror.org/04zaypm56Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova 16149, Italyfhttps://ror.org/01hcx6992Institute of Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germanyghttps://ror.org/01ygm5w19Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606899123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606899123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615084123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceAmmonia (NH3) is central to sustainable agriculture and environmental remediation, and electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (NO3RR) offers a viable route for coupling wastewater treatment with green NH3synthesis. However, its efficiency is ... Restructuring hydrogen-bonding networks via hydroxyl-functionalized covalent organic frameworks for efficient nitrate electroreduction doi:10.1073/pnas.2615084123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Rongbin ZhangHui ZhangHaiyan DuanDonglin HanXingchi LiZhenlin WangRunfang MaoMingquan CaiYing ZhuHaotian HuangWenqiang QuEmiliano CortesDengsong ZhangaInnovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, Chinabhttps://ror.org/027m9bs27Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadadNanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 80539, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2615084123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615084123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616364123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificancePrioritizing goal-relevant over irrelevant information in learning and decision-making is an effective behavioral strategy that improves from childhood to adulthood. The present study used reward and emotion information—each of which has ... Changing contributions of emotion and reward information to learning through adolescence doi:10.1073/pnas.2616364123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Camille V. Phaneuf-HaddElizabeth A. PhelpsLeah H. Somervilleahttps://ror.org/03vek6s52Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138bhttps://ror.org/03vek6s52Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2616364123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616364123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611706123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceSuccessful pollen tube germination and growth is required to initiate production of all of our foundational seed and fruit crops but heat stress during the pollination season diminishes crop productivity because it reduces pollen quantity and ... Pollen tube integrity is critical for thermotolerance in tomato and is enhanced by loss of SlRALF1 doi:10.1073/pnas.2611706123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Rasha Althiab AlmasaudSorel V. Yimga OuonkapJared IngramYahir OsegueraMohamed Alkassem AlosmanCassandra TravisJiaying HouAtticus HenryMichelle MedinaNathalie OulhenKelsey PryzeNicholas DaSilvaCamila E. MolinaGeorge P. LisiJames B. PeaseRavishankar PalaniveluGary M. WesselAlison DeLongMark A. JohnsonaDepartment of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912bhttps://ror.org/03m2x1q45School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721chttps://ror.org/00rs6vg23Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Aronoff Laboratory, Columbus, OH 43210 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2611706123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611706123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612813123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceOxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are mid-depth ocean regions where low oxygen reshapes nitrogen cycling and promotes emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting substance. However, the ecological mechanisms shaping ... Microbial niche partitioning explains N2O distributions and cycling in marine oxygen minimum zones doi:10.1073/pnas.2612813123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Daniel McCoyXin SunPearse J. BuchananEmily J. Zakemahttps://ror.org/04jr01610Biosphere Sciences and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Pasadena, CA 91125bhttps://ror.org/00b30xv10Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104chttps://ror.org/03qn8fb07Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisations, Hobart, TAS 7004, Australia Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612813123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612813123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613054123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceUsing a human breast organoid high-content screening platform, we show that defined chemical mixtures induce heterogeneous developmental disruption that converges on conserved epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), wound-response, and ... Environmental chemical mixtures reprogram mammary epithelial development to epigenetic states associated with breast cancer doi:10.1073/pnas.2613054123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Meadow ParrishMeloryn SerajHelia NikoueianNicole TraughAndrew ChenPiyush B. GuptaStefano MontiCharlotte Kuperwasserahttps://ror.org/05wvpxv85Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111bhttps://ror.org/05qwgg493Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118chttps://ror.org/05qwgg493Bioinformatics Program, Faculty of Computing and Data Science, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215dhttps://ror.org/05qwgg493Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118ehttps://ror.org/05wvpxv85Convergence Laboratory of Biomedical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2613054123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613054123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2537780123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceAluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) are premier energetic materials, yet the atomic mechanisms governing their transition from passivated states to highly reactive states remain difficult to resolve. We use a human-audited, multiagent framework to ... Multi-AI agent framework reveals the “oxide gatekeeper” in aluminum nanoparticle oxidation doi:10.1073/pnas.2537780123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Yiming LuTingyu LuDi ZhangLili YeHao Liahttps://ror.org/01dq60k83Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japanbhttps://ror.org/023hj5876School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, ChinacSuzhou MatSource Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, Chinadhttps://ror.org/01dq60k83Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2537780123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2537780123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603031123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe striatum functions as a gateway to the basal ganglia and plays crucial roles in regulating movement, emotion, reward processing, and cognitive functions. The striatal projection neurons consist of three main subtypes, direct-pathway ... FOXG1 spatiotemporally orchestrates subtype fate specification and patch/matrix identity of striatal spiny projection neurons doi:10.1073/pnas.2603031123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Shuangshuang DongLijuan SunFeng XiongFeier HuangBaoshen ZhangYonghui WuDa MiWei HuangRu BaHanchuan PengChunjie ZhaoaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, ChinabNew Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinacSchool of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, Chinadhttps://ror.org/03cve4549State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, International Data Group/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centre for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, Chinaehttps://ror.org/034t30j35Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, Chinafhttps://ror.org/013q1eq08New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Chinaghttps://ror.org/013q1eq08Shanghai Academy of Natural Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, ChinahDepartment of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2603031123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603031123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616616123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceTraditional views hold that the reduction of nitrate to ammonium in paddy soil relies on microbial involvement. However, this process suffers competitive disadvantages compared to denitrification, leading to losses of reactive nitrogen. Here, ... Abiotic conversion of nitrate to ammonium enhances nitrogen use efficiency in paddy soils doi:10.1073/pnas.2616616123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Chunlei LiuManting WangHongzhe LiJianfei LiJingru XuNan ZhangChao ZhuJun ShanGuibing ZhuYong-Guan Zhuahttps://ror.org/034t30j35State Key Laboratory of Regional environment and Sustainability, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, Chinabhttps://ror.org/05qbk4x57University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, Chinachttps://ror.org/034t3zs45School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi′an 710021, Chinadhttps://ror.org/01d0bkz51Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, Chinaehttps://ror.org/034t30j35State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2616616123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616616123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621369123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceUnderstanding the origin and nature of conventional and unconventional superconductivity remains a central challenge in strongly correlated electron physics. In UTe2, we mapped out the temperature vs. pressure phase diagram of a more ... Superconductivity in the high-pressure tetragonal phase of UTe2 doi:10.1073/pnas.2621369123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Yuhang DengGabriel MeeTyler WannamakerKeke FengMingyu XuWeiwei XieM. Brian Mapleahttps://ror.org/0168r3w48Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92903bhttps://ror.org/05hs6h993Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2621369123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621369123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609630123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceDoes