SeaAggieROV

How to Draw Shear and Moment Diagrams and Examples

2013-03-04T19:35:00.000-08:00

Procedure for Analysis

WARNING!!! Not practicing shear and moment problems will not aid mastery of this subject.

SUPPORT REACTIONS

Determine reactive forces and couple moments acting on beam.
Resolve all forces into components acting perpendicular and parallel to beam’s axis.

SHEAR AND MOMENT FUNCTIONS

Specify coordinates: i.e. origin at left end of beam
Shear calculated by summing forces perpendicular to beam’s axis
To eliminate V, moment obtained by summing moments about sectioned segment

SHEAR AND MOMENT DIAGRAMS

Plot shear diagram (V versus x) and the moment diagram (M versus x). If V or M are positive, plot graph above x-axis, if negative, below the x-axis.
Show V and M diagrams below the load diagram (L.D.)

***If you need help with a shear moment problem, please submit it to me HERE, or my email address: SeaAggieROV@neo.tamu.edu

Here are a few examples of shear and moment diagram problems:

2013-03-03T07:51:00.002-08:00

Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) visits Sam Houston State

Innovation of the future.

Simple arduino projects

2012-08-26T22:27:00.001-07:00

Here I have connected a light sensor to an led (blue) and programed the light to turn on when there is minimal light available.
Below this a potentiometer controls the blinking of a pink led.

Check it out!

Turning a potentiometer to control blinking of an led.

N-channel mosfet fades an led using trigonometry in the code. See! Trig is useful, and it can be used in your life.

Programmed an Attiny45 to blink using the Arduino UNO as a programmer. This accomplishment took some time reading through posts from others experiencing trouble getting the Attiny to program.

1:53

2012-08-07T08:34:00.001-07:00

Arduino UNO

In the meantime, while I wait for quad parts to get here, I will be working on mastering fade and toggle switch capabilities with my Arduino UNO.

Here is a pic of the UNO using fade on a red led:

...and here is a short video of the UNO using a pushbutton to control the led next to pin 13 on the Arduino board:

Since my last update, I have cancelled the order to my parts. So back to the arduino for now.

2012-08-05T12:41:00.000-07:00

Quadrocopter project

I plan to build a quad in order to get more familiar with electric motors, electronics, flying a remote operated vehicle (ROV), and to have some fun. I would like to do constructive things with the quad.
I need to come up with some constructive ideas later. For now I will be patiently waiting for the parts to get here.

The parts I will order might be from WWW.HOBBYKING.COM website. A few items I might order could get back-ordered, thus I will have to wait at most two weeks for them to get to me from Hong Kong.

PART LIST

Code	Description	Qty	STATUS
9171000022	Turnigy Talon Quadcopter (V2.0) Carbon Fiber	1	Reserved
NTM35-ACC	NTM Prop Drive 35 Series Accessory Pack	4	Reserved
MY30ABEC	Mystery 30A BEC Brushless Speed Controller (	4	Backorder
B12A1062-06	Turnigy Pure-Silicone Wire 12AWG (1mtr) BLAC	1	Reserved
HS -160A	Cable Ties HS2.5x60mm 100pc (Natural White)	1	Reserved
AM1043-10-32	10CM Servo Lead (JR) 32AWG Ultra Light (10pc	4	Backorder
AM1009x10	HXT 4mm Gold Connector w/ Protector (10pcs/s	1	Reserved
AM1001A	PolyMax 3.5mm Gold Connectors 10 PAIRS (20PC	2	Reserved
WH-5MM-BLACK	Turnigy 5mm Heat Shrink Tube - BLACK (1mtr)	1	Reserved
QUAD-CON16K	HobbyKing Multi-Rotor Control Board V2.1 (At	1	Reserved
HCB-10	10X6 Propellers (Standard and Counter Rotati	2	Reserved
N2200.3S.45	Turnigy nano-tech 2200mah 3S 45~90C Lipo Pac	2	Reserved
601A-12-10cm	XT60 Male w/ 12AWG Silicon Wire 10cm (5pcs/b	1	Reserved
TX-9X-M1	Turnigy 9X 9Ch Transmitter w/ Module & 8ch R	1	Reserved
BOX-439g	Extra Length Cardboard Box and Packing 439g	1	Reserved
Accucel8150	Turnigy Accucel-8 150W 7A Balancer/Charger	1	Reserved

