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Top 10 Most Polluted Cities In The World 2023

2023-02-16T10:38:00.003+05:30

Top 10 Most Polluted Cities In The World (2023)

According to the 2021 World Air Quality Report by IQAir, the top 10 most polluted cities in the world, based on average levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are:

The following are the top 10 most polluted cities in the world based on PM2.5 concentrations, according to the 2021 World Air Quality Report by IQAir:

Delhi, India
Lahore, Pakistan
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Kolkata, India
Kabul, Afghanistan
Wuhan, China
Guangzhou, China
Shanghai, China
Chengdu, China
Jakarta, Indonesia

NB-PM2.5 refers to fine particulate matter that is 2.5 micrometers or smaller in diameter, which can cause respiratory and cardiovascular problems when inhaled. It is one of the most harmful air pollutants and is typically released by industrial and transportation activities, as well as natural sources such as wildfires and dust storms.

World Air Quality Index (AQI) Report 2023

There are several organizations and agencies that publish world pollution reports. Here are a few notable ones:

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP): UNEP is a global organization that works to address environmental challenges, including pollution. It publishes a range of reports and assessments on pollution, including the Global Environment Outlook (GEO) report.
World Health Organization (WHO): The WHO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that focuses on public health. It publishes reports on the health impacts of air pollution, water pollution, and other forms of pollution.
Greenpeace: Greenpeace is an international environmental organization that campaigns on a range of issues, including pollution. It publishes reports and investigations on the sources and impacts of pollution in different parts of the world.
World Air Quality Index (AQI): The World AQI is a global network of air quality monitoring stations that provides real-time data on air pollution levels in different cities and regions around the world. The network is managed by a team of researchers and data scientists who analyze and publish air quality data and reports.
The Lancet Commission on Pollution and Health: The Lancet Commission is a global initiative that brings together researchers, policy-makers, and other stakeholders to address the health impacts of pollution. It publishes reports and policy recommendations based on its research findings.

These are just a few examples of the many organizations that publish world pollution reports. The reports they publish are used by governments, NGOs, and other stakeholders to guide policy-making and advocacy efforts aimed at reducing pollution and protecting human health and the environment.

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Top Websites for Learning AutoCAD and PLC Programming

2023-02-15T07:06:00.000+05:30

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"Top websites for PLC and AutoCAD tutorials"

There are several free platforms to learn PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and AutoCAD (Computer-Aided Design) online. Here are some options:

PLC Academy: PLC Academy offers a wide range of free online courses on PLC programming and industrial automation. The courses cover topics such as ladder logic programming, HMI (Human Machine Interface) design, and PLC troubleshooting. The courses are available in video format and include quizzes and assignments to test your knowledge.
LearnPLC: LearnPLC is another free online resource for learning PLC programming. The website provides tutorials on PLC basics, ladder logic programming, and advanced topics such as motion control and PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control. LearnPLC also has a forum where you can ask questions and get help from other PLC programmers.
AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45: Tutorial45 offers a range of free AutoCAD tutorials for beginners and advanced users. The tutorials cover topics such as 2D and 3D modeling, rendering, and customization. The website also has a forum where you can ask questions and get help from other AutoCAD users.
AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD: SourceCAD offers a variety of free AutoCAD tutorials that are suitable for beginners and intermediate users. The tutorials cover topics such as drawing commands, dimensioning, and annotations. The website also has a blog section where you can find additional tips and tricks for using AutoCAD.
AutoCAD For Beginners: AutoCAD For Beginners is a free YouTube channel that provides step-by-step tutorials on using AutoCAD. The videos cover topics such as drawing commands, layers, and blocks. The channel also has a playlist dedicated to 3D modeling in AutoCAD.
Learn PLC: This website offers free online PLC training courses for beginners, including a basic introduction to PLCs and programming. They also offer advanced courses for those who want to specialize in certain areas of PLC programming.
YouTube: There are many free YouTube channels and videos that offer tutorials on PLC programming and AutoCAD. Some popular channels include RealPars, The Automation School, and Engineering Hub.
Autodesk University: This website offers free online courses on AutoCAD, as well as other Autodesk software products. They also offer webinars and tutorials on specific topics related to AutoCAD.

Overall, there are many free platforms available to learn PLC and AutoCAD. It is important to choose a platform that offers comprehensive and structured learning material, as well as opportunities to practice and apply your skills.

PLC Academy:

PLC Academy is an online learning platform that provides training and resources for individuals who want to learn about Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) and industrial automation. Here are some details about PLC Academy:

Content: PLC Academy offers a wide range of courses and resources on PLC programming, industrial automation, and electrical engineering. They cover everything from basic PLC concepts to advanced programming and control techniques. Their courses are designed to be hands-on and practical, and they provide examples and case studies from real-world industrial automation applications.
Format: PLC Academy offers its courses in a variety of formats, including video lectures, interactive simulations, and practical exercises. The courses are self-paced, so you can learn at your own speed and on your own schedule. The platform is accessible from any device with an internet connection.
Certification: PLC Academy offers a certification program for individuals who complete their courses. The certification program is designed to provide recognition for the skills and knowledge gained through their courses. To earn the certificate, you will need to complete a certain number of courses and pass the associated exams.
Free resources: PLC Academy offers several free resources, including a PLC programming tutorial for beginners, a free course on advanced PLC programming, and a library of articles on industrial automation and electrical engineering.
Community: PLC Academy has a community of learners and experts who can offer support, feedback, and advice. You can connect with other learners through their discussion forums and social media channels.

Overall, PLC Academy is a comprehensive platform for individuals who want to learn about PLC programming and industrial automation. With its hands-on courses, certification program, and supportive community, PLC Academy is an excellent choice for those looking to develop their skills in this field.

LearnPLC:

LearnPLC is an online learning platform that provides free tutorials, courses, and resources for individuals who want to learn about Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) and industrial automation. Here are some details about LearnPLC:

Content: LearnPLC offers a wide range of free courses, tutorials, and resources on PLC programming, industrial automation, and electrical engineering. They cover everything from basic PLC concepts to advanced programming and control techniques. Their courses and tutorials are designed to be easy to understand, and they provide examples and case studies from real-world industrial automation applications.
Format: LearnPLC offers its courses and tutorials in a variety of formats, including text-based articles, video lectures, interactive simulations, and practical exercises. The courses and tutorials are self-paced, so you can learn at your own speed and on your own schedule. The platform is accessible from any device with an internet connection.
Certification: LearnPLC does not offer a certification program, but they provide free tutorials and courses that can help you gain the skills and knowledge needed to work with PLCs and industrial automation.
Free resources: LearnPLC offers several free resources, including a PLC programming tutorial for beginners, a free course on advanced PLC programming, and a library of articles on industrial automation and electrical engineering.
Community: LearnPLC has a community of learners and experts who can offer support, feedback, and advice. You can connect with other learners through their discussion forums and social media channels.

