Research Papers and Forms

A Closer View on Organizational Change

2011-02-14T11:21:00.000-08:00

The managers’ perspective on change is results oriented. They are very aware of the business issues facing the organization and are accountable for the financial performance of the company. When a change is needed, they require action quickly.
In many cases, executives or senior business leaders must weigh the return on investment of this change as compared to other strategic initiatives in the company. Their primary concerns are:

• When can the change be completed?
• How much improvement will be realized?
• How will this change influence our financial performance?
• What is the required investment?
• How will this change impact our customer

If the answers to these questions are favorable to business leaders, then the directive to a project manager or project team is typically “let’s get it done.”

Organization view should always lead to a better results than expected.

Soon, i will post the next part of this research...

Organizational Change - Definition of Terms

2011-02-12T04:30:00.000-08:00

Definition of Organizational Change:

• Many of the Human Resource Practitioners defined Organizational Change as leadership, culture and core values of an organization which needs process of change;

• It is the concept of organizational change if is regarding wide to organization-change, as opposed to smaller changes such as adding a new person, modifying a program, etc. Examples of organization-wide change might include a change in mission, restructuring operations (e.g., restructuring to self-managed teams, layoffs, etc.), new technologies, mergers, major collaborations, "rightsizing", new programs such as Total Quality Management, re-engineering, etc. ;

• Some experts refer to organizational transformation as Organization Change. Often this term assigns a fundamental and essential re-orientation in the way the organization operates their business operation;

• We can also define Organizational change as companies that are undergoing or that have undergone a transformation. Which has always key words in conjunction with “Success” or “Failure” or “Experiment?" Process;

• It sometimes define as leading people on different path than what they are accustomed to, associated with business planning that has three main driving forces – people, technology and information.

• Organizational change occurs when a company makes a transition from its current state to some desired future state. Managing organizational change is the process of planning and implementing change in organizations in such a way to minimize employee’s resistance and cost to the organization while at the same time maximizing the effectiveness of the change effort.

• Change Management is a continuous process of aligning an organization with Change Triggers responsively and effectively.

• From a human aspect of point of view, change management is simply an efficient and effective process of managing the human side of change.

Will post soon the next part of this research presentation... "Objectives, Missions, Techniques and Guidelines of Organizational Change"

Organizational Change - Introduction

2011-02-06T20:54:00.000-08:00

Overview of the Organizational Change

Organizational change is probably one of the few regular organizational management can rely on to happen now and in the future. Logically, those that implement change within organization would hope for a successful outcome that benefits the majority of those involved.

That result of course, is not always the case. I think there are certain organizational change elements that allows for a more satisfying change experience and studies would explore those elements in the course of using the a particular system in actual operation study. The implication will be in line of their study while making the change in the organization. The findings may be helpful to those who must implement change now or in the future operation.

The process of change is an occurrence that takes place in organizations whether it is small or large, for-profit or nonprofit, and industrial or commercial in nature. Given the supporting social and economic situation of today, some form of change is inevitable and has become a common event for organizations and their shareholders. (Akin & Palmer, 2000)

There are many factors can be included such as the fluctuating economy, changes in competition, customer bases, technology, and the ongoing development and evolution of organizations are just some of the issues affecting and contributing to organizational change (Barker & Tompkins, 1994).

For the organization to survive, compete and prosper, changes in policies, members or employees, and products or services must occur over time and assumed additional expenses.

Private companies are certainly no exception to change in all aspect of operational and non-operational issues. As Tierney (1998) stated:

Recent economic, demographic, political and social changes in U. S. society have dramatically come together to alter both the purposes for private and public companies which have asked to change and the resources available to it. Companies must now come up which changes they must pursue, rather than continuously resisting the concept of organizational change (Farmer, 1990).

Since there are frequent changes for private companies in terms of products and services; technology and gadgets; employees etc… It is important to study and plan for its organizational change prior proceeding in taking the process of change to be able to understand, and determine the most effective methods for implementation of the Change Management.

Communication is one important issue in preparing the change within organization (Morgan, 2001). Whether it is the process itself through which the change event is communicates or the meanings created by the shareholders involved in change, communication is one of the key element in understanding organizational change.

