Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Most-Read Full-Text Articles https://www.pnas.org/loi/pnas?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Table of Contents Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences en-US Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences https://www.pnas.org/cms/asset/433b8ee2-291a-4032-a821-9a689e8fcaa8/default_cover.png https://www.pnas.org/loi/pnas?af=R In This Issue https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/iti3526123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> In This Issue doi:10.1073/iti3526123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/iti3526123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/iti3526123?af=R David Botstein: A pioneering geneticist and educator 1942–2026 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2625941123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>David Botstein, who died on February 27, 2026, was a towering figure in the field of modern molecular genetics. His research career was largely focused on the development of methods to better understand biological systems, beginning with his early work on ... David Botstein: A pioneering geneticist and educator 1942–2026 doi:10.1073/pnas.2625941123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Olga TroyanskayaShirley Tilghmanahttps://ror.org/00hx57361Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544bhttps://ror.org/00hx57361Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544chttps://ror.org/01cmst727Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute of the Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010dhttps://ror.org/00hx57361President and Professor of Molecular Biology and Public Affairs Emerita, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2625941123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2625941123?af=R Advances in small area population estimation in the absence of national census data https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2413993123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>Population data at small area scales are essential for effective decision-making, influencing public health, disaster response, and resource allocation, among others. While national censuses remain the cornerstone of population data, they are often ... Advances in small area population estimation in the absence of national census data doi:10.1073/pnas.2413993123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-21T07:00:00Z Andrew J. TatemGianluca BooHeather R. ChamberlainChristopher C. NnanatuEdith DarinDouglas R. LeasureOrtis YankeyAssane GadiagaSabrina JuranLuis de la Rua RodriguezJessica EspeyAttila N. Lázárahttps://ror.org/01ryk1543WorldPop, Department of Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO22 5AT, United Kingdombhttps://ror.org/052gg0110Demographic Science Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 1JD, United KingdomcLatin America and the Caribbean Regional Office, United Nations Population Fund, Panama City 07144, Panama Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2413993123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2413993123?af=R Profile of C. Robin Buell https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2625944123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>C. Robin Buell has been a leading figure in plant genomics since the advent of DNA sequencing technology. She helped lead multiple consortia to sequence some of the first crop genomes at the turn of the millennium. She has since used the genomes to tackle ... Profile of C. Robin Buell doi:10.1073/pnas.2625944123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-21T07:00:00Z Sarah C. P. Williams Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2625944123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2625944123?af=R Learning to outgrow the competition: Reaction–diffusion systems that adapt to time-dependent environments https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605428123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceAdaptive behavior in living systems relies on the interplay between learning and reproduction, yet it is unclear how these capabilities emerge and couple, starting from simple chemical processes. We introduce a minimal nonequilibrium chemical ... Learning to outgrow the competition: Reaction–diffusion systems that adapt to time-dependent environments doi:10.1073/pnas.2605428123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Olivier RivoireGuy Buninahttps://ror.org/013cjyk83Gulliver, CNRS, École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris 75005, FrancebDepartment of Physics, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2605428123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605428123?af=R Can seaweed mitigate methane from cows on a global scale? https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626533123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Can seaweed mitigate methane from cows on a global scale? doi:10.1073/pnas.2626533123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Allessandra DiCorato Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626533123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626533123?af=R The distribution and origin of Mercury’s crustal magnetization https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535723123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceOnly Mercury and Earth have magnetic fields from a core dynamo and from crustal rocks that are magnetized in the present-day and/or past core field. Magnetized crustal rocks provide a window into a planet’s magnetic history and into the ... The distribution and origin of Mercury’s crustal magnetization doi:10.1073/pnas.2535723123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-17T07:00:00Z Catherine L. JohnsonAlain M. PlattnerFilippo CicchettiKatarina Miljkovićahttps://ror.org/03rmrcq20Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canadabhttps://ror.org/05vvg9554Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719chttps://ror.org/03xrrjk67Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487dhttps://ror.org/02n415q13School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Space Science and Technology Centre, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2535723123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535723123?af=R Selective saccular plasticity under microgravity links peripheral transcriptomic remodeling to postflight vestibular dysfunction https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605593123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceLong-duration spaceflight impairs human balance, yet the underlying biological mechanisms remain elusive. This study integrates molecular profiling in mice with physiological assessments in astronauts to reveal that microgravity induces organ-... Selective saccular plasticity under microgravity links peripheral transcriptomic remodeling to postflight vestibular dysfunction doi:10.1073/pnas.2605593123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-17T07:00:00Z Chikara AbeShin-ichiro FujitaDai ShibaKunihiko TanakaChisato FujimotoShigeto TokunagaShinichi IwasakiSatoru TakahashiMasafumi MurataniHironobu Moritaahttps://ror.org/024exxj48Department of Physiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japanbhttps://ror.org/00msqp585Department of Physiology, University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japanchttps://ror.org/02956yf07Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Genome Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapandDepartment of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USAehttps://ror.org/059yhyy33Japanese Experiment Module Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japanfhttps://ror.org/059yhyy33Mouse Epigenetics Project, International Space Station/Kibo Experiment, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japanghttps://ror.org/04tcj6w24Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health and Medicine, Gifu University of Medical Science, Seki, Gifu 501-3892, Japanhhttps://ror.org/057zh3y96Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japanihttps://ror.org/04wn7wc95Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japanjhttps://ror.org/02956yf07Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, and Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2605593123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605593123?af=R Insights into Neanderthal development, childbirth, and locomotion from the Palomas and Dederiyeh pelves https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535303123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceFor decades, the “obstetrical dilemma” has been used to explain the shape of the human pelvis as a compromise between giving birth to large-brained babies and walking efficiently on two legs. Exceptionally preserved Neanderthal pelves allow us ... Insights into Neanderthal development, childbirth, and locomotion from the Palomas and Dederiyeh pelves doi:10.1073/pnas.2535303123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-17T07:00:00Z Christoph P. E. ZollikoferMarcia S. Ponce de LeónMaría Haber UriarteMariano V. LópezJon OrtegaOsamu KondoTakeru AkazawaMichael J. Walkerahttps://ror.org/02crff812Department of Informatics, University of Zurich, Zurich 8050, Switzerlandbhttps://ror.org/00y0zf565Center for Climate Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Busan 46241, Republic of Koreachttps://ror.org/03p3aeb86Department of Prehistory, Archaeology, Ancient History, Mediaeval History and Historiographical Studies, Faculty of Letters, University of Murcia, Murcia 30001, SpaindMurcian Association for the Study of Palaeoanthropology and the Quaternary, Murcia 30008, Spainehttps://ror.org/057zh3y96Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japanfhttps://ror.org/00rghrr56Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi 782-8502, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2535303123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535303123?af=R Association between precentral gyrus morphology and modality-specific intentional communication in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2419514123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceOne of the main aims of comparative studies of the brains of nonhuman primates, and chimpanzees in particular, is to understand the evolutionary basis of communication. Previous studies have shown that some captive chimpanzees intentionally ... Association between precentral gyrus morphology and modality-specific intentional communication in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) doi:10.1073/pnas.2419514123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-17T07:00:00Z Ophelie FoubetZhong Yi SunJean-François ManginChet C. SherwoodWilliam D. Hopkinsahttps://ror.org/00jjx8s55Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l‘énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab, Gaia, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, Paris, Francebhttps://ror.org/00y4zzh67Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052cDivision of Discovery Science, Department of Comparative Medicine, Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative, Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2419514123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2419514123?af=R Three millennia of lizard and snake consumption by Natufian foragers https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609354123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceOur study reveals a previously underexplored dimension of human–squamate relationship in prehistory. We present direct long-term archaeological evidence for regular butchery and consumption of squamates, documented consistently over millennia ... Three millennia of lizard and snake consumption by Natufian foragers doi:10.1073/pnas.2609354123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-17T07:00:00Z Ma’ayan LevMina Weinstein-EvronReuven Yeshurunahttps://ror.org/02f009v59School of Archaeology and Maritime Cultures, Zinman Institute of Archaeology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, IsraelbArchaeology Stable Isotope Laboratory, Institute for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, University of Kiel, Kiel 24118, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2609354123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609354123?af=R Postglacial ecosystem development of a hydrothermal landscape in Yellowstone National Park https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613422123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceYellowstone’s thermal areas are dynamic geo-ecosystems shaped by geological, climatic, and ecological processes. Analysis of lake-sediment cores from Lower Geyser Basin suggests that postglacial lakes formed in depressions created by climate-... Postglacial ecosystem development of a hydrothermal landscape in Yellowstone National Park doi:10.1073/pnas.2613422123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-17T07:00:00Z Cathy WhitlockChristopher M. SchillerSteven W. HostetlerShaul HurwitzMio AltSabrina R. BrownLauren N. HarrisonJay R. AlderKailey BuschJake ShellyDavid B. McWethyahttps://ror.org/02w0trx84Department of Earth Sciences and Institute on Ecosystems, Montana State University, Bozeman MT 59717bhttps://ror.org/02w0trx84Institute on Ecosystems, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717chttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195dhttps://ror.org/00ysfqy60College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331ehttps://ror.org/035a68863California Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, Moffett Field, CA 94035fNiswander Department of Biology, Manchester University, North Manchester, IN 46845ghttps://ror.org/03k1gpj17Department of Geosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523hhttps://ror.org/035a68863U.S. Geological Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2613422123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613422123?af=R Co-option of ancestral stem regulators drove recurrent evolution of underground storage organs https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606323123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceUnderground storage organs, including tubers, rhizomes, and storage roots, enable plants to endure environmental stress and reproduce asexually with some functioning as key edible structures and important worldwide staple food crops. While ... Co-option of ancestral stem regulators drove recurrent evolution of underground storage organs doi:10.1073/pnas.2606323123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-21T07:00:00Z Julia BroseDionne MartinYi-Wen WangJoshua C. WoodBrieanne VaillancourtJohn P. HamiltonKathrine MaillouxPatrick P. EdgerC. Robin BuellaCenter for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602bhttps://ror.org/05hs6h993Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824cDepartment of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602dInstitute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602eDepartment of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602fhttps://ror.org/05hs6h993Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824gThe Plant Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606323123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606323123?af=R YBX1 regulates RNA polymerase III transcripts to prevent inflammation https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605741123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceEndogenous nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, possess immunostimulatory features that, under normal cellular conditions, remain contained. Cellular stress, injury, or pathogenic infection releases endogenous nucleic acids to trigger innate ... YBX1 regulates RNA polymerase III transcripts to