Here is the web link for LearnPLC: https://www.learnplc.com/

Overall, LearnPLC is a great free platform for individuals who want to learn about PLC programming and industrial automation. With its easy-to-understand courses and tutorials, interactive simulations, and helpful community, LearnPLC is an excellent choice for those looking to develop their skills in this field.

AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45:

AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45 is an online learning platform that provides free tutorials and courses for individuals who want to learn about AutoCAD software, which is used for computer-aided design (CAD) in various industries. Here are some details about AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45:

Content: AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45 offers a wide range of free courses and tutorials on AutoCAD software, covering everything from basic concepts to advanced techniques. Their courses are designed to be easy to follow, and they provide step-by-step instructions with screenshots and videos to make learning more accessible.
Format: AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45 offers its courses and tutorials in a variety of formats, including text-based articles, video lectures, and practical exercises. The courses and tutorials are self-paced, so you can learn at your own speed and on your own schedule. The platform is accessible from any device with an internet connection.
Certification: AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45 does not offer a certification program, but their free tutorials and courses can help you gain the skills and knowledge needed to work with AutoCAD software.
Free resources: AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45 offers several free resources, including a series of beginner-level courses that cover the basics of AutoCAD software, as well as advanced courses that cover complex topics such as 3D modeling and rendering.
Community: AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45 has a community of learners and experts who can offer support, feedback, and advice. You can connect with other learners through their discussion forums and social media channels.

Here is the web link for AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45: https://tutorial45.com/autocad-tutorial/

Overall, AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45 is a great free platform for individuals who want to learn about AutoCAD software. With its easy-to-follow courses and tutorials, practical exercises, and supportive community, AutoCAD Tutorials by Tutorial45 is an excellent choice for those looking to develop their skills in computer-aided design.

AutoCAD Tutorial by Source CAD:

AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD is an online learning platform that provides free and paid tutorials, courses, and resources for individuals who want to learn AutoCAD software, which is widely used in engineering and architecture. Here are some details about AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD:

Content: AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD offers a variety of tutorials and courses on AutoCAD software, covering everything from basic concepts to advanced techniques. Their courses are designed to be easy to follow, and they provide step-by-step instructions with screenshots and videos to make learning more accessible.
Format: AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD offers its courses and tutorials in a variety of formats, including text-based articles, video lectures, and practical exercises. The courses and tutorials are self-paced, so you can learn at your own speed and on your own schedule. The platform is accessible from any device with an internet connection.
Certification: AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD offers a paid certification program, where learners can take an exam to test their AutoCAD skills and receive a certificate upon passing.
Free resources: AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD offers several free resources, including a series of beginner-level courses that cover the basics of AutoCAD software, as well as advanced courses that cover complex topics such as 3D modeling and rendering. They also offer a free library of articles and videos on AutoCAD and related topics.
Community: AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD has a community of learners and experts who can offer support, feedback, and advice. You can connect with other learners through their discussion forums and social media channels.

Here is the web link for AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD: https://www.thesourcecad.com/

Overall, AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD is a great platform for individuals who want to learn AutoCAD software. With its comprehensive courses and tutorials, practical exercises, and supportive community, AutoCAD Tutorial by SourceCAD is an excellent choice for those looking to develop their skills in computer-aided design.

Learn PLC:

Learn PLC is an online learning platform that provides courses and tutorials for individuals who want to learn about programmable logic controllers (PLCs), which are used in automation and control systems in various industries. Here are some details about Learn PLC:

Content: Learn PLC offers a wide range of courses and tutorials on PLCs, covering everything from basic concepts to advanced techniques. Their courses are designed to be easy to follow, and they provide step-by-step instructions with examples and practical exercises.
Format: Learn PLC offers its courses and tutorials in a variety of formats, including video lectures, text-based articles, and practical exercises. The courses and tutorials are self-paced, so you can learn at your own speed and on your own schedule. The platform is accessible from any device with an internet connection.
Certification: Learn PLC offers a paid certification program, where learners can take an exam to test their PLC skills and receive a certificate upon passing.
Free resources: Learn PLC offers several free resources, including a series of beginner-level courses that cover the basics of PLCs, as well as advanced courses that cover complex topics such as ladder logic programming and PLC troubleshooting. They also offer a free library of articles and videos on PLCs and related topics.
Community: Learn PLC has a community of learners and experts who can offer support, feedback, and advice. You can connect with other learners through their discussion forums and social media channels.

Here is the web link for Learn PLC: https://www.learnplc.com/

Overall, Learn PLC is a great platform for individuals who want to learn about programmable logic controllers. With its comprehensive courses and tutorials, practical exercises, and supportive community, Learn PLC is an excellent choice for those looking to develop their skills in automation and control systems.

Autodesk University:

Autodesk University is an online learning platform that provides courses, tutorials, and resources for individuals who want to learn Autodesk software, including AutoCAD, Revit, 3ds Max, and others. Here are some details about Autodesk University:

Content: Autodesk University offers a variety of courses and tutorials on Autodesk software, covering everything from basic concepts to advanced techniques. They also provide courses on related topics such as architecture, engineering, and construction. Their courses are designed to be easy to follow, and they provide step-by-step instructions with examples and practical exercises.
Format: Autodesk University offers its courses and tutorials in a variety of formats, including video lectures, text-based articles, and practical exercises. The courses and tutorials are self-paced, so you can learn at your own speed and on your own schedule. The platform is accessible from any device with an internet connection.
Certification: Autodesk University offers a paid certification program, where learners can take an exam to test their skills on Autodesk software and receive a certificate upon passing.
Free resources: Autodesk University offers several free resources, including a series of beginner-level courses that cover the basics of Autodesk software, as well as advanced courses that cover complex topics. They also offer a free library of articles and videos on Autodesk software and related topics.
Community: Autodesk University has a community of learners and experts who can offer support, feedback, and advice. You can connect with other learners through their discussion forums and social media channels.

Here is the web link for Autodesk University: https://www.autodesk.com/autodesk-university/

Overall, Autodesk University is a great platform for individuals who want to learn Autodesk software. With its comprehensive courses and tutorials, practical exercises, and supportive community, Autodesk University is an excellent choice for those looking to develop their skills in architecture, engineering, and construction.