accurate reconstruction of brain activity imply a biological mechanism? Geometric eigenmodes are proposed as a foundational basis for brain function due to their strong reconstruction performance. We revisit this assumption by ... Mechanistic versus descriptive interpretation of brain activity pattern reconstruction doi:10.1073/pnas.2609630123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Kyesam JungSimon B. EickhoffKaustubh R. Patilahttps://ror.org/02nv7yv05Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germanybhttps://ror.org/024z2rq82Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2609630123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609630123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2623430123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceRice blast disease caused byMagnaporthe oryzaethreatens global rice production, and durable control remains difficult as fungicide resistance emerges. We used the crystal structure of MoAtg8, a core autophagy protein required for infection-... Structure-based targeting of Atg8 uncovers its essential role in autophagy-mediated detoxification doi:10.1073/pnas.2623430123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Jiongyi YanXueming ZhuLin LiZi-Fang ShenJian-Dong BaoShuang LiangHuimin WuNida AsifXichun LuoHongmin LvAsen DaskalovYing-Ying CaiYunyun WeiJianping LuXiaohong LiuNaweed I. NaqviRichard A. WilsonFu-Cheng LinaState Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Chinabhttps://ror.org/02qbc3192State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinacXianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, Chinadhttps://ror.org/057qpr032University of Bordeaux, CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, UMR 5164, Bordeaux F-33000, Franceehttps://ror.org/0331z5r71College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Chinafhttps://ror.org/01tgyzw49Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singaporeghttps://ror.org/043mer456Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2623430123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2623430123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614169123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceWhen novel environments cause population decline, evolution can reverse this decline (“evolutionary rescue;” ER). Examples of ER include hosts adapting to novel pathogens that could otherwise lead to extinction. We develop predictive theory ... Drivers of the likelihood of evolutionary rescue in response to novel infectious diseases doi:10.1073/pnas.2614169123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Laurinne J. BalstadMarissa L. Baskettahttps://ror.org/05rrcem69Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616bhttps://ror.org/05rrcem69Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2614169123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614169123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612777123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceHow complex patterns emerge from initially uniform groups of cells is a central question in biology. Planar cell polarity (PCP) aligns cells across tissues and is essential for proper development, yet how this coordinated asymmetry first ... Synthetic reconstitution of planar polarity initiation reveals principles of symmetry breaking across scales doi:10.1073/pnas.2612777123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Leah A. WallachConnor ThomasPulin Liahttps://ror.org/042nb2s44Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139bhttps://ror.org/04vqm6w82Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612777123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612777123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2600331123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceTipping points are abrupt and often irreversible shifts in complex systems, like the Earth’s climate or fluid flows. We introduce a machine learning framework to forecast future tipping points. While most prior works predict tipping points in ... Tipping point forecasting in nonstationary dynamics on function spaces doi:10.1073/pnas.2600331123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Miguel Liu-SchiaffiniClare E. SingerNikola KovachkiSze Chai LeungHyunji Jane BaeKamyar AzizzadenesheliAnima Anandkumarahttps://ror.org/05dxps055Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125bhttps://ror.org/02ttsq026University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309chttps://ror.org/03jdj4y14Nvidia Corporation, Santa Clara, CA 95051 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2600331123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2600331123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609628123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe time-energy resolution and sensitivity are long-standing bottlenecks in ultrafast science. These possess limitations in studying the excited-state dynamics including nonadiabatic transitions in semiconductors and molecular aggregates, ... Quantum-enhanced sensing of molecular excited-state dynamics with correlated photons doi:10.1073/pnas.2609628123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Jiahao Joel FanFeihong LiuDangyuan LeiShaul MukamelZhedong ZhangaDepartment of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinabShenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, ChinacDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinadDepartment of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697eDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2609628123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609628123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615739123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceBalancing the benefits of social contact against infection risks is a fundamental challenge faced throughout human evolution. Prior work proposes that this trade-off is embedded in mental processes that track the interpersonal value of social ... Interpersonal value regulates infection-risky social contact across 61 societies doi:10.1073/pnas.2615739123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Hongyu SunGiuliana SpadaroSofia PelicaRoza G. KamiloğluLoes AbrahamsJoshua M. AckermanSavannah AdamsLaith Al-ShawafAlexandra AlvergneBenjamin AmponsahNjål AndersenJan AntfolkDerya Atamtürk DuyarSongshi BaiMaría Teresa BarbatoSergio BarbosaPat BarclayD. Vaughn BeckerBeatriz B. de SouzaPaulo Sérgio BoggioRobert BöhmWatcharaporn BoonyasiriwatAndrea S. Camperio CianiAli Rıza CanTrevor I. CaseKai Qin ChanLuis Sebastian Contreras-HuertaPaul ConwayCoralie ChevallierÉloïse CôtéSam P. DaleFlorencio Delgado EspinozaDaniela DlouháIzzet DuyarChristian T. ElbækQiran FanAna María FernándezDiogo C. S. FerreiraDaniel M. T. FesslerPablo Ezequiel Flores-KanterNatalia FrankowskaAna Luísa FreitasMárta FülöpMarcello GallucciZachary H. GarfieldMargarida V. GarridoEkmel GecerMacarena González-PortillaDmitry GrigoryevMinh-Tri HaBrahim HamdaouiSahar Nadeem HamidLina S. HanssonJan HavlíčekBenjamin E. HilbigIan HohmSzilárd HolkaMinsung HongYutaka HoritaHsin-Ping HsuYoel InbarKeiko IshiiOlivia M. JamesTomasz JarmakowskiTingting JiWilliam Jiménez-LealShanmukh KambleŠárka KaňkováSonya KarabeliovaHonnête-Nyandu KasaliJinseok P. KimToko KiyonariJohn Manuel R. KliatchkoNils KöbisFerenc KocsorTobias L. KordsmeyerTom R. KupferLorena Lázaro CuestaChristine Xiang Ru LeongDavid M. G. LewisDebra LiebermanHongtao LiuHernán López-MoralesClaudio López-CalleIngunn Olea LundFiorella MacchiavelloOlga MarchenkoUrszula M. MarcinkowskaGabriela Mariana MarcuNorbert MeskóSuyash MishraKaloyan MitevAsako MiuraFredy S. Monge RodríguezLeticia Y. MorelloBruna E. F. MotaDamian R. MurrayFelix-kingsley ObialoOluyinka OjedokunMats J. OlssonGonzalo Palomo-VélezFolco PanizzaFernanda Naomi PantaleãoLars PenkeDaniel PennAndrea PerinettiGerasimos ProdromitisÁdám PutzAngelica Quiroga-GarzaNagireddy Neelakanteswar ReddyMarc Eric S. ReyesFelipe Rojas-ThomasRachel RothschildKaelyn SabreeFatima Zahra SahliCécile SarabianAndré SarmentoYa Hui Michelle SeeTheresia Julius ShavegaZubaida ShebaniAgnes SianiparDivita SinghSajjad SojoudiFrancisco Leonardo Soler-AnguianoAnna SoveriRichard J. StevensonSteve Stewart-WilliamsFerran SuayEunkook M. SuhJean-Roger Syayipuma KambereOhad SzepsenwolCarmit T. TadmorTair Tager-ShafrirElahe Tavakoli-BergShruti TewariArnaud TognettiAntonia TsitseliIgnacio Leandro UriarteMartijn Van HeelFlorian van LeeuwenAlfio VenturaJin WangX. T. WangJoseph WattsJunhui WuSu-Ling YehEric Kenson YauVictoria Wai Lan YeungJanis H. ZickfeldJoshua M. Tyburahttps://ror.org/008xxew50Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The NetherlandsbInstitute for Brain and Behavior, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The Netherlandschttps://ror.org/04b8v1s79Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg 5037 AB, The Netherlandsdhttps://ror.org/00jmfr291Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109eDepartment of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918fhttps://ror.org/01ahyrz84Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, Toulouse School of Economics, University of Toulouse Capitole, Toulouse 31080 Cedex 6, Franceghttps://ror.org/046b3cj80Institute for Evolutionary Sciences, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, École Pratique des Hautes Études, Montpellier 34095 Cedex 5, Francehhttps://ror.org/052gg0110School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6PE, United Kingdomihttps://ror.org/01r22mr83Psychology Department, University of Ghana, Legon LG 25, Ghanajhttps://ror.org/05xg72x27Department of International Business, Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet, Ålesund 7491, Norwaykhttps://ror.org/029pk6x14Psychology, Department of Humanities, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20500, Finlandlhttps://ror.org/03a5qrr21Department of Anthropology, İstanbul University, Istanbul 34452, Türkiyemhttps://ror.org/03j7v5j15State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, Chinanhttps://ror.org/05qbk4x57Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Chinaohttps://ror.org/02ma57s91Laboratorio de Evolucion y Relaciones