Given the purpose of organizational change in private companies, the focus usually takes the process of change and the effects of it within the organization. Both (positive and negative) issues and outcomes will need to show certain explanation on the change process. In addition, we have to come up with results showing, whether it meets the objectives of a certain change in an organization.

Each case will look at organizational change through the statewide implementation of a new master plan in the Top Management of a particular private entity. Particular Methods/Models will be used as their criteria of framework in preparation of a master plan prior to specific change under study.

Top management directly involved in the implementation process, including its Managers/Subordinates, clients and suppliers, internal and external consultants, and other people or entity, which will be affected by the change within the organization. Importance is placed as the top objective of the organizational change then next is the sub-objectives, which are for several reasons, should be included as expected outcomes of change process.

The very nature of change renders an organization’s system of shared importance, which is obsolete. As Eckel and Kezar (2003) stated: “Familiar and long-standing meanings and interpretations – which compose the current negotiated reality – are challenged as the circumstances in the institution finds itself changed”. Hence, if change is to be successful, it is imperative for organizations and their stakeholders to work to create new, shared objectives during times of organizational change – which means to move the process forward.

An organization’s future growth and survival depends on its ability to successfully implement change that has as its goal to ultimately improve the organization in some way. Change elements can positively and/or negatively facilitate the change processes of organizations.

Will post soon the next part of this research presentation... "Definition of Terms"

How To Write An Effective Research Proposal

2011-01-29T21:14:00.000-08:00

In writing an effective Research Proposals for funding a specific research, the writer should deliver an abstract goal and show faces of its academic cultures and attributes that will raise partly the public consciousness.
A proposal’s mostly evident the functions to persuade an organization to the project that shines using the 3 kinds of merit of disciplines value, such as:

• Conceptual Innovation
• Methodological Rigor
• Substantial Contents

To make it short, a writer that would like to propose should feel the needs to speak with consideration to customs, norms, and needs which oversee the process by themselves.

Reading Sources: Retrieved January 29, 2011, ON THE ART OF WRITING PROPOSALS by ADAM PRZEWORSKI and FRANK SALOMON

A Research for Ground Water Pollution - References

2011-01-28T06:11:00.000-08:00

References
1. ^ Pink, Daniel H. (April 19, 2006). "Investing in Tomorrow's Liquid Gold". Yahoo. http://finance.yahoo.com/columnist/article/trenddesk/3748.
2. ^ a b West, Larry (March 26, 2006). "World Water Day: A Billion People Worldwide Lack Safe Drinking Water". About. http://environment.about.com/od/environmentalevents/a/waterdayqa.htm.

3. ^ "A special report on India: Creaking, groaning: Infrastructure is India’s biggest handicap". The Economist. 11 December 2008. http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12749787.

4. ^ "China says water pollution so severe that cities could lack safe supplies". Chinadaily.com.cn. 2005-06-07.

5. ^ "As China Roars, Pollution Reaches Deadly Extremes". The New York Times. August 26, 2007.

6. ^ United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Washington, DC. "The National Water Quality Inventory: Report to Congress for the 2002 Reporting Cycle – A Profile." October 2007. Fact Sheet No. EPA 841-F-07-003.

7. ^ a b United States Geological Survey (USGS). Denver, CO. "Ground Water and Surface Water: A Single Resource." USGS Circular 1139. 1998.

8. ^ Clean Water Act, section 502(14), 33 U.S.C. § 1362 (14).

9. ^ CWA section 402(p), 33 U.S.C. § 1342(p)

10. ^ a b EPA. "Protecting Water Quality from Agricultural Runoff." Fact Sheet No. EPA-841-F-05-001. March 2005.

11. ^ USGS. Reston, VA. "A Primer on Water Quality." FS-027-01. March 2001.

12. ^ Schueler, Thomas R. "Microbes and Urban Watersheds: Concentrations, Sources, & Pathways." Reprinted in The Practice of Watershed Protection. 2000. Center for Watershed Protection. Ellicott City, MD.

13. ^ EPA. “Illness Related to Sewage in Water.” Accessed 2009-02-20.