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What The Important role of large Turbo Generator in thermal power plant ?

2020-07-23T14:50:00.010+05:30

WHAT IS TURBO GENERATOR /ALTERNATOR

Alternator is a part of A generator. It operates on the same principle of faradays law of electromagnetic induction .it also consist of armature winding and magnetic field, here armature winding mounted on rotating element is called stator and field winding is called rotor.

Working Principle of Generator

In case of DC generator armature is rotate and field winding is stationary similarly in ac generator or alternator armature winding mounted on stationary element called as stator and field winding is rotating is called rotor.
It works on the principle of faradays law of electromagnetic induction .
Whenever s conductor rotates in the magnetic field emf is induced in that conductor.
According to Fleming left hand rule The thumb finger indicate direction of motion and fore finger indicate magnetic lines of force produced flux and middle finger indicates direction of current.

It consist of stator and rotor, stator consist frame ,winding , magnetic core similarly rotor consist of rotor shaft and winding.

Construction Details Of Turbo Generator

Turbo Generator consist main parts a stationary part called stator and a rotating part called rotor.

STATOR
Stator Frame- It consist stator core and winding and provide ventilation for cooling media.
End Shields- End shields of stator frame are closed by fabricated cover and provides passing dust for gas suction and discharge the rotor fan.
Stator core- It is made up cold rolled grain oriented material and lamination generally 0.35mm to 0.5mm insulated by class B & F .varnish temperature 135 degree to 155 degree.
Stator Winding-It is made up Copper the out put of 3 phase is bring out through stator winding.
Gas Cooler-It is located on the casing of the generator for cooling the H2 gas normally 4 gas cooler is used .
Terminal Bushing-the 3 phase is carried out from winding and fed to transformer through terminal bushing.

ROTOR
Corona Shield-The main purpose of corona shield to avoid don’t exhaust flux in the out of generator.
Rotor Shaft-It is made up Chromium Nickel Polybednium Vandanium steel material it consist fan rotor winding and retaining ring etc.
Rotor Winding-It is placed milled slots on rotor shaft.
Rotor Retaining Ring- The over hang portion of rotor winding is held in position.
Slip Ring-It is used to fed the excitation current in the rotor winding for production of emf.
Cooling Fan-Two number of fan are provided both end of generator for gas circulation inside the machine.

Sealing System Of Generator
Seal are required to prevent leakage hydrogen gas and air in the shaft of rotor . the rotor shaft ends of the hydrogen cooled generator are brought out of the gas tight and pressure resistance .Therefore to prevent leakage of H2 gas in outer and air enter into the generator and air ingress into generator through the shaft gland. To prevent those activities by providing radial and axial seal oil filling at high pressure than H2 So no H2 will escape from generator housing .shaft seal supply same oil for the journal bearing of generator and turbine.

Mainly two type of shaft sealing are used

1> Ring type sealing system

2> Thrust type sealing

RING TYPE SEALING
This type of sealing consist of two short bearing in the form of bronze rings fitting closely to rotor shaft and apart from each other by a spring. Oil is forced between 2 ring oil is passed in both axial direction along the shaft and radially flow between the ring . The radial position of the ring balance by a spring and oil pressure. The axial movement is prevent by the stoppers provided in the upper part of housing ,here a small clearance are provided between shaft and rings on H2 and air side.

THRUST TYPE SEALING
This typr of sealing consist of small shaft bearing held by oil pressure or a spring a collar m/c on the rotor shaft. The seal consist of an end face liner having grooves in the face , a high pressure oil is give to chamber where flow to radial grooves then axial grooves due to centrifugal action between collar and liner space and shaft. The gap between collar and seal line adjust by spring compression for more oil flows to air side than to H2 side of the shaft. Oil flow of air side pressure is higher than the press of oil flow in H2 side ,So oil enter into generator absorb 6.5% .hydrogen carry out of the generator and 10 % air by volume absorb carried out the generator.

SEAL OIL SUPPLY SYSTEM
The same seal oil is used the bearing lubrication system but seal oil and lub oil are kept separate and it consist-
Oil injector
Two seal oil pump (1 ac and 1 dc)
Two cooler
Two filters
Differential pressure regulator
Oil check pipe
Pressure oil regulator
Damper tank
Hydraulic seal tank

1-Supply Of oil to shaft seal

The oil to the shaft seal is supplied from two different source ,During operation oil take governing system at 20ksc and oil taken lubrication system of 1.5ksc these two oil injector are diffused through oil injector.

2-Oil Pump

Pump are used for back up purposes if failure of oil injector ,then oil supply by two 100% oil pumps one stand by and other emergency ,stand by pump is driven by 415v AC motor and emergency pump is driven by 220v DC motor ,hence there are electrically interlock. If the pressure is drop below 1.5ksc stand by pump detected due electrically interlock and run up and supply oil

3-Oil Cooler

Mainly two oil cooler are used to cooling the oil one stand by and another is running they are electrically interlock ,water cooling at ambient temperature condition at maximum 5ksc

4-OIl Filter

Oil filter are located after oil cooler , this filter are screen type and prevent filtering foreign particle entering the oil flow and damage of bearing and shaft seal material 2 filter are used in service.

5-Differential Pressure Regulator

In order to maintain constant pressure between oil and H2 a differential pressure regulator are used, it maintain pressure of oil at a higher than hydrogen pressure is 0.5 to 0.9ksc.

6-Thrust oil regulator

The output pressure thrust oil regulator is 1ksc to 2.2ksc , It provide for holding the shaft seal ring against a collar on rotor in case of thrust type of sealing.

7-Damper Tank

The oil after differential pressure regulator enter into damper tank then goes to sealing, it provide supply the oil to the shaft during transit condition to changeover injector supply to the pump supply vice versa ,it is located 6mt centre of generator due to pressure remain constant between H2 and oil. A magnetic float indicator are used to give signals during low and emergency oil level tank.

