"soil carbon or biochar" - Google News

Biochar helps paddy soils lock away carbon by reshaping microbial life underground - EurekAlert!

Mon, 29 Jun 2026 21:18:46 GMT

Biochar helps paddy soils lock away carbon by reshaping microbial life underground EurekAlert!

Biochar soil benefits may fade faster than expected, 8-year study finds - Open Access Government

Thu, 18 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar soil benefits may fade faster than expected, 8-year study finds Open Access Government

New tech ready to recharge soil carbon levels, fertility in Bengaluru - The New Indian Express

Wed, 01 Jul 2026 03:31:08 GMT

New tech ready to recharge soil carbon levels, fertility in Bengaluru The New Indian Express

How biochar helps soil carbon last longer: microbes turn dissolved organic matter into more stable forms - EurekAlert!

Tue, 16 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

How biochar helps soil carbon last longer: microbes turn dissolved organic matter into more stable forms EurekAlert!

How biochar enhances soil carbon stability by transforming dissolved organic matter through microbial action - Bioengineer.org

Tue, 16 Jun 2026 22:11:31 GMT

How biochar enhances soil carbon stability by transforming dissolved organic matter through microbial action Bioengineer.org

Soil organic carbon stabilization by organic amendments through iron gate and enzyme latch mechanisms - Nature

Wed, 15 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Soil organic carbon stabilization by organic amendments through iron gate and enzyme latch mechanisms Nature

Biochar boosts soil carbon near the surface, but lessens it deeper down - Open Access Government

Thu, 04 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar boosts soil carbon near the surface, but lessens it deeper down Open Access Government

Microbes hold the key: unlocking sustainable carbon storage in farmland with biochar - EurekAlert!

Wed, 17 Jun 2026 17:19:40 GMT

Microbes hold the key: unlocking sustainable carbon storage in farmland with biochar EurekAlert!

Early evidence for the benefits of biochar in organic regenerative agriculture - Nature

Thu, 26 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Early evidence for the benefits of biochar in organic regenerative agriculture Nature

New biochar model could help farmers and policymakers make climate-smart agriculture more site-specific - EurekAlert!

Mon, 22 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

New biochar model could help farmers and policymakers make climate-smart agriculture more site-specific EurekAlert!

Nanozeolite-coupled biochar fertilizer may help bamboo forest soils hold on to carbon under warming - EurekAlert!

Tue, 16 Jun 2026 21:19:25 GMT

Nanozeolite-coupled biochar fertilizer may help bamboo forest soils hold on to carbon under warming EurekAlert!

Warming may weaken biochar’s climate benefits in cropland soils, global study finds - EurekAlert!

Tue, 09 Jun 2026 21:17:23 GMT

Warming may weaken biochar’s climate benefits in cropland soils, global study finds EurekAlert!

Microbial-mediated soil organic carbon sequestration under biochar application in Chinese agricultural soils - EurekAlert!

Wed, 17 Jun 2026 18:03:13 GMT

Microbial-mediated soil organic carbon sequestration under biochar application in Chinese agricultural soils EurekAlert!

Biochar and smarter water table management could help cut greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands - EurekAlert!

Thu, 18 Jun 2026 21:25:47 GMT

Biochar and smarter water table management could help cut greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands EurekAlert!

Biochar and crop residues store carbon in soil through distinct pathways, long-term field study finds - EurekAlert!

Fri, 10 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar and crop residues store carbon in soil through distinct pathways, long-term field study finds EurekAlert!

Biochar outperforms straw in locking carbon into soils, new study finds - EurekAlert!

Fri, 10 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar outperforms straw in locking carbon into soils, new study finds EurekAlert!

How biochar and soil bacteria team up to lock away carbon - EurekAlert!

Tue, 07 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

How biochar and soil bacteria team up to lock away carbon EurekAlert!

Weathering changes the long-term role of biochar in soil carbon storage and pollution control - EurekAlert!

Mon, 25 May 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Weathering changes the long-term role of biochar in soil carbon storage and pollution control EurekAlert!

Harnessing biochar to supercharge soil carbon storage for climate action - EurekAlert!

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Harnessing biochar to supercharge soil carbon storage for climate action EurekAlert!

Long-term biochar use reshapes soil carbon storage through microbial pathways - EurekAlert!

Wed, 18 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Long-term biochar use reshapes soil carbon storage through microbial pathways EurekAlert!

Digging deeper: The overlooked carbon fortress beneath our feet - EurekAlert!

Wed, 13 May 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Digging deeper: The overlooked carbon fortress beneath our feet EurekAlert!