14. ^ a b EPA. "Report to Congress: Impacts and Control of CSOs and SSOs." August 2004. Document No. EPA-833-R-04-001.

15. ^ a b c G. Allen Burton, Jr., Robert Pitt (2001). Stormwater Effects Handbook: A Toolbox for Watershed Managers, Scientists, and Engineers. New York: CRC/Lewis Publishers. ISBN 0-87371-924-7. http://unix.eng.ua.edu/~rpitt/Publications/BooksandReports/Stormwater%20Effects%20Handbook%20by%20%20Burton%20and%20Pitt%20book/MainEDFS_Book.html. Chapter 2.

16. ^ Schueler, Thomas R. "Cars Are Leading Source of Metal Loads in California." Reprinted in The Practice of Watershed Protection. 2000. Center for Watershed Protection. Ellicott City, MD.

17. ^ Selna, Robert (2009). "Power plant has no plans to stop killing fish." San Francisco Chronicle, January 2, 2009.

18. ^ For example, see Clescerl, Leonore S.(Editor), Greenberg, Arnold E.(Editor), Eaton, Andrew D. (Editor). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (20th ed.) American Public Health Association, Washington, DC. ISBN 0-87553-235-7. This publication is also available on CD-ROM and online by subscription.

19. ^ "Environmental works: types of sewage.Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. N.p., 2009. Web. 9 Oct. 2009.

20. ^ EPA (2004)."Primer for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Systems." Document No. EPA 832-R-04-001.

21. ^ EPA. "Green Infrastructure Case Studies: Philadelphia." December 9, 2008.

22. ^ EPA (1997) Profile of the Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation Industry . (Report). Document No. EPA/310-R-97-007. p. 24

23. ^ a b U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). Washington, DC. "National Conservation Practice Standards." National Handbook of Conservation Practices. Accessed 2009-03-28.

24. ^ a b c EPA. "National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Agriculture." July 2003. Document No. EPA-841-B-03-004.

25. ^ EPA. "Integrated Pest Management Principles." March 13, 2008.

26. ^ EPA. "Animal Feeding Operations." December 15, 2008.

27. ^ Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Des Moines, IA. "Animal Feeding Operations in Iowa." Accessed 2009-03-05.

28. ^ Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. Nashville, TN."Tennessee Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook." 2002.

29. ^ EPA (2006). "Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control." National Menu of Stormwater Best Management Practices.

30. ^ a b EPA (1999)."Preliminary Data Summary of Urban Storm Water Best Management Practices." Chapter 5. Document No. EPA-821-R-99-012.

31. ^ EPA. "Fact Sheet: Low Impact Development and Other Green Design Strategies." October 9, 2008.

32. ^ California Stormwater Quality Association. Menlo Park, CA. "Stormwater Best Management Practice (BMP) Handbooks." 2003.

33. ^ New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. Trenton, NJ. "New Jersey Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual." April 2004.

Analytical Tools and Other Specialized Resources

• Water pollution advice for businesses on NetRegs.gov.uk

• Bibliography on Water Resources and International Law - Peace Palace Library (Netherlands)

• EUGRIS - Portal for Soil and Water Management in Europe

• Causal Analysis/Diagnosis Decision Information System (CADDIS) - US EPA guide for identifying pollution problems (stressor identification)
http://www.essaytown.com/topics/groundwater_pollution_quality_contamination_essays_papers.html

A Research on Ground Water Pollution - Sources

2010-05-23T04:33:00.000-07:00

Researcher categorize the sources of ground water pollution into Individual, Agricultural, Municipal and Industrial which help differentiate the types of Ground Water Pollution from (Above and Below) the ground.

There are so many lists of where the contamination for Ground Water came from. In this study, you will know that not only from people disposal to business establishment but up to our own home there is source of pollution toward ground water. In the illustration below, you will find pictures that show how the given sources below contaminate the Ground Water. Here are some of the sources for ground water pollution:

• Septic Systems evidence for contamination of wastewater shows above ground the detection of excessive bacteria, and chemicals in well water.

• Small Disposal Pits used for dumping or burning wastes from business establishments and people and evidences appeared petroleum odor, other chemical odors, and chemical in well water.

