<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607</id><updated>2024-11-06T03:59:18.080+01:00</updated><category term="ARES"/><category term="Arduino mega2560"/><category term="Circuit"/><category term="CoolTerm"/><category term="ISIS"/><category term="LCD"/><category term="PIC"/><category term="Programation"/><category term="Shield"/><category term="Water flow sensor"/><category term="XCTU"/><category term="ZigBee xBee"/><category term="keypad"/><title type='text'>Project [Electronics-Development-Programming]</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>8</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607.post-6857978079386106670</id><published>2019-09-04T02:59:00.002+01:00</published><updated>2021-08-23T14:29:24.084+01:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;i&gt;Different SOC multiprotocol model&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd-iQ3rTVyxNw-jRWpWkB2MJ5FsXLq48Sl_AYzvFN9wbUjcN2yxWpfNioh8_Jaz87ayD0WxXVQnGP8R8nBEXHeRm-cMPLGQLGDL6LbToHS4e_qei2AMP9KIO-a2Rnoag9POQFHdQcqdyyN/s1600/NRF52840-PDK.webp&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;640&quot; data-original-width=&quot;640&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd-iQ3rTVyxNw-jRWpWkB2MJ5FsXLq48Sl_AYzvFN9wbUjcN2yxWpfNioh8_Jaz87ayD0WxXVQnGP8R8nBEXHeRm-cMPLGQLGDL6LbToHS4e_qei2AMP9KIO-a2Rnoag9POQFHdQcqdyyN/s400/NRF52840-PDK.webp&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Nordic
Semiconductor is a company that specializes in ultra-low power performance
wireless systems on a chip (SoC) and connectivity devices&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;. It will
produce several models of nRF SOC that can be used in our application, but we
will choose just the most compatible and efficient SoC that ensures the good
functioning of our system, so we will study and see the different
specifications of some SoC, and here is the descriptive table of each model.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;BT module&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;

&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;MsoTableGrid&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; text-align: justify; width: 608px;&quot;&gt;
 &lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;module&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;BT832F/BT832AF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;BT832X&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;BT840F&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;BT840&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 25.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;&quot;&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 25.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;SoC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 25.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;nRF52832/810&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 25.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;nRF52832&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 25.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;nRF52840&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 25.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;nRF52840&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;BT range,1 Mbps, LMPI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;760 meters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;1140 meters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;1000 meters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;150 meters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 35.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;&quot;&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 35.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;BT range, 125 Kbps&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 35.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;---&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 35.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;---&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 35.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;2300 meters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 35.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;320 meters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Peak current RX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;5.4 mA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;---&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;6.4 mA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;6.4 mA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Peak current TX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;7.5mA +4dBm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;95mA +20dBm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;13.6mA +8dBm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;13.6mA +8dBm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Flash&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;512KB/192KB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;512KB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;1MB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;1MB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;RAM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;64KB/24KB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;64KB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;256KB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;256KB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;GPIO pins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;32&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;48&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;48&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 129.9pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;173&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Price&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 102.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;137&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;$4.93/$3.79&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78.85pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;105&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;$11.50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 78pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;$7.78&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 66.35pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;88&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 6pt; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;$6.46&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;From the
previous table, we can say that our SOC must be the most BT range possible with
the lowest price, so we chose the BT840E wireless modules that are
characterized by power, flexibility and low power consumption, also it has all
our needs and a better price compared to others.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Using SOC Nordic nRF52840 is the solution of our problems since it is able to manage our system with all requirements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2MoKzVCRShop5gdGK9WHNREtQukw4v9_1Z2PgXBvhMrXUuzrvnhtwGzmf13uXF2qxv8iBOQc9GjRrIUdQpcKqXE3lJLce3XaKqcAGBV4vhT104gTrUk0PneLj69FmFY9smBFHxcagOcPR/s1600/EV-BM832-small.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;537&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1000&quot; height=&quot;308&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2MoKzVCRShop5gdGK9WHNREtQukw4v9_1Z2PgXBvhMrXUuzrvnhtwGzmf13uXF2qxv8iBOQc9GjRrIUdQpcKqXE3lJLce3XaKqcAGBV4vhT104gTrUk0PneLj69FmFY9smBFHxcagOcPR/w576-h308/EV-BM832-small.jpg&quot; width=&quot;576&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940154&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;😐The global nRF system&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The nRF52840 is a powerful multiprotocol single chip solution for ULP wireless applications . It incorporates Nordic’s best inclass performance radio transceiver, an ARM Cortex M4F CPU and 512kB flash and 256kB RAM memory.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940155&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940155&quot;&gt;👉S&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940155&quot;&gt;pecifications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;The&amp;nbsp;nRF52840&amp;nbsp;SoC
is part of the nRF52 Series that offers code-compatible devices across the series
and simple software migration from the nRF51 Series.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;😃&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;nRF52840&amp;nbsp;supports&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Bluetooth&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;Low
Energy, the ANT, 802.15.4, and user-proprietary 2.4 GHz protocols (high
quality). An 802.15.4 protocol library and a certified USB stack are also
available.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;§&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: large; text-indent: -24px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; text-indent: -24px;&quot;&gt;😃&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;The 802.15.4 is a communication protocol defined by the IEEE. It is
intended for wireless LAN networks of the LR WPAN (Low Rate Wireless Personal
Area Network) family due to their low power consumption, their short-range and
the low speed of devices using this protocol.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;§&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: large; text-indent: -24px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; text-indent: -24px;&quot;&gt;😃&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;802.15.4 is used by many implementations based on proprietary
protocols or IP (Internet Protocol), such as ZigBee and 6LoWPAN.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940156&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;👉👉&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Code development&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Code development is
easy, fast and safe, thanks to the clear between application code development
and embedded protocol stacks that ensure compile, link and execution
independence with the stack and associated debugging challenges.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The Bluetooth low energy and ANT stack is a pre-compiled binary,
leaving application code to be compiled stand-alone.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;An asynchronous model is used by the embedded stack interface that
is driven by the events to eliminate the need for RTOS frameworks.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Soft Devices&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; are all Nordic
protocol stacks dedicated to SoC nRF52 that are programmable software stacks
from Nordic which ensures the flexibility of the developed applications.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;The development tools&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; are provided
by Nordic Semiconductor with a full range of hardware and software (firmware
development).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940157&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940156&quot;&gt;👉👉👉&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;&quot;&gt;Block diagram&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgsodTpFt3GkqvLEoO95n3jUbvfjWNc7hCZ4U-KnADTnxU_YzFRYnX95rW1z2crJR2NPXjf9XVqMMHwQv5tF6Z4jDggPmsxT7qDFjTZ031Hr6u2AwghxGTFN7G8cGsnhxliZJNVd4dZEaS/s1600/block+diagram.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;894&quot; data-original-width=&quot;608&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgsodTpFt3GkqvLEoO95n3jUbvfjWNc7hCZ4U-KnADTnxU_YzFRYnX95rW1z2crJR2NPXjf9XVqMMHwQv5tF6Z4jDggPmsxT7qDFjTZ031Hr6u2AwghxGTFN7G8cGsnhxliZJNVd4dZEaS/s1600/block+diagram.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;we will study the different internal elements of nRF multi-Protocol
and see the interconnections between them in order to understand its modes of
operation and determine the necessary GPIOs that complete our needs.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940160&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;👉👉👉👉Main components of SoC
multi-Protocol&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;In this
paragraph, we will define the main functions of our SOC based on the modules
and devices available in this IC, so we will divide the device descriptions
into separate sections containing the information needed to understand the
operating modes and ensure the proper use of this product.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940161&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;☝CPU&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ARM Cortex M4
processor with floating-point unit (FPU) has a 32-bit instruction set (Thumb 2
technology) that implements a superset of 16 and 32-bit instructions to
maximize code density and performance. Processors developed since the 1980s,
with architecture relatively simpler than others processor families. ARM
processors have become dominant in the field of embedded computing, especially
mobile telephony and tablets [13].&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940162&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;👆Characteristics&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ARM processor
is characterized by a simple RISC architecture and a pipeline structure. It is
able to access memory with several methods and the most common is the load /
store. The Cortex M4 processor incorporates several features, for example,
multiple high-performance bus interfaces, a low-cost debug solution with the
optional ability to implement breakpoints, code patches, watchpoints, tracing,
and system profiling, also to support&amp;nbsp;printf ()&amp;nbsp;style debugging and
bridge to a&amp;nbsp;Trace Port Analyzer&amp;nbsp;(TPA). Arm also contains several
devices and components boost their performance and reliability that we will
define them later.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.4pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;We can also mention the external interfaces of Cortex M4 such as&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; multiple
memory and device bus interfaces, ETM interface trace and debug port interface.
ARM processor requires Software Interface Standard (CMSIS) hardware abstraction
layer which is available for our M4 version.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940163&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;☝Architecture
(Block diagram)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0pt; mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0pt;&quot;&gt;The following figure shows the
Cortex M4 block diagram, which illustrates all the main internal modules and
interfaces.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;FR&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 

 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14558790;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Cortex M4 block diagram&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9Z4eNjRTN9HPpxH9QJHyNaNKEL4b1QV6TdZbuJHDU8HkBu5EHgWJMmeTYnwtH0_F9kMXEwfsbKX4a6JIh6YrMVYu6a40ElBymX2kQaG5uRqU0Tq-Xj6AP-FOtg3mHyjd-b6FSDxlMEGoD/s1600/h.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;419&quot; data-original-width=&quot;524&quot; height=&quot;318&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9Z4eNjRTN9HPpxH9QJHyNaNKEL4b1QV6TdZbuJHDU8HkBu5EHgWJMmeTYnwtH0_F9kMXEwfsbKX4a6JIh6YrMVYu6a40ElBymX2kQaG5uRqU0Tq-Xj6AP-FOtg3mHyjd-b6FSDxlMEGoD/s400/h.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;


&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940164&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;✌&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;CPU
options and support module&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;The ARM Cortex-M4 processor has a number of CPU options and support
modules&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;implemented on the device.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940165&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 👇Optional
integrated configurable debug&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;A hardware debugging solution can be implemented with ARM M4 processor
to provide high CPU and memory system visibility using a 2-pin JTAG port or
2-pin Serial Wire Debug (SWD) port.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;There are several units and peripherals built into the processor
for proper system operation and monitoring, including Trace Macrocell
instrumentation (ITM), data monitoring points and profiling unit, and a Serial
Wire Viewer (SWV) can export a stream of software-generated messages, data
trace, and profiling information through a single pin. Many low-cost MCUs can
implement a complete trace of the instructions thanks to the optional Embedded
Trace Macrocell (ETM) system. Debuggers can use comparators that are provided
by the optional Flash Patch and Breakpoint Unit (FPB), and these comparators
also provide remap functions with up to eight words in the program code.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940166&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 👇Floating
Point Unit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Each processor has
at least one calculation unit for performing certain operations such as
addition, subtraction and multiplication, the other operations can be
implemented in software, for example, and the difference between these
processors is the ability to perform complex computations. With precision and
without limitation the speed execution, so here comes the role and the
importance of FPU which allows to calculate all complex operations. ARM has an
FPU that supports multiple operations with a single precision, so it provides
conversion between fixed-point and floating-point data formats, as well as
floating-point constant instructions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👌&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;FPU functional&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;FPU has the ability to see the register bank containing an
extension registry file with 32 single precision registers, so we can have
these as 64-bit dual word registers (D0-D15), 32-bit single- word registers
(S0-S31) and a combination of these registers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;The FPU provides three modes of operation to accommodate a variety
of applications:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Full-compliance
mode &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Flush-to-zero
mode&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Default
NaN mode&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;






&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;The ARM has output pins that support the cumulative exception
status flag that is set by the FPU into the FPSCR register, so ARM has a lazy
stack to reduce exception latency as well to reserve the place for FP state
without registration of this information.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940167&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;👇Memory
Protection Unit (MPU)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;One of the
specifications that boost the performance of ARM such as security and well
process management is that it has a memory protection unit (MPU), this unit is
a full support use for protection, access authorization and the ascending
region priority which is the most important such that the highest priority is
7, and 0 for the lowest.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;So, there is a control access
register which has access authorization bits to the region (TEX, C, B, AP and
XN) which generates an error during unauthorized memory access and all that to
ensure good management of priority and decision.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;In addition, each MPU_TYPE has a specific address corresponding to
a region defines the MPU Type register (Control, alias, size ...).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940168&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18.72px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;👇&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Nested
Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Our choice of ARM
processor is confirmed by the low power consumption since ARM has the possibility
to control the power management and the management of exceptions and
interruptions, thanks to optional component in ARM called NVIC. This last
maintains knowledge of the stacked, or nested, interrupts to enable
tail-chaining of interrupts, it supports up to 240 interrupts each with up to
256 levels of priority.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;In privileged mode, we can access the NVIC by keeping the
Configuration Control Register deactivated to avoid interrupts and enter a
state in the user mode.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;NVIC registers are located within the SCS and are all little endian.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;There are two types of interrupts associated with the ARM
processor:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Level Interrupt: Used for FIFO and Buffer devices, and consists of
being held until cleared by ISR accessing the device or by repeated calls.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;A pulse interrupt can be reasserted during the ISR so that the
interrupt can be in the pending state and active at the same time.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;These interrupts are mainly used for external signals and for rate
or repeat signals.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The operation undergoes time
conditions such that the second pulse does not arrive before the first pulse is
activated. The second entry in the pending state has no effect because it is
already in this state. However, if the interruption is triggered for at least
one cycle, the NVIC locks the pending bit. When ISR is enabled, the pending bit
is cleared. If the interrupt reapplies while it is enabled, it can lock the
pending bit again.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940169&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 👇ARM Debug
Interface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;This interface
makes it possible to specify and manage the different accesses mapped in memory
to the ARM or SoC devices constituting our complete system. The processor
architecture defines registers that will be covered by this debug interface
specification such as the target address, data transfer, status and port
identification ...).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;The processor performs several tasks, it
will process elements and transmits them to the PC via the JTAG, and during
this process, components internal to the processor called macrocell collect
information on the elements processed.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;There are several types such as
Macrocel Information, Macrocell Trace, Macrocell Embedded trace, Macrocell Bus
and so on.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940170&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;☝☝Bus
Architecture&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;A system bus is
characterized by debit and protocol. There are several compromises between the
complexity of the bus and its performance. We find the same thing in a SoC.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940171&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18.72px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Bus
interconnection&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Time-sharing
interconnection system connect the processor to the memory &amp;amp; peripherals
(example: ISA bus).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940172&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18.72px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Buses
designed for SoCs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Several bus
standards exist specifically for SOCs to avoid several external and internal
constraints and to increase system speed since all transactions are done
internally.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Here are some of the most used standards &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The
AMBA standard (essentially around ARM processors)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;IBM&#39;s
Core Connect standard for PowerPCs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;STBus
standard, defined by ST Micro (use +/- internal)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Avalon
standard used by Altera (SOPCBuilder)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940173&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18.72px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Characteristics&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 74.7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Complex
protocols, with multiple masters&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;High
performance-oriented bus (&quot;burst&quot; transfers)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Simplified
protocol if performance is not a constraint.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;






&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) designed by ARM,
and simplifies integration at the system level.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Advanced High-Performance Bus (AHB): bus fast, synchronous,
multi_master system.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Advance System Bus (ASB): an alternative to the AHB system, used in
cases where the high performance of the AHB bus is not required.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB): Peripheral bus, slower and lower
power consumption (for slow devices), synchronous, single master.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;To implement the AMBA protocol, ARM provides three bus interfaces
such as 3 AHB-Lite Protocol, AMBA 3 APB for CoreSight and Debug Components,
AMBA 3 APB Specification.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940174&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;✌✌&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Memory&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Storing information
meets three non-exclusive needs, retains information in a secure place to meet,
a legal or conventional constraint (data archiving), make information
available, reuse information (data processing).The method of storage is chosen
according to several criteria such as the frequency of use of the information,
the criticality of the information, the continuity of the information, the
confidentiality of the information, the volume of information to be stored,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;the time allocated to the storage process and its cost. The
watchword for storage techniques is: more capacity, faster, more reliable, and
cheaper. This is why media types are varied and often evolve. There are several
types of memory for storing codes and data so we can cite RAM and flash memory
which are integrated in our nRF Multiprotocol.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940175&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18.72px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;RAM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;System memory or volatile memory (Random Access Memory): the
computer memory in which a computer places the data during their processing,
they characterize by:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Its
timeliness of access (essential to provide data to the processor quickly)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Its
volatility (this volatility implies that data is lost as soon as the computer
stops being powered by electricity).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;There are 9 AHB RAM slaves that are connected to 2 * 4 kB of RAM
sections, except RAM AHB slave 8 which is connected to 6 * 32 kB. The RAM
contains a configuration register which ensures the power control of each
section of the RAM to minimize energy consumption and optimize energy
efficiency.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940176&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18.72px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Flash
memory&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Flash memory is a
re-recordable semiconductor mass memory, that is to say a memory with the
characteristics of a RAM but whose data does not disappear during a power down.