Interpersonales, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chilephttps://ror.org/0108mwc04Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111711, Colombiaqhttps://ror.org/01r7awg59Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canadarhttps://ror.org/03efmqc40Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287shttps://ror.org/006nc8n95Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazilthttps://ror.org/03swz6y49National Institute of Science and Technology on Social and Affective Neuroscience, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo 01302-907, Braziluhttps://ror.org/03prydq77Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austriavhttps://ror.org/054pv6659Department of Banking and Finance, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austriawhttps://ror.org/028wp3y58The Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailandxhttps://ror.org/00240q980Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padua, Padua 35131, Italyyhttps://ror.org/056hcgc41Department of Anthropology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay 31060, Turkeyzhttps://ror.org/01sf06y89School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, AustraliaaaDepartment of Psychology, James Cook University, Singapore 387380, Singaporebbhttps://ror.org/0326knt82Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chilecchttps://ror.org/03p4pbx79Center of Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies, Santiago 7500011, Chileddhttps://ror.org/01ryk1543School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdomeehttps://ror.org/02d9dg697Institut Jean Nicod, Département d’études Cognitives, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, CNRS, Paris 75005, Franceffhttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canadagghttps://ror.org/00r4sry34School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australiahhhttps://ror.org/01r2c3v86Anthropology Department, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170901, Ecuadoriihttps://ror.org/024d6js02Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 128 00, Czech Republicjjhttps://ror.org/01aj84f44Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8210, Denmarkkkhttps://ror.org/04vmvtb21Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118llhttps://ror.org/028ka0n85Psychology Department, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Brazilmmhttps://ror.org/046rm7j60Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095nnhttps://ror.org/046rm7j60University of California, Los Angeles Center for Behavior, Evolution and Culture, Los Angeles, CA 90095oohttps://ror.org/046rm7j60University of California, Los Angeles Bedari Kindness Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095pphttps://ror.org/05rcf8d17Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Continental, Lima 15046, Peruqqhttps://ror.org/0407f1r36Department of Social Psychology, Szkoła Wyższa Psychologii Społecznej University, Warsaw 03-815, Polandrrhttps://ror.org/0407f1r36Center for Research on Biological Basis of Social Behavior, Szkoła Wyższa Psychologii Społecznej University, Warsaw 03-815, Polandsshttps://ror.org/04q42nz13Hungarian Research Network Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungarytthttps://ror.org/03efbq855Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Budapest 1091, Hungaryuuhttps://ror.org/01ynf4891Department of Psychology, Università Degli Studi Di Milano-Bicocca, Milan 20126, ItalyvvAfrica Institute for Research in Economics and Social Sciences, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Rabat 11103, Moroccowwhttps://ror.org/01bsb8064Department of Psychology, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social, Lisbon 1649-026, Portugalxxhttps://ror.org/02kswqa67Psychology Department, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Türkiyeyyhttps://ror.org/043nxc105Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia 46010, Spainzzhttps://ror.org/055f7t516Center for Socio-Cultural Research, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) University, Moscow 101000, RussiaaaaSchool of Business, International University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnambbbhttps://ror.org/00waaqh38Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnamccchttps://ror.org/02wj89n04Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra 14000, Moroccodddhttps://ror.org/03w2j5y17School of Social Sciences & Humanities, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistaneeehttps://ror.org/056d84691Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Swedenfffhttps://ror.org/056d84691Osher Center for Integrative Health, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Swedenggghttps://ror.org/05f0yaq80Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Swedenhhhhttps://ror.org/024d6js02Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 128 00, Czech RepubliciiiDepartment of Psychology, University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau 76829, Germanyjjjhttps://ror.org/03rmrcq20Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canadakkkhttps://ror.org/01g9ty582Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1083, Hungarylllhttps://ror.org/01wjejq96Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Koreammmhttps://ror.org/01gaw2478Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Hachioji City 192-0395, Japannnnhttps://ror.org/01b8kcc49Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwanooohttps://ror.org/04chrp450Department of Cognitive and Psychological Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japanppphttps://ror.org/0102mm775Department of Social and Environmental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń 87-100, Polandqqqhttps://ror.org/036trcv74School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, ChinarrrPsychology Department, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, ColombiasssCognition Lab, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombiattthttps://ror.org/05ajnv358Department of Psychology, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, IndiauuuDepartment of Psychology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia 1504, Bulgariavvvhttps://ror.org/04sjchr03École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A, CanadawwwFaculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l’Éducation, Université Libre des Pays Des Grands Lacs, Goma B.P. 368, République Démocratique du Congoxxxhttps://ror.org/00ayhx656School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, United Kingdomyyyhttps://ror.org/002rw7y37Department of Social Informatics, Aoyama Gakuin University, Kanagawa 150-8366, Japanzzzhttps://ror.org/00d25af97Department of Behavioral Science, Faculty of Arts and Letters, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, PhilippinesaaaaResearch Center Trustworthy Data Science and Security, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germanybbbbhttps://ror.org/02pp7px91Center for Humans and Machines, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin 14195, Germanycccchttps://ror.org/037b5pv06Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Pécs, Pecs 7624, Hungaryddddhttps://ror.org/01y9bpm73Institute of Psychology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen 37073, Germanyeeeehttps://ror.org/05ehdmg18Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, Göttingen 37073, Germanyffffhttps://ror.org/04xyxjd90Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, United Kingdomgggghttps://ror.org/055eqsb67Faculty of Medicine, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata B7600, ArgentinahhhhSchool of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih 43500, Malaysiaiiiihttps://ror.org/00r4sry34Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australiajjjjhttps://ror.org/02dgjyy92Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146kkkkhttps://ror.org/055eqsb67Institute of Basic and Applied Psychology and Technology, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata B7600, Argentinallllhttps://ror.org/04r23zn56Department of Education, University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuadormmmmhttps://ror.org/046nvst19PsychGen Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, and Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0213, Norwaynnnnhttps://ror.org/01xtthb56Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo 0373, Norwayoooohttps://ror.org/020z26690Laboratory for Cognitive Studies of Communication, Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow 119034, Russiapppphttps://ror.org/03bqmcz70Department of Environmental Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 31-531, Polandqqqqhttps://ror.org/026gdz537Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu 550024, RomaniarrrrScientific Research Group in Neuroscience “Dr. Gheorghe Preda” Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Sibiu 550082, Romaniasssshttps://ror.org/02j8pmw82Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Management Indore, Indore 453556, Indiatttthttps://ror.org/035t8zc32Graduate School of Human Sciences, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japanuuuuhttps://ror.org/01qckj285Department of Psychology, Universidade Da Coruña, A Coruña 15071, SpainvvvvPeople-Environment Research Group, Centro de Innovación Tecnolóxica en Edificación E Enxeñería Civil, A Coruña 15071, SpainwwwwSocial and Affective Neuroscience National Institute, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazilxxxxhttps://ror.org/00dv99552Centre for Creativity and Entrepreneurial Studies, Dominican University Ibadan, Ibadan 200213, Nigeriayyyyhttps://ror.org/04e27p903Department of Pure and Applied Psychology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko 342111, Nigeriazzzzhttps://ror.org/00g0p6g84Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africaaaaaahttps://ror.org/012p63287Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen 9712 TS, The NetherlandsbbbbbMolecular Mind Laboratory, Institutions, Markets, Technologies School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca 55100, Italyccccchttps://ror.org/056ddyv20Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens 176 71, Greecedddddhttps://ror.org/037b5pv06Department of Cognitive and Evolutionary Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs 7624, Hungaryeeeeehttps://ror.org/02arnxw97Department of Psychology, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García 66238, Mexicofffffhttps://ror.org/02swff503Division