8-Hydrogen recovery and Hydrogen seal tank

Air and hydrogen are soluble in lube oil at operating temp to extend 10% and 6.5% thus solubility increases with temp increases .in operating condition oil flow towards the H2 seal while the oil flow to the air side take up air. If the oil and contaminant within air and H2 is circulated through the seal it gradually remove hydrogen and released air into it ,so the purity of H2 is reduced so it will necessary to release to vent of the generator housing to atmosphere and admit fresh H2 to maintain purity. To avoid oil contaminant with H2 and oil contaminant in air , Separate remove the contaminant and keep the oil and hydrogen in the system, The oil contaminant with hydrogen is drained to a tank through U’’ shape loop pipe service as sealing to prevent gas circulation through this tank caused by pressure difference produced by both end of the generator this tank is called Hydrogen seal tank . That time oil drain from H2 side of the shaft seal and at sometime escape of H2 from generator casing through the oil drain pipe line.

COOLING SYSTEM OF GENERATOR

Cooling required in generator for dissipating as heat through stator and rotor bodies. Cooling medium should be air, hydrogen water etc. Generally for cooling the generator stator and rotor body used Demineralised water and H2 gas , For cooling of the exciter we used air medium. Hydrogen cooling provided for rotor winding and core which are cooling through H2 passing through it slots , So maximum temperature rise for cooling medium is 90 degree in rotor and RTD(Resistance Temperature Detector) is used for measuring the different point of temperature of variation in resistance . Stator water cooling provide stator core and stator winding through its slots so maximum temperature allow for cooling medium is 80 degree and Thermocouple are used to measure temperature.

Air Cooling Turbo Generator

Heat generated in stator winding and core the temperature drop from winding to core across slots insulation will proportional to insulation thickness. There is a temperature drop between air and rotor surface this is called heat barrier this can be reduced by increasing turbulence and heat transfer coefficient of coolant. The temperature drop between teeth and rotor surface is decreased because of increased turbulence this air cooling is used of capacity up to 60 megawatt.

Stator Water Cooling

Generally in 210MW power plant DM water is used for stator cooling by passes DM water through the slots of the stator. Main bushing and phase connection stator winding is cooling by absorbing of heat of water through radiation. The cooling water being in direct contact with the high voltage winding an conductivity of the order of 0.5 to 1 micro-Ω cm. The stator winding cooled by closed circulation of low conductivity of DM water through the hollow rectangular conductor which form the cooling water system for higher rating 210MW.
Two 100% duty AC motor driven centrifugal pump one working and other standby .They are inter lock to each other for circulating cooling water from the expansion tank to stator slots. Two 100% cooler are provided for cooling when temperature increase above 45 degree.
The 100% duty water filter are provided after cooler one working and other stand by ,Here water filter is mesh type filters. magnetic filter are provided for catch the magnetic particle circle through water.
The following of water towards winding is measured by 3 flow indicator which connected to and orifice plate . 200 to 300 mm of Hg MMWC inside the expansion tank maintain. The purity of DM water is measured in specific resistance falls below 75KΩ cm.
The cooling water primary cooling absorb heat loss designed as primary water . The water flows inlet header at turbine end to out let header at exciter end inside generator housing. When water is passed the hollow conductor of stator winding absorbs heat from them reach primary water tank.
H2 gas diffuser into primary water circuit through Teflon house liberated by degassing action in the primary water tank , this tank is again taken into cooling by pumps through primary water coolers.
The heat absorbed by the primary water in generator stator winding is dissipated to the secondary coolant in these coolers.

Hydrogen Cooling

First we have purging the line by Co2 fill which hydrogen gas is circulated, H2 gas circulate 3.5ksc in rotor slot .Mainly H2 gas is used for cooling the rotor winding and core.
This gas is used to less wind age and friction loss. Reduced size of machine and increase life and output of machine
4 hydrogen gas cooler installed in the turbine side turbo generator. Hydrogen and air mixture between 5/95% , 75/25%, are explosive and hence normally a 95/5% to 98/2% is maintained.
The gas cooler consist cooling tubes made of brass with coil copper wire wound to increases the surface area of cooling water tubes clarified water is used for cooling hydrogen gas .This water flows across the cooling tubes and the hydrogen flows across the cooling tubes and it comes in contact with external surface of the cooling water tubes and the hydrogen is cooled.

The hydrogen cooling system takes the supply of gas in main holes into the generator housing through two headers, one at the top of generator and other is bottom of generator .The gas main hole are connected to gas generation station.
During purging out operation Co2 is heavier than hydrogen this Co2 is charged through the bottom header while H2 is forced out through the top header it cannot contact with air inside the generator from any explosive mixture . So during filling in H2 gas it charged through top header and Co2 is forced out from bottom header.

SYNCHRONIZING PROCESS OF GENERATOR

Check all parameter before synchronizing of generator are
-Check all the parameter of generator are healthy.
-Stator cooling water flow more than 21t/Hr .
-Stator cooling water temperature 40 degree.
-Cold end hydrogen temperature less than 40 degree.
-Seal oil differential pressure between 1.2 ksc to 1.5 ksc.
-Generator stator water cooling system water conductivity is less than 5 mm of water column.
-Hydrogen and stator water cooler are charged for cooling and clarified water pressure to hydrogen and stator water cooler low.
-Turbine RPM is more than 2990 RPM then closing the bus side isolator from switchyard control room.
-Closing transformer side isolator from switchyard control room.
-Excitation system is control manually or automatically by remote.
-Switch on the synchroscope to check mode.
-Incoming and running voltage & frequency start showing on their corresponding meter.
-Synchroscope needle start rotating at proportional difference to generator and grid frequency.
-Closed the field circuit breaker and giving impulse for 5 seconds. And releasing the switch when indicating lamp show then closing the field breaker glow.
-Adjust the turbine speed to match generator frequency with grid.
-Adjust the generator excitation to match the generator voltage with that of grid.
-As synchroscope needles comes 11 ‘O’ clock position (Clockwise)the green lamp should be ON and RED lamp goes off at 12 ‘o’ clock position and indicate synchronising by glowing of lamp at generator desk.
it taken load at 10 to 20MW.

What is excitation system and why excitation system of generator

Excitation system is To create strengenth magnetic field in rotor field winding of generator by giving DC current to rotor field winding for produced emf , So that DC excitation system is required for generation of pole ,in case of AC excitation system cannot produced poles and cannot produced emf.
In case of generator a additional energy is required for torque generation in generator and develop EMF in the rotor winding in turbo generator and this additional energy called Excitation System.

Excitation system is two type
          -Static Excitation
          -Brushless Excitation
   Now a days static excitation is mostly used due to renovation and modernization remove brushless excitation system . 4MW power required in DC excitation and now a days carbon brush is replaced by using carbon-silver brush which advantages are ,Very low contact resistance, Long life , Resistance does not changes when rotor on the stationary or steady state condition which will cause increase in loss.
So to increase in excitation voltage 1^st closed the Field Circuit Breaker ,
2^nd Increase Automatic Voltage Regulator through Permanent Magnet Generator, 3^rd Monitor field current.