prevent inflammation doi:10.1073/pnas.2605741123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-21T07:00:00Z Tania I. StriletsSarah E. DremelMariano A. Garcia-BlancoaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555bhttps://ror.org/0153tk833Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908chttps://ror.org/0153tk833Center for RNA Science and Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2605741123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605741123?af=R Structural basis of GSDME pore formation and its regulation by S-palmitoylation https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614339123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceGasdermin E (GSDME) links apoptosis to pyroptosis, but the structural mechanism of its pore formation remains unknown. Our cryo-electron microscopy structure of the GSDME pore establishes a general framework for gasdermin-mediated membrane ... Structural basis of GSDME pore formation and its regulation by S-palmitoylation doi:10.1073/pnas.2614339123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Gang DuJulian F. EhrmannJudy LiebermanHao WuaDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115bhttps://ror.org/00dvg7y05Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115cDepartment of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2614339123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614339123?af=R Loss of epitranscriptomic mitochondrial RNA surveillance drives epithelial type I interferon and inflammation in autoimmunity https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2534325123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceEpithelial cells are central gatekeepers of immune homeostasis, yet how they lose control and initiate chronic interferon activity and inflammation in autoimmunity has remained a mystery. We uncover a critical epitranscriptomic checkpoint that ... Loss of epitranscriptomic mitochondrial RNA surveillance drives epithelial type I interferon and inflammation in autoimmunity doi:10.1073/pnas.2534325123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Alejandro Arco-HiervesKonstantina PamboukasLinda Bilonda MutalaLukasz S. BorowskiCeline MayetPaul MazetSacha E. Silva-SaffarDory VergalloAnna PaszekMarta M. DillingLaurie AskenatzisJuliette PascaudPhilippe LabrotCharlene LasgiJohannes N. SpelbrinkAlbertas NavickasThibaut NaninckNabila SeddikiArnaud TeteRoman J. SzczesnyGaetane NocturneXavier MarietteRami Becharaahttps://ror.org/03xjwb503Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, FrancebArthritis R&D, Paris 92200, Francechttps://ror.org/039bjqg32Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-106, Polanddhttps://ror.org/034tvp782Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Polandehttps://ror.org/03xjwb503Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184) Fontenay-aux-Roses 92260, Francefhttps://ror.org/05wg1m734Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, The Netherlandsghttps://ror.org/05wg1m734Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, The NetherlandshDoctoral School of Molecular Biology and Biological Chemistry at IBB PAS, Warsaw 02-106, Polandihttps://ror.org/03gnr7b55Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, BioCore, US16, SFR Bonamy, Nantes F-44000, Francejhttps://ror.org/04t0gwh46Cytometry Platform CYTPIC, Institut Curie, Orsay 91405, Francekhttps://ror.org/04t0gwh46Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3348, INSERM U1278, Orsay 91405, Francelhttps://ror.org/03r8z3t63The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australiamhttps://ror.org/021ryxk89Université Paris Cité, INSERM, Health & Functional Exposomics-HealthFex, Paris 75006, Francenhttps://ror.org/00pg5jh14Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Immuno-Rheumatology, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2534325123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2534325123?af=R SIRT2 deacylase modulators control B cell metabolic reprogramming in EBV infection and mitogenic activation https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532225123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceEpstein–Barr virus (EBV) causes approximately 200,000 cancer deaths annually, yet therapeutic options remain limited by broad immunosuppression and variable efficacy. We demonstrate that SIRT2 deacylase modulators block EBV-driven B cell ... SIRT2 deacylase modulators control B cell metabolic reprogramming in EBV infection and mitogenic activation doi:10.1073/pnas.2532225123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Kaeden K. HillAshley P. BarryNicolas M. Reinoso-VizcainoLauren E. HaynesEmmanuela N. BonglackDavis F. FerreiraSara E. MillerMatthew D. HirscheyLillian W. ChiangStacy RemiszewskiMicah A. Luftigahttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710bhttps://ror.org/013meh722Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0BB, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710dhttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710eEvrys Bio Limited Liability Company, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, PA 18902fhttps://ror.org/01tgyzw49Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2532225123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532225123?af=R Pelagic food web realignment supports resilient larvae of Southern Bluefin Tuna in a warming ocean https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2601583123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceMost trophic complexities are unconsidered in models that predict future ocean states, and critical interactions may also be poorly represented in historical knowledge. Comparing studies done 35 y apart, feeding and growth of Southern Bluefin ... Pelagic food web realignment supports resilient larvae of Southern Bluefin Tuna in a warming ocean doi:10.1073/pnas.2601583123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Michael R. LandryRaúl Laiz-CarriónEstrella MalcaRasmus SwalethorpMoira DécimaJosé M. QuintanillaRicardo Borrego-SantosClaire H. DaviesSven A. KranzKaren E. SelphMichael R. StukelDavid DieLynnath E. BeckleyBarbara A. MuhlingAkihiro ShirozaLindsey E. KimGrace F. CawleyClaudia TraboniKamran WalshAlejandro JivanjeeLuke Matisonsahttps://ror.org/0168r3w48Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093bhttps://ror.org/00f3x4340Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Málaga 92002, Spainchttps://ror.org/02dgjyy92Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149dhttps://ror.org/036b2ww28Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, University of Málaga, Málaga 92071, Spainehttps://ror.org/03qn8fb07Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Environment, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australiafhttps://ror.org/008zs3103Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251ghttps://ror.org/01wspgy28Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822hhttps://ror.org/05g3dte14Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306ihttps://ror.org/00r4sry34Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australiajhttps://ror.org/03s65by71Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064kNational Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japanlhttps://ror.org/03v5jj203Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples 80121, Italymhttps://ror.org/03r8z3t63Coastal and Regional Oceanography Laboratory, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2601583123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2601583123?af=R Chemosymbiotic trophic strategy in an Ediacaran tubular animal https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2526201123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceSymbiosis is a fundamental evolutionary driver, yet evidence for animal–microbe associations in the fossil record is scarce and elusive. Tubular cloudinomorphs, among the earliest animals with complex body plans, rose to prominence during the ... Chemosymbiotic trophic strategy in an Ediacaran tubular animal doi:10.1073/pnas.2526201123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Zhenfei WangYongbo PengQing TangJames D. SchiffbauerShuhai XiaoDavid A. FikeZice JiaDong FengPeter W. CrockfordYaoping CaiXunlai YuanLisa M. Prattahttps://ror.org/01rxvg760International Center for Isotope Effects Research, State Key Laboratory of Critical Earth Material Cycling and Mineral Deposits, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Chinabhttps://ror.org/01rxvg760Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Chinachttps://ror.org/02ymw8z06Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211dhttps://ror.org/02ymw8z06X-ray Microanalysis Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211ehttps://ror.org/02smfhw86Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061fhttps://ror.org/01yc7t268Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130ghttps://ror.org/04n40zv07College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, Chinahhttps://ror.org/02qtvee93Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S5B6, CanadaiState Key Laboratory of Continental Evolution and Early Life, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Chinajhttps://ror.org/034t30j35State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, ChinakDepartment of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2526201123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2526201123?af=R Soil management practices shape the abundance, diversity, and spread of antimicrobial resistance https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605731123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceAgricultural soils have emerged as key reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) with the potential to spread these genes across humans, livestock, and the broader environment. We show that soil and crop management practices could be ... Soil management practices shape the abundance, diversity, and spread of antimicrobial resistance doi:10.1073/pnas.2605731123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Colette A. NickodemPatricia Q. TranEric Neeno-EckwallNaing NaingGregg R. SanfordErin M. SilvaJessica L. Hiteahttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706bhttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706chttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 54706dhttps://ror.org/01y2jtd41Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2605731123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605731123?af=R Declining hydraulic safety in a drier world https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2622754123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificancePredicting forest resilience requires knowing whether trees can physiologically acclimate to drought. Drawing on global in-situ field experiments, we find a pervasive lack of functional adjustment in forest trees. Trees maintain stable ... Declining hydraulic safety in a drier world doi:10.1073/pnas.2622754123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Xingyun LiangNate G. McDowellDefu WangBo CuiJiemin ChenKeyi QiuJunwei LuanZexin FanXiangping TanXuhui ZhouQinghai SongZhicheng ChenYing JinCuiju LiuYi WangZhongguo LiHui LiuQiuyu LiuPengcheng HeCheng YangBin LiuMujuan DengYuxuan MiuXin TanXiankai LuJunhua YanWeibin LiShirong LiuQing Yeahttps://ror.org/01xqdxh54Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Chinabhttps://ror.org/05h992307Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Lab, Richland, WA 99352chttps://ror.org/05dk0ce17School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236dhttps://ror.org/00erq7915Dazhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Development and Ecological Conservation in Daba Mountain, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, Dazhou 635000, Chinaehttps://ror.org/05qbk4x57University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Chinafhttps://ror.org/04fa47g91Sanya Research Base, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Sanya 572022, Chinaghttps://ror.org/03f2n3n81Institute of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, Chinahhttps://ror.org/034t30j35Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Ecosystem Stability and Global Change, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Chinaihttps://ror.org/02yxnh564Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Chinajhttps://ror.org/0360dkv71Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Conservation and Restoration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinakBaotianman Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Nanyang 474350, Chinalhttps://ror.org/0360dkv71Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Pingxiang 532600, Guangxi, Chinamhttps://ror.org/017zhmm22School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Chinanhttps://ror.org/02n96ep67Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, ChinaoState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2622754123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2622754123?af=R Hidden global diversity and sampling gaps in Orthoptera insects revealed through distribution data https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2529490123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceInsects dominate terrestrial biodiversity and play key roles in ecosystems, yet their global diversity patterns remain poorly understood. This study provides a worldwide analysis of grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, and katydids (Orthoptera), ... Hidden global diversity and sampling gaps in Orthoptera insects revealed through distribution data doi:10.1073/pnas.2529490123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z M. Celeste ScattoliniAndrés Lira-NoriegaMartina E. PoccoHernán L. PereiraMaría Belén CabreraMaría Marta Ciglianoahttps://ror.org/03cqe8w59Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata 1900, Argentinabhttps://ror.org/01tjs6929Museo de La Plata, División Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentinachttps://ror.org/03yvabt26Secihti Research Fellow, Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C, Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, México Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2529490123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2529490123?af=R The rod bipolar cell pathway contributes to surround responses in OFF retinal ganglion cells https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532792123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceNeural systems achieve remarkable computational power with minimal resources, and the retina exemplifies this efficiency. A longstanding puzzle concerns the rod pathway—rod bipolar cells and AII amacrine cells comprise a large fraction of ... The rod bipolar cell pathway contributes to surround responses in OFF retinal ganglion cells doi:10.1073/pnas.2532792123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Giulia SpampinatoFrancesco TrapaniVictor Calbiague-GarciaThomas BuffetElaine OrendorffB. Semihcan SermetGuilhem GlaziouDeniz DalkaraEmiliano RonzittiEirini PapagiakoumouValentina EmilianiOlivier Marreahttps://ror.org/02en5vm52Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, 17 Rue Moreau, Paris 75012, FrancebRothschild Foundation Hospital, 29 rue Manin, Paris 75019, France Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2532792123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532792123?af=R Optically induced Faraday–Goldstone waves https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535297123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceFaraday waves are an example of pattern formation generated by parametric resonance in driven classical fluids. Here we present a theory of Faraday waves in quantum materials with broken continuous symmetries—hallmarks of interacting solids. ... Optically induced Faraday–Goldstone waves doi:10.1073/pnas.2535297123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Daniel