of Social Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad 380009, Indiaggggghttps://ror.org/00d25af97Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippineshhhhhhttps://ror.org/046rm7j60Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095iiiiiLaboratory of Interdisciplinary Sport Sciences, Institut des Métiers du Sport, University Ibn Tofaïl, Kénitra 14000, Moroccojjjjjhttps://ror.org/053fq8t95Biosciences Department, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, United KingdomkkkkkDepartment of Communication Studies, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon 1069-061, Portugallllllhttps://ror.org/01tgyzw49Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singaporemmmmmhttps://ror.org/02m6yfe37Department of Psychology and Special Education, The Open University of Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam 14110, Tanzaniannnnnhttps://ror.org/04wq8zb47Psychology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Omanooooohttps://ror.org/0116zj450Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, Indonesiappppphttps://ror.org/0116zj450Cognition, Affect and Well-Being Lab, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, Indonesiaqqqqqhttps://ror.org/02swff503School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad 380009, Indiarrrrrhttps://ror.org/01tmp8f25Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, MexicosssssDomaine des Sciences Psychologiques et de l’Éducation, Université Officielle de Ruwenzori, Butembo B.P. 560, République Démocratique du Congottttthttps://ror.org/05qz2dz14Department of Education and Educational Counseling, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel 1930600, Israeluuuuuhttps://ror.org/05qz2dz14Center for Psychobiological Research, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel 1930600, Israelvvvvvhttps://ror.org/04mhzgx49Department of Organizational Behavior, Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israelwwwwwhttps://ror.org/051escj72Center for Environmental Economics – Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Institut Agro, Montpellier 34060, FrancexxxxxInterzonal Specialized Maternal and Child Hospital ‘Vitorio Tetamanti’, Mar del Plata B7600, Argentinayyyyyhttps://ror.org/006e5kg04Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, BelgiumzzzzzResearch Center Trustworthy Data Science and Security, University Alliance Ruhr, Duisburg 47057, Germanyaaaaaahttps://ror.org/04mz5ra38Faculty of Computer Science, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germanybbbbbbhttps://ror.org/02d5ks197School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, Chinacccccchttps://ror.org/03y7q9t39School of Psychology Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealandddddddhttps://ror.org/02a33b393Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germanyeeeeeehttps://ror.org/05bqach95Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwanffffffhttps://ror.org/0563pg902Department of Psychology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong 999077, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2615739123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615739123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605155123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceHuman-mediated species domestication has been central to the development of civilization, with well-known examples in plants and animals. Microbes have also been domesticated, often unintentionally and before the advent of modern microbiology. ... The historical domestication of a Clostridium botulinum strain used for the industrial production of botulinum neurotoxin doi:10.1073/pnas.2605155123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Paul KeimRoxanne NottinghamMiriam A. GuevaraEly F. MillerAmy J. VoglerCharles H. D. WilliamsonTheresa SmithRichard G. PosnerSabine PellettRichard E. LenskiJason W. Sahlahttps://ror.org/0272j5188The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011bhttps://ror.org/0272j5188Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011chttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706dhttps://ror.org/05hs6h993Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2605155123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605155123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606947123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceZn2+is involved in higher-order brain functions, yet its precise roles remain unclear owing to the lack of analysis with synapse-level spatial resolution in vivo. Here, we converted synapse-localized endogenous neuroreceptors into ... Imaging and recording of synaptic zinc in the brain by covalent chemistry–based semisynthetic biosensors doi:10.1073/pnas.2606947123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Hao ZhuSeiji SakamotoKeisuke NakamuraChengli QiuKohei NakajimaHiroshi NonakaItaru Hamachiahttps://ror.org/02kpeqv85Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japanbhttps://ror.org/035t8zc32Division of Synthetic Chemistry for Molecular Systems, SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), The University of Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japanchttps://ror.org/02kpeqv85Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japandhttps://ror.org/00dtr7z10Biomolecular Organization Chemistry Research Section, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606947123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606947123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533604123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceSpermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are essential for reproductive fitness, yet how their precursors are selected during development is not known. Using a mouse model, this study describes high levels of cellular damage within a subset of male ... In mice, a population of male germ cells shows characteristics of nonapoptotic cell death during G0 arrest doi:10.1073/pnas.2533604123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Kara StarkTalia HatkevichEdward A. MiaoTomokazu SoumaBlanche Capelahttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710bhttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710chttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710dhttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710eDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2533604123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533604123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2534171123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceWhen it comes to the health of a pregnancy and the child, the mother has long been the focus. However, an accumulation of evidence from animal models indicates that a father’s health and exposures are equally important. For humans, it remains ... Altered sperm DNA methylation provides an epigenetic route from overweight and older men to intergenerational disease transmission doi:10.1073/pnas.2534171123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Mathieu SchulzXiaojian ShaoRomain LambrotChristine LafleurDonovan ChanMarie-Charlotte DumargneAmanda J. MacFarlaneSergey MoskovtsevGuillaume BourqueTomi PastinenClifford LibrachHope WeilerJacquetta TraslerSarah Kimminsahttps://ror.org/0161xgx34Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canadabhttps://ror.org/04mte1k06Digital Technologies Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canadachttps://ror.org/03c4mmv16Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canadadhttps://ror.org/04pemf943Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canadaehttps://ror.org/035b05819Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmarkfhttps://ror.org/05p8nb362Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, CanadagCReATe Fertility Clinic Center, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canadahhttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canadaihttps://ror.org/01pxwe438McGill Genome Center, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canadajhttps://ror.org/04zfmcq84Genomic medicine Center, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108khttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1E2, Canadalhttps://ror.org/05p8nb362Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food and Nutrition Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa K1A 0K9, Canadamhttps://ror.org/04pemf943Departments of Pediatrics, Human Genetics, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canadanhttps://ror.org/01pxwe438Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2534171123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2534171123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612352123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThis study reveals a previously unrecognized regulatory mechanism in arthropod immunity by showing that promoter G-quadruplex (G4) structures function as active architectural elements that control immune gene expression. By identifying a G4 ... A promoter G-quadruplex recruits Hrb27C to regulate NEMO and immune defense against Lyme disease pathogens in the deer tick doi:10.1073/pnas.2612352123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Bo LyuXuyuan GaoDeborah M. AndersonDavid StanleyQisheng Songahttps://ror.org/02ymw8z06Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211bhttps://ror.org/02ymw8z06Department of Pathobiology & Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211chttps://ror.org/01na82s61Biological Control of Insect Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Station, Columbia, MO 65203 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612352123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612352123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2525138123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceTrustworthy uncertainty quantification is key for responsible data science and AI (including data-driven decision-making). Traditional statistical inference methods require specifying an underlying generative model and are often not robust to ... PCS-UQ: Uncertainty quantification via the Predictability–Computability–Stability framework doi:10.1073/pnas.2525138123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Abhineet AgarwalFange XiaoRebecca BarterOmer RonenBoyu FanBin