Main Component of Excitation System

Main components of excitation system are
Main exciter
Pilot Exciter(PMG)
Excitation Transformer
AVR
Thyristor Converter
Field Breaker

Automatic Voltage Regulator-
Automatic voltage regulator is the important part in synchronous generator , It control the output voltage of the generator by controlling its excitation current. Thus it can control output reactive power of the generator. It increase or decrease exciter current for more a linear voltage and frequency , It maintain constant voltage of alternator terminals by maintaining the excitation required for maintain the terminal voltage of alternator with change in the load, Increasing excitation voltage with increase in reactive volt ampere(KVAR) which decreases the power factor. Generally voltage of generator is kept constant so rest of the component VICOSᵩ current and COSᵩ vary according to load , Increase in current with decrease in PF vice-versa.

Excitation Voltage V α KVAR & I

V α 1/COS ᵩ
Hence increase in reactive voltage ampere (KVAR) and increase in power factor .
Thyristor Converter--
It is a SCR device familiarise , It is used for rectification of AC voltage fast control of DC current.
Field Circuit Breaker –
FCB is a AC or DC side of the converter, It open the field under fault condition first absorption of field energy it is also known as field discharge energy circuit.

BRUSHLESS EXCITATION

In this system DC excitation is give through both bar not in brush, Here three pilot exciter (PMG) is used to supply DC into field winding of mechanical energy through AVR and diode,
Here diode is convert AC to DC and AVR control its excitation current after that mechanical energy , a rotating diode is used to fed the DC supply into rotor winding of generator through bar ,so it is called Brushless excitation.
Here silp ring eliminating brush gear for simple and reliable and minimum operation and maintenance cost should be less. Here stroboscope used for failure of detection. No external source required since pilot exciter has permanent magnet field.
One additional bearing and increases in shaft length are required. This system get activate through PMG ,ME,RD(rotating diode).

STATIC EXCITATION SYSTEM

In this case brush and slip ring are used for excitation , Here PMG has 400HZ/sec which supply 3 phase DC to ME through diode and AVR. Here ME supply gives to PE supply give to ME rotor winding for production of flux and EMF this is utilised to feed supply to rotor winding of generator through Field breaker and again come back to ME field winding through rotating diode.
Here also a excitation transformer which give 4MW power for DC supply and this is held on a AVR through field flashing through diode .
Field flashing means for start up DC excitation system is fed to field from external source like battery or rectifier AC from station AC supply so both flashing and regulating up 30% to 70% above 70% flashing get cut-off.

NB-If generator failure then suddenly load decreases which causes power failure or black out occured.

Excitation Power Required

200/210MW 500MW

Excitation current at full load - 2600A 310A

Excitation Voltage at full load - 6300V 600V

What is Deaerator and function of Deaerator ?

2020-07-19T11:12:00.000+05:30

Deaerator

IN 210MW thermal power plant deaerator situated 22mt from ground level. it consist FST and domed vessel .
The main function of deaerator is used to remove some dissolve gasses like oxygen, Co2 , Nitrogen etc.

Working-
When water enter into deaerator inlet valve hence, water flows from upper surface to lower surface at that time water is boiled and its temperature increases which convert into steam hence temperature increases with increase in surface area and also increased in solubility of water .as the steam contain some dissolve gases due do density difference dissolve gases move toward atmosphere through air vent .This is the working of deaerator.

DEAERATOR

How to make DM water from raw water through various process in TPP.

2020-07-14T10:20:00.003+05:30

WATER CHEMISTRY

WATER TREATMENT

What is water
Water is the combination of two molecule of hydrogen and one molecule of oxygen.

2H2+O → H2O

In a thermal power plant main sources is water so it can must be required to plenty amount for produced electricity through steam flowing to steam turbine.
So that the raw water is carried out from river ,sea , kennel etc. This raw water contain some impurities to remove those impurity water treatment plant must be required.(the impurity are salt and mineral, Organic material, Biological ,Oil and grease, Floating solid, Colloids, Colour , Order, Suspended solids etc).

Process of making DM water from raw water in WTP

                                              In water treatment plant raw water is carried out from river,lakes,sea etc.These raw water contains impurity like large material which is removed through mesh,The process of removed large particle material is called Screening.
             After screening the raw water is storage a large sourrounded area where remove some bacteria by mixing of chlorine in water in ths process is called Areation.
           After aeration process complete we get a clarify water through clarification by filter is called Pre-treatment of WTP. It involves Coagulation, Floculation after that clarifier used to remove sludge in water through pressure filter.
            After clarification active carbon filter is used as a filter bed through which water is passed .it main function is to activate carbon by oxidation of water by free of chlorine .in active carbon filter a membrane        filter is used to removed non-reactive silica.
            After removing silica through active carbon filter we make DM water by post-treatment through Anion exchange resin, Cation exchange resin, Mix bed unit ,after cat ion exchange the influent acid and all the bicarbonate present in water which convert CO2 .This CO2 is removed through degasser through degasser pimp otherwise co2 is removed in anion exchange method .and De-Mineralised water is prepare to formation of Steam.

Why DM water is used formation of steam not in raw water

Because DM water does not contain any impurities which is suitable for produced steam. If we use raw water it contain impurities like silica when the raw water is feed to boiler the silica is deposited on boiler water wall tube which reduced heat transfer and silica deposited inner surface of tube which occurred Scaling.

Method of treatment of water in WTP

Two type of method used in water treatment plant
1> Pre-Treatment
      This method is used to avoid corrosion in boiler tube
      silica, colloids, suspended solids, organic mater, bacteria,
     physically mixed, floating solid etc removed in pre treatment plant

2>Post-treatment
Post treatment is used to remove dissolve gasses and solid to make DM water

1-PRE-TREATMENTPLANT

Pre treatment is used to remove suspended solids, colloids, organic matter etc. Process of removing those things steps are below given.

Ø Screening
Screening is provide to avoid large size floating material comes from with water from river.the screening are 25mm dia hole and are spaces about 100mm apart and placed slightly inclination from vertically which is easy to remove large particle,here velocity of water should not exceed 0.5m/s. After screening a fine screen fitted through orifice in size of 6mm dia to removeparticle in size of 6mm dia to remove particle are also called travelling water screens.