Thus, the flash memory stores the data bits in memory cells, but the data is
stored in memory when the power supply is cut. Its high speed, service life and
low power consumption (which is even zero at rest) make it very useful for many
applications. There are two buses (ICODE and DCODE) that connect the flash
memory to the CPU and provide access to each 256 * 4 KB pages.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Our system does not
require external memory since there is 1 MB of flash memory and 256 KB of RAM
in the nRF52 (sufficient space for code and data storage).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;FR&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;
 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14558791;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Memory
map&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1oJ_yF_xOyDZQBUkHhUX8VLXMrvJysu_eDavT8-GMmk0-rMFaoeulM-dN2Y4Hf3Xqm7rctTjUD3sw29X8KCYnod5LCmokXclyiEZEFEQ7KWbD12IEqxYfNPhckM26RNUNQ0ucdE3mfqIq/s1600/m.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;429&quot; data-original-width=&quot;348&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1oJ_yF_xOyDZQBUkHhUX8VLXMrvJysu_eDavT8-GMmk0-rMFaoeulM-dN2Y4Hf3Xqm7rctTjUD3sw29X8KCYnod5LCmokXclyiEZEFEQ7KWbD12IEqxYfNPhckM26RNUNQ0ucdE3mfqIq/s400/m.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14558791;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;The CPU and the Peripherals having EasyDMA can access memory via
the AHB Multilayer Interconnect.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940177&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;☝☝☝AHB
Multilayer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;To ensure a high
speed of communication between the different Soc devices, the designers offer a
well-structured architecture that allows parallel access between several
masters and slaves of the system using AHB Multilayer.&amp;nbsp;Each master bus is
connected to the slave equipment using an interconnection matrix, and when two
or more bus masters request access to the same slave device, a priority
algorithm is applied to resolve access therefore:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Access
to slave equipment is given to the master with the highest priority compared to
another requesters access.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Bus
masters with lower priority are stalled until the higher priority master has completed
its transaction.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;If the higher priority master pauses at any
point during its transaction, the lower priority master in queue is temporarily
granted access to the slave device until the higher priority master resumes its
activity.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Access
is forbidden at the same time, so bus masters that have the same priority are
mutually exclusive.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940178&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;✌✌✌EasyDMA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;EasyDMA is an
easy-to-use direct memory access module, and it is an AHB bus master similar to
the CPU and it is connected to the AHB multilayer interconnect for direct
access to the Data RAM.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Flash access is not possible with
the EasyDMA.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;A peripheral can implement multiple EasyDMA instances as mentioned
in figure 2.3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;FR&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;
 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14558792;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;EasyDMA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiub0wTKEoj9zutX_IYFCi02K2Y3CxreluCljbg5yRwyeuT3R68S-BftQZcgTIqLPKotRVWVLf4sFFdVIzHp1eExa_MlC6dJa7f-yRTKjUy_dg9kYxf_AFM49NuV06b2YKkXEsHq6rp7uP2/s1600/e.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;295&quot; data-original-width=&quot;605&quot; height=&quot;193&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiub0wTKEoj9zutX_IYFCi02K2Y3CxreluCljbg5yRwyeuT3R68S-BftQZcgTIqLPKotRVWVLf4sFFdVIzHp1eExa_MlC6dJa7f-yRTKjUy_dg9kYxf_AFM49NuV06b2YKkXEsHq6rp7uP2/s400/e.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940179&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;☝✌Non-Volatile
Memory Controller (NVMC)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The number of flash
memory read by the CPU is unlimited while writing and deleting is limited and
well determined as well as how it can be written. The non-volatile memory
controller (NVMC) is used for writing and erasing the internal flash memory and
the UICR (user information configuration registers,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;non-volatile memory registers for
configuring user-specific settings).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;In summary, here is
a memory layout that defines the different devices and the connection between
them, this architecture is well structured based on mapping the same physical
RAM to both the Data RAM region and the Code RAM region, also the existence of
an application to partition the RAM in those regions so that one does not
corrupt the other.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14558793;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Memory layout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14558793;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyzKnVNUdTYTsfY1buoZBuMxD8d-fg_sdxWPHeqbQ7Qo0NEANbZoSBSh0jFycOy0rNCz5myS3R_J7nR72qUwpOE2LcYj202NKG3TruatCAf6nwkvd0jo8ZjF_DSt33ZuFuhJ0zJtk8MpX7/s1600/mm.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;430&quot; data-original-width=&quot;566&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyzKnVNUdTYTsfY1buoZBuMxD8d-fg_sdxWPHeqbQ7Qo0NEANbZoSBSh0jFycOy0rNCz5myS3R_J7nR72qUwpOE2LcYj202NKG3TruatCAf6nwkvd0jo8ZjF_DSt33ZuFuhJ0zJtk8MpX7/s1600/mm.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940180&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;☝☝✌Power
management unit (PMU)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Power management
automatically detects power and clock resources and selects operating modes of
power controllers to minimize power consumption, so there are LDO and DC / DC
controllers that optimize the energy efficiency of the system.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;The system can be powered by one of two voltage modes, normal mode
or high voltage mode.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Normal
mode:&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt; When the supply voltage is connected to the VDD pins, this mode is
activated (1.7 v to 3.6 v).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;High
mode:&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt; When the supply voltage is connected to the VDDH pins, this mode is
activated. (2.5 v to 5.5 v)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Only one pin must be connected by the supply voltage, that is why
there is a register MAIN REGSTATUS allows to read the current mode of supply.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;We can power the system via the USB device, but this is not the
case in our application because we use a battery as power source (external
power) and the USB device exists except for UART communication. So according to
the datasheet we will choose the circuit configuration V.6 which consists in
feeding the two pins VDD and VDDH in common with a stabilized power supply
(battery) comes from an external regulator.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940181&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;✌☝Peripheral
interface&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;There are event registers and interrupts that can be configured for
a given event used to indicate peripheral events to the CPU that is the
controller of these devices by writing in configuration registers and task
registries.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;Ø&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Peripheral ID&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;The base address is directly connected with the peripheral ID which
is associated with a block of 0x1000 bytes of address space that means 1024
32-bit registers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;FR&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;
 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Connection between base address and peripheral ID&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEtqmiYi2zecRcSgyEa_IWfETcjN_8VlPEv6NW1f23AWIC1lVck7MIGArSmSnCZFYRTQy1skBziZxYn4zoxE9nIzzxLaPq9hyphenhyphenOPPQpKeMqs1ghU6ktC5HmQ6K9dfR0gpbBNPYRiPbjdsne/s1600/c.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;154&quot; data-original-width=&quot;468&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEtqmiYi2zecRcSgyEa_IWfETcjN_8VlPEv6NW1f23AWIC1lVck7MIGArSmSnCZFYRTQy1skBziZxYn4zoxE9nIzzxLaPq9hyphenhyphenOPPQpKeMqs1ghU6ktC5HmQ6K9dfR0gpbBNPYRiPbjdsne/s1600/c.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Peripherals may share the same ID, which may impose one or more of
limitations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Sharing
registers or other common resources.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Limitation
when using devices (Only one device).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;A
specific schema must be followed when switching from one device to another
(Disable first and activate the second device).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;








&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;😃&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Peripherals with shared ID&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;In general, simultaneous use of peripherals sharing an ID and a
base address is prohibited, so one device can be used at a time. we can note
the exception of ID 0.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;😃&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Peripheral registers&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;This is about enabling devices to perform certain tasks and events,
so there is a configuration of device registers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;😃&lt;u&gt;Bit set and clear&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;There is a &quot;set-and-clear&quot; model that tracks the main
register through a dedicated SET and CLR register. The SET is used to define
individual bits in the main register, while the CLR register is used to clear
individual bits in the main register.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Reading the SET or CLR registers returns the value of the main
register.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;SET=1: register will set&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;|&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;SET=0: register has no
effect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;CLR=1: register will clear&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;|&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;CLR=0: register has no
effect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;We will explain four different types of actions that are tasks,
events, shortcuts, and interrupts.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Tasks&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Triggering actions on a device requires the presence of tasks, so a
device can implement one or more tasks with each task having a separate
register in the group of registers. The triggering of a task can be done when:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Firmware
writes 1 to the task register &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The
peripheral itself or another peripheral toggles the corresponding task signal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;v&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; text-indent: -24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Events&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;While events are used to inform devices and the CPU of events that
have occurred, and like tasks, each event with a separate registry in the event
register group of a sui device can generate more events. When the device itself
switches the corresponding event signal and the event register is updated, then
the event is generated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;An event register is only cleared when firmware writes 0 to it.
Events can be generated by the peripheral even when the event register is set
to 1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;v&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; text-indent: -24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Shortcuts&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;A direct connection between an event and a task in the same device
is called shortcut. When an event associated with a shortcut is generated then
its associated task is automatically triggered.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;v&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; text-indent: -24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Interrupts&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Interrupts are supported in all devices, and events are responsible
for generating interrupts that are distributed so that each device occupies
only one event and the device ID.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;v&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; text-indent: -24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 24px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Interrupt clearing&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;Entering &quot;0&quot; in an event register or disabling an
interrupt using the INTENCLR register cancels an interrupt, and according to
the manufacturer, up to four clock cycles can be the CPU, so this delay can
cause the reoccur of an interruption even if a new event has not happened. In
fact, the program leaves an interrupt manager after the interruption has been
erased or deactivated, but before four clock cycles have elapsed. So, to avoid
this problem the program must read from one of the device registers, for example,
the INTENCLR register used to disable the interrupt.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;This will cause a delay of less than four cycles and will ensure
that the interrupt is cleared before exiting the interrupt handler.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;FR&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;
 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14558795;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;The relationship between tasks, events, shortcuts, and interrupts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzztcZcnpfsUeSfqSgdKlDkHFLwBf-q9XEaAnsKhVnUQnO9oKYuNifteJ5rdQUKM8d_GLBay5t9ZYxG9Gg1vKQL6xO3r2CqUAZkx6INI5JtCL3ZYbGXecSz__wX8O6mOOh1i4-b0H1U2uV/s1600/r.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;458&quot; data-original-width=&quot;706&quot; height=&quot;259&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzztcZcnpfsUeSfqSgdKlDkHFLwBf-q9XEaAnsKhVnUQnO9oKYuNifteJ5rdQUKM8d_GLBay5t9ZYxG9Gg1vKQL6xO3r2CqUAZkx6INI5JtCL3ZYbGXecSz__wX8O6mOOh1i4-b0H1U2uV/s400/r.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14940182&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;✌☝☝Debug IN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;Flexibility and
power are one of the basic features that must be found in every system, so the
designers take in consideration debugging and monitoring the system to ensure
control and smooth operation. In our case, the nRF52 module has a debug and
trace block connected with the ARM processor, the following figure shows the
latter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;, serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;break-after: avoid; line-height: 150%; page-break-after: avoid; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;FR&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;
 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14558796;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Debug and trace block diagram&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiULuAgxC8fAsqc3XtDqZU3VtRC5TiAkfyzB0TNmKLN7pXzGgvQmSENCV4cYOZj8eseA0ns4DRjI9olZ7zIh-CPhgGCfudbKPBTKNQt3G8C6E_QlBXJCuLC6w3YleTxTVjqizOMxuBjiW_t/s1600/d.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;365&quot; data-original-width=&quot;738&quot; height=&quot;316&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiULuAgxC8fAsqc3XtDqZU3VtRC5TiAkfyzB0TNmKLN7pXzGgvQmSENCV4cYOZj8eseA0ns4DRjI9olZ7zIh-CPhgGCfudbKPBTKNQt3G8C6E_QlBXJCuLC6w3YleTxTVjqizOMxuBjiW_t/s640/d.png&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;There is a protocol
called Serial Wire Debug (SWD) implied by the debug port (SW-DP), this protocol
is a two-pin SWDCLK and SWDIO serial interface, and as shown in the figure
above, all of these form the DAP that provides access to the devices after
passing through the Control Access Port (CTRL-AP), thus the default access port
in the CPU (AHB-AP).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;...............................&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;after......................&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;a name=&#39;more&#39;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/6857978079386106670/comments/default' title='Publier les commentaires'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/09/different-soc-multiprotocol-model.html#comment-form' title='0 commentaires'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/6857978079386106670'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/6857978079386106670'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/09/different-soc-multiprotocol-model.html' title=''/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd-iQ3rTVyxNw-jRWpWkB2MJ5FsXLq48Sl_AYzvFN9wbUjcN2yxWpfNioh8_Jaz87ayD0WxXVQnGP8R8nBEXHeRm-cMPLGQLGDL6LbToHS4e_qei2AMP9KIO-a2Rnoag9POQFHdQcqdyyN/s72-c/NRF52840-PDK.webp" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607.post-7886465393261668432</id><published>2019-08-29T11:52:00.004+01:00</published><updated>2021-08-23T14:43:27.441+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Microprocessor characteristics  &amp;  Architecture Classifications</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612594&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Microprocessor characteristics&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;amp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;h3 class=&quot;LC20lb&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; display: inline-flex; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ellip&quot; style=&quot;display: inline; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cs.uwm.edu/classes/cs315/Bacon/Lecture/HTML/ch05s05.html&quot; ping=&quot;/url?sa=t&amp;amp;source=web&amp;amp;rct=j&amp;amp;url=http://www.cs.uwm.edu/classes/cs315/Bacon/Lecture/HTML/ch05s05.html&amp;amp;ved=2ahUKEwiniKe266fkAhXNRhUIHUHeDFwQFjACegQIDBAE&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #01ffff; color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Architecture Classifications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #01ffff;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #01ffff;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: white; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt; &lt;b&gt;microprocessor &lt;/b&gt;is a processor whose all components have been sufficiently miniaturized to be grouped in a single box. Functionally, the processor is the part of a computer that executes instructions and processes program data.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;The integrated circuit (IC)&lt;/b&gt;, also called electronic chip, is an electronic component, based on a semiconductor, reproducing one or more electronic function (s) more or less complex (s), often integrating several types basic electronic components in a small volume (on a small plate), making the circuit easy to implement.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;There is a very wide variety of these components divided into two broad categories: analog and digital.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A computer program&lt;/b&gt; is a set of operations intended to be executed by a computer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A source program&lt;/b&gt; is a code written by a computer scientist in a programming language. It can be compiled into a binary form or directly interpreted.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A binary program&lt;/b&gt; describes the instructions to be executed by a microprocessor in digital form. These instructions define a machine language.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A program&lt;/b&gt; is usually part of a software package: a set of digital components intended to provide an IT service; software may have multiple programs. It is found in computer devices (computer, game console, ATM machine ...), in computer equipment parts, as well as in many electronic devices (printer, modem, GPS, mobile phone, washing machine, appliance digital photo, digital TV decoder, electronic injection, autopilot ...).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Computer programs are concerned by copyright and are subject to legislation close to artistic works.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB9t9zDEwkcaAo2rvQtaKrhyphenhypheni5IYSRkznhwQQeYvilTcphgpN7EZHROE2pHyNHVD3FV6T_uzdLvugEIdWdw81t4ZLaguglmVaFLAGLwdLqJ613GhGcAuRX5tseldyrCFjj-5TI1Qx7UlUg/s1600/micrprc.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;329&quot; data-original-width=&quot;496&quot; height=&quot;237&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB9t9zDEwkcaAo2rvQtaKrhyphenhypheni5IYSRkznhwQQeYvilTcphgpN7EZHROE2pHyNHVD3FV6T_uzdLvugEIdWdw81t4ZLaguglmVaFLAGLwdLqJ613GhGcAuRX5tseldyrCFjj-5TI1Qx7UlUg/w358-h237/micrprc.jpg&quot; width=&quot;358&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612594&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Microprocessor