Yuahttps://ror.org/01an7q238Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720bhttps://ror.org/03r0ha626Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108chttps://ror.org/01an7q238Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2525138123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2525138123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616035123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceDeposition of a functional suberin layer in response to wounding requires specific wound-induced peroxidases that function to polymerize phenolic monomers into a lignin-like poly(phenolic) polymer. Without the deposition of poly(phenolics), ... Poly(phenolic) deposition is a prerequisite to poly(aliphatic) deposition for functional potato suberin doi:10.1073/pnas.2616035123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Mina EsfandiariIdunnuayo AlabiSangeeta DhaubhadelMark A. Bernardsahttps://ror.org/02grkyz14Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canadabhttps://ror.org/02e9w7q14London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2616035123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616035123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2620524123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificancePathogenic fungi must overcome host-imposed trace-metal starvation, known as nutritional immunity, to establish successful infections. This study uncovers a remarkable dual-track survival mechanism inBeauveria bassianathat strictly ... Nuclear BbAtg8 interacts with BbMac1 as a transcriptional modulator to sustain nuclear copper homeostasis during conidial germination doi:10.1073/pnas.2620524123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Jinli DingGuangxia QiDan YeBin LiMin LuMingguang FengQing CaiShenghua Yingahttps://ror.org/03a60m280Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Chinabhttps://ror.org/00a2xv884Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Chinachttps://ror.org/023b72294College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2620524123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2620524123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604945123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceTo survive, organisms must sense available nutrients and adjust their metabolic output accordingly. One way to accomplish this is by linking nutrition to translation. Here, we demonstrate that plants lacking a sulfur group in three tRNAs ... Loss of tRNA uridine thiolation affects mRNA translation, protein production, and metabolite accumulation in Arabidopsis doi:10.1073/pnas.2604945123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Arnaud DannfaldAdrien CadoudalMarie-Christine CarpentierRémy MerretQuentin RigalJérôme VialaretAurore AttinaJana KindermansSonia Garcia LlorensChristina BerrissouLisa TritschAnna KoprivovaBastian WelterVirginie MarchandPhilipp WesthoffAlexandre DavidChristophe HirtzYuri MotorinJean-Jacques FavoryStanislav KoprivaLaurence DrouardJean-Marc Deragonahttps://ror.org/038207k30CNRS Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes-UMR5096, Perpignan 66860, Francebhttps://ror.org/038207k30Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes-UMR5096, Perpignan 66860, Francechttps://ror.org/00pg6eq24Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67084, Francedhttps://ror.org/051escj72Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy-Plateforme de Protéomique Clinique, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier 34090, Franceehttps://ror.org/00rcxh774Institute for Plant Sciences and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne 50674, Germanyfhttps://ror.org/04yc2e502Université de Lorraine, Service Mutualisé de Plateformes Ingénierie-Biologie-Santé en Lorraine, Epitranscriptomic RNA Sequencing Core facility and Ingénierie Moléculaire, Cellulaire et Physiopathologie, UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, Franceghttps://ror.org/024z2rq82Plant Metabolism and Metabolomics Facility, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germanyhhttps://ror.org/051escj72Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierInstitut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier 34090, France Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2604945123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604945123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626934123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceFunctional nanomaterials can contain hydrophobic imaging or therapeutic groups that increase nonspecific protein adsorption. Although antifouling polymers are used to reduce these effects, their influence extends beyond suppressing protein ... Controlled functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals directs polymer-specific protein coronas and immune cell interactions doi:10.1073/pnas.2626934123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Richard FukuPaolo GiulianaYang LiuBalmiki KumarKaran MalhotraVivian JiangAbootaleb SedighiPatrick T. GunningLandon J. EdgarMitchell A. Winnikahttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canadabhttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canadachttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canadadhttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canadaehttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626934123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626934123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603666123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceTraditionally, models of intracellular mechanochemistry are intuited from perturbative experiments. Multiplex microscopy imaging changes this by providing measurements of naturally fluctuating densities of key proteins in unperturbed cells. We ... Reconstructing actin dynamics of the leading edge from observational data doi:10.1073/pnas.2603666123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Wenzheng ShiChristopher E. MilesJungsik NohGaudenz DanuserAlex MogilneraCourant Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10012bhttps://ror.org/03r0ha626Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112chttps://ror.org/05byvp690Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390dInstitute of Human Biology, Basel CH-4058, Switzerlandehttps://ror.org/0190ak572Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10012 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2603666123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603666123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2630333123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceClimate change is reshaping species’ performance, reproduction, and geographic distributions, yet predicting these responses is challenging for many organisms. For ectotherms, performance can often be predicted from environmental temperature, ... Thermal imbalance drives avian performance and responses to climate warming doi:10.1073/pnas.2630333123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Cody K. PorterDavid R. AdamsOfir LevyNathan UrinovskyEric A. Riddellahttps://ror.org/04rswrd78Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010bhttps://ror.org/03chnr738Biology Department, Hope College, Holland, MI 49423chttps://ror.org/029bp0k25Biology Department, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AK 72035dhttps://ror.org/04mhzgx49School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israelehttps://ror.org/0130frc33Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2630333123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2630333123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621291123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificancePaired fins and limbs enabled vertebrates to explore new modes of movement and ecological opportunity, but how the developmental system that builds these structures was assembled remains unresolved. Here, we show that posterior Hox genes, long ... A conserved Hox9–10 code underlies the early establishment of hind appendage progenitors in zebrafish and the Iberian ribbed newt doi:10.1073/pnas.2621291123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Hidemichi NakazawaKohei UrakawaAkiteru MaenoTowa FujibayashiMizuki IshizakaAtsuki IshizuTouma AsanoHaruka MatsubaraTakashi TakeuchiIkuko WatakabeShin-ichi HigashijimaGembu AbeAkinori Kawamuraahttps://ror.org/02evnh647Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, JapanbIntegrated Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japanchttps://ror.org/02xg1m795Cell Architecture Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japandhttps://ror.org/024yc3q36Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Functional Morphology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japanehttps://ror.org/05q8wtt20Division of Behavioral Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japanfhttps://ror.org/005t7z309Neuronal Networks Research Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2621291123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621291123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602028123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceTo investigate mechanisms that regulate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication, it is essential to quantify mtDNA replication rates in a way that accurately reflects the proportion of newly replicating mtDNA among multiple copies over defined ... Quiescence to proliferation transition regulates asynchronous mitochondrial DNA replication dynamics doi:10.1073/pnas.2602028123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Kiyoshi MiyagawaNoriko Hosoyaahttps://ror.org/057zh3y96Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2602028123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602028123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609978123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceLarge language models (LLMs) build and manipulate internal representations of language to respond to prompts. Recent works showed that representations of semantic notions (concepts) can be extracted from LLMs and used to steer responses toward ... Efficient and accurate steering of large language models through attention-guided feature learning doi:10.1073/pnas.2609978123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Parmida DavarmaneshAshia