KaplanPavel A. VolkovAndrea CavalleriPremala Chandraahttps://ror.org/05vt9qd57Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854bhttps://ror.org/02der9h97Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269chttps://ror.org/0411b0f77Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg 22761, Germanydhttps://ror.org/052gg0110Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdomehttps://ror.org/00sekdz59Center for Computational Quantum Physics, The Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2535297123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535297123?af=R The role of chloride ions in serotonin transport https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605760123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe serotonin transporter (SERT) clears serotonin from synapses and is the target of widely used antidepressants. Although chloride ions are known to be required for SERT function, whether chloride is transported together with serotonin has ... The role of chloride ions in serotonin transport doi:10.1073/pnas.2605760123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Jiahui HuangAnnika BackerStacy UchenduBethlehem BekeleChan LiQingyang ChenEsam A. OrabiRobyn StixJasper D. ShideYuan-Wei ZhangGary RudnickEva HellsbergLucy R. ForrestaComputational Structural Biology Section, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892bhttps://ror.org/03prydq77Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austriachttps://ror.org/03v76x132Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8066dhttps://ror.org/05ar8rn06Precision Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaeTheoretical Molecular Biophysics Section, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2605760123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605760123?af=R Convergent roles of GDF-15 in mechanotransduction, vascular disorganization, and immune suppression in melanoma https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602594123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThis study identifies GDF-15 as a mechanosensitive factor induced by extracellular matrix (ECM) rigidity and compressive forces that develop during melanoma progression and metastasis. Using biomimetic hydrogels that mimic tumor stiffness, we ... Convergent roles of GDF-15 in mechanotransduction, vascular disorganization, and immune suppression in melanoma doi:10.1073/pnas.2602594123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Yu-Chi ChenVishnu Sravan BolluSina KheirabadiKyle LaPennaArthur BergPingnian HeTodd D. SchellAmir SheikhiErdem D. TabdanovGavin P. Robertsonahttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Molecular and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University,Hershey, PA 17033bhttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802chttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Cell and Biological Systems, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033dhttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033ehttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802fhttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Chemistry, Eberly College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802ghttps://ror.org/04p491231Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802hhttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033ihttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Hershey, PA 17033jhttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Hershey, PA 17033khttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Hershey, PA 17033lhttps://ror.org/00bzx1854Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, Penn State Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2602594123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602594123?af=R Cross-species identification of conserved and divergent locomotor kinematic strategies using AutoGaitA https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2534093123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe immense diversity of animal movements, and respective kinematic solutions, has obscured whether universal laws govern motor control. Our work advances this issue by providing a framework that compares motor solutions across species and ... Cross-species identification of conserved and divergent locomotor kinematic strategies using AutoGaitA doi:10.1073/pnas.2534093123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Mahan HosseiniInes KleinVeronika WunderleMoritz HausteinCarolin SemmlerAnn-Kathrin KramerMarianna TolveVlad MardareAna GalvaoTaylan D. KuzuChristian GrefkesTatiana KorotkovaAnsgar BüschgesGereon R. FinkPeter H. WeissSilvia DaunGraziana Gattoahttps://ror.org/02nv7yv05Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine – Cognitive Neuroscience, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52428, GermanybDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germanychttps://ror.org/00rcxh774Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne 50674, GermanydInstitute of Systems Physiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germanyehttps://ror.org/04cvxnb49Department of Neurology, Goethe University Frankfurt and University Hospital, Frankfurt 60528, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2534093123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2534093123?af=R Site-specific phosphorylation affects the structure and interactions of the Ycf1p R region https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532795123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceNMR data show that the intrinsically disordered regulatory (R) region in Ycf1p possesses residual structure that is altered by phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of the R region also modulates its interactions with the nucleotide binding domains ... Site-specific phosphorylation affects the structure and interactions of the Ycf1p R region doi:10.1073/pnas.2532795123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Sarah E. S. QuailSarah C. BickersAgatha TymczakMaya Michelle EidVoula Kanelisahttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canadabhttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canadachttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2532795123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532795123?af=R HLA class I escape drives the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in human populations https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2619192123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe role of antibody escape in evolution of viruses causing acute respiratory infections has attracted a lot of attention and is unquestionable. By contrast, escape from the cellular branch of adaptive immunity remains controversial. Here, ... HLA class I escape drives the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in human populations doi:10.1073/pnas.2619192123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Ekaterina D. RiuminaEvgeniia I. AlekseevaGalya V. KlinkStepan FeiginIaroslava VinogradovaNatalia IvanovaDmitry DianovKsenia ZornikovaVassa DavydovaApollinariya BogolyubovaGeorgii A. BazykinaIndependent researcherbhttps://ror.org/055f7t516International Laboratory of Statistical and Computational Genomics, Faculty of Computer Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics University, Moscow 109028, Russiachttps://ror.org/010pmpe69Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, RussiadCentral University, Moscow 123056, Russiaehttps://ror.org/015fskz95Laboratory of Translational Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow 125167, Russiafhttps://ror.org/05qrfxd25Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2619192123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2619192123?af=R Gut microbiome–metabolome interactions during varied low-carbohydrate food consumption https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533462123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceReplacing dietary carbohydrates with fat or protein is associated with positive health outcomes, yet the gut microbiome impact remains poorly understood. Here, regardless of macronutrient replacement, low-carbohydrate (LC) consumption ... Gut microbiome–metabolome interactions during varied low-carbohydrate food consumption doi:10.1073/pnas.2533462123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Jacob T. NearingThomas KuntzVeronica PerdomoWilliam A. NickolsTobyn BranckAmrisha BhosleDayakar V. BadriCurtis HuttenhowerMatthew JacksonKelsey N. ThompsonaDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115bHarvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115chttps://ror.org/042nb2s44Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142dhttps://ror.org/05ygyfy76Science and Technology Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS 66617ehttps://ror.org/03vek6s52Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2533462123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533462123?af=R The moisture dynamics in arid Central Asia over the last 47,000 years: Insights from the speleothem record https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2537342123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceHydroclimate conditions shape the survival and development of societies in arid Central Asia. However, how regional hydroclimatic conditions changed across different temporal–spatial scales remains debated. Here, by analyzing climate signals ... The moisture dynamics in arid Central Asia over the last 47,000 years: Insights from the speleothem record doi:10.1073/pnas.2537342123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Yanjun CaiHai ChengSebastian F. M. BreitenbachNosir ShukurovMaxim PetrovShukhrat ShukurovJing LeiYingjie YangGang XueLe MaShouyi HuangRuoxin LiMei HeZhengguo ShiHanying LiYoufeng NingXuexue JiaYifei HaoAlexander OsinzevR. Lawrence EdwardsZhisheng Anahttps://ror.org/017zhmm22Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Chinabhttps://ror.org/034t30j35Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, Chinachttps://ror.org/00sc9n023Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographical Processes & Environmental Changes, Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Chinadhttps://ror.org/049e6bc10School of Geography and Natural Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United KingdomeInstitute of Geology and Geophysics named after Kh.M. Abdullaev, University of Geological Sciences, Tashkent 100164, Uzbekistanfhttps://ror.org/02b6gy972Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Samarkand 140104, UzbekistangXi‘an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi‘an 710061, ChinahSpeleoclub Arabika, Irkutsk 664013, Russiaihttps://ror.org/017zqws13Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2537342123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2537342123?af=R Histone modification cross talk between a host and pathogen https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611585123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceBacterial pathogens reprogram host gene expression by delivering effector proteins that modify chromatin, but it is not known how the host epigenetic environment impacts effector function. Here, we show that the Legionella effector RomA senses ... Histone modification cross talk between a host and pathogen doi:10.1073/pnas.2611585123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Shantinique S. MillerJoel A. HritScott B. RothbartEvan J. Wordenahttps://ror.org/00wm07d60Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503bhttps://ror.org/00wm07d60Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2611585123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611585123?af=R Calbindin stratifies midbrain dopaminergic neurons governing distinct aspects of locomotion https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613593123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceWhile it is widely believed that the loss of calbindin1-negative (CALB1−) midbrain dopamine neurons underlies the cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, their contribution to exploration, movement vigor, and motor learning have not ... Calbindin stratifies midbrain dopaminergic neurons governing distinct aspects of locomotion doi:10.1073/pnas.2613593123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Cyril BolducCameron OramSkylar DonovanHaleigh BachMartha LiuRafaëlle MarierMorgan SharpeSiqi LiuCédric CampeauCarl Duncan SpencerSarah A. MartinRajeshwar AwatramaniJean-François Poulinahttps://ror.org/01pxwe438Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal H3A 2B4, QuebecbDepartment of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2613593123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613593123?af=R Structural evolution beyond carbon fullerenes: A family of metal–oxo clusters https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602851123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceFullerenes exemplify how geometry and topology govern the formation of closed molecular cages, yet such rule-based structural evolution has remained largely confined to carbon systems. This study extends these geometric principles from carbon ... Structural evolution beyond carbon fullerenes: A family of metal–oxo clusters doi:10.1073/pnas.2602851123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Di ZhangXiao-Kun ZhaoFeng-Xue DuanPeng LeiNi ZhenCong-Qiao XuYingnan ChiYa-Qian LanJun LiChangwen Huahttps://ror.org/01skt4w74Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, Chinabhttps://ror.org/021cj6z65College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Shandong Provincial Universities for Functional Molecules and Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Chinachttps://ror.org/034t30j35Fundamental Science Center of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, Chinadhttps://ror.org/049tv2d57Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Chinaehttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, ChinafDepartment of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2602851123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602851123?af=R A dominant mutation in tomato DNA POLYMERASE DELTA 1 causes geminivirus DNA replication catastrophe https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2531841123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe cultivated tomato is the most widely grown vegetable crop worldwide, but its production is severely impacted by geminivirus infections. Therefore, finding robust resistance genes against these infections would be of significant economic ... A dominant mutation in tomato DNA POLYMERASE DELTA 1 causes geminivirus DNA replication catastrophe doi:10.1073/pnas.2531841123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Deri GustianChen-Hsin YuFuh-Jyh JanWilhelm GruissemaDepartment of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwanbhttps://ror.org/047sbcx71Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, TaiwancBiotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2531841123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2531841123?af=R Enterochromaffin cells as a cellular integration hub for cooperative microbial signaling to modulate gut serotonin and motility https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533336123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe gut microbiome produces a wide array of metabolites that influence host physiology, yet how the host integrates multiple microbial signals to regulate complex physiological processes remains poorly understood. This study identifies a ... Enterochromaffin cells as a cellular integration hub for cooperative microbial signaling to modulate gut serotonin and motility doi:10.1073/pnas.2533336123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Yang XiaoTijs LouwiesRuben A. T. MarsLisa M. TillYash GuptaArnaldo Mercado-PerezAditya