characteristic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Microprocessor possesses a
combination of characteristics which determine their power expressed in
millions of instructions per second (MIPS), these characteristics are
distributed according to several terms, we can distinguish the physical
characteristics such as connection type, the shape, internal cache capacity
etc., and the electrical characteristics that define the power consumption and
operating speed expressed in megahertz. These last characteristics are
insufficient to determine processor efficiency and performance, it is necessary
to determine the logical characteristics by defining the architecture (RISC or
CISC) and thus the set of instructions and the frequency.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612595&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Performance
of a processor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Two parameters
can be used to measure the processor performance:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The response time or execution time of a
certain task: time elapsed between the start and the end of the task.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Throughput: the total amount of work done in a
certain time.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Improving the
response time always implies an improvement in the throughput. However, the
opposite is not always true: an increase in the number of processors of a
computer increases throughput, without necessarily improving response time.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;We will
consider the execution time as a parameter principal for calculating the
performance of a processor.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte msEquation 12]&gt;&lt;m:oMathPara&gt;&lt;m:oMath&gt;&lt;i
  style=&#39;mso-bidi-font-style:normal&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:13.0pt;line-height:
  200%;font-family:&quot;Cambria Math&quot;,serif;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;
  mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi&#39;&gt;&lt;m:r&gt;Performance&lt;/m:r&gt;&lt;m:r&gt;=&lt;/m:r&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;m:f&gt;&lt;m:fPr&gt;&lt;span
    style=&#39;font-size:13.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;
    font-family:&quot;Cambria Math&quot;,serif;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Cambria Math&quot;;
    mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Cambria Math&quot;;
    mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
    font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal&#39;&gt;&lt;m:ctrlPr&gt;&lt;/m:ctrlPr&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/m:fPr&gt;&lt;m:num&gt;&lt;i
    style=&#39;mso-bidi-font-style:normal&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:13.0pt;
    line-height:200%;font-family:&quot;Cambria Math&quot;,serif;mso-fareast-font-family:
    &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-theme-font:
    major-bidi&#39;&gt;&lt;m:r&gt;1&lt;/m:r&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/m:num&gt;&lt;m:den&gt;&lt;i style=&#39;mso-bidi-font-style:
    normal&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:13.0pt;line-height:200%;font-family:&quot;Cambria Math&quot;,serif;
    mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;
    mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi&#39;&gt;&lt;m:r&gt;execution&lt;/m:r&gt;&lt;m:r&gt; &lt;/m:r&gt;&lt;m:r&gt;time&lt;/m:r&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/m:den&gt;&lt;/m:f&gt;&lt;/m:oMath&gt;&lt;/m:oMathPara&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if !msEquation]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 130%;&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shapetype coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; id=&quot;_x0000_t75&quot; o:preferrelative=&quot;t&quot; o:spt=&quot;75&quot; path=&quot;m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe&quot; stroked=&quot;f&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:formulas&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 1 0&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum 0 0 @1&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @2 1 2&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 0 1&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @6 1 2&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @8 21600 0&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;
  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @10 21600 0&quot;&gt;
 &lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:formulas&gt;
 &lt;v:path gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot; o:extrusionok=&quot;f&quot;&gt;
 &lt;o:lock aspectratio=&quot;t&quot; v:ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;
&lt;/o:lock&gt;&lt;/v:path&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; style=&quot;height: 33.75pt; width: 183pt;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:imagedata chromakey=&quot;white&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;file:///C:/Users/jmal/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png&quot;&gt;
&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 13pt; line-height: 200%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;The execution
time depends on three factors:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The number of machine instructions executed.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The average number of clock cycles per machine
instruction.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The clock periods.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;There are two
types of processors, depending on the optimized setting:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;CISC processors (Complex Instruction Set
Computer).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;RISC processors (Reduced Instruction Set
Computer).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;Connecteur_x0020_droit_x0020_avec_x0020_flèche_x0020_6&quot; o:gfxdata=&quot;UEsDBBQABgAIAAAAIQC75UiUBQEAAB4CAAATAAAAW0NvbnRlbnRfVHlwZXNdLnhtbKSRvU7DMBSF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&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_s1030&quot; strokecolor=&quot;#0f6fc6&quot; strokeweight=&quot;2pt&quot; style=&quot;flip: y; height: 20.25pt; left: 0px; margin-left: 36.4pt; margin-top: 70.85pt; mso-height-percent: 0; mso-height-relative: margin; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-horizontal: absolute; mso-position-vertical-relative: text; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-width-percent: 0; mso-width-relative: margin; mso-wrap-distance-bottom: 0; mso-wrap-distance-left: 9pt; mso-wrap-distance-right: 9pt; mso-wrap-distance-top: 0; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; text-align: justify; visibility: visible; width: 16.5pt; z-index: 251660288;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t32&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:stroke endarrow=&quot;block&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:shadow color=&quot;black&quot; offset=&quot;0,.55556mm&quot; opacity=&quot;24903f&quot; origin=&quot;,.5&quot;&gt;
&lt;/v:shadow&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;v:shapetype coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot; id=&quot;_x0000_t202&quot; o:spt=&quot;202&quot; path=&quot;m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:path gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot;&gt;
&lt;/v:path&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-CA&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 24.2667px;&quot;&gt;Time = 1 / performance&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 24.2667px;&quot;&gt;=&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-CA&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 24.2667px;&quot;&gt;(number of instructions) x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-CA&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 24.2667px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-CA&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 24.2667px;&quot;&gt;(number of cycles per instruction) x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-CA&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 24.2667px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-CA&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 24.2667px;&quot;&gt;(clock period)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-CA&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; line-height: 24.2667px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Performance
Measure: SPEC2000:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;To solve the problem of choosing a test
programs (benchmarks) to be used to measure performance, several manufacturers
have teamed up to create SPEC (Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;There are two main groups of
benchmarks, one for numbers integers and the other for real numbers. A value of
performance is calculated for each of these groups, called SPECint and SPECfp.
Only one value is given for each group: the geometric mean.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;SPEC
CPUint2000: 12 programs written in C and C ++.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;SPEC CPUfp2000:
14 programs written in Fortran and C.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;h3 class=&quot;LC20lb&quot; style=&quot;display: inline-flex; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;ellip&quot; style=&quot;display: inline; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;
Architecture Classifications&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;External processor architecture is the
processor model seen from the outside. This is the interface between the
hardware and the software. So, we need to know the functional specification of
a processor, from the point of view programmer in machine language. The
architecture includes instruction set data, set of registers visible by the programmer, a memory organization, input-output and modalities of possible
multiprocessor support.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Currently,
there are several architectures that include registers, memory, and I / O all
manipulated by the machine instructions of the programs, so there is the set
statement that defines the way or behavior of each machine statement. We can
dedicate several architectures.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612597&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;CISC
architecture&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;A CISC architecture offers many
addressing modes, some of which are often complex. The instruction set often
has many complex instructions that will be realized in several cycles.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj87xseGwkeUFLVfgSHlAhtTro_KagE802yFzWrwOymYipgJbpYuZbn1FHV5oz1tMlrlFuMMBDvMDBvIWKo-Boi6ieYHBo-xwSE8qV_uOpm3KYXUeOCpTQRCgMtQh4tHT6bRW5aq5j90bUm/s1600/cisc.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;300&quot; data-original-width=&quot;201&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj87xseGwkeUFLVfgSHlAhtTro_KagE802yFzWrwOymYipgJbpYuZbn1FHV5oz1tMlrlFuMMBDvMDBvIWKo-Boi6ieYHBo-xwSE8qV_uOpm3KYXUeOCpTQRCgMtQh4tHT6bRW5aq5j90bUm/s1600/cisc.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612598&quot;&gt;RISC
architecture&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;RISC architecture offers a
relatively small set of instructions. Each of these instructions is supposed to
be executed in one cycle. Addressing modes are simpler than in a CISC
architecture. The architecture generally offers a large number of general
registers. These characteristics favor the optimal use of the pipeline at the
microarchitecture level.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRilegbx7IyMzuhyphenhyphenCnCzvYxB7sT4deGHfSaHPX6UfL96S_XVTJSK9xtzlDbSgLloV3jq3YbrTEkKJH_UsL3Wb0VRkBnbx_-Ce5lI-8v_jvoUYNBQIaJSx3XaQjmlJ7fO5wnIJDKssOcxYh/s1600/RISC-Architecture.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;300&quot; data-original-width=&quot;221&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRilegbx7IyMzuhyphenhyphenCnCzvYxB7sT4deGHfSaHPX6UfL96S_XVTJSK9xtzlDbSgLloV3jq3YbrTEkKJH_UsL3Wb0VRkBnbx_-Ce5lI-8v_jvoUYNBQIaJSx3XaQjmlJ7fO5wnIJDKssOcxYh/s1600/RISC-Architecture.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;RISV-V
extends the open-source movement into CPU ISA. It is an open-source ISA that is
license-free and royalty-free. As RISC-V is void of any licensing, the ISA can
be used for building custom processors with zero licensing cost. It is
gradually building an ecosystem. In Embedded World 2017, RISC-V showcased the
extensive ecosystem with FPGA solutions, security IPs, debug infrastructure,
etc.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Few
ARM customers have already started using RISC-V for designing custom
processors. Now, SoC design companies can develop custom processors at a low
cost, without the paying licensing rents. With some NRE investment, these firms
can develop the SoC and get it manufactured in fabs. Thus, the price of the
processor will be lesser than those based on ARM IPs. At the face value, it
looks like we have found an ideal candidate that has the potential to become
the dominant ISA for IoT industry. With customization and zero licensing cost,
RISC-V looks like a winner.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;We
have several inconvenient of open RISC_V based design&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Differences
between software and hardware&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 63pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Software only requires time and effort to be
developed.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 63pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The material involves concrete components, for
which someone has to pay.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 63pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;The software rework as many times as desired
after performing tests on the hardware, the emulator, etc.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 63pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Bugs can be fixed with an investment of time
and effort, possibly with a minimal cost. However, bugs in hardware can be a
loss of a million dollars! Several laps of a processor can cost a lot.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 63pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Hardware design is more complex than software
development.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 63pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Requires a vast IP and EDA ecosystem around the
IP of the procreator (because in a SOC the IP of the processor is only a part,
so need other physical and peripheral IP).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 63pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if !supportLists]--&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;·&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Necessary to license on rents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;With ARM ISA,
most of the issues mentioned above are fixed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;We can access proven IP addresses, a robust
ecosystem (software, cloud services, security solutions, silicon vendors,
manufacturing plants) and dedicated support instead of the community support
offered by ISA Open Source. The complexity of the design is reduced.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 18pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612599&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Superscalar
processor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;During each cycle, the superscalar processor instruction
(hardware) transmission logic examines the instructions in a sequential program
to identify those that can be issued during this cycle. The program is compiled
in the same way as on a sequential processor without ILP.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgAVvg35d2lHFRUhyphenhyphenVaBWWWYFzshLWumc4yApeIoSQIxm0MVvU87p-0mjoJ5rC2bz_02NCZbAxqRUsMU2ilE8bS9NXz2niB2fpAp3V65UCtkqq5JL7LUZzQxJM_Wmb0FibTNyrV3Ws6USk/s1600/Superscalarpipeline.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;561&quot; data-original-width=&quot;971&quot; height=&quot;184&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgAVvg35d2lHFRUhyphenhyphenVaBWWWYFzshLWumc4yApeIoSQIxm0MVvU87p-0mjoJ5rC2bz_02NCZbAxqRUsMU2ilE8bS9NXz2niB2fpAp3V65UCtkqq5JL7LUZzQxJM_Wmb0FibTNyrV3Ws6USk/s320/Superscalarpipeline.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612600&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;VLIW
processor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;VLIW processors exploit parallelism
by relying on the compiler to determine which instructions can be executed in
parallel.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;The
Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) is a long statement consisting of several
basic instructions. The use of this VLIW thus makes it possible to execute
several instructions in parallel on different functional units (UF). &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibTzfH8RSDB0N2WiDr97bJS15ETozwlsN3Tl9KeNzLNu7lZsW3vFA_JJMAuRNmh236r5f5XD4nctFZCycMOjReKhFETJvvSWa-og8lfUaDUZzjyZveZUg5sQwAgp84EZh4ALRCdehf0jMw/s1600/vliw.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;372&quot; data-original-width=&quot;503&quot; height=&quot;293&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibTzfH8RSDB0N2WiDr97bJS15ETozwlsN3Tl9KeNzLNu7lZsW3vFA_JJMAuRNmh236r5f5XD4nctFZCycMOjReKhFETJvvSWa-og8lfUaDUZzjyZveZUg5sQwAgp84EZh4ALRCdehf0jMw/s400/vliw.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;So,