WilsonAdityanarayanan Radhakrishnanahttps://ror.org/042nb2s44Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142bhttps://ror.org/042nb2s44Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142chttps://ror.org/042nb2s44Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2609978123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609978123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2627551123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceWe report a mechanism of interorganelle Ca2+signaling inTrypanosoma cruzi. We show that TcPiezo2, a mechano/osmosensitive Piezo channel uniquely localized to lysosomes, mediates Ca2+transfer to mitochondria at defined lysosome–mitochondrion ... Membrane contact activation of Piezo2 drives lysosome–mitochondrion Ca2+ transfer and signaling in Trypanosoma cruzi doi:10.1073/pnas.2627551123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Guozhong HuangRoberto DocampoaCenter for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2627551123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2627551123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532180123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceHuman-made infrastructures are vulnerable to external stressors (e.g., due to climate), and their interaction can generate perturbations affecting system functionality. Even localized perturbations can propagate to remote parts of the system ... Systemic collapse emergence from climate-induced perturbations in transportation networks doi:10.1073/pnas.2532180123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Mauro FaccinTomas ScagliariniManlio De Domenicoahttps://ror.org/00240q980Department of Physics and Astronomy “Galileo Galilei”, University of Padova, Padova 35131, ItalybIstituto Nationale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, Padova 35131, Italy Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2532180123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532180123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604040123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceHigh-dimensional energy landscapes are ubiquitous across physics, chemistry, and modern machine learning. Understanding their geometry holds the key to both fundamental and practical advances in these fields. In particular, strong claims have ... The basins of attraction of soft-sphere packings are not fractal doi:10.1073/pnas.2604040123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Praharsh SuryadevaraMathias CasiulisStefano Martinianiahttps://ror.org/0190ak572Department of Physics, Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, NY 10003bhttps://ror.org/0190ak572Department of Chemistry, Simons Center for Computational Physical Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003chttps://ror.org/0190ak572Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003dhttps://ror.org/0190ak572Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003ehttps://ror.org/0190ak572Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10003 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2604040123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604040123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621525123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceRNA degradation is fundamental to bacterial gene regulation, yet degradosome organization within individual cells remains poorly understood. We show that theEscherichia colidegradosome is not a static molecular assembly but is organized ... Dynamic partitioning shapes the in vivo organization of the Escherichia coli RNA degradosome doi:10.1073/pnas.2621525123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Laura TroyerYu-Huan WangKevin WuSeunghyeon KimSangjin Kimahttps://ror.org/047426m28Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801bhttps://ror.org/047426m28Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2621525123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621525123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626241123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceImmunoglobulin A (IgA) is the main antibody guarding our mucosal surfaces. Many gut bacteria escape this defense with peptidases that cleave the hinge of the IgA1 subclass, but spare the colon-dominant IgA2 subclass. IgAse from the commensal... A “knob-in-hole” gate in the antibody CH1 domain underlies subclass-independent IgA hinge cleavage by the commensal metallopeptidase IgAse doi:10.1073/pnas.2626241123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Juan Sebastián Ramírez-LarrotaGuillem Arasa EstivillMario López-MartínGregory EffantinMarcos GrageraCarlos Óscar Sánchez SorzanoEnrique MarcosUlrich EckhardFrancesc Xavier Gomis-Rüthahttps://ror.org/02gfc7t72Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spainbhttps://ror.org/02gfc7t72Synthetic Structural Biology Group, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spainchttps://ror.org/021018s57Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spaindhttps://ror.org/02gfc7t72Protein Design and Modelling, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas), Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spainehttps://ror.org/03949e763Methods and Electron Microscopy Group, University Grenoble-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Integrated Structural Biology Grenoble, Grenoble 38044, Francefhttps://ror.org/02gfc7t72Biocomputing Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas), Campus Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco 28049, Spain Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626241123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626241123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621286123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceAlthough the dualistic nature of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cellular health is well recognized, the precise mechanisms controlling this delicate balance remain elusive. We address this fundamental gap by demonstrating that S-adenosyl-L-... S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine triggers an adaptive response that extends lifespan through the YBT1 ABC transporter doi:10.1073/pnas.2621286123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Koji MasumuraSayaka KawasakiMayu TsutsumiHiiro YamashitaMuneyoshi KanaiHaruto NakajoWakaba YagiShoma KatsunoiKaori YoneyamaMiyuki Kawano-KawadaTakayuki SekitoTakafumi OgawaTomoyoshi SogaMasaki Mizunumaahttps://ror.org/03t78wx29Laboratory of Healthy Aging, Unit of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japanbhttps://ror.org/04wd29d63Brewing Microbiology Division, National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, JapancLaboratory of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japandhttps://ror.org/02evnh647Research and Development Bureau, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japanehttps://ror.org/017hkng22Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japanfhttps://ror.org/017hkng22Division of Genetic Research Support, the Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japanghttps://ror.org/02kn6nx58Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japanhhttps://ror.org/02kn6nx58Human Biology-Microbiome-Quantum Research Center, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japanihttps://ror.org/03t78wx29Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2621286123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621286123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2619615123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceAlthough mitochondria are recognized for their role in energy production, many mitochondrial proteins show tissue-specific expression patterns and their physiological functions remain unknown. Using a systematic analysis of tissue-enriched ... A muscle-enriched mitochondrial protein regulates postnatal heart growth through mitonuclear ubiquinone–PPAR signaling doi:10.1073/pnas.2619615123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Kentaro HiroseXiaoxin ChenChakrapani KalyanaramanMark T. WaddinghamMakoto NakamuraFeng ZhangChristina ChenShun YaoSteven ChangHongyao YuJiajia WangEmanuele BarcaHaruko NakanoAustin HsuSheamin KhyeamSara Gonzalez OrtegaKazuki TajimaTakeshi YoneshiroHao ZhangArun PadmanabhanShingo KajimuraSaptarsi HaldarAtsushi NakanoMasatoshi MuraiYoshitaka FujiharaKinya OtsuCatarina M. QuinziiMatthew P. JacobsonGuang HuJames T. PearsonGuo N. Huangahttps://ror.org/043mz5j54Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158bhttps://ror.org/043mz5j54Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158chttps://ror.org/043mz5j54Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158dhttps://ror.org/043mz5j54Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158ehttps://ror.org/01v55qb38Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita 564-8565, Osaka, Japanfhttps://ror.org/013meh722Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, United Kingdomghttps://ror.org/043mz5j54Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158hNine Square Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080ihttps://ror.org/00j4k1h63Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709jhttps://ror.org/01esghr10Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032khttps://ror.org/046rm7j60Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095lhttps://ror.org/038321296Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158mhttps://ror.org/043mz5j54University of California, San Francisco Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA 94143nhttps://ror.org/043mz5j54Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158ohttps://ror.org/04drvxt59Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215phttps://ror.org/02kpeqv85Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japanqhttps://ror.org/01v55qb38Department of Advanced Medical Technologies, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japanrhttps://ror.org/01v55qb38Office of the President, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2619615123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2619615123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611368123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThere is growing concern that advanced AI could influence people at scale, yet nearly all evidence on AI