PROJECT POSTPONED

Deep SCUBA Diving-Deep Diving can be replaced by ROV flights

2012-02-28T20:12:00.004-08:00

Dangers to Human Divers on Deep Dives

August 05, 2011

Timothy Kurtin

Vic Penuel English 301

Table of Contents

Introduction                                                      3
Figure 1                                                      3
Figure 2                                                      3
What are ROVs?                                                  3
Figure 3                                                      4
Cost of ROVs and ROV Personnel                                           4
Figure 4                                                      4
Current Uses For ROVs                                              5 Figure 5                                                      5
Advantages of ROVs                                                  5
Figure 6                                                      6
SERPENT                                                      6
What Is Deep Diving?                                              8
Figure 7                                                       8
Cost of Deep Divers                                                 8
Figure 8                                                      8
Current Uses For Deep Divers and Job Demand                                   8
Figure 9                                                      8
ROVs Instead of Deep Divers Conclusion                                      9
References                                                    10

Dangers of Deep Diving Introduction

Commercial divers are paid up to $100,000 a year to dive deep so that they can weld on rigs, scrape off barnacles, lay pipeline, search for oil, and hopefully stay alive while they are working in deep water. Other deep divers include underwater archaeologists and treasure hunters.

Figure 2: Marine Archaeologist. Complements of: www.wikipedia.org
Figure 1: Commercial Diver. Complements of: www.cdiving.com
No matter what kind of diver, the risks involved with deep diving are always going to be the same. They include: death, the “bends”, nitrogen narcosis, bone degeneration, air embolisms, oxygen toxicity, high pressure nervous syndrome, and hypercapnia. Instead of risking human lives to work on oil rigs and pipelines, search for treasure, or take samples for biology, companies that need deep divers should use remote operated vehicles (ROVs).
What are ROVs?

Remotely operated vehicles are machines that can be driven without people in them. They can be operated in 2400 feet of water with no problem. They are linked to a ship by cables that power the ROV. ROVs are useful because different tools can be installed on them, such as drills, clamps, saw blades, flash lights, and cameras. Usually all ROVs have a camera and a light installed on them to provide lighted video footage for the crew to work.

ROVs can be the size of a bread box and can get much bigger. Some have garages that are placed at the bottom of the ocean. The ROV then leaves the garage to complete a mission, then returns to the garage to be lifted out of the ocean.

Figure 3: Zeus. Complements of: www.ecophotoexplorers.com
Cost of ROVs and ROV Personnel

ROVs can be worth millions of dollars. They

are a long term investment that saves marine companies money. ROV jobs are in high demand. Oil and gas companies need ROV staff to monitor and work on their rigs and pipelines. The jobs pay well. The ROV staff members are usually paid per day at a $40 per hour rate.
Current Uses for ROVs
Figure 4: ROV Crew. Complements of: Maritime Press

The ROVs are extremely maneuverable. They can move horizontally, laterally, and vertically by propellers. They are good for inspecting pipelines, ships’ hulls, or offshore

structures. They can be useful when solving problems by just using the camera to see what the problem is. If needed, the operator, a.k.a. “flyer”, can switch out or add on a tool in order to help out engineers when problems underwater happen.

“Zeus, a sophisticated ROV that acts as the crews' eyes and hands, is driven by a 250-horsepower motor. This 7-ton apparatus is equipped with fiber-optic video and still cameras, and has robotic arms that can handle the most delicate finds (see fig. 1). A vacuum system lifts the coins and other artifacts into a container for transport to the surface. The ROV has snapped about 7,000 pictures of the wreck and debris field, allowing the assembly of a detailed overhead photo map of the site. On a computer screen, they can zoom in tight on specific artifacts in the wreck and send the ROV directly to [the ROV crew] for pickup” (www.ecophotoexplorers.com).

Advantages of Using ROVs
Figure 5: Zeus Descending to Ocean Floor. Complements of: www.shipwreck.net

ROVs are gaining popularity with the engineering, marine science, and marine archaeology crowds. The ROVs can search the ocean around the clock and discover things that man alone could never dream of seeing without ROVs. ROVs are helping to identify

and remedy problems
on oil and gas rigs in the deep seas. They also help engineers find oil. It takes people to operate the ROVs, which means there is a demand for ROV flyers and technicians.

The size of the ROV usually can determine its uses. Small ROVs check ship hulls for terrorist activity and look inside pipelines for examinations. Large ROVs go to the sea floor to do seismic testing and dig trenches for underwater pipelines.

Crews of 3-12 people are used to manage the operations of ROV work. An example of the work they would do is identifying how far a pipeline moved after a hurricane. To do this accurately, the ROV they use is equipped with mapping devices, up to 8 cameras, high beam lights, and about 500 volts of electricity supplied via fiber optic cables.