V. BhagwateShreya S. BellampalliAlejandro Stark QuirozPrabhjot K. SekhonVaidhvi SinghRongfang LiuLaura H. HeitmanDennis TienterMichael A. ThompsonKimberlee F. KossickEugene W. KruegerKrishna R. KalariKaitlyn R. HawkinsJeong-Heon LeeBrian S. EdwardsDaan van der EsConstanza AlcainoJulia L. E. WillettPreedajit WongkrasantChun-Jun GuoY. S. PrakashBrooke R. DrulinerTamas OrdogGianrico FarrugiaArthur BeyderKristen M. Smith-EdwardsPurna C. Kashyapahttps://ror.org/02qp3tb03Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905bhttps://ror.org/02qp3tb03Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905chttps://ror.org/04p491231Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033dhttps://ror.org/02qp3tb03Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905eLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlandsfhttps://ror.org/02qp3tb03Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905ghttps://ror.org/02qp3tb03Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905hhttps://ror.org/02qp3tb03Epigenomics Development Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905ihttps://ror.org/055vbxf86Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdomjhttps://ror.org/017zqws13Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455khttps://ror.org/05bnh6r87Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021lhttps://ror.org/05bnh6r87Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2533336123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533336123?af=R Stochasticity and probabilistic trajectory scoring are essential for data-driven closures of chaotic systems https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609143123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceSimulating complex systems—whether in climate science, biology, or engineering—often requires ignoring components to make computations feasible. But this simplification introduces errors that accumulate over time, causing models to drift away ... Stochasticity and probabilistic trajectory scoring are essential for data-driven closures of chaotic systems doi:10.1073/pnas.2609143123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Martin T. Brollyahttps://ror.org/01nrxwf90School of Mathematics, Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2609143123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609143123?af=R Reconciling strange metal transport in CeCoIn5 through the difference of optical and cyclotron effective masses https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614197123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceStrange metal transport is a longstanding problem in condensed matter physics as it appears to contradict the conventional Fermi liquid (FL) theory. It is characterized by linear-in-temperature resistivity and anomalous Hall response, and has ... Reconciling strange metal transport in CeCoIn5 through the difference of optical and cyclotron effective masses doi:10.1073/pnas.2614197123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Jingyuan WangZhenisbek TagayLiyu ShiJiahao LiangNghiep Khoan DuongYi WuPedro Manuel Trocado VianezFilip RonningDwight G. RickelDarrell G. SchlomKyle M. ShenScott A. CrookerN. P. Armitageahttps://ror.org/03s53g630National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545bhttps://ror.org/00za53h95William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218chttps://ror.org/05bnh6r87Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853dhttps://ror.org/01e41cf67Institute for Materials Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545ehttps://ror.org/05bnh6r87Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853fhttps://ror.org/037p86664Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Berlin 12489, GermanygKavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853hhttps://ror.org/01sdtdd95Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2614197123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614197123?af=R Morphing active networks https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2610243123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceLiving organisms use vein networks for both structural support and adaptive morphology change, a capability that has long inspired engineers but remained difficult to replicate artificially. While previous works treated these networks as ... Morphing active networks doi:10.1073/pnas.2610243123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Ya WenYuzhen ChenYifan YangFan XuaDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Institute of Mechanics and Computational Engineering, College of Intelligent Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, Chinabhttps://ror.org/013q1eq08International Institute for Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, College of Intelligent Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, ChinacShanghai Innovation Institute, Shanghai 200231, Chinadhttps://ror.org/013q1eq08State Key Laboratory of Coatings for Advanced Equipment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2610243123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2610243123?af=R Mechanisms behind facilitation–competition transition along rainfall gradients https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615937123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceShifts in woody cover, such as shrub encroachment and afforestation, are transforming drylands across the globe and directly impacting the herbaceous plants that provide critical forage. However, predicting whether woody plants will facilitate ... Mechanisms behind facilitation–competition transition along rainfall gradients doi:10.1073/pnas.2615937123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Oded HollanderYair MauNiv DeMalachahttps://ror.org/03qxff017Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100001, Israelbhttps://ror.org/03qxff017Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100001, Israel Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2615937123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615937123?af=R ST6GAL1-mediated sialyl linkage switching drives cancer-promoting α2,6-sialo-protrusions radiating from anti-inflammatory TAMs https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2623365123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceTumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are specialized immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. Exhibiting remarkable plasticity, TAMs adopt both proinflammatory (tumor-fighting) and anti-inflammatory (tumor-promoting) phenotypes. While ... ST6GAL1-mediated sialyl linkage switching drives cancer-promoting α2,6-sialo-protrusions radiating from anti-inflammatory TAMs doi:10.1073/pnas.2623365123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Priya DiptaNaaz BansalArthur ChienZeynep Sumer-BayraktarHironoshin OnizukaDaisuke KasugaiDominique MarandoMerrina AnugrahamSeong Beom AhnDaniel KolarichBoaz TiroshRebeca KawaharaArun Everest-DassMorten Thaysen-Andersenahttps://ror.org/01sf06y89School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australiabhttps://ror.org/04chrp450Institute for Glyco-Core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, JapancInstitute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israeldhttps://ror.org/04chrp450Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japanehttps://ror.org/02sc3r913Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australiafhttps://ror.org/01sf06y89Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australiaghttps://ror.org/02sc3r913School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australiahhttps://ror.org/051fd9666Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland 44106, OH Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2623365123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2623365123?af=R On the origin of the ionic strength control of the motility of kinesin-14 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2618972123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe motility of kinesin-14 depends strongly on the ionic strength. Finding the origin of this effect is important for understanding intracellular transportation. The present work uses microscopic simulations to elucidate the origin of the ... On the origin of the ionic strength control of the motility of kinesin-14 doi:10.1073/pnas.2618972123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Ritaban HalderArieh Warshelahttps://ror.org/03taz7m60Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1062 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2618972123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2618972123?af=R Multidomain interaction governs the filamentous assembly of the dominant-negative DNMT3A R882H mutant https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609226123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceDNMT3A R882H (DNMT3AR882H) mutation is a hot-spot mutation in acute myeloid leukemia and developmental disorders. Previous studies have identified that DNMT3AR882Hpromotes the formation of high-order protein oligomers, giving rise to a ... Multidomain interaction governs the filamentous assembly of the dominant-negative DNMT3A R882H mutant doi:10.1073/pnas.2609226123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Jianbin ChenJiuwei LuZhixu LongSol YoonMegan FukunagaJikui Songahttps://ror.org/03nawhv43Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2609226123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609226123?af=R Bright monomeric fluorescent protein elite-niRFP704 for two-channel near-infrared STED nanoscopy https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533451123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceNear-infrared (NIR) superresolution STED (stimulated emission depletion) microscopy in living cells is currently limited by a sparse selection of live-cell compatible bleaching-resistant fluorophores. To address this limitation, we screened ... Bright monomeric fluorescent protein elite-niRFP704 for two-channel near-infrared STED nanoscopy doi:10.1073/pnas.2533451123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Florian HabensteinNickels JensenDaniel StumpfAlexey I. ChizhikMarcel LeuteneggerJin ChangAndreas FogniniJessie Qin-DregelyIman Esmaeil ZadehLaura L. KirckJörg EnderleinKaushik InamdarStefan W. HellStefan Jakobsahttps://ror.org/03av75f26Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen 37077, GermanybIII. Institute of Physics, Georg August University, Göttingen 37077, Germanychttps://ror.org/02e2c7k09Optics Research Group, ImPhys Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CJ, The NetherlandsdSingle Quantum B.V., Delft 2629 HH, The Netherlandsehttps://ror.org/01s1h3j07Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Translational Neuroinflammation and Automated Microscopy TNM, Göttingen 37075, Germanyfhttps://ror.org/01y9bpm73Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germanyghttps://ror.org/01y9bpm73Clinic of Neurology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germanyhhttps://ror.org/000bxzc63Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2533451123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2533451123?af=R SET7-mediated methylation of IRF3 at lysine 98 attenuates antiviral innate immunity https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2601297123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceIRF3 activation is essential for type I interferon signaling. This process must be tightly controlled in order to efficiently activate innate immunity while preventing overactivation. However, the mechanisms by which IRF3 is regulated in the ... SET7-mediated methylation of IRF3 at lysine 98 attenuates antiviral innate immunity doi:10.1073/pnas.2601297123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Hongyan DengXueyi SunHuangyuan ZhaZixuan WangJinhua TangXiaoyun ChenChunchun ZhuJiale HuaWen LiuShuke JiaYiman LuoYuhan XiangWenhua LiXing LiuWuhan Xiaoahttps://ror.org/034t30j35State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of ChinabHubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, People‘s Republic of ChinacLaboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, People‘s Republic of Chinadhttps://ror.org/05qbk4x57University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of Chinaehttps://ror.org/033vjfk17College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2601297123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2601297123?af=R Rapid, HIF-1α-independent, response of VEGF secretion to decreased O2 in mouse retina https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602872123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceSecretion of Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) is considered to be controlled by transcriptional activation notably by HIF-1α, a process which takes hours to mediate an increase in VEGF. We have developed a system that exposes tissue ... Rapid, HIF-1α-independent, response of VEGF secretion to decreased O2 in mouse retina doi:10.1073/pnas.2602872123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Varun KamatMatthew K. GrumbineKhang BaoLui TsumuraRayne LimShari WangJames HermanssonJohn KramlichLaura J. den HartighJennifer R. ChaoJames B. HurleyIan R. Sweetahttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109bEnTox Sciences, Inc, Seattle, WA 98195chttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109dhttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109ehttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109fhttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Roger and Angie Karalis Johnson Retina Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109ghttps://ror.org/00cvxb145Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2602872123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602872123?af=R Plasmodium thiamine pyrophosphokinase is essential for sporozoite formation and activation of an antiplasmodial thiamine analogue https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2534594123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceMalaria parasites rely on thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) for essential metabolic processes. This study shows that parasites that carry a mutation in thiamine pyrophosphokinase (TPK), the enzyme responsible for converting thiamine (vitamin B1) ... Plasmodium thiamine pyrophosphokinase is essential for sporozoite formation and activation of an antiplasmodial thiamine analogue doi:10.1073/pnas.2534594123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Imam FathoniÜmit Y. KinaAlex H. Y. ChanJiwon LeeTerence C. S. HoManuel RauchPeer MartinEmily A. MeissnerThomas StachFinian J. LeeperMelanie RugKai MatuschewskiKevin J. Salibaahttps://ror.org/019wvm592Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, AustraliabDepartment of Molecular Parasitology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germanychttps://ror.org/013meh722Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdomdhttps://ror.org/019wvm592Centre for Advanced Microscopy, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2534594123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2534594123?af=R Ank3 loss in adult forebrain excitatory neurons disrupts behavior, neuronal activity, membrane proteome, and myelination https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606900123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThis study demonstrates that deletion ofAnk3in adult excitatory neurons is sufficient to induce behavioral abnormalities resembling bipolar disorder-like phenotypes. Ankyrin-G loss reduces neuronal activity and leads to a striking ... Ank3 loss in adult forebrain excitatory neurons disrupts behavior, neuronal activity, membrane proteome, and myelination doi:10.1073/pnas.2606900123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Sehyoun YoonMarc Dos SantosNatalia KhalatyanJeffrey N. SavasPeter PenzesaDepartment of Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611bDepartment of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611cDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611dDepartment of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611eCenter for Autism and Neurodevelopment, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606900123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606900123?af=R Mercury’s crustal magnetization indicates a stronger ancient dynamo https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608701123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceMercury’s present-day dynamo-generated magnetic field is anomalously weak. However, Mercury’s 3.9- to 3.7-billion-year-old crustal remanent magnetization suggests that the planet once generated a dynamo magnetic field that was 1 to 2 orders of ... Mercury’s crustal magnetization indicates a stronger ancient dynamo doi:10.1073/pnas.2608701123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Isaac S. NarrettBenjamin P. WeissSarah C. SteeleJohn B. Bierstekerahttps://ror.org/042nb2s44Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139bhttps://ror.org/03vek6s52Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2608701123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608701123?af=R Loss of neuronal population organization links pathology to behavior in a model of Alzheimer’s disease https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614164123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceIn this study, we use an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-induced longitudinal macaque model of Alzheimer’s disease to examine early changes in behavior, neuronal population activity, and pathology. Our findings suggest that early disease is ... Loss of neuronal population organization links pathology to behavior in a model of Alzheimer’s disease doi:10.1073/pnas.2614164123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Douglas A. RuffDrew E. G. SheetsRamanujan SrinathGiovanne B. DinizDevon J. GriggsDanielle BeckmanSean OttKayla SchwartzCarissa T. EricesScott MullerJeffrey H. KordowerJohn H. MorrisonMarlene R. Cohenahttps://ror.org/024mw5h28Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637bhttps://ror.org/05rrcem69California National Primate Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616chttps://ror.org/03efmqc40Arizona State University - Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281dhttps://ror.org/05rrcem69Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95825 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2614164123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2614164123?af=R A gut symbiotic filamentous fungus reprograms host metabolism and the microbiota to confer radioprotection https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608386123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThis study reveals a previously underappreciated role of filamentous fungi in the gut microbiome by identifyingMucor racemosusas a key player in intestinal radioprotection. The findings highlight howM. racemosusactively orchestrates a ... A gut symbiotic filamentous fungus reprograms host metabolism and the microbiota to confer radioprotection doi:10.1073/pnas.2608386123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Huiwen XiaoJia LiuJiamin ZhaoXiaojing LiuBin WangXiaozhou ZengZhihong LiuYuan LiJiali DongMing CuiXingzhong Liuahttps://ror.org/032p70522State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, Chinabhttps://ror.org/012tb2g32Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, School of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, Chinachttps://ror.org/02drdmm93Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, Chinadhttps://ror.org/02xjrkt08Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2608386123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608386123?af=R RNA aptamers for sodium and lithium are abundant in mammals https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2618832123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceRecent findings indicate that ligand-binding RNAs might be abundant in humans and other vertebrates. Here, we identify numerous regions of mammalian genomes that exhibit sequence and structural similarity to bacterial riboswitch aptamers for ... RNA aptamers for sodium and lithium are abundant in mammals doi:10.1073/pnas.2618832123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Neil WhiteGabriel Belem de AndradeAya NarunskyChristopher KingNarasimhan SudarsanRonald R. Breakerahttps://ror.org/03v76x132Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8103bhttps://ror.org/00x0ma614Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília-DF 70040-020, Brazilchttps://ror.org/03v76x132Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511-8103 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2618832123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2618832123?af=R Auxin-induced ARF transcription factor degradation defines tissue boundaries https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612105123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceA sharp boundary between specific tissues at the apex of the gynoecium in flowering plants is essential for reproduction, yet how it forms remains unclear. Here, we reveal that a gradient of the plant hormone auxin controls the distribution of ... Auxin-induced ARF transcription factor degradation defines tissue boundaries doi:10.1073/pnas.2612105123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Jeonghwan AhnQuan YuanYi-Ning DingYun-Ying WangDan-Dan YangYao ZhangFeng GaoHong-Sen HuQian XuZhi-Cheng HuXiaotong QiHongqiang YuLimin LuChao-Bin LiJie ChengBao-Qing DingChaoying HeBo XuQuan WangMin ChenHongzhi KongCao XuXiaofeng FangLars ØstergaardYang Dongahttps://ror.org/034t30j35State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, Chinabhttps://ror.org/034t30j35Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, Chinachttps://ror.org/02yfsfh77China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, Chinadhttps://ror.org/05qbk4x57University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Chinaehttps://ror.org/03cve4549School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, Chinafhttps://ror.org/02aee5m12State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, Chinaghttps://ror.org/05td3s095College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Chinahhttps://ror.org/05ckt8b96Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural, Shenzhen 518120, Chinaihttps://ror.org/0313jb750Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, ChinajState Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Chinakhttps://ror.org/052gg0110Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3EL, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612105123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612105123?af=R Barcoded mutant library enables high-throughput functional genomics in a filamentous fungus https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616888123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceFilamentous fungi are critical ecosystem components that cycle nutrients and form plant symbioses. Some are also pathogens that cause millions of human deaths each year, threaten bat and amphibian species with extinction, and cause famines. ... Barcoded mutant library enables high-throughput functional genomics in a filamentous fungus doi:10.1073/pnas.2616888123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Lori B. HubermanJosé M. Villalobos-EscobedoJeffrey M. SkerkerRan ShiAdriana M. Rico-RamírezCatharine A. AdamsAdam P. ArkinAdam M. DeutschbauerN. Louise GlassaPlant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853bhttps://ror.org/01an7q238Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720chttps://ror.org/02jbv0t02Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division/Biosciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720dhttps://ror.org/03ayjn504Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, NL 64700, Méxicoehttps://ror.org/01an7q238Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2616888123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616888123?af=R Cannabinoid tolerance relies on CB1 receptor ubiquitination by NEDD4L https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606671123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceCannabinoids, the active components of cannabis, lose efficacy after repeated use due to tolerance, limiting their therapeutic value and safety. Although short-term desensitization of cannabinoid receptors is well understood, the molecular ... Cannabinoid tolerance relies on CB1 receptor ubiquitination by NEDD4L doi:10.1073/pnas.2606671123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Alicia Álvaro-BlázquezRui S. RodriguesCarlos Montero-FernándezMarta IsasaAstrid CannichDoriane GisquetIgnacio Rodríguez-CrespoLuigi BellocchioGiovanni MarsicanoCarlos Costas-InsuaManuel GuzmánaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spainbhttps://ror.org/03fftr154Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid 28034, Spainchttps://ror.org/057qpr032Neurocentre Magendie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1215, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, FrancedProteomics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid 28029, Spainehttps://ror.org/00zca7903Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606671123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606671123?af=R WNK-dependent phosphorylation of gephyrin tunes GABAA receptors at inhibitory synapses and modulates anxiety behavior https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612761123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceEfficient synaptic transmission depends on signaling pathways that regulate the trafficking and stabilization of neurotransmitter receptors at synapses. Here, we identify a chloride-sensitive signaling pathway involving the kinase WNK1 and its ... WNK-dependent phosphorylation of gephyrin tunes GABAA receptors at inhibitory synapses and modulates anxiety behavior doi:10.1073/pnas.2612761123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Zaha MerlaudCelia DelhayeMargarida NabaisErwan PolTânia LimaYann VerdierZahra ImaniMarion RusseauNalia SambaMaelys TostainJuliette GouhierRomane RahirJoëlle VinhCorentin Le MagueresseMarika Nosten-BertrandSabine Léviahttps://ror.org/013cjyk83Ecole Supérieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielles, Brain Plasticity Laboratory, CNRS, UMR 8249, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris 75005, Francebhttps://ror.org/02en5vm52INSERM UMR-S 1270, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris 75005, Francechttps://ror.org/013cjyk83Ecole Supérieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielles, CNRS Unité d’Appui et de Recherche 2051, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris 75005, Francedhttps://ror.org/02en5vm52Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM Center of Neuroscience Neuro-Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, Franceehttps://ror.org/01c2cjg59Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris 75005, France Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612761123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612761123?af=R Interactive representations of power and status signals in learning social hierarchies https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532908123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceSocial hierarchies shape human interactions, from personal relationships to institutions and global politics. Yet research has often conflated two core dimensions of hierarchy: status (prestige from competence) and power (control over outcomes)... Interactive representations of power and status signals in learning social hierarchies doi:10.1073/pnas.2532908123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Chunliang FengFeilong LiuBinjie YangEdmund DerringtonYuejia LuoChen QuJean-Claude Dreherahttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, Chinabhttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Chinachttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Chinadhttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Chinaehttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, Chinafhttps://ror.org/02he5dz58Neuroeconomics, Reward and Decision-Making Team, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, Lyon 69675, FrancegUniversity Claude Bernard Lyon, Villeurbanne 69100, Francehhttps://ror.org/022k4wk35The State Key Lab of Cognitive and Learning, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaiInstitute for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266113, Chinajhttps://ror.org/04gpd4q15Faculty of Health and Wellness, City University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macaukhttps://ror.org/01vy4gh70School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2532908123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2532908123?af=R Sensory context improves language prediction in humans and LLMs https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2600317123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceSensory context—the auditory and visual channels through which language is transmitted—is thought to be critical for how humans evolved and develop language. Large language models (LLMs) provide the first viable model of language outside ... Sensory context improves language prediction in humans and LLMs doi:10.1073/pnas.2600317123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Thomas L. BotchEmily S. Finnahttps://ror.org/049s0rh22Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2600317123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2600317123?af=R HuB/HuR inhibition decreases HPV E6 and E7 proteins, stabilizes p53, and induces integrated stress to impair cervical cancer cell growth https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2401248123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceWorldwide, there is a high incidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV)-induced cervical cancers and oropharyngeal carcinomas, despite effective prophylactic vaccines. The viability of HPV-associated cancers depend on the viral ... HuB/HuR inhibition decreases HPV E6 and E7 proteins, stabilizes p53, and induces integrated stress to impair cervical cancer cell growth doi:10.1073/pnas.2401248123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Xisheng LiuSaroj Kumar ShresthaYvonne J. K. EdwardsNatalia FilippovaCharles N. LandenDonald J. BuchsbaumLouis B. NaborsLouise T. ChowN. Sanjib Banerjeeahttps://ror.org/008s83205Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233bhttps://ror.org/008s83205Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294chttps://ror.org/0153tk833Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908dhttps://ror.org/008s83205Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2401248123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2401248123?af=R Detection of “hidden” mitotic crossovers by long-read DNA sequencing https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615875123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceAlthough mitotic crossovers were first detected in 1936, some of the basic details of this process are still not understood. In diploid organisms, the two homologous chromosomes are often heterozygous for many single-nucleotide polymorphisms (... Detection of “hidden” mitotic crossovers by long-read DNA sequencing doi:10.1073/pnas.2615875123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Lei QiKe ZhangDao-Qiong ZhengThomas D. Petesahttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710bhttps://ror.org/00a2xv884Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, Chinachttps://ror.org/00a2xv884Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2615875123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615875123?af=R