persuasion measures changes in attitude rather than actual behavior. We conducted experiments in which conversational AI models persuaded ... AI can persuade people to take political actions doi:10.1073/pnas.2611368123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Kobi HackenburgLuke HewittCaroline WagnerChristopher SummerfieldBen M. Tappinahttps://ror.org/052gg0110Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United KingdombUK AI Security Institute, London SW1A 2AS, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/00f54p054Department of Sociology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305dhttps://ror.org/0090zs177The Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2611368123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611368123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602491123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceHusk leaf blades surrounding the ear directly influence grain filling, making husk leaf architecture critical for yield. We identifyHusk Extended Leaf Blade 1(HELD1) as a major regulator of husk leaf blade extension. A transposon insertion ... A transposon inserted into HELD1 repressed maize husk leaf blade extension during maize domestication doi:10.1073/pnas.2602491123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Xing JianLi DongXuan ZhangAnkush SangraZongliang ChenJiacheng LiuYang SongGuorui FanLe XuTianyu FengMin XuQianwen ZhangYiwen YouZhaoying WangRobert J. SchmitzAndrea GallavottiZhongwei Linahttps://ror.org/04v3ywz14State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-Breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, Chinabhttps://ror.org/04v3ywz14Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinacDepartment of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602dhttps://ror.org/05vt9qd57Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2602491123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602491123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2537819123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceCities are decisive arenas for sustainability transformations, yet we lack sufficient understanding of how transformative changes are being framed and can emerge. By analyzing 60 coproduced scenario visions from nine cities across the Americas,... Insights from coproduced scenarios toward urban sustainability transformations doi:10.1073/pnas.2537819123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z David M. IwaniecNancy B. GrimmMarta Berbés BlázquezElizabeth M. CookTischa A. Muñoz-Ericksonahttps://ror.org/03qt6ba18Urban Studies Institute, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30313bhttps://ror.org/03efmqc40School of Life Sciences, Global Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, and Global Futures Lab, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287chttps://ror.org/01aff2v68School of Environment, Resources, and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canadadhttps://ror.org/01dhcyx48Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545ehttps://ror.org/04rt94r53Environmental Science Department, Barnard College, New York, NY 10027fhttps://ror.org/01na82s61International Institute of Tropical Forestry, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Río Piedras, PR 00926 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2537819123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2537819123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616348123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe linear relationship between tail-beat frequency and swimming speed in fish, first quantified by Bainbridge, is an empirical cornerstone of animal locomotion. Prior scaling explains why linearity appears at high Reynolds numbers, but not ... Physical origins of speed control in swimming fishes doi:10.1073/pnas.2616348123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Jung-Hee SeoJi ZhouAshley N. PetersonMatthew J. McHenryValentina Di SantoRajat Mittalahttps://ror.org/00za53h95Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218bhttps://ror.org/00pjdza24Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697chttps://ror.org/0168r3w48Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Marine Biology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2616348123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616348123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2618288123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceDietary omega-3 fatty acids have long been associated with reduced cancer progression, but the mechanisms linking lipid composition to tumor immunity remain poorly understood. Using orthotopic pancreatic cancer models, lipidomics, spatial ... Omega-3 fatty acids reprogram tumor-associated macrophage cytokine signaling and suppress pancreatic cancer growth doi:10.1073/pnas.2618288123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Stephen SakumaSteven ZhaoAndrew HildrethGloria LiuValisha ShahMing SunShirong TanEmily JacobsMichael A. LaPortaJesse FurguieleNatalia Avina-OchoaAnna-Maria GlobigVictoria TrippleGeraldine MaierSatchidananda PandaMichelle L. ReyzerJing X. KangDavid W. L. MaMatthew RodehefferSaame Raza ShaikhSusan M. Kaechahttps://ror.org/03xez1567NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037bhttps://ror.org/03xez1567Regulatory Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037chttps://ror.org/02vm5rt34Department of Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232dhttps://ror.org/002pd6e78Department of Medicine, Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129eOmega-3 and Global Health Institute, Boston, MA 02129fhttps://ror.org/01r7awg59Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadagDepartment of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520hDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520ihttps://ror.org/0130frc33Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599Aaron LiuAlexander ChervonskyAlexandra CassanoAlia WelshAmir FerryAnanda GoldrathAndrea Lebron-FigueroaAnkit MalikAnna-Maria GlobigAntoine FreuchetBana JabriCharlotte ImianowskiChristophe BenoistClaire ThefaineDan KaplanDania MallahDario VignaliDavid SinclairDavid ZemmourDerek BangsDomenic AbbondanzaEnxhi FerrajEric WeissErin LucasEvelyn ChangGavyn BeeGiovanni GallettiIan MagillIliyan D. IlievJinseok ParkJoonsoo KangJordan VoisineJosh ChoiJulia MerkenschlagerJun R. HuhKatharine BlockKen CadwellKennidy K. TakeharaKevin OsumLaurent BrossayLaurent GapinLiang YangLizzie Garcia-RiveraMarc K. JenkinsMaria BrbicMaria-Luisa AlegreMarion PepperMariya LondonMatthew StephensMaurizio FiuscoMelanie VacchioMichael StarnbachMichel NussenzweigMitch KronenbergMyriam CrozeNalat SiwapornchaiNathan MorrisNicole E. ScharpingNika AbdollahiNitya MehrotraOdhran CaseyOlga Barreiro del RioPaul ThomasPeter CarbonettoRemy BosselutRocky LaiSam BeharSam BorysSara E. HamiltonSara MostafaviSara QuonSerge CandéiasShanelle ReillyShanshan ZhangSiba Smarak PanigrahiSofia KossidaStefan MuljoStefan SchattgenStefani SprangerSteve JamesonSusan M. KaechTakato KusakabeTaylor HeimTianze WangTomoyo ShinkawaUlrich von AndrianVal PiekarsaVéronique GiudicelliVijay KuchrooWoan-Yu LinZiang Zhang Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2618288123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2618288123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2526451123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceInvestigating how complex systems respond to perturbations remains a central challenge in both science and engineering. Traditional analysis methods are limited to simple, linearized systems or require explicit governing equations. We ... A neural operator framework for data-driven discovery of stability and receptivity in physical systems doi:10.1073/pnas.2526451123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Chengyun WangLiwei ChenNils ThuereyaDepartment of Computer Science, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Garching bei München D-85748, GermanybBeijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering, Beijing 100076, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2526451123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2526451123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614444123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>SignificanceBird feathers can produce brilliant, shifting colors, but how these colors form during development has remained poorly understood. By comparing the genomes of color variants of domesticated peafowl and transcriptomes during feather development ... Modulation of avian iridescence via melanogenesis doi:10.1073/pnas.2614444123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Soraia BarbosaCarina BittnerRoberto ArborePedro M. AraújoPaulo PereiraPedro AndradeCsaba FeketeRita AfonsoSandra AfonsoM. Francisca AmorimCristiana I. MarquesMichaël P. J. NicolaïJoão CaritaJindřich BrejchaRicardo J. LopesJoel M. AlvesFernando CruzJèssica Gómez-GarridoCristina ZamarreñoMarta GutTyler AliotoMuhammad Akhtar AliAndrea HilpertAnita HechtErdmann SpieckerBenjamin Apeleo ZubiriShosuke ItoKazumasa WakamatsuLeif AnderssonJoseph C. CorboNicolas VogelMiguel Carneiroahttps://ror.org/043pwc612Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, PortugalbBIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, 4485-684 Vairão, Portugalchttps://ror.org/00f7hpc57Institute of Interfaces and Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germanydhttps://ror.org/01yc7t268Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110eCentre for Functional Ecology, Science for People and Planet, Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, Coimbra 3000-456, Portugalfhttps://ror.org/01jsgmp44Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest H-1083, Hungaryghttps://ror.org/043pwc612Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugalhhttps://ror.org/00cv9y106Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgiumihttps://ror.org/02xankh89Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa 2780-157, Portugaljhttps://ror.org/024d6js02Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Praha 128 00, Czech Republickhttps://ror.org/01c27hj86Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Change and