The equipment needed on an ROV can get heavy. Some ROVs require up to 250 horsepower engines to navigate. Arms on ROVs can house high pressure water jets, grinding tools, suction pumps for dredging, drills, saws, jack hammers, and more.

Figure 6: Life at 1044 Meters. Complements of: www.allmarine.blogspot.com

Biologists use the ROVs to study fish colonies at rig sites. They also test soils for researching recovery times from hurricane damage and other dangers. Biologists and people around the globe will soon be able to enjoy knowing what lurks in the lowest depths of the ocean as ROV manufacturers develop more advanced ROVs that can travel deeper than ever before.

SERPENT

Scientific and Environmental ROV Partnership using Existing iNdustrial Technology (SERPENT) is a company that does ROV research for biological, oil, and gas companies all over the world. The company’s goals are to provide cutting edge technology in order to give people up-to-date information about the unexplored ocean. SERPENT brings information to the public's attention on ocean related activities.

SERPENT’s Golden Rules are goals to decrease the risk for death and being on time to work. Their website produces information on everything they do. Anyone can read up on their findings and progress with projects. When SERPENT personnel are on a rig performing ROV research, they comply with all the rules that are set forth by the rig operators. The company’s personnel also present their findings in meetings aboard the rigs to rig personnel so that rig personnel better understand the underwater environment.

What Is Deep Diving?

Deep diving is classified by depth in three different skill levels of diving: recreational diving (100 feet or more), technical diving (200 feet or more), and surface supplied diving (330 feet or more). Technical and surface supplied divers must breathe an air mixture of different gases to allow them to dive deep. For extreme dives down to 700 meters (2296.5 feet), a special suit that protects humans from more than 50 times atmospheric pressure must be worn. The suit allows a diver to dive extremely deep and to stay at normal atmospheric pressure.

Figure 7: Diver Returning From 600 Foot Dive. Complements of: www.wikipedia.org

Basic open water diving is the safest type of diving there is. The dangers involved in open water diving would be death and the “bends”, or decompression sickness. Divers get the “bends” when

they ascend to quickly, causing air bubbles to form in the blood stream. Once the diver gets to the surface they experience aching in the joints. Air can form inside the bones and cause bone degeneration. If someone with the “bends” goes untreated, a brain embolism could kill them. Remedy for the “bends” is to sit or lay inside a decompression chamber for a prescribed amount of time.

According to www.scubadivingplace.com, deep diving has more dangers. Getting the “narks” is similar to getting drunk. Nitrogen narcosis, or the “narks”, gives the diver a feeling of euphoria and confidence, but leads to numbness and memory impairment. Deep diving can cause oxygen toxicity, which can cause an underwater convulsion. High pressure on the body causes the diver to breathe more rapidly, and can cause hypercapnia, an excess amount of carbon dioxide in the diver’s blood (www.scubadivingplace.com).

Cost of Deep Divers
Figure 8: Diver. Complements of: www.ddiinternational.com

Deep sea divers can earn up to $100,000. “Under the right conditions, salary increases could average $10,000 to $15,000 per year. The top salary a veteran professional can earn is usually in the $60,000 to $100,000 range”

(www.whatitcosts.com). The constraint to diving deep is that there is a limited amount of time a diver can spend diving.
Current Uses For Deep Divers and Job Demand
Figure 9: Diver. Complements of: www.whatitcosts.com

Offshore diving jobs are in high demand. Hurricanes damage oil rigs and pipelines. This increases the need for maintenance on offshore structures. According to www.whatitcosts.com, divers are needed for,

“…diving to deeper ocean depths for performing such duties as inspection, installation,

and repair of oil drilling platforms and piping. Working from large ocean vessels on search and recovering missions, deep sea salvage operations worldwide, treasure hunting enterprises, or in support of scientific/archeology projects are just some of the work-related duties performed in offshore diving” (www.whatitcosts.com).

ROVs Instead of Deep Divers Conclusion

Divers can suffer health problems or die when they dive deep. ROVs are beneficial because they can be operated from above water in safety. Divers should continue diving offshore for marine companies; however, they should not go any deeper than 100 feet below the surface of the ocean. Any job that requires diving at depths greater than100 feet should be done by ROVs. Using ROVs for deep diving jobs is safer than using divers to do these jobs. The possibility of death or illness is reduced, and the demand for ROV jobs would increase as the need for humans to dive below 100 feet disappeared.

References

Borchardt, J. K. (2008). ROBOTS OF THE SEA. Mechanical Engineering, 130(7), 36-39. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

DDI International, Inc. (2008). Diving and ROV services. Retrieved from: http://www.ddiinternational.com/servicesdivingrov.html.