Ø Raw water storage

After screen the raw material is storage large surrounded area at 7 to 15 days for improvement of water quality and average water demand and also reduced bacteria, suspended solids and river algae etc.

Ø Prechlorination
This process chlorine is injected into raw water for destroys the high bacteria ,oxidizes, iron and manganese are kill algae ,reduces colour etc.

Ø Aeration

The process is used to controlling taste, order, and Corrosion but not all case complete control gases are absorbed or liberated from water between natural gas contain in atmosphere and gas contain in water , the volatile matter and decomposing organic matter can be manganese in solution are also oxidized and precipitated out.

Ø Coagulation
This process small particle suspension together to from large agglomerate. Fine particles and colloids are present in water which carry negative charges on their surface which are true coagulation into a large particle which depend upon frequency of collision. So it is very important process to accelerate sedimentation of suspended particles coagulation aids is different type which are all long chain molecules carrying electrically active group like long chain poly acrylic amides which carries positive charges.

Ø Flocculation
When ferric and aluminium salts added into water is formed insoluble hydroxide which comes out as flocks whose surface carry positive flocks attracts itself with the negative charged particles in water and also attracts and holds humic acid. When alums added in water aluminium hydroxide floc and sulphuric acid is reduced PH value of water normally raw water PH is alkaline, after addition of alum in water PH value may be down to coagulation pit. In rainy season when turbidity is high , alum dosing is high in that case PH may faill below coagulation PH. So Lime ca(OH2) is used to increase PH to required level & helps to remove some hardness.

Ø Clarifiers

This system which water is cleared form most of the suspended solids with or without coagulation then there is different types of clarifiers.

1>Conventional type

2>Hopper to remove sludge - it is used to remove sludge

Ø Filteration

Filtration means removing suspended solid out of fluids and colloids from water. in case of filtration no sands and mud are not filtration here water which has been screened and settled which contained suspended matter and colloids .colloids are those particles which does not show in microscope which size is 0.005 to 0.2 microns in diameter. The colloids is water absorb and scatter light passing through it this process remove suspended solids in water.

1>Deep bed filter

It is used to removed sand always back washed upward and san bed expand and solids are released

It is 2 type -Up flow filter

-Down flow filter

2>Slow and rapid sand filter

Its flow is 1-2kg /sqft/hr and 100litr/sq-m/hr

3>Activated carbon filter

It is used to remove bacteria growth it main function is oxidisation of water by free chlorine.

4>Membrane filter

A Ultra filtration membranes used to remove non-reactive silica with a pressure of 5 bar water have total dissolve salts or more than 500 ppm.

2 POST TREATMENT

Post treatment is used in DM plant maded ehich is 3 type of process.
a) Ion exchange method

b)chemical softonic method

c)Reverse osmosis method

Ø ION EXCHANGE METHOD

In this method includes anion exchange resin and cation exchange reign for removing dissolve solid

Cat ion exchange method

Cat ion is positive charge but in acid which represent H+ and its resin is R+ it is two type

1. Strong acid cation exchange
When the function group attached to resin matrix is strong acid group is called SAC resin. It split all salts and influence by PH of water its operational exchange capacity and regeneration efficiency of SAC is less than WAC.

2.Weak acid cation exchange
When the functional group is of weak acid is called WAC resin it can spited weak electrolyte carbonate and bicarbonate only.

Anion exchange method

It can denoted OH- and negative charge it is two type
1.Strong base anion resin
Strong Based anion the functional group is strong base is called SBA.it performance is not influenced by water PH and it exchange with both strong and weak acids.

2.Weak base Anion Exchange
   When the functional group attracted to weak base is called week base anion. It performance better at low PH and increase PH decreased it performance when PH more than 11

                                    efficiency SAB<WBA

Mixed bed unit

This method both anion and cation exchanger passing through water mixed bed unit is formed and after mix bed unit DM water is made.

DEGASSIFIER

After the cation exchanger the influent is acid and all the bicarbonate present in water is converted to co2 , this co2 can remove in degasser ,the capital cost of degasser is very less and running cost also less. other wise co2 is remove in anion exchanger. The theory of degasser based on following gas law.

DALTONS LAW
The total pressure exerted by a mixture of several gases to the sum of the partial pressure of individual gas. Again according to charls law the partial pressure of each gas is determined by the amount of that gas in the mixture.

HENRYS LAW
The solubility of the gas in water is directly proportional to the partial pressure or that gas is contact with water.

X = P/H

Where X= Amount of gas dissolved in water
P=Partial pressure of the gas in contact with water
H= Constant at that temperature

What is fire & fire extinguisher and type of fireextinguisher and uses

2020-07-13T13:22:00.002+05:30

WHAT IS FIRE AND TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Fire Fightening System & Its type

Fire is a Chemical Reaction Between Fuel and Oxygen(air)at a certain temperature and produced flame,heat,Light, Co2 etc.

Fire triangle –

To combine 3 element made fire
1>Fuel
2>Heat
3>Oxygen(air)

(FIRE TRIANGLE)

Combustion process-

The process of required supply of fuel and oxygen at a flame zone before ignition Temperature will react by a high speed collision of their molecules to start bombarding chain reaction between each molecule and production of fire is known as combustion.

Three type of combustion- 1)Slow Combustion
2)Rapid Combustion
3)Spontaneous Combustion

Classification of Fire-

Class-A-
This class of fire consist combustion of solid material like wood,paper,textile etc.

Class-B-
This type of fire consist flammable liquids solvents,paints,petroleum product etc.

Class-C-
This type of fire consist of gaseous substance like LPG,Acetylene,ethane,propen etc.

Class-D-
This type of fire consist reactive chemical and combustible metals etc.

Class-E-
Fire due to electrical origin.

Development of fire
When fire is burn radiant heat and flame is produced.so heat and flame will move upward and radiantion heat is move sides and downward.

Type of fire extinguisher

Class A - Wter type,foam type,DCP type,Wet chemical type fire extinguisher used.

Class B – Foam,DCP type,C02 type fire extinguisher used .

Class C – Only DCP type (Dry Chemical Powder) fire extinguisher used.

Class D – DCP type fire extinguisher used

Class E – Electrical equipment DCP type,Co2 Type fire extinguisher used.

Class F – Wet chemical type fire extinguisher used.

N.B- When fire extinguisher used on a fire Always remember this mothed ‘PASS’

P- Pull the pin on the fire extinguisher in order to break the seal.
A- Aim the nozzle or hose at the base of fire from the recommended safe distance.
S- Squeeze the operating lever or discharge the fire extinguisher .
S- Sweep the nozzle from side to side while pointed at thr base of the fire until it extinguished.