CHANGE, Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugallhttps://ror.org/052gg0110Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdommhttps://ror.org/03mynna02Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, Barcelona 08028, Spainnhttps://ror.org/021018s57Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08007, Spainohttps://ror.org/052g8jq94Facultàt de Biosciences, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spainphttps://ror.org/048a87296Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 05, Swedenqhttps://ror.org/011maz450School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistanrhttps://ror.org/00f7hpc57Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Molecular Imaging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germanyshttps://ror.org/00f7hpc57Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germanythttps://ror.org/02dby2462Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy, Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Erlangen 91058, Germanyuhttps://ror.org/046f6cx68Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japanvhttps://ror.org/01f5ytq51Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2614444123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614444123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606460123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>Recent research and advances in LLMs have led to widespread concern that AI agents could pose as human online survey-takers. However, it remains unclear how prevalent AI agents are on survey research platforms and how to effectively detect AI agents. We ... Estimating the threat of AI-agent responding across online survey platforms doi:10.1073/pnas.2606460123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Grace ZhangRobert WalatkaStephanie Y. ChenAlexander K. MooreOleg UrminskyKianté FernandezAndrea LowJonathan E. BogardCraig R. Foxahttps://ror.org/024mw5h28Marketing, University of Chicago Booth School of Business, Chicago, IL 60637bhttps://ror.org/024mw5h28Behavioral Science, University of Chicago Booth School of Business, Chicago, IL 60637chttps://ror.org/001c2sn75Marketing, London Business School, London NW1 4SA, United Kingdomdhttps://ror.org/02mpq6x41Marketing, University of Illinois Chicago College of Business Administration, Chicago, IL 60607ehttps://ror.org/046rm7j60Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095fhttps://ror.org/046rm7j60Behavioral Decision Making Area, Behavioral Decision Making Area, Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095ghttps://ror.org/01yc7t268Organizational Behavior, Olin Business School, Organizational Behavior, Olin Business School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606460123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606460123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626990123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/>Soil carbon (C) pools in nitrogen-limited temperate forests are critical to the global C cycle, but there are no long-term experiments examining soil C, with various nitrogen (N) forms. Here, a 14-y experiment (100 kg N ha−1y−1), with added N simulating ... Nitrogen deposition does not alter the temperate forest soil carbon pool: A 14-y experiment on varied nitrogen fertilization doi:10.1073/pnas.2626990123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-16T07:00:00Z Yunyu ZhangSarah E. HobbieWilliam H. SchlesingerTao Sunahttps://ror.org/034t30j35Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Chinabhttps://ror.org/05qbk4x57College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Chinachttps://ror.org/017zqws13Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108dhttps://ror.org/00py81415Division of Earth and Climate Sciences, The Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626990123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626990123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2632396123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Taylor’s law beyond finite moments: A route to dynamic financial risk doi:10.1073/pnas.2632396123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Svetlozar T. Rachevahttps://ror.org/0405mnx93Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1042 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2632396123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2632396123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2630041123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> A moveable feast: Neurons become less picky eaters after hibernation doi:10.1073/pnas.2630041123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Sonal Kediaahttps://ror.org/05abbep66Department of Biology, Volen Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2630041123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2630041123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2630936123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Domino-like propagation of localized deformation in origami structures doi:10.1073/pnas.2630936123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Shixi Zangahttps://ror.org/00hx57361Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2630936123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2630936123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2631476123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Invariances in an ever-variant environment doi:10.1073/pnas.2631476123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Priyom AdhyapokStefano Di Taliaahttps://ror.org/03njmea73Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710bhttps://ror.org/03njmea73Center for Quantitative Living Systems, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710chttps://ror.org/03njmea73Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2631476123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2631476123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2628617123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> A-to-I RNA editing–mediated stop codon read-through in Fusarium graminearum is not generally adaptive doi:10.1073/pnas.2628617123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-09T07:00:00Z Jiachen LiJianzhi Zhangahttps://ror.org/00jmfr291Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109bhttps://ror.org/00jmfr291Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2628617123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2628617123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2619925123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Ecology must shape AI before AI reshapes ecology doi:10.1073/pnas.2619925123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-09T07:00:00Z George Roffahttps://ror.org/006kh8r41Central Caribbean Marine Institute, Little Cayman KY3-2501, Cayman Islands Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2619925123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2619925123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634024123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Correction for Johnson et al., Antagonistic regulation of nitrogen and drought signaling mediated by NIN-like protein 7 transcription factor in Arabidopsis thaliana doi:10.1073/pnas.2634024123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2634024123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634024123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634303123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Correction for Blawas et al., Sprint-like cardiac dynamics support repeated acrobatic lunges in foraging rorqual whales doi:10.1073/pnas.2634303123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2634303123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634303123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634147123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Correction for Ran et al., Versatile Xenopus tropicalis model with targeted integration of human BRAFV600E doi:10.1073/pnas.2634147123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2634147123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634147123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634190123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Correction for Pan et al., SNHG26 orchestrates pro-fibrotic fibroblast maintenance via PTBP1-mediated alternative polyadenylation of AKT3 in dermal fibrosis doi:10.1073/pnas.2634190123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2634190123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634190123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2622242123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Correction for Zamorano-Dominguez et al., Systemic Kras ablation disrupts myeloid cell homeostasis in adult mice doi:10.1073/pnas.2622242123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-12T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2622242123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2622242123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2627861123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Reply to Roff: Ecological readiness must evolve with AI doi:10.1073/pnas.2627861123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-09T07:00:00Z Gayatri Mishraahttps://ror.org/05dk0ce17Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2627861123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2627861123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2630606123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Reply to Li & Zhang: Adaptive evolution of stop-loss RNA editing in Fusarium graminearum doi:10.1073/pnas.2630606123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-09T07:00:00Z Yanfei DuQinhu WangHuiquan Liuahttps://ror.org/0051rme32State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2630606123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2630606123?af=R https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634399123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 42, October 2026. <br/> Retraction for Bonetti et al., Decoding the elite soccer player’s psychological profile doi:10.1073/pnas.2634399123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-10-15T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 42 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 2026-10-20T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2634399123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2634399123?af=R