Rosy Soil: Carbon-Negative, Peat-Free Potting Soil Powered by Biochar - Causeartist

Thu, 18 Jun 2026 18:30:22 GMT

Rosy Soil: Carbon-Negative, Peat-Free Potting Soil Powered by Biochar Causeartist

Long-term biochar use can help cropland soils store more microbial carbon, but depth matters - EurekAlert!

Wed, 03 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Long-term biochar use can help cropland soils store more microbial carbon, but depth matters EurekAlert!

Hydrochar boosts soil carbon storage and structure more effectively than biochar, study finds - EurekAlert!

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Hydrochar boosts soil carbon storage and structure more effectively than biochar, study finds EurekAlert!

Biochar emerges as a powerful tool for soil carbon neutrality and climate mitigation - EurekAlert!

Fri, 13 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Biochar emerges as a powerful tool for soil carbon neutrality and climate mitigation EurekAlert!

Hydrochar turns agricultural waste into a powerful tool for healthier, carbon-rich soils - EurekAlert!

Fri, 29 May 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Hydrochar turns agricultural waste into a powerful tool for healthier, carbon-rich soils EurekAlert!

Fungi hold the key to boosting urban soil health with biochar and compost - EurekAlert!

Mon, 06 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Fungi hold the key to boosting urban soil health with biochar and compost EurekAlert!

Engineered biochar with minerals could unlock new solutions for soil health and water cleanup - EurekAlert!

Wed, 25 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Engineered biochar with minerals could unlock new solutions for soil health and water cleanup EurekAlert!

Biochar boosts soil carbon storage through microbial pathways, but effects vary with soil depth - EurekAlert!

Fri, 03 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar boosts soil carbon storage through microbial pathways, but effects vary with soil depth EurekAlert!

Biochar effects on soil organic carbon sequestration and acidity amelioration persist after 10 years - Frontiers

Mon, 09 Feb 2026 21:22:27 GMT

Biochar effects on soil organic carbon sequestration and acidity amelioration persist after 10 years Frontiers

New global model reveals how biochar can boost climate-smart agriculture - EurekAlert!

Fri, 24 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

New global model reveals how biochar can boost climate-smart agriculture EurekAlert!

Microbes hold the key to unlocking biochar’s carbon storage potential in soils - EurekAlert!

Fri, 27 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Microbes hold the key to unlocking biochar’s carbon storage potential in soils EurekAlert!

Biochar can boost soil microbial life by more than 20%, global field study finds - EurekAlert!

Mon, 04 May 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar can boost soil microbial life by more than 20%, global field study finds EurekAlert!

Biochar and microbes team up to rebuild soil health and cut greenhouse gases - EurekAlert!

Thu, 09 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar and microbes team up to rebuild soil health and cut greenhouse gases EurekAlert!

Bengaluru scientists unveil low-cost biochar tech for soil revival - MSN

Thu, 02 Jul 2026 21:00:36 GMT

Bengaluru scientists unveil low-cost biochar tech for soil revival MSN

Pyrolysis temperature effects of tomato stems biochar on leaching dynamics of ammonium, nitrate, and dissolved organic carbon in sandy soil - Nature

Tue, 17 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Pyrolysis temperature effects of tomato stems biochar on leaching dynamics of ammonium, nitrate, and dissolved organic carbon in sandy soil Nature

Nanozeolite-Enhanced Biochar Fertilizer Boosts Carbon Retention in Bamboo Forest Soils Amid Rising Temperatures - Bioengineer.org

Tue, 16 Jun 2026 22:16:31 GMT

Nanozeolite-Enhanced Biochar Fertilizer Boosts Carbon Retention in Bamboo Forest Soils Amid Rising Temperatures Bioengineer.org

Natural redox properties make biochar a participant in pollution control - Open Access Government

Fri, 12 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Natural redox properties make biochar a participant in pollution control Open Access Government

Biochar helps rice fields cut greenhouse gases while sustaining yields, new study finds - EurekAlert!

Wed, 08 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar helps rice fields cut greenhouse gases while sustaining yields, new study finds EurekAlert!

Biochar’s Big Moment: Can It Save Soil and Profits? - Vocal

Sun, 21 Jun 2026 08:29:44 GMT

Biochar’s Big Moment: Can It Save Soil and Profits? Vocal

Feeding biochar to cattle may help lock carbon in soil and cut agricultural emissions - EurekAlert!

Wed, 11 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Feeding biochar to cattle may help lock carbon in soil and cut agricultural emissions EurekAlert!