How to create a company and Entryaccount transaction details on Tally ERP.9...

2020-07-12T00:28:00.000+05:30

BASIC OF TALLY ERP.9

》How to create a Company on tally

If you have already create company then select company,neither Create a new company.

1st Double click on tally icon from your desktop.and to Select Create company from the Company Info. Menu using up and down arrow key and press Enter Key. In this company creation screen, you should enter all the details of the company which describe below the image.1.0

N.B-Financial year always start from 1st april 2002. and book opening and financial year always remain same date.

Creation of company 1.0

》 Account Entery Information

Enter account details go to ACCOUNT INFO >Leadger >Single leadger >create >Name

N.B- Initially in tally cash account is already exit so doesnot create it

Account Info 3.0

Account Info 40

Account Info 5.0

Account Info 6.0

If any incorrect details enter into account the we rectify that information by going to LEADGER >Single Leadger >Alter >Shown list of leadger . shown fig 7.0

Account Info 7.0

》 indivisual transaction Entry Details

Go to Main menu Gate way of tally >> Transaction > Accountiing Voucher >Individual account details

Shown fig Transaction 8.0 and 7.0 details

Transaction 8.0

Transaction 9.0

Transaction 10.0

N.B-When Entry any transaction details must conform the date by click F2 Display on right side menu panel.

After entry all account transaction details we can review then go to

GATEWAY OF TALLY↓

↓

Report

↓

Display

↓

Trial balance(if it seen)

If we want to Show Individual account transaction details then go to

Gateway of tally

↓

Display Menu

↓

Account Books

↓

Leadger

↓

List of Leadger(all account details)

Finally we learn how to create company and enter account details and Trasaction entry details on tally erp .9

Thank You

Motivational Quotes

2018-04-10T10:10:00.001+05:30

https://sbmtech550.blogspot.in/2018_03_29_archive.html
MOTIVATIONAL QUOTES

"Motivation is the inter action of both concisious and unconcisious factors of his or her peers for behaving certain way ."

QUOTE-1

"Be Your own judge. if you find yourself good, the world will come to believe it "

QUOTE-2

" No work is small irrespective of success and applause or failure, keep working towards your goal."

QUOTE-3

" Success always hugs you in private, but failure always slaps you in public.such in the life."

QUOTE-4

" Instead of saying "don't see evil, Don't speak evil, don't hear evil' ;SAY 'see good, hear good and speak good."

QUOTE-5

"Action without thinking and thinking without action ; both will yield 100% failure."

QUOTE-6

"Success comes from experience and experience come from failures and bad Experience."

QUOTE-7

"I only believe in Good Luck .There is mo such thing as bad luckin the world, Because everything happenes for the est. it means something bad is happening to us, you may feel hurt now but you would find at the right time that it was for the better."

QUOTE-8

' Always keep learning Thos e who are learning are alive , those who have stopped l earning are nothing but living corpse.;

QUOTE-9

"You have to be powerful, not because you cansurprisess others, but to ensure others cannot surpress you"

QUOTE-10

" When someone tells you , "You can't do it"; he just wants to say that "I can't do it.'

QUOTE-11

"I am not successful because some people think i am ... i am.. successful because i think i am."

QUOTE-12

" When people say you cannot do it, neither fight nor be quite, just ask, Why i c annot , Then see hoe your cards open up."

QUOTE-13

\ 'The time when you look at the things that you didn't have; indicates that you fake is poor and the time when you look at the thing that you do have ; indicates that your fate is good."

QUOTE-14

"If you are searching for the person who will change your life, lool in the mirror"

QUOTE-15

"Those eho cannot change their thinking they cannot change anything."

QUOTE-16

"Your success in any field is only limited by your own capability. Successful peopleare in every field. you can even find a millionaire garbage collector."

QUOTE-17

"Learn from your mistakes. and when you do something great, don't let it greow over you. keep your ego in check grow out of it."

QUOTE-18-

"The only stable people are those who adept according to the changes in the world . this quick adaption of the situation is called creative thinking."

QUOTE-19

"Mediocrity is a dangerous jealous by seeing people better than us. and keep feeling happy by seeing people worse,stuck in theses feelings forever."

QUOTE-20

"What is the right track , Seeing positive side of every situation is the right track."

QUOTE-21

" The possibility available to you are limited only by your awareness. if you are aware, you would learn anything quick, you would succeed in any work."

QUOTE-22

"Your desire to change fir better must be greater than your desire to be as it is."

QUOTE-23

"Always remember,you are many times bigger than your problems."

QUOTE-24

"Talent has a limit, goal seting has limit, even Motivation has a limit but inspiration that you get from within has to limits."

QUOTE-25

"The person who cansge his habits, he will change tomorrow. The person who cannot change his habits will see same things happening tomorrow as he has , To change your fate, Change your Habits."

"Yes You Can , Get Motivate Stay Motivate"

Power Technology (SBM): APRIL FOOL DAY

2018-04-04T20:08:00.001+05:30

Power Technology (SBM): APRIL FOOL DAY: http://goglogo.net/search.php?name=SATYABRATA+MISHRA&style=3 Happy April Fool Day Man Hellow friends Happy A...

https://sbmtech550.blogspot.in/2018_03_29_archive.html

APRIL FOOL DAY

2018-03-31T19:30:00.000+05:30

http://goglogo.net/search.php?name=SATYABRATA+MISHRA&style=3

Happy April Fool Day Man

Hellow friends Happy April Fool Click below link go to my April Fool WebSite=⇒

http://goglogo.net/search.php?name=SATYABRATA+MISHRA&style=46

We know that April Fool Day is celebrated on 1st April, 2018. On this day, people send April Fool Jokes and messages to each other. We have a unique collection of April Fool Jokes for those who want it. The best thing about our stuff is that we have the latest in my blog . So you just need to go to our Blog and share it in Whatsapp or any other social networking sites.

April Fool 2018

"it is a memorable day as pranks given out would surely work out for you. April Fool messages and jokes are here for you to update on Whatsapp. Select some special categories like April fool jokes especially for friends, family, husband or any other relation. Everybody is waiting for 1st April to crack jokes and pranks on their friends. This day is gaining importance ever since 19th century"

A – You are Attractive,

B – You are the Best,

C – You are Cute,

D – You are Dear to Me,

E – You are Excellent,

F – You are Funny,

G – You are Good-Looking,

H – Hehehe,

I – I’m,

J – JOKING.