here is the table that summarizes the main architectures&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span color=&quot;windowtext&quot; face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Classification of architecture&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #0000ee; text-decoration-line: underline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyycF0kk2iob5qS6VVjnum9pqcj_GeZnuscW1ibKhE9mwQwXnZ_y0FUuLCTxqQgg0dTN1ToxDGgnYnZif12Bdu524EbxY9A2D2HSOEfC2IUUgekvOrERLYJejohyphenhyphenJQNVRZ6cQgpZPXCPN4/s1600/tab.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyycF0kk2iob5qS6VVjnum9pqcj_GeZnuscW1ibKhE9mwQwXnZ_y0FUuLCTxqQgg0dTN1ToxDGgnYnZif12Bdu524EbxY9A2D2HSOEfC2IUUgekvOrERLYJejohyphenhyphenJQNVRZ6cQgpZPXCPN4/s1600/tab.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;577&quot; data-original-width=&quot;647&quot; height=&quot;518&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyycF0kk2iob5qS6VVjnum9pqcj_GeZnuscW1ibKhE9mwQwXnZ_y0FUuLCTxqQgg0dTN1ToxDGgnYnZif12Bdu524EbxY9A2D2HSOEfC2IUUgekvOrERLYJejohyphenhyphenJQNVRZ6cQgpZPXCPN4/w581-h518/tab.png&quot; width=&quot;581&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612601&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Instruction
sets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The choice of processor ensures the
proper functioning of our systems such as speed and flexibility so our goals are&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shapetype coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot; id=&quot;_x0000_t202&quot; o:spt=&quot;202&quot; path=&quot;m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;
      &lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot;&gt;
      &lt;v:path gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot;&gt;
     &lt;/v:path&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape fillcolor=&quot;#f2f2f2&quot; id=&quot;Zone_x0020_de_x0020_texte_x0020_1&quot; o:gfxdata=&quot;UEsDBBQABgAIAAAAIQC75UiUBQEAAB4CAAATAAAAW0NvbnRlbnRfVHlwZXNdLnhtbKSRvU7DMBSF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&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_s1027&quot; strokecolor=&quot;#05d0d9&quot; style=&quot;height: 74.25pt; left: 0px; margin-left: 113.8pt; margin-top: -6.8pt; mso-height-percent: 0; mso-height-relative: margin; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; mso-position-horizontal: right; mso-position-vertical-relative: text; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-width-percent: 0; mso-width-relative: margin; mso-wrap-distance-bottom: 0; mso-wrap-distance-left: 9pt; mso-wrap-distance-right: 9pt; mso-wrap-distance-top: 0; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; v-text-anchor: top; visibility: visible; width: 165pt; z-index: 251664384;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t202&quot;&gt;
      &lt;v:shadow color=&quot;black&quot; offset=&quot;0,.55556mm&quot; opacity=&quot;24903f&quot; origin=&quot;,.5&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;
      &lt;v:textbox&gt;
       &lt;!--[if !mso]--&gt;
       &lt;table cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify; width: 100%px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if !mso]--&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
        &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;/v:textbox&gt;
      &lt;w:wrap anchorx=&quot;margin&quot;&gt;
     &lt;/w:wrap&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/v:shadow&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Reduce
     memory access&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shapetype coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; id=&quot;_x0000_t32&quot; o:oned=&quot;t&quot; o:spt=&quot;32&quot; path=&quot;m,l21600,21600e&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;
      &lt;v:path arrowok=&quot;t&quot; fillok=&quot;f&quot; o:connecttype=&quot;none&quot;&gt;
      &lt;o:lock shapetype=&quot;t&quot; v:ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;
     &lt;/o:lock&gt;&lt;/v:path&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;Connecteur_x0020_droit_x0020_avec_x0020_flèche_x0020_2&quot; o:gfxdata=&quot;UEsDBBQABgAIAAAAIQC75UiUBQEAAB4CAAATAAAAW0NvbnRlbnRfVHlwZXNdLnhtbKSRvU7DMBSF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&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_s1026&quot; strokecolor=&quot;#7cca62&quot; strokeweight=&quot;3pt&quot; style=&quot;flip: y; height: 13.5pt; left: 0px; margin-left: 241.15pt; margin-top: 12.9pt; mso-height-percent: 0; mso-height-relative: page; mso-position-horizontal-relative: text; mso-position-horizontal: absolute; mso-position-vertical-relative: text; mso-position-vertical: absolute; mso-width-percent: 0; mso-width-relative: page; mso-wrap-distance-bottom: 0; mso-wrap-distance-left: 9pt; mso-wrap-distance-right: 9pt; mso-wrap-distance-top: 0; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; text-align: justify; visibility: visible; width: 52.5pt; z-index: 251665408;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t32&quot;&gt;
      &lt;v:stroke endarrow=&quot;block&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;
      &lt;v:shadow color=&quot;black&quot; offset=&quot;0,.63889mm&quot; opacity=&quot;22937f&quot; origin=&quot;,.5&quot;&gt;
     &lt;/v:shadow&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Increase
     simultaneous memory access&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Reduce the time spent doing calculations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Indeed, architects
have turned to parallelism that allows them to improve performance by
performing several tasks simultaneously. So, exploitation of parallelism is
divided into four categories:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;SIMD Architectures&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;MIMD Architectures exploiting the
     parallelism of instructions&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;ILP (Level Parallelism Instruction)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Architectures multi-cores&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Towards more
parallelism&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-top: 0cm;&quot; type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;SISD = Single Instruction, Single Data&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;SIMD = Single Instruction, Multiple Data&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;MIMD = Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCHKnYCQfn6SpAWJomHrk7mpMsSaIhHY8B4ztwnxXWExEQdUhVvpkK0bpF663L6BHq6E5GiydfnOBzeQHxk_v5uv__CZyfZqhzN9SeniHskhEMGQlvf3dS-c9GfIBKGCVmSoDClLvLfgbH/s1600/all+computers.gif&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;472&quot; data-original-width=&quot;689&quot; height=&quot;274&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCHKnYCQfn6SpAWJomHrk7mpMsSaIhHY8B4ztwnxXWExEQdUhVvpkK0bpF663L6BHq6E5GiydfnOBzeQHxk_v5uv__CZyfZqhzN9SeniHskhEMGQlvf3dS-c9GfIBKGCVmSoDClLvLfgbH/s400/all+computers.gif&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612602&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;SIMD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;It is introduced on general-purpose
processors and efficient processors for parallel algorithms, there are two
types of SIMD:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Parallel units
able to perform the same operation on different data, example: ADSP-2116x.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Sharing the processing unit (example: Pentium MMX instructions)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;• Share a data word in subwords&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormalCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;• Performs sub-word calculations&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;An SWP (Sub
Word Parallelism) operator calculates in parallel the LSB and MSB portions of
the input data. (examples: Lucent DSP16xxx, ADI ADSP-2116x...).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwadwuuJAyAqUjx36pBuGjRFQ9jhLMSL19rPFLF9AKhOKYaty3Jesn9ru2yDZLFfdMhFm_15LSBH-vWi_JWPglZOtJ7zodUqtnKcmrv05C3b0pNjR2KNqvpXNNXdXBYSthlhefjB_TOc5T/s1600/SIMD.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;361&quot; data-original-width=&quot;622&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwadwuuJAyAqUjx36pBuGjRFQ9jhLMSL19rPFLF9AKhOKYaty3Jesn9ru2yDZLFfdMhFm_15LSBH-vWi_JWPglZOtJ7zodUqtnKcmrv05C3b0pNjR2KNqvpXNNXdXBYSthlhefjB_TOc5T/s1600/SIMD.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612603&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612603&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;More details:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612603&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;👉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ftp.cvut.cz/kernel/people/geoff/cell/ps3-linux-docs/CellProgrammingTutorial/BasicsOfSIMDProgramming.html&quot;&gt;http://ftp.cvut.cz/kernel/people/geoff/cell/ps3-linux docs/CellProgrammingTutorial/BasicsOfSIMDProgramming.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612603&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;MIMD
approach (ILP)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;ILP processors
exploit the fact that many of instructions in a sequential program do not
depend on those that precede them in the program. The ILP approach consists in
providing the µ_processor with several execution units working in parallel. The
instructions are then distributed among the different execution units.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn2LzfpnGiRULBbiN83olv3ng_6Oahi9Sm_QtsQ8lOjkQqPxaHkAxQRa7ChWSWy_Ak1GIB3anaGvCkWsIFSl_lkJzyVt2R1BKycm5PA-QuN9IcQTczAtfG31PZoynI7a84Y7uJWR3k0lfR/s1600/MIMD-architecture.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;369&quot; data-original-width=&quot;615&quot; height=&quot;379&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn2LzfpnGiRULBbiN83olv3ng_6Oahi9Sm_QtsQ8lOjkQqPxaHkAxQRa7ChWSWy_Ak1GIB3anaGvCkWsIFSl_lkJzyVt2R1BKycm5PA-QuN9IcQTczAtfG31PZoynI7a84Y7uJWR3k0lfR/s640/MIMD-architecture.png&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612604&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Limits
of ILP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;The performance
of ILP processors is limited by the amount of parallelism of instructions to
locate in the program. It is limited by data dependencies and connections.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Example of the parallelism of instructions: ILP processor with 2 execution units&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;LD
r1, (r2)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;ADD
r5, r6, r7&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;SUB
r8, r1, r4&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;MUL
r8, r9, r10&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;ST
(r11), r4&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612605&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Addressing modes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;Addressing modes
are an aspect of processor architectures and their instruction sets. It defined
how machine language instructions identify their operands. An addressing mode
specifies how the effective memory address of an operand is calculated from
values contained in registers and constants contained in the instruction or
elsewhere in the machine. There are several types of addressing depending on
the type of use, we can recognize the addressing mode for the connection, for
data and for numerical calculations (DSP).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/u/1/null&quot; name=&quot;_Toc14612606&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-list: Ignore;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Comparison between processors&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;This paragraph provides an
interesting comparison between the most popular and widely used Reduced
Instruction Set Architecture (RISC) processors, which will help to determine
which ISA of these selected processors best suits our needs and to ensure the
right choices according to the requirements.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14599763;&quot;&gt;&lt;span color=&quot;windowtext&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Classification of processors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span color=&quot;windowtext&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14599763;&quot;&gt;&lt;span color=&quot;windowtext&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS0bS_OtQiMxOt6uQoWkknl_bJOk1wKjnSYMDsJTlyH0dVN9utE3wG3wM2LJUuqUmwY_YKgsLySLQZfi6rih7xkAX3lRLO6_uv97-98wMQHyXDUqB8VeKbpxMA_twZwz_VpOvzTzH1Cok_/s1600/tab2.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;580&quot; data-original-width=&quot;676&quot; height=&quot;549&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS0bS_OtQiMxOt6uQoWkknl_bJOk1wKjnSYMDsJTlyH0dVN9utE3wG3wM2LJUuqUmwY_YKgsLySLQZfi6rih7xkAX3lRLO6_uv97-98wMQHyXDUqB8VeKbpxMA_twZwz_VpOvzTzH1Cok_/s640/tab2.png&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14599763;&quot;&gt;&lt;span color=&quot;windowtext&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14599763;&quot;&gt;&lt;span color=&quot;windowtext&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoCaption&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bookmark: _Toc14599763;&quot;&gt;&lt;span color=&quot;windowtext&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/7886465393261668432/comments/default' title='Publier les commentaires'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/microprocessor-characteristics.html#comment-form' title='1 commentaires'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/7886465393261668432'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/7886465393261668432'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/microprocessor-characteristics.html' title='Microprocessor characteristics  &amp;  Architecture Classifications'/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB9t9zDEwkcaAo2rvQtaKrhyphenhypheni5IYSRkznhwQQeYvilTcphgpN7EZHROE2pHyNHVD3FV6T_uzdLvugEIdWdw81t4ZLaguglmVaFLAGLwdLqJ613GhGcAuRX5tseldyrCFjj-5TI1Qx7UlUg/s72-w358-h237-c/micrprc.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607.post-3617235279213788580</id><published>2019-08-24T02:21:00.006+01:00</published><updated>2021-08-23T15:09:06.426+01:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="CoolTerm"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Shield"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="XCTU"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ZigBee xBee"/><title type='text'>Zigbee (XBee) + Arduino</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;???????? Comment configurer le module ZigBee pour envoyer et reçevoir des données????????&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Dans ce toturiel, je vais utilisé l&#39;Arduino Mega 2560 pour gérer le système&amp;nbsp; et le module XBee pour la communication, à mesure que Je prend les valeurs mesurées par le capteur et les transmettons à un autre XBee relié à un autre Arduino.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Composants utilisées&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Arduino Mega 2560&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;2 ModuleS XBee&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Capteur de débit d&#39;eau OU bien capteur d&#39;humidité OU certain autre capteur&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Câbles de planche à pain&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Software&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Arduino IDE: Lien de télechargement&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;👉&lt;span style=&quot;color: #3d85c6;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.arduino.cc/en/main/software&quot;&gt;https://www.arduino.cc/en/main/software&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;arial&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;multi-platform application XCTU&lt;/span&gt;: Lien de télechargement&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;👉&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.digi.com/products/embedded-systems/digi-xbee-tools/xctu&quot;&gt;https://www.digi.com/products/embedded-systems/digi-xbee-tools/xctu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;OU bien&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;👉&lt;a href=&quot;http://ftp1.digi.com/support/utilities/40003002_B.exe&quot;&gt;http://ftp1.digi.com/support/utilities/40003002_B.exe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Modules XBee&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Les modules XBee utilisent le protocole IEEE 802.15.4, plus connu sous le nom de ZigBee.&lt;br /&gt;
Zigbee est un protocole de communication sans fil basé sur la norme de communication pour les réseaux sans fil IEEE_802.15.4. Créée par Zigbee Alliance, une organisation théoriquement non lucrative, plus de 200 grandes entreprises (dont Mitsubishi, Honeywell, Philips, Odem, Invensys, entre autres) et de nombreux fabricants de semi-conducteurs.&lt;br /&gt;
Zigbee permet aux composants électroniques à faible consommation d’effectuer des communications sans fil. Il est particulièrement utile pour les réseaux de capteurs dans les environnements industriels, médicaux et surtout domotiques.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieS8Zi2K14nd45-mplUvsW5_cFP_HVsX56eIs_z1pS9ISD37uhPzJDf4K6ZB5PLyN62MCiL-N5lsEklIdJuRa4LYiAg4ZlNjTR0UMX4yiW6uzDzbYF4h0A9TZviAaIrMneHD1XAvlGCYEN/s225/images.PNG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;225&quot; data-original-width=&quot;225&quot; height=&quot;225&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieS8Zi2K14nd45-mplUvsW5_cFP_HVsX56eIs_z1pS9ISD37uhPzJDf4K6ZB5PLyN62MCiL-N5lsEklIdJuRa4LYiAg4ZlNjTR0UMX4yiW6uzDzbYF4h0A9TZviAaIrMneHD1XAvlGCYEN/s0/images.PNG&quot; width=&quot;225&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Applications&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Chaque module ZigBee, comme les adresses MAC des périphériques Ethernet, possède une adresse unique. Dans le cas des modules ZigBee, chacun a une adresse unique enregistrée en usine de 64 bits. D&#39;autre part, le réseau ZigBee utilise des adresses 16 bits pour les algorithmes de routage. Chaque fois qu&#39;un périphérique est associé à un réseau ZigBee, le coordinateur auquel il est associé lui attribue une adresse unique sur l&#39;ensemble du réseau 16 bits. C’est pourquoi le nombre maximum théorique d’éléments pouvant être contenus dans un réseau ZigBee est 2 ^ 16 = 65535, ce qui correspond au nombre maximal d’adresses réseau pouvant être attribuées. Ces modules Xbee peuvent être configurés pour être utilisés dans des réseaux point à point, point à multipoint ou peer-to-peer.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;Image result for xbee pins&quot; src=&quot;https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTNGCDifR8LT7FtA_wD2G6YFvTeL48jFBs41EZNUEehKKX-uCri&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Les modules Xbee fournissent 2 formes de communication conviviales:&lt;br /&gt;
Transmission série transparente (mode AT) et mode API présentant de nombreux avantages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; ☝Mode AT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Il s&#39;agit du mode de transmission série transparent (mode AT), dans lequel la communication ressemble à une transmission via un port série, car le périphérique est responsable de la création de la trame et les données qui atteignent la broche Tx seront envoyées sans fil. est considéré comme la façon d&#39;utiliser ces nœuds plus simple, son principal inconvénient est d&#39;envoyer des informations à d&#39;autres nœuds est nécessaire pour entrer en mode de configuration de façon permanente pour changer l&#39;adresse de destination.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