• House and Garden Chemicals evidence for contamination of chemicals in well water.

• Stream Infiltration evidence for contamination of excessive bacteria, or chemicals as well as the odors and other changes in the water quality test.

• Deicing Salts evidence for contamination of salty taste in water and high chloride level in well water.

• 6. Landfills evidence for contamination observed leach ate run-off, seepage into nearby surface water and high levels of bacteria, organic chemicals, metals, nitrates in well water.

• 7. Storage Lagoons a source of contamination mostly used by industries, farms, municipalities, mining operations, oil and gas producers which evidence shows spills, changes in color, taste, odor, unhealthy or dead vegetation near lagoon and excessive bacteria or chemicals found in well water.

• Underground Storage Tanks this source of contamination evidence shows petroleum odor in wells or basements, tank inventory losses, spills and detection of leaks.

A Research on Ground Water Pollution - Examples of ground water pollutions

2010-05-21T23:34:00.000-07:00

1. Decaying and Fungi material contamination

2. Iron Oxide Stain caused by reticulation
3. High concentration of Chromium
4. Others

Additional examples are given below for ground water pollution:
Love Canal, located in upstate New York were found a very high rates of cancer which we may say that is alarming number from birth defects. The reason of this was from the organic solvents and dioxins, which were wastages of Industrial Landfill built all over the state that produce contamination to the water supply and air.
Ganges Plain, located in northern India and Bangladesh, which was one of the most affected naturally from arsenic contamination of 25% affection of water wells. This pollution were adapted due to its aquifer sediments which contains organic matter (dead plant material) that scientifically generate an environment without oxygen (Anaerobic) conditions within the aquifer. Thus results of microbial dissolution of iron oxides in the sediments that release arsenic.

A Research for Ground Water Pollution - Purpose of the Study

2010-05-19T05:43:00.000-07:00

II. This paper will aim to discuss the followings:

a. Ground Water Pollution

Ground Water is the water located in the surface of the soil. When water in this area becomes polluted and contaminated, the Ground Water will be called Ground Water Pollution sometimes referred as Ground Water Contamination a type of pollution where ground water becomes polluted or contaminated but not specifically pointed to the water in the ground but on the surface of the soil. [^¹Ground Water becomes polluted, when materials seep through the soil and reach the water, which can happen when rainfall washes contaminants into the ground and when polluted surface water connects with ground water, and when buried tanks or waste disposal sites start leach. People usually identify ground water pollution when people start getting sick while drinking it, or when routine testing of water supplies reveals contamination.] S.E. Smith (2003-2010).

Ground Water Pollution is one of the government lists of serious and expensive problems for society.

A Research for Ground Water Pollution - Introduction

2010-05-19T05:41:00.000-07:00

Groundwater pollution is one of the problems of each society that needs to address to people and business establishment. Finding the accurate sources of this, will help us prevent spreading it more and more.

Long ago, the status of ground water beneath the surface and water surroundings is more than 60% of the earth structures. However, years passed and passed each country like to be the leader of the nations through this continuous believes all of them wanted to build more than civilized to industrialized community that tend to threat the water surface in the world.

It started from building one establishment in the ground water surface of the earth, another year they will build 10 buildings, which almost covers a small city. What I am trying to say is “a non-stop industrial civilization in one country will push them to the limit to not care anymore for the ground water in the surface beneath the earth. For example, here in UAE if you happen to look back 20 to 30 years ago, you will only see 3 or 5 to 10 small buildings because this country was not civilized as what it is now. They built buildings, supermarkets, businesses, and establishment etc… what next? Where do they throw all the wastage materials after completion of one building, of course, its either they sell it from nearby country or they kept it in one area inside the country. No wastes materials (organic and non-organic) are healthy for the ground water surface. The area of soil and / or surface where they kept the wastages will be contaminated and for sure the pores of the soil is absorbing the moistures and remaining water from the surface that are contaminated/ or polluted by the kept wastage in the place leading the ground water to pollution problem.

In this research, I will try to describe in detailed the connection between Ground Water Pollution to People, Society and Business Establishment as well as civilize industrialization.