Click Below Link
http://goglogo.net/search.php?name=HAPPY+FOOL+DAY%28SBM+TECH%29&style=80

Happy April Fool Day!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Click the link
http://goglogo.net/search.php?name=SATYA+BRATA+MISHRA&style=86

1-The only day which reminds us what we are on the other 365 days is April Fool's Day..

Hope you have a great one today

------------------------------------------------

2-To Someone Who test the depth of water of booth feet,Enjoy your special day "Happy Fools Day"

-----------------------------------------------------

3-New financial year, new fools.

But how can we ignore the old fools like you.
It's a crowning moment for you.
Have a rocking special day!
------------------------------------------------------.
THANKYOU
FRIENDS
HAPPY
APRIL
"FOOL
HAVE A
NICE"
DAY
%%%%%$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$%%%%%

2018-03-30T12:17:00.002+05:30

oh god Jesus

Oh Good Friday 30/03/2018

Good friday when Christians commemorate Jesus Christ's crucifixion. So why is it called Good Friday.

According to the Bible, the son of God was flogged, ordered to carry the cross on which he would be crucified and then put to death. It's difficult to see what is "good" about thats awy known as "GOOD FRIDAY"

Image1

HINT OF GOOD FRIDAY

Greeting Message of Good Friday

"The Friday before Easter is the most solemn day for Christians it is the day Jesus Christ died on the cross. Good Friday to all of you"

"When you face problems in life,
Don't ask GOD to take them away.

Ask Him to show His purpose,

Ask ways how to live a day searching his purpose for you"

"Feel good when somebody Miss u.

Feel better when somebody Loves u.
But feel best when somebody never forgets u.
Good Friday"

"Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever." He brews 13:8. His life still gives us hope, May you live in his unchanging love. May Jesus who was born in a manger be born again in your Heart? Good Friday"

Vêry gråtêful for thê måny
blêssîngs thê Lord hås gîvên mê
Î lovê you Lord. Happy Good Friday.

For God so lovêd thê world
Thåt hê gåvê hîs only bêgottên son
To bê crucîfîêd & pêrîshêd
For thê sîns of thê world
Ånd såvêd humanity
Måy God blêss us åll on this
Good Friday

Share message Through

Vêry gråtêful for thê måny
blêssîngs thê Lord hås gîvên mê
Î lovê you Lord. Happy Good Friday

"Happy

Good

Friday"

⋰⋅ஃஃஃ

2018-03-27T13:30:00.000+05:30

BHIM makes money transfer as easy as sending a text message. so start using BHIM today and be cashfree..

click the below link seen about bhim money transfer app...
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Youcan also download the app by click the link below/.......

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2018-03-14T14:00:00.000+05:30

Stephen Hawking died at the age of 76 on March 14, 2018. He was a Cosmologist and he was the Sine of our Universe So we remembered him.

The physicist and author died at his home in Cambridge.

British physicist and author, Stephen Hawking passed away at the age of 76. He was regarded as one of the most brilliant theoretical physicists since Albert Einstein.
Physicist Stephen William Hawking passed away at the age of 76 on March 14, 2018. Hawking, also a well-known author and TV personality, died at his home in Cambridge, a family representative said in a statement. He was born on January 8, 1942. Professor Hawking is one of the most famous cosmologists and theoretical physicists of our time. Hawking also held the prestigious Lucasian Professor of Mathematics chair at the University of Cambridge till 2009. This position was once held by Isaac Newton. Hawking’s book like ‘A Brief History of Time‘ also made him and his scientific work well-known outside the realm of academia.
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He was diagnosed with ALS (a form of Motor Neurone Disease) in 1963 at the age of 21 and doctors did not expect him to live for more than four-five years. However, he survived for nearly 55 years with ALS, a neurodegenerative disease, and eventually was confined to a wheelchair and lost control of his voice. Despite his illness, Professor Hawking made some of the most important discoveries in theoretical physics, in quantum theory and gave answers to questions on how the universe came to be.
Stephen Hawking dead: Quotes by the celebrated physicist
He is best known for his work Black Holes and Singularity and the prediction that black holes emit radiation, which is known as Hawking Radiation. Here’s a look at some YouTube video clips of Hawking which give a brief glimpse into his key ideas on the beginning of the Universe to questions on the existence of God.
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Stephen Hawking TED Talk on the expanding universe

In this TED talk video by Stephen Hawking, he talks about the Big Bang theory, why the universe emerged from it the way it did and whether anything existed before the Big Bang Theory. He also talks about whether we are alone or there is other life on the universe. Watch to know his answer.

Stephen Hawking on John Oliver’s Last Week Tonight

Stephen Hawking was interviewed by John Oliver in Last Week Tonight‘s ‘People Who Think Good’ series, where he talked about parallel universes, artificial intelligence among other topics. In the video, Hawking displays his trademark wit and sarcasm and talks about how science fiction writers have often used his concept of “Imaginary Time,” (which is another direction in space), because they do not understand it. He also talked about how AI could be a real danger in the not-too-distant future. He also told John Oliver, that the talkshow host would lose if he fought a robot.

Stephen Hawking with Neil deGrasse Tyson on what was before Big Bang

In this video, Stephen Hawking talks to StarTalk host Neil deGrasse Tyson on what existed before the Big Bang. He also talks about the concept of Imaginary time in this video. He also talks about that how the universe has no boundary.

Stephen Hawking’s acceptance speech of the 2013 Fundamental Physics

Stephen Hawking’s speech at the 2013 Fundamental Physics, which was held on March 20 2013 in Geneva, Switzerland. Two Special Fundamental Physics Prizes of $3 million were given to Stephen Hawking as well as seven CERN scientists at the ceremony.

Stephen Hawking on the answer of God existing in the universe

“I don’t think it is very useful to speculate on what God might or might not be able to do. Rather we should examine what he actually does with the universe we live in,” Stephen Hawking said on God in this video.

Stephen Hawking at Imperial College London

A Q&A session at the Imperial College, London with Stephen Hawking on October 17, 2016 where he answers questions like, “whether artificial intelligence will one day take over?”
This is the information about Stephen Hawkig Died at 76 years March 14 2018

THANKYOU Regards - SATYABRATA MISHRA

2018-03-13T16:27:00.003+05:30

This is my First Blog Post, Here I will Show How TO by Posting New Blog About AnyThing.

This Video Showing On Steam Turbine blade size which is us in power Plant.

Shrouding Blade Assembling