✌&lt;b&gt;Mode API&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
L&#39;autre mode de communication est appelé mode API. Dans ce cas, il faut commander un microcontrôleur externe pour créer une trame spécifiant le type d&#39;informations à envoyer. Ce mode est recommandé pour les très grands réseaux où vous ne pouvez pas perdre le temps et la sortie le mode de configuration de l&#39;appareil. Pour les réseaux avec une topologie maillée, il s&#39;agit du mode à utiliser.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;👉Logiciel à configurer&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Les modules Xbee peuvent être configurés à partir du PC à l&#39;aide des programmes X-CTU, Moltosenso ou Cool Terms, en plus des autres. Les termes Moltosenso et Cool nous permettent de travailler sur plusieurs plates-formes, alors que X-CTU ne fonctionne que sous Windows.&lt;br /&gt;
Les Xbees peuvent communiquer dans des architectures de réseau point à point, point à point ou multipoint. Choisir le bon module XBee implique le choix du type d&#39;antenne (connecteur à puce, fil ou SMA) et de la puissance de transmission (2 mW pour 300 pieds ou 60 mW pour un kilomètre maximum).&lt;br /&gt;
Le module nécessite une alimentation de 2,8 à 3,4 V, la connexion à la terre et les lignes de transmission de données via UART (TXD et RXD) pour communiquer avec un microcontrôleur ou directement sur un port série. Utiliser un convertisseur adapté aux niveaux de tension.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;👉Communication Xbee&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Les communications ZigBee s&#39;effectuent dans la bande libre de 2,4 GHz. Contrairement à Bluetooth, il n&#39;utilise pas le saut de fréquence (FHSS), mais établit des communications via une seule fréquence, c&#39;est-à-dire un canal. Normalement, un canal peut être sélectionné parmi 16 canaux possibles. La portée dépend de la puissance d&#39;émission de l&#39;appareil ainsi que du type d&#39;antenne utilisée (céramique, dipôles ...). La portée normale avec antenne dipôle en vision directe est généralement approximative (exemple de MaxStream dans la version 1 mW). De puissance) de 100m et environ 30m à l&#39;intérieur. La vitesse de transmission de données d&#39;un réseau ZigBee peut atteindre 256 kbps. Enfin, supposons qu’un réseau ZigBee puisse théoriquement être constitué de 65535 ordinateurs, c’est-à-dire que le protocole est prêt à être en mesure de contrôler cette énorme quantité de périphériques dans le même réseau. La réalité est plus petite, il s’agit en tout cas de milliers d’équipes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;✋Xbee Shield&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Le bouclier XBee pour Arduino vous permet de communiquer sans fil avec Arduino à l’aide de ZigBee.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;👉Configuration du cavalier&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Le blindage Xbee a deux cavaliers (les petits couvercles en plastique situés sur les trois broches étiquetées Xbee / USB). Ils déterminent le mode de connexion de la communication série du Xbee entre le microcontrôleur ATmega2560 et la puce de la série FTDI sur la carte Arduino.&lt;br /&gt;
Avec le cavalier dans Xbee (les deux plus proches de l&#39;intérieur de la plaque à broches), la broche DOUT du module Xbee est connectée à la broche RX du microcontrôleur; et la broche DIN est connectée à TX. Notez que les broches RX et TX du microcontrôleur sont toujours connectées aux broches TX et RX (respectivement) de la puce FTDI - les données envoyées par le microcontrôleur seront transmises à l&#39;ordinateur via USB et simultanément envoyées sans fil par le module Xbee. Cependant, le microcontrôleur ne peut recevoir que des données du module XBee, pas de la clé USB de l&#39;ordinateur.&lt;br /&gt;
Les cavaliers étant en position USB (les deux les plus proches du bord de la plaque), les broches DOUT du module Xbee sont connectées à la broche RX de la broche FTDI de la broche et le module DIN Xbee à la broche TX du FTDI puce. Cela signifie que le module Xbee peut communiquer directement avec l&#39;ordinateur. Toutefois, cela ne fonctionne que si le microcontrôleur a été retiré de la carte Arduino. Si le microcontrôleur reste Arduino, vous pouvez communiquer avec l&#39;ordinateur via USB, mais ni l&#39;ordinateur ni le microcontrôleur ne peuvent communiquer avec le module XBee.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;👉Envoyer et recevoir des données par xbee&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dans cette application, nous établirons la connexion radio entre deux modules connectés à deux Arduino. Il s&#39;agit d&#39;envoyer et de recevoir les valeurs mesurées par le capteur d&#39;humidité (ou capteur de débit d&#39;eau) qui seront envoyées par l&#39;un ou l&#39;autre PC sous la forme d&#39;un chat (bidirectionnel).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;✋Configuration xbee&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Il existe plusieurs programmes de communication avec le port série pour effectuer la programmation du module. Dans ce cas, nous utiliserons CoolTerm car il fonctionne avec tous les systèmes d’exploitation Windows, Mac et Linux et est également gratuit.&lt;br /&gt;
Nous mettons les cavaliers en position USB (les deux broches les plus proches du bord de la carte). Nous pouvons maintenant les connecter: nous marquons le premier module XBee avec lequel nous allons travailler.&lt;br /&gt;
Nous insérons le module XBee sur le bouclier XBee et celui-ci sur l’Arduino UNO. Nous connectons maintenant l’Arduino à l’ordinateur via le câble USB.&lt;br /&gt;
a) Configurez le logiciel CoolTerm:&lt;br /&gt;
Nous ouvrons le logiciel CoolTerm et sélectionnons &quot;Options&quot;. Nous sélectionnons le port série par lequel le module XBee a été connecté.&lt;br /&gt;
Nous devons nous assurer que le débit en bauds est défini sur 9600. Le nombre de bits dans les données est 8. La parité est définie sur &quot;aucun&quot;. Le nombre de bits d&#39;arrêt est défini sur 1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhINSFn8xPf7kUl74i80WM7PZNX-UE52uXlKuB_pg9rdahoBqMuM_xq-2m-EzbVGQ0Pg0gkqPHxLSDP78SYMQdJN5jzyOD85lQjd4lhwsFfEzV8RSS_v6sbm7vcx3oTwIr1yvhE23SlYXKl/s1600/collterm.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;540&quot; data-original-width=&quot;684&quot; height=&quot;315&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhINSFn8xPf7kUl74i80WM7PZNX-UE52uXlKuB_pg9rdahoBqMuM_xq-2m-EzbVGQ0Pg0gkqPHxLSDP78SYMQdJN5jzyOD85lQjd4lhwsFfEzV8RSS_v6sbm7vcx3oTwIr1yvhE23SlYXKl/s400/collterm.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Cliquez sur OK pour enregistrer la configuration et fermer la fenêtre Options. Nous cliquons sur &quot;Connect&quot; dans la barre de menu. Nous devrions voir le statut &quot;Connecté&quot; dans la barre d&#39;état.&lt;br /&gt;
Nous écrivons &quot;+++&quot; pour entrer en mode commande. Le système renvoie &quot;OK&quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;Configuration du premier appareil radio:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;+++&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;OK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;ATID 3001&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;OK&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;ATMY 1&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;OK&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;ATDH 0&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;OK&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;ATDL 2&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;OK&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;ATID&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;3001&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;ATMY 1&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;ATDH 0&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: magenta;&quot;&gt;ATDL 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;Configuration de la deuxième unité radio:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Nous insérons le module XBee sur le bouclier XBee et celui-ci sur l’Arduino UNO.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Maintenant, nous connectons l’Arduino à l’ordinateur avec le câble USB et nous cliquons sur &quot;Connecter&quot; dans le programme CoolTerm. Ensuite, nous suivons les mêmes étapes que nous avons déjà effectuées avec le module 1. Dans ce cas, définissez ATMY 2 et la valeur de ATDL 1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp; ✋Configuration avec le logiciel X-CTU&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Voici les types d&#39;appareils de Xbee&lt;br /&gt;
ZigBee définit trois types de périphériques différents: coordinateur, routeur et périphérique final.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
👉&lt;u&gt;Coordinateur&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;
Les réseaux ZigBee ont toujours un seul périphérique coordinateur. Cet appareil démarre le réseau en sélectionnant le canal et le PAN ID. Distribue les adresses, permettant ainsi aux routeurs et aux périphériques de se connecter au réseau. Met en mémoire tampon les paquets de données sans fil pour les enfants de périphériques endormis.&lt;br /&gt;
Le coordinateur gère les autres fonctions qui définissent le réseau, le sécurisent et le maintiennent en bonne santé. Cet appareil ne peut pas dormir et doit être allumé à tout moment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;👉Routeur&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;
Un routeur est un nœud ZigBee complet. Cet appareil peut rejoindre des réseaux existants et envoyer, recevoir et acheminer des informations. Le routage implique de servir de messager pour les communications entre d’autres périphériques trop éloignés pour transmettre des informations par eux-mêmes.&lt;br /&gt;
Peut mettre en mémoire tampon des paquets de données sans fil pour les enfants de périphériques endormis Peut permettre à d&#39;autres routeurs et périphériques de rejoindre le réseau. Ne peut pas dormir et doit être allumé à tout moment. Peut avoir plusieurs routeurs dans un réseau.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;👉Dispositif final&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;
Un périphérique final est essentiellement une version réduite d&#39;un routeur. Cet appareil peut rejoindre des réseaux existants et envoyer et recevoir des informations, mais ne peut servir de messager entre aucun autre appareil. Impossible d&#39;autoriser d&#39;autres périphériques à rejoindre le réseau.&lt;br /&gt;
Utilise du matériel moins coûteux et peut s’éteindre par intermittence, économisant de l’énergie en entrant temporairement en mode veille. Un routeur ou le coordinateur doit toujours être son périphérique parent. Le parent aide les terminaux à rejoindre le réseau et stocke les messages pour eux lorsqu&#39;ils sont endormis.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Les réseaux ZigBee peuvent avoir un nombre quelconque de terminaux. En fait, un réseau peut être composé d&#39;un coordinateur, de plusieurs périphériques finaux et de zéro routeur.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&amp;nbsp;Pour configurer le XBEE, vous avez besoin d&#39;un adaptateur USB XBEE qui peut être facilement connecté au port USB de votre PC.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ou nous pouvons utiliser la carte Arduino comme USB-UART. Pour cela, nous devons connecter RST d’Arduino à GND. Cela contourne le chargeur de démarrage d’Arduino et la carte peut être utilisée pour la communication série. Nous connectons Rx à Rx, Tx à Tx (connexion directe et NON inversée) entre Arduino et XBEE lors de la configuration.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Étapes de configuration du coordinateur&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ouvrez le nouveau logiciel XCTU.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Cliquez sur l&#39;icône SEARCH en haut pour détecter les ports USB.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sélectionnez les ports COM sur lesquels vous avez connecté les adaptateurs USB.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dans mon cas, l&#39;un des adaptateurs USB se voit attribuer COM6 et l&#39;autre COM7.&lt;br /&gt;
La première chose à faire est de définir l&#39;ID PAN du réseau. Cela peut aller de 0 à FFFF hex. Dans mon cas, je le règle sur 1111. Les autres radios doivent également être réglées dans le même PAN ID.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 4. Faites défiler davantage et activez le CE (Coordinateur activé)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN_2WmGe_EjMa7RzkBgrp01mV8FxeB3eP89zVGdFtfv2U1MCSBLwObeI02rvjlFht6jxgQeKdGJDrUQHNUzi4tNtDi94k48NSfOyJojARFtDs9k4SfhXZ9635wq3s6Sp5u3849GOM-n7ZY/s1600/xctu.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;327&quot; data-original-width=&quot;481&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN_2WmGe_EjMa7RzkBgrp01mV8FxeB3eP89zVGdFtfv2U1MCSBLwObeI02rvjlFht6jxgQeKdGJDrUQHNUzi4tNtDi94k48NSfOyJojARFtDs9k4SfhXZ9635wq3s6Sp5u3849GOM-n7ZY/s1600/xctu.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;L&#39;adresse de destination DH est laissée à 0 par défaut.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;L&#39;adresse de destination DL est définie sur hexadécimal FFFF, ce qui permet à la radio de fonctionner en mode BROADCAST afin de pouvoir communiquer avec toutes les radios du même PANID.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;L&#39;identifiant de nœud peut recevoir n&#39;importe quel nom tel que «coordinateur». Cette dénomination est facultative.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjk1iTL-WMdU-mynuKwU0drg0fXfFzJ9NEhAiuqF_OG7BTu6uWhC8a21PA44d2wdrKl85aLIDO3zavSexno_xfnvl2whsqNi3_fLXc2vwg6pOeqgFTlBdSyxgvmjEXYCr-YoMqXDI6U0cKC/s1600/xctu1.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;341&quot; data-original-width=&quot;490&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjk1iTL-WMdU-mynuKwU0drg0fXfFzJ9NEhAiuqF_OG7BTu6uWhC8a21PA44d2wdrKl85aLIDO3zavSexno_xfnvl2whsqNi3_fLXc2vwg6pOeqgFTlBdSyxgvmjEXYCr-YoMqXDI6U0cKC/s1600/xctu1.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;L’icône PENCIL en haut pour ÉCRIRE les modifications apportées.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Étapes de configuration du routeur&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Entrez le PANID sous le numéro 1111, identique à celui du coordinateur.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;VER VÉRIFICATION DU CANAL JV est activé&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Coordinator le coordinateur CE est DÉSACTIVÉ&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;L&#39;adresse de destination DL est laissée à 0 par défaut. (0 est l&#39;adresse par défaut du coordinateur)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Cliquez sur le bouton WRITE pour enregistrer les modifications apportées.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4P1iknp2H64BmU0h4hm4KUirKpf5k_CqagsRHguYuHd5I-M_qhgqGH_2F2Db98Saro3rFp_xlScvz8VYu5f4qB9RpmroGQYSmbO8c9N9qajVCP07J6g54D1CB6Q7XiCJaRt0UOrJcI44m/s1600/xctu2.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;334&quot; data-original-width=&quot;506&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4P1iknp2H64BmU0h4hm4KUirKpf5k_CqagsRHguYuHd5I-M_qhgqGH_2F2Db98Saro3rFp_xlScvz8VYu5f4qB9RpmroGQYSmbO8c9N9qajVCP07J6g54D1CB6Q7XiCJaRt0UOrJcI44m/s1600/xctu2.png&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;La communication&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Les modules sont appariés et prêts pour la communication.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Maintenant, laissez-nous tester la communication.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
👉 Dans la fenêtre XCTU, supprimez la deuxième radio. Cliquez sur la première radio pour charger les paramètres.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
👉En laissant la fenêtre XCTU ouverte, démarrez une autre instance de XCTU et positionnez-la à gauche de la fenêtre précédente.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
👉La radio ROUTER est à gauche et la radio COORDINATOR à droite.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
👉Cliquez sur l&#39;icône TERMINAL dans les deux fenêtres pour passer en mode Terminal.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
👉Cliquez sur l&#39;icône CONNEXION SÉRIE des deux fenêtres pour passer en mode de connexion série.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
👉Maintenant, nous pouvons taper n&#39;importe quel message dans la fenêtre de journal de la console et voir celui reçu sur l&#39;autre radio. Le message transmis est en BLEU et le message reçu est en ROUGE.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Test&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Mesurer le débit d&#39;eau et envoyer les données à l&#39;aide d&#39;Arduino et de Xbee&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Au début, nous mesurerons le débit d&#39;eau en litres par heure dans le tuyau et nous écrirons les valeurs mesurées sur le moniteur série de l&#39;ordinateur à l&#39;aide d&#39;Arduino IDE. Ensuite, nous allons sauvegarder ces valeurs et les transmettre en utilisant le module xbee. Nous avons donc un émetteur (xbee 1) et un récepteur (xbee 2).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Measure water flow:&lt;/u&gt;&amp;nbsp;Voir&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://microcontrolleur.blogspot.com/search/label/Water%20flow%20sensor&quot;&gt;https://microcontrolleur.blogspot.com/search/label/Water%20flow%20sensor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCcwg0Q9Ft7UHS-TT0yfLb8yAgpL59u8hN_9K7BK2J7D8dHTgai3I2ERL-bEcRsQSZi0cJ8unXSnh6LPtwHdbrSEa-p-cB8tbM4HDvbHeOWz5NG2UegoM9J1fbZuS8-O2kuYTt0GK7XhPk/s1600/xctu4.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;288&quot; data-original-width=&quot;699&quot; height=&quot;164&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCcwg0Q9Ft7UHS-TT0yfLb8yAgpL59u8hN_9K7BK2J7D8dHTgai3I2ERL-bEcRsQSZi0cJ8unXSnh6LPtwHdbrSEa-p-cB8tbM4HDvbHeOWz5NG2UegoM9J1fbZuS8-O2kuYTt0GK7XhPk/s400/xctu4.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;Circuit&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfsA2-hBamYWuFiJ58CvPnFMT3kcLKs-0n3zUq81f3yJ8RNqiV-HrvvHMY-TDwTcGggzLElvFLIcIc-ApMmw9D8w-ZvhNERcLl8jUR_NfJlkdlwjoDu54VZO3I_tt4VmvCNAFHbadwZFg_/s1600/xctu5.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;497&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1085&quot; height=&quot;291&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfsA2-hBamYWuFiJ58CvPnFMT3kcLKs-0n3zUq81f3yJ8RNqiV-HrvvHMY-TDwTcGggzLElvFLIcIc-ApMmw9D8w-ZvhNERcLl8jUR_NfJlkdlwjoDu54VZO3I_tt4VmvCNAFHbadwZFg_/s640/xctu5.png&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Code&amp;nbsp; 👉&lt;/b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://microcontrolleur.blogspot.com/2019/08/water-flow-sensor-arduino.html#more&quot;&gt;https://microcontrolleur.blogspot.com/2019/08/water-flow-sensor-arduino.html#more&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/3617235279213788580/comments/default' title='Publier les commentaires'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/zigbee-xbee-arduino.html#comment-form' title='0 commentaires'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/3617235279213788580'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/3617235279213788580'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/zigbee-xbee-arduino.html' title='Zigbee (XBee) + Arduino'/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieS8Zi2K14nd45-mplUvsW5_cFP_HVsX56eIs_z1pS9ISD37uhPzJDf4K6ZB5PLyN62MCiL-N5lsEklIdJuRa4LYiAg4ZlNjTR0UMX4yiW6uzDzbYF4h0A9TZviAaIrMneHD1XAvlGCYEN/s72-c/images.PNG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607.post-3257174311374638594</id><published>2019-08-23T23:22:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2019-08-23T23:23:58.267+01:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Arduino mega2560"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Circuit"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Water flow sensor"/><title type='text'>Water flow sensor + Arduino</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;???Comment calculer le débit (le niveau) de liquide avec un capteur???&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dans ce tutoriel, vous apprendrez à utiliser un capteur de débit d&#39;eau avec une carte Arduino.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;Arduino Mega 2560&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;Image result for arduino 2560&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; src=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dr_S_Hussain/publication/281538436/figure/fig5/AS:668706317271041@1536443418132/Block-Diagram-1-ArduinoMEGA2560-The-Arduino-Mega-2560-is-a-type-of-microcontroller.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