Nebraska scientists establish biochar on-farm research network - Nebraska Today

Tue, 10 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Nebraska scientists establish biochar on-farm research network Nebraska Today

Global Study Reveals Rising Temperatures Could Undermine Biochar’s Climate Benefits in Cropland Soils - Bioengineer.org

Tue, 09 Jun 2026 21:25:56 GMT

Global Study Reveals Rising Temperatures Could Undermine Biochar’s Climate Benefits in Cropland Soils Bioengineer.org

Understanding biochar's complex interactions in farmland soils for sustainable carbon management - EurekAlert!

Mon, 30 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Understanding biochar's complex interactions in farmland soils for sustainable carbon management EurekAlert!

The Promise—and Limits—of Biochar in the Vineyard - go.sevenfifty.com

Mon, 16 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

The Promise—and Limits—of Biochar in the Vineyard go.sevenfifty.com

Long-term field study shows biochar delivers dual benefits for soil health and climate mitigation - EurekAlert!

Wed, 25 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Long-term field study shows biochar delivers dual benefits for soil health and climate mitigation EurekAlert!

Biochar emerges as a powerful carbon-negative solution for climate and environmental restoration - EurekAlert!

Tue, 14 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar emerges as a powerful carbon-negative solution for climate and environmental restoration EurekAlert!

Response of acidic silt loam soil properties to biochar application under soybean cultivation - Frontiers

Mon, 06 Apr 2026 20:01:48 GMT

Response of acidic silt loam soil properties to biochar application under soybean cultivation Frontiers

Iron's double-edged sword: a key to both storing and releasing soil carbon - EurekAlert!

Sun, 05 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Iron's double-edged sword: a key to both storing and releasing soil carbon EurekAlert!

Impact of biochar on citrus rootstocks growth, nutrient uptake, root system architecture, and soil properties - Frontiers

Mon, 23 Mar 2026 11:52:08 GMT

Impact of biochar on citrus rootstocks growth, nutrient uptake, root system architecture, and soil properties Frontiers

Converting dryland to rice paddies weakens soil carbon storage - EurekAlert!

Sat, 04 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Converting dryland to rice paddies weakens soil carbon storage EurekAlert!

Biochar: Transforming soil into a long-term carbon sink - Open Access Government

Mon, 16 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Biochar: Transforming soil into a long-term carbon sink Open Access Government

Effects of biochar amendment on rhizosphere soil available nitrogen and crop growth - Nature

Tue, 03 Mar 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Effects of biochar amendment on rhizosphere soil available nitrogen and crop growth Nature

Call for papers: AI in biochar research for sustainable land ecosystems - EurekAlert!

Fri, 23 Jan 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Call for papers: AI in biochar research for sustainable land ecosystems EurekAlert!

Urban construction soils identified as hidden carbon source, with biochar offering a scalable climate solution - EurekAlert!

Tue, 31 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Urban construction soils identified as hidden carbon source, with biochar offering a scalable climate solution EurekAlert!

Biochar and smart water management offer a new pathway to cut peatland emissions - EurekAlert!

Tue, 21 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar and smart water management offer a new pathway to cut peatland emissions EurekAlert!

New farm-scale biochar system cuts agriculture emissions by 75% - Open Access Government

Thu, 05 Mar 2026 08:00:00 GMT

New farm-scale biochar system cuts agriculture emissions by 75% Open Access Government

Imputing unjustified bulk density values to soils with biochar addition biases soil carbon sequestration estimates - PNAS

Thu, 08 Jan 2026 16:51:25 GMT

Imputing unjustified bulk density values to soils with biochar addition biases soil carbon sequestration estimates PNAS

The Ultimate Guide to Biochar: The "Black Gold" Fueling Durable Carbon Removal Market - CarbonCredits.com

Thu, 19 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

The Ultimate Guide to Biochar: The "Black Gold" Fueling Durable Carbon Removal Market CarbonCredits.com

Local biochar use for sustainable agriculture in Asia - jircas.go.jp

Wed, 25 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Local biochar use for sustainable agriculture in Asia jircas.go.jp

Boeing Signs 40,000 Tonne Biochar Carbon Removal Agreement - ESG Today

Mon, 09 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Boeing Signs 40,000 Tonne Biochar Carbon Removal Agreement ESG Today

Straw, Biochar Reshape Soil Organic Matter Structure - Mirage News

Fri, 05 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Straw, Biochar Reshape Soil Organic Matter Structure Mirage News

Tule River Tribe targets carbon credit revenue with $14.7M biochar investment - Tribal Business News

Tue, 17 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Tule River Tribe targets carbon credit revenue with $14.7M biochar investment Tribal Business News

Jain Irrigation commissions one of world’s largest biochar plants, turning farm waste into carbon-rich soil booster - BioEnergy Times

Tue, 09 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Jain Irrigation commissions one of world’s largest biochar plants, turning farm waste into carbon-rich soil booster BioEnergy Times

Biochar helps farmland soils withstand extreme rain and drought by steadying carbon loss - EurekAlert!