Nociceptive sensitization and pain perception are dissociable in humans https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603667123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificancePain is commonly assumed to reflect nociceptive processing, yet individuals differ markedly in whether identical sensory inputs are experienced as painful. Here we show that innocuous thermal stimulation produces primary mechanical and ... Nociceptive sensitization and pain perception are dissociable in humans doi:10.1073/pnas.2603667123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Matthew A. CormiePedram MouseliClizia MartiniKavita De SilvaIoana LauricOmar KhalilDavid A. SeminowiczMassieh Moayediahttps://ror.org/03dbr7087Centre for Multimodal Sensorimotor and Pain Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canadabhttps://ror.org/03dbr7087University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canadachttps://ror.org/02grkyz14Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canadadhttps://ror.org/042xt5161Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5V 2S8, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2603667123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603667123?af=R Amino acid homeostasis by CORVET/HOPS: A metabolic and stress resilience checkpoint for T cells https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2601318123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceT cells require metabolic flexibility to mount effective immune responses, but how they maintain amino acid balance—beyond canonical transporters—remains unclear. This study reveals that CORVET/HOPS protein complexes function as critical ... Amino acid homeostasis by CORVET/HOPS: A metabolic and stress resilience checkpoint for T cells doi:10.1073/pnas.2601318123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Jing WangZegui NiXinxin ZhangLinling HeXinyue ZhangXu ChengHaimo WangGuoying SunZhenwei LuChengxu LiuHongjie QianYouli LuGangyi LiuJingying JiaJian YeLinzhang HuangHaobin YeRong LiWufan TaoPeng LiTong-Jin ZhaoXingrong Duahttps://ror.org/01whmzn59State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital/Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, Chinabhttps://ror.org/01whmzn59Drug Clinical Trial Center, Central Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital/Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, ChinacShanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research and Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai 200237, Chinadhttps://ror.org/00w6g5w60Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010ehttps://ror.org/01whmzn59Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital/Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, ChinafPhase I Clinical Research and Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai Engineering Research Center, Shanghai 200237, Chinaghttps://ror.org/013q1eq08The Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, ChinahState Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, Chinaihttps://ror.org/01n14yn69Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai 200230, Chinajhttps://ror.org/04ypx8c21Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2601318123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2601318123?af=R Aging limits neuronal regeneration from glia in the mouse retina https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612369123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceReprogramming glia into neurons is a promising strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases, yet these approaches have been developed almost exclusively in young animals. Because aging is the primary risk factor for neurodegeneration, ... Aging limits neuronal regeneration from glia in the mouse retina doi:10.1073/pnas.2612369123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Jugasmita DekaYing HanSucheta BhattacharyaSamantha SuttonGalina BachayWilliam J. BrunkenLevi Toddahttps://ror.org/040kfrw16Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210bhttps://ror.org/040kfrw16Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2612369123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2612369123?af=R Large-scale brain network reinstatement supports recognition memory https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603685123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceEpisodic memory is often described as reinstating neural activity patterns from initial encoding, yet most evidence focuses on local patterns within individual brain regions. This region-centric view leaves unresolved how the brain ... Large-scale brain network reinstatement supports recognition memory doi:10.1073/pnas.2603685123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Jintao ShengJunle LiXiangli ZengJinhui Wangahttps://ror.org/00f54p054Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304bhttps://ror.org/00f54p054Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304chttps://ror.org/00f54p054Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305dhttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Chinaehttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, Chinafhttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Chinaghttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Chinahhttps://ror.org/01kq0pv72Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2603685123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603685123?af=R Uncovering dynamic human brain phase coherence networks https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2518287123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceUnderstanding how the human brain coordinates activity across distant regions is central to explaining cognition and behavior. Most existing approaches study these interactions by tracking changes in signal strength, which can be strongly ... Uncovering dynamic human brain phase coherence networks doi:10.1073/pnas.2518287123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Anders S. OlsenAnders BrammerPatrick M. FisherMorten Mørupahttps://ror.org/04qtj9h94Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmarkbhttps://ror.org/05bpbnx46Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 2100, Denmarkchttps://ror.org/035b05819Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2518287123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2518287123?af=R Why friends in common reveal network stars https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603299123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceIn social networks where a few are highly connected, we demonstrate mathematically that a common friend to even two or three randomly sampled people is likely to be one of those highly connected individuals, showing that common friends are ... Why friends in common reveal network stars doi:10.1073/pnas.2603299123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Alec McGailScott FeldaIndependent Researcher, Chicago, IL 60615bhttps://ror.org/02dqehb95Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2603299123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603299123?af=R Ultra-narrowband organic room-temperature phosphorescence achieved by boosting low-frequency vibronic coupling https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2600262123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceTraditional organic afterglow materials generally suffer from broad emission bandwidths, which critically restricts their applications. Although the energy transfer approach involves doping narrowband fluorescent acceptors into suitable ... Ultra-narrowband organic room-temperature phosphorescence achieved by boosting low-frequency vibronic coupling doi:10.1073/pnas.2600262123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Yuming SuZi YeYuanyuan ChenGuoyi WuYue ZhangWangjun LiuTing LuoJialiang JiangKaka Zhangahttps://ror.org/05qbk4x57State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2600262123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2600262123?af=R Repair of DNA double-strand breaks after low radiation doses in childhood cancer survivors and matched cancer-free individuals https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603379123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceDNA damage occurs spontaneously in every cell of our body. Among the various lesions that arise, double-strand breaks (DSBs) are particularly dangerous since unrepaired DSBs can lead to cell death while incorrectly repaired DSBs can cause ... Repair of DNA double-strand breaks after low radiation doses in childhood cancer survivors and matched cancer-free individuals doi:10.1073/pnas.2603379123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Johanna MirschRatna N. CordoniCornelia SchmittMelina I. DehnertAlicia SchulzeDanuta GaletzkaSebastian ZahnreichPeter Scholz-KreiselThomas HankelnManuela MarronMaria BlettnerCécile M. RonckersHeinz SchmidbergerMarkus Löbrichahttps://ror.org/05n911h24Radiation Biology and DNA Repair, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, GermanybInstitute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, GermanycDepartment of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germanydhttps://ror.org/02yvd4j36Radiation Epidemiology and Radiation Risk, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleissheim 85764, Germanyehttps://ror.org/023b0x485Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germanyfhttps://ror.org/02c22vc57Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Bremen 28359, GermanygGerman Childhood Cancer Registry, Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2603379123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603379123?af=R Lysophospholipid–TRPV1 interactions in chemotherapy-induced neuropathy https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613615123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificancePaclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy is a major clinical challenge without effective biomarkers or treatments. Here, we show that paclitaxel rapidly elevates specific unsaturated lysophospholipids in patient plasma, which activate the ... Lysophospholipid–TRPV1 interactions in chemotherapy-induced neuropathy doi:10.1073/pnas.2613615123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Saskia WedelAinara Claveras CabezudoOliver RauhElena OlkhovaChristian MüllerLisa HahnefeldRobert GurkeGerd GeisslingerGerhard HummerMarco Sisignanoahttps://ror.org/04cvxnb49Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germanybhttps://ror.org/02panr271Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt 60438, GermanycInternational Max Planck Research School on Cellular Biophysics, Frankfurt 60438, Germanydhttps://ror.org/04m2anh63Institute for Functional Gene Analytics, Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Rheinbach 53359, Germanyehttps://ror.org/01s1h3j07Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Frankfurt am Main 60596, Germanyfhttps://ror.org/04cvxnb49Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2613615123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2613615123?af=R Engineering antigenic breadth against SARS-CoV-2 by pairing divergent RBDs within a single mRNA immunogen https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602574123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceVaccines that protect against rapidly evolving viruses are difficult to design because immune responses preferentially target variable rather than conserved viral regions. Here, we introduce a rational vaccine design strategy that uses ... Engineering antigenic breadth against SARS-CoV-2 by pairing divergent RBDs within a single mRNA immunogen doi:10.1073/pnas.2602574123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Isabelle MontgomerieRebecca E. McKenzieOlga R. PalmerNgarangi C. MasonJoanna KuangTheresa E. PankhurstSarah L. DraperSventja von DaakeDavid A. EcclesThomas W. BirdAbby L. MartinIsaac GreenLydia WhiteZoe RobinsonAndrew MarshallJordan J. MinnellSam J. SmallIan F. HermansGavin F. PainterJames E. UssherMiguel E. Quiñones-MateuWayne M. PatrickDavide ComolettiLisa M. Connorahttps://ror.org/02487ts63Immunology Program, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington 6242, New Zealandbhttps://ror.org/01d5qpn59Immunology Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/05sywfz79Immunology Program, Ferrier Research Institute, Wellington 5046, New Zealanddhttps://ror.org/01jmxt844Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New ZealandeDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canadafhttps://ror.org/0040r6f76Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2602574123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2602574123?af=R SESN1 is a negative regulator of MAVS and dynamically expressed during RNA viral infection https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621443123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceSESN1 is identified as an important factor to regulate host innate immune response upon RNA virus infection. Upon mild RNA virus infection, SESN1 is dynamically expressed to enhance virus clearance and avoid excessive inflammation. However, ... SESN1 is a negative regulator of MAVS and dynamically expressed during RNA viral infection doi:10.1073/pnas.2621443123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Qianghui LiuPeiran ChenChunyan HeZuocheng QiuYubo ZhangJia WangLingxiao XuYong XuMingyu Panahttps://ror.org/04py1g812Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Chinabhttps://ror.org/059gcgy73Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, Chinachttps://ror.org/03q8dnn23Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, Chinadhttps://ror.org/04gz17b59Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Kunshan 215300, ChinaeGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 501632, ChinafGuangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 501632, Chinaghttps://ror.org/059gcgy73School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Chinahhttps://ror.org/04py1g812Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Chinaihttps://ror.org/059gcgy73Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huaian First People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223000, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2621443123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2621443123?af=R Parental niche construction buffers microbial and competitive challenges and drives offspring dependence in burying beetles https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2617749123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceParental care often extends far beyond the provisioning of food to fundamentally transform the environments in which offspring develop. Here, we show in burying beetles that these modifications are multifaceted, acting together under natural ... Parental niche construction buffers microbial and competitive challenges and drives offspring dependence in burying beetles doi:10.1073/pnas.2617749123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Eric GrubmüllerDimitri V. MeierMelina KreilLynn SchmitElena ScharlMamoru TakataAlfons WeigSandra Steigerahttps://ror.org/0234wmv40Department of Evolutionary Animal Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germanybhttps://ror.org/0234wmv40Department of Ecological Microbiology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germanychttps://ror.org/02kpeqv85Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japandhttps://ror.org/0234wmv40Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2617749123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2617749123?af=R Indirect reciprocity with dual private assessment https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2624656123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificancePeople’s cooperative intentions are often