L&#39;Arduino Mega 2560 est une carte à microcontrôleur basée sur l&#39;ATmega2560. Il possède 54 broches d’entrée / sortie numériques (dont 14 peuvent être utilisées en tant que sorties PWM), 16 entrées analogiques, 4 UART (ports série matériels), un oscillateur à cristal de 16 MHz, une connexion USB, une prise de courant, un en-tête ICSP, et un bouton de réinitialisation. Il contient tout le nécessaire pour prendre en charge le microcontrôleur. connectez-le simplement à un ordinateur avec un câble USB ou alimentez-le avec un adaptateur CA / CC ou une batterie pour commencer. Le Mega est compatible avec la plupart des boucliers conçus pour les Arduino Duemilanove ou Diecimila.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;Related image&quot; height=&quot;253&quot; src=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Santiago_Pindado/publication/326546408/figure/tbl1/AS:668332323794965@1536354251833/Technical-specifications-of-Arduino-Mega-2560-70.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; water flow sensor&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;Related image&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB1VmDKkDXYBeNkHFrdq6AiuVXay/1pc-1-30L-min-Water-Flow-Sensor-Control-Effect-Flowmeter-1-2-Hall-Flow-Mesuring-Tool.jpg_640x640.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Il est très simple de mesurer le débit d&#39;eau ou de liquide à l&#39;aide du capteur de débit d&#39;eau YF-S201 avec Arduino. Pour contrôler le volume que nous devons mesurer, l’eau est essentielle à tout.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Le capteur de débit d&#39;eau est composé d&#39;un corps de vanne en plastique, d&#39;un rotor à eau et d&#39;un capteur à effet Hall. Une roue de turbine incorporée avec un aimant est placée sur une enveloppe en plastique fermée et un capteur à effet Hall est placé. Lorsque l’eau coule dans le pipeline, elle fait tourner la roue de turbine et le flux d’aimant gêne le capteur à effet Hall dépend de la vitesse d&#39;écoulement de l&#39;eau, de sorte que le capteur à effet Hall produit une sortie de signal puisé, cette sortie peut être calculée en tant que volume d&#39;eau ..&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;Image result for water flow sensor arduino&quot; height=&quot;224&quot; src=&quot;https://www.electronicshub.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Arduino-Water-Flow-Sensor-Tutorial-Working.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Le capteur de débit d&#39;eau est composé d&#39;un corps de vanne en plastique, d&#39;un rotor à eau et d&#39;un capteur à effet Hall. Lorsque l&#39;eau circule dans le rotor, celui-ci roule. Sa vitesse change avec un débit différent. Le capteur à effet Hall émet le signal d&#39;impulsion correspondant.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Mesurer le débit d&#39;eau&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Pour mesurer le débit d&#39;eau dans le tuyau, un capteur de débit est utilisé sur la carte Arduino Mega 2560. La connexion de ceux-ci est très simple&lt;br /&gt;
Il y a 3 fils: noir, rouge et jaune. Noir à la broche de terre Arduino, Rouge à la broche 5v de Arduino et le fil jaune devront être connectés à une résistance de rappel 10k puis à la broche 2 de l’Arduino.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Principe de calcul du débit&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Afin de mesurer la quantité d&#39;eau traversant le capteur de débit d&#39;eau à un moment donné, il a d&#39;abord été passé par le capteur de débit d&#39;eau, qui a été utilisé comme interface d&#39;entrée dans le flux. Des formules sont appliquées afin de mesurer le nombre de rotations / impulsions en une minute de rotation.&lt;br /&gt;
Le débit peut être déterminé de manière inférentielle par différentes techniques, telles que le changement de vitesse ou d&#39;énergie cinétique. Ici, nous avons déterminé le débit en modifiant la vitesse de l&#39;eau. La vitesse dépend de la pression qui force les canalisations traversantes. La section de la conduite étant connue et restant constante, la vitesse moyenne est une indication du débit. La relation de base pour déterminer le débit du liquide dans de tels cas est Q = VxA, où Q est le débit / écoulement total d&#39;eau à travers le tuyau, V est la vitesse moyenne du débit et A est la section du tuyau ( la viscosité, la densité et le frottement du liquide en contact avec le tuyau influencent également le débit d&#39;eau).&lt;br /&gt;
Fréquence d&#39;impulsion (Hz) = 7.5Q, Q est le débit en litres / minute&lt;br /&gt;
Débit (litres / heure) = (fréquence d&#39;impulsion x 60 min) / 7.5Q&lt;br /&gt;
En d&#39;autres termes:&lt;br /&gt;
Fréquence du capteur (Hz) = 7.5 * Q (Litres / min)&lt;br /&gt;
Litres = Q * temps écoulé (secondes) / 60 (secondes / minute)&lt;br /&gt;
Litres = (Fréquence (Impulsions / seconde) / 7.5) * temps écoulé (secondes) / 60&lt;br /&gt;
Litres = Légumineuses / (7.5 * 60)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;Circuit&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX82_qNcv2_iTELynEW23UKbhGiIrjGu2FcFR1S7fp8denm7ZEaAYavKwo_axpV3z-7_arQlf5cSirj1pcHvBnFboEU6nkUHwFN0FKtwd8lYKle3Voc1f3TEHAWkFxGYHCRuMopyumFr8Z/s1600/circuit.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;472&quot; data-original-width=&quot;770&quot; height=&quot;245&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX82_qNcv2_iTELynEW23UKbhGiIrjGu2FcFR1S7fp8denm7ZEaAYavKwo_axpV3z-7_arQlf5cSirj1pcHvBnFboEU6nkUHwFN0FKtwd8lYKle3Voc1f3TEHAWkFxGYHCRuMopyumFr8Z/s400/circuit.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Code Arduino&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a name=&#39;more&#39;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;volatile int flow_frequency;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;unsigned int valeur;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;flow_initial = 1600;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;unsigned char flowsensor = 2;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;unsigned long currentTime;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;unsigned long cloopTime;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;void flow ()&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;flow_frequency++;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;void setup()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;pinMode(flowsensor, INPUT);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;digitalWrite(flowsensor, HIGH);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Serial.begin(9600);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;attachInterrupt(0, flow, RISING);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;sei(); // Enable interrupts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;currentTime = millis();&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;cloopTime = currentTime;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;void loop ()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;currentTime = millis();&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;if(currentTime &amp;gt;= (cloopTime + 1000))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; cloopTime = currentTime;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; // Pulse frequency (Hz) = 7.5Q, Q is flow rate in L/min.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; valeur = (flow_frequency * 60 / 7.5);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; flow_frequency = 0;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444;&quot;&gt;// Pas de flow&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; if ( valeur = 0 ){&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; flow_frequency = 0;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Serial.print(&#39;&amp;lt;&#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.print(valeur, DEC);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.print(&quot; L/hour&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.println(&#39;&amp;gt;&#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.println(&quot; there is no flow &quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;delay(1000);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; }&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444;&quot;&gt;// Présence d&#39;eau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; else if&amp;nbsp; ( valeur &amp;gt;=flow_initial ) {&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; flow_frequency = 0;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.println(&quot;the flow of water is: &quot;);&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.print(&#39;&amp;lt;&#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.print(valeur, DEC);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.print(&quot; L/hour&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.println(&#39;&amp;gt;&#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; delay(1000);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; }&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444;&quot;&gt;// On peut détecter un fuite en comparant le valeur de flow avec le flow_initial=1600(par exemple)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; else {&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;flow_frequency = 0;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.println(&quot;the flow of water is: &quot;);&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.print(&#39;&amp;lt;&#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.print(valeur, DEC);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.print(&quot; L/hour&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.println(&#39;&amp;gt;&#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Serial.println(&quot; there is a water leak &quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;delay(1000);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; }&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #e06666;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; }&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8eo3itccCiZX9bWcg07KDUOzbvo0h22TJSgubdaSo5whuV6Vjp8QQrycLBP6lQhGpEGjtP7dSKdZ2WZw-j6vToQM6kBRQXSjiu1JEw_2JUw_bObIdz7hMUa8H8KlJASYWuyENK8ugr1Jv/s1600/flow.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;284&quot; data-original-width=&quot;297&quot; height=&quot;383&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8eo3itccCiZX9bWcg07KDUOzbvo0h22TJSgubdaSo5whuV6Vjp8QQrycLBP6lQhGpEGjtP7dSKdZ2WZw-j6vToQM6kBRQXSjiu1JEw_2JUw_bObIdz7hMUa8H8KlJASYWuyENK8ugr1Jv/s400/flow.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Je vais postuler un video explicatif ultérieurement&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/3257174311374638594/comments/default' title='Publier les commentaires'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/water-flow-sensor-arduino.html#comment-form' title='0 commentaires'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/3257174311374638594'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/3257174311374638594'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/water-flow-sensor-arduino.html' title='Water flow sensor + Arduino'/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX82_qNcv2_iTELynEW23UKbhGiIrjGu2FcFR1S7fp8denm7ZEaAYavKwo_axpV3z-7_arQlf5cSirj1pcHvBnFboEU6nkUHwFN0FKtwd8lYKle3Voc1f3TEHAWkFxGYHCRuMopyumFr8Z/s72-c/circuit.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607.post-7104930509997730199</id><published>2019-08-07T00:59:00.003+01:00</published><updated>2019-08-23T00:31:06.302+01:00</updated><title type='text'>système de surveillance de la température</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;système de surveillance de la température&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Introduction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Dans cette partie, nous présentons une description détaillée de la solution adoptée pour répondre à notre cahier de charge et en abordant la conception détaillée de chaque partie du système afin d&#39;obtenir une schématisation complète et précise.&lt;br /&gt;
À la phase de simulation on va utiliser le logiciel ‘Proteus ISIS’ et pour la programmation de PIC en utilise le ‘MikroC PRO for PIC’.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Les différents blocs de carte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Notre carte comme l&#39;indique la figure ci dessous est menue de plusieurs unités qui assurent le bon fonctionnement de la carte de commande de climatisation:&lt;br /&gt;
Une carte d&#39;alimentation &quot; alimentation stabilisé &quot;. Ce bloc a pour but l&#39;alimentation des différents blocs de la carte électronique. Un microcontrôleur PIC 16F877A qui gère tous les traitements et les liaisons entre les différents blocs de la carte. Un afficheur LCD (2 lignes, 16 caractères) qui permet d&#39;afficher les résultats.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/67607713_2387316861537483_6461186132511031296_n.png?_nc_cat=108&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQn8EU94TaK7YefaZ4CFHPCgwfIywigk1oLweicHIpiSz4-hGS1QPhLgsI3tI11l7Ks&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=51185643914bca49e11d5ee074094057&amp;amp;oe=5DEBE102&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Figure 1 : les blocs de la carte de climatisation automatique&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;REALISATION PRATIQUE DE LA CARTE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Dans cette partie on va présenter le montage électronique et on va l’étudier et le simuler et réaliser ainsi la partie pratique.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
💪&lt;u&gt;Montage électronique&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/67690092_856769651360821_4388931379321110528_n.png?_nc_cat=104&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQlJsO9i1VSUItsJYpxxmroKCt4r5CYtQnD-Zm5KJ_NavRfzofZD2jTnSnEBGsJ64so&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=735456cd78c8bce4ee19ba7f1e5e5339&amp;amp;oe=5DDBC0FA&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Figure 2 : schéma de climatisation automatisée&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Le principe de ce montage est très simple. Le capteur de température est un dispositif qui permet de transformer une grandeur physique (Température) en une grandeur électrique (tension ou Courant). Cette tension convertie a partir du capteur sera par la suite convertie numériquement a travers le port A du PIC 16F877A.&lt;br /&gt;
Par la suite on passe par la procédure d&#39;affichage :&lt;br /&gt;
La procédure d&#39;affichage ce fait a l&#39;aide d&#39;un afficheur LCD deux lignes 16 colonnes de type LM016 capable d&#39;afficher tous les caractères alphanumériques usuels et quelques Symboles supplémentaires.&lt;br /&gt;
Chaque caractère est identifié par son code ASCII qu&#39;il faut envoyer sur les lignes D0 à D7.&lt;br /&gt;
Ces lignes sont aussi utilisées pour la gestion de l&#39;affichage avec l&#39;envoi d&#39;instructions telles Que l&#39;effacement de l&#39;écran, l&#39;écriture en ligne 1 ou en ligne 2, le sens de défilement du curseur. Une fois la température est acquise et affichée sur l&#39;écran LCD, on passe à comparer la valeur de température approchée avec la référence (ref= 20 degré C).Cela est possible avec un code approprié programme dans le pic 16F877A.&lt;br /&gt;
Dans ce cas on a trois possibilités :&lt;br /&gt;
Valeur de température inferieure a 20 degré C.&lt;br /&gt;
Valeur de température égale à 20 degré C.&lt;br /&gt;
Valeur de température supérieure a 20 degré C.&lt;br /&gt;
Dans le premier cas (température inferieur à 20) : l&#39;afficheur LCD affiche sur la première ligne le message &quot;Temp&quot; et la valeur de température en degré C, et sur la deuxième ligne la valeur du référence.&lt;br /&gt;
Ici la Led rouge allume et le système d’échauffement est en marche. Comme l’indique sur la figure suivante :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-9/67840008_1279493778896087_8357565810335547392_n.png?_nc_cat=111&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQlrd4NPMQu5iJptJzoYJInaNcABN1iFvinpKxpcs00QToZWAcZWut3T6rShBzWAqh4&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=7aed6a1160c8f9d0d66fad8e9585c8b7&amp;amp;oe=5DCF21C7&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Figure 3 : Schéma du premier essai&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
➤ Dans le deuxième cas (température égale à 20 °c) : ici la led verte s’allume.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/67762109_2325384574182648_6387174156554731520_n.png?_nc_cat=102&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQmGUW_p0aIDE6e1MisG6yv1gITSmawoJ_3rVL_ZsiQBnmBUlt2x0jMKh8T0gxOivIQ&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=439edc2150b4edae31a2ded4e911542d&amp;amp;oe=5DA13B27&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Figure 4 : Schéma du deuxième essai&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
➤Dans la troisième cas (température supérieure à 20°c) : l&#39;afficheur LCD affiche sur la première ligne le message &quot;Temp&quot; et la valeur de température en °C, et sur la deuxième la valeur du référence&lt;br /&gt;
Ici le système de refroidissement est en marche.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/67613329_340031726944913_5439491332089315328_n.png?_nc_cat=106&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQmM25op98b1s-x_FNseyROQSHpbn7MdE41OA4hgq8rmdHttWbnICLcbCtLSrOwu5DY&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=c1740f1b301f54e0596adb9fa18348ce&amp;amp;oe=5DEBAFDF&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
Figure III. 5 :Schéma du troisième essai&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
➤ Test final&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Après la simulation sur l&#39;émulateur &quot;Le Logiciel ISIS&quot; on passe par la suite au réalisation pratique du montage. A ce niveau plusieurs difficultés peuvent nous rencontrer.&lt;br /&gt;
Une fois réunis tous les composants nécessaires a la réalisation, nous avons procède a quelque test sur la plaque d&#39;essai, Ils ont concerne spécialement :&lt;br /&gt;
➨Le bon fonctionnement de l&#39;afficheur LCD.&lt;br /&gt;
➨Le bon fonctionnement du capteur de température.&lt;br /&gt;
➨Il faut aussi tester tous les composants participant à la réalisation du montage pour éviter le mal fonctionnement et pour assurer les résultats désirés.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Conclusion&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Ce dernier chapitre a été entame par une réalisation pratique en exploitant une méthodologie d&#39;analyse hiérarchique. Cette analyse a été suivie d&#39;une explication détaillée des différentes étapes qu’il faut suivre pour la réalisation.&lt;br /&gt;
Enfin, le tout a été couronne par la réalisation pratique d&#39;un dispositif automatique de commande de climatisation avec un PIC 16F877A..&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