Tue, 13 Jan 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Biochar helps farmland soils withstand extreme rain and drought by steadying carbon loss EurekAlert!

Turning farm waste into climate solutions: Co-pyrolysis of cotton straw and plastic film could cut millions of tons of emissions - EurekAlert!

Mon, 02 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Turning farm waste into climate solutions: Co-pyrolysis of cotton straw and plastic film could cut millions of tons of emissions EurekAlert!

Wakefield Biochar improves soil health with carbon-negative solution – sponsored by Wakefield Biochar - WCNC

Thu, 26 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Wakefield Biochar improves soil health with carbon-negative solution – sponsored by Wakefield Biochar WCNC

Biochar gains ground in Spain as a regenerative soil amendment with agricultural and urban uses - Hortidaily

Wed, 18 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Biochar gains ground in Spain as a regenerative soil amendment with agricultural and urban uses Hortidaily

CMI Orchards' regenerative agriculture practices - Organic Produce Network

Tue, 27 Jan 2026 08:00:00 GMT

CMI Orchards' regenerative agriculture practices Organic Produce Network

CDR company Varaha nabs $20M investment, launches biochar partnership - ESG Dive

Fri, 06 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

CDR company Varaha nabs $20M investment, launches biochar partnership ESG Dive

Microsoft Inks Biggest-Ever U.S. Biochar Deal with Liferaft - CarbonCredits.com

Thu, 26 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Microsoft Inks Biggest-Ever U.S. Biochar Deal with Liferaft CarbonCredits.com

Feeding cows biochar could turn manure into a carbon sink - Earth.com

Sun, 15 Feb 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Feeding cows biochar could turn manure into a carbon sink Earth.com

Biochar Meaning, Production, Applications, Latest News - Vajiram & Ravi

Mon, 22 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar Meaning, Production, Applications, Latest News Vajiram & Ravi

Biochar in Swiss agriculture – risks and opportunities for soil and climate - Bundesamt für Umwelt BAFU

Thu, 19 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Biochar in Swiss agriculture – risks and opportunities for soil and climate Bundesamt für Umwelt BAFU

Jain Irrigation Commissions One of World’s Largest Biochar Facilities in Maharashtra - Energetica India Magazine

Thu, 04 Jun 2026 07:00:00 GMT

Jain Irrigation Commissions One of World’s Largest Biochar Facilities in Maharashtra Energetica India Magazine

Synergistic effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer enhance soil carbon emissions and microbial diversity in acidic orchard soils - Nature

Mon, 05 Jan 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Synergistic effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer enhance soil carbon emissions and microbial diversity in acidic orchard soils Nature

Extreme rainfall swings are speeding carbon loss from soils - Earth.com

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Extreme rainfall swings are speeding carbon loss from soils Earth.com

Varaha signs major offtake agreement with Microsoft for biochar carbon removal in India - AgFunderNews

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Varaha signs major offtake agreement with Microsoft for biochar carbon removal in India AgFunderNews

Microsoft to purchase 100,000 tons of carbon removal credits from Indian biochar firm Varaha - Data Center Dynamics

Fri, 16 Jan 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Microsoft to purchase 100,000 tons of carbon removal credits from Indian biochar firm Varaha Data Center Dynamics

1466. Green Asia Report Series No. 4: Local Biochar Use for Sustainable Agriculture in Asia (Second Edition) - jircas.go.jp

Mon, 30 Mar 2026 07:00:00 GMT

1466. Green Asia Report Series No. 4: Local Biochar Use for Sustainable Agriculture in Asia (Second Edition) jircas.go.jp

Enhanced stabilisation of soil carbon via arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar - Nature

Wed, 12 Nov 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Enhanced stabilisation of soil carbon via arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar Nature

Nepal's Soil Health Crisis: Over-reliance on Chemicals Threatens Agriculture, Biochar Offers a Solution - Ratopati

Wed, 06 May 2026 09:29:10 GMT

Nepal's Soil Health Crisis: Over-reliance on Chemicals Threatens Agriculture, Biochar Offers a Solution Ratopati

Microsoft Kicks Off 2026 With Flurry of Large-Scale Carbon Removal Purchase Deals - ESG Today

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 08:00:00 GMT

Microsoft Kicks Off 2026 With Flurry of Large-Scale Carbon Removal Purchase Deals ESG Today

A land-clearing tool that turns bush into biochar - Farmer's Weekly SA

Thu, 30 Apr 2026 07:00:00 GMT

A land-clearing tool that turns bush into biochar Farmer's Weekly SA

Sustainable use of woody biochar boosts soil carbon and crop yields in pepper fields - EurekAlert!