shaped by the social norms of their community. These norms determine how people ought to act and how their actions affect reputations. However, models of evolutionary game theory suggest that such ... Indirect reciprocity with dual private assessment doi:10.1073/pnas.2624656123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Yukari Jessica ThamChristian HilbeYohsuke Muraseahttps://ror.org/03tgsfw79Graduate School of Humanities, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, JapanbInterdisciplinary Transformation University, Linz 4040, Austriachttps://ror.org/022hvg611RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Science, Wako 351-0198, Japandhttps://ror.org/03r519674RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Kobe 650-0047, Japanehttps://ror.org/02evnh647Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2624656123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2624656123?af=R SNHG26 orchestrates pro-fibrotic fibroblast maintenance via PTBP1-mediated alternative polyadenylation of AKT3 in dermal fibrosis https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2601536123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceFibrosis is a major cause of organ dysfunction and mortality worldwide and arises when fibroblasts become locked in pathological states that disrupt normal tissue architecture. However, the mechanisms that stabilize these states remain poorly ... SNHG26 orchestrates pro-fibrotic fibroblast maintenance via PTBP1-mediated alternative polyadenylation of AKT3 in dermal fibrosis doi:10.1073/pnas.2601536123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Ling PanXilong RenJiating WangYunting XiaoLiping ZhuXiya ZhangLeqi QianYejing HuangLi LiHeng SunRenkai YangYi LiuXinfeng WuHongsheng WangDongqing Liahttps://ror.org/02drdmm93Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, ChinabJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Nanjing 210042, Chinachttps://ror.org/02drdmm93Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2601536123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2601536123?af=R Synthetic DNA fragments as ultra-high-resolution multitracers to quantify transport behavior of micro- and nanoplastics in plant systems https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605150123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceQuantifying the source- and size-dependent transport contributions of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) in plants has been challenging. We address this limitation by developing an ultra-high-resolution synthetic DNA-based multisource tracing ... Synthetic DNA fragments as ultra-high-resolution multitracers to quantify transport behavior of micro- and nanoplastics in plant systems doi:10.1073/pnas.2605150123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Zhaofei DuanChangxi WangRenkuan LiaoYanling LiaoXinlin LiChongyang ShenYunwu XiongDayong YangJirka ŠimůnekDan Luoahttps://ror.org/05ckt8b96Department of Land Engineering, College of Land Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of Chinabhttps://ror.org/04v3ywz14Department of Hydraulic Engineering, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People’s Republic of ChinacDepartment of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of Chinadhttps://ror.org/03nawhv43Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521ehttps://ror.org/05bnh6r87Department of Biological & Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, New York, NY 14853 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2605150123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605150123?af=R Fundamental limits incorporating logical reasoning into Shannon’s information theory https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2525600123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe value of an information bit can range from consequential to unimportant, depending on what one can deduce from it: a bit from a reliable sensor that tells a car when to stop carries far more value than one from a faulty sensor producing ... Fundamental limits incorporating logical reasoning into Shannon’s information theory doi:10.1073/pnas.2525600123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Luis A. LastrasJonathan LenchnerBarry M. TragerWojciech SzpankowskiMark S. SquillanteChai Wah WuRonald FaginAlexander GrayaIBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598bhttps://ror.org/02dqehb95Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907chttps://ror.org/03bqmcz70Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 6, 30-348, Kraków, PolanddCentaur AI Institute, Lincoln, CA 95648eIBM Research, San Jose, CA 95141 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2525600123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2525600123?af=R Genetic control of local mutation rates https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2625619123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceMutations are the source of evolutionary novelty but also the cause of genetic diseases and cancer. Here we show that mutation rates vary among individuals at numerous locations across the human genome. In at least some of these cases, the ... Genetic control of local mutation rates doi:10.1073/pnas.2625619123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Madison CaballeroAmnon Korenahttps://ror.org/0499dwk57Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2625619123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2625619123?af=R Cell competition driven by secreted ligands: Modeling liver metastasis of colorectal cancer https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2531078123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceCell competition is relevant for a range of biological processes, from the elimination of malignant cells in tissues to cancer progression. It can arise through various mechanisms, including signaling pathways or ecological competition for ... Cell competition driven by secreted ligands: Modeling liver metastasis of colorectal cancer doi:10.1073/pnas.2531078123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Hossein NematiSaskia Jacoba Elisabeth SuijkerbuijkJoost de Graafahttps://ror.org/04pp8hn57Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, Utrecht 3584 CC, The Netherlandsbhttps://ror.org/04pp8hn57Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2531078123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2531078123?af=R Cerebellar microcircuits enable robust evidence-based decisions through cortico–cerebellar coupling https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616911123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceTraditionally associated with motor control, the cerebellum is increasingly recognized for its role in cognition. Yet how cerebellar cortical circuits can sustain evidence accumulation without assuming dense cortical-style local excitatory ... Cerebellar microcircuits enable robust evidence-based decisions through cortico–cerebellar coupling doi:10.1073/pnas.2616911123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Yeyao BaoLiao YuLiangfu LuZhuoqin YangYunliang Zangahttps://ror.org/012tb2g32Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, Chinabhttps://ror.org/012tb2g32State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Medical Devices, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, Chinachttps://ror.org/00wk2mp56School of Mathematical Sciences, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2616911123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2616911123?af=R Multilevel sex-influenced neurobiological signatures of early life adversity https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603982123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceEarly life adversity is a risk factor for psychiatric disorders, yet the biological mechanisms driving these conditions-and their distinct prevalence in men and women-remain poorly understood. By integrating robust behavioral phenotyping, ... Multilevel sex-influenced neurobiological signatures of early life adversity doi:10.1073/pnas.2603982123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Sowmya NarayanChristina BeerVeronika KovarovaCarlo CastoldiTibor StarkBeatrice Dal BiancoSimone RöhSusann SauerJoeri BordesStoyo KaramihalevShiladitya MitraPatricia Maidana MiguelBonnie AlberryDarina CzamaraPatricia P. SilveiraMichael CzischBianca SilvaElisabeth B. BinderMathias V. Schmidtahttps://ror.org/04dq56617Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germanybhttps://ror.org/04dq56617Department Genes and Environment, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, GermanycInternational Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germanydhttps://ror.org/019tgvf94Neural Circuits of Emotional Memory, CNRS UMR7275, INSERM U1318, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Université Côte d’Azur, Valbonne P789+P5, Franceehttps://ror.org/04dq56617Neuroimaging Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germanyfhttps://ror.org/04dq56617Emotion Research Department, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germanyghttps://ror.org/01pxwe438Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC CCV8+G2, Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2603982123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2603982123?af=R RNF213-dependent lytic destruction of Chlamydia-containing vacuoles activates host cell death pathways https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606688123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe most well described outcome of ubiquitylation of intracellular pathogens is degradation through the microbe-specific autophagy pathway called xenophagy. We found that xenophagy is not the only way for a cell to kill ubiquitylatedChlamydia ... RNF213-dependent lytic destruction of Chlamydia-containing vacuoles activates host cell death pathways doi:10.1073/pnas.2606688123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Mary S. DickinsonStephen C. WalshRobert J. BastidasRaphael H. ValdiviaJörn Coersahttps://ror.org/03njmea73Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710bhttps://ror.org/03njmea73Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2606688123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2606688123?af=R A self-resetting soft ring for autonomous, continuous leaping in unstructured environments https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2607940123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceAutonomous repetitive jumping in soft material systems remains challenging because most designs require external resetting, complex control, or spatiotemporal stimulation. Here, we show that a simple self-resetting V-shaped ring geometry can ... A self-resetting soft ring for autonomous, continuous leaping in unstructured environments doi:10.1073/pnas.2607940123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-27T07:00:00Z Fangjie QiCaizhi ZhouHaitao QingHaoze SunYaoye HongJie Yinahttps://ror.org/04tj63d06Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2607940123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2607940123?af=R Personality pairing improves human–AI collaboration https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2530627123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceAI is evolving from a tool to an active collaborator, making it crucial to design AI agents for effective teamwork. In a large-scale experiment, we tested how personality pairing in human–AI teams affected collaboration outcomes. We measured ... Personality pairing improves human–AI collaboration doi:10.1073/pnas.2530627123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-28T07:00:00Z Harang JuSinan Aralahttps://ror.org/00za53h95Carey Business School, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21202bhttps://ror.org/042nb2s44Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2530627123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2530627123?af=R Trophic regulation constrains ecosystem carbon accumulation under global change https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2610728123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceUnderstanding how global change will affect ecosystem carbon storage is central to climate mitigation, yet most projections focus on climate and vegetation while largely underrepresenting trophic regulation. By synthesizing 708 full-factorial ... Trophic regulation constrains ecosystem carbon accumulation under global change doi:10.1073/pnas.2610728123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-28T07:00:00Z Changlin XuYadvinder MalhiXincheng LiGukailin AoLidong MoShuotian LaiWenao WuMeng PanShaopeng WangJens-Christian SvenningBiao ZhuaState Key Laboratory of Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), Institute of Ecology, and College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, Chinabhttps://ror.org/052gg0110Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/052gg0110Leverhulme Centre for Nature Recovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdomdhttps://ror.org/00sc9n023School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Chinaehttps://ror.org/01y1kjr75College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, Chinafhttps://ror.org/01aj84f44Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmarkghttps://ror.org/0106qb496Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, and School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2610728123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2610728123?af=R Structural insights into fosfomycin efflux by a streptococcal ABC transporter https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535933123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceEfflux pumps often play major roles in antibiotic resistance in clinically important pathogens, yet many of these transporters remain poorly defined. In this study, we identify and mechanistically characterize FoeAB, a previously unrecognized ... Structural insights into fosfomycin efflux by a streptococcal ABC transporter doi:10.1073/pnas.2535933123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-28T07:00:00Z Atsushi TaguchiJunso FujitaMikio TanabeDaisuke TakayaKazuo HaradaToshio MoriyaKaori FukuzawaKeiichi NambaKunihiko Nishinoahttps://ror.org/035t8zc32Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japanbhttps://ror.org/035t8zc32SANKEN, The University of Osaka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japanchttps://ror.org/035t8zc32Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japandhttps://ror.org/035t8zc32Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japanehttps://ror.org/035t8zc32JEOL YOKOGUSHI Research Alliance Laboratories, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japanfhttps://ror.org/01g5y5k24Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japanghttps://ror.org/035t8zc32Bioinformatics Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, The University of Osaka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2535933123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535933123?af=R PLASTID ENVELOPE ION CHANNELS (PEC1/2) link Ca2+ and jasmonic acid signaling in plant cells https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2525536123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificancePlants possess rapid defense responses that help them survive environmental stress. Calcium ions (Ca2+) act as universal messengers in these responses. However, their role in plastids, a cell organelle with central function in stress ... PLASTID ENVELOPE ION CHANNELS (PEC1/2) link Ca2+ and jasmonic acid signaling in plant cells doi:10.1073/pnas.2525536123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-28T07:00:00Z Susanne MühlbauerDawid JaślanInês F. Duarte NunesBenjamin BrandtLena WutzKhansa MekkaouiSanja ZenkerJakob RehbergerMarlena RädlerLorenz HolznerConstance TisserantCarsten VölknerAndrea BräutigamSilke RobatzekBettina