........................................................................................&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
JMAL Radhoine&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/7104930509997730199/comments/default' title='Publier les commentaires'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/systeme-de-surveillance-de-la.html#comment-form' title='0 commentaires'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/7104930509997730199'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/7104930509997730199'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/systeme-de-surveillance-de-la.html' title='système de surveillance de la température'/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607.post-2207593219637643477</id><published>2019-08-07T00:30:00.004+01:00</published><updated>2019-08-07T01:00:32.544+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Détecteur de fumée</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Détecteur de fumée&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;I- Définition&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
Le détecteur de fumée est un système qui surveille de manière permanente l&#39;air ambiant de la zone surveillée. En cas de propagation de fumée, une Alarme sonore est activée afin de prévenir les individus d&#39;un potentiel risque d’incendie.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b&gt;II- Intérêt du détecteur de fumée&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Le détecteur de fumée permet d&#39;aider à limiter les conséquences d&#39;un début d&#39;incendie. Il surveille en permanence l&#39;air ambiant de l&#39;habitation. Le détecteur de fumée est programmé pour détecter les fumées et alerter aussitôt grâce à une alarme sonore.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;III- Les composants et logiciel&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;1) Logiciel&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img height=&quot;176&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/67700301_417496388893464_1409355821254443008_n.png?_nc_cat=103&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQkWBoGUfFxYPqIKBrDszJTpk1Xc47ZdOryWnxl2a8Es6zi-EWcxsBxulC6BaFkdMPQ&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=2be1f913356911cb9eb2e9a1915453bf&amp;amp;oe=5DDD0D02&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;On a utilisé le microcontrôleur Microchip pic16f877A pour réalisé cette tache du projet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Description&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;👦 Consommation :&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
👉moins de 2mA sous 5V à 4 MHz.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;👉Architecture RISC : 35 instructions de durée 1 ou 2 cycles.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;👉 Durée du cycle : Période de l&#39;oscillateur quartz divisée par 4 soit 200 ns pour un quartz de 20 MHz.&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;- Deux bus distincts pour le code programme et les data.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;👉 Code instruction : mot de 14 bits et compteur programme (PC) sur 13 bits, ce qui permet d&#39;adresser 8 K mots ( de h&#39;0000&#39; à h&#39;1FFF&#39;)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;👉 Bus DATA sur 8 bits.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;👉 33 Ports Entrée-Sortie bidirectionnels pouvant produire 25 mA par sortie. PORTA = 6 bits et PORTB PORTC et PORTD = 8bits PORTE = 3 bits pour le 16F877 et 22 I/O seulement pour le 16F876.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;👏4 sources d&#39;interruption :&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;→Externe par la broche partagée avec le Port B : PB0&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;→Par changement d&#39;état des bits du Port B: PB4 PB5 PB6 ou PB7&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;→Par un périphérique intégré dans le chip: écriture de Data en EEPROM terminée, conversion analogique terminée, réception USART ou I2C.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; → Par débordement du Timer.&lt;br /&gt;
💪 2 Compteurs 8 bits et 1 compteur 16 bits avec pré diviseur programmable.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;👉 Convertisseur analogique 10 bits à 8 entrées pour le 16F877 et 4 entrées pour le 16F876.&lt;br /&gt;
👉 UART pour transmission série synchrone ou asynchrone.&lt;br /&gt;
👉 Interface I2C.&lt;br /&gt;
👉2 modules pour PWM avec une résolution de 10 bits.&lt;br /&gt;
👉 Interface avec un autre micro: 8 bits + 3 bits de contrôle pour R/W et CS.&lt;br /&gt;
👉368 Octets de RAM - 256 Octets d&#39;EEPROM Data.&lt;br /&gt;
👉8K mots de 14 bits en EEPROM Flash pour le programme (h&#39;000&#39; à h&#39;1FFF&#39;).&lt;br /&gt;
👉1 registre de travail : W et un registre fichier : F permettant d&#39;accéder à la RAM ou aux registres internes du PIC. Tous les deux sont des registres 8 bits.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PORTA : &lt;/b&gt;6 entrées -sorties. 5 entrées du CAN. Entrée CLK du Timer 0.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PORTB :&lt;/b&gt; 8 entrées-sorties. 1 entrée interruption ext. Clk et Data pour prog.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PORTC :&lt;/b&gt; 8 entrées-sorties. Clk Timer1 et PWM1. USART. I2C.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PORTD : &lt;/b&gt;8 entrées-sorties. Port interface micro processeur (8 bits data).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;PORTE :&lt;/b&gt; 3 entrées-sorties. 3 bits de contrôle interf micro. 3 entrées du CAN.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;👦Programmation &lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Les méthodes de programmations disponibles sont :&lt;br /&gt;
➤Écrire directement un fichier en Hexadécimal (comme dans les années 1960).&lt;br /&gt;
➤Écrire en assembleur.&lt;br /&gt;
➤Écrire en C.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;👦La raison du choix :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Le microcontrôleur PIC 16F877 est un microcontrôleur très populaire dans l&#39;électronique loisir. Sa simplicité, son prix, et l&#39;accessibilité des outils de programmation peuvent expliquer sa popularité, c’est pour cela on l’a choisi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;2) Les composants :&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
👉 MQ-5&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img height=&quot;168&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/68631387_501390954025480_1207089645028900864_n.png?_nc_cat=109&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQl0hv-K4P1g4dD20dV0KT869cF9F1AtdSI1sXC5ysUO2hYF_HVk9e7DZyiX8zZIg7Q&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=85db7a0930e3d11b88595482ae866459&amp;amp;oe=5DD7E7FF&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ce capteur de gaz (MQ5) est aisé à utiliser pour détecter les fuites de gaz (chez soi et dans l’industrie).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Caractéristique :&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;
☝Alimentation: 5 Vcc&lt;br /&gt;
☝ Sortie analogique&lt;br /&gt;
☝Longue durée de vie et bonne stabilité&lt;br /&gt;
☝Capteur de gaz, simple à utiliser, approprié à la détection du GPL, du gaz naturel, du gaz de houille ☝Sensibilité élevée et temps de réponse rapide&lt;br /&gt;
☝ MQ5 est utilisé dans des équipements de détection des fuites de gaz dans des applications individuelles et industrielles&lt;br /&gt;
☝ Sensibilité réduite aux émanations d&#39;alcool, vapeurs de cuisson et à la fumée de cigarette.&lt;br /&gt;
☝ La sensibilité peut être ajustée au moyen du potentiomètre.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Avantage :&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ce capteur de gaz (MQ5) est facile à utiliser il permet de détecter les fuites de gaz (domestique et industriel). Il peut détecter les gaz GPL, gaz naturel, gaz de pollution urbaine, etc. Avec un temps de réponse court, les mesures sont rapides. La sensibilité peut également être ajustée par le potentiomètre, c’est pourquoi on a choisi ce capteur pour détecter les incendies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
👉Buzzer :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-9/67829177_2392313014355938_8316500219269218304_n.png?_nc_cat=100&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQkRHxYCTyW1bBbJs2_DXZJ9Y5dcA2VNhINoC3cIFlBtF-lbNN4oicF2bvHUr4-X0Tk&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=6194d10559a7dfe43912c715e55f3425&amp;amp;oe=5DE8D377&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Description&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Un buzzer est un élément électromécanique ou électronique qui produit un son quand on lui applique une tension. Certains nécessitent une tension continue (buzzers électro-mécaniques), d&#39;autres nécessitent une tension alternative (transducteurs piézo-électrique).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Caractéristique&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;
👆 fréquence d&#39;oscillations entre 2 et 4 kHz, généralement env. = 2-2.5 kHz&lt;br /&gt;
👆 tension d&#39;alimentation de 3 à 30V selon les buzzers généraux. Certains supportent une large plage de 3 à 15V par ex.&lt;br /&gt;
👆 intensité consommée env. de 2 à 12mA en général, plus de 50mA pour certains (mais Vcc=1,5V)&lt;br /&gt;
👆 pression sonore en général de 70 à 90 dB.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
👉LCD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/67767684_353127588942289_9101703039357550592_n.png?_nc_cat=108&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQmMWPNa102CttXqFogAfIPyrgO1Tr2LAd-kBWRQvH0WBQcSJUjyGFVm67kS7iObYJo&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=f6a23e5acb3888402e67baffc72c9ecd&amp;amp;oe=5DE07C04&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;VCC, Masse :&lt;/b&gt; alimentation de l’afficheur LCD.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Un afficheur LCD s’alimente en &lt;b&gt;0V-5V&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;u&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contraste :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/u&gt; entrée permettant de régler le contraste de l’afficheur LCD. Il faut appliquer une tension continue réglable (entre 0V et 5V) à l’aide d’un potentiomètre.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;Vled :&lt;/b&gt; différence de potentiel permettant de commander le rétro éclairage.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;E :&lt;/b&gt; entrée de validation (ENABLE), elle permet de valider les données sur un front descendant. Lorsque E=0 alors le bus de données est à l’état haute impédance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;RS :&lt;/b&gt; Register Select cette entrée permet d’indiquer à l’afficheur si l’on souhaite réaliser une commande (RS=0) par des instructions spécifiques ou écrire une donnée (envoie du code du caractère à afficher) sur le bus (RS=1).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;R/W :&lt;/b&gt; entrée de lecture (R/W=1) et d’écriture (R/W=0). Lorsqu’on commande l’afficheur LCD il faut se placer en écriture.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;D7…D0 : &lt;/b&gt;bus de données bi-directionnel, il permet de transférer les instructions ou les données à l’afficheur LCD.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;IV- Les étapes de réalisation :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;1/ Schéma ISIS :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img height=&quot;166&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/68494306_769241720184750_7960151898026147840_n.png?_nc_cat=109&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQmLbc8CSXDJ1ivwKkKsUhsme_0XG9V7_hkgyEOaGEBHWOoxJwEyf21_ZhBDLM2uryA&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=3a655b1f96ec0aedb6354a64fa0e68cd&amp;amp;oe=5DD22ADA&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
➤ On a câblé le pic avec deux condensateur de valeur chacune 22 pF et un Quartz pour assurer son bon fonctionnement.&lt;br /&gt;
➤ On a utilisé une résistance de 22K pour le capteur de gaz MQ-5 pour assurer son protection contre les courts circuits et les claquages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;2/ Réalisation sur plaque à essaie :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/68784107_2397388110504523_4672031726275395584_n.png?_nc_cat=100&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQlzM9GjxRUKo0Om-QBHwcVIoAaOg86vTDCSUOOl594nbcReXcB6p9DjRwOAvDo7k6I&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=f7208423f62b5534eebae2316fc9e400&amp;amp;oe=5DE7621E&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;3/ Routage :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/67888252_356030831984062_2163933411398385664_n.png?_nc_cat=107&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQm-mD16F_EBSdLNHi39rKHNWcKYepDH2gRKvTPv1qV-qUPsJHzcxponhV2cY-yaNRQ&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=871e5fb4150aa4a86f0a660cf17a2ca4&amp;amp;oe=5DD874DA&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;4/ Circuit imprimé en 3D :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img height=&quot;164&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/68500687_642829646217406_1304216795669856256_n.png?_nc_cat=103&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQnvx4ovMp5FOjcTLvohX6WoYm614JX5hEFftUOfxYtq3K1i27eiXvqPbsw5xPrpuZQ&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=6ac5c863400c03f59cf819356a0c0841&amp;amp;oe=5DA59A7C&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;5/ Circuit imprimé :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/68401698_392960724688860_164154625010696192_n.png?_nc_cat=100&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQm5IvswDYKMuZLK9t782bo4_YI0x7I3V68kd6-ycvqm4bjMoSbGqiR3yvHNSTuVCu8&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=efc11a9730e0760c9242f1a27e89efa9&amp;amp;oe=5DE12CB0&quot; width=&quot;181&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: purple; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;b&gt;V- Conclusion&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Dans le cas où les capteurs de détection d&#39;incendie sont intégrés à un système de sécurité, permettant la gestion des incendies et accidents dans les locaux industriels, il sert uniquement de capteur transmettant l&#39;information à une centrale de détection et de gestion, qui déclenche les alarmes prévues et éventuellement commande des systèmes de lutte contre les incendies :&lt;br /&gt;
➨Activation des systèmes d&#39;extraction des fumées.&lt;br /&gt;
➨ Fermetures des portes coupe-feu imposant un confinement en zones, permettant de ralentir la progression de l&#39;incendie.&lt;br /&gt;
➨Déclenchement des sprinklers ou du fréon après évacuation des locaux équipés.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pour plus d&#39;informations Veuillez me contactez ...........&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Radhoine JMAL&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/2207593219637643477/comments/default' title='Publier les commentaires'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/detecteur-de-fumee.html#comment-form' title='0 commentaires'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/2207593219637643477'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/2207593219637643477'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/detecteur-de-fumee.html' title='Détecteur de fumée'/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607.post-8657366956418915150</id><published>2019-08-06T23:53:00.000+01:00</published><updated>2019-10-28T10:26:14.070+01:00</updated><title type='text'>Allumage automatique</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;height: 0px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;Allumage Automatique&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Notre objectif est l&#39;allumage d&#39;une led de façon intelligente:&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;- lorsque le capteur détecte la journée (la lumière de la journée), la lampe éteindre.&lt;br /&gt;- lorsque le capteur détecte la nuit (obscurité), led allumé automatiquement.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Principe&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Le principe de détection de lumière est basé sur un composant électronique très connu appelé photorésistance, alors c&#39;est quoi la photorésistance et comment elle fonctionne?&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Qu&#39;est-ce qu&#39;une photorésistance ?&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;Image result for photorÃ©sistance&quot; height=&quot;172&quot; src=&quot;https://www.carnetdumaker.net/uploads/img_attachments/large/ldr_symbol_photo.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Une photorésistance est un composant dont la résistivité dépend de la luminosité ambiante. Pour faire simple, c&#39;est une résistance dont la valeur change en fonction de la lumière qu&#39;elle reçoit. Il existe différents types de photorésistances, chacune ayant des valeurs de résistance différentes en fonction de la luminosité ambiante. Le type le plus classique de ph&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;otorésistances est de 1M ohms (obscurité) / 12K ohms (pleine lumière). C&#39;est ce genre de photorésistance qui est employé plus bas dans ce tutoriel. Qu&#39;importe le diamètre de la photorésistance, sa valeur dans l&#39;ombre ou en pleine lumière, quand une photorésistance est illuminée, sa résistance diminue.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;On peut donc utiliser une photorésistance pour mesurer la luminosité ambiante. Sans faire une liste exhaustive, voici quelques exemples d&#39;utilisations très classiques pour une photorésistance :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;😐Détection jour / nuit,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;😎Mesure de luminosité ambiante (pour ajuster un éclairage par exemple),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;👀Suiveur de lumière (pour panneaux solaires, robots, etc),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Comment ça fonctionne ??&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Le composant sert majoritairement à distinguer la présence ou l&#39;absence de lumière. La quantification de flux reste possible mais est moins employée. Les photorésistances sont montées en pont diviseur de tension pour des montages potentiométriques servant à la commande de relais ou de diaphragme. Pour les photomètres élémentaires on place sur une des branches d&#39;un pont de Wheatstone une photorésistance. Le courant de déséquilibre introduit par la variation de la résistance de cette branche est mesuré et ramené à une mesure de flux.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;Partie pratique&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Matériel nécessaire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;1/ Une photo résistance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;2/ 10 resistance 10k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;3/ Arduino&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;4/ 9 leds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;5/ bluetooth&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;i&gt;Schéma isis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-0/p280x280/67950142_943203282693509_1534961787638644736_n.png?