Eco-Photo Explorers. (December 3, 2005). Zeus. S.S. Republic. Retrieved from: http://www.ecophotoexplorers.com/ssrepublic.asp.

Maritime Press Clipping. (2011). Oceaneering: Deepwater Drill Support Record Set. Retrieved from: http://mpckr.blogspot.com/2011/04/oceaneering-deepwater-drill-support.html.

Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. (2011). Gallery. Retrieved from :http://www.shipwreck.net/g2/gallery2/v/Vesselsandtechnology/rov_zeus/ZEUS3.jpg.html.

Scubadivingplace. (2009). Deep Diving. Retrieved from: http://www.scubadivingplace.com/deep-diving.html

Suzhu BITES. (December 1, 2009). Wakatobi Islands; Enigmatic Diving Spot. Retrieved from: http://allmarine.blogspot.com/2009/11/wakatobi-islands-enigmatic-diving-spot.html.

The SERPENT Project. (2011). About Us. In SERPENT: Deep sea research using ROVs. Retrieved July 17, 2011, from http://www.serpentproject.com/aboutus.php.

What It Costs. (2011). Commercial Diver. Retrieved from: http://people.whatitcosts.com/commercial-diver.htm.

Read this if you go to Texas A&M University at Galveston or if you are an Engineering student or professor

2012-02-28T20:09:00.001-08:00

ROV Research for Resume
Texas A&M University at Galveston's (TAMUG) Engineering Department head needs to allow students and faculty to work on $70 Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) projects for research and experience (SOURCE 1). If students and faculty get the permission to do this, they would gain experience for their resumes. Since Maritime Systems Engineering (MASE) curriculum focuses on the design and implementation of onshore, coastal, and offshore structures, MASE students could design an ROV for a group project grade in their ENGR 112 class. There would be several tradeoffs with the ROV projects. MARE students would be able to build the ROVs, MARB and OCRE students could operate the ROVs, and faculty from all of these major departments would get to supervise and orchestrate the projects.
Background
TAMUG's Engineering Department specializes in marine engineering. Engineering students pride themselves in being Maritime engineering students. Our faculty in the Engineering Department has ongoing work in research so that they may continue working at TAMUG.
Engineering students, particularly MASE majors, start out designing structures in their first few classes for their curriculum. They design rotors, wheels, tennis ball cannons, and all sorts of objects without getting to see their designs built into real things. Employers like to see experience on resumes because it makes the student a more valuable candidate for a position in their company. Students get experience when they work on research projects with faculty like Dr. Juan Horrillo who does research on tsunami's and their effects.
Reasons for ROV Projects
Getting the opportunity to work with faculty on research projects is hard to come by, and would look great on a student's resume. Giving students and faculty permission to work on an ROV project at the end of the ENGR 112 class to get experience would look great on students' resumes. Groups would begin by planning the costs of the ROV kits. Since there are several ENGR 112 classes, the ROV projects would cost a total of under $2000 to purchase (PFA1). Next, faculty would choose when the projects would take place. Since the fundamentals of the ENGR 112 class must be taught to students, the project would be best to work on at the end of the semester. When the ROVs are designed, then MARE students would be able to build the projects. When they finish building the projects, any department here at TAMUG could use the ROVs.
Cost of ROV Kits
To do the ROV projects and report on work completed, engineering students estimate that it would take 40 class hours over the last month of the fall or spring semester, and cost no more than $100 per group (PFA2). The project teams would include 3-5 ENGR 112 students. They would be supervised by ENGR 112 professors like Dr. Sudeep Ingole and Dr. Matt Beach. If this proposal were to be accepted, students and faculty would be able to begin ROV projects as soon as the class completes its learning objectives for the course. Students would have to submit progress reports to professors at the end of each class week and a completion report when the 40 hours are up. The completion report would include duties of each team member, work completed and a recommendation to a specific department of TAMUG to use the ROV for research.
Students would be responsible for costs of ROV kits. The kits cost less than $100. Each group would split the cost in order to make the kit more affordable.

ROV Projects Conclusion
In order to increase TAMUG students' chances of getting a job, Dr. Panchang needs to allow engineering students to create ROVs at the end of the ENGR 112 class. The ultimate goal for creating ROVs is for students and faculty to do research with the ROVs. Students would be able to put their experience with ROVs on their resumes. The cost of the ROV kits would be under $100 per group.
Dr. Panchang, please allow the engineering students and faculty to use ROV kits for end of semester projects in ENGR 112 and for research at TAMUG.