Thu, 23 Oct 2025 07:00:00 GMT

Sustainable use of woody biochar boosts soil carbon and crop yields in pepper fields EurekAlert!

Differential impacts of regenerative agriculture practices on soil organic carbon: a meta-analysis of studies from India - Nature

Mon, 29 Sep 2025 07:00:00 GMT

Differential impacts of regenerative agriculture practices on soil organic carbon: a meta-analysis of studies from India Nature

Use of biomass-derived biochar as a sustainable material for carbon sequestration in soil: recent advancements and future perspectives - Nature

Tue, 05 Aug 2025 07:00:00 GMT

Use of biomass-derived biochar as a sustainable material for carbon sequestration in soil: recent advancements and future perspectives Nature

Optimization of biochar production from Rumex abyssinicus using response surface methodology and its application in amending degraded soil - Nature

Tue, 25 Nov 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Optimization of biochar production from Rumex abyssinicus using response surface methodology and its application in amending degraded soil Nature

Synergistic effects of syzygium cumini sawdust biochar and poultry manure on soil quality enhancement, nitrogen, organic carbon dynamics, and Amaranthus cruentus growth - Nature

Thu, 04 Dec 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Synergistic effects of syzygium cumini sawdust biochar and poultry manure on soil quality enhancement, nitrogen, organic carbon dynamics, and Amaranthus cruentus growth Nature

A 2-year pure biochar addition enhances soil carbon sequestration and reduces aggregate stability in understory conditions - Nature

Tue, 03 Dec 2024 08:00:00 GMT

A 2-year pure biochar addition enhances soil carbon sequestration and reduces aggregate stability in understory conditions Nature

Biochar Permanence—A Policy Commentary - Schmidt - 2025 - GCB Bioenergy - Wiley Online Library

Sun, 09 Nov 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Biochar Permanence—A Policy Commentary - Schmidt - 2025 - GCB Bioenergy Wiley Online Library

Fly ash-enhanced biochar provides new opportunity for soil carbon sequestration - EurekAlert!

Tue, 04 Nov 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Fly ash-enhanced biochar provides new opportunity for soil carbon sequestration EurekAlert!

Synergistic effects of biochar-lime enhance acidic soil remediation and sustain peanut productivity under continuous cropping systems - Nature

Fri, 07 Nov 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Synergistic effects of biochar-lime enhance acidic soil remediation and sustain peanut productivity under continuous cropping systems Nature

Grazing, soil, and biochar: U.S.-China scientists uncover a carbon-boosting superpower in karst lands - EurekAlert!

Wed, 24 Sep 2025 07:00:00 GMT

Grazing, soil, and biochar: U.S.-China scientists uncover a carbon-boosting superpower in karst lands EurekAlert!

Q&A: The role of soil health in food security and tackling climate change - Carbon Brief

Wed, 29 Oct 2025 07:00:00 GMT

Q&A: The role of soil health in food security and tackling climate change Carbon Brief

Biochar-amended soil can further sorb atmospheric CO - Nature

Fri, 03 Jan 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Biochar-amended soil can further sorb atmospheric CO Nature

Biochar reshapes hidden soil microbes that capture carbon dioxide in farmland - EurekAlert!

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Biochar reshapes hidden soil microbes that capture carbon dioxide in farmland EurekAlert!

Turning Australia’s food waste into biochar: a sustainable solution for climate and soil - EurekAlert!

Thu, 30 Oct 2025 07:00:00 GMT

Turning Australia’s food waste into biochar: a sustainable solution for climate and soil EurekAlert!

Pyrolysis temperature shapes biochar-mediated soil microbial communities and carbon-nitrogen metabolism - Frontiers

Fri, 12 Sep 2025 18:26:53 GMT

Pyrolysis temperature shapes biochar-mediated soil microbial communities and carbon-nitrogen metabolism Frontiers

Biochar and bentonite application improves aeolian sandy soil health and enhances soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction potential - Nature

Thu, 16 Jan 2025 08:00:00 GMT

Biochar and bentonite application improves aeolian sandy soil health and enhances soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction potential Nature