HauseChristian GrimmHans-Henning KunzaPlant Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germanybhttps://ror.org/02wbcav28Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich 80336, Germanychttps://ror.org/01mzk5576Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle/Saale 06120, Germanydhttps://ror.org/02hpadn98Computational Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germanyehttps://ror.org/02hpadn98Department of Computational Biology, Center of Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, GermanyfGenetics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germanyghttps://ror.org/052gg0110Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdomhhttps://ror.org/01s1h3j07Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Munich/Frankfurt 80799, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2525536123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2525536123?af=R Multiband condensate of magnons in two dimensions https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611490123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceBose–Einstein condensation, superconductivity, and even lasing can be understood as the tendency of identical particles or waves to accumulate in a single-momentum state. A natural way to relax the indistinguishability requirement is to mix ... Multiband condensate of magnons in two dimensions doi:10.1073/pnas.2611490123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-28T07:00:00Z Joe BaileyPavlo SukhachovKorbinian BaumgaertlSimone FinizioSebastian WintzCarsten DubsJörg RaabeDirk GrundlerAlexander BalatskyGabriel Aeppliahttps://ror.org/03eh3y714Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI CH-5232, Switzerlandbhttps://ror.org/02s376052Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerlandchttps://ror.org/05f0yaq80Nordita, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, SwedendLaboratory of Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Magnonics, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fedeérale dé Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerlandehttps://ror.org/02s376052Institute of Microengineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale dé Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerlandfhttps://ror.org/02aj13c28Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin 14109, Germanyghttps://ror.org/016tmz810INNOVENT e.V. Technologieentwicklung, Jena 07745, Germanyhhttps://ror.org/02der9h97Department of Physics, Institute for Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269ihttps://ror.org/05a28rw58Department of Physics and Quantum Center, ETH Zürich, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2611490123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2611490123?af=R Neural network–augmented Pfaffian wave-functions for scalable simulations of interacting fermions https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535288123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceUnderstanding how electrons interact in two-dimensional materials is essential for explaining phenomena like high-temperature superconductivity, but existing numerical methods are often limited by systematic biases. Neural quantum states offer ... Neural network–augmented Pfaffian wave-functions for scalable simulations of interacting fermions doi:10.1073/pnas.2535288123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-28T07:00:00Z Ao ChenZhou-Quan WanAnirvan SenguptaAntoine GeorgesChristopher Rothahttps://ror.org/00sekdz59Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010bhttps://ror.org/05dxps055Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125chttps://ror.org/03p14d497Theoretical Physics III, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg 86135, Germanydhttps://ror.org/00sekdz59Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010ehttps://ror.org/05vt9qd57Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854fhttps://ror.org/04ex24z53Collège de France, Paris 75005, Franceghttps://ror.org/042tfbd02Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS, École Polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau F-91128, Francehhttps://ror.org/01swzsf04Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, Genève CH-1211, Suisse Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2535288123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2535288123?af=R A genetic program for rapid initiation of axillary meristems at the onset of flowering https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605727123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceUnlike the primary shoot apical meristem, axillary meristems form across multiple developmental stages and at various positions along the shoot. These meristems generate a diverse array of axillary shoots that vary in their initiation, pausing,... A genetic program for rapid initiation of axillary meristems at the onset of flowering doi:10.1073/pnas.2605727123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Grace Lhaineikim ChongloiZohar MeirZiva AmsellemIris AviezerOren Ben-KikiZohar MukamelVanessa WahlYuval Eshedahttps://ror.org/0316ej306Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761001, Israelbhttps://ror.org/0316ej306Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science and Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761001, IsraelcDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 761001, Israeldhttps://ror.org/03rzp5127Cell & Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2605727123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2605727123?af=R Quantitative nanoscale imaging shows peptide–MHC I complexes are monomeric and spatially regulated in human dendritic cells https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615838123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>SignificanceAntigen presentation by MHC I molecules is central to cytotoxic T cell immunity, yet its spatial organization at the nanoscale remains poorly defined. Using quantitative single-molecule imaging, we show that peptide–MHC I (pMHC I) complexes on ... Quantitative nanoscale imaging shows peptide–MHC I complexes are monomeric and spatially regulated in human dendritic cells doi:10.1073/pnas.2615838123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-25T07:00:00Z Olivia JacobsTanja MencheCindy HöperFrédéric GerhardsIvica FucekFulvia VascottoMarina S. DietzMike HeilemannRobert Tampéahttps://ror.org/04cvxnb49Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.M. 60438, Germanybhttps://ror.org/04cvxnb49Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.M. 60438, Germanychttps://ror.org/023b0x485TRON gGmbH-Translational Oncology, Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germanydhttps://ror.org/04cvxnb49Cluster of Excellence SubCellular Architecture of Life (SCALE), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.M. 60438, Germany Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2615838123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2615838123?af=R A kinematic convergence in ape and monkey vertical climbing informs debates on early hominin arborealism https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608183123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/>Recent debates on early hominin arborealism center around interpretations of fossilized foot bones as being either “African ape”- or “monkey”- like in their morphology. These dueling interpretations fuel competing locomotor reconstructions of the last ... A kinematic convergence in ape and monkey vertical climbing informs debates on early hominin arborealism doi:10.1073/pnas.2608183123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-17T07:00:00Z Luke D. FanninCarmen PapeW. Scott McGrawahttps://ror.org/049s0rh22Department of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755bhttps://ror.org/02wn5qz54School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY169JP, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/00rs6vg23Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2608183123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2608183123?af=R Auditory ecology of sound localization: Hunting bats maximize forward sensitivity at the expense of interaural location cues https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2623372123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Auditory ecology of sound localization: Hunting bats maximize forward sensitivity at the expense of interaural location cues doi:10.1073/pnas.2623372123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z James A. Traerahttps://ror.org/036jqmy94Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1407 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2623372123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2623372123?af=R Reshaping pathogen ecology in the Anthropocene https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2624730123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Reshaping pathogen ecology in the Anthropocene doi:10.1073/pnas.2624730123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Paul A. Hoskissonahttps://ror.org/00n3w3b69Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2624730123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2624730123?af=R The fragility of splendid isolation: Imminent global threat for the world’s island life https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2623374123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> The fragility of splendid isolation: Imminent global threat for the world’s island life doi:10.1073/pnas.2623374123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Mark V. Lomolinoahttps://ror.org/01q1z8k08Environmental Biology Department, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2623374123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2623374123?af=R Inner ear deficits complicate interpretation of depression-like behaviors in Gpr156 mutant mice https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609064123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Inner ear deficits complicate interpretation of depression-like behaviors in Gpr156 mutant mice doi:10.1073/pnas.2609064123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Basile TarchiniRuth Anne EatockKatie S. KindtCesare OrlandiKathleen E. Cullenahttps://ror.org/021sy4w91The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609bhttps://ror.org/024mw5h28Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637chttps://ror.org/04mhx6838Section on Sensory Cell Development and Function, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MA 20892dhttps://ror.org/00trqv719Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642ehttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2609064123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2609064123?af=R Myelination sustains axonal bioenergetics by storing and consuming oxygen for aerobic metabolism https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2526705123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Myelination sustains axonal bioenergetics by storing and consuming oxygen for aerobic metabolism doi:10.1073/pnas.2526705123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Isabella PanfoliGiovanni CandianoMaurizio Bruschiahttps://ror.org/0107c5v14Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italybhttps://ror.org/0424g0k78Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Genoa 16147, Italychttps://ror.org/0107c5v14Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italy Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2526705123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2526705123?af=R Correction for Sharp et al., Extreme triple oxygen isotope fractionation in Equisetum https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626418123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Correction for Sharp et al., Extreme triple oxygen isotope fractionation in Equisetum doi:10.1073/pnas.2626418123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626418123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626418123?af=R Correction for Huang and Dong, From a beautiful circuit to a viable therapy: Addressing the translational chasm in acupuncture-based neuromodulation https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2627926123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Correction for Huang and Dong, From a beautiful circuit to a viable therapy: Addressing the translational chasm in acupuncture-based neuromodulation doi:10.1073/pnas.2627926123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2627926123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2627926123?af=R Correction for Closson et al., Context-dependent variability of HIF heterodimers influences interactions with macromolecular and small molecule partners https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2627985123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Correction for Closson et al., Context-dependent variability of HIF heterodimers influences interactions with macromolecular and small molecule partners doi:10.1073/pnas.2627985123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2627985123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2627985123?af=R Correction for Sireci et al., Environmental fluctuations explain the universal decay of species-abundance correlations with phylogenetic distance https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626545123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Correction for Sireci et al., Environmental fluctuations explain the universal decay of species-abundance correlations with phylogenetic distance doi:10.1073/pnas.2626545123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-28T07:00:00Z Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626545123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626545123?af=R Reply to Panfoli et al.: From O2 consumption in myelin to gap junctional ATP delivery in axons: An energy link needing further scrutiny https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604869123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Reply to Panfoli et al.: From O2 consumption in myelin to gap junctional ATP delivery in axons: An energy link needing further scrutiny doi:10.1073/pnas.2604869123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-24T07:00:00Z Katja WitschasAn GhyselsLuc Leybaertahttps://ror.org/033003e23Biophysics of the Eye - Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere 3433520, Finlandbhttps://ror.org/00cv9y106Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Biophysical Models for Medical Applications Group, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgiumchttps://ror.org/00cv9y106Department of Fundamental and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2604869123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2604869123?af=R Perfectibility in science and democracy: Institutions that learn https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626408123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> Perfectibility in science and democracy: Institutions that learn doi:10.1073/pnas.2626408123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-26T07:00:00Z Harvey V. FinebergaDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Emeritus, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626408123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626408123?af=R QnAs with Catherine L. Johnson https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626540123?af=R Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 35, September 2026. <br/> QnAs with Catherine L. Johnson doi:10.1073/pnas.2626540123 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2026-08-21T07:00:00Z Sandeep Ravindran Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 35 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 2026-09-01T07:00:00Z 10.1073/pnas.2626540123 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2626540123?af=R