References

ApogeeKits Electronic Kits and Tools 2002 – 2011. July 16, 2011. Electronic Kits and Tools. Retrieved from: http://www.apogeekits.com/rov_kit.htm.

MASE Department. 2011. Biography Pages. Retrieved from: http://www.tamug.edu/mase/BiographyPages/Horrillo.htm.

PFA1

PFA2

ROV Popularity

2012-02-28T19:47:00.003-08:00

Borchardt, J. K. (2008). ROBOTS OF THE SEA. Mechanical Engineering, 130(7), 36-39. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Topics: Advantages of using ROVs

Summary: ROVs are gaining popularity with the engineering, marine science, and marine archaeology crowds. The ROVs can search the ocean around the clock and discover things that man alone could never dream of seeing without ROVs. ROVs are helping to identify and remedy problems on oil and gas rigs in the deep seas. They also help engineers find oil. It takes people to operate the ROVs, which means there is a demand for ROV flyers and technicians.

The size of the ROV usually can determine its uses. Small ROVs check ship hulls for terrorist activity and look inside pipelines for examinations. Large ROVs go to the sea floor to do seismic testing and dig trenches for underwater pipelines.

Crews of 3-12 people are used to manage the operations of ROV work. An example of the work they would do is identifying how far a pipeline moved after a hurricane. To do this accurately, the ROV they use is equipped with mapping devices, up to 8 cameras, high beam lights, and about 500 volts of electricity supplied via fiber optic cables.

The equipment needed on an ROV can get heavy. Some ROVs require up to 250 horsepower engines to navigate. Arms on ROVs can house high pressure water jets, grinding tools, suction pumps for dredging, drills, saws, jack hammers, and more.

Biologists use the ROVs to study fish colonies at rig sites. They also test soils for researching recovery times from hurricane damage and other dangers. Biologists’ and people around the globe will soon be able to enjoy knowing what lurks in the lowest depths of the ocean as ROV manufacturers develop more advanced ROVs that can travel deeper than ever before.

Commentary: The article is written for anyone wanting to learn about ROVs. The author's language is clear to engineers and the public. Descriptions of the uses for ROVs give the reader a good idea of why ROVs are important. The uses of the ROVs make their work seem good.
Information presented in the article came from experience of using ROVs on offshore structures.

The article gives clear information on specific uses of ROVs to this day and plans for the future. It advertised the demand for ROV technicians and operators. It also provided a potential justification for biologists to use ROVs as research tools. It seems like the ROV industry is a good industry to get involved in.

T. Kurtin

Project 1 POSTPONED

2012-02-18T16:45:00.001-08:00

Project 1
First I am going to design the ROV specific to the conditions of the dive site I will fly the ROV at. Then I will build the ROV taylored to the special design. The conditions right now will be murky water, unknown current velocity, and about 10 meters of depth. Possible ocean topography includes but not limited to: rocks, oyster beds, logs, pipelines, and stray line cut off from fishing poles.

Any advice, suggestions, comments are welcome and encouraged. Please post your thoughts.

PROJECT POSTPONED

2012-02-16T14:28:00.000-08:00

I am new to electronics. I am NAUI certified advanced diver and I want to build an ROV as a project in order to understand programming and electronics better.

Advice for your professor

2012-02-14T22:33:00.001-08:00

What is an "ROV"?

2012-02-14T22:28:00.000-08:00

Steve Gittings. (February 24, 2006). Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV). In NOAA Ocean Explorer. Retrieved July 15, 2011, from http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/technology/subs/rov/rov.html.

Topics: The description of, uses for, and maneuverability of ROVs.

Summary: Remotely operated vehicles are machines that can be driven without people in them. They can be operated in 2400 feet of water with no problem. They are linked to a ship by cables that power the ROV. ROVs are useful because different tools can be installed on them, such as drills, clamps, saw blades, flash lights, and cameras. Usually all ROVs have a camera and a light installed on them.

The ROVs are extremely maneuverable. They can move horizontally, laterally, and vertically by propellors. They are good for inspecting pipelines or offshore structures. They can be useful when solving problems by just using the camera to see what the problem is. If needed, the operator, a.k.a. “flyer”, can switch out or add on a tool in order to help out engineers when problems underwater happen.

Commentary: The article is written for anyone wanting to learn about ROVs. The author's language is clear to everybody. Descriptions of the uses for ROVs give the reader a good idea of why ROVs are important.

Information presented in the article came from experience of using ROVs on offshore structures, in cold water, in deep water, and at shallow water depths.

T. Kurtin