_nc_cat=102&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQmhw_HCUgH7Lge0OuETA9lo_8eW5PfOofFpRLF5LeOHt09d3HNth54GYjfOR4SglqA&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=797327ee8e0dfebd2edc031446b026d4&amp;amp;oe=5DD4C917&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Le code de arduino&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Programme à copier coller dans le logiciel arduino et à téléverser dans la carte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;a name=&#39;more&#39;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;trebuchet ms&amp;quot; , sans-serif;&quot;&gt;//set pin numbers&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;//const won&#39;t change&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;const int ledPin = 13; //the number of the LED pin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;const int ldrPin = A0; //the number of the LDR pin&lt;br /&gt;void setup() {&lt;br /&gt;Serial.begin(9600);&lt;br /&gt;pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); //initialize the LED pin as an output&lt;br /&gt;pinMode(ldrPin, INPUT); //initialize the LDR pin as an input&lt;br /&gt;}&lt;br /&gt;void loop() {&lt;br /&gt;int ldrStatus = analogRead(ldrPin); //read the status of the LDR value&lt;br /&gt;//check if the LDR status is &amp;lt;= 300&lt;br /&gt;//if it is, the LED is HIGH&lt;br /&gt;if (ldrStatus &amp;lt;=300) {&lt;br /&gt;digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); //turn LED on&lt;br /&gt;Serial.println(&quot;LDR is DARK, LED is ON&quot;);&lt;br /&gt;}&lt;br /&gt;else {&lt;br /&gt;digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); //turn LED off&lt;br /&gt;Serial.println(&quot;---------------&quot;);&lt;br /&gt;}&lt;br /&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Activer la liaison Bluetooth sur votre smartphone ou tablette.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Faire une recherche des périphérique Bluetooth avec votre tablette ou smartphone&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-9/68496321_2393752634225561_6163663813657755648_n.png?_nc_cat=100&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQlf5ZhT8oe28Lyov-pCUZmf1V_-_maFebV0EdMHv9t_Z4_Qxa3dxnKCSePPJ-iuJP4&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=aeca4b27833672cb445b071f3a0fbb22&amp;amp;oe=5DE94541&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-9/68496321_2393752634225561_6163663813657755648_n.png?_nc_cat=100&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQlf5ZhT8oe28Lyov-pCUZmf1V_-_maFebV0EdMHv9t_Z4_Qxa3dxnKCSePPJ-iuJP4&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=aeca4b27833672cb445b071f3a0fbb22&amp;amp;oe=5DE94541&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; width=&quot;191&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://scontent.ftun5-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.15752-9/67486919_882997095419096_8299791688386215936_n.png?_nc_cat=110&amp;amp;_nc_oc=AQl1_5mDDBTytPDMP0wg-IU2RKukBAyemeK-wdnfP-T1qNi37N9Y0BeVSbFZeHyRDII&amp;amp;_nc_ht=scontent.ftun5-1.fna&amp;amp;oh=a12ba206221d6cf4a8500e1f5c4af962&amp;amp;oe=5DE8B7BB&quot; width=&quot;203&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwQ91nYOaYelUfvSFT0M_QJGg9wm9D6H4h7be8F0jO16v_jXQoFIcDrH289vQ5oMHrdsxfsGuRNQcyW-_lhE0_luDX6y8HLtfPhVOPHByWr0bHfEo07YZUMA5mqv3PiOaRGoN_z0k9Zowz/s1600/allumage0.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;720&quot; data-original-width=&quot;960&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwQ91nYOaYelUfvSFT0M_QJGg9wm9D6H4h7be8F0jO16v_jXQoFIcDrH289vQ5oMHrdsxfsGuRNQcyW-_lhE0_luDX6y8HLtfPhVOPHByWr0bHfEo07YZUMA5mqv3PiOaRGoN_z0k9Zowz/s320/allumage0.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgK9btsAmsEcrw64LJ1T6mApR0emBw33GJf04l4yesUiqGVBZcvz9eFMCSc62-JbThJ1CdJWcw-3Cz3ModnA6A6tvnGNhncLaadxX2vRft7GV3qvDKeKZ0yQTSUzKKSnyzLba1MXmDI08Dr/s1600/allumage1.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;960&quot; data-original-width=&quot;720&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgK9btsAmsEcrw64LJ1T6mApR0emBw33GJf04l4yesUiqGVBZcvz9eFMCSc62-JbThJ1CdJWcw-3Cz3ModnA6A6tvnGNhncLaadxX2vRft7GV3qvDKeKZ0yQTSUzKKSnyzLba1MXmDI08Dr/s320/allumage1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;240&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKdU7jj-q_45zGTKGfJnyslZ2uqvwWYwz-uTGX2oUEwqh-UgUz5neUm4nq17B2PuY05yF2pT50vj3ShrXdqveTwYJSrVbYBJHysqvbH3NKeHwDG4GoslMp08uv56XG4D3PiHlq4AFfngsH/s1600/allumage.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;720&quot; data-original-width=&quot;960&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKdU7jj-q_45zGTKGfJnyslZ2uqvwWYwz-uTGX2oUEwqh-UgUz5neUm4nq17B2PuY05yF2pT50vj3ShrXdqveTwYJSrVbYBJHysqvbH3NKeHwDG4GoslMp08uv56XG4D3PiHlq4AFfngsH/s320/allumage.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
********************************&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Radhoine JMAL&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/8657366956418915150/comments/default' title='Publier les commentaires'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/allumage-automatique.html#comment-form' title='0 commentaires'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/8657366956418915150'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/8657366956418915150'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/allumage-automatique.html' title='Allumage automatique'/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwQ91nYOaYelUfvSFT0M_QJGg9wm9D6H4h7be8F0jO16v_jXQoFIcDrH289vQ5oMHrdsxfsGuRNQcyW-_lhE0_luDX6y8HLtfPhVOPHByWr0bHfEo07YZUMA5mqv3PiOaRGoN_z0k9Zowz/s72-c/allumage0.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7688905747564159607.post-8480531090604532373</id><published>2019-08-06T18:51:00.002+01:00</published><updated>2021-08-23T15:12:30.743+01:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ARES"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="ISIS"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="keypad"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="LCD"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="PIC"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Programation"/><title type='text'>Controle d&#39;accés à base de pic 16F877A avec clavier4*4</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;font_2&quot; style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 6px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: , , serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://radhoinejmal.wixsite.com/projets-electronique/pic-project&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;&quot; target=&quot;_self&quot;&gt;Controle d&#39;accés à base de pic 16F877A avec clavier4*4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 6px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: , , serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;font_2&quot; style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 6px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: , , serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Il s’agit ici d’étudier les différents éléments qui constituent notre système de contrôle d’accès et qui entrent dans la conception de celle-ci. Le système est constituée d’un clavier avec des chiffres et un afficheur LCD. Le clavier et LCD étant les seules parties visibles par l’utilisateur.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;La structure principale est composée d’un microcontrôleur PIC qui assure la programmation des codes d’activations.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Ce système aura pour but d’activer des relais pour la commande des dispositifs électroniques ou mécaniques. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Ce système de commande représente le cerveau. Il est constitué de parties bien visibles par l’utilisateur et d’autres qui sont invisibles.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Nous étalons la structure interne de notre projet avec ses différents composants électroniques et nous citons comme composants principaux :&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul class=&quot;font_8 color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1.3em; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Un microcontrôleur PIC qui est le cœur de ce circuit.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Le quartz qui détermine la fréquence avec laquelle fonctionne le PIC.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;L’écran LCD où ils s’affichent les différents messages.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Le clavier électronique.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Relai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Le BUZZER et le moteur&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;verdana&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;geneva&amp;quot; , sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 15px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwUU5BUaqoS7UsWOSwuI18pUPvPS-gKeeD4XcyYsdIoZeFrvZi4g0JfMrcTqtQtB1h3ip6GHyq_8wPDhMlKd8gNzR1_jYWtj5b_PCgVfQVu56oEmcM1hAyLFNmmyjo179dv4WdFeBym-aA/s600/PIC.PNG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;339&quot; data-original-width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;261&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwUU5BUaqoS7UsWOSwuI18pUPvPS-gKeeD4XcyYsdIoZeFrvZi4g0JfMrcTqtQtB1h3ip6GHyq_8wPDhMlKd8gNzR1_jYWtj5b_PCgVfQVu56oEmcM1hAyLFNmmyjo179dv4WdFeBym-aA/w463-h261/PIC.PNG&quot; width=&quot;463&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_18&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;PIC 16F877A&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;L&#39;intégration du PIC 16F877A dans un schéma électronique est des plus aisées. L&#39;alimentation se fait au travers de deux broches VDD qui requièrent une tension de 5V. Un découplage au travers d&#39;un condensateur est recommandé par le constructeur. La broche MCLR permet un reset matériel du microcontrôleur mais cela n’étant pas utile à l’application, la fonctionnalité est&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;désactivée par la connexion du pin au Vcc. Aussi, la masse du microcontrôleur doit être connectée à la masse du circuit grâce aux deux entrées VSS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_18&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;LCD&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;L&#39;afficheur est constitué de deux lames de verre, distantes de 20 µm environ, sur lesquelles sont dessinées les mantisses formant les caractères. L&#39;espace entre elles est rempli de cristal liquide normalement réfléchissant (pour les modèles réflectifs). L&#39;application entre les deux faces d&#39;une tension alternative basse fréquence de quelques volts (3 à 5 V) le rend absorbant. Les caractères apparaissent sombres sur fond clair.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Cet afficheur nécessite une alimentation de 5V pour pouvoir alimenter son pilote interne et ainsi permettre l’affichage des caractères sur l’écran. La résistance variable permet de pouvoir modifier le contraste à tout moment. Ce LCD possède huit bits de données, mais seules quatre sont utilisées. Le composant propose en effet un mode de transmission sur 4 bits en passant les caractères en deux temps. Cela économise quatre lignes de données sur le microcontrôleur. Il possède également trois lignes de contrôle : une de lecture ou d’écriture de données sur le LCD, une qui informe si les données servent à la configuration de l’afficheur ou à l’affichage, et une qui avertit l’afficheur qu’un caractère est présent sur le port.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_28&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Cablage avec PIC:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;225&quot; src=&quot;https://static.wixstatic.com/media/970c79_68b4bc258cfa4590ab76627f86ce2228~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_600,h_339,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01/970c79_68b4bc258cfa4590ab76627f86ce2228~mv2.webp&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_18&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Clavier 4*4(keypad)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Ce clavier comprend 16 touches disposées en 4 lignes et 4 colonnes.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;L&#39;appui sur une touche fait communiquer une ligne avec une colonne.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Les lignes sont des sorties. Les colonnes sont des entrées maintenues au niveau haut par une résistance interne au pic.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Le système envoie par balayage un niveau bas sur chaque ligne (1 seule à la fois) et balaye les colonnes en lecture.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Quand il lit un niveau bas, c&#39;est que la colonne est reliée par une touche appuyée à la ligne qui est basse à ce moment.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;On n&#39;a pas besoin de programmer ce balayage : c&#39;est la bibliothèque qui le fait.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;226&quot; src=&quot;https://static.wixstatic.com/media/970c79_4cf27d68d7294635abda7c7c4b0956d7~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_600,h_339,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01/970c79_4cf27d68d7294635abda7c7c4b0956d7~mv2.webp&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration-line: underline;&quot;&gt;Circuit sur ARES(routage)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;226&quot; src=&quot;https://static.wixstatic.com/media/970c79_e01960354e75417895202fd3704597e2~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_600,h_339,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01/970c79_e01960354e75417895202fd3704597e2~mv2.webp&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;conception 3D :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;226&quot; src=&quot;https://static.wixstatic.com/media/970c79_b063e9a694104c908f62192bd27556ef~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_600,h_339,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01/970c79_b063e9a694104c908f62192bd27556ef~mv2.webp&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Réalisation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;372&quot; src=&quot;https://static.wixstatic.com/media/970c79_c090c8dcdc274bd2a1491cbe75c960aa~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_516,h_480,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01/970c79_c090c8dcdc274bd2a1491cbe75c960aa~mv2.webp&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_28&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;Programation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PIC kit est une famille de programmateurs pour microcontrôleur PIC de Micro chip &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Technologie. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Le PICKit2 possède une fonction nommée Programmer-To-Go (PTG) qui permet de télécharger le fichier HEX et les instructions de programmation dans sa mémoire intégrée (128KB i2c EEPROM ou 256KB i2c EEPROM) donc aucun ordinateur n&#39;est requis lors de l&#39;application finale.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;programme et fonctionnement de système:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Le Programme de notre projet constitue la démarche suivante :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;1) Activation de LCD :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Lcd_Init();&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;// Initialisation de&amp;nbsp; LCD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;// Clear display&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;// Cursor off&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;lcd_out(1,4,&quot;Bienvenue&quot;);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;delay_ms(1000);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;lcd_out(1,1,&quot;Entrer le code:&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;2)Activation de clavier :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Keypad_Init();&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;kp=Keypad_Key_Click() ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; }&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; while(!kp);&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;x=read_keypad(kp);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if(i==0)&amp;nbsp; p0=x;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;if(i==1)&amp;nbsp; p1=x;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if(i==2)&amp;nbsp; p2=x;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; if(i==3)&amp;nbsp; p3=x;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; lcd_out(2,6+i,&quot;*&quot;);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; // affichage des * pour sécuriser le code&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;--&amp;gt; Après la comparaison le code entré et de code enregistré en mémoire, Il existe deux conditions :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;▪ si le code est conforme :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;lcd_out(1,1,&quot;code accepte&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ouverture porte();&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_18&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;/// le moteur tourne&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Initialisation ()&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;▪ si le code est non validée :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;lcd_out(1,1,&quot;code Errone&quot;);&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;lcd_out(1,1,&quot;Retapez le code:&quot;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_11&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;--&amp;gt;Cette opération provoque le déclanchement de BUZZER a la troisième fois. lcd_out(1,1,&quot;Porte bloquee!!&quot;)&lt;/span&gt;;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;alarme_porte();&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;YOUTUBE-iframe-video&quot; data-thumbnail-src=&quot;https://i.ytimg.com/vi/DhRuz1m01D0/0.jpg&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;266&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/DhRuz1m01D0?feature=player_embedded&quot; width=&quot;320&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;JMAL Radhoine&lt;/b&gt;​&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: red; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; background: 0px 0px red; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;font_8&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;color_27&quot; style=&quot;background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: red; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; background: 0px 0px red; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;NB: Pour plus de détail contactez moi...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/feeds/8480531090604532373/comments/default' title='Publier les commentaires'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/controle-dacces-base-pic-16f877a-avec.html#comment-form' title='0 commentaires'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/8480531090604532373'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7688905747564159607/posts/default/8480531090604532373'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://projets-electronique-et-informatique.blogspot.com/2019/08/controle-dacces-base-pic-16f877a-avec.html' title='Controle d&#39;accés à base de pic 16F877A avec clavier4*4'/><author><name>JMAL</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14646860183275336519</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUE1d7y73LKseq9fL30rjohynk8mhsaVTygojzsPOJ0mJbE-EMTWUdJp22V6dIhGEWJeeQ7KAzpO8htNEfLEA0bfK_OKWaJ41tNGpn7OMZeS7xfu43AINxgUOniyzC04A/s113/Soap_bubbles_in_Algerian_grassland.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwUU5BUaqoS7UsWOSwuI18pUPvPS-gKeeD4XcyYsdIoZeFrvZi4g0JfMrcTqtQtB1h3ip6GHyq_8wPDhMlKd8gNzR1_jYWtj5b_PCgVfQVu56oEmcM1hAyLFNmmyjo179dv4WdFeBym-aA/s72-w463-h261-c/PIC.PNG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Tunisie</georss:featurename><georss:point>33.886917 9.5374990000000253</georss:point><georss:box>27.1461895 -0.78964949999997458 40.627644499999995 